Methodology includes (research designs, samples, sites, measures, methods of analysis)

Difference Between Research Methods and Research Methodology Research Methods vs Research Methodology Research Methods and Research Methodology are two terms that are often confused as one and the same. Strictly speaking they are not so and they show differences between them. One of the primary differences between them is that research methods are the methods by which you conduct research into a subject or a topic. On the other hand research methodology explains the methods by which you may proceed with your research. Research methods involve conduct of experiments, tests, surveys and the like. On the other hand research methodology involves the learning of the various techniques that can be used in the conduct of research and in the conduct of tests, experiments, surveys and critical studies. This is the technical difference between the two terms, namely, research methods and research methodology. In short it can be said that research methods aim at finding solutions to research problems. On the other hand research methodology aims at the employment of the correct procedures to find out solutions. It is thus interesting to note that research methodology paves the way for research methods to be conducted properly. Research methodology is the beginning whereas research methods are the end of any scientific or non-scientific research. Let us take for example a subject or a topic, namely, employment of figures of speech in English literature. In this topic if we are to conduct research, then the research methods that are involved are study of various works of the different poets and the understanding of the employment of figures of speech in their works. On the other hand research methodology pertaining to the topic mentioned above involves the study about the tools of research, collation of various manuscripts related to the topic, techniques involved in the critical edition of these manuscripts and the like. If the subject into which you conduct a research is a scientific subject or topic then the research methods include experiments, tests, study of various other results of different experiments performed earlier in relation to the topic or the subject and the like. On the other hand research methodology pertaining to the scientific topic involves the techniques regarding how to go about conducting the research, the tools of research, advanced techniques that can be used in the conduct of the experiments and the like. Any student or research candidate is supposed

to be good at both research methods and research methodology if he or she is to succeed in his or her attempt at conducting research into a subject.

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Important

Methodology: Technical procedures for carrying out the study must be explained in a manner appropriate for the reader. It may be useful to supplement the material in this section with more detailed explanation in the appendix. This part of the report should address seven topics: 1. Research design: Was the study exploratory, descriptive, or causal? A specific strategy was used to conduct this study. Why was this particular design suited to the study? 2. Data collection methods: Did the data come from primary sources or secondary sources? How the primary data were collected survey, experiment, observation? It is possible that multiple techniques may have been used all these have to be explained. 3. Sample design: What was the target population? What sampling frame was used? What type of sampling was used? What was the selection procedure used? 4. Instrument(s) of data collection: What instrument(s) of data collection was (were) used? Why a particular instrument was selected? Include a copy of each instrument in the appendix. 5. Fieldwork/data collection: How many and what type of fieldworkers were used? What training and supervision did they receive? How was the quality control assured? 6. Analysis: How was the analysis carried out? How was the data reduction handled? Tell about the scoring scheme used. Outline the statistical methods applied for the analysis of the data. 7. Limitations: No report is perfect, so it is important to indicate the reports limitations. If there

were problems with non-response error or sampling procedures, they should be discussed. The discussion of limitations should avoid overemphasizing the weaknesses. Its aim should be to provide a realistic basis for assessing the results.