A warehouse, also known as a godown in Indian English, is a commercial building for storage of goods.

Warehouses are used by manufacturers, importers, exporters, wholesalers, transport businesses, customs, etc. They are usually large plain buildings in industrial areas of cities and towns. They usually have loading docks to load and unload goods from trucks. Sometimes warehouses load and unload goods directly from railways, airports, or seaports. They often have cranes and forklifts for moving goods, which are usually placed on ISO standard pallets loaded into pallet racks.

Nature of goods stored

Stored goods can include any raw materials, components, or finished goods associated with agriculture, manufacturing, or commerce. Cold storages preserve agricultural products at low temperature. Refrigerated storage helps in eliminating sprouting, rottage and tuber moth damage and in reducing weight loss of the agricultural produce. The edible products are generally not stored for more than one year. Warehousing Warehouses are scientific storage structures especially constructed for the protection of the quantity and quality of stored products. Importance

Scientific storage

The product is protected against quantitative and qualitative losses by the use of such methods of preservation as are necessary.

Financing

Warehouses meet the financial needs of the person who stores the product. Nationalized banks advance credit on the security of the warehouse receipt issued for the stored products to the extent of 75 to 80% of their value.

Price Stabilization

Warehouses help in price stabilization of agricultural commodities by checking the tendency to making post-harvest sales among the farmers.

Market Intelligence

Warehouses also offer the facility of market information to persons who hold their produce in them.

Functions

To acquire and build godowns and warehouses at suitable places in India. To run warehouses for the storage of agricultural produce, seeds, fertilizers and notified commodities for individuals, co-operatives and other institutions, To act as an agent of the govt. for the purchase, sale, storage and distribution of the above commodities. To arrange facilities for the transport of above commodities. To subscribe to the share capital of state Warehousing corporations and To carry out such other functions as may be prescribed under the Act. The Central Warehousing Corporation is running air-conditioned godowns at Calcutta, Bombay and Delhi, and provides cold storage facilities at Hyderabad. Special storage facilities have been provided by the Central Warehousing Corporation for the preservation of hygroscopic and fragile commodities. The corporation has also evolved techniques for the storage of spices, coffee, seeds and other commodities.

STORAGE AND WAREHOUSING Storage is an important marketing function, which involves holding and preserving goods from the time they are produced until they are needed for consumption.

The storage of goods, therefore, from the time of production to the time of consumption, ensures a continuous flow of goods in the market. Storage protects the quality of perishable and semi-perishable products from deterioration; Some of the goods e.g., woolen garments, have a seasonal demand. To cope with this demand, production on a continuous basis and storage become necessary; It helps in the stabilization of prices by adjusting demand and supply; Storage is necessary for some period for performance of other marketing functions. Storage provides employment and income through price advantages.