The Social Teachings of the Church

Mr. Jasper T. Suquila, M.A.

Theology Instructor, Institute of Religion University of Santo Tomas

ABBREVIATIONS & REFERENCES:

CA Centesimus Annus (One Hundred Year After Rerum Novarum) by Pope John Paul II, Catholic Bishops Conference of the Phil. Canon Law, 1983. Ecclesia in Asia (Jesus Christ the Savior and His Mission of Love and Service in Asia) Pope John Paul II, 1999. Evangeli Nuntiandi (Evangelization Today) by Pope Paul VI, 1974. Evangelium Vitae (The Gospel of Life) by Pope John Paul II, 1995.

1991. CBCP CL EA by EN EV

ABBREVIATIONS & REFERENCES:

FC GS JW LE MM OA Familiaris Consortio (The Role of the Christian Family in the Modern World) by Pope John Paul II, 1981. Gaudium et Spes (Church in the Modern World) by Vatican Council II, 1965. Justice in the World by Synod of Bishops, 1971. Laborem Exercens (On Human Work) by Pope John Paul II, 1981. Mater et Magistra (Christianity and Social Progress) by Pope John XXIII, 1961. Octagesima Adveniens (A Call to Action) by Pope Paul VI, 1971. Secondary Plenary Council of the Phil., 1991.

PCP II -

ABBREVIATIONS & REFERENCES:

PEPE PEPP PP PT QA RH CBCPs Pastoral Exhortation on Philippine Economy, 1998. CBCPs Pastoral Exhortation on Philippine Politics, 1998. Populorum Progressio (On Development of Peoples) by Pope Paul VI, 1967. Pacem in Terris (Peace on Earth) by John XXIII, 1963. Quadragesimo Anno (On Social Concerns) by Pope Pius XI, 1931. Redemptor Hominis (Redeemer of Mankind) by Pope John Paul II, 1979.

ABBREVIATIONS & REFERENCES:

RN Rerum Novarum (The Condition of Labor) by Pope Leo XIII, 1891. Solicitudo Rei Socialis (Social Concerns of the Church) by Pope John Paul II, 1987. Tertio Millenio Adveniente (The Coming of the Third Millenium) by Pope John Paul II, 1994.

SRS TMA -

TWO POLES
JUDAEOCHRISTIAN DOCTRINE

HUMAN EXPERIENCE

JUDAEO - CHRISTIAN DOCTRINE

This refers to the teachings of the Church.

PCP

poor

II preferential option for the (Lk. 4:18)

HUMAN EXPERIENCE

the human cross of an unhappy distinction of being the most unsafe country in Asia. unsavory international distinction of having the most corrupt civil service and the most inefficient bureaucracy. economic deprivation power is concentrated to a few the cross of cultural underdevelopment wrong sense of gratitude

PROPOSAL OF CBCP

a COMMITMENT to the common good a COMMITMENT to honesty and integrity in public service a COMMITMENT to the right to property CONVERSION from consumerist mentality Have a PROFOUND UNDERSTANDING of the value of human work

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF UST? Hallmarks of UST: COMMITTED to the cause of TRUTH COMPASSIONATE to the people of God COMPETENT to proclaim the truth and love of God to His people.

APPROACH: Contextual Approach

CHRISTO-CENTRIC APPROACH: FAITH must be translated into ACTION

FACES OF CRISIS
poverty, injustices, war, calamities, soaring prices of basic commodities, transportation and fuel, maltreatment and abuses, etc.

IS THIS A REAL CHRISTIAN COMMUNITY?

THE CHURCH DREAMS OF INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS OF THE COMMUNITY WHO ARE: ALIVE AND LIFE-GIVING FREE AND FREEING RESPONSIVE AND RESPONSIBLE LOVING AND LOVABLE CARING AND COMMUNITY MINDED

OVER AND ABOVE ALL THIS:

The Church dreams of people becoming persons reflecting Gods image in themselves, their actions, their beings. The Church also dreams of a community that: 1. speaks and listens, 2. a community that discerns and decides together in implementing their decisions, 3. prays and celebrate their joys and sorrows together, 4. honestly looks at what they had done and failed.

SUMMARY OF PCP II: MAKATAO MAKABAYAN

MAKADIYOS MAKA-KALIKASAN

GOAL OF THE CHURCH:

To make all people, Christians or non-Christians, live in the spirit of charity, peace, justice and equality and with respect of the whole creation.

NAME: ______________________ COURSE/YR./SEC.: ____________

DATE: __________

1. Think about the present situation of the community where you live in and the situation of our country, then, answer, the following questions. (Give at least 2 characteristics for each.) a. When will your community be a real community of faith? b. When will the Philippines be a happy home for us Filipinos? 2. After answering the questions above, draw a symbol that depicts your dream community.

THE CHRISTIAN CONCEPT OF SALVATION

Salvation of From Through For : : : : the soul sin Gods grace Eternal life

1. Meaning of Salvation to the Israelites

Dt. 6:21-23 Dt. 26:2-13 Jos. 24:2-13 Lev. 26:4-13 Dt. 28:2-14 Ps. 136, 105, 106, 135, 78

Is. 2:2-5, 11:5-9 Amos 9:11-15 Ezekiel 36:22-32

THE CHRISTIAN CONCEPT OF SALVATION

Salvation of From : the total person : slavery, hunger, drought, lack
of land, discrimination, oppressions, death, etc.

Through : their collective struggle For : [economic] abundance, grapes,

rain, promised land; [political] freedom, liberty; [socio-cultural] children, peace, security, good relations

1. Meaning of Salvaton t te Israelites

Salvation is concrete and may be experienced here and now.

EVANGELII NUNTIANDI
Salvation is liberation from everything that oppresses human beings; but specially liberation from sin and the evil one; in the joy of knowing God and being known by Him. This liberation in the framework of the Churchs specific mission, cannot be contained in the simple and restricted dimension of economics, politics, social or cultural life; it must envisage the whole man, in all his aspects, right up to and including the openness to the absolute, even the divine absolute.

SOCIAL SIN
Sins in the form of sinful structures or institutions of the society or situation that promote sinful attitudes or behavior and the complicity of persons in the evils of society by activity or passively participating in these evils.

TYPOLOGIES OF SOCIAL SIN

Sinful Structures

Sinful Situations Sinful Attitudes

Sinful Structures
There are sinful social structures when there is habitual pattern of human interactions, infected by sin, selfishness, injustice, pride, greed. They perpetuate disvalues. They are inducements to sin and are formidable obstacle to Christian living. -PCP II #82-

Sinful Situations

They lead people to become greedy and selfish.

Sinful Attitudes
Attitudes of people who allow or directly participate in the evil that is being done against others. It also involves the sin of omission, i.e., the inaction of some people to prevent evil from taking place.

What is the cause of poverty?

The root problem is the gross unequal distribution of wealth. Some people have more than they need while the rest do not even the basic necessities of life.

You are not making a gift of your possessions to the poor person. You are handing over to him what is his. For what has been given in common for the use of all, you have arrogated to yourself. The world is given to all, and not only to the rich. PP #23

One of the greatest injustice of the contemporary world consists precisely in this: that the ones who possess much are relatively few and those who possess almost nothing are many. It is the injustice of the poor distribution of the goods and services originally intended for all. SRS #23

hat is the mission of the Church today?

The Church considers her mission as a continuation of the liberating mission of Christ.

at is the mission of the Church today?

Mission of Jesus Christ Mission of the Church

(Kingly)
Service for: Development Integral human development

(Priestly)
Prayer/worship for: Deeper Relationship with God

(Prophetic)
Proclamation of: Peace - founded on truth - built according to justice - practiced in freedom

hat is the mission of the Church today?

Indeed, the social mission of the Church is founded on the ministry and mission of Christ.

hat is the mission of the Church today? This mission gives the Church the duty and authority to teach and interpret the message of the Gospel to the present context and thereby guide and assist all people in the pursuit of their total salvation.

AS CHRISTIANS, WE SHOULD ALWAYS FOLLOW THE EXAMPLE OF CHRIST AND STAND FOR WHAT IS TRUE AND JUST. WE CANNOT MAKE A CHOICE. WE CAN NOT BE NEUTRAL. THE EXPRESSION OF OUR FAITH SHOULD ALWAYS BE PREFERENTIAL, NEVER NEUTRAL. And this faith can only be expressed and must be expressed through our social, economic, political and cultural involvement here and now.

Four-step cycle of Christian praxis

1. Experience

4. Planning / action

PRAYER

2. Social analysis

3. Theological reflection

PCP II #275 This conversion and social transformation is not just one moment of definitive change. It is a lifelong task, striving from the less perfect to the ever more perfect, from death to life, from life to ever fuller life.

Name: ______________________ Course/Year/Section: __________

Date: __________

What are your responsibilities to the society and/or to the Church? List down 5 of your primary responsibilities and give the reasons why you consider them as the most important ones. Responsibilities
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Reasons

What other tasks, aside from preaching, catechesis and administration of sacraments are being done in your community in order to spread the Gospel?

STEP I: The Filipino Experience (Signs of the Times) The Philippines is branded as a disaster prone area:

Tskkk Ahhh!!! ???

it belongs to the ring of fire

STEP I: The Filipino Experience (Signs of the Times)

The Ring of Fire is a zone of frequent earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that encircles the basin of the Pacific Ahhh!!! Ocean. It is shaped like a horseshoe and it is 40,000 km long. It is associated with a nearly continuous series of oceanic trenches, island arcs, and volcanic mountain ranges and/or plate movements. It is sometimes called the circumPacific belt or the circum-Pacific seismic belt. 90% of the world's earthquakes and 81% of the world's largest earthquakes occur along the Ring of Fire. The next most seismic region (5-6% of earthquakes and 17% of the world's largest earthquakes) is the Alpide belt which extends from Java to Sumatra through the Himalayas, the Mediterranean, and out into the Atlantic. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is the third most prominent earthquake belt.

STEP I: The Filipino Experience (Signs of the Times)

STEP I: The Filipino Experience (Signs of the Times)

STEP I: The Filipino Experience (Signs of the Times) The Philippines is branded as a disaster prone area:

Tskkk Ahhh!!! ???

part of the Philippines, particularly the eastern part in the Pacific Ocean is called the cradle of typhoons

STEP I: The Filipino Experience (Signs of the Times)

STEP I: The Filipino Experience (Signs of the Times)

Manila - The fourth devastating super typhoon in as many months battered the Philippines, setting off a volcanic mudslide and widespread flooding that killed at least 109 people and left dozens more missing, officials said on Friday. Glen Rabonza, head of the national office of civil defence, said 200 body bags were being shipped to the disaster zone at the request of provincial officials. With power and phone lines downed by powerful winds, helicopters were carrying out aerial surveillance of cut-off areas. "Our rescue teams are overstretched rescuing people on rooftops," Rabonza said after President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo was briefed on the storm's aftermath.

Signs of the Times

Sources of Hope Economy Socio-Cultural Environment Political

Education

Sources of Hope
the unwavering faith of the Filipino people

Sources of Hope
the increasing social awareness and concern for social change and development

Sources of Hope
the commonalities that exist among different cultures

Sources of Hope
the growing number of NGOs and POs

Name: ______________________ Course/Year/Section: __________

Date: __________

A writer wrote that the Filipino culture is a damaged culture characterized by a failure in nationalism, total devotion to those within the circle, total war to those outside, a contempt for the public good, submission to doctrine and authority and national ambition to change nationality. How do you react to this? Do you agree with him? Why?

STEP II: Social Analysis (A Tool for Social Transformation)

Social analysis is the effort to fully understand a particular social situation. It serves as a tool that permits us to grasp the reality with which we are dealing.

Octagesima Adveniens (Call to Action)

It is up to Christian communities to analyze with objectivity the situation which is proper to their own country, to shed in it the light of the Gospels unalterable words and to draw principles or reflection, norms of judgment, and directives of action from the social teaching of the Church. (O.A. #4)

PCP II (Art. 22 #1)

A thorough social analysis, structural and cultural, is to be promoted more intensely in the process of building up discerning communities of faith, precisely to the end that their efforts at social transformation take into account hard social realities and carried through from a genuine perspective of faith.

Social Analysis

Objective Dimension

Subjective Dimension

various organizations and institutions

consciousness, values, ideologies, attitudes of the members of society

Social Analysis

Historical Analysis

Structural Analysis

It is a study of the changes of a social system through time.

It is a study of what is happening to a particular structure.

Limitations of Social Analysis

1 2

It is not designed to provide an immediate answer to the question, What do we do? It is not a guideline that gives us a step by step solution to the problem. It is simply like a diagnosis to a sickness than the treatment. It does not provide a cure.

Name: ______________________ Course/Year/Section: __________

Date: __________

Give the first five most important social issues that the Church must address today. Rank them from 1-5. Give the reason for your ranking and the possible cause/s of these issues. Issues
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Reason/s

Cause/s

What do you suggest that the Church leaders should do in order to respond to these issues?

STEP III: Fruits of Theological Reflection

What does my faith tell me to do As a member of the Church, what am I supposed to do What is my mission What does the Church magisterium say about the issue

1. The Nature and Development of the Churchs Social Teaching STC is the entire teaching of the ecclesiastical magisterium that applies revealed truth and Christian moral principles to the social order. It applies the Gospel message to social reality. The purpose of the Churchs social teaching is to present to all human beings Gods plan for secular reality.

BEST KEPT SECRET

STC is at the heart of who we are and what we believe in and therefore, should be proclaimed and shared effectively. It should not remain a secret.

GOD (Yahweh)
DIVINE LAW
Natural Law Adam & Eve Abraham

ISRAELITES

JESUS CHRIST
SACRED TRADITION

Human Experience and Reason SACRED SCRIPTURES

CHURCH
MAGISTERIUM

SOCIAL TEACHING OF THE CHURCH

Papal Pronouncements

matters of faith
Apostolic Letters

Encyclicals

CCL
Canon Law
Synod of Bishops LOCI OF MAGISTERIAL TEACHING Ecumenical Council

SOCIAL TEACHING OF THE CHURCH

Meeting of all bishops under the leadership of the Pope

CONTENT OF THE SOCIAL TEACHING OF THE CHURCH

TRUTH
STC contains truth, both moral and religious truth that Christians have to know and believe.

PRINCIPLES

VALUES
These are what Christians have to respect, defend and cherish.

Principles are what one has to do or put into practice.

HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL TEACHINGS OF THE CHURCH

Rerum Novarum
Condition of Labor ISSUES

XIII

Pope Leo
May 1891 RESPONSES

Production is controlled by a few

Fix limits of private possession by the industry of men and the peoples Recall that just ownership of money is distinct from just use: - challenge the rich to give to poor; bind state to serve common good. Promote trade associations and just wages Call the Church to unite the rich and the poor.

Concentrated wealth promotes greed

Masses are destitute Inhuman conditions exist

Rerum Novarum
Condition of Labor ISSUES

XIII

Pope Leo
May 1891 RESPONSES

Decline of morals causes conflict Socialism rejects private property Socialism favors class warfare theory Recognize that private property is a right and stabilizer of society Encourage equitable relations between capital and labor.

Quadragesimo Anno Pope Pius XI

Reconstructing Social Order ISSUES
Free competition has destroyed itself Wealth is concentrated Economic dictatorship controls investment and credit Economic instability leads to loss of morals Public authority is slave to mens greed

May 1931 RESPONSES

Bring competition under public authority Share superfluous wealth Seek just distribution of created goods Apply laws of Christian moderation and charity Promote international cooperation in economic life

Quadragesimo Anno Pope Pius XI

Reconstructing Social Order ISSUES
Communism seeks class warfare and extermination of private property Workers are non-owning and receive unjust wages

May 1931 RESPONSES

Encourage partnership in ownership or management, reserve certain kinds of property to the state Give workers just wages

Mater Et Magistra John XXIII

Christianity ISSUES Progress & Social
Private enterprise and the state are for the common good Agriculture is a depressed sector of the economy Remuneration of work must be just Private property holders have social responsibility

Pope
May 1961 RESPONSES
Support the state in promoting the economy for the benefit of all citizens Make an effort to develop industry and agriculture as regards technological progress Foster the expression and value of the individual Aid less-developed countries

Mater Et Magistra John XXIII

Christianity ISSUES Progress & Social
Prosperous and poor nations grow more divergent Christian social doctrine is an integral part of Christian life

Pope
May 1961 RESPONSES
Communicate a strong, Christian social doctrine Affirm employee profit-sharing policies Encourage effective safeguards against monopolization

Pacem in Terris John XXIII

Peace of Earth ISSUES
Nuclear war is constant fear Armaments are continually increasing Present governments are inadequate to promote universal common good

Pope
April 1963 RESPONSES
Establish peace on mutual trust Agree on disarmament with effective controls Set up world-wide authority bases on subsidiary

Gadium Et Spes Vatican II

Church in the Modern World ISSUES
Economic inequalities are immense Hunger, poverty, illiteracy torment huge proportion of worlds citizens and foster discputes Abundance of wealth and resources enjoyed by few Nuclear war remains a threat

December 1965 RESPONSES

Change modern world commerce radically Work for political and economic decisions which conform to human dignity Urge state to distribute goods fairly, especially insufficiently cultivated estates
End arms race with disarmaments backed by adequate and workable safeguards

Gadium Et Spes Vatican II

Church in the Modern World ISSUES
Human interdependent in the world is growing Lack of true Christianity contributes to atheism

December 1965 RESPONSES

Establish international community with subsidiarity
Challenge Christians to take seriously their temporal duties activated by justice and love

Populorum Progressio Pope Paul VI

Development of Peoples ISSUES
Pernicious opinions held about economics: profit as chief incentive in economic development profit as chief incentive in economic development private ownership of means of production as an absolute right with neither limits nor social duty

May 1967 RESPONSES

Remind more affluent of their duties: give assistance to development of poorer nations improve trade relations according to social justice do not allow own progress to hinder others development Expropriate if necessary for common good

Octogessima Adveniens Pope Paul VI

Call to Action ISSUES
Flagrant inequalities exist in the economic, cultural and political development of the nations Every social ideology contains possible ambiguities Modern economy creates new problems: fairness in exchange of goods and division of wealth; sharing of responsibility

May 1971 RESPONSES

Revise the relationships between nations: international division of production; structure of exchanges; control of profits Allow each country to promote its own development Share responsibility and decision-making

Synod Statement of Bishops

Justice in the World ISSUES
Injustices building a network of domination, oppression, and abuses around the world Wealth, power, decision-making in the hands of few Arms race is threatening mans highest good - life

Synod
November 1971 RESPONSES
Ratify and adhere to U.N. Declaration of Human Rights Recognize right to development composed both of economic growth and participation Support international organizations capable if restraining armaments race, discouraging trade in weapons, and settling conflicts by peaceful methods

Synod Statement of Bishops

Justice in the World ISSUES
Richer nations increasing high rates of consumption Marginal people increasing because of rapid growth in population and labor force, lack of agrarian reform, and massive migratory flow to cities

Synod
November 1971 RESPONSES
Proclaim, educate, and witness to justice at all levels Recognize individual and social sin Foster aims of second development decade

Laborem Exercens Paul II

On Human Work ISSUES
General situation of man in the modern world brings the problem of unemployment; conditions of shameful and unworthy poverty Work is treated as a sort of merchandise

Pope John
May 1981 RESPONSES

Calls for the discovery of the new meaning of human work to ensure authentic progress by man and society The concept mans dominion over the earth should go over the heart of ethical and social question, a central place in the whole sphere of social and economic policy. Continuous study of the subject of work and the subjects living conditions

Wide ranging anomaly that gave rise to the worker question sometimes described as proletariat question

Laborem Exercens Paul II

On Human Work ISSUES
Rising conflict between labor and capital

Pope John
May 1981 RESPONSES

Priority of labor over capital as opposed to the economistic and materialistic thought Respect and promotion of the rights of workers just wages, trade unions, ownership

The question of finding work for all who are capable of it.

The agents defined here as indirect employer must make provision for overall planning International collaboration in planning and organizing labor Provide work for disabled person

Thank You!