PROTECTION AND CONTROL OF LOW VOLTAGE MOTORS USED IN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS ABSTARCT

AIM: The main aim of this project is to protect and control of low voltage motors used in industrial applications. PURPOSE: As low voltage motors are critical assets in todays industrial applications this paper will review the applications of microcontroller-based protection and control on low voltage motors in industrial facilities.

BLOCK DIAGRAM: MONITORING SECTION:

POWER SUPPLY ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER MICRO CONTROLLER PC MAX 232

MOTOR SECTION:

LCD display

Power supply

Ground Fault Sensor Temperature Ground fault Sensor protection Voltage Sensor

Micro controller A D C ZIGBEE TRANSCEIVER

Current Sensor

Motor Driver

Main Power Supply

Motor

POWER SUPPLY:

Step Down Transformer

Bridge Rectifier

Filter Circuit

Regulator section

DESCRIPTION: In this project a ZIGBEE communication system was developed to monitor the operation conditions of single-phase induction motor. This system is based on a low-cost electronic device that can acquire and pre-process current, voltages, Ground fault and temperatures, and transmit processed key-information related to the motor operation conditions. Information about operating parameters of motor can be sent to a central processing unit allowing knowledge of key-information of the motor in the plant. The various parameter data is displayed on PC. This data can be used in the implementation of effective motor management strategies targeting motor efficiency optimization. By this project we can protect and control the motors in industrial applications. This project monitors the phase under voltage and over voltage conditions, Ground fault detection, Temperatures, current unbalance protection. Every low voltage motor is designed for a specific operating temperature depending upon its insulation. Once this limit is exceeded motor life decreases. The under voltage on a running motor with a constant load results in increased current, then motor gets heated. Relay picks up this condition and provides adequate protection. An overvoltage on a running motor with a constant load results in decreased current. However, iron losses increase, causing an increase in motor temperature. Relay pick up this condition and provides adequate protection.

A voltage imbalance in a motor implies that unequal line voltages are being applied to the motor. This can happen due to several reasons like unbalance supply, faulty operation of automatic power factor connection, uneven distribution of single phase load on the same feeder. However for small sized motors it is very often to have only current transformers (CT), it is better to directly measure current unbalance and protect the motor.

When motor stator windings become wet or otherwise suffer insulation deterioration, low magnitude leakage currents often precede complete failure and resultant destructive fault currents. Ground fault protection provides early detection of such leakage current, allowing the motor to be taken offline in time to limit motor damage.

SOFTWARE USED: 1) Embedded C Keil IDE {Keil implemented the first C compilerdesigned from the ground-up specifically for
the 8051 microcontroller. Integrated development environment. Keil provides a broad range of development tools like ANSI C compiler, macro assemblers,debuggers and simulators, linkers, IDE, library managers, real-time operating systems andevaluation boards for 8051, 251, ARM, and XC16x/C16x/ST10 families.

2) 3) ISP or U-Flash
the Internet. An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides access to

4) Express PCB
connectelectronic

A printed circuit board, or PCB, is used to mechanically support and electrically components using conductive pathways, tracks or signal

traces etched fromcopper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate.

HARDWARE COMPONENTS: Micro controller: In Microprocessor we have to connect external

RAM, ROM, I/o, Timers and interrupts by externally, where as in Microcontroller RAM, ROM,I/O, Timers serial communication all are in built in microcontroller, Microprocessor is used in Higher end Industrial projects where as Microcontroller can be used for lower end projects because processor can beconnected by external memory where as in controller it is fixed memory in some case we can add external memory also
1. 2. Power Supply 3. LCD 4. MAX 232 The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals. 5. Current and Voltage Sensors 6. ADC 7. Relay
A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically, but other operating principles are also used

8. Motor 9. Motor Driver circuit 10. Zigbee Module

ZigBee is a specification for a suite of high level communication protocols using small, low-powerdigital radios based on an IEEE 802 standard for personal area networks.

RESULT: By this project we can protect and control the low voltage motor in industrial applications.