1. A phase is a homogenous portion of the system that has uniform physical and chemical characteristics. 2.

The 3 micro structural characteristics for multiphase alloy: a. The number of phases present b. The relative portion of phases c. The manner in which the phases are arranged 3. Factors affecting microstructure of an alloy: a. What alloying elements are present b. The concentration of these alloying elements c. The heat treatment of the alloy 4. The system is considered at equilibrium in its most stable state that is its phase characteristics do not change over time. Thermodynamically, the condition for phase equilibrium is that the free energy of the system is a minimum for some sets of combination of temperature, pressure, and composition. 5. Metal stable systems are non equilibrium ones that persist indefinitely and experience imperceptible change with time. 6.

Eutectic

Isomorphous 7. Micro constituents are the microscopic metals or alloys the form after change of phase. Example pearlite and proeutectoid ferrite. 8. Terminal solid solutions are the solid that over composition ranges near the concentration extremities of the phase diagram ( alpha or beta) . Intermediate solid solutions (or intermediate phases) may be found at other than the two composition extremes. May at first appear formidable because there are some invariant points and reactions similar to the eutectic. discrete intermediate compounds rather than solid solutions may be found on the phase diagram, and these compounds have distinct chemical formulas; for metalmetal systems, they are called intermetallic compounds. 9. The Gibbs phase rule is P+F=C+N where P is the number of phases present F is the number of degree of freedom (externally controlled values) C is number of components in the system N is the number of non compositional variables 10. -iron is BCC and austenite is FCC 11. Iron (<0.008 wt%C) and steels (0.008 wt%C to 2.14 wt%C) and Cast Iron ( >2.14 wt%C)

12. Pearlite is made of The layers are the ferrite phase, and the cementite phase 13. (a) A hypoeutectoid alloy n an alloy system exhibiting a eutectoid, any alloy whose composition has an excess of base metal compared with the eutectoid composition, and whose equilibrium microstructure contains some eutectoid structure. Hypereutectoid systems exist below the eutectoid temperature. A hypereutectoid: In an alloy system exhibiting a eutectoid, any alloy whose composition has an excess of alloying element compared with the eutectoid composition, and whose equilibrium microstructure contains some eutectoid structure. (b) The proeutectoid phase is pearlite and (+Fe3C)

(c)