WHAT IS BRONCHOPNEUMONIA?

an acute inflammation of the lungs and bronchioles, characterized by chills, fever, high pulse and respiratory rates, bronchial breathing, cough with purulent bloody sputum, severe chest pain, and abdominal distension. The disease is usually a result of the spread of infection from the upper to the lower respiratory tract, most common caused by the bacterium Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Staphylococcus pyogenes,or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Atypical forms of bronchopneumonia may occur in viral and rickettsial infections. The most common cause in infancy is the respiratory syncytial virus. Bronchopneumonia may lead to pleural effusion, empyema, lung abscess, peripheral thrombophlebitis, respiratory failure, congestive heart failure, and jaundice. Treatment includes administration of an antibiotic, oxygen therapy, supportive measures to keep the bronchi clear of secretions, and relief of pleural pain. Also called bronchial pneumonia,catarrhal pneumonia.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS The following are the common bronchopneumonia symptoms: Fever: Any body temperature that goes above 37C or 98.6F is considered fever already. In bronchopneumonia, fever may be a symptom for having the disease especially if it is accompanied by other symptoms such as colds, coughing, and difficulty in breathing. Cough: Coughing is a natural reaction of the body to the presence of certain elements that may irritate the throat. Moreover, coughing is very important to keep the throat and airway clean and clear, thus making breathing easy.

TREATMENT: It is depends on underlying cause. It includes rest, increasing fluid intake, anti-viral medications, antibiotics, cough suppressants, bronchodilator medications for wheezing, non-steroidal anti-imflammatory medications for pain and fever.

DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE:

NAME: PATIENT Y

AGE: 2y/o

GENDER: Female

ADDRESS: San Rafael Sto. Tomas Batangas

RELIGION: Catholic

MOTHER: MOMMY N

FATHER: DADDY M

DATE OF BIRTH: JUNE 8, 2009

CHIEF COMPLAINT: FEVER

ADMISSION DATE: 14-FEB-2012

HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: 3 days PTA (+) cough (+) nasal discharge 2 days PTA - (+) fever, (39.3 C) (+) cough Treatment: Paracetamol PAST HEALTH HISTORY: (+) asthma FAMILY HEALTH HISTORY: (+) asthma (father side) no other hereditary illness according to the mother.

ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING: Sleeping mostly at night and during afternoon Usually wakes up early in the morning (5AM) to be milkfed. Active, responsive BM (1-2 times a day) Likes to play with those around her

LABORATORY RESULTS COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT RBC OUTSIDE REF. RANGE 3.47L REF. RANGE 4.7-6.2 x12/L

Decreased RBC is usually seen in anemia of any cause w/ possible exception.

URINALYSIS pH pus cells OUTSIDE REF. RANGE 7.0 2-4 REF. RANGE 5.0-6.5 0-2

Low pH levels will mask the presence of nitrates in the urine. If the pH level tends to be alkaline, it is indicative of infection in the kidneys or urinary tract, side effect to drugs or even excess consumption of vegetables and fruits. Pus cells infection somewhere in urinary tract, quite possibly in bladder.

NURSING CARE PLAN

ASSESSMENT DIAGNOSIS PLANNING Hirap syang huminga dahil sa kakaubo nya As verbalized by the mother Objective: -dyspnea -use of accessory muscle when breathing -productive cough Ineffective airway clearance r/t secretions in bronchi. After 4 hours of nursing intervention, airway patency will be maintained, secretions will be readily expectorated and there will be signs of reduction in congestion

INTERVENTION RATIONALE Independent -Monitor and record vital signs -Encourage deep breathing exercise -for baseline comparison -promotes proper lung expansion

EVALUATION After 4 hours of nursing intervention, the goal is met through maintenance of airway patency and reduction in congestion

-proper -assist the positioning client to semi helps draining fowlers position secretion

Dependent -administer prescribed medications - Prescribed meds such as bronchodilators helps in aiding effective airway clearance. - Nebulization helps in liquefying secretions for better and faster expectorating the secretions

-provide supplemental humidification via nebulizer

BRONCHOPNEUMONIA
(CASE STUDY)

Submitted to: Ms. Celeste Miranda

Submitted by: Silva Jackielyn ( bsn 3-2)