JITENDRA SURVE

PIPING GUIDE

03/04/03

STRESS ANALYSIS
LAYOUT SOLUTIONS FOR THERMAL LOADS

For piping connected to nozzles of pumps or other equipments, the stress analysis concerns with finding out the length of perpendicular piping required to absorb the expansion of concerned piping span using nomo-graphs and checking whether sufficient absorbing length is available or not. Routing pipe to satisfy thermal criteria usually involves adding more absorbing legs and reducing the number of guides and anchors, which makes the system looser, and therefore lowers the system stress. Two separate nomographs for pumps and other equipments are used.

To enter the nomograph, the data required is: 1. Total thermal expansion of the concerned span. 2. Allowable loading on the nozzle. 3. Type of equipment. (Pump or other to decide nomograph used). 4. NPD of pipe. Step 1: Calculate total thermal expansion of piping span Determine the temperature to use. Determine the material of pipe. Determine the thermal growth between the anchors for each global direction (north-south, east-west and up-down) using growth chart.

Temperature to use Choosing correct temperature is critical. For preliminary layout purposes, use the operating temperature for piping attached to rotating equipment nozzles. For other piping systems, use maximum upset temperatures. Initially, if correct temperatures are not available, use PFD shown temperatures. Design temperature shown on pieces of equipment are too conservative. Find out growth Use growth chart, design temperature and material of pipe. Growth per 100 linear ft of pipe determined.

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JITENDRA SURVE

PIPING GUIDE

03/04/03

Step 2 : Calculate allowable loading on Nozzle. Use equipment manufacturers published allowable loads. If not available at the planning stage of the layout, make assumptions as: 1. Material : Carbon Steel (CS) Rotating Equipment Nozle o Max allowed load: 200lb X Nominal nozzle size. (Upto maximum of 2000 lb). o Example: 2, 300# RF, CS nozzle: 200 X 2 = 400 lb. o Example: 18 150# RF, CS nozzle: 200 X 18 = 3600 lb (Exceeds 2000 lb hence use 2000 lb). 2. Material : Cast iron (CS) Equipment Nozzle o Max allowed load: 50lb X Nominal nozzle size. (Upto maximum of 500 lb). o Example: 4 , 125# FF, CI nozzle 50 X 4 = 200 lb. o Example: 12 , 250 # FF, CI nozzle 50 X 12 = 600 lb, use 500 lb. Using the Nomograph Mark total thermal expansion of the span on Total thermal expansion line. Mark allowable nozzle load on the Force line. Connect two points to get point on Pivot line. Mark NPD of pipe on the Nominal pipe diameter line. Connect pivot point and NPD point to get point on Pipe length line. This is the leg required to absorb expansion of the span.

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JITENDRA SURVE

PIPING GUIDE

03/04/03

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