A Report of the project Submitted to the VISVESVARAYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, NAGPUR In partial fulfilment of the requirements of Bachelor

of Technology (Chemical Engineering)

Project On:

Study of beta-lactum antibiotics

To study the mass transfer kinetics namely, adsorption, dissolution and diffusion studies of beta-lactum antibiotics and mathematical modelling of these studies for the purpose of enhancing the synthesis of these antibiotics on a commercial scale.

Submitted By: SURAJ KHURANA PRIYANK JHA BT08CHE022 BT08CHE036 VNIT, NAGPUR VNIT, NAGPUR Supervisor:

PREM DASWANI BT08CHE035 VNIT, NAGPUR

Dr KAILASH.L.WASEWAR
(Associate Professor)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING VISVESVARAYA NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY NAGPUR 440010 (India) November 2011

Title:Study of -lactum antibiotics

Identification of Problem: -lactum is the most widely used antibiotic which consists of 4
groups namely: Penicillin, Cephalosporin, Carbapenen, and Monodactum. It is mainly useful in lung and throat infections. It is also useful in cellulitis- a subcutaneous tissue infection and septicemia a type of blood infection. PenicillinG Acylase has been evaluated for the synthesis of -lactum antibiotics from 6-amino penicillanic acid (APA) and 7-amino-3-deacetoxicephalosporanic acid (ADCA) like Amoxicillin and Cephalexin, being an interesting application of this hydrolytic enzyme in reactions of synthesis. Hence it will be useful to study the reaction kinetics of -lactum to optimize the production on both industrial and lab scale. For this purpose these reaction kinetics will be studied experimentally and mathematical modeling will be performed. We also plan to carry out the adsorption studies of 7-amino-3-deacetoxicephalosporanic acid (7-ADCA) cephalexin binary mixture in aqueous solution. Adsorption studies are important from the point of view of purification and synthesis of the hydrophilic by-products can be competitive for -lactum antibiotics, particularly the cephalosporingroup. Mathematical modeling is useful for optimization of catalyst and reactor design by considering catalyst enzyme loading and particle size as most important variables.

(Project Guide) Dr. K L Wasewar Department of Chemical Engineering Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology Nagpur 440010 (India)

PROJECT PHASE 1: Execution of Work Plan:

A thorough literature survey of related topics is currently being done. 1. For this purpose about 7 papers were extracted from various sources of which 3 papers were primarily studied.

Dissolution profile comparison of Cephalexin by dissolution kinetic studies and dissolution efficiency (ED%). Kinetics of -lactum antibiotics synthesis by penicillin G acylase (PGA) from the viewpoint of the industrial enzymatic reactor optimization. Batch reactor performance for enzymatic synthesis of Cephalexin, influence of catalyst enzyme loading and particle size.

2. A list of chemicals required for performing the various experiments involved was prepared. A brief list of chemicals required is as follows:

Cephalosporin C Cephalaxin 7-ADCA Penicillin Streptomycin Clavulanic acid Sodium Phosphate Sodium Acetate Sodium Chloride Sodium Carbonate

3. In process of purchasing glassware and chemicals for experimentation.

4. Currently analyzing the mathematical models for diffusivity and in process of finalizing the

models and writing the required programmes.