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Bridging Course for Mole Relationship and Calculations

March Holiday, TUESDAY 16 Mar 2010 9 am - 12 pm, LT3 Questions on Mole Concept

1 The Avogadro Constant is 6.02 x 1023 mol-1. What is the number of protons in 0.1 mol
of O atom? A 1.02 x 1022 B 4.82 x 1022 C 6.02 x 1022
8 5 3 7

5.42 x 1023
8 7 3 7

[MI H1 / MCQ / Q1]

2 The relative atomic mass of rubidium, which consists of the isotopes

is 85.5. What is the percentage of %Rb atoms in the isotopic mixture? A 0.25% B 0.75% C 25%

Rb and D
12

Rb

75%
13

[MI H1 / MCQ / Q2]

3 A giant molecule contains a large amount of carbon; mainly of isotopes

C and was found that the relative atomic mass of carbon is 12.20. What is the ratio of 13 C? A 4:1 B 1:4 C 5:1 D

12

C. It C to

1:5

[PJC H1 / MCQ / Q1]

Questions on Combustion

4 In an experiment, 20 cm3 of an organic compound was sparked with 160 cm3 of

oxygen. After cooling to room temperature, 120 cm3 of gas remained. The residual gas was passed through aqueous KOH and 40 cm3 of gas remained. All gases were measured at the room temperature and pressure. What is the formula of the organic compound? A C3H8 B C4 H 8 C C4H10 D C6 H 6
[HCI H1 / MCQ / Q1]

5 The foul smell that skunks spray is due to a number of thiols, one of which is methane
thiol, CH3SH. A 10 cm3 sample of methanethiol was exploded with 60 cm3 of oxygen. What would be the final volume when the resultant mixture of gases are cooled to room temperature? CH3SH + 3O2 CO2 + SO2 + 2H2O A 20 cm3 B 30 cm3 C 50 cm3 D 70 cm3
[YJC H1 / MCQ / Q2]

6 10 cm3 of a pure hydrocarbon X was completely burnt in 80 cm3 of excess oxygen at

425 K. After cooling to room temperature, the gaseous mixture volume decreased from 105 cm3 to 55 cm3. A further reduction of 40 cm3 was observed when the residual gas was passed through sodium hydroxide. All gas volumes were measured at the same temperature and pressure. What is the formula of X? A C2H6 B C3 H 8 C C4H10 D C5H12
[NYJC H1 / MCQ / Q2]

7 Carbon disulphide is one by-product which can be found in the combustion of plastic.
When 50.8g of carbon disulphide is burnt in 50 dm3 of oxygen, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide are formed. CS2(g) + 3O2(g) CO2(g) + 2SO2(g)
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The gas produced was passed through aqueous potassium hydroxide and the final volume measured. What was the volume at standard temperature pressure? A 5.2 dm3 B 14.9 dm3 C 29.9 dm3 D 35.1 dm3
[IJC H1 / MCQ / Q1]

Questions on Mole Relationships

8 The booster rockets of the US space shuttle use a mixture of NH4ClO4 (g) and
powdered aluminium as fuel. A likely reaction in the booster rocket is as follows. During the launch 700 kg of NH4ClO4 reacts with the aluminium powder. How much aluminium reacts? 3Al + 3NH4ClO4 Al2O3 + AlCl3 + 3NO + 6H2O A 77 kg B 161 kg C 700 kg D 483 kg
[IJC / MCQ / Q9]

9 1.5 g of an impure sample of calcium carbonate was heated strongly until there was

no change in mass and 100 cm3 of carbon dioxide was collected. What is the percentage purity of calcium carbonate? Assume that the measurements were made under room temperature and pressure. A 27.8 % B 29.8% C 30.4% D 35.8%
[ACJC / MCQ / Q2]

10 Bones of mammals is a complex mixture of calcium salts, protein and other material. When a bone is strongly oxidised, the only residue is calcium (II) oxide. From a sample of 25.0g of bone, 7.0g of calcium (II) oxide was obtained. What is the percentage by mass of calcium in the bone? A 10.0% B 14.0% C 20.0% D 23.3%
[ACJC H1 / MCQ / Q1]

11 A2 and B2 react in the following way:

A2 (g) + 3 B2 (g) 2 AB3 (g) A2 and B2 are reacted together in a 1:5 ratio. What is the mole fraction of AB3 after reaction is completed? A 0.3 B 0.5 C 0.7 D 1.0
[NJC H1 / MCQ / Q2]

12 Washing powder, Na2CO3.10H2O, loses some of its water of crystallisation when

exposed to the atmosphere. This process is known as efflorescence. When 3.17 g of washing powder was left in the open for some time, the mass of powder decreased to 2.17 g. The formula of effloresced washing powder is Na2CO3.xH2O. Determine the value of x. A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5
[HCI H1 / MCQ / Q1]

Questions involving Redox Titrations 13 In a redox experiment, 7.50 x 10-3 moles of YOx was needed to oxidize 3.75 x 10-3 moles of Na2SO3. The half-equation for the oxidation of sulphite ion is SO32 (aq) + H2O(l) SO42 (aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2e. If YOx was reduced to Y2+, determine the value of x. A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
[TPJC Promo 06 / MCQ / Q3] Pg 2 of 8

14 In an experiment, 12.50 cm3 of a 0.800 mol dm-3 solution of metallic salt reacted exactly with 40.00 cm3 of 0.100 mol dm-3 acidified KMnO4 (aq). The half equation for the reduction of MnO4- ion is shown below: MnO4- + 8H+ + 5e- Mn2+ + 4 H2O If the original oxidation number of the metal in the salt was 2, what would be the new oxidation number of the metal? A -1 B 0 C +3 D +4
[AJC Promo 06 / MCQ / Q3]

15 30 cm3 of 0.04 mol dm-3 hydroxylamine, NH2OH was found to react completely with

10 cm3 of 0.06 mol dm-3 of bromate (V), BrO3-. The half equation for the reduction of BrO3- is: BrO3+ 6H+ + 6e
-

Br

3H2O

Which one of the following could be the half-equation for the oxidation of hydroxylamine? A NH2OH B NH2OH + H2O C NH2OH + H2O D NH2OH + 2H2O NO + 3H+ + 3e

NO2 + 5H+ + 5e NO2 + 5H+ + 4e NO3- + 7H+ + 6e

[SRJC Promo 06 / MCQ / Q3]

16 25.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 KClO4(aq) required 150.0 cm3 of 0.25 mol dm-3 TiCl3(aq) to

reach end point. Given that Ti (III) ion is oxidized to Ti (V) ion in the reaction, which one of the following formulae could correctly represent the reduction product of ClO4ion? A ClB ClO2C ClO3D OCl[SRJC Promo 06 / MCQ / Q4]

17 Wines often contain a small amount of sulphur dioxide that is added as a preservative. The sulphur dioxide content of a wine is found by the following method: A 50 cm3 sample of white wine is reacted with 40.0 cm3 of 0.01 mol dm-3 of excess aqueous iodine. The sulphur dioxide in the wine is oxidized to sulphate, SO42-, in the process. The unreacted iodine requires exactly 23.60 cm3 of 0.02 mol dm-3 sodium thiosulphate for complete reaction. Determine the concentration of sulphur dioxide, in mol dm-3, in the wine. A 1.64 x 10-3 B 3.28 x 10-3 C 4.72 x 10-3 D 9.44 x 10-3
[HCI / MCQ / Q2]

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS 1(a) (i) A hydride of nitrogen, Q, contains 12.5% of hydrogen by mass. Calculate the empirical formula of Q. [1] When Q was heated very strongly, it decomposed into its elements. 10 cm 3 of Q gave 30 cm3 of products (volumes are measured under the same conditions). What is the molecular formula of Q and the oxidation state of nitrogen in Q? [2] Q is an unstable compound which will disproportionate to give two nitrogencontaining products when heated gently. The oxidation numbers of nitrogen
Pg 3 of 8

(ii)

(iii)

in the two products are 0 and -3 respectively. Write a balanced equation for the reaction and explain what is meant by disproportionation in this reaction. [2] (b) 25.0 cm3 of an aqueous solution containing 0.050 mol dm3 of an ion M3+(aq) was reduced using excess zinc, and the unreacted zinc removed. The resulting solution required 5.0 cm3 of an acidified solution of potassium manganate(VII) of 0.050 mol dm3 to restore M to its original +3 oxidation state. To what oxidation state was M3+ reduced by zinc? The half-equation for reduction of manganate(VII) ion is shown below. MnO4(aq) + 8H+(aq) + 5e Mn2+(aq) + 4H2O(l) [2]
] [SAJC/P2/1

Pg 4 of 8

2(a) The oxidation of Fe3+ ions by sodium chlorate(I), NaClO, in a strongly alkaline solution produces a purple solution from which a salt with the formula Na 2FeO4 can be isolated. Chloride ions are left in the solution. (i) Determine the oxidation state of iron in Na2FeO4. (ii) Suggest an ionic equation for the formation of FeO42 ion in the above reaction. [3]
)] [TJC/P3/1(b

3(a) When potassium nitrate, KNO3, is heated, it decomposes according to the equation: 2 KNO3(s) 2 KNO2(s) + O2(g) Calculate the maximum mass of potassium nitrite, KNO2, which could be obtained if 1.55g of KNO3 were fully decomposed by heat. [1] (b) Potassium nitrite, KNO2, can be oxidized to potassium nitrate, KNO3, by reacting it with acidified potassium manganate (VII). (i) Construct a half equation for the oxidation of NO2- to NO3-. [1] (ii) Hence, write a balanced equation for the reaction between KNO2 and KMnO4. [1] (c) Another 1.55g sample of KNO3 was partly decomposed by heating. The residue was dissolved in water and the volume of the solution made up to 250cm3. A 25.0cm3 portion of this solution was found to react, in acidic medium, with 28.90cm3 of 0.0150mol dm-3 KMnO4. (i) Calculate the mass of KNO2 present in the residue. [2] (ii) Use the result obtained in parts (a) and c(i) to calculate the percentage conversion of KNO3 to KNO2 in this experiment. [1]
] [TPJC/P2/1

4(a) 0.50 g of hydrated iron (II) sulphate (FeSO4.7H2O) was dissolved in dilute H2SO4 and titrated with 0.02 mol dm-3 potassium manganate(VII). What volume of potassium manganate (VII) was required to complete the titration? [3] (b) An ore contains 0.77% by mass of the mineral Cu 2S and no other copper minerals. Calculate the maximum mass of pure copper that could be produced from 5 tonnes of the ore. [1 tonne = 1000 kg] [2]
[CJC/P2/1(a),(b)]

5(a) Suggest a reason why magnesium gives the nitride, Mg 3N2, in addition to its oxide when burned in air. [2] A 1.00 g sample of powder obtained from burning magnesium in air was boiled in water. The ammonia that was evolved neutralised 12.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid. (i) Construct the balanced equations, for the production of magnesium nitride and its reaction with water. [2] (ii) Calculate the percentage of magnesium nitride in the 1.00 g sample of powder. [2]
Pg 5 of 8

(b)

[PJC/P2/5]

MCQ (Questions 1 17) 1. B 10. C

2. C

11. B

3. A

12. D

4. B

13. B

5. C

14. D

6. C

15. A

7. A

16. D

8. B

17. B

9. A

STRUCTURED QUESTIONS
1(a) (i) N: H = 87.5% ; 12.5% = 6.25 mol : 12.5 mol = 1 mol : 2 mol E.F. = NH2 (ii) (NH2)n (n/2 N2 + n H2) 10 cm3 30 cm3 1 mol 3 mol n : 1.5n = 1: 3 n=2 OR: Q decomposes into N2 and H2 (NH2)2 N2 + 2H2 10 cm3 10 cm3 20 cm3 M.F. = (NH2)2 = N2H4 O.S. of N = -2 (iii) 3N2H4 N2 + 4NH3 Pg 6 of 8

-2 0 -3 Disproportionation has occurred as Nitrogen in Q is oxidized from -2 to 0 and reduced from -2 to -3 simultaneously. (b) Mole of Mn+ = 0.05 x 25/1000 = 1.25 x 10-3 mol Mole of MnO4- = 0.05 x 5/1000 = 0.25 x 10-3 mol Mn+ : MnO4- = 1.25 x 10-3: 0.25 x 10-3 = 5: 1 OR: Mn+ : MnO4- = 25 : 5 = 5 : 1 Since 1 mole MnO4- accepts 5 e 5 e must be donated by 5 moles of Mn+ 5Mn+ 5M3+ + 5e Thus, n = 2, i.e. M3+ was reduced to M2+ or +2 oxidation state. 2 Oxidation state of iron in Na2FeO4 = +6 8OH- + Fe3+ FeO42- + 4H2O + 3e 2e + H2O + OCl- Cl- + 2OHOverall: 10OH- + 2Fe3+ + 3OCl- 2FeO42- + 5H2O + 3Cl3(a) (b) KNO3 KNO2 Maximum mass of KNO2 obtained = 85.1 / 101.1 x 1.55 (i) (ii) (c) (i) NO2- + H2O NO3- + 2 H+ + 2e2MnO4- + 5 NO2- + 6 H+ 2 Mn2+ + 5 NO3- + 3 H2O moles of KMnO4 reacted = 0.02890 x 0.0150 = 4.335 x 10-4 mol = 1.30 g

[SAJC/P2/1]

[TJC/P3/1(b)]

2MnO4- 5 NO2moles of KNO2 in 25.0 cm3 solution = 5/2 x (4.335 x 10-3) = 0.00108 mol moles of KNO2 in residue (250 cm3 solution) = 0.0108 mol mass of KNO2 in residue = 0.0108 x 85.1 = 0.922 g (ii) Percentage conversion of KNO3 = 0.922 / 1.30 x 100 % = 70.9 % [TPJC/P2/1] 4(a) No. of moles of Fe2+ 5Fe2+ MnO4No. of moles of MnO4Vol. of KMnO4 1.80 10 3 = 3.60 10 4 5 3.60 10 4 3 3 = = 0.0180 dm (18.0 cm ) 0.02 =

0.50 = = 1.80 10 3 277 .9

(b)

Mass of mineral in 5 tonnes of ore =

0.77 5000 = 38 .50 kg 100 2(63 .5) 38 .50 Maximum mass of Cu = 2( 63 .5 ) + 32 .1

= 30.73 kg [CJC/P2/1(a),(b)]

5(a) (b)

When magnesium is burnt, the energy evolved by formation of MgO is sufficient to break the NN bond in nitrogen and cause it to react with the magnesium forming Mg3N2. (i) (ii) 3Mg + N2 Mg3N2 Mg3N2 + 3H2O 2NH3 + 3MgO NH3 + HCl NH4Cl No. of moles of ammonia produced = 12/1000 x 0.5 = 6 x 10-3 No. of moles of magnesium nitride produced = 6 x 10-3 x 0.5 Pg 7 of 8

= 3 x 10-3 Mass of magnesium nitride produced = 3 x 10-3 x (24.3 x 3 + 14.0 x 2) = 0.3027 g Percentage of magnesium nitride = 0.3027/1.00 x 100% = 30.0 %

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