Seven unique features of E-commerce are as follows: Ubiquity - E-commerce technology is available everywhere.

Global Reach - E-commerce reaches international boundaries. Universal standards - There is one set of universal standards. Richness - Video, audio and text messages are possible. Interactivity - It works through interaction with users. Information density - It reduces information cost and increases the quality. Personalization/Customization - It allows personalized messages to be delivered to individuals.

A management information system (MIS) provides information which is needed to manage organizations efficiently and effectively.[1] Management information systems involve three primary resources: people, technology, and information or decision making. Management information systems are distinct from other information systems in that they are used to analyze operational activities in the organization.[2] Academically, the term is commonly used to refer to the group of information management methods tied to the automation or support of human decision making, e.g. decision support systems, expert systems, and executive information systems.[2]

A Decision Support System (DSS) is a collection of integrated software applications and hardware that form the backbone of an organizations decision making process. Companies across all industries rely on decision support tools, techniques, and models to help them assess and resolve everyday business questions. The decision support system is data-driven, as the entire process feeds off of the collection and availability of data to analyze. Business Intelligence (BI) reporting tools, processes, and methodologies are key components to any decision support system and provide end users with rich reporting, monitoring, and data analysis.

Digital signatures can be used to distribute a message in plaintext form when the recipients must identify and verify the message sender. Signing a message does not alter the message; it simply generates a digital signature string you can either bundle with the message or transmit separately. A digital signature is a short piece of data that is encrypted with the sender's private key. Decrypting the signature data using the sender's public key proves that the data was encrypted by the sender or by someone who had access to the sender's private key. Digital signatures are generated by using public key signature algorithms. A private key generates the signature, and the corresponding public key must be used to validate the signature. This process is shown in the following illustration.

There are two steps involved in creating a digital signature from a message. The first step involves creating a hash value (also known as amessage digest) from the message. This hash value is then signed, using the signer's private key. The following is an illustration of the steps involved in creating a digital signature.

seven unqiue features decision support system management info system document management system content management system library system records management system digital imaging system learning management system geographic info system advantages of MIS disadvantage of mis digital signature confidentiality nd encryption

Document management system (DMS)

The DMS is focused primarily on the storage and retrieval of self-contained electronic data resources in the document form. Generally, The DMS is designed to help the organizations to manage the creation and flow of documents through the provision of a centralized repository. The workflow of the DMS encapsulates business rules and metadata.
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Content management system (CMS)

The CMS assist in the creation, distribution, publishing, and management of the enterprise information. These systems are generally applicable on the online content which is dynamically managed as a website on the internet or intranet. The CMS system can also be called as web content management (WCM).
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Library management system (LMS)

Library management systems facilitate the library technical functions and services that include tracking of the library assets, managing CDs and books inventory and lending, supporting the daily administrative activities of the library and the record keeping.
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Records management system (RMS)

The RMS are the recordkeeping systems which capture, maintain and provide access to the records including paper as well as electronic documents, efficiently and timely.
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Digital imaging system (DIS)

The DIS assist in automation of the creation of electronic versions of the paper documents such as PDFs or Tiffs. So created Electronic documents are used as an input to the records management systems.
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Learning management system (LMS)

Learning management systems are generally used to automate the e-learning process which includes the administrative process like registering students, managing training resources, creating courseware, recording results etc.
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Geographic information system (GIS)

The GIS are special purpose, computer-based systems that facilitate the capture, storage, retrieval, display and analysis of the spatial data.

Advantages mis

It Facilitates planning : MIS improves the quality of plants by providing relevant information for sound decision making . Due to increase in the size and complexity of organizations, managers have lost personal contact with the scene of operations. 2. In Minimizes information overload : MIS change the larger amount of data in to summarized form and there by avoids the confusion which may arise when managers are flooded with detailed facts. 3. MIS Encourages Decentralization : Decentralization of authority is possibly when there is a system for monitoring operations at lower levels. MIS is successfully used for measuring performance and making necessary change in the organizational plans and procedures. 4. It brings Co ordination : MIS facilities integration of specialized activities by keeping each department aware of the problem and requirements of other departments. It connects all decision centers in the organization .

5. It makes control easier : MIS serves as a link between managerial planning and control. It improves the ability of management to evaluate and improve performance . The used computers has increased the data processing and storage capabilities and reduced the cost . 6. MIS assembles, process , stores , Retrieves , evaluates and Disseminates the information .

DISADVANTAGES 1.highly senstive requires constant monitoring. 2.buddgeting of MIS extremely difficult. 3.Quality of outputs governed by quality of inputs. 4.lack of flexiblity to update itself. 5.effectiveness decreases due to frequent changes in top management 6.takes into account only qualitative factors and ignores non-qualitative factors like morale of worker, attitude of worker etc...