(PREPARED BY RABIA NASREEN.

ROLL#006)

:Learning in the learning organization:

Introduction:
Information is rapidly growing day by day and humans are not able to cope with the growth of information.technical support is also needed for various purposes of information selection,process planning and decision support is needed. Learning is the key to successsome would even say survivalin todays organizations. Knowledge should be continuously enriched through both internal and external learning. For this to happen, it is necessary to support and energize organization,people, knowledge,and technology for learning. Learning of an organization is now needed and information and communication technology(ICT) is very useful for the training of the personnel as it saves time,there has been a decline of training budget and it also deliver more valuable training for less money only if it is a part management system.the training of the employees are required and increasing day by day.different courses are launched for this purpose on E-LEARNING basis.Online learning is now become more effected way of learning.

1.Knowledge,technology,strategy:
Now the trends has been changed,several years ego it is considered that information and communication tehnology(ICT) is a lifeblood for an organizations productivity.but from the recent senerio it will proved wrong and are see that computerization is not more crucial for productivity.Now we can say that its just a support for the growth of the business but not compulsary one. If we overview the banking sector we can find that banking sector we can find that different training programs for their employees from basic skills to high end management and technical skills training and with the help of electronic performance the work become more time and cost effective and logistics. Some German banks who use web based training and reduces their face to face training and now facing the high costs as compared to past. Banks are spending 6% of their personnel budget for training but 15-30% of their administrative and operational budgets for information and communication technology (ICT). In different universities it is also observed it is also observed that E-Learning increases in productivity because o investment in ICT itself does not create values,values are created by its goal-oriented applications in enterprises .here.

Reference :figure#1

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT:
Knowledge management is conceived as an internal service which helps to collect, distributes, use and evaluate explicit knowledge which can be represented in ICT structured. The idea of a KM system is to enable employees to have ready access to the organization documented base of facts, sources of information and solutions ,for examplea typical claim justifying the creation of a KM system might run something like this , an engineer could know the metallurgical composition of an alloy that reduces

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sound in gear system,sharing this information organization wide can lead to more effective engine design and it could also lead to ideas for new and improved equipment.here.

Referance:figure#2,figure#3

2.WEB BASED LEARNING:E LEARNING:

E-learning comprises all form of electronically. supported learning and teaching. The Information and communication systems, whether networked or not, serve as specific media to implement the learning process. The term will still most likely be utilized to reference out-of-classroom and in-classroom educational experiences via technology, even as advances continue in regard to devices and curriculum. Environment for using multimedia is very important for the efficient use of the multimedia.the success of an organization is largely depends on the use of the media nor itself the media.proper system is required in which this media can be applicable. Web based learning is very important among different aspects we can check it in the. Reference:figure#4 In this diagram we can check that how different organization uses electronic media their field. Web-based learning environments are a great asset only if they are designed well and used as intended. The urgency to create courses in response to the growing demand for online learning has resulted in a hurried push to drop PowerPoint notes into Web-based course management systems (WBCMSs), devise an electronic quiz, put together a few discussion questions, and call it a course. My mentor once quipped that "good learners will learn, in spite of our bad learning environments." Nevertheless, instructors cannot expect that all students will have the skills to navigate online courses and learn within them, particularly if they are only digital reincarnations of poor face-to-face learning environments and practices.

3-LEARNING ORGANIZATION AND ORGANIZATION LEARNING:

Learning organization and organization learning is a combination of two words , first is learning , which means comparatively lasting change in behavior ,it includes exploring and investing new things,being curious and learning the routine , on the other hand ORGANIZATION means maintaining standards and routine .the meaning of both words learning and organization are contradiction of each other .so they form a so called oxymoron which means contradiction in terms to reconcile this unfortunate couple .there are several approaches such as . -when comprehending organization as a rule describing know how and know why.organization learning is a way through that the employees of the organization learn the social system and formal framework of the organization. After the discussion we conclude that organization learning is a characteristic of adoption organization,i-e an organization that is able to sense changes in signals from its environment. It is essential to hold a balance of old and new personnel serial relationships support the organization but at the same time innovations are prohibited.social relations tend to stabilize within a few months only,but an organization can only earn by leaving familiar paths.here. Reference:figure#5 We can define the organization learning in a learning cyclethat includes following elements or factors 1-observation 2-assessment 3-design 4-implementation And these all 4 steps in combined form called (OADI).

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Another aspect that is required for the organization learning is DOUBLE LOOP. In a recent study the German company unicmind.com surveyed the top 350 German companies 90%of the organization employ E-learning,such as computer based training but only 25% use WBT . E-learning is implemented in order to reduce costs,where in order to reduce costs,where knowledge management is implemented to exploit the knowledge resources optimally.these project are normally initiated by the H.R department but the system is used by the marketing department.if E-learning process is adopted then there is a growth in satisfaction and self-sufficiency as well as in the identification with the enterprise.this also create an informal relation rather then a formal onehere.. Reference:figure#5

Psychological point of view:

A psychological point of view is that leaning is only possible and sensible when there is a learning objectives or learning task to distinguish the continuous change of mental processes from specific learning processes. Thus we can say that learning is a relative change in visible or potential behavior acquired by a person through by an individual,through experience .learning is not only verbally describing fact or knowledge.Neither it is detrmined by observation and imitation learning is also to enhance ones own potential and abilities.

4:The market of knowledge application:

JOHN CHAMBERS stated: investing into technology was the first wave, investing in services is the second wave, E-learning will be the third wave The traditional ways of educating are now no longer adequate to meet the needs of life long learning,even where available ,the quality of education does not meet the high standards of international business. Therefore,electronic distance education will become a major source for ongoing education in the international knowledge-based economy. According to a German economical survey about 75% of all employees participated in training courses ,this percentage increased about 10% during the course of the study at the same time,the educational budget were reduced by nearly 10%.here.. Reference :figure#6 Most organization focus on the personnel and training.such as SAP human resourse modules,peoplesoft or SABA just to mention a view of them.the knowledge economy is not so much about information it is about people. To motivate the staff for life long learning is a key success factor of any organization ,an organization cannot make progress without this factor.the past thinking was that a good administrator is wel enough for an organization but nowadays effective personnel marketing and active personnel development is needed.

5-Knowledge and abilities:

the only capital an organization is the knowledge and skills of its people.how productive this capital is depends on how efficiently people share what they know with those who can put that knowledge to good use internationally acknowledge and XM-based standards for the description of knowledge products are being developed for E-learning .the most important standards is learning object metadata(OM). There are several providers for software and especially in the development and management of skills.as with learning organization the word development conjurses up a variety of different meanings.what follows are three different development strategies to consider .they are alike in that they are based on a commitment to creating an environment that will allow people to develop skills,knowledge and capabilities over time.they differ in the intensity of the linkage between individual and organizationa development,the emphasis placed on members development by the organization ,and the alignment between business strategy,human resorce strategy and stage theories of adult development.With the approach organizations realize and acknowledge that employees expanding potential knowledge and skills are central to organizational success organization modify processes and practices to enhance peoples abilities to be in a learning mode and to focus on

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continuous learning and selfing development we focus knowledge experience and insight on clients problems and our solutions are learned once.

6-Psychological factors of success:

BILL GATES ,a successful individual,once claimed that in the modern era the modern technologies of information and communication will be by nervous system,this is a correct concept from 1997 to 1998,the university of karlsuhe surveyed 47 enterprice and 58 persons regarding factors of success and failure which they knew by the inutation the result is summarized in. Reference:figure#8 They extract the following points from their study: =conflicts and essential ,you cant avoid them. =conflicts should be openly discussed in order to cope with them,and conflicts should never be avoided. =to avoid conficts ,there should be a good dynamic team with open manner and lesser conflicts. =American citizens are accustomed to an open direct way of managing conflicts. =in Germany the presence of conflicts is commonly appreciated and it has less effect on the success and satisfaction of team members. THEORY X: The workers should be motivated by external reward and control. THEORY Y: Workers seek development and confirmation of theirselves at their working place and so they try to do their work successfully.

X and y theories by mcGREGOR:

Social theory:

At their working places,the workers seek their comfort , respect and social contects ,therefore they will try to do their work in away,that will give them comfort in their environment. An this survey 10% support theory Y,40%support theory X AND 40% SOCIAL THEORY. This result gives importance to self development and responsibility.10% have gained agreement with the enterprises goals of social earning.5% had chosen the enterprise and more than 50%of the employees disagree totally with the enterprises goals. There is a fear of failure if one doesnt fee fit for the tasks,and there is the fear of success,if the worker fears,then the results will be opposite.the success of electronic communication is highly effected by specialists .if experts and seniors participate ,both activity an drop-off rates are considerably higher. Information and communication technologies have led the fact,that local and temporal distances are of less importance ,it is take that one-site teams relying on face to face communication and on-line teams which only communicate by computers ,if the management encourage the group and gives motivation,then this will enhances the communication .so in a LO technologies must imply. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------