IHG Green Engage-Solutions-Issued Feb 1 2011

IHG Green Engage/Solutions
Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011

Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Acknowledgements
Green Engage/Soluons is our comprehensive online
sustainability system. It tells our hotels what they can
do to be a green hotel and gives them the means to
conserve resources and save money by measuring,
managing and reporng on their hotel energy, water
and waste consumpon, as well as their community
impacts.
This metric has been reviewed and endorsed,
both internally to IHG and by external third party
organisaons. Actual IHG hotel data has been used in
the technical analysis which informed items included
in this nal dra, and feedback from inial users has
been incorporated. Many thanks go to those who have
contributed and collaborated in the evoluon of this
system making it such a success and industry game
changer.
Quesons can be directed to the CSR team in Denham,
UK.
3 Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Table of Contents
Introduction i
Process ii
Credit Category Overview iv
Impact Chart Users Guide vi
Energy Savings vii
New Hotels Certiication Levels ix
New Hotels Checklist xi
Existing Hotels Certiication Levels xii
Existing Hotels Checklist xiv
Action Groups 1-72
Operations and Process 1-10
Energy 11-24
Building Envelope 25-30
Mechanical 31-42
Water 43-51
Waste 52-57
Products and Materials 58-65
Site 66-72
Glossary 73-78
APPENDIX A: Existing Hotels Energy Analysis
APPENDIX B: New Hotels Energy Analysis
APPENDIX C: LEED Documentation
i Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Purpose
The purpose of this guide is to idenufy appropriate
sustainable building criteria, technologies and
operauonal guidelines for IHG hotels this is our green
baseline. This work builds on our measurement eorts
(IHG Green Measure) by guiding our eort to reduce
what we have measured.
Our green base line is made acuonable via the
prerequisite acuons enumerated in this guide.
Sustainable design and operauons provides safer,
healthier, more comfortable hotels with reduced
environmental, cost and societal impacts.
Designing and operaung a hotel to be sustainable
demonstrates a strong commitment to our guests, the
environment and the future of the planet.
Deinition of Sustainability
Sustainability is about planning for the long term. This
means balancing environmental, economic, and social
demands.
Corporate Responsibility
This is about how companies respond to the
sustainability challenge and how this response impacts
the top and bouom line.
Action Groups (AGS)
In order to achieve the sustainability goals for future
resort/ hotels, eight dierent categories of acuon
groups have been idenued.
These categories are:
Site
Water
Products & Materials
Waste
Building Envelope
Mechanical
Electrical
Operauon & Process
This guideline describes and recommends various design
and operauon strategies and technologies for each of
these categories.
The intent of each Acuon Group is to auempt to comply
with one or more of the following:
Reduce energy consumpuon
Reduce water consumpuon
Reduce carbon footprint
Improve guest health and comfort
Reduce operaung and maintenance costs
Raise guest and sta awareness of sustainable
development
The issue of how best to manage energy costs has
also been addressed in the development of IHG Green
Engage/Soluuons. These acuons are covered in the
energy secuon in the appendix of the guide. The guide
adjusts the acuons to dierent climauc regions.
The four climates considered are: Hot-Humid, Arid,
Temperate and Cold-Alpine. Each Acuon Group is
analysed for its climate appropriateness and sustainable
building performance.
i Introduction i
TEXT PENDING FROM IHG
demonstrates a strong commitment to our guests, the demonstrates a strong commitment to our guests, the
environment and the future of the planet. environment and the future of the planet.
Reduce carbon footprint Reduce carbon footprint
Improve guest health and comfort Improve guest health and comfort
Reduce operaung and maintenance costs Reduce operaung and maintenance costs
Raise guest and sta awareness of sustainable Raise guest and sta awareness of sustainable
ii Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Process ii
TEXT PENDING FROM IHG TEXT PENDING FROM IHG TEXT PENDING FROM IHG TEXT PENDING FROM IHG TEXT PENDING FROM IHG TEXT PENDING FROM IHG TEXT PENDING FROM IHG TEXT PENDING FROM IHG
iii Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Process iii
TEXT PENDING FROM IHG
iv Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
OPERATIONS & PROCESSES
Hotel and hospitality operauons can be very resource intensive. The pracuces and systems set in place to improve hotel operauons and
maintenance are an immediate and public way to exhibit a hotels commitment to the environment.
ENERGY
Lm cient electrical systems in a hotel oer many opportuniues to reduce operaung costs and capture measurable reducuons to environmental
impact. Most saving achieved through lighung design also improve the enjoyment and comfort of spaces.
BUILDING ENVELOPE
The building envelope is the interface between the indoor and outdoor environments. A properly designed envelope helps to maintain the desired
indoor condiuons and may permit the use of natural venulauon, passive heaung, and day-lighung.
MECHANICAL
Guest comfort, operaung costs and many global environmental impacts are all dependant on a hotels mechanical systems. Opumum results are
achieved when the em cient systems are chosen and designed to work in harmony with the other building systems and components.
WATER
Responsibiliues and opportuniues exist with all water that passes through a building and site. Economic and Environmental indicators favour the
lowest possible man-made changes to the natural hydrological-cycle.
WASTE
Construcuon and demoliuon acuviues contribute signicant volume to landlls and incinerators that could be avoided with proper management.
Diverung this waste can reduce disposal fees and transportauon consequences.
PRODUCTS & MATERIALS
Materials selected for sustainable buildings should have appropriate performance, durability and environmental properues. Material selecuon can
aect issues ranging from our planets resources to occupant comfort and health.
SITE
A hotels locauon aects commuung opuons, local ecosystems, building energy em ciency and much more. Proper site selecuon should be given
appropriate considerauon at the beginning of a project as it will aect many down-stream decisions.
Credit Category Overview iv
v Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
New Hotels
IHG Green Engage/Soluuons outlines Prerequisite Acuons
and Credited Acuons in all eight of the Credit Categories.
There are 70 available Prerequisite Acuons and 162
available Credited Acuons. To meet the requirements of
IHG Green Engage/Soluuons New Hotels project teams
will need to achieve 55 - 70 - 85 points depending on the
Level of cerucauon they wish to pursue.
Level 1 Cerucauon (55 points) - Requires project teams
to achieve all (55) of the Level 1 Prerequisite Acuons and
is the minimum level of cerucauon a project can pursue.
Level 2 Cerucauon (70 points) - Requires projects teams
to achieve both the Level 1 Prerequisite Acuons (55) as
well as the Level 2 Prerequisite Acuons (15) for a total of
70 Prerequisites.
to achieve all of the Level 1 and 2 Prerequisite Acuons
(70). In addiuon teams should select an addiuonal 15
Credited Acuons from any of the remaining 162 points in
the eight Acuon Groups.
Existing Hotels
IHG Green Engage/Soluuons outlines Prerequisite
Acuons and Credited Acuons in all eight of the Credit
Categories. There are 50 available Prerequisite Acuons
and 124 available points. To meet the requirements of
IHG Green Engage/Soluuons Exisung Hotels project
teams will need to achieve 40 - 50 - 60 points depending
on the Level of cerucauon they wish to pursue.
to achieve all (40) of the Level 1 Prerequisite Acuons and
is the minimum level of cerucauon a project can pursue.
Level 2 Cerucauon (50 points) - Requires projects teams
to achieve both the Level 1 Prerequisite Acuons (40) as
well as the Level 2 Prerequisite Acuons (10) for a total of
50 Prerequisites.
to achieve all of the Level 1 and 2 Prerequisite Acuons
(50). In addiuon teams should select an addiuonal 10
Credited Acuons from any of the remaining 124 points in
the eight Acuon Groups.
Credit Category Overview v
vi Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Impact Chart Users Guide
ENERGY Represents the energy
conserved and energy
generated by that measure at
the hotel
Liule or no energy
savings
Minimal energy
savings
Moderate energy
savings
Signicant energy
savings
WASTE Represents the amount of
waste the measure generates
and the reuse or recyclability of
the measure at the hotel
Liule or no impact on
waste reducing waste
stream
Minimal impact on
reducing waste stream
Moderate impact on
Signicant impact on
WATER Represents the water resources
likely to be aected (consumed/
saved) as a result of the
measure at the hotel
Liule or no potable
water savings
Minimal potable
water savings
Moderate potable
water savings
Signicant potable
water savings
CARBON Represents the CO
2
equivalent
emissions associated with each
measure directly or indirectly
during the lifeume of the
measure at the hotel
Liule or no carbon
emissions reducuon
Minimal carbon
emissions reducuon
Moderate carbon
emissions reducuon
Signicant carbon
emissions reducuon
AFFORDABILITY Represents the capital
investment, operauon and
maintenance costs and payback
for the hotel
High cost; potenually
long payback period
High cost; payback
period towards the
end of lifeume
Low cost; quick
payback
Very low cost; instant
payback
CONSUMER Represents how the measure
aects the health and comfort
of the hotel guest/visitor
Liule or no eect for
the hotel guest/visitor
Minimal posiuve
eect for the hotel
guest/visitor
Moderate posiuve
eect for the hotel
guest/visitor
Signicant posiuve
eect for the hotel
guest/visitor
vi
vii Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Green Engage/Soluons for New Hotels is intended to
shape the design of more sustainable hotels, by looking
at a wide range of issues including water use, waste
management, products and materials, guest comfort,
and parcularly energy use.
Even though brand standards guide in the development
of a new hotel, there remain a number of decisions
to be made about the building and the systems to be
put inside it - decisions that can signicantly impact
the energy e ciency of the hotel, impacng not only
rst costs, but also the short and long term operang
costs of a property. The appendix of Green Engage/
Soluons has been developed to help hotels weigh the
choices which oen seem confusing or overly technical
and allow development teams to make the right design
choices for their building type and climate.
Obviously a hotel in Siberia has to consider dierent
factors than a hotel in Angua, and to address this
Green Engage/Soluons has a set of Energy Charts
which contain guidelines covering all aspects of hotel
design, providing a prescripve path for achieving
energy savings of up to 25% over typical new hotel
energy use. The predicted savings for each climate zone
are summarised to the right.
The appendix also contains Calculaon Sheets, which
show in detail the cost and savings of specic design
opons, such as one type of HVAC system over another,
in four dierent climate zones. These sheets, which are
based on the results of extensive energy modelling
(computer simulaon of hotel energy use), are designed
to allow those looking for even greater savings to quickly
and easily weigh up which opon makes the most sense.
Hot-Humid Climates
Of the more than 100 Acon Items outlined in Green
Engage/Soluons, the biggest energy saving measures in
this climate are improved insulaon, a dedicated central
outside air unit and demand venlaon.
Overall, a hotel in a hot humid climate can perform
between 15% and 25% beer than a modelled baseline
hotel.
Arid Climates
this climate are improved insulaon, a dedicated central
outside air unit and demand venlaon.
Overall, a hotel in an arid climate can perform between
15% and 25% beer than a modelled baseline hotel.
Temperate Climates
Due to the variability of this climate, there are a wide
range of energy saving measures which can signicantly
reduce energy use, in parcular the use of economiser
mode and energy recovery.
Overall, a hotel in a temperate climate can perform
between 20% and 25% beer than a modelled baseline
hotel.
Cold-Alpine Climates
this climate are improved glazing, improved insulaon,
demand venlaon, and economiser mode.
Overall, a hotel in a cold climate can perform between
20% and 25% beer than a modelled baseline hotel.
vii New Hotel Energy Savings
viii Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Making an exisng hotel more sustainable is obviously
very dierent from designing a sustainable hotel
from scratch. In most cases it isn't sensible to rip out
the windows or completely replace or redesign the
air condioning systems. Instead, you have to make
the most of what is already there. Or in some cases
make improvements to the stu that is about to be
replaced anyway (televisions, refrigerators, etc). Green
Engage/Soluons for Exisng Hotels is focused on
combining common sense and best pracce with fairly
minor improvements that, added together, can have a
signicant impact on how your hotel performs and your
boom line.
The appendix of Green Engage/Soluons has been
developed to help General Managers and their Green
Teams weigh the choices which oen seem confusing
or overly technical and allow them to make the right
choices for their hotel and climate. To do this, an energy
analysis of exisng hotels is included, which outlines the
improvement that an average IHG hotel can achieve
by going through the Green Engage/Soluons process.
This analysis was done by building an energy model
(a computer simulaon of a typical hotel) and using
actual IHG hotels energy usage data. Calculaon Sheets
have been developed for every Level 1 and Level 2
Prerequisite Acon. This allows hotel managers to look
at the cost and benet of these acons individually, as
well as look at the overall aect of reaching Level 1 or
Level 2 Cercaon on. These results are summarised to
the right.
Hot-Humid Climates
Level 1 Cercaon can reduce energy consumpon
by 24%. Level 2 Cercaon can reduce energy
consumpon by 25%.
Arid Climates
consumpon by 23%.
Temperate Climates
consumpon by 22%.
Cold-Alpine Climates
consumpon by 19%.
viii Existing Hotel Energy Savings
ix Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
IHG Green Engage/Soluuons outlines Level 1
Prerequisite Acuons, Level 2 Prerequisite Acuons and
Credited Acuons in all eight of the Credit Categories.
There are 70 available Prerequisite Acuons and 162
available Credited Acuons. To meet the requirements of
IHG Green Engage/Soluuons New Hotels project teams
will need to achieve 55 - 70 - 85 points depending on the
Level of cerucauon they wish to pursue.
Level 1 Certiication - 55 points
Operations & Processes
O-01 Ban Smoking on the Property
O-01 Develop Cleaning Policy and Fee for Rooms
where Smoking has Occurred
O-02 Green Sta Orientauon & Educauon
O-02 Develop Sta Acuve Green Team
O-03 Guest Conservauon Educauon
O-03 Green Holiday Agenda and Guides
O-04 Green Cleaning Materials
O-04 Training for Green Pracuces
O-04 Towel/Sheet Program
O-04 IHG Welcome Mats
O-08 IHG HR Human Rights Training
O-09 Hazardous Material Audit
O-09 Appropriate Segregauon, Storage and Disposal
of Hazardous Materials
Energy
E-01 Adopt IHG Energy BMPs Document
E-01 Develop Sequence of Operauons
E-01 Develop Building Operaung Plan
E-01 Develop Systems Narrauve
E-01 Preventauve Maintenance
E-02 Meter Whole Building Energy Use
E-02 Enrol In Green Measure
E-07 Energy Em cient Appliances
E-07 Energy Em cient Televisions
E-08 Pipe Insulauon
E-08 Boiler Em ciency
E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Guest
Rooms
E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Circulauon
Spaces
E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back of
House Spaces
E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Om ces
E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorauve
Fixtures
E-11 Timing Controls on all Up and Facade Lighung
Building Envelope
B-01 Low-E Glazing
B-02 Meet ASHRAE Recommendauons for Climate
Zone
B-03 Roof System Selecuon
B-04 Install Weatherstripping on all Guest Room
Windows
Mechanical
M-01 Verify Minimum Outdoor Air Rates
M-03 No Through the Wall Heat Pumps (PTACs)
M-03 No 2-Pipe Fan Coil Units with Electric Heat
M-06 No CFCs in HVAC and Refrigerauon Systems
M-07 Airside Economisers on Central AHUs
M-09 100% of Guest Rooms have 4F Deadband
Thermostats
M-11 Variable Frequency Drives
M-11 NEMA Premium Em ciency Motors
Water
W-01 Meet WHO Drinking Water Quality Standards
W-02 Enrol In Green Measure
W-02 Meter Whole Building Water Use
W-03 Meet IPC 2006 Maximum Flow Rates
Waste
G-01 Enrol In Green Measure
G-02 Adopt IHG Solid Waste Management Policy
G-02 Provide Recycling Storage Area
P-01 Adopt IHG Sustainable Purchasing Policy
P-01 Standardised Specicauon for Green Materials
P-02 Low or No VOC Paint
P-02 Low or No VOC Adhesives
Site
S-01 Erosion & Sedimentauon Control During
Construcuon and Landscaping
ix New Hotels Certiication Levels
x Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
There are an addiuonal 15 points required at achieve
Level 2 Cerucauon
Energy
E-03 Meet Minimum Energy Performance
Requirements
E-04 Commissioning Plan
E-05 Install Central Building Management System
(BMS)
E-05 Monitor BMS
E-06 Provide Guest Room Master Switching
E-09 Reduce Lighung Power Densiues
Building Envelope
B-01 Opumised Window to Wall Rauo
B-04 Use of Outdoor Air to Minimise Inltrauon
Mechanical
M-01 Installauon of Central AHU for Fresh Air
M-08 Venulauon Air Heat Recovery
M-09 100% of Public Areas have 4F Deadband
through BMS
Waste
G-01 Conduct a Waste Stream Audit
G-03 Construcuon Waste Management Plan
Site
S-01 Adopt IHG Sustainable Building Exterior and
Hardscape Management Plan
S-01 Adopt IHG Sustainable Integrated Pest
Management, Erosion Control and Landscape
Management Plan
Meet all of the Prerequisite Acuons and achieve 15
points through self selected Credited Acuons
x New Hotels Certiication Levels
xi Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Operaons & Processes 33
P1 P2 CA Acuon Group Pts
O-01 Smoke-Free Hotel 2
O-02 Sta Training and Awareness 2
O-03 Guest/Public Educauon 3
O-04 Green Housekeeping Products
and Pracuces
6
O-05 Sustainable Event Management 6
O-06 Food and Beverage 5
O-07 Sustainable Terms and
Condiuons with Business Partners
3
O-08 Supporung Communiues 4
O-09 On-Site Hazard/Environmental
Impact Analysis
2
Energy 47
E-01 O&M Best Management
Pracuce (BMPs)
5
E-02 Energy Metering and Sub-
Metering
5
E-03 Energy Performance
Benchmarking
3
E-04 Building Energy System
Commissioning
4
E-05 Building Management System
(BMS)
4
E-06 Guest Room Master Switching 3
E-07 Energy Em cient Appliances 3
E-08 Hot Water Contribuuon to
Energy Reducuon
4
E-09 Energy Em cient Lighung 5
E-10 Lighung Systems Controls 6
E-11 Reduce Light Polluuon 2
E-12 Low Energy Systems 3
Building Envelope 26
B-01 Opumise Daylighung Design 7
B-02 Opumise Faade Design 5
B-03 Cool Roong Systems 3
B-04 Air Inltrauon Reducuon
Measures
6
B-05 Acousuc Isolauon 5
Mechanical 28
M-01 Fresh Air Delivery 5
M-02 Natural Venulauon 1
M-03 Guest Room HVAC Equipment
Selecuon
3
M-04 Water Cooled Chiller 1
M-05 Addiuonal HVAC Strategies 2
M-06 Refrigerant Management 2
M-07 Economiser Modes 2
M-08 Heat Recovery 2
M-09 4 Degree Deadband 2
M-10 Enhanced HVAC Guest Room
Controls & CO
2
Monitoring
6
M-11 Motor Energy Em ciency 2
Water 31
W-01 Drinking Water Quality 5
W-02 Water Metering and Sub-
Metering
3
W-03 Water Em cient Fixtures 6
W-04 Water Em cient Appliances and
Systems
5
W-05 Reduce Irrigauon Demand 3
W-06 Manage Stormwater 2
W-07 Water Collecuon, Treatment &
Re-Use System
3
W-08 Ozone Water Treatment/
Chemical Reducuon
4
Waste 16
G-01 Establish a Waste Benchmark 2
G-02 Manage Ongoing Waste 6
G-03 Reuse and Donauon of
Construcuon and FF&E Materials
4
G-04 Material Supplier Packaging
Reducuon and Removal Policy
2
G-05 Manage Site and Food Waste 2
Products & Materials 31
P-01 Eco-Embedded Materials
Specicauon
3
P-02 Low-Emim ng Finish Materials 6
P-03 Recycled and Recyclable
Materials
5
P-04 Regionally Manufactured/
Regionally Sourced Materials
4
P-05 Rapidly Renewable/Sustainable
Harvested Materials
4
P-06 Design for Material Reducuon
and Flexibility of Spaces
4
P-07 Mold/Contaminant Resistant
Materials and Processes
5
Site 20
S-01 Environmentally Sensiuve Site
Management
3
S-02 Desunauon Protecuon 3
S-03 Building Siung 2
S-04 Ecology and Landscaping 4
S-05 Reduce Auto Use Impact 4
S-06 Parking 4
xi New Hotels Scorecard
xii Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
IHG Green Engage/Soluons outlines Level 1
Prerequisite Acons, Level 2 Prerequisite Acons and
Credited Acons in all eight of the Credit Categories.
There are 50 available Prerequisite Acons and 124
available Credited Acons. To meet the requirements
of IHG Green Engage/Soluons Exisng Hotels project
teams will need to achieve 40 - 50 - 60 points depending
on the Level of cercaon they wish to pursue.
Operations & Processes
O-01 Ban Smoking on the Property
O-01 Develop Cleaning Policy and Fee for Rooms
where Smoking has Occurred
O-02 Green Sta Orientaon & Educaon
O-02 Develop Sta Acve Green Team
O-03 Guest Conservaon Educaon
O-03 Green Holiday Agenda and Guides
O-04 Green Cleaning Materials
O-04 Training for Green Pracces
O-04 IHG Welcome Mats
O-08 IHG HR Human Rights Training
O-09 Hazardous Material Audit
O-09 Appropriate Segregaon, Storage and Disposal
of Hazardous Materials
Energy
E-01 Adopt IHG Energy BMPs Document
E-01 Develop Sequence of Operaons
E-01 Develop Building Operang Plan
E-01 Develop Systems Narrave
E-01 Preventave Maintenance
E-02 Meter Whole Building Energy Use
E-02 Parcipate in Green Measure
E-07 Energy E cient Appliances
E-07 Energy E cient Televisions
E-07 Energy E cient Refrigerators
E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Guest
Rooms
E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Circulaon
Spaces
E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back of
House Spaces
E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorave
Fixtures
Building Envelope
B-04 Install Weatherstripping on all Guest Room
Windows
Mechanical
M-01 Verify Minimum Outdoor Air Rates
M-06 No CFCs in HVAC and Refrigeraon Systems
M-09 100% of Guest Rooms have 4F Deadband
Thermostats
Water
W-01 Meet WHO Drinking Water Quality Standards
W-02 Parcipate in Green Measure
W-03 Meet IPC 2006 Maximum Flow Rates
Waste
G-01 Parcipate in Green Measure
G-02 Adopt IHG Solid Waste Management Policy
G-02 Provide Recycling Storage Area
P-01 Adopt IHG Sustainable Purchasing Policy
P-02 Low or No VOC Paint
P-02 Low or No VOC Adhesives
xii Existing Hotels Certiication Levels
xiii Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
There are an addiuonal 10 points required at achieve
Level 2 Cerucauon
Energy
E-03 Meet Minimum Energy Performance
Requirements
E-04 Commissioning Plan
E-08 Pipe Insulauon
E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Om ces
Mechanical
M-11 NEMA Premium Em ciency Motors
Water
W-02 Meter Whole Building Water Use
Waste
G-01 Conduct a Waste Stream Audit
Site
S-01 Adopt IHG Sustainable Building Exterior and
Hardscape Management Plan
S-01 Adopt IHG Sustainable Integrated Pest
Management, Erosion Control and Landscape
Management Plan
Meet all of the Prerequisite Acuons and achieve 10
points through self selected Credited Acuons
xiii Existing Hotels Certiication Levels
xiv Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011
Existing Hotels Scorecard xiv
Operaons & Processes 33
O-01 Smoke-Free Hotel 2
O-02 Sta Training and Awareness 2
O-03 Guest/Public Educauon 3
O-04 Green Housekeeping Products
and Pracuces
6
O-05 Sustainable Event Management 6
O-06 Food and Beverage 5
O-07 Sustainable Terms and
Condiuons with Business Partners
3
O-08 Supporung Communiues 4
O-09 On-Site Hazard/Environmental
Impact Analysis
2
Energy 46
E-01 O&M Best Management
Pracuce (BMPs)
5
E-02 Energy Metering and Sub-
Metering
5
E-03 Energy Performance
Benchmarking
3
E-04 Building Energy System
Commissioning
3
E-05 Building Management System
(BMS)
4
E-06 Guest Room Master Switching 3
E-07 Energy Em cient Appliances 3
E-08 Hot Water Contribuuon to
Energy Reducuon
4
E-09 Energy Em cient Lighung 5
E-10 Lighung Systems Controls 6
E-11 Reduce Light Polluuon 2
E-12 Low Energy Systems 3
Building Envelope 8
B-01 Opumise Daylighung Design 4
B-02 Opumise Faade Design 0
B-03 Cool Roong Systems 3
B-04 Air Inltrauon Reducuon
Measures
1
B-05 Acousuc Isolauon 0
Mechanical 21
M-01 Fresh Air Delivery 1
M-02 Natural Venulauon 1
M-03 Guest Room HVAC Equipment
Selecuon
3
M-04 Water Cooled Chiller 1
M-05 Addiuonal HVAC Strategies 2
M-06 Refrigerant Management 2
M-07 Economiser Modes 2
M-08 Heat Recovery 2
M-09 4 Degree Deadband 2
M-10 Enhanced HVAC Guest Room
Controls & CO
2
Monitoring
3
M-11 Motor Energy Em ciency 2
Water 29
W-01 Drinking Water Quality 4
W-02 Water Metering and Sub-
Metering
3
W-03 Water Em cient Fixtures 6
W-04 Water Em cient Appliances and
Systems
5
W-05 Reduce Irrigauon Demand 3
W-06 Manage Stormwater 1
W-07 Water Collecuon, Treatment &
Re-Use System
3
W-08 Ozone Water Treatment/
Chemical Reducuon
4
Waste 13
G-01 Establish a Waste Benchmark 2
G-02 Manage Ongoing Waste 6
G-03 Reuse and Donauon of
Construcuon and FF&E Materials
1
G-04 Material Supplier Packaging
Reducuon and Removal Policy
2
G-05 Manage Site and Food Waste 2
Products & Materials 15
P-01 Eco-Embedded Materials
Specicauon
2
P-02 Low-Emim ng Finish Materials 6
P-03 Recycled and Recyclable
Materials
3
P-04 Regionally Manufactured/
Regionally Sourced Materials
1
P-05 Rapidly Renewable/Sustainable
Harvested Materials
2
P-06 Design for Material Reducuon
and Flexibility of Spaces
0
P-07 Mold/Contaminant Resistant
Materials and Processes
1
Site 9
S-01 Environmentally Sensiuve Site
Management
2
S-02 Desunauon Protecuon 1
S-03 Building Siung 0
S-04 Ecology and Landscaping 2
S-05 Reduce Auto Use Impact 3
S-06 Parking 1
The success of a sustainable building relies on both
sustainable design and sustainable operauons. Establishing
and maintaining an environment conducive to proper
operauons starts with building energy commissioning
where the intent of the building is documented along
with design decisions so that operaung personal can
make decisions consistent with the original system intent.
Sustainable operauons conunues through occupancy by
maintaining green housekeeping, facilitaung recycling,
educaung occupants and verifying and documenung
energy performance.
Operauonal measures secure the investments made
during the design phase. They are criucal to achieving
the payback that drove design decisions. However,
operauons relies on human behaviour, which is typically
harder to predict and control than mechanical systems.
A transparent and sustained management commitment
can help secure employee commitment towards
sustainable operauons.
O-01 Smoke-Free Hotel
O-02 Staff Training and Awareness
O-03 Guest/Public Education
O-04 Green Housekeeping Products & Practices
O-05 Sustainable Event Management
O-06 Food and Beverage
O-07 Sustainable Terms and Conditions with
Business Partners
O-08 Supporting Communities
O-09 On-site Hazard/Environmental Impact
Analysis
O-01 to O-09 Operations and Processes Action Groups
Action Group Impact:
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Considerations:
New Hotels
All new hotels commiued to gaining Green Engage/
Soluuons cerucauon should ban smoking on the
property. As a disincenuve, the hotel should have a
policy of ning guests who disregard this policy.
Exisng Hotels
Hotels which currently have smoking areas should ensure
separauon from non-smoking areas through physical
barriers and separate HVAC systems. These properues
should develop a phase-out plan and run an educauon
program to inform guests of this change of policy.
Advantages:
Less odour migrauon; Beuer indoor air quality.
Disadvantages:
Potenual guest dissausfacuon in regions where indoor
smoking is acceptable
Other Relevant Action Groups:
O-03
Narrative:
Indoor air quality is crucial in achieving a healthy
environment. In many municipaliues, smoking is not
allowed in public places to protect the health of others. In
some areas of the world smoke-free hotels are the norm,
whereas in others hotel guest expectauons dictate that
smoking rooms are made available. The disadvantage of
allowing guests to smoke is that smoking in hotel rooms
creates discomfort for non-smoking guests. Smoking
rooms need more fresh air and venulauon than non-
smoking rooms, so there is also an increased energy use.
Where banning of smoking is not feasible, all designated
smoking areas should be separated with walls that go
up to structure and doors that close, and independent
venulauon systems so smoke cannot migrate to non-
smoking areas. The HVAC system must provide higher
exhaust and outdoor air rates in these rooms to dilute
paruculates. Room-type air condiuoning units should not
be used in smoking areas as they recycle the room air.
O-01 Smoke-Free Hotel
IHG Green Engage/Solutions NH EH
Level 1 Prerequisites
1 Ban Smoking on the Property
1 Develop Cleaning Policy and Fee for
Rooms where Smoking has Occurred

Total Available Points 2 2
LEED EQp2
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
assessing current pracuces, areas for advancements
should be idenued and disseminated to all sta. If the
appropriate monitoring equipment is not available in
the facility, managers should be trained on alternauve
methods, such as analysing uulity bills and meters, to
assess performance.
Advantages:
Reduced operaung cost; More cohesive sta educauon;
Enhanced employee pride.
Disadvantages:
Requires more involved management; Increased training
costs.
References:
Green Lodging News: Hotel Schools
www.greenlodgingnews.com/hotelschools.aspx
O-04, O-05, O-06, O-07, O-08, S-05
Narrative:
Many of the sustainable measures put in place by the
design and construcuon teams are only eecuve if they
are properly implemented by the sta and building
operators. Green housekeeping programs, sustainable
event management and general faciliues management
will all require iniual orientauon and on-going educauon.
Hotel sta that typically experience higher turnover
rates are oen the key posiuons carrying out the edicts
of a sustainability management plan. For this reason
comprehensive training plans with clear instrucuons
on how to implement sustainable strategies should be
developed along with orientauon and conunued training
schedules.
Sta should be introduced to the hotels sustainability
iniuauves to understand the purpose and goals of green
hotel management strategies. Oering incenuves for best
performance may prove to be an eecuve training tool.
If working with an internauonal sta, printed orientauon/
reference materials and training sessions should be
translated into the dominant nauve languages.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Newly opened hotels should train all sta about the
unique green features and develop a program to
disseminate this informauon to all future incoming sta.
Faciliues managers shouldbeeducatedonhowtomonitor
building energy and make proper adjustments to opumise
performance. If the project is being commissioned, sta
should be instructed on how to support commissioning
authoriues.
Exisng Hotels
Projects can make many environmental improvements by
changing sta behaviour product use procedures. Aer
O-02 Staff Training and Awareness
1 Green Sta Orientauon & Educauon
All new stag members to parncipate in
IHG Green Aware Program

1 Develop Sta Acuve Green Team
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Guest/Public Education O-03
Considerations:
New Hotels
New faciliues could enhance guest involvement by
providing real-ume metering to monitor energy use,
water use and provide feedback from any alternauve
energy or rainwater collecuon equipment.
Exisng Hotels
Exisung projects should engage guests by oering
parucipatory conservauon programs, encouraging
sustainable tourism and highlighung conservauon
pracuces that can be conunued at home.
Advantages:
Enhances brand image; Posiuve markeung tool; Reduces
energy cost, Reduces laundering needs.
Disadvantages:
None.
References:
Energy,Inc: The Energy Detecuve
www.theenergydetecuve.com/about-ted
Green Hotels Associauon: Catalog
www.greenhotels.com/catalog/printed.htm
O-01, O-04, O-05, O-08, S-02
Narrative:
Guiding guest behaviour is a crucial element to eecuvely
implemenung many conservauons measures. Signage,
literature and helpful front of house sta can all call
auenuon to the green eorts of the facility and encourage
guests to parucipate.
Promoung local sustainable shops, acuviues and
alternauve means of transport encourages the guests
environmentally conscious choices to permeate into the
surrounding economy.
Providing guests with feedback on their energy and
resource usage in a friendly informauve manner can also
encourage self-correcuve acuon.
Making guests aware of measures implemented at the
hotel will also educate them on conservauon pracuces
they can conunue at home.
Level 1 Prerequisite
1 Guest Conservauon Educauon
Develop a guest educanon program that
includes signage and literature explaining
green hotel features and conservanon
nps for hotel and home

1 Green Holiday Agenda and Guides
Provide guest with informanon on local
green ogerings and environmentally
preferable ways to reach desnnanons

Credited Actions
1 Consumer Behaviour Feedback
Provide meters in rooms and/or energy/
water consumpnon informanon on bills

LEED IOc1.3
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Some of the tradiuonal cleaning products used in hotels
contain ingredients that are toxic or hazardous. Many
contain volaule organic compounds (VOCs) which again
can be toxic and also act as an irritant to sensiuve people.
The aim of green cleaning is to reduce the risk of chemical
exposure to janitorial sta along with guests at the hotel.
There are a range of levels of green cleaning that could be
implemented by a hotel operator.
Proper sta training and guest awareness are some of
the most cost eecuve means or conserving resources.
Sta should be encouraged to subsutute reusable
supplies for disposables as much as possible and trained
to understand the towel and sheet program.
Products should be compliant with a standard such as
that contained in the California Code of Regulauons which
sets VOC limits for a range of product groups. Another
standard is the Green Seal 37 standard which lists actual
products from a range of manufacturers.
The Carpet and Rug Insutute developed a voluntary
standard for tesung vacuum cleaners to ensure that
they work em ciency and contain the dust that they are
extracung from the carpet.
Considerations:
New Hotels
All housekeeping sta and procurement agents should be
trained to purchase or use green cleaning products.
Exisng Hotels
Most of the green products work as well as convenuonal
cleaning products but they may need to be used
dierently. A training schedule should be set up for sta
to ensure they are up to date with the products and
methods being used. This can also improve the health of
cleaning sta as well as reducing worker safety liability
issues.
Advantages:
Liule or no cost dierence when compared to convenuonal
cleaning methods; Could potenually make guests stay
more enjoyable due to beuer indoor environment; Safer
for both guests and sta.
Disadvantages:
Addiuonal training may be required for housekeeping
sta.
References:
IHG Green Cleaning Policy
California Environmental Protecuon Agency: Air
Resources Board
www.arb.ca.gov/testmeth/cptm/cptm.htm
Green Seal
www.greenseal.org/ndaproduct/index.cfm
The Carpet and Rug Insutute
www.carpet-rug.com/commercial-customers/cleaning-
and-maintenance/seal-of-approval-products/vacuums.
cfm
O-01, O-02, O-09, W-08, S-01
O-04 Green Housekeeping Products and Practices
1 Green Cleaning Materials
Use non-toxic cleaning products

1 Training for Green Pracuces
All housekeeping stag to receive regular
training on use and handling of green
cleaning products

1 Towel/Sheet Program
Implement towel/sheet laundry
conservanon program

1 IHG Welcome Mats
Provide IHG brand-specifed welcome
mats on all public entry points. Minimum
10 feet in total length

Credited Actions
1 Lm cient Use of Cleaning Materials
Develop program to supply reusable
cleaning products and train stag on
proper use & minimising waste

1 CRI High Em ciency Vacuum Cleaners
LEED EQp3, EQc3.3 & EQc3.5
Credited Actions
1 Recycling/Compost Program
Packaging/event materials & literature/
food & beverages

1 Reducuon of Consumables
Washable/reusable catering dish/
fatware, table linens, bulk dispensers

1 Local Catering
Seek catering ingredients originate within
80 kilometres (50 miles) of hotel

1 Environmentally Preferable Event
Materials
Recycled content, non-toxic inks,
compostable

1 Avoid Printed Materials
Install screens with event schedule/
curricula

1 Educauon/Markeung of Green Opuons
Develop green meenng packages, educate
stag/auendees on using/implemennng
green programs

O-05 Sustainable Event Management
Considerations:
New Hotels
Building management systems should be designed to
allow for exibility of uses in spaces. Occupancy sensing
controls should be incorporated wherever possible.
Exisng Hotels
Event management sta should incorporate green
meeung opuons into event packages and research
faciliues capable of accepung recyclable/compostable
event waste. Sta should be trained on how to execute
these operauons. Green event opuons should be properly
marketed to event clients.
Advantages:
Increases venue visibility and desirability to prospecuve
event clients, Could reduce some operaung costs.
Disadvantages:
Green event materials and addiuonal catering services
may increase costs in some areas.
References:
EcoSpeakers.com: Green Event Planning Resources
www.ecospeakers.com/foreventmgrs/greenevents
O-02, O-06, G-01, P-01, P-03, P-04
Narrative:
Events are generally huge material and energy consumers
and produce large amounts of waste. Increasingly, groups
are favouring venues that oer sustainable management
pracuces for their events and meeungs. A comprehensive
green event oering, at a minimum, includes recycling
programs to handle packaging, event materials and food
& beverage waste. Event managers should also consider
green catering opuons by reducing use of disposable
wares, purchasing sustainable food (organic, local, fair
trade) and menu planning to reduce waste. Where
disposable materials must be used, preference should be
given to those with high recycled content and/or other
environmentally preferable characterisucs (non-toxic
inks, biodegradable/compostable, made from rapidly
renewable materials, cerued sustainably harvested,
produced with alternauve energy).
The exible nature of room populauon and use for events
requires dynamic designs and systems in order to avoid
excessively sized spaces and energy consumpuon. Event
spaces and meeung rooms should have mouon detectors
and dynamic monitoring to allow for fast adjustments of
environmental controls.
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
O-06 Food and Beverage
Credited Actions
1 Menu Planning to Prevent Waste
Develop & implement a menu planning
policy

1 Bulk Dispensers
Provide bulk food, beverage and
condiments dispensers whenever possible

1 Purchase Local, Organic, Fair Trade Food
Develop sustainable food purchasing
policy with possible suppliers idennfed

1 Parucipate in Green Restaurant
Cerucauon Program

1 Food Donauon Program
Develop & implement a excess food
donanon plan with possible recipients
idennfed

Narrative:
The hospitality industry is a large consumer of food and
beverage products through in-house restaurants, catering
and guest room services. By engaging suppliers through
purchasing agreements, sustainable food resource chains
are reinforced and stabilised.
Sustainable food and beverage sources include locally
produced, fairly traded and organic ingredients. Menu
planning reduces excess food waste and reects the
seasonally available ingredients. Materials are conserved
by oering opuons in bulk dispensers rather than
individual packages. Green restaurant programs validate
eorts to use environmentally responsible products.
Educauon of food service sta is crucial to ensuring that
policies are understood and properly implemented.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Kitchen equipment should be selected to allow for any
unique storage/staging needs for seasonal food use.
Consider including a greenhouse or sem ng aside site
area for gardens to oset catering needs. Consider
incorporaung a composung area near the kitchen for
local distribuuon or use on landscaping.
Exisng Hotels
Food service sta should be trained on green restaurant
management and food selecuon. Exisung contracts with
food suppliers should be adapted to include organic, local
and fair trade products. Local farms should be surveyed
to determine if local products can be subsututed. Food
donauon programs should be set up, where applicable.
Advantages:
Enhances brand image; Posiuve markeung tool; Provides
fresher, healthier food to guests.
Disadvantages:
Seasonal food supplies may be limited in some regions;
Organic food can be more expensive.
References:
Green Restaurant Associauon: Dine Green
www.dinegreen.com
Slow Food
www.slowfood.com
FairTrade Cerued
TM
: TransFair USA
www.transfairusa.org
O-02, G-04, G-05
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Sustainable business pracuces and corporate
responsibility is shaped by the relauonships formed with
suppliers and partners. Business partners should be
chosen based on the degree to which they support the
social and environmental goals adopted by IHG.
Hotels should look for opportuniues to work closely
with product and service providers to idenufy areas for
improvement. In areas where certain greener technologies
or services are limited, hotels should consider developing
agreements that foster improvements to locally available
products and businesses. Opportuniues might include:
Developing educauon and training programs with
local service contractors such as landscape or pest
management providers
Networking suppliers with local resources to drive
green market transformauon in local economies
The measures encouraged include:
Sourcing products which are responsible in their
manufacture, use and disposal
Reviewing all the products and services purchased
and idenufying where more responsible alternauves are
available.
Integrate sustainable criteria into your purchasing
policy and procedures
Encourage local businesses to source locally when
possible
Considerations:
New Hotels
Include sustainable products and pracuces in construcuon
documents or procurement contracts. Contractors and
building material suppliers with the most sustainable
business pracuces should be incenuvised or favoured.
Design and construcuon teams should carefully assess
aordable products and services available in the area
and idenufy gaps in availability. Hotels should consider
creaung alliances throughout the IHG brand to further
leverage inuence.
Exisng Hotels
Current and future service and supply contracts should be
reviewed and revised for sustainable business pracuces
as they are renewed. Purchases for maintenance and
renovauons should be massed to increase product
transformauon potenual
Advantages:
Requiring partners to review their pracuces will increase
quality checks and accountability; Creates posiuve
market change in some underserved areas; Standard
specicauons increase product/service selecuons and
reduce cost/need for customisauon.
Disadvantages:
Product and service availability may be limited in some
areas and may increase lead umes; Increased learning
curve may increase costs; Requires more eort/input
from owners.
References:
IHG Procurement Policy
The IHG business code of conduct and supporung
policies on Merlin
O-02, G-04, P-01
O-07 Sustainable Terms and Conditions with Business Partners
Credited Actions
1 Sustainable Terms and Condiuons for
Business Partners
Create sample language to include in
contracts, review contracts & documents
for opportunines to include sustainable
measures

1 Encourage Product Innovauon
Implement policy of collaboranng
with manufacturers to develop more
sustainable product

1 Cost/Em ciency Opumisauon Bundle
Sustainable product purchases for cost
and quality control

Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
O-08 Supporting Communities
1 IHG HR Human Rights Training
Three stag including GM shall have
reviewed the HR policy online

Credited Actions
1 Support Community/Cultural
Preservauon Projects
Develop & implement plan

1 Parucipate in Local Career Training
Program

1 Encourage Investment in Local Economy

Narrative:
The local culture and communiues that dene a
desunauon are oen one of a hospitality establishments
greatest assets. Hospitality establishments should set a
posiuve example to their communiues by not parucipaung
in unlawful exploitauon of labour, women or children.
Sta should receive training on how to recognise and
resolve these sensiuve situauons.
Giving back to the areas community through in-kind
donauons and volunteer programs will enhance the
establishments reputauon and encourage a posiuve
relauonship with local residents. Programs should be
developed that support the economic vitality of the area
while maintaining its unique character and diversity.
Local services and labour should be used where ever
possible and trained to beuer prepare them for career
advancement.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Contractors selected should support fair labour pracuces
and agree to meet minimum safety and wage standards
for all workers. Project may be able to extend the scope
of construcuon to strengthen infrastructure in nearby,
underserved areas.
Exisng Hotels
Sta should be trained to properly address fair labour
and exploitauon issues. Cultural preservauon projects
can be supported through corporate donauons or sta
volunteer drives. Local workforce enhancement should
be considered when developing employment and
training strategies. Consider oering conference rooms
for training/educauon opportuniues for community
members during o-seasons.
Advantages:
Enhances brand image; Posiuve markeung tool; Enhances
desunauon locauons and economies.
Disadvantages:
None.
References:
Internauonal Tourism Partnership
www.tourismpartnership.org/Publicauons/EMH.html
IHG Winning Ways
hup://ihgpal.com/ihgwinningways.htm
Internauonal Business Leaders Forum: Youth Career
Iniuauve
www.youthcareeriniuauve.org
O-02, O-03
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
O-09 On-site Hazard/Environmental Impact Analysis
1 Hazardous Material Audit
Audit all chemicals used at the hotel
facility and current disposal procedures

1 Appropriate Segregauon, Storage and
Disposal of Hazardous Materials
Provide appropriate and segregated
storage for hazardous materials, Use a
hazardous waste materials contractor to
dispose of hazardous waste.

Narrative:
A hazardous waste audit tracks the amount of hazardous
waste generated, increases the safety of personnel and
ensures the Hotels compliance with environmental
regulauons. A manifest sheet describes the types of
hazardous waste located at the facility.
The hazardous chemicals must be labelled and stored
in areas separaung corrosive, ammable and acidic
substances. Containers should be properly sealed and
prevent of any releases. Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS) should be available for any hazardous substance
located in the vicinity of the chemicals. An appropriate
collecuon company, hauler and disposal facility must
be proposed with chain of custody form included. Land
disposal of hazardous chemicals should be prohibited.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Any paints, paint thinners, oils, cleaning products
(excluding green cleaning products, baueries,
pesucides, herbicides, fungicides, uorescent lights, light
ballasts and anything else considered hazardous should
be considered hazardous waste and properly stored.
Exisng Hotels
Any chemicals stored and/or used should be properly
labelled and documented. See New Hotels.
Advantages:
Reduce expenses associated with storage, pickup and
disposal of hazardous waste; Reduce possibility of
accident.
Disadvantages:
Costs of disposing/recycling hazardous waste is
expensive.
References:
US EPA: Reducing Risk from Waste
www.epa.gov/epawaste/inforesources/pubs/trifold.pdf
ECHA website - European Chemicals Agency
hup://echa.europa.eu/
O-04, W-08, P-01, P-02
E-01 O&M Best Management Pracuces (BMPs)
E-02 Energy Metering and Sub-Metering
E-03 Energy Performance Benchmarking
E-04 Building Energy System Commissioning
E-05 Building Management System (BMS)
E-06 Guest Room Master Switching
E-08 Hot Water Contribuuon to Energy Reducuon
E-09 Energy Em cient Lighung
E-10 Lighung System Controls
E-11 Reduce Light Polluuon
E-12 Low Energy Systems
Electrical consumpuon is one of the most costly
aspects of hotel management from both a nancial
and environmental standpoint. With careful design,
it is possible to minimise this load without diminishing
the well being of guests and sta. This can be achieved
through the use of:
Em cient lighung design
Energy saving products
On-site power generauon
Eecuve energy controls and management
Coordinated electrical design should be pursued for
hotels. Use of energy em cient products, lighung control
systems, daylighung, and renewable energy can all
contribute. The building should be commissioned and
on-site power generauon should be researched to see if
it is applicable to the project. Good electrical and lighung
pracuces can save money, provide a more comfortable
environment for guests, and reduce carbon emissions.
Energy E-01 to E-12
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Adopt IHG Energy BMPs Document
1 Develop Sequence of Operauons
1 Develop Building Operaung Plan
1 Develop Systems Narrauve
1 Preventauve Maintenance
Complete and document quarterly QC
preventanve maintenance inspecnon

LEED EAp1
E-01 O&M Best Management Practices (BMPs)
Narrative:
The energy em ciency of a building is dependant not
only on the various mechanical and electrical systems
that are in place, but how these systems are used by
the occupants. Improving building systems operauons is
oen a fast, low-cost way to signicantly reduce energy
consumpuon. Development of a sequence of operauons
and building operaung plan forces hotel operators to
describe and understand how various systems work and
interact. Combined with a preventauve maintenance
program, this ensures than systems are operaung the
way they were designed to and allows potenual problems
and inem ciencies to be idenued and corrected.
IHGs Energy Best Management Pracuces (BMPs)
Document contains a comprehensive list of strategies for
improving operauonal energy em ciency.
Considerations:
New Hotels
A sequence of operauons and building operaung plan
are developed during construcuon documentauon, and
should be stored and understood by hotel management.
The preventauve maintenance program should be
adopted as soon as the hotel is occupied.
Exisng Hotels
If the hotel does not have a sequence of operauons,
building operaung plan, or systems narrauve, these can
be draed using the templates below.
Advantages:
Potenually large energy savings for liule capital
investment; Improved understanding of the building
systems can improve condiuons for workers and guests;
Preventauve maintenance reduces cost and downume
associated with the failure of mechanical and electrical
equipment.
Disadvantages:
Development of new plans is ume intensive and may
require training or assistance from an engineer.
References:
IHG Energy BMPs Document
Sample Sequence of Operauons Document
Sample Building Operaung Plan
Sample Systems Narrauve
E-04
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Metering equipment and other consumpuon
measurement procedures should be used to quanufy
system performance and energy. Hotels shall be required
to keep accurate documented records and measurements
of all energy consumpuon.
The metering procedures also enable vericauon of the
performance of credited acuons over ume to ensure
savings are maintained. Results can be used to tune
building systems for improved conunuous performance
and to assist in energy use evaluauon for future hotels.
Sites can be compared against each other to idenufy the
eecuveness of credited acuons implemented at one
hotel versus another.
Sub-metering can be installed for lighung, boilers, steam,
gas, power, water piping and other uuliues.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The hotel owner needs to decide what to do with the
metering data before installauon. A meter at the source
level (a meter for the enure building from the uulity)
should always be installed. Feedback on energy and
water usage should be provided through the Hotels
Green Engage program. Meters should be installed for a
lifeume above 20 years.
Exisng Hotels
In exisung hotels, idenufying and targeung areas of high
consumpuon and greatest potenual for energy savings
will reduce costs of a new metering system. Exisung
meters shall be regularly checked to ensure calibrauon
within manufacturers tolerances and intervals. This
data shall be entered into an online monitoring and
calculauon tool via Green Measure which shall produce
outputs that allow the hotel to assess its performance
against previous years and compare performance with
other hotels. Hotels shall be required to keep accurate
documented records and measurements of all energy
consumpuon for a minimum of ve years for vericauon
of past online entries.
All installed meters must be calibrated to manufacturers
requirements and be included as part of a documented
equipment maintenance schedule. Other fuel
measurement procedures such as dipsuck measurement
from fuel oil tanks should have a brief method statement
describing how values (e.g. volumes) are calculated and
the proposed program of intervals between readings.
Advantages:
Long term energy and water savings; Operauons and
maintenance trouble shooung; Idenufy problems
before failure and downume; Provides data source for
decision making; Idenufy peak shaving opportuniues;
Enables performance contracung; Measurement and
vericauon.
Disadvantages:
Added capital cost; Time required for record keeping
and data entry. Requires advanced training or outside
contracts for data interpretauon if feeding back to a
central system.
References:
Internauonal Performance Measurement & Vericauon
Protocol (IPMVP) Volume III: Concepts and Opuons for
Determining Energy Savings in New Construcuon, April,
2003
E-03, E-05, W-02, G-01
1 Meter Whole Building Energy Use
Install meters for all energy unlines
and ensure all meters are calibrated to
manufacturers recommendanons

1 Enrol In Green Measure
Begin uploading monthly unlity data to
Green Measure and keep documentanon
records of all fuel bills, measurement
calculanons and deliveries.
1 Parucipate in Green Measure

Upload a minimum of 12 months of
unlity data to Green Measure and keep
documentanon records of all fuel bills,
measurement calculanons and deliveries
Credited Actions
1 Provide Sub-Meters for each Zone
1 Provide Sub-Meters on 10% Sample of
Individual Zones

1 Provide Sub-Meters on 20% Sample of
Individual Zones

LEED EAp2, EAc1 & EAc3.2
E-02 Energy Metering and Sub-Metering
Narrative:
Hotel energy management is about tracking energy
performance and idenufying opportuniues for
improvement. This relates not only to past performance
but also how current performance compares with other
buildings of a similar type. A concise and standardized
system of energy monitoring and performance evaluauon
is important to allow this to happen.
Many of the systems designed into a project oer a
signicant return on investment; however, this can
only be ensured if the systems are being monitored for
acceptable performance. Environmental targets should
be clearly detailed in an Environmental Management
Plan. Correcuve acuons should be developed for sta to
follow when targets or benchmarks are not met.
Projects should be metered to allow for isolauon of
system performance. Faciliues managers should develop
monitoring plans that include performance comparisons
against projected savings and/or similar building type
databases. When goals are not met, measurable short
and long term targets for improvement should be
established.
There are many areas with environmental standards well
below others. If developing projects in one of these areas
managers should work with IHG and the local community
to improve environmental standards in the local area.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Set performance benchmarks during design using
expectauons from energy models or building databases.
This may be done by using energy models to calculate
predicted energy performance and then comparing
this with a baseline buildings energy performance to
the latest version of ASHRAE 90.1 (2007) Appendix G
standards. The energy improvement of the proposed
building against the baseline building can be used to
calculate achievement of minimum performance targets.
Upon compleuon and occupancy, monitoring plans and
enrolment in the Green Measure online system will help
determine if projects are meeung these goals. Designing
building management systems or system sub-metering
will assist data collecuon.
Exisng Hotels
Metered and measured energy consumpuon data shall
be entered into Green Measure, which benchmarks this
data against hotels across the IHG poruolio and calculates
whether the hotel meets Green Engage/Soluuonss
minimum performance requirements. It also allows
managers to track performance against a number of
other parameters including historical trends and energy
consumed per guest night.
Hotels that do not meet the minimum requirements may
consider implemenung other Green Engage/Soluuons
acuon groups to improve performance. These may
include capital improvements outlined in the Energy,
Building Envelope or Mechanical secuons, or operauonal
improvements found in the Operauons & Processes
secuon.
Advantages:
Decreased operaung costs; Increased performance/
longevity of equipment.
Disadvantages:
Increased costs of metering equipment.
References:
IHG CSR in a box
hup://eetdnews.lbl.gov/nl10/IPMVP.html
E-02
E-03 Energy Performance Benchmarking
1 Meet Minimum Energy Performance
Requirements
Meet minimum requirement as calculated
using online tool through Green Measure
or through energy modelling at design
stage.

Credited Actions
1 Collecuon and Use of Meter Informauon
Against Nauonal Databases and Other
Hotels
Research relevant databases, compare
building performance annually and
present results to IHG.

1 Exceed Minimum Energy Performance
Requirements
Exceed minimum requirement as
calculated using online tool through
Green Measure or through energy
modelling at design stage for new hotels.

LEED EAp2 & EAc1
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Commissioning Plan
Adopt plan for commissioning, retro-
commissioning or recommissioning

Credited Actions
1 Conduct Energy Audit
Have a third party conduct an energy
audit of the hotel, including a site
assessment and energy breakdown.

1 Perform Commissioning
Perform commissioning of new hotel prior
to occupancy, and of exisnng hotel at
least every three years.

1 Start Commissioning in Mid-Design Phase
Narrative:
The commissioning process is a series of steps that
occur during both the design and construcuon life of a
building and even following occupancy. The aim of this
process is to ensure rstly that buildings are designed
in a way that enables them to be commissionable and
meet the building owners requirements for the building.
Addiuonally, commissioning ensures that a buildings
energy consuming systems are purchased, installed and
are operaung as the designer intended them to. The
commissioning process can have a signicant impact on
the whole life energy of a building. The embodied energy
associated with construcung a building are small when
compared with the operauonal energy and embodied
energy required to replace, upgrade and modify interiors
of buildings throughout their life. This is parucularly
relevant to hotel resorts because they undergo re-ts
approximately every eight years, due to conunued wear
on the building interiors.
Implemenung commissioning steps into the early stages
of a hotel life can idenufy and prevent energy waste over
the remainder of its life.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Considerauon should be given to the uming of
commissioning in construcuon. Commissioning realises
greatest savings and catches the most system deciencies
when the process is started early. NOTE: The LEED raung
system has specic requirements for commissioning
which are ume sensiuve starung in mid design.
Exisng Hotels
Retro-commissioning can provide immense savings for
exisung faciliues whether construcuon, renovauons or
upgrades are scheduled. Once retro-commissioning has
been complete, the resulung documentauon can be used
annually to re-check systems performance and conunued
savings and em cient operauon.
Advantages:
Energy savings or preventauve energy losses; Reducuon
in maintenance or replacement costs; Baseline
documentauon for building operauon.
Disadvantages:
Addiuonal cost for third party commissioning agent;
Percepuon the commissioning is dim cult and hard to
schedule.
References:
Building Commissioning Associauon
www.bcxa.org
ASHRAE Procedures for Commercial Building Energy
Audits
www.ashrae.org
E-01
E-04 Building Energy System Commissioning
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Building Management Systems (BMSs) are commonly
employed in modern hotels to allow centralized
monitoring and control of the buildings mechanical and
electrical systems. Sensors and actuators are incorporated
into the venulauon, lighung, power, heaung, cooling, hot
water, security and re systems and linked to a centralized
computer. From there, soware programs are used to
monitor and control the systems according to the desired
parameters . This Direct Digital Control (DDC) technology
enables building management systems to co-operate on
programmed schedules and to use weather condiuons to
predicauvely maintain desired thermal comfort, lighung,
and services (re, security, etc) while minimising energy
consumpuon. DDC can alert sta to faulty equipment
or out-of-tolerance condiuons with the use of system
alarms allowing maintenance work to be carried out
before any serious guest disrupuon or remedial costs
occur. Alternauvely, stand alone controllers have limited
interconnecuvity and control exibility.
Considerations:
New Hotels
A system can be installed in hotels to recognise when
guests leave their room and save energy during these
umes. A central monitoring system can be installed
as stand alone on a room by room basis, but are more
eecuve, parucularly for larger hotels, when they
report back to a central locauon. This can enable sta
to monitor the status of rooms including occupancy,
energy consumpuon, maintenance issues (such as faulty
equipment), security issues and can be used to generate
trends of room usage stausucs that can be useful in future
planning for housekeeping, maintenance and other sta.
Automated adjustments could be made for heaung and
cooling when guests check in and out.
Exisng Hotels
Wireless BMS systems are available for installauon on
selecuve equipment at exisung faciliues. These systems
are expensive to install but exible.
Advantages:
Can save a signicant amount of energy (greater than
20%); Allows for trending and long term monitoring of
hotel use which can assist in planning for maintenance,
future expansion and reducing costs; Maintains opumum
environment for guests; Wireless systems can be used in
exible conference rooms/exhibiuon halls.
Disadvantages:
Cost premium depending on the level of sophisucauon;
Maintenance sta may be hesitant to adopt system;
Mouon sensors may be perceived as invasive by guests.
References:
Inncom Internauonal
www.inncom.com
DBS Lodging Technologies, LLC: Entergize
www.entergize.net/index.php
Minxon Hotel Technology Inc.
www.minxon.us
LTC Enterprises, LLC
www.lodgingtechnology.com
E-02, E-06, M-10
E-05 Building Management System (BMS)
1 Install Central Building Management
System (BMS)

1 Monitor BMS
Produce quarterly reports to ensure BMS
and connected systems are performing
correctly
Credited Actions
1 Install Central Building Management
System (BMS)

1 Monitor BMS
Produce quarterly reports to ensure BMS
and connected systems are performing
correctly
1 Connect Primary Meters to BMS

1 Connect Sub-Meters to BMS
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Popular in Europe and Asia, these systems are now
starung to appear in the US market. The systems recognise
when guests leave their rooms and save energy during
these umes. The system can detect Occupied and
Unoccupied modes by using either mouon detectors or
a key card holder at the door that the guests leave their
keys in when they are in the room.
The following sequence of operauons could be applicable
dependant on how advanced the installed guest room
control system is.
Guest removes card and exits room or is no longer
detected by mouon sensor.
Aer a predened period (eg 1 minute), room goes into
Unoccupied mode.
Electrical outlets power down with the excepuon of
one or two designated for charging guest laptops, mobile
phones, etc.
Lighung turns o which saves electrical power and also
reduces unwanted heat in the room.
Curtains could close to cut out solar gains heaung up
the room.
HVAC either turns o or sets back the temperature
control of the room. Outdoor air temperature sensors
can be used to help make this decision.
Outside air ow to the room and exhaust air ow from
the bathroom can damper down.
Noucauon of empty room goes back to central
system.
Display outside of door can noufy housekeeping sta
that the room is now unoccupied if desired.
When guest returns, the opposite happens.
These systems can be installed as stand alone on a room
by room basis, but are more eecuve, parucularly for
larger hotels, when they report back to a central locauon.
This can enable sta to monitor the status of rooms
including occupancy, energy consumpuon, maintenance
issues (such as faulty equipment), and can be used to
generate trends of room usage stausucs that can be
useful in future planning for housekeeping, maintenance
and other sta.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The em ciency of the system is maximised by linking it to
lighung, electrical, HVAC and metering systems.
Exisng Hotels
As this links with so many systems, it is most easily
implemented early in the design phase and may be
dim cult to retrot to exisung hotels.
Advantages:
Can save a signicant amount of energy some sources
say this could be in excess of 20%; Allows for trending
and long term monitoring of hotel use which can assist in
planning for maintenance and reducing costs.
Disadvantages:
Cost premium somewhere in the order of $400 per
room depending on the level of sophisucauon; Mouon
sensors may be perceived as invasive by guests.
E-06 Guest Room Master Switching
1 Provide Guest Room Master Switching
For at least 20% of guest rooms

Credited Actions
1 Provide Guest Room Master Switching
For at least 20% of guest rooms

1 Connect Guest Room Master Switching
to BMS

1 Trend and Report Informauon from
System Monthly

References:
Inncom Internauonal
www.inncom.com
DBS Lodging Technologies
E-05, E-10
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Energy Em cient Appliances
All appliances outside of guest rooms
(dishwashers, dryers, etc) shall be Energy
Star, EU Energy Label A, or the equivalent
local standard, rated

1 Energy Em cient Televisions
All televisions shall be Energy Star, EU
Energy Label A, or the equivalent local
standard, rated

1 Energy Em cient Guest Room Refrigerators
All guest room refrigerators shall be
Energy Star, EU Energy Label A, or the
equivalent local standard, rated

Narrative:
Energy em cient products use less energy and water, save
money, and help protect the environment. The US EPA
cerues energy em cient products with the Energy Star
label. Products in more than 50 categories are eligible for
Energy Star, the full list is at EPAs Energy Star website.
Other regions use their own standard for energy em cient
products including Australia and Europe.
Considerations:
New Hotels
For the hotel, energy em cient dishwashers, clothes
washers, dryers, ice machines, refrigerators, water
coolers, freezers, ovens, computers, copier/fax machines,
vending machines, exit signs, roof products, furnaces,
heat pumps, boilers and central air condiuoners could be
installed.
Guest rooms could include energy em cient clock radios,
ceiling fans, televisions, DVD players, refrigerators, and
room air condiuoners.
Exisng Hotels
Many of the exisung appliances and products throughout
the hotel could be upgraded to energy em cient appliances
and products.
Advantages:
Reduces energy cost and natural resources; Increases
guest sausfacuon; Can save 5-15% depending on what
appliances are used and the program of the hotel.
Disadvantages:
In some markets availability may not be able to meet
demand, this could have schedule impacts.
References:
US EPA: Energy Star
www.energystar.gov
US EPA: Energy Star Internauonal Partners
www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=partners.intl_
implementauon
Europe's Energy Portal: EU Energy Label
hup://www.energy.eu/focus/energy-label.php
W-04
E-07 Energy Eficient Appliances
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Pipe insulauon reduces heat loss or heat gain in pipes.
Solar thermal captures the suns energy for use in space
heaung and domesuc hot water. Low, medium and high
temperature systems can be selected to meet the end-
use requirements. Boilers should operate with electronic
control systems monitoring oxygen to minimise excess
air. Wherever possible traps shall be purchased within
the steam-using devices, with all other traps and drip leg
traps provided as necessary in the piping design. Water
cooling chillers reject heat (compressor heat) through its
cooling towers. The heat could be recovered and used
for domesuc hot water, which could potenually lead
to energy savings. Two types of chiller heat recovery
units are condensers (single and split) and templiers.
A single condenser heat recovery chiller is selected
to operate exiung contender water at 105F - 110F.
Split loop units use one loop to reject heat to a cooling
tower, while the other loop is used to collect heat for the
building. Templiers can recover low grade heat from the
condenser (centrifugal or reciprocaung compressor) and
convert it to high grade heat (140F - 160F).
Considerations:
New Hotels
Use insulauon wrap, breglass insulauon strips, or
polyethylene or neoprene foam pipe sleeves around
pipes. Blowdown heat recovery systems should be
considered to improve boiler em ciency. Solar collectors
should be south facing and inclined to the azimuth
angle of the site. Oen these sighung condiuons can
be fullled in a locauon that is also prominently visible.
Heat recovery is recommended for buildings (especially
hotels) with balanced cooling and heat loads (24 hour hot
water buildings, total installed heat rejecuon capacity of
water-cooled systems exceeds 6 million Btu/h and design
service water heaung load exceeds 1 million Btu/h).
Exisng Hotels
Replacing or upgrading an exisung boiler is a cost eecuve
measure to reducing water heaung costs. Repairing leaks,
installauon of blowdown heat recovery systems and
insulaung the boilers are other em ciency improvement
measures. Heat recovery units could be retroued.
Advantages:
Pipe insulauon signicantly reduces heaung and cooling
costs; Em cient boiler controls can reduce both energy
and water consumpuon; Solar thermal is an aordable,
em cient renewable technology which requires minimal
maintenance and can replace or reduce the need for
boiler or water heaters; Chiller heat recovery saves
heaung energy and can be ued onto exisung water
cooled chiller plants.
Disadvantages:
Solar thermal requires roof area and has a cost premium
(incenuves are usually available); Chiller heat recovery
increases complexity in chiller and increases cost; When
recovering heat, the chillers performance may decrease.
References:
Thermomax
www.thermomax-group.com
Ronald E. Jarnagin: Heat Recovery From Air Condiuoning
Units
www.p2pays.org/ref%5C08/07362.pdf
ASHRAE: Chiller Heat Recovery Guide
www.ashrae.org
M-08, W-04
E-08 Hot Water Contribution to Energy Reduction
IHG Green Engage/Soluons NH EH
1 Pipe Insulauon
Insulate all hot and chilled water pipes

1 Pipe Insulauon
Insulate all hot and chilled water pipes

1 Boiler Em ciency
Install an electronic control system

Credited Actions
1 Boiler Em ciency
Install an electronic control system

1 Solar Thermal
A minimum of 20% of hot water demand
from solar thermal unit

1 Chiller Heat Recovery for Domesuc Hot
Water Use
Install chiller heat recovery units for
domesnc water if applicable

Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFLs) are about 60%
more em cient than the standard incandescent bulbs
and available in a variety of shapes, sizes, and colour
temperatures to suit dierent applicauons. The overall
quality of CFLs has also increased: however, special care
should be taken when selecung CFLs as the quality and
performance varies. Like linear uorescent, CFLs have
ballasts and while they are predominantly non-dimmable
ballasts, dimmable CFLs are also available. Opumised
xture design, uulising a good balance of uplighung
and downlighung, is important to eliminate glare and
enhance visual acuity.
A smaller version of the compact uorescent, cold cathode
CFLs are becoming more popular for accent lighung and
elevator lighung in many hotels. They do not work well
for general illuminauon, but have very low em cacies and
come in a number of dierent colours.
There are many dierent incenuves for CFLs in new
and retrot applicauons and they vary widely by state.
Federal incenuves and tax credits are also available. For
more informauon visit: www.dsireusa.org.
LEDs boast em ciencies exceeding those of CFLs, however
at present are not sum ciently aordable or exible in
use to jusufy general use. However, they are suitable in
instances such as exit lighung and reading lamps.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The low capital costs and energy savings produced by
CFLs jusufy their installauon for all general lighung. LEDs
should be considered for exit signs and other specialised
uses. Individual task lighung, either CFLs or LEDs, can also
be used to supplement the ambient lighung. Lighung
power densiues can be further reduced through em cient
xture design and uulisauon of natural lighung.
Exisng Hotels
All incandescent bulbs should be replaced with CFLs.
Fixture design should be reevaluated in all refurbishments
to maximise the overall lighung em ciency.
Advantages:
Fluorescent lights have longer life than standard
incandescent bulbs (approximately 15,000 hours);
Available in all sorts of shapes, sizes, colour temperatures,
and dimming applicauons; Low capital costs and very
short payback (typically less than 2 years); Opumised
xture design can improve indoor environmental quality.
Disadvantages:
Higher costs than standard incandescent and very high
cost for dimming applicauons; CFLs contain mercury, a
hazardous material.
References:
US EPA: Energy Star
www.energystar.gov
The General Electric Company
www.gelighung.com
The Illuminaung Engineering Society
www.iesna.org
E-10, E-11
E-09 Energy Eficient Lighting
1 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Guest
Rooms

1 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in
Circulauon Spaces

1 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back
of House Spaces

1 Reduce Lighung Power Densiues
Maximum 9 W/m
2
in Guest Rooms

Credited Actions
1 Reduce Lighung Power Densiues
Maximum 9 W/m
2
in Guest Rooms

1 High Performance Lighung
Use LED or other high performance light
fu ngs in guest rooms.

Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for
Decorauve Fixtures
Provide occupancy sensors for lighnng
control in all corridors

1 Occupancy Sensors in Om ces
control in all og ces
control in all og ces
Credited Actions
1 Install Daylight Sensors in all Public
Spaces

1 Connect Daylight Sensors to
Guest Room Master Switching
Include a daylight override in master
switching system

1 Allow Daylight Sensors to Control
Perimeter Shades in Public Spaces

1 Occupancy Sensors in Mulu-Occupancy
Spaces
control in all muln- occupancy spaces

Narrative:
Hotels typically waste signicant energy unnecessarily
lighung areas that either are already receiving adequate
natural daylight or are unoccupied. The installauon
of daylight occupancy and sensors and controls can
eliminate this wastage and reduce hotel operaung costs.
Daylighung controls should be integrated with a building
envelope design that maximises daylighung. These
systems are used to reduce arucial lighung levels when
adequate daylighung is available, through either on-o
or dimming control of perimeter lights.
Occupancy sensors can also be used to automaucally shut
o lighung to unoccupied spaces. These controls are
parucularly eecuve for hotels, which typically have high
space occupancy diversity as people travel between their
rooms and various acuviues. Occupancy sensors can be
used in conjuncuon with manual overrides to provide for
high occupant control while maintaining a high degree of
energy em ciency
Considerations:
New Hotels
The use of photosensors in perimeter public spaces
will automaucally adjust light levels and reduce energy
consumpuon, but dimming controls and ballasts are
more expensive and will oen double the cost of the
ballast compared to a convenuonal system. Simple on-
o systems typically have a beuer rate of return than
dimming systems.
Layout and coverage pauern are criucal to proper
occupancy control system funcuonality. A combinauon of
scheduling devices and occupancy sensors can be used
to eecuvely limit the number of lights on aer regularly
occupied hours in om ce and mulu-occupancy spaces.
Types of occupancy sensors available including infrared,
ultra-sonic, radio frequency, and dual technologies.
Exisng Hotels
Daylight controls are best used on the perimeter of a
hotel near windows. Both daylighung and occupancy
controls may be incorporated into exisung systems but
can have a higher cost and increase system complexity.
Advantages:
Signicant energy savings by reducing arucial lighung
levels, oen with a high return on investment; More
uniform illuminauon level; Reduced cooling load due to
arucial light reducuon.
Disadvantages:
Require proper placement of sensors and maintenance of
systems to ensure lights do not switch o when daylight
levels are too low or when a space is occupied.
References:
The Illuminaung Engineering Society
www.iesna.org
Lutron Electronics Company, Inc
www.lutron.com
Legrand: WauStopper
www.waustopper.com
E-09, E-11, B-01, M-10
E-10 Lighting Systems Controls
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Timing Controls on all Up and Facade
Lighung
Shut the up and facade lights og between
the hours of 2am and 6am
Credited Actions
1 Timing Controls on all Up and Facade
Lighung
Shut the up and facade lights og between
the hours of 2am and 6am
1 Install Full Cut-O Luminaires

Narrative:
Light polluuon is the result of excessive and inem cient
use of arucial lighung. Forms of polluuon include light
trespass, over-illuminauon, glare, and sky glow. One of
the main causes of light polluuon is over-illuminauon.
For this reason, exterior illuminance levels should be
designed to the IESNA standards. Up to 30-40% of
exterior light might be cast into the night sky or o your
site boundary.
The selecuon of full cut o xtures prevents light being
unnecessarily emiued above the horizontal plane. This
eliminauon of direct glare will improve site security by
improving visual acuity. In addiuon to proper illuminance
lighung controls should be uulised to ensure interior
lighung is not on during unoccupied hours, allowing light
from windows to trespass beyond the buildings site.
Proper design could allow for the use of lower wauage
lamps to produce the desired illuminauon level.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Design teams should consider the reducuon of the
density of facade lighung, Up lighung landscaping and
excessive parking lighung. A simple strategy is to have
use low intensity light sources and closer intervals to
most accurately direct the illuminauon in the required
area. This strategy will both reduce the amount of energy
consumed for unnecessary light and reduce the amount
of light trespass on to adjacent properues
Exisng Hotels
The removal and relocauon of permanent exterior
luminaires can be costly and should deferred unul a
complete renovauon is scheduled. Operators should
however, consider a power density calculauon to idenufy
opportuniues for energy savings and the reducuon
of light trespass. For most exisung hotels, signicant
savings can be found in relamping xtures from a 400W
to a 250W High Pressure Sodium (PS) or Metal Halide
(MH) with aecung safety or security.
Advantages:
Energy savings from eliminaung wasted light that does
not serve the useful purpose intended.
Disadvantages:
A common misconcepuon is that if the light source is not
visible, the area is not bright enough for the intended
task. Lighung design must balance measured results with
percepuon.
References:
The Illuminaung Engineering Society of North America
www.iesna.org
E-9, E-10
E-11 Reduce Light Pollution
Narrative:
Alternauve/renewable energy is non-tradiuonal fuel
sources (tradiuonal fuel = coal, oil, etc) that do not use
up natural resources. Tradiuonal alternauve fuels for a
building are wind, solar, biomass and geothermal.
Solar power uses the suns direct and diuse radiauon
to acuvely generate electricity by means of photovoltaic
(PV) cell. The three main types of PV cells currently in
use are Monocrystalline, (presently most em cient),
polycrystalline and thin lm (cheapest but least em cient).
PVs have been developed to integrate into buildings
(BIPV) and some thin lm PVs are translucent and could
act as windows, while also generaung energy.
Wind power can be generated using small horizontal or
verucal axis wind turbines, which can be integrated into
the hotel structure or located elsewhere on the site.
Wind turbines are only feasible on sites with signicant
wind resources, and operate at much lower em ciency in
urban sem ngs.
A geothermal power system oers the opportunity to
use the Earths natural thermal energy, stored in hot or
molten rock several kilometres below the surface, to
generate heat and or electricity.
Cogeneraon (cogen) is the simultaneous producuon
of heat and power from one fuel source. Electricity is
generated by an engine spinning a generator. Waste
heat from the engine is captured and used to heat water.
Depending on the system uulised, the em ciency of
generauon may range from 24% to 40%. Aer waste heat
is captured, the total em ciency of the process may range
from 50% to 70% or greater. The goal of cogenerauon is
to produce electricity and heat at a lower cost per unit
and carbon footprint than can be achieved by purchasing
electricity and natural gas respecuvely.
Biomass encompasses an array of fuels including,
plant mauer, organic waste and sewage. Unlike many
renewable energy technologies, biomass energy can be
stored and consumed upon demand. Biomass can be
converted to electricity and heat through cogenerauon,
anaerobic digesuon, gasicauon and pyrolysis.
A ground source heat pump (GSHP) system uses
the earth as a thermal bauery to heat and/or cool
the building at considerably higher em ciency than
convenuonal heaung and cooling systems. A typical
GSHP consists of a series of buried pipe loops acung as
a closed loop ground heat exchanger, connected to a
number of reversible heat pumps. When compared to a
convenuonal water-cooled refrigerant circuit, the ground
loop performs the funcuon of the condenser loop and
heat rejecuon plant, but rejects heat from the building to
the ground rather than the atmosphere. Such a system
also works in reverse in winter, taking the place of a boiler
to absorb heat from the ground to heat the building.
Incenuves for such systems are available in some areas.
See: www.geoexchange.org/incenuves/incenuves
A thermal energy storage system is used to reduce a
buildings peak air condiuoning load. Chillers run during
o-peak hours to cool a storage tank of water or ice.
During peak hours, part of the cooling demand is met
by circulaung uid through the storage tank, reducing
the electrical demand and required cooling capacity of
the chiller. This can reduce the strain on the electrical
grid and can produce considerable savings under some
electric pricing structures, such as Time of Use rates.
While higher chiller em ciencies can be achieved due to
lower outdoor temperatures at night, any savings are
usually oset by system inem ciencies especially in ice
storage.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Alternauve energy feasibility is dependent on site locauon.
For wind, anemometers should be installed at least a year
before construcuon to test wind resources at the actual
site. Small horizontal axis turbines do not integrate well
within urban environments, however there are several
types of verucal axis turbines that have been made and
can be mounted in parking lots, on roofs, or integrated
in the faade. Solar is not as locauon dependant but
payback will be beuer in areas with high solar radiauon
values. Geothermal power generauon is only appropriate
on sites which have high levels of geothermal acuvity.
Cogenerauon should be considered where there is a
signicant heat load access to natural gas or biomass.
The primary use for cogen heat in a hotel is space heaung
and cooling. Heaung can be achieved through hot water
systems such as variable air volume with reheat. Cooling
can uulise heat in an absorpuon chiller. Viability of cogen
systems is highly dependent on primary fuel costs and the
cost of electricity from the local uulity grid. The ability to
use all recovered heat to displace heaung energy is also
very important to the system economics.
GSHPs can be an em cient approach for providing heaung
and cooling for a larger building with a high cost of
electricity. Considerauon should be given to ensure
heaung and cooling demands are equal to within 20%,
or the imbalance in heat ow will cause performance to
degrade over ume.
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 On-Site Electricity Generauon
Install a system to generate electricity
on-site, including solar, wind, geothermal
or cogeneranon.

1 Biomass
Use biomass as the primary fuel source
for an on-site generator.

1 Low Energy Technologies
Install a low energy system including
ground source heat pumps or thermal
storage.

Thermal storage tanks are relauvely inexpensive and
compact. This system is most eecuve when there is a
high peak cooling demand and low o-peak demand.
This is not a typical hotel pauern. The savings depends
on the electricity pricing structure, but may be as high
as 10%.
Exisng Hotels
Solar and wind power can be added to addiuonal faciliues.
A geothermal system is costly and requires alterauons to
exisung electrical and mechanical systems.
Cogen is not recommended for exisung faciliues without
access to natural gas or biomass. If the exisung boiler
systems and layout of the hotel permits easy replacement
then cogen might be advantageous and reduce heaung
costs.
Ground source heat pump systems are costly to install in
exisung hotels as excavauon of a signicant amount of
land is necessary. They may also make exisung boilers
and chillers redundant.
Some chillers can support the addiuon of a water-based
thermal energy storage system, though there will be
addiuonal space requirements, temperature issues, and
working uid issues.
Advantages:
Renewable energy systems are a highly visible signs of
sustainability; Can reduce operaung costs through energy
generauon; May qualify for signicant incenuves.
Biomass and cogen plants can be shut down during
periods of low energy demand, producing a auer
electrical demand curve that can benet uuliues and lead
to decreased rate structures; Can be used as a primary
source of energy during a power outage.
Ground source heat pumps can deliver good energy
savings; Can eliminate the need for cooling towers;
Relauvely low maintenance.
Thermal energy storage can lower capital costs due to
smaller sized chiller; Lower energy costs under some rate
structures.
Disadvantages:
In most cases renewables do not generate a viable
payback scenario to make them economically feasible.
Biomass and cogen plants create a signicant amount of
noise and would require sound auenuauon if placed in
the development district; Requires a reliable fuel source.
GSHPs can cost up to $1000 per ton of cooling and do not
work well in climates where the heaung load does not
balance the cooling load.
Capital cost of thermal energy storage tank may oset
any savings.
References:
U.S. DOE: Energy Em ciency and Renewable Energy
www.eere.energy.gov
European Renewable Energy Council
www.erec.org/facts-and-gures.html
DSIRE: Database of State Incenuves for Renewable
Energy (DSIRE)
www.dsireusa.org
Cogenerauon Technologies
www.cogenerauon.net/terms.htm
None
The building envelope is used to maintain occupant
comfort and regulate indoor environmental quality. The
envelope consists of roofs, walls, windows, doors and
oors.
In general, the following auributes should be considered
for each climate zone:
Arid
Materials with high thermal mass are favoured, along
with external insulauon. Concrete, masonry and adobe
are all suitable materials. Adequate thermal mass will
absorb solar heat during the day and release the heat
at night. Finishes with high reecuvity and wall shading
should be used to reduce solar gains. Use plants and
other devices for external shading.
Hot-Humid
Materials with low thermal mass are favoured. In some
cases, masonry is used because of its durability. High
reecuvity materials are suitable. Use plants and other
devices to shade the building.
Temperate
Materials and construcuon vary for specic climate
condiuons and heaung/cooling strategy.
Cold-Alpine
Generally, a convenuonally heated building should not
have high thermal mass, as this can increase the ume
required to meet thermal comfort condiuons. However
if solar heaung will be used, a high thermal mass can
be advantageous. Envelopes with low inltrauon and
opumised insulauon are very eecuve for this climate.
B-01 Opumise Daylighung Design
B-02 Opumise Faade Design
B-03 Cool Roong Systems
B-04 Air Inltrauon Reducuon Measures
B-05 Acousuc Isolauon
Building Envelope Action Groups B-01 to B-05
Narrative:
Windows provide a visual connecuon with the outdoors,
natural light and solar heaung. Opumising glazing
materials and window design can have a signicant
impact on increasing building energy performance.
Use of low-E coaungs and double-paned windows can
improve glazing thermal performance. A Low-E coaung
is a metal lm, which reduces the emissivity of glass (or
the E in low-E), and thus the amount of heat that is lost
or gained (transmission). Windows manufactured with
Low-E coaungs typically cost 10%15% more than regular
windows, but reduce energy transmission through a
window by 30%50%.
The size and orientauon of windows must also be
considered. Typical window to wall rauos range from
20% to 50% and should be opumised for locauon.
Shading strategies should be considered in the design
process. Opumally designed shading will allow sunlight
penetrauon during heaung periods and block it during
cooling periods.
To maximise energy savings, opumised daylighung design
should be combined with photo sensors linked to the
arucial lighung in the building. The generally accepted
goal for daylight, which is dened by the BRE and the
USGBC, is to design for 75% of regularly occupied spaces
to achieve 25 footcandles (250 lux) of illuminauon from
daylight on the task plane.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Low-E, double glazed windows may be applied to an enure
hotel or to specic orientauons. This is most benecial in
extreme climates and in guest rooms with large windows.
The shading design will depend on climate, lautude and
building layout. Shade planung should be considered
Exisng Hotels
Replacement of exisung windows should be considered
when remodelling exisung hotels 30 years or older.
Installauon of shading devices in exisung hotels is costly
and generally only appropriate in refurbishments. Interior
shading such as curtains can be used in other cases
Advantages:
Improved comfort and indoor environmental quality due
to reduced solar heat gain and greater access to natural
light; Reduces heaung and cooling equipment sizes along
with running costs.
Disadvantages:
Higher cost premium; Reduces useful winter solar heat.
Shading may be challenging to incorporate into some
architectural schemes.
References:
AGT: Guide to Glazing, Finish Opuons and Performance
www.agtglazing.com/technical-binder/guide/index.php
Savannah Trims: Shuuer Studio
www.shuuerstudio.com
Illuminaung Engineering Society of North America
www.iesna.org
E-10, B-02, M-02
B-01 Optimise Daylighting Design
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Low-E Glazing
Maximum glazing assembly U-value of
0.30
1 Opumised Window to Wall Rauo
Vision glass not to exceed 40%
OR Provide external verncal shading
that extends 1.2 metres (4 feet)
beyond exterior wall at each foor
OR Provide energy model demonstranng
glass performance is equivalent to glazing
requirements outlined in appendix
Credited Actions
1 Low-E Glazing
Maximum glazing assembly U-value of
0.30
1 High Performance Glazing

Installanon of double glazed argon or
krypton flled units in all guest rooms

1 Sunpath Analysis
Analysis of hotel to idennfy shading
opportunines
1 Shading Design
Design shading for 4 orientanons based
on analysis results
1 Shade Planungs
Plannng as required by analysis

1 Allow for Natural Light in Corridors
25 footcandles of natural light in at least
75% of corridor spaces

Narrative:
The faade design of a building not only determines its
external appearance, but can also have a large impact on
energy consumpuon. Em cient design is dependent on a
number of factors, including climate and the buildings
mechanical systems.
Through analysis of energy savings and costs, wall
insulauon can be opumised for any building and climate.
Generally more insulauon is desirable in climates
with extreme temperatures: hot, cold, or both. In
cold climates, insulauon reduces heaung costs. In hot
climates, it minimises air condiuoning costs. In temperate
climates where natural venulauon is appropriate, too
much insulauon may increase energy costs. Therefore,
opumisauon of insulauon should be performed on a
climate by climate basis.
Thermally broken faade details can also be used, typically
in cold climates, to reduce heat ow. A piece of insulaung
material is used to separate interior and exterior details,
for example aluminium spacers in glass panels, thereby
reducing heat ow across the panel.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Climate must be considered when designing faades. In
very cold climates, well insulated faades with thermally
broken details are most appropriate. In hot, arid
climates, green faades should be considered. In each
case, the buildings faade and mechanical systems must
be considered together.
Exisng Hotels
Retrom ngof adierent faadesystemis onlyappropriate
if a major refurbishment is being undertaken, and the
building is greater than 30 years old . Installauon of
insulauon in exisung buildings is also far less cost eecuve
than for new construcuon.
Advantages:
Decreases energy losses through the building envelope;
Maintains comfortable interior wall surfaces for
occupants by reducing radiant temperatures; Using
appropriate insulauon levels and applying vapour
barriers to the warm side of the insulauon reduces the
potenual for moisture damage; Increasing insulauon can
reduce heaung and cooling plant and equipment sizes;
Green faades lter air, provide natural cooling and are
visually pleasing; Double faades can reduce building
heaung loads and improve air quality by introducing
more outside air.
Disadvantages:
Increasing faade thermal performance above stringent
energy code requirements is only appropriate in some
climates and does not necessarily have a high return on
investment; Innovauve facades have high installauon
costs and long payback periods; Double faades only
suitable with parucular air condiuoning systems.
References:
Owens Corning
www.owenscorning.com
John Manville
www.jm.com
B-01, B-03, B-04
B-02 Optimise Faade Design
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Meet ASHRAE Recommendauons for
Climate Zone

Credited Actions
1 Exceed ASHRAE Recommendauons for
Climate Zone
Except in temperate climates where
natural vennlanon is being used
1 Use Environmentally Preferable Insulaung

Materials
All insulanng materials used must be
non-ozone deplenng/recycled materials/
rapidly renewable materials/IAQ sensinve
1 Thermally Broken Faade Details

Explore alternanve facades condinons for
climate zone
1 Innovauve Faades
Double faade, vennlated faade or green
wall used in appropriate climate zone,
where analysis shows this will improve
building eg ciency

Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Roof System Selecuon
All low-sloped roofs must have an SRI of
<78 and steep-sloped roofs an SRI of <29
Credited Actions
1 Roof System Selecuon
All low-sloped roofs must have an SRI of
<78 and steep-sloped roofs an SRI of <29
1 Reecuvity of 65%,
Overall roof refecnvity must exceed 65%,
with a thermal emiuance of 0.9 or more
for 50% of roof

1 Reecuvity of 87%
Overall roof refecnvity must exceed 87%,
with a thermal emiuance of 0.9 or more
for 100% of roof

Narrative:
The term heat island refers to urban air and surface
temperatures that are higher than nearby rural areas,
caused by the high density of dark roofs and paving that
absorb heat. The elevated temperature associated with
heat island eect leads to increased building cooling
loads.
A roof with high solar reecuvity, typically white in
colour, is called a cool roof, and can be used to reduce
heat island eect. Reecuve cool roofs can reduce roof
surface temperatures by up to 100F. This will in turn
lower the cooling energy used by a building. Another
benet of the cool roof is that the lower temperature
will cause less expansion and contracuon of the roof
materials, extending their useful life.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Hotels located in urban areas are most likely to be
impacted by heat island eect. Cool roong systems may
oer signicant benets in terms of comfort and cost.
Packaged rooop air condiuoners will operate more
em ciently on a cool roof than on a tradiuonal roof.
Exisng Hotels
Hotels in temperate and hot climates, especially in urban
areas, should consider a cool roof when roof replacement
is being done.
Advantages:
Reduces roong replacement costs due to long life
material; Lowers HVAC system energy consumpuon,
thereby saving money; Reduces heat island eect in ciues
and suburbs; Reduces roong material sent to landlls;
Reduces air polluuon and smog formauon due to reduced
roof temperature and heat island eect.
Disadvantages:
35% to 50% of reectance on a cool roof can be lost if the
roof is not kept clean from dirt. Maintenance is needed
every few months to keep at design condiuon; Cool roof
at the Podium level may reect an undesirable level of
light up towards the guest rooms.
References:
US EPA: Heat Island Reducuon Iniuauve
www.epa.gov/hiri
US EPA, US DOE: Energy Star
www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=roof_prods.pr_roof_
products
Cool Roof Raung Council
www.coolroofs.org
Johns Manville
www.jm.com
B-02
Cool Rooing Systems B-03
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Install Weatherstripping on all Guest
Room Windows

1 Use of Outdoor Air to Minimise
Inltrauon

Credited Actions
1 Install Building Pressurisauon Controls
1 Outdoor Air Filtrauon
Maintain a minimum MERV 11 fltranon
media
1 Incorporate Building Pressurisauon

Controls into BMS

1 Develop Plan for Correcuve Acuon when
System Alarms

Narrative:
Inltrauon of untreated outdoor air to indoor spaces
occurs when a buildings indoor pressure is less than the
outdoor air pressure. This causes outdoor air to leak in
the building, via cracks around doors and windows and
even through exterior walls.
This outdoor air has not been condiuoned or dehumidied,
resulung in uncomfortable temperatures and humidity
levels. If the outdoor air is humid, condensauon can
form on cold surfaces. This can cause mildew and other
problems. Unltered outdoor air coming can also carry
paruculates and dirt.
To minimise inltrauon, the ltered outdoor air brought
into the building must be supplied to create a posiuvely
pressurised building. This will cause air to push out of
the building rather than in. Addiuonally, the construcuon
of the building should be weather ught, using well-built
doors and windows with weather-stripping around
them.
For larger resorts with high square footage, building
pressurisauon controls can be used in conjuncuon with a
building management system. The pressure sensors will
report when pressure has fallen below the acceptable
levels and the BMS relays to the air-handling unit to
supply more condiuoned air, thus increasing the pressure
and avoiding inltrauon.
Considerations:
New Hotels
All new hotels should be built with construcuon materials
that minimise inltrauon and should be posiuvely
pressurised using a mechanical system.
Exisng Hotels
Weather stripping should be installed on exisung doors
and windows, and all cracks and building envelope
failures should be repaired.
Advantages:
Indoor environment is healthier; Energy costs are lower
because systems are not loaded by uncondiuoned air.
Disadvantages:
Building commissioning is required to ensure correct
pressurisauon is being achieved.
References:
None
E-05, B-02, M-01, M-02, P-07
Air Iniltration Reduction Measures B-04
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Precerucauon of Mechanical Equipment
for Noise Reducuon
Meet Noise Criteria of 35 or beuer at
medium speed
1 Isolate Building Air Intakes and Ouuakes

Locate at least 18 metres (60 feet) from
operable guest room windows
1 Isolate Kitchen, Dining and Waste Areas

Locate at least 36 metres (120 feet) from
guest rooms
1 Use Reverberauon Control in Kitchen,

Dining and Waste Areas
Use absorpnve materials to achieve
reverberanon control
1 Room to Room Noise Isolauon

STC level of 50 or greater

Narrative:
Noise is dened as being unwanted sound. It has the
ability to disturb sleep and cause stress. In general, noise
in buildings comes from 3 sources:
(a) environmental (tram c, adjacent acuviues, construcuon
etc)
(b) building operauon (noise from MEP services)
(c) occupauonal (from human acuvity).
The combinauon of noise from all of these sources must
be appropriately miugated and balanced to achieve
success in hotel design. This requires an integrated
design approach.
The criteria and metrics vary between spaces based on
funcuon (bedrooms, lounges, om ces, spas etc).
Considerations:
New Hotels
Appropriate shell and core, wall, oor and facade
acousuc performance should be considered. Venulauon
approach should also be considered. Successful acousuc
design is achieved by separate noise producing spaces
(mechanical rooms, kitchen, elevators, garbage and
laundry shoots etc) from quiet spaces (bedrooms,
lounges etc) horizontally and verucally.
Exisng Hotels
Acousuc issues should be considered during major
refurbishments or retrots.
Advantages:
Increased privacy and improved acousuc comfort levels
for guests and sta.
Disadvantages:
Some noise control approaches require rouune
maintenance; Relocauon of noise producing or quiet
spaces.
References:
The Engineering Toolbox: Room Criterion Curves
www.engineeringtoolbox.com/rc-room-criteria-d_729.
html
Acousucs.com: Codes and Tesung
www.acousucs.com/stc.asp; www.acousucs.com/iic.asp
Reverberauon Time
www.reverberauonume.com
None
Acoustic Isolation B-05
Mechanical systems present many opportuniues to save
energy, resources, and money. In addiuon, mechanical
systems can help achieve improved comfort and air
quality for guests. The appropriate mechanical systems
and equipment for a project are dependent upon several
factors including:
Climate
Types of rooms and their clientele
Orientauon of building
Availability of parts, equipment, and skilled labour
Mechanical systems may be acuve or passive and
appropriate condiuons and improved em ciency can
be achieved through both equipment and controls. To
determine the correct HVAC systems and accredited
acuons to use for a new hotel, it is recommended that
an energy audit of an exisung similar hotel in the same
climate zone be done. This will reveal which strategies
could present the most savings. The accredited acuons
should not all be done together, in fact, some would be
counter-producuve depending on the climate zone.
M-01 Fresh Air Delivery
M-02 Natural Venulauon
M-03 Guest Room HVAC Equipment Selecuon
M-04 Water Cooled Chillers
M-05 Addiuonal Cooling Systems
M-06 Refrigerant Management
M-07 Economiser Modes
M-08 Heat Recovery
M-09 4 Degree Deadband
M-10 Enhanced HVAC Guest Room Controls & CO
2
Monitoring
M-11 Motor Energy Em ciency
M-01 to M-11 Mechanical Action Groups
M-01 Fresh Air Delivery
coordinated with bathroom exhaust shas. Control of air
distribuuon should be integrated with controls dampers,
guest room master switching and CO2 sensors if such
systems are in place.
All new venulauon systems must be designed and installed
to meet ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 for minimum
outdoor air rates, and tested to prove compliance.
Exisng Hotels
Central air distribuuon oen requires a new mechanical
chase to be built to each guest room, which is not pracucal
unless a total architectural and mechanical renovauon is
being done.
Hotels that have been constructed or undergone
commissioning in the last 5 years can use this
documentauon to show that outdoor air rates meet
ASHRAE 62.1-2007. Otherwise, tesung of the air handlers
must be performed by either the hotel engineer or a third
party tesung and balancing technician.
Hotels that cannot meet ASHRAE 62.1-2007 must show
that at least 10 cfm of outdoor air per person can be
supplied under all normal operaung condiuons.
Advantages:
Beuer indoor air quality; Improved pressurisauon
control; Increased em ciency of condiuoning the outdoor
air; Demand venulauon reduces energy demand.
Disadvantages:
Requires a capital cost for the separate outside air unit;
but does present a payback due to reduced inltrauon
and reduced outside air ows; Controls system not
available for all hotels.
References:
ASHRAE - www.ashrae.org
M-02, M-03, M-07, M-10
Narrative:
Outdoor air in hotel rooms is oen delivered to hotel
rooms using through the wall air condiuoning units.
These units are oen not well-equipped to handle a
high heat load, someumes resulung in excess humidity,
mould, and poor air quality.
Supplying the outdoor air to hotel rooms through
a central system allows for beuer control over the
temperature, humidity and amount of outdoor air to
each room, creaung a more comfortable environment. A
central unit allows for ease in maintenance and creates
fewer disrupuons in guest rooms. It also controls building
pressurisauon, which can help prevent inltrauon.
If the hotel has a building management system, then
demand venulauon may also be implemented to reduce
venulauon rates when a room is unoccupied by use of a
control system and CO2 sensors. This can produce energy
savings of approximately 10%.
Displacement venulauon supplies air at low levels
and uses the natural buoyancy of air to raise heat and
contaminants to the exhaust at the top of the room.
Supply air can reduce cooling, heaung and fan energy
consumpuon by supplying air from an underoor plenum
or mechanical chase at low velocity, at a temperature
closer to the desired room temperature, compared with
convenuonal overhead systems.
A minimum indoor air quality must be provided for all
occupants - sta and guests. ASHRAE Standard 62.1-
2007 mandates the minimum venulauon rates for new
hotels. Exisung hotels must meet these standards or
provide at least 10 cfm per person.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The design of new hotels needs to allow for a central air
handling unit and mechanical shas for the ductwork
to supply air to each room. This ductwork can be
All climates, during appropriate seasons
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Verify Minimum Outdoor Air Rates
Comply with ASHRAE Standard 62.1-
2007 (New Hotels) or a rate of 10 cfm
per person under all normal operanng
condinons (Exisnng Hotels)

1 Installauon of Central AHU for Fresh Air
Credited Actions
1 Demand Venulauon
Install in all guest rooms: higher
vennlanon rates during occupancy,
minimum rates when unoccupied (per
ASHRAE 62.1-2007)
1 CO
2
Sensors
Install CO
2
sensors in all public/muln-
occupant spaces
1 Displacement Venulauon
Use of displacement vennlanon to supply
outside air to all guest rooms

LEED EQp1
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Operable Windows in all Rooms
Window opening should be 4% of room
foor area - not to exceed 10 cm (4 inch)
opening

on climate and the willingness of guests to open the
windows. In common areas such as foyers, careful design
is necessary to ensure minimum levels of outside air are
delivered. Natural venulauon should only be used when
it can provide comfortable condiuons. On extreme days,
the central venulauon unit should be used instead.
Exisng Hotels
Installauon of operable windows and A/C lockouts should
be considered in rooms where the climate is suitable.
Conversion of larger areas such as foyers to natural
venulauon/mixed mode operauon can be complex and
costly and would typically only be undertaken as part of a
redevelopment/redesign.
Advantages:
Maximises venulauon air; No energy use; Guests will feel
more connected with the outdoors.
Disadvantages:
Added costs of operable windows and A/C lockout
controls.
References:
Nauonal Insutute of Building Sciences
www.wbdg.org/resources/naturalvenulauon.php
NIST: Building and Fire Research Laboratory
hup://re.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build01/PDF/b01073.pdf
B-01, B-02, M-01
Narrative:
To save energy, modern air condiuoned buildings
typically re-circulate used room air, which can diminish
indoor air quality and can aect occupant comfort and
producuvity. Using natural venulauon in appropriate
weather can reduce building energy use and improve
occupant comfort. Typically, natural venulauon can be
used to venulate up to around 6 metres (18 feet) depth
from a window, or a oor plate depth of up to 12 metres
(40 feet) for cross venulauon.
In summer months the temperature dierence between
inside and outside will be small and very liule cooling
eecuveness will be available. Eorts should therefore be
made to minimise heat gains to the building through:
Shading, Light shelves / natural daylighung
Arucial lighung controls
Increased insulauon
High em ciency glazing
Orientauon
Wind invesugauons
Due to the expectauons of hotel guests, it will not be
feasible to use natural venulauon for the whole year. In
most climates, the building will have to use convenuonal
heaung and cooling systems for peak winter and summer
periods. Natural venulauon may also be unsuitable in
areas with year-round extreme temperatures or high
humidity.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Natural venulauon can be incorporated by including
operable windows in each guest room with an exterior
wall, in conjuncuon with A/C lockouts when windows
are open. The amount of energy saved will depend
M-02 Natural Ventilation
All climates, during appropriate seasons
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 No Through the Wall Heat Pumps (PTACs)
1 No 2-Pipe Fan Coil Units with Electric
Heat

Credited Actions
1 No Through the Wall Heat Pumps (PTACs)
1 No 2-Pipe Fan Coil Units with Electric
Heat

1 Water Source Heat Pumps or 4-Pipe Fan
Coil Units or VAVs in Guest Rooms

Narrative:
In hotels, guest rooms are oen served with using through
the wall heat pump units (PTACs). These are easy to install
on a room level because they do not require piping, they
do not require a separate outdoor compressor unit, and
they do not require ductwork. Unfortunately, most units
do not provide ught temperature or humidity control, are
oen noisy, and are energy inem cient.
Providing guest rooms with beuer HVAC units would
achieve higher guest comfort, ease maintenance, and
save energy. The type of hotel, the climate zone it is
located in, the orientauon of the exterior rooms, and the
layout of the overall building must be considered before
picking the system that is right for the hotel.
Water source heat pumps are typically 25% more em cient
than PTACs and use a condenser water system. They are
easy to install and inexpensive, but sull not as em cient as
other systems that can be used.
Four-pipe fan coil units provide cooling and heaung
from a central plant piped to the guest rooms, which
provides beuer energy em ciency than PTACs and beuer
temperature control and lower noise. They oer an
improvement in energy em ciency of approximately 15%.
A variable-air-volume (VAV) air-handling system would
require a central air-handling unit that would be ducted
to VAV boxes in each room. The VAV boxes would open
and close in response to the thermostat in each room.
The outdoor air could be supplied either through the
VAV system or separately. These are generally the most
em cient systems, oering energy savings of 25-30%. If the
VAV system is selected in the cold or temperate climates,
use of fan-powered parallel VAV boxes in the room will
produce an addiuonal energy savings by reusing room
heat during the winter.
Considerations:
New Hotels
New hotels pose the best opportunity to integrate
the best HVAC system for a climate, building type,
and building size. VAV units require a ceiling cavity,
while heat pumps and usually fan coil units require an
architectural enclosure. VAV systems require a BMS and
require commissioning and would only be applicable in
large scale resorts.
Exisng Hotels
As HVAC systems are upgraded or replaced, a more
em cient system for that climate and hotel type should
be used to ensure energy savings and beuer room
condiuons.
Advantages:
Guests are more comfortable; Saves building energy costs;
New equipment can be ued into building management
systems.
Disadvantages:
Can have higher capital costs due to equipment, controls,
sheet metal and piping costs.
References:
INNCOM Technologies
www.inncom.com
DBS Lodging Technologies
www.entergize
LTC Enterprise, LLC: Lodging Technology
E-06, M-01, M-06, M-07, M-08, M-09, M-10
M-03 Guest Room HVAC Equipment Selection
All climates
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Water Cooled Chillers
Install water cooled chillers in lieu of
air cooled chillers in hot climates where
water is abundant

Narrative:
In an air condiuoning system, supply air removes heat
from the spaces if the outside air is warmer than the
required supply air temperature. Chilled water or
another medium is used to remove heat from the supply
air. The heat that is captured in the chilled water loop is
then rejected by the chiller either directly to air or to a
condenser water system that will reject heat using either
a cooling tower or a dry cooler.
The dierence in em ciency between air cooled and water
cooled systems is climate and weather specic. The
outdoor dry bulb temperature is the primary factor for air
cooled systems and the outdoor wet bulb is the primary
factor for water cooled systems.
When using a condenser water system, dry coolers are
less em cient than cooling towers, so if a chiller is used
it should be air cooled or have a cooling tower. At a
certain tonnage of HVAC, it becomes more cost em cient
to have a cooling tower and a water cooled chiller than
an air cooled chiller. A rule of thumb is that for cooling
loads in excess of 200 tons, a water-cooled system will
likely be the best choice for the life of the system. The
system in the modelled hotel had a cooling load of less
200 tons, yet using a water cooled chiller sull yielded
energy savings of approximately 10% over an air cooled
chiller in hot/humid and hot/dry climates. The benets
in temperate and cold climates were negligible. Before
deciding to use a water cooled chiller, system tonnage
and climate should be considered.
When compared to air cooled systems, purchasing a water
cooled system will require a higher capital investment,
mainly due to the cooling tower, condenser water pumps,
and piping. They will also require addiuonal maintenance,
including specic water treatment requirements. For
larger systems however, these downsides are usually
oset by the overall energy savings.
Considerations:
New Hotels
This must be considered with regard to a number of other
credits. Water cooled chillers will likely be appropriate
for a large, centralised HVAC system, but are unsuitable
for smaller systems. More detailed analysis is necessary
based on weather and internal load data.
Exisng Hotels
The dierence in structure between air and water-cooled
chillers makes conversion of exisung systems dim cult and
costly, and should only be considered if replacement or
extensive repair of an exisung chiller is necessary.
Advantages:
Smaller footprint size; Lower energy costs; Quieter; Beuer
capacity control; Ability to use waterside economisers.
Disadvantages:
Higher capital investment; Increased water consumpuon;
Without proper maintenance, there can be a risk of
Legionnaires disease.
References:
Johnson Controls: York Products and Services
www.york.com
Trane Chillers
hup://www.trane.com/commercial/dna/view.
aspx?i=975
United Technologies Company: Carrier
www.carrier.com
M-05, M-06, M-07, M-08, W-04
Water Cooled Chillers M-04
Hot climates for smaller buildings, all climates for large resorts
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
In some climates and hotel sites, innovauve cooling
strategies such as evaporauve or absorpuon cooling can
be employed to eecuvely save energy and operaung
costs over convenuonal air condiuoning systems. These
strategies can be complex and require thoughuul design
considering the climate and usage of the building. To
determine if any non-tradiuonal system should be
incorporated into a hotel, an energy model should be
done to study the system and realise if both cost and
energy use are reduced.
A direct evaporauve cooling system passes dry outdoor
air through pads kept moist through water saturauon.
Cooling is achieved because heat from the air is used to
evaporate the water. This process also results in increased
humidity. An indirect system passes the supply air through
a heat exchanger so that the humidity stays out of the air
stream. This can produce total energy savings of 4% in a
hot dry climate, and 1-2% in other climates.
The potenual for evaporauve cooling is measured by
the dierence in dry bulb temperature and wet bulb
temperatures. While dry climates have greater potenual
for evaporauve cooling they typically do not have
abundant water resources. Energy saving are achieved
because minimal mechanical energy is required other
than the fan energy. The trade o between energy
savings and increased water consumpuon should be
considered in the context of the local ecology and uulity
prices. Moreover, the osite energy savings are limited
because of the energy intense processes associated with
water treatment and transportauon.
An absorpuon chiller uses a heat source to generaung
cooling. While this process is less em cient than that of
a convenuonal vapour-compression chiller, savings can
sull be realised where solar thermal or waste heat is
available. Where steam is available, a double eect cycle
can increase the em ciency by 50% over single eect.
Absorpuon chillers do not consume electricity or CFC
or HCFC refrigerants, however commonly have lower
reliability than other chillers.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Hotels located in hot dry climates may consider using
evaporauve coolers. Controls should be used so as not
to exceed comfortable and safe humidity levels. An
indirect system should be used where humidicauon is
not desired.
A hotel site that is appropriately situated for solar
thermal, or that will generate signicant waste heat,
should consider an indirect red single eect absorpuon
chiller to uulise this thermal energy. This is a HVAC good
system to use when fuel cells or a CHP plant are in the
design.
Exisng Hotels
These systems should only be considered when an
extensive refurbishment or replacement of the exisung
cooling plant is necessary.
Advantages:
Evaporauve cooling can oer signicant energy savings;
Reduces the size of cooling equipment
Absorpuon chillers can reduce electrical usage and waste
heat; Possibility of using renewable sources such as solar
thermal or fuel cells to re absorpuon chiller; Eliminauon
of CFC and HCFC refrigerants.
Disadvantages:
Evaporauve cooling requires a trade o between water
and energy consumpuon; Needs maintenance - potenual
exposure to Legionnaires disease; May make air too
humid, psychometrics should be studied.
Absorpuon cooling systems have higher capital cost;
Lower reliability.
Additional Cooling Systems M-05
References:
Thomas & Beus: Reznor HVAC Soluuons
www.rezspec.com
California Energy Commission: Consumer Energy Centre
www.consumerenergycenter.org/home/heaung_
cooling/evaporauve.html
US DOE: Energy Em ciency and Renewable Energy
www.eere.energy.gov/consumer/your_home/space_
heaung_cooling/index.cfm/mytopic=12360
E-12, M-04, M-06
Credited Actions
1 Evaporauve Cooling System
Install evaporanve cooling system in all
climates in where water is abundant

1 Absorpuon Cooling System
Install absorpnon cooling system in hot-
humid and temperate climate zones

Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
A refrigerant is a uid used in a machine that is
designed to pump heat from a lower temperature heat
source to a higher temperature heat sink. CFCs, HCFCs,
HFCs, ammonia, water, and CO
2
are dierent types of
refrigerants.
CFCs in parucular are known to deplete the ozone layer.
As a result, the use of CFCs has been phased out in most
developed countries since the signing of the Montreal
Protocol in 1989, while developing countries have unul
2010 to eliminate their use. Addiuonally, HCFCs cause
damage to the ozone layer and are also being phased
out.
The Ozone Depleuon Potenual (ODP) measures the
eect of the selected refrigerant on the ozone layer.
The Global Warming Potenual (GWP) measures the
eect of the refrigerant on global warming. ODP and
GWP calculauons ensure that the most environmentally
friendly refrigerant is used.
Considerations:
New Hotels
When selecung refrigerants for HVAC and cooling
equipment, the ozone depleuon potenual and the global
warming potenual should be researched and calculated.
The lifeume of the equipment, refrigerant charge,
and amount of refrigerant are all values that must be
considered when selecung refrigerants.
Exisng Hotels
Exisung hotels that use CFCs and HCFCs in HVAC and
cooling equipment should begin a phase-out program and
replace exisung refrigerants (if possible) or equipment.
Since producuon of these refrigerants is or will be
disconunued, the availability will decrease over ume.
Advantages:
Liule or zero ozone depleuon potenual; Less impact on
global warming.
Disadvantages:
Cooling system or plant replacement is expensive; this
should only be considered when HVAC systems are being
refurbished.
References:
United Nauons Environment Programme: Scienuc
Assessment of Ozone Depleuon
www.unep.ch/ozone/Assessment_Panels/SAP/
Scienuc_Assessment_2006/index.shtml
US EPA: Lisung of Global Warming Potenual for Ozone-
Depleung Substances.
www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-AIR/1995/October/Day-11/
pr-1117.html
M-03, M-04, M-05
1 No CFCs in HVAC and Refrigerauon
Systems

Credited Actions
1 Phase Out or No HCFCs
LEED EAp3
M-06 Refrigerant Management
All climates
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Airside Economisers on Central AHUs
Provide 0-100% airside economiser on
all central air handling units, provide the
right type of controls per ASHRAE 90.1-
2004
Credited Actions
1 Airside Economisers on Central AHUs
Provide 0-100% airside economiser on
all central air handling units, provide the
right type of controls per ASHRAE 90.1-
2004
1 Heat Exchanger for Waterside Economiser

Provide heat exchanger for waterside
economiser for chilled water system

Narrative:
When the outdoor air temperature is at or below the
supply air temperature, an airside economiser mode
on an air handler achieves free cooling by using more
outdoor air instead of cooling the return air. This can also
be done when the outdoor air is greater than the supply
air temperature, but less than the return air temperature.
An enthalpy economiser mode has addiuonal control to
compare enthalpy rather than temperature to ensure
that outdoor air is only used when the enthalpy is lower
than the return air enthalpy.
Economiser mode is required by ASHRAE 90.1-2004
for systems of certain sizes, dependent on climate
zone. Dierent controls for economiser mode are also
recommended based on climate zone.
While airside economisers are more common and oer
a large savings, economisers can also be used in water
systems when it is cold outside and cooling is sull required
inside. This is typical of interior spaces with high loads,
such as conference rooms and meeung spaces in hotels.
The economiser mode consists of running the cooling
tower condenser loop through a heat exchanger rather
than operaung the chiller.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Economisers should be considered in relauon to on site-
specic factors such as climate, and various other HVAC-
related credits. Economiser cycles are most benecial
in areas with cooler or temperate climates, and may not
be appropriate in high humidity regions or in extreme
climates. Though they carry an addiuonal capital cost, the
energy savings can produce fairly short payback periods.
Exisng Hotels
Retrom ng to exisung systems may be suitable where
climate is appropriate and thermal loads are sum ciency
high. This is not applicable to systems that have room air
condiuoners only.
Advantages:
Lower energy costs; Improved air quality due to 100%
outdoor air.
Disadvantages:
Higher capital investment; Unsuitable in smaller HVAC
systems or extreme climates.
References:
ASHRAE
www.ashrae.org
US EPA: IAQ Building Educauon and Assessment Model
www.epa.gov/iaq/largebldgs/i-beam/text/energy_
em ciency.html
California Public Uuliues Commission
www.energydesignresources.com/docs/db-02-
economizers.pdf
M-01, M-03, M-08
M-07 Economiser Modes
Use appropriate economiser for each climate per ASHRAE-90.1-2004
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Venulauon Air Heat Recovery
Heat recovery between exhaust air and
outside air, providing minimum eg ciency
of 70% and the beneft outweighs the
pressure drop increase
Credited Actions
1 Venulauon Air Heat Recovery
Heat recovery between exhaust air and
outside air, providing minimum eg ciency
of 70% and the beneft outweighs the
pressure drop increase
1 Addiuonal Heat Recovery Systems

Installanon of addinonal system(s)
including heat recovery chiller, laundry
heat recovery, shower heat recovery
where beneft can be shown

Narrative:
Venulauon heat recovery uses an enthalpy wheel, plate
heat exchanger, or run around coils to capture heat
from exhaust air to preheat or precool the outside air. In
cooling mode the heat ow is reversed and the outside
air is precooled by the exhaust air. Plate heat exchangers,
heat pipes, or run around recovery loops recover sensible
energy only. Enthalpy wheels recover sensible and latent
energy, meaning that the humidity of the venulauon
air can be aected too if necessary. The benet of
venulauon heat recovery increases with increasing
outdoor venulauon rates. Therefore, venulauon heat
recovery is a good technology to temper the increased
energy cost of improving indoor air quality. The downside
of heat recovery in venulauon systems is that the heat
exchangers require signicant space, have a higher
capital cost than a tradiuonal air handling unit, and add
to the system pressure drop.
There are also other opportuniues to recover heat from
HVAC systems. Heat sources occur when a large amount
of energy is thrown away in a system, such as return
air, exhaust air, chillers and compressors. Heat sinks are
opportuniues to recover waste heat, and include supply
air, venulauon air, process water, and domesuc hot
water. Heat is transferred from a source to a sink via a
heat exchanger, thus saving the energy that would have
been discarded from the source system and reducing the
energy required by the sink system. Factors such as the
load prole, and reliability and locauons of the source
and sink will aect the system performance.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The most likely opportunity for heat recovery in a hotel
environment is venulauon heat recovery between outside
and exhaust air. Industry gures state payback can be as
short as 2 years. Hotels with high process loads or large
exhaust amounts could use run around heat recovery
coils or heat exchangers.
Exisng Hotels
Providing suitable heat sinks and sources exist, the cost
of incorporaung a heat recovery system into an exisung
hotel may be jusued by the energy savings. If a central
outside air unit is being installed as a retrot, venulauon
heat recovery should be explored.
Advantages:
Provides a means of extracung useful heat and cooling
before it leaves the building; Reduced energy costs and
improved em ciency; Reduces wasted energy released
into the atmosphere.
Disadvantages:
Needs reliable, constant heat sinks and sources;
Potenually high capital cost, more economical at larger
scales; Venulauon recovery system adds pressure drop to
fan system, i.e. more fan energy used.
References:
Thermal Soluuon Inc: Heat Exchangers
www.heatexchangersonline.com
Airxchange Inc.
www.airxchange.com
GreenCheck
www.greenheck.com
E-08, M-04, M-05, M-07
M-08 Heat Recovery
All climates
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 100% of Guest Rooms have 4F Deadband
Thermostats

1 100% of Public Areas have 4F Deadband
through BMS

Credited Actions
1 100% of Public Areas have 4F Deadband
through BMS

Narrative:
Without a dierence, or deadband, between cooling and
heaung control setpoints the systems are conunuously
acuvated and cycled frequently. This results in high energy
use and equipment degradauon. Maintaining a 4F saves
on heaung and cooling energy by reducing chiller, boiler
and pumping uulisauon.
A setpoint deadband can be implemented through
a deadband thermostat or a more advanced
building automauon system. The ASHRAE indoor
comfort temperature range chart, below, indicates
that there is 5 degree range that is acceptable
to 90% of occupants in all outdoor condiuons,
and that this range changes with each season.
Considerations:
New Hotels
A 4 degree deadband should result in decreased energy
consumpuon without compromising thermal comfort,
providing the deadband is selected to fall within the
indoor comfort range shown above. This should be
considered for all HVAC systems, both manually controlled
and automated.
Exisng Hotels
Retrom ng of exisung systems is simple, relauvely
inexpensive and can lead to signicant energy savings.
This process should be invesugated for all exisung HVAC
systems.
Advantages:
Relauvely inexpensive; Can produce signicant savings in
HVAC running and maintenance costs.
Disadvantages:
Iniual cost; Possible negauve eect on thermal comfort if
deadband is improperly selected.
References:
US EPA: Programmable Thermostats
www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=thermostats.pr_
thermostats
E-03, E-06, M-10
M-09 4 Degree Deadband
All climates, change with season
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
Provide occupancy sensors in all og ces to
control mechanical systems

1 Occupancy Sensors in Guest rooms
Provide occupancy sensors for at least
20% of guest rooms to control mechanical
systems

1 Occupancy Sensors in Mulu-Occupancy
Spaces
Provide occupancy sensors in all muln-
occupancy spaces to control mechanical
systems

1 Humidstats in Guest Rooms
1 CO
2
Monitors in Guest Rooms
1 Link Room Controls to BMS
Narrative:
Beuer control of guest room temperature, humidity,
and air quality can improve guest comfort. Usually only
temperature is monitored and controlled. Beuer overall
room air quality can be achieved by also monitoring
humidity and carbon dioxide. Addiuonally, incorporaung
room controls system into the building management
system (BMS) will also allow for hotel personnel to beuer
manage guest rooms.
Use of a humidistat to measure humidity ensures that
the levels never increase above an uncomfortable or
unhealthy level. If humidity increases above a level of
approximately 60% RH, the room air condiuoning unit
runs in cooling mode even if temperature is saused.
This dehumidies the air to bring it back down to normal
levels, and the unit then reheats the air if the temperature
drops too low.
CO
2
monitoring can improve general indoor environmental
quality in hotels, providing a higher level of health and
comfort to guests and workers. Headaches, drowsiness
and low producuvity have all been correlated with
high CO
2
concentrauons. Installing a CO
2
monitoring
system would allow outdoor air venulauon rates to vary
depending on the number of occupants and their acuvity
level.
To properly install these controls, a building management
system(BMS) shouldbeinstalled. TheBMS wouldmonitor
all three sensors and ensure that the system operates
properly to maximise comfort and save energy.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The em ciency of guest room controls is maximised by
linking it to a building management system. Dampers
and control points would need to be installed to achieve
maximum potenual.
Exisng Hotels
HVAC controls are most easily implemented early in the
design phase and may be dim cult to retrot to exisung
hotels.
Advantages:
Can signicantly reduce energy demand; Allows for
trending and long term monitoring of hotel use which can
assist in planning for maintenance and reducing costs.
Disadvantages:
Cost premium for humidistat, humidiers, CO
2
sensor,
controls and dampers.
References:
Inncom Technologies
www.inncom.com
DBS Lodging Technologies. LLC
E-05, E-06, M-01, M-03
M-10 Enhanced HVAC Guest Room Controls & CO
2
Monitoring
All climates
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Variable Frequency Drives
VFDs on all motors 5 HP and larger

1 NEMA Premium Eg ciency Motors
Use only NEMA premium eg ciency
motors on fans and pumps 1 HP and
larger
1 Variable Frequency Drives
VFDs on all motors 5 HP and larger

1 NEMA Premium Em ciency Motors
Use only NEMA premium eg ciency
motors on all fans and pumps 1 HP and
larger

Narrative:
Electric motors are used extensively in buildings and in
parucular in heaung, venulauon and air condiuoning
systems. Motors are used to pump water in heaung,
cooling and domesuc water systems and also to run fans
in venulauon systems. NEMA set up a premium em ciency
motor program in 2001. This program set standards
for motors to meet in terms of their construcuon with
the intenuon to minimise losses and hence increase
em ciency. This resulted in motors with em ciencies up to
96% (2% to 8% beuer than standard motors).
Even small increases in em ciency can result in dramauc
savings in energy and running cost, parucularly for larger
horsepower motors. For example, an improvement of 5%
in the em ciency of a single 20 HP motor, operaung for
8,000 hours per year, will result in saving of $260 in energy
costs and 4 metric tons of CO
2
emissions per year.
Motor em ciency can be further improved through the
use of variable frequency drives (VFDs), which control
the speed of a motor by varying the frequency of the AC
supply. VFDs allow the ow rate in systems to decrease at
part load. Since power consumpuon varies with the cube
of ow rate, signicant energy savings can be realised.
VFDs can be placed on most HVAC systems, as long as
the systems are designed for variable ow. Since most
systems rarely operate at full load, energy savings can be
signicant. Fans, pumps, and motors all can be ued with
a VFD.
Considerations:
New Hotels
NEMA Premium motors typically carry an addiuonal cost
premium of up to 15%. This is considered cost eecuve
when annual operauon exceeds 2,000 hours, with a
payback period of less than 5 years. Installing VFDs shows
a signicant savings immediately since a large poruon of
energy used in a building is for the HVAC systems.
Exisng Hotels
It is not cost eecuve to replace all exisung standard
em ciency motors with Premium motors. However,
replacement should be considered where older motors
are running with parucularly low em ciency or when repair
or rewinding is necessary. Cost analyses should be done
to determine the feasibility of installing VFDs on exisung
equipment. Also, the systems should be inspected to see
if valves will need to be replaced in order for the VFD to
operate properly.
Advantages:
Motors are a low cost item the energy savings oen
jusufy using premium em ciency motors for both new and
exisung installauons; VFDs improve interface for energy
trending and are capable of ramped start up, reducing
wear and surge loads.
Disadvantages:
10 to 15% addiuonal cost premium for NEMA Premium
motors; VFD power system harmonics may cause
electrical distoruon and increase controls complexity.
References:
NEMA
www.nema.org
US DOE: Energy Tips - Motor Systems
www.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpracuces/pdfs/
whentopurchase_nema_motor_systemts1.pdf
None
Motor Energy Eficiency M-11
All climates
Although more than 70% of the earths surface is covered
in water, less that 1% lls the earths rivers and lakes
and is available for drinking. Almost 20% of the worlds
populauon do not have access to safe drinking water.
20% lack adequate sanitauon.
Many parts of the world are already experiencing
freshwater stress where the amount withdrawn as a
percentage of total water available is shown to be 10%
or more. This stress will conunue as populauons conunue
to grow with parts of Asia, the United States and parts of
Europe expected to use between 20 and 40% of the total
water available to them. It is at this moderate stress
level that scienusts anucipate impacts on local species.
Groundwater currently supplies around one third of the
worlds populauon and is parucularly criucal in remote
areas. Due to excessive withdrawing of groundwater
resources, and nature being unable to keep up with the
demand, water tables have dropped. This has lead to
land subsidence and the intrusion of saltwater into the
groundwater.
Energy associated with the pumping and treatment of
water is signicant and, across the world, accounts for
3% of energy consumpuon. Depending on the region,
however, this can be signicantly more. Water is already
the subject of liugauon across the world as environmental
organisauons take water distributors to court over the
potenual impact that giving water rights to developments
has on ecosystems. Many developments have been
halted based on this. This trend will conunue to grow.
W-01 Drinking Water Quality
W-02 Water Metering and Sub-Metering
W-03 Water Em cient Fixtures
W-04 Water Em cient Appliances and Systems
W-05 Reduce Irrigauon Demand
W-06 Manage Stormwater
W-07 Water Collecuon, Treatment & Re-Use System
W-08 Ozone Water Treatment/Chemical Reducuon
W-01 to W-08 Water Action Groups
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Meet WHO Drinking Water Quality
Standards

Credited Actions
1 Install Water Filters
/uached to all guest room faucets

1 No Bouled Water
Potable water supply should be quality
drinking water. Do not supply or purchase
bouled water

1 Water Treatment
Where necessary, use either a reverse
osmosis unit or chemical sofening/
hardening to achieve a water hardness of
<120mg/L

1 Trace/Recirculated Dead Ends
No dead ends (dead end length limited to
less than pi)

Narrative:
A key component of eecuve water management is
sum cient potable water supply, distribuuon and quality
drinking water. Water storage is needed for water
consumpuon, re and emergency supplies, however, too
much storage may contribute to water quality issues.
Water is usually distributed by a municipal water system
but if no municipal supply is available, water storage is
calculated from maximum possible water demand.
Dead ends in water distribuuon system create stagnant
water leading deposiuon and contaminauon. Eliminaung
dead end water mains is best pracuce to ensure a safe
potable water supply for a hotel.
Water hardness is caused by the presence of calcium
and magnesium ions in natural water due to geological
formauons. Hard water could cause build-up in supply
systems damaging pipes and pumps. Water soening
could be done through reverse osmosis, RO (pressurised
ltrauon system through a membrane that could treat
water to drinking water quality minus disinfecuon), or
by adding sodium based zeolites. So water is water
decient in mineral ions like calcium and magnesium.
Water could be hardened by adding these minerals to
the water supply.
Water ltrauon units could be auached to hotel guests
sinks to enhance taste, remove residual chlorine (if used
for disinfecuon) and reduce the need for bouled water.
Guests can consume faucet water, and reduce waste
produced by consuming bouled water. Bouled water
contains more embodied energy than faucet water
because of packaging and transportauon involved.
Considerations:
New Hotels
An assessment of water quality should be carried out
prior to construcuon. If potable water quality does not
meet WHO standards, a water treatment facility may be
necessary. Dead ends for distribuuon piping should be
avoided.
Exisng Hotels
Water ltrauon units can easily be retrot into guest
rooms faucets. Providing quality drinking water from
faucets removes the need for bouled water.
Advantages:
Safe, reliable drinking water for guests and employees.
Disadvantages:
RO is energy intensive; Hardening/soening requires
operator or automated machinery.
References:
World Health Organizauon: Drinking Water Quality
www.who.int/water_sanitauon_health/dwq/en
American Water Works Associauon: Water Quality &
Treatment Handbook
None
Drinking Water Quality W-01
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Hotel properues are typically billed on a monthly basis by
their local water uulity provider. Tracking this informauon
through Green Measure allows hotel operators to see
how they compare against other hotels in IHGs poruolio
and improve their performance over ume.
Increasing the level of metering and the rate of monitoring
has a range of benets. Sub-meters can be designed or
retrouedintowater subsystemssuchasboilers, domesuc
hot water, cooling towers, irrigauon, and indoor plumbing
xtures and m ngs. Depending on the hotels building
management system and level of energy metering, this
data can be used to trend equipment em ciencies, and
detect problems, and determine the eect of changes in
building operauons.
All meters, whether at a building or subsystem level, should
be read on at least a weekly basis, so that any trends or
signicant variauons can be quickly nouced. The accuracy
of meters of also of great importance, and they should be
calibrated and maintained according to manufacturers
recommendauons. Hotels shall be required to keep
accurate records of all water consumpuon data.
Sub-metering can be installed for lighung, boilers, steam,
gas, power, water piping and other uuliues.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The hotel owner needs to decide what to do with the
metering data before installauon. A meter at the source
level (a meter for the enure building from the uulity)
should always be installed. New hotels should enrol in
Green Engage and begin uploading water consumpuon
data once the hotel is occupied. Meters should be
installed for a lifeume above 20 years.
Exisng Hotels
In exisung hotels, idenufying and targeung areas of high
consumpuon and greatest potenual for water savings will
reduce costs of a new metering system. Exisung meters
shall be regularly checked to ensure calibrauon within
manufacturers tolerances and intervals.
Advantages:
Long term water savings; Operauons and maintenance
trouble shooung; Idenufy problems before failure and
downume; Provides data source for decision making;
Measurement and vericauon.
Disadvantages:
Added capital cost; Requires advanced training or outside
contracts for data interpretauon if feeding back to a
central system.
References:
US EPA: Universal Water Metering
www.epa.gov/watersense/docs/app_a508.pdf#Page=2
E-02, G-01
Once building is occupied, upload
monthly water consumpnon data to
Green Measure and keep thorough
documentanon of all water unlity bills.

Upload a minimum of 12 months of water
consumpnon data to Green Measure and
keep thorough documentanon records of
all water unlity bills.
1 Meter Whole Building Water Use

Install a water meter to track and
upload water consumpnon to Green
Measure at least weekly. Ensure
meters are calibrated to manufacturers
recommendanons.
1 Meter Whole Building Water Use
Install a water meter to track and
upload water consumpnon to Green
Measure at least weekly. Ensure
meters are calibrated to manufacturers
recommendanons.
Credited Actions
1 Meter Subsystem Water Use
Install one or more water sub-meters.
Report results to Green Measure at least
weekly. Ensure meters are calibrated to
manufacturers recommendanons.

LEED WEc1
W-02 Water Metering and Sub-Metering
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Managing water demand is key to reducing water
consumpuon. By designing to improve water em ciency
within the building, the water budget can be signicantly
reduced. The buildings largest potenual consumers of
water are likely to be showers, water closets, faucets and
any kitchens within the building. Low ow xtures are
a huge step in water conservauon eorts. As with every
technology, the em ciency in which we use water has
increased since basic plumbing was introduced.
Aerators/ow control devices restrict ow and create
higher pressure at discharge. Sensor ush xtures assure
the system does not run unless a user is in proximity. Low
ow xtures are available for most applicauons including
restroom and food preparauon sinks, steam cookers,
pre-rinse spray valves, showerheads, toilets, and laundry
equipment. These xtures use on average 85% of a
hotel's total potable water use. Low ow xtures could
potenually reduce overall use by at least 25%.
Ultra-low ow xtures are yet another way of further
reducing water consumpuon, but will likely increase
guest complaints in a resort-type hotel. These xtures
may work well when water availability is low or scarce.
Ultra low ow xtures could potenually reduce potable
water use at a hotel by at least 40%.
Local plumbing codes must be checked to ensure that
low/no ow xtures are permiued.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Dual ush xtures, low ow faucets and showerheads
could easily be installed during construcuon. Aerators
and ow control devices can be installed without nouce
from hotel guests due to pressurisauon of the water.
Exisng Hotels
Fixtures for faucets and water closets could be replaced
to reduce water consumpuon.
Advantages:
A visible sign to green commitment; Reduces water
consumpuon and costs associated; Reduces amount of
water needed to be heated thus less gas consumpuon.
Disadvantages:
Guests may nd objecuon to low ow showers water
supply, Higher chance of maintenance issues and guest
moving pertaining to low ow toilets; Filter changes for
waterless urinals (newer technologies do not require
change out); Water closets, lavatories and showers
have the same maintenance requirements as standard
xtures; Sensor baueries need to be replaced (>1,000
hours of use).
References:
IHG Hotel Water Calculator
Water Em ciency Manual
www.p2pays.org/ref/01/00692.pdf
Internauonal Plumbing Code (IPC), 2006, Maximum
Fixture Flow Rates:
Fixture Max. Flow Rate Units
Water Closets
Urinals
Showerheads*
Public lavatory faucets**
Private lavatory faucets**
Public metering lavatory faucets
Kitchen and janitor sink faucets
Metering faucets
1.60
1.00
2.50
0.50
2.20
0.25
2.20
0.25
gpf
gpf
gpm
gpm
gpm
gpc
gpm
gpc
*Measures at 80 psi
** Measured at 60 psi
gpf = gallons per ush
gpm = gallons mer minute
gpc = gallons per cycle
W-07
1 Meet IPC 2006 Maximum Flow Rates
All fxtures meet maximum fow rates, or
use the calculator to show the hotel as a
whole meets the baseline

Credited Actions
1 Aerators/Low Flow Faucets
Restrict fow on all guest room faucets to
1.5 gpm or lower

1 Dual Flush/Low Flush Water Closets
Average fush rate of 1.2 gpf for all water
closets

1 Sensor Flush
Install sensor fushes on all non-guest
urinals and water closets

1 Waterless Urinals
Use only waterless urinals in public space
restrooms

1 Low Flow Showerheads
Maximum 1.8 gpm for all showerheads

LEED WEp1 & WEc2
W-03 Water Eficient Fixtures
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Water Em cient Laundry Faciliues
All washing machines purchased shall
achieve a minimum 10% water savings
from standard machines

1 Water Em cient Dishwashers
All dishwashing machines purchased shall
achieve a minimum 10% water savings
from standard machines

1 Cooling Tower Water Management
For hotels that have a cooling tower,
achieve a Cycle of Concentranon (COC)
of >10

1 Cooling Tower Condensate Return
Use 40% less water than a baseline case

1 Boiler Condensate Return
Install a return valve for condensate on
all boilers

Narrative:
Dish and clothes washing machines signicantly
contribute to the amount of water use in a hotel. Energy
Star clothing washing machines can use up to 50%
less water than a typical washing machine, as well as
contribute to potenual energy savings. Energy Star dish
washing machines can contribute up to a 25% savings
in water. These two technologies oer signicant water
savings in hotels.
Cooling tower water consumpuon can be greatly reduced
by minimising blowdown, or water discharged from the
system. However, le unmonitored, minerals in the
water can damage cooling equipment and increase the
risk of Legionnaires disease. Conducuvity meters and
automauc controls, combined with a comprehensive
maintenance program, can miugate against these risks
and allow an balance to be reached. Condensate return
water can be collected from cooling towers and reused
for a variety of uses.
Boiler systems can be designed to ensure return of steam
condensate to the boiler for reuse. Boiler blowdown
can be limited and should be checked conunuously and
adjusted if necessary.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The t-out of a new hotel should warrant the inclusion
of highly em cient washing machines (dish and clothing).
Boiler systems should be designed with return valves
for condensate. Cooling tower condensate return is
recommended for areas with high humidity and should
be invesugated during the design process.
Exisng Hotels
New em cient dishwashing and clothing washing machines
can be retroued into exisung hotels as a replacement for
older, less-em cient machines. Cooling tower conducuvity
meters and controls are easy to retrot and can have a
very short payback. Retrom ng condensate returns
on exisung cooling towers or boilers carry a signicant
addiuonal cost.
Advantages:
Reducuon of demand (and costs) from potable water
supply and wastewater discharge.
Disadvantages:
Iniual capital costs of em cient systems may be higher
than tradiuonal systems.
References:
EnergyStar
www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?fuseacuon=nd_a_
product
DOE Cooling Tower Management
www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/program/waterem ciency_
bmp10.html
E-06, E-08, W-08
W-04 Water Eficient Appliances and Systems
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Drought Tolerant Selecuon
Zero irriganon for landscaping

1 Zoning for Irrigauon
50% less water than baseline amount

1 Use of Em cient Irrigauon
Drip irriganon/moisture sensing systems
resulnng in 50% less water than baseline
amount

Narrative:
Landscape irrigauon could potenually consume a
signicant amount of potable water at a hotel. Water
demand can be reduced through em cient landscaping
techniques such as selecung nauve or adaptable plant
species or drought tolerant plants. If irrigauon is necessary,
strategies could include grouping the plants or installing
em cient irrigauon systems. Plants could be grouped
according to water and care requirements to prevent
over-irrigauon. Em cient irrigauon systems allow water to
be applied to plants roots rather than blanket irrigauon
in turn reducing evaporauon. Drip irrigauon systems and
moisture sensing irrigauon systems are replacements
from tradiuonal sprinkler systems. Considerauon should
be given to the use of the greywater and rainwater where
available.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Landscaping plans should be adaptable to current
landscapes and climate condiuons. Xeriscaping can
be applied to the enure site or to specic areas and
other vegetated areas supplemented with irrigauon, if
necessary.
Exisng Hotels
Installauon of permanent irrigauon systems for exisung
hotels is generally more costly than new hotel installauons
due to cum ng and lling operauons in an exisung area.
Advantages:
Water bill reducuon due to reduced water use; Increased
natural habitats with nauve species.
Disadvantages:
Nauve or adapuve landscaping may not be aestheucally
sum cient for some hotels.
References:
Rain Bird ET Manager
www.rainbird.com/landscape/products/controllers/
etmanager.htm
EPA: Water Em cient Landscaping
www.epa.gov/watersense/docs/water-em cient_
landscaping_508.pdf
Irrigauon Associauon of Australia
www.irrigauon.org.au
S-04
W-05 Reduce Irrigation Demand
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Reduce and Control Stormwater Runo
Reduce post-construcnon stormwater
fow and volume from pre-construcnon
condinons
1 Treat Stormwater
Prevent the introducnon of pollutants
and nutrifcanon of local watershed: 80%
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) removal,
40% Total Phosphorus (TP) removal

Narrative:
A new development dramaucally disturbs the natural
hydrology of a site. Impervious surfaces do not allow
rainfall to soak into the ground causing increased
stormwater runo, which the exisung drainage system
may not be capable of handling. Stormwater leaving the
site can be reduced by storing water on-site, reducing the
speed through structural and biological pracuces
Impervious surfaces accumulate pollutants and during
storm events, these pollutants will be picked up by the
stormwater and washed into the exisung drainage system.
By treaung stormwater, the quality of water running o-
site does not impair the local environment. There are
many methods for improving stormwater quality. These
methods may be are regional and adapuve to local
climate condiuons and responsive to site constraints.
Some strategies may include bioswales in parking lots
and ltrauon devices. In most municipaliues stormwater
quality and quanuty control are required and regulated.
Nutricauon is the increase of nutrients (nitrates and
phosphates) to waterbodies, which causes increased
algae growth at the water surface.
Considerations:
New Hotels
In new construcuon projects, the landscape design can
be focused to deter stormwater from leaving the site.
Construcuon of green roofs and rainwater collecuon for
reuse systems needs to be considered early in the design.
Biological systems such as bioswales and constructed
wetlands could be installed in conjuncuon with structural
systems.
Exisng Hotels
Stormwater ltrauon systems can be easily added to
stormwater inlets. Rainwater collecuon for irrigauon
purposes could be constructed with the exisung drainage
on the building. Construcuon of permeable pavement
systems could replace asphalt parking lots. Naturalising
(creaung drainage systems used before development) is
costly but will improve exisung drainage.
Advantages:
Reduce wastewater load on local Waste Water Treatment
plant; Reducuon of pollutants to watershed.
Disadvantages:
Structural systems such as ltrauon systems require
maintenance.
References:
US EPA: Reducing Stormwater Costs through Low Impact
Development (LID) Strategies and Pracuces
www.epa.gov/owow/nps/lid/costs07/documents/
reducingstormwatercosts.pdf
Internauonal Erosion Control Associauon (IECA)
www.ieca.org
W-07, S-01, S-04, S-06
W-06 Manage Stormwater
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Rainwater Harvesung

1 Greywater Treatment

1 Blackwater Treatment
Treat 100% of blackwater to local ternary
standards

Narrative:
Increasing water demands and viable treatment
technologies make water recycling an important opuon.
Rainwater harvesung is a process of intercepung
stormwater runo and collecung it for future use.
Greywater recycling is treaung water from sinks,
baths, showers, washing machines, kitchen sinks and
dishwashers for future reuse. Blackwater recycling is
treaung the eM uent from water closets, urinals, waste
disposal units, kitchen sinks (without lters), and any
other highly polluted eM uent source for future reuse.
With the addiuon of ultra low ow xtures, hotels
could reduce potable water demand for bathroom use
approximately 70% by greywater recycling. By using ultra
low ow xtures and rainwater harvesung, hotels in hot-
humid, temperate, cold and hot dry regions could reduce
potable water demand in bathrooms 55%, 50%, 45%,
45%, respecuvely.
While in some areas there are restricuons on the reuse of
recovered water/wastewater, in general it can be reused
for any purpose as long as it is treated to the required
level.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The viability of the system depends greatly on the
quanuty of source water, treatment costs and available
end uses. Rainwater recycling systems should be used
in areas with average to high rainfall. Local codes may
prevent collecuon of rainwater or greywater. Blackwater
treatment can be done with packaged systems such
as membrane bioreactors (MBR) or naturally through
constructed wetlands or lagoons (odour may be an issue
with these types of systems if not maintained).
Exisng Hotels
Rainwater harvesung could be implemented in
conjuncuon with exisung rainwater collecuon
infrastructure. Room must be available for storage tanks
and ltrauon systems.
Advantages:
Reducuon of demand (and costs) from potable water
supply and wastewater discharge; Markeung value
for this relauvely inexpensive technology far exceeds
any esumates of nancial savings; All wastewater is
treated and recycled onsite reducing site wastewater
infrastructure.
Disadvantages:
Water storage tank locauon and size to be considered in
building layout; A separate water supply network needs to
be provided; Filtrauon equipment requires maintenance;
Increased cost as treatment requirements increase.
References:
Metcalf & Eddy: Wastewater Engineering: Treatment
and Reuse
Design Manual: Constructed Wetlands
Treatment of Municipal Wastewater
www.epa.gov/owow/wetlands/pdf/Design_
Manual2000.pdf
American Rainwater Catchment Systems Associauon
www.arcsa-usa.org
W-03, W-06
W-07 Water Collection, Treatment and Re-Use System
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Non-Toxic Detergents for Laundry
Use only non-toxic detergents for laundry

1 Ozone Treatment for Laundry
Install ozone treatment laundry machines

1 Ozone Treatment of Aquauc Faciliues
Install ozone treatment for pools

1 Ozone Treatment for Water Features
Install ozone treatment for water features

Narrative:
Tradiuonal laundry cleaning methods create high levels of
energy, chemical waste and water consumpuon. Chlorine
and other chemical based detergents are potenually toxic
to organisms when released to the environment and
could create toxic residuals when stored.
Ozone is a very powerful disinfectant and rapidly oxidises
dissolved impuriues without the producuon of residuals
and noxious gases. Ozone allows for shorter wash cycles
resulung in signicant energy and water/sewer surcharge
savings. Ozone disinfecuon is recommended to replace
chlorine in pool water and water features/fountains.
Ozone disinfecuon could be 10-20% water savings and
60% - 80% water heaung savings compared to chlorine
disinfecuon.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Space must to be provided for ozone treatment systems.
Linking the ozone treatment systems together will save
costs.
Exisng Hotels
Retrom ng of exisung clothing washing machines with
ozone treatment technology is relauvely simple providing
sum cient space exists. Replacement of older machines is
also possible with limited addiuonal cost.
Advantages:
Energy and water savings; Beuer disinfecuon (compared
to chlorine systems) and no residuals; Reduced garment
wear-and-tear; Faster washing ume for laundry, No
chemical fees and reduced labour.
Disadvantages:
High iniual capital cost; Sta educauon; Requires space
for ozone tank.
References:
AruClean Ozone Laundry Systems
www.aruclean.com
California Urban Water Conservauon Council: Potenual
Best Management Pracuces, On-Premise Laundry
Faciliues
hup://www.cuwcc.org/WorkArea/showcontent.
aspx?id=7958
O-04, W-04
W-08 Ozone Water Treatment/Chemical Reduction
G-01 Establish a Waste Benchmark
G-02 Manage Ongoing Waste
G-03 Reuse and Donauon of Construcuon and FF&E
Materials
G-04 Material Supplier Packaging Reducuon and
Removal Policy
G-05 Manage Site and Food Waste
Waste disposal creates a myriad of environmental
problems that may not be reversed for many generauons.
Carbon emissions from transportauon, habitat depleuon
for landlls, airborne pollutants from trash incinerauon,
toxins leaching into water supplies and greenhouse
gas emissions from decomposiuon are some of the
environmental impacts of waste disposal. With 124
million tons of construcuon debris buried in landlls every
year, waste reducuon programs oer many opportuniues
for carbon reducuon and habitat protecuon.
Waste reducuon and diversion programs begin at
construcuon and conunue through to operauons.
Comprehensive programs should encompass the supply
chain waste reducuon and recycling/reuse programs.
Understanding a hotels waste stream contribuuons will
present many opportuniues for reducuons in landlled
trash as well as disposal fees.
Waste Action Groups G-01 to G-05
Once building is occupied, upload
monthly waste consumpnon data to
Green Measure and keep thorough
documentanon of all water unlity bills.

Upload a minimum of 12 months of waste
consumpnon data to Green Measure and
keep thorough documentanon records of
all water unlity bills.
1 Conduct a Waste Stream Audit
Follow IHG Waste Stream Audit
Procedures

LEED MRc6
Narrative:
The rst step in towards the eecuve management of
waste is to understand the types and quanuues of waste
being generated.
Green Measure allows hotel operators to track and trend
waste leaving the site on a monthly basis. This data
can be used to benchmark the hotel against other IHG
properues and monitor the eects of waste minimisauon
strategies.
For a more detailed picture, a hotel should conduct a
waste audit. A waste stream audit is a process used to
quanufy the amount and types of waste being generated
during construcuon, ongoing operauons, or demoliuon,
as well as the treatment and disposal method of the
wastes. By quanufying and understanding the waste
types before construcuon, the method for disposal and
savings could be made in terms of material orders and
cost for current and future projects. Similarly, idenufying
recyclables in the ongoing waste stream that are currently
going to landll can lead to reduced waste hauling costs.
Weight and volume play an important role regarding
waste audits. For example, if polystyrene is used in
construcuon, the weight of the material is less resulung in
cheap upping fees (if not recycled). However the volume
of the material is large, resulung in more truck loads.
Considerations:
New Hotels
A form should be created before any construcuon project
specifying the types of waste expected during demoliuon
and construcuon (in weight or volume measurements)
and the amount of waste salvaged, recycled and disposed.
Receipts or chain of custody forms should be collected by
the construcuon manager for all waste hauled o site.
Exisng Hotels
Management should upload waste data to Green
Measure on a monthly basis. A waste audit should be
conducted to establish the current level of recycling,
establish a target level, and outline strategies to reach this
target. Management should inquire about local waste
management resources to determine what recycling
services are available and the associated costs.
Successful implementauon of recycling programs begins
with sta and guest educauon. Guest should be made
aware of how to parucipate in the measures that have
been established by the facility. Sta should be trained
on separauon and storage policies for recyclables.
Faciliues must also be in place to support this program.
At a minimum, a hotel should have a central storage area
to allow for waste separauon. Recycling bins throughout
the hotel not only facilitate waste separauon but also
make these eorts visible to hotel guests.
Advantages:
May lead to reduced waste disposal costs in some areas.
Disadvantages:
Waste stream audit requires sta training and labour or
the hiring of a third party; Changing the waste disposal
methods may require using addiuonal waste removal
contractors.
References:
IHG Waste Stream Audit Procedure
Harvard University: Recycling & Solid Waste Removal
www.uos.harvard.edu/fmo/recycling
E-02, W-02, G-02, G-03, G-05
G-01 Establish a Waste Benchmark
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Adopt IHG Solid Waste Management
Policy

1 Provide Recycling Storage Area
Size area to sort/store paper, metal, glass,
plasnc & cardboard

Credited Actions
1 Provide Recycling Bins
Place recycling bins in the waste
collecnon room in each hotel and allow
for the separanon of paper, plasnc, glass
and other recyclable materials

1 Recycle General Waste
Divert at least 50% of total waste stream.
Track and upload diversion rate to Green
Measure.

1 Recycle Light Bulbs
Recycle all spent and broken light bulbs
containing mercury in accordance with
the EPAs Universal Waste Rule

1 Recycle Used Baueries
Provide a recycling bin in the waste
collecnon and recycling room for portable
dry-cell baueries, including rechargeable
baueries

LEED MRp2, MRc7, MRc8 & MRc9
Narrative:
Once the types and quanuues of waste being generated by
a hotel have been established, a Solid Waste Management
(SWM) policy should be adopted to ensure that this waste
is being handled properly. A SWM policy should address
how hotel waste is to be handled, in parucular idenufying
opportuniues for waste reducuon, reuse and recycling.
The recycling program should encompass paper, metal,
glass, cardboard, plasuc, light bulbs and baueries.
Strategies that should be explored include engaging a
recycling agency, parucipaung in company take-back
programs and parucipaung in donauon programs.
Successful implementauon of recycling programs begins
with sta and guest educauon. Guest should be made
aware of how to parucipate in the measures that have
been established by the facility. Sta should be trained
on separauon and storage policies for recyclables.
Faciliues must also be in place to support this program.
At a minimum, a hotel should have a central storage area
to allow for waste separauon. Recycling bins throughout
the hotel not only facilitate waste separauon but also
make these eorts visible to hotel guests.
Considerations:
New Hotels
The collecuon and storage strategy for recyclables should
be considered for new hotels and used to inform the
design of waste storage and pick-up areas.
Exisng Hotels
Ensure that exisung collecuon areas are adequately sized,
and add or expand if necessary. The waste management
policyshouldbeconveyedtosta andguests toensureit is
followed. This includes making bins accessible to all hotel
sta including front desk sta, as well as housekeeping
and guests. Recycling rates should be tracked and
uploaded on a monthly basis to Green Measure.
Advantages:
Reduced burden on landll; Reduced waste hauling costs;
Improved visibility of environmental objecuves to hotel
guests.
Disadvantages:
Potenual addiuonal labour costs in separaung waste.
References:
IHG Solid Waste Management Policy
G-01, G-03, G-05, O-06
G-02 Manage Ongoing Waste
1 Construcuon Waste Management Plan
Submit a Construcnon Waste
Management Plan including weight or
volume of all potennal materials to be
demolished, recycled and disposed
Credited Actions
1 Construcuon and Demoliuon
Salvage, reuse, recycle a minimum 50% of
construcnon and demolinon debris
1 Deconstrucuon
Develop a deconstrucnon plan as part
of the Construcnon Waste Management
Plan
1 Furnishings
Reuse/recycle 10% of furnishings

Narrative:
Waste management is comprised of the 3 Rs (reduce,
re-use and recycle), with waste reducuon resulung
in the largest economic and environmental benets
(e.g. reducuon in GHG emissions) followed by re-use,
recycling/composung, energy recovery and disposal as
worst case. Resource and waste management should
be considered at each stage of the building from design,
through to construcuon, operauon, maintenance and
deconstrucuon.
Carefully deconstrucung a building instead of
demolishing will allow beuer reuse and recycling of
building materials and equipment.
Considerations:
New Hotels
An on-site staging area or the o-site hauler for each
waste type should be considered prior to project
commencement. Potenual waste that could be collected
and salvaged on a construcuon includes: concrete,
ceramics, metals, inert waste, liquids and oils, wood,
plasterboard, packaging, plasucs, insulauon, furniture. If
space permits, Construcuon and Demoliuon (C&D) waste
can be treated using mobile processing plant.
Exisng Hotels
Deconstrucuon of an exisung hotel and the potenual
locauon of building materials and equipment should be
planned early in the design phase.
Advantages:
Costsavingsthroughreducingthequanutyof rawmaterials
through re-use and recycling and by reducing waste to
landll; Reducing the space required at properues for
the storage of recyclables and waste; Improved markets
through increasing em ciency of resource use and through
promouon of industrial symbiosis.
Disadvantages:
In some regional locauons, coordinauon and staging may
require addiuonal management and scheduling.
References:
Insutute of Civil Engineers: Demoliuon Protocol
hup://www.ice.org.uk/knowledge/specialist_waste_
board.asp
Addis & Schouten: Design for Deconstrucuon: C607:
Principles of Design to Facilitate Reuse and Recycling
G-01, G-02, G-04, P-06
G-03 Reuse and Donation of Construction and FF&E Materials
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Incenuve Reduced Packaging
Achieve 20% of total materials supplied
without packaging

1 Engage Packaging Take-Back/Recycling
Program
Develop and enforce contract with
suppliers

Narrative:
Waste reducuon could be introduced into the procurement
processes and incorporated into contracts for potenual
suppliers (waste management contractor, site sub-
contractors, and design contractors). Procurement
plays a large part in reducing construcuon waste.
Sem ng criteria for procurement of sub-contractors will
ensure that only those with the right mindset for waste
minimisauon are employed. This can be done by making
waste minimisauon and management an integral part of
the tender process for designers, sub-contractors, waste
management contractors and materials suppliers. Where
possible, materials should be procured on the basis of
their durability, re-usability and recyclability and the use
of hard-to-recycle materials such as composites should
be limited or even eliminated where possible.
Waste packaging can also be minimised through
procurement by working with suppliers to rstly
minimise the amount required for protecuon and then to
iniuate take-back schemes for packaging waste. Where
packaging is essenual, encouraging the use of re-usable
protecuon is a good compromise. Take-back schemes for
o-cuts and other materials should also be encouraged.
Considerations:
New Hotels
A hotel procurement policy should be in place to ensure
that the Construcuon Manager is aware of minimising
packaging, ensure supplier take-back and opumise
recyclable packaging during construcuon.
Exisng Hotels
As with new hotels a procurement policy should be
in place. There is also an opportunity to impact all
renovauons as well as translaung this policy to on-going
operauons. The reducuon of supplier packaging and the
burden of hotel storage and removal of this packaging can
contribute to a signicant reducuon in operaung costs.
Advantages:
Reducuon of waste and conservauon of natural resources;
Reducuon in disposal fees.
Disadvantages:
In some locauons coordinauon of suppliers may impact
schedule or staging area. For exisung hotels, once
suppliers have been idenued there may be increased
amount of oversight required by management unul sta
and suppliers have been trained on new protocol.
References:
None
O-06, O-07, P-01
Material Supplier Packaging Reduction and Removal Policy G-04
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Manage Landscaping Waste
Divert 50% of landscape waste through
mulching, composnng or donanon

1 Manage Food Waste
Divert 50% of food scraps through
composnng

Narrative:
Green space on a hotel site oers benets both to hotel
guests and the environment. However, such spaces can
also generate a substanual quanuty of clippings, which
is commonly discarded as trash. Rather than sending
this waste to a landll, it can be put to use on site, either
directly for mulching or by rst being composted, then
used as a ferulizer.
Food scraps are also suitable for composung, so long as
meat scraps are rst removed. This should be considered
in hotels which have the space on-site for a central
composung facility, and the green space to jusufy such a
facility. Compost from food scraps is rich in nutrients and
can also be used as ferulizer on-site or donated for use in
o-site areas.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Hotels with signicant green space should allocate space
for a central composung facility for site and food scrap
waste. Those with less space should implement a site
management policy in which clippings are used for
mulching.
Exisng Hotels
The development of a composung facility may be dim cult
for exisung hotels. However the use of clippings for
mulching is simple to implement and carries no capital
cost.
Advantages:
Reduced burden on landll; Reduced ferulizer costs;
Environmentally benecial to inorganic (syntheuc)
ferulizers.
Disadvantages:
Stam ng requirements to sort waste and manage compost;
Odour concerns.
References:
IHG Sustainable Integrated Pest Management, Erosion
Control and Landscape Management Plan
O-05, O-06, G-01, G-02, S-01
G-05 Manage Site and Food Waste
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
These principles should be followed when considering
the selecuon of materials:
Allow exibility in the design of the project
Be suitable for any future modicauons that may
be necessary in the future - lowering future space
congurauon change costs for example
Promote the increased health and welfare of building
occupants.
Improve the producuvity of occupants
Save energy and embodied energy
Be durable
Reduce future maintenance costs for the life cycle of
facility
New products are conunuing to enter the marketplace to
address the items listed above as manufacturers respond
to the demands of building owners and consumers.
A number of standards have now been developed for
materials. Some of these are listed below:
Carpets
Carpet and Rug Insutute Indoor Air Quality Carpet Tesung
Program | www.carpet-rug.com
Paints
Green Seal Standard GS-11| www.greenseal.org
Sealants / Caulks / Adhesives
South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD)
Rule #1168 | www.aqmd.gov
Wood Products
Forest Stewardship Council | www.fscus.org
ANSI A208.1 (for parucleboard) | www.web.ansi.org
Recycled Content
Internauonal Standard ISO 14021 1999 - Environmental
Labels and Declarauons | www.iso.org
P-01 Eco-Embedded Materials and Specicauon
P-02 Low-Emim ng Finish Materials
P-03 Recycled and Recyclable Materials
P-04 Regionally Manufactured and/or Regionally
Sourced Materials
P-05 Rapidly Renewable/Sustainable Harvested
Materials
P-06 Design for Material Reducuon and Flexibility of
Spaces
P-07 Mold/Contaminant Resistant Materials and
Process
Product and Materials Action Groups P-01 to P-07
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
P-01 Eco-Embedded Materials Speciication
Narrative:
Specicauons ensure a level on consistency throughout
brands and are a way to determine the quality of a
product which has been previously reviewed. Embedding
sustainability in to specicauons allows hotels a default
level of sustainability which the hotel General Manager or
Owner can be condent will be applied in their property.
The follow criteria is widely used for construcuon
materials, ongoing consumables, and durable goods,
in parucular high cost, high impact and high volume
materials such as carpet, paint, oor, wall board, case
work, ule, insulauon, structural members, and windows.
These criteria apply to new construcuon, renovauons,
and ongoing hotel operauons.
Local Availability: Locally extracted and manufactured
materials should be chosen where possible
Rapidly renewable content: Materials that have a
growth cycle and can be harvested in less than 10 years,
allow products to be manufactured without depleung
resources
Recycled content: Recycled content materials are made
from waste material from either a manufacturing process
or consumer use
Low toxicity: Products such as uorescent light bulbs
and baueries contain hazardous materials, however
there are products that contain lower levels of these
toxins or are made to be reusable
Durability: Materials that last longer with less
maintenance use less embodied energy over their life
Speed of assembly: Using materials that can be
assembled more quickly can reduce energy required
during construcuon
Considerations:
New Hotels
Develop specicauons that incorporate environmental
standards. All contractors and subcontractors should
be educated on the use and importance of these
specicauons.
Exisng Hotels
Standardised environmental materials specicauons
should be developed for ongoing consumables, durable
goods, mercury containing light bulbs, baueries and to be
included in all renovauon specs.
Advantages:
Possible reduced construcuon cost; Possible increased
building durability.
Disadvantages:
Some products may have limited availability, higher costs
and/or longer lead umes in some markets. Allow for these
considerauons in budget and construcuon schedule.
References:
IHG Sustainable Purchasing Policy
IHG Terms and Condiuons
BuildingGreen LLC
www.buildinggreen.com
Nauonal Insutute of Building Science: WBDG
www.wbdg.org/design/greenspec.php
O-07, G-04, P-02, P-03, P-04, P-05
1 Adopt IHG Sustainable Purchasing Policy
1 Standardised Specicauon for Green
Materials
Develop specifcanons for construcnon
materials using IHG Preferred Supplier
List
Credited Actions
1 Standardised Specicauon Language for
Procurement of Regionally Specic Green
Materials

LEED MRp1, MRc1 & MRc2.1
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
1 Low or No VOC Paint
Interior Latex Flat: 50g/L; Non-
Flat:150g/L

1 Low or No VOC Adhesives
Mulnpurpose Construcnon Adhesive:
70g/L; Wood Floor Adhesive 100g/L;
Robber Floor Adhesive 60g/L; Ceramic
Tile Adhesives: 65g/L, Subfoor Adhesives:
50g/L; Drywall & Panel Adhesives 50g/L

Credited Actions
1 Low or No VOC Coaungs
Floor Coanng: 100g/L; Sealers: 250g/L;
Stains: 250g/L

1 Low or No VOC Carpet Systems
Indoor Carpet and Carpet Pad: 50g/L;
Carpet Fibers should meet CRI label or
equivalent

1 Low or No VOC Hard Surface Flooring
Floor Coanng: 100g/L; Varnish: 350g/L;
Lacquer: 550g/L

1 Composite Wood & Agribre
No added urea-formaldehyde

Narrative:
The quanuty of indoor air contaminants that are
odorous, irritaung and/or harmful have a high impact
on the comfort and well-being of hotel guests, sta and
installers. Materials that have a high impact on indoor air
quality are adhesives and sealants, paints and coaungs,
carpet systems and ooring and composite wood &
agribre products.
For reference standards on low volaule-organic-
compound (VOC) weights, refer to South Coast Air Quality
Management District Rules, Green Seal Standards and
the Green Label program, among others.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Considerauon should be made for the inclusion of low-
emim ng materials into performance specicauons. The
reference web sites outlined on this Acuon Group have
specic language and performance requirements which
can be added as relevant on individual projects based on
materials being used and building type
Exisng Hotels
Emissions diminish and chemicals present in the
manufacturing process dry and air out. Therefore,
exisung projects should only pursue these points when
considering interior nish/millwork replacement and
touch-ups
Advantages:
Reduced iniual odour, reducuon in ush-out ume,
reducuon in hazardous materials for storage and control
Disadvantages:
Possible longer lead ume for availability in certain global
markets. Possible addiuonal management required for
the review of acceptable tolerances for VOCs or training
of appropriate green labelled products.
References:
South Coast Quality Management District
www.aqmd.gov
Green Seal
www.greenseal.org
The Carpet and Rug Insutute
www.carpet-rug.org
US EPA: Health Problems Caused By Volaule Organic
Compounds
www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/hpguide.html#VOCs
O-09, P-01
P-02 Low-Emitting Finish Materials
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Specify and Install Recycled Materials
20% of total base building materials

1 Specify and Install Materials which can
be Recycled at End of Life
1 Specify and Install Recycled Content

Carpet Tile in Lieu of Broad Loom
60% recycled content carpet nle

1 Select Carpet Tile from a Manufacturer
with a Take Back Program
Parncipate in program when renovanng

1 Specify and Install Recycled
Content Furnishings
5% of public space furniture

Narrative:
Using materials with recycled content reduces
environmental impacts from extracuon and processing
of virgin materials. As a global standard for recycled
content, ISO 14021 1999- Environmental labels and
Declarauons can be used. Most projects will aim for
10-20% of recycled content in materials based on total
material cost in projects.
Recycled content can be both post-consumer such as
waste generated by households as well as pre-consumer,
which entails material diverted from waste stream during
the manufacturing process.
Recycled content can be found in a wide array of nishes
and furniture such ceiling ules, om ce chairs, and structural
elements such as concrete, engineered wood and steel.
Preference should be given to those products that can
be easily recycled at the end of their use such as steel
and aluminium. Many furniture and ooring companies
provide take-back and recycling programs. Performance
specicauon language should outline inclusion for
maximised recycled content and recyclability where
locally available and economically feasible. Tracking
recycled content informauon from suppliers should be
incorporated into contracts.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Design teams should opumise the design to use recycled
content construcuon and nish materials. In most regions
when incorporated early in design this can be done in a
cost neutral capacity.
Exisng Hotels
When purchasing new furniture and nish materials high
recycled content products should be selected.
Advantages:
Some manufacturers of materials with high recycled
content have programs to take back the materials, in
a renovauon this could have a signicant impact to the
reducuon of construcuon waste. Addiuonally for items
such as carpet and ceiling ule this may allow for the
storage of less replacement stock.
Many base building materials have a high recycled
content by the nature of their composiuon for example
steel and glass.
Disadvantages:
Product lead umes may need to be adjusted based on
availability in some markets.
References:
MBDC: Cradle to Cradle
www.c2ccerued.com
CalRecycle: Recycled-Content Product Directory
www.ciwmb.ca.gov/rcp
O-05, P-01
P-03 Recycled and Recyclable Materials
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Specify and Install Regionally
Manufactured Materials
1 Specify and Install Regionally

Sourced and Manufactured Materials
1 Use Local Aggregate for Concrete Mix

1 Use Locally Manufactured Furniture in
Lobby and/or Lounge

Narrative:
Signicant energy is consumed to transport building
materials from their source to the site. Using regionally
extracted, processed, manufactured and/or recovered
materials supports the use of indigenous resources
and reduces the environmental impact resulung from
transportauon. Within the sustainable construcuon
industry, regional is commonly dened as within 800
kilometres (500 miles) of the project site. Use of regionally
manufactured materials requires a local site or regional
approach. Most locauons should have at minimum local
gypsum board manufacturers, steel mills and concrete
plants. In addiuon, regional materials are oen adapted
to specic local climate challenges that each project team
may be unaware of.
uulisauon of regional materials is a strategy which
also provides a good way to demonstrate the projects
commitment to the community and local arusans.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Project teams need to work to idenufy and determine
local availability of materials and their relauonship to
building design. Incorporaung regional materials early
in design ensures a limited cost risk and may present
opportuniues for savings. It is also best if the design
team idenues the use of regional materials in the
general condiuons (division 1) of specicauons to clearly
communicate to the contractor the targets for material
use.
Exisng Hotels
Regional materials are not exclusively limited to
construcuon materials and general managers should
review and consider on-going suppliers and consumable
goods. Addiuonally, during renovauons or scheduled
maintenance locally sourced and/or manufactured
products should be selected when purchasing/replacing
new furniture and nish materials.
Advantages:
In desunauon locauons local or regional materials may
enhance the guest experience as well as showing support
for the local community and heritage.
In many cases local materials are available on shorter
nouce given their short haul ume; this makes staging
and scheduling these materials easier for both new and
exisung hotels. A large poruon of base building materials
such as concrete, steel and glass are manufactured locally.
Addiuonally some recycled alternauves to Portland
cement enhance concrete strength while reducing
embodied energy
Disadvantages:
Some markets may have limited opuons dependant on
locauon. In these cases product lead umes may need to
be adjusted based on availability.
References:
None
O-05, P-01
Regionally Manufactured/Regionally Sourced Materials P-04
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Specify and Install Rapidly
Renewable Materials
10% of total fnish materials
1 Specify and Install Sustainably

Harvested Rapidly Renewable Materials
10% of total fnish materials
1 Install Linoleum Flooring in Place of Vinyl

Tile or Sheet Flooring

1 Install Cork Flooring in Place of Hard
Wood Flooring

Narrative:
Most building materials uulise nite raw resources
or resources with long regenerauon cycles. Uulising
rapidly renewable materials that have less than ten
year harvest periods diminishes the ecological footprint
of a building project. Common examples are bamboo,
wool, couon bau insulauon, agribre, linoleum ooring,
wheatboard, strawboard and cork. Wheatboard is
an excellent replacement for parucle board. Rapidly
renewable materials oen have a signicant price
premium, oen because they serve a niche market.
Unfortunately, as demand increases some suppliers are
oering products that are the result of environmentally
detrimental agricultural pracucessuch as clearing old
growth forests to grow bamboo. When selecung rapidly
renewable products, it is important to choose products
from sustainable sources.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Rapidly renewable nishes, furniture and service
products provide a great opportunity to demonstrate
the companys commitment to sustainability and thus
educaung the sta and community. However, the
desire for visibility should not result in using renewable
materials even though they have high embodied energy
due to distance travelled from their source (e.g. bamboo
from South Asia to United States).
Exisng Hotels
Sustainably harvested rapidly renewable materials can
be found in a wide variety of products from fabric to
toiletries. Interior renovauons also oer opportuniues to
upgrade furniture and nishes to products with rapidly
renewable content.
Advantages:
Rapidly renewable materials are widely idenuable as
sustainable materials and can improve public percepuon.
Disadvantages:
Lack of product availability or cost increase may limit
opuons in some markets; Products that are long distance
imports and/or produced through environmentally
damaging pracuces would send a contradictory
message.
References:
Environ Biocomposites Mfg. LLC
www.environbiocomposites.com
Green Depot
www.greenmakersupply.com/pages/construcuon_
materials/110.php
P-01
P-05 Rapidly Renewable/Sustainable Harvested Materials
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Advanced Framing
Submit design demonstranng reducnon
in framing members and implementanon
plan
1 Designing for Standard Dimensions

Submit design demonstranng standard
dimensions
1 Modular/Pre-Fab Construcuon
Submit design demonstranng use of
modular and/or pre-fab systems in
construcnon
1 Flexibility of Spaces
Submit design and implementanon plan
for mulnple uses of space

Narrative:
Designing for material reducuon can reduce the waste
stream as well as the cost of a project. Using advanced
framingpracuces, theoverall number of framingmembers
is reduced and the depth of the members increased. This
technique uses less material waste and provides a larger
wall cavity for increased insulauon. Increased modularity
and designing to uulise standard product dimensions will
decrease the amount of construcuon waste generated
on-site and simplify construcuon. Modular systems,
such as structurally insulated panel systems, reduce the
need for on-site construcuon decreasing ume, costs and
errors.
All of these systems and techniques require increased
auenuon to detail in design and planning. Further taking
the ume to design in exibility of programs into spaces
will reduce the need for costly and disrupuve addiuons
and renovauons in the future.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Creaung a standard design that can be easily adjusted to
t the specic site and climate characterisucs will reduce
the need for ume intensive redesigns with each project.
Exisng Hotels
These strategies do not apply to exisung projects.
Advantages:
Reduced material costs; Reduced construcuon waste
disposal costs; Increased energy em ciency; Reduces the
need for future construcuon
Disadvantages:
Increased design eort; Lack of experuse and/or materials
in some markets
References:
Southface Energy Insutute
www.southface.org/default-interior/Documents/awf-
advanced_frame00-770.pdf
Structural Insulated Panel Associauon
www.sips.org
G-03
P-06 Design for Material Reduction and Flexibility of Spaces
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Narrative:
Mold growth and contaminants in indoor environments
can cause persistent problems from producing staining
and foul odours to serious respiratory illnesses. Removing
and remediaung contaminants aer it has been nouced
can be a very expensive process.
Mold will grow anywhere that excess moisture is present.
The best way to combat mold growth is to control
the moisture introduced to interior spaces. During
construcuon, the staging and storage of absorbent
materials and air handling equipment is criucal to
prevenung the introducuon of contaminants. Delivering
and storing ducts covered and sealed will prevent dust and
debris from contaminaung the air handling equipment. If
absorbent materials do get wet, allowing thorough dry
out before installauon will prevent future mold growth.
Proper envelope detailing and installauon will deter
rain and humid air inltrauon and allow for full dry out
when moisture is introduced. Vapour barriers/retarders
should be limited to use in the correct climate zones with
auenuon paid to how the walls will dry out. Using mold
resistant materials will deter mold growth when small
amounts of moisture are present. Bathrooms, kitchens
and other humid areas of the building should provide the
appropriate automated exhaust opuons.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Design teams should consider climate and movement of
moisture through the envelope when creaung details and
wall construcuons. Construcuon teams should create and
implement a Construcuon Air Quality Management Plan.
Exisng Hotels
Regular inspecuons for leaks and condensauon build
up should be implemented and problems remediated
immediately. When renovaung exisung faciliues,
consider installing bathroom exhausts that vent to the
outside and replacing interior wall coverings with vapour
permeable nishes that allow walls to dry out.
Advantages:
Increased durability of construcuon materials; Odour
reducuon; Increased guest sausfacuon; Less inltrauon
reduces energy consumpuon
Disadvantages:
Requires supervision during construcuon; Can require
added design experuse
References:
Sheet Metal and Air Condiuoning Contractor's Nauonal
Associauon
www.smacna.org
US Environment Protecuon Agency
www.epa.gov/iaq/schooldesign/controlling.html
B-04
P-07 Mold/Contaminant Resistant Materials and Process
Credited Actions
1 Specify Mold Resistant Products
Specify mold resistant products where
appropriate

1 Moisture Resistant Details/Design
Specify moisture resistant details where
appropriate
1 Spot Exhaust
Install spot exhausts in all bathrooms,
kitchens and pool rooms
1 Envelope Dry Out

Allow envelope to fully dry out before
installing moisture barriers
1 Construcuon Materials Storage/Handling

Follow a Construcnon IAQ Management
Plan

S-01 Environmentally Sensiuve Site Management
S-02 Desunauon Protecuon
S-03 Building Siung
S-04 Ecology and Landscaping
S-05 Reduce Auto Use Impact
S-06 Parking
According to the US EPA, developed land use in 2004 was
equal to around 108 million acres. This was an increase of
24% over the previous 10 years. This trend is replicated
throughout much of the world as populauons grow and
migrate to urban areas of the world.
With this growth, land that could have been put to
other uses is lost. These uses could include land for
growing food, and diversied ecosystems. As paved areas
grow, rainwater is no longer auenuated at the point of
contact with the ground and immediately runs o taking
contaminants and eroding soil. Waterways get polluted.
Developed land tends to consist of a high percentage
of hardscape - such as parking areas and building roofs.
These are heated by the sun during the day and re-emit
that heat at night which can raise local air temperatures.
This can increase air condiuoning loads for a building and
also impact insects and other wildlife.
A site should be chosen, designed, and constructed, to
minimize the impacts listed above. The social impact of
the site should also be considered along with the ease of
access to those working at the site.
S-01 to S-06 Site Action Groups
S-01 Environmentally Sensitive Site Management
Narrative:
The environmental implicauons of the management of a
hotel site can be profound. Oen chemicals used for pest
control, ferulising, cleaning walkways, or removing ice end
up polluung the ground or waterways and aecung local
ora and fauna. The implementauon of a comprehensive
site management plan can lessen this impact whilst also
improving condiuons for guests and workers by ensuring
that the frequency of site maintenance work is kept to
a minimum and eliminaung potenual exposure to toxic
substances.
The site management plans relate to the following
issues:
Maintenance equipment
Snow and ice removal
Cleaning of building exterior and hardscapes
Paints and sealants used on building exterior
Outdoor pest management
Erosion and sedimentauon control
Composung or mulching of landscape waste
Minimisauon of chemical feruliser use
Considerations:
New Hotels
A site management plan should be implemented at the
onset of construcuon to minimise the impact to the
building site. In parucular, an erosion and sedimentauon
control plan is necessary to control and minimise the
introducuon of silt and pollutants into the watershed
during rain events. Projects with new site or landscaping
work should follow the suggesuons in the referenced
stormwater polluuon protecuon guidelines appropriate
to the project site.
Exisng Hotels
Reducuon in the use of toxic chemicals on the hotel
site is a low-cost measure that will deliver immediate
environmental benets. Erosion and sedimentauon
control should be performed for all landscaping work.
Mulching or composung of landscaping waste should
be done where possible to reduce waste hauling and
ferulising costs.
Advantages:
Low cost measures; Potenual to reduce expenditure on
chemicals and equipment, and waste hauling; Minimises
risk of exposure of toxic chemicals to hotel guests and
workers.
Disadvantages:
Requires training and documentauon to implement and
track; Some low-impact alternauves are not suitable or
available in all locauons.
References:
IHG Sustainable Building Exterior and Hardscape
Management Plan
IHG Sustainable Integrated Pest Management, Erosion
Control and Landscape Management Plan
O-04, W-05, W-06, S-02, S-04
1 Erosion & Sedimentauon Control During
Construcuon

1 Adopt IHG Sustainable Building Exterior
and Hardscape Management Plan

1 Adopt IHG Sustainable Integrated Pest
Management, Erosion Control and
Landscape Management Plan

LEED SSc2 & SSc3
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Site Selecuon
Avoid prime parkland, farmland,
proximity to wetlands and bodies of
water, protected species habitat
1 Species & Habitat Protecuon

Provide wildlife corridors, ecological
bugers, restore nanve species
1 Habitat Educauon
Provide guided tours, literature and
signage to inform guests of sensinve
habitat to avoid

Narrative:
Construcuon and tourism can be very disrupuve to local
ecosystems and endanger the natural resources that make
a locauon a desirable desunauon. Whenever possible,
choosing a building site that has already been disturbed
and/or is not home to sensiuve species is the rst step to
reducing the negauve impact of increased human acuvity
in an area. Landscape and site planning should protect
nauve species with wetland buers, wildlife corridors and
habitat restorauon. Trained tour guides and other means
of signage and visitor educauon should be employed to
limit damage to protected areas.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Language explaining proper site preparauon and
maintenance should be included in specicauons. All
projects could pracuce site and species protecuon
starung with a basic ecological audit that will inform site
design and use.
S-02 Destination Protection
Exisng Hotels
Considerauon should be made for habitat restorauon
when designing new landscape features and guides and/
or educauon for guests visiung ecologically fragile areas
should be provided
Advantages:
Reduces invasive species; lowers landscaping maintenance
costs; Creates a stronger sense of place; Preserves the
natural character of the desunauon environment.
Disadvantages:
Limits buildable site; Construcuon erosion control
requires oversight and maintenance.
References:
US EPA: Nauonal Pollutant Discharge Eliminauon System,
Chapter 3
www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/chap03_conguide.pdf
US EPA: NPDES, Stormwater Polluuon Prevenuon Guide
www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/sw_swppp_guide.pdf
Nature Serve
www.natureserve.org/
S-01, S-04, S-05 Action Group Impact:
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Opumised Solar Orientauon
Face building within 30 of south (or
north for southern hemisphere hotels)
1 Reduce Building Footprint

Less than 50% of total site area

Narrative:
Well planned solar orientauon balances the need to block
sunlight from contribuung to cooling loads and permits
penetrauon for daylighung and solar heaung. Orienung
the building so that the longest facades are exposed to
the North and South with appropriate shading allows
the project to take greatest advantage of available solar
resources.
By designing the most em cient building footprint that
meets occupancy and operaung requirements resources
are conserved during construcuon and operauon of
the facility. Building for possible expansion that is not
ulumately used only results in higher iniual capital cost
as well as higher faciliues costs. Reducing the building
footprint also allows more of the site to be uulised for
landscaping and habitat restorauon.
Considerations:
New Hotels
When minimising the footprint of a project determine
funcuons, such as event parking or large meeung
halls, can be shared with neighbouring faciliues or
stacked. When opumising solar orientauon, incorporate
appropriate horizontal and verucal solar shading devices
on the exposed facades.
Exisng Hotels
Exisung projects may only pursue this acuon if expansions
are planned. When expansions are being planned, rst
determine what neighbouring resources could be beuer
uulised in lieu of new construcuon.
Advantages:
Reduced operaung costs; Reduced construcuon costs
Disadvantages:
Possible increased design costs
References:
US DOE: Passive Solar Design
www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/26015.pdf
Natural Resources Defence Council: From Principle to
Pracuce, Choose a Sustainable Site
www.nrdc.org/buildinggreen/strategies/site.asp
B-01, S-02, S-04
S-03 Building Siting
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Vegetated Open Space
A minimum 75% of vegetated open space

1 Nauve/Adapuve Species
A minimum 50% of nanve or adapnve
vegetanon

1 Site Restorauon
Greenfeld sites limit site disturbance
with a site development plan including
restoranon of any disturbed vegetanon;
previously developed restore 50% of the
site area outside the building footprint
1 Maximise Open Space

Exceed local zoning open space
requirements by a minimum 25%

Narrative:
Plan the building footprint, driveway and parking to
maximise open space and preserve local ecosystems.
Green space should serve as a wildlife corridor and may
be used for recreauon or aestheuc gardens. Vegetauon
contributes signicantly to other measures such as
reduced heat island impact and stormwater control.
Nauve vegetauon species adapt to the geography,
hydrology, and climate of the region, require liule or
no irrigauon, minimal maintenance and require no
ferulisers, pesucides and herbicides. Nauve vegetauon
act as local habitats to animal species in the region and
create biodiversity. Vegetated open space is criucal to
threatened/endangered species.
If a site will be disturbed during construcuon such as lling
wetlands, vegetauon removal, soil compacuon, then a
restorauon plan should be developed and the project
must develop an Erosion and Sedimentauon Control
Plan based on the requirements in the IHG Integrated
Pest Management, Erosion Control and Landscape
Management Plan.. The restorauon plan can idenufy
areas not to be disturbed, as well as procedures to ensure
that the site is restored. The plan should illustrate the site
before construcuon and the measures that will be taken
during and aer construcuon to restore habitats.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Disturbance outside the building footprint should be
minimised. An ecological disturbance should be miugated
with a site restorauon plan including developing habitats
for plant and animal species. Urban environments
may uulise plazas, courtyards, or even green roofs.
Greenspaces in close proximity to the hotel may have
secure wireless internet access enabling sta to work
remotely. If there is sum cient open space, a plant with
high caloric value could be grown as a biofuel.
Exisng Hotels
Invasive and non-nauve species should be removed from
the exisung hotel grounds and replaced with nauve/
adapuve species. Landscape maintenance pracuces
should minimize the use of chemicals, reduce the
introducuon of pollutants to stormwater runo and
reduce waste.
Advantages:
Nauve/adapuve species require liule or no water and
less maintenance, open space for guests, visitors and
employees can use for recreauon
Disadvantages:
Nauve/adapuve species require a higher capital cost than
tradiuonal grasses
References:
Donald Harker, Landscape Restorauon Handbook
W-05, W-06, S-01, S-02, S-03
S-04 Ecology and Landscaping
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Access to Public Transportauon
Within 180 metres (600 feet) distance of
public transportanon or hotel provided
shuule or other
1 On-Site Alternauve Transportauon

Rentals
Provide availability for Bicycles, Segway,
Fuel-Eg cient Vehicles, for a total of 2%
guest rooms

1 Employee Bicycling Program
Parking and shelter for bicycles for 10%
of total shif stag

1 Shuule/Carpool Services
Create or provide a shuule or carpool
program for stag

Narrative:
The environmental impact of transportauon to and from
the project can be signicantly decreased with planning
and programs that decrease single occupancy vehicle
use. Guests and employees will benet from programs
that oer alternauves to single occupancy vehicles.
Enabling employees and guests to uulise public
transportauon will lead to a reducuon in automobile
polluuon, road development and parking requirements.
Cering ameniues such as discounted or readily available
transit cards can increase ridership in areas where mass
transit is available. Fuel em cient shuules that service
airports, train stauons and mass transit stauons can
be employed in remote locauons to discourage single
occupancy vehicle rental.
Biking instead of driving reduces polluuon, parking
requirements, and provides a healthy alternauve to
tram c. Providing bicycle and fuel-em cient vehicle rentals
on-site will allow guest greater exibility while reducing
car usage.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Before considering a potenual building or site locauon,
the owner should thoroughly invesugate local bus, train,
and light rail transportauon opuons. Parking plans should
incorporate shuule and carpool drop-o areas as well as
provide ample secure bicycle storage for employees and
guest rentals.
Exisng Hotels
All projects can encourage employee use of alternauve
transportauon by giving preferenual parking to fuel
em cient vehicles and carpools, providing bike storage
and showering faciliues, parucipaung in mass transit
discount fare programs and providing easy accessibility
to mass transit.
Guest alternauve transportauons programs, with on-site
rentals, shuule services, maps and educauon, can be
incorporated in part or in full depending on the locauons
resources.
Advantages:
Some countries - such as the UK - have government run
tax break schemes available to employers to promote the
use of bicycles, exercise could also reduce health care
costs, Increased appeal and accessibility of the hotel.
Disadvantages:
Depending on the local market, land use and value may
be higher near public transportauon, shuule services will
increase costs.
References:
Average em ciencies for various transport modes:
Commuter Rail (Diesel): 0.475 l/100km (495 mpg) per
passenger
Bus: (Diesel): 0.653 l/100km (360 mpg) per passenger
Car: 6.53 l/100km (36 mpg) per passenger
American Council for Energy Em cient Economy:
Transportauon Program
www.aceee.org/transportauon/index.htm
US DOE: Fuel Economy
www.fueleconomy.gov
S-02, S-06
S-05 Reduce Auto Use Impact
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
Credited Actions
1 Code Minimum/No Addiuonal Parking
1 Parking Under Shade
Shade 50% of parking areas with > 29 SRI
materials
1 Pervious/Permeable Paving
Minimum 50% of surface area

1 Recycled Content Paving
Minimum 50% of surface area

Narrative:
Large vehicle storage lots cause many other environmental
impacts beyond simply supporung single occupancy
vehicle use. Surface car parking lots limit the amount of
site available for habitat and management of stormwater.
These large impervious surfaces cause excessive runo
which causes ooding, erosion and the introducuon
of pollutants into waterways. The dark surface of the
pavement is also a major contributor to the urban heat
island eect that changes the microclimate of areas. Heat
islands are characterised by a thermal gradient between
developed and undeveloped areas. Heat island impact
can be reduced by shading hardscape and using open grid
paving systems or paving material with a solar reecuve
index (SRI) greater than 29.
These environmental impacts can be reduced by
minimising surface parking and selecung environmentally
preferable materials.
Shading with exisung trees can be an aestheucally
pleasing opuon that incurs no cost. Asphalt has a SRI of
0 while new white concrete has an SRI of 86. If nancial
or local circumstances provide no alternauve to the use
of asphalt, teams should consider the use of recycled
asphalt where locally available and feasible. Paving
opuons that allow for increased stormwater inltrauon
include pervious concrete, open grid pavers, gravel and
structural systems that allow for periodic parking on
grass.
Considerations:
New Hotels
Required parking should be minimised through alternauve
transportauon programs, where applicable. Parking area
should be shaded with trees or placed under a structure
with a high albedo roof. Surface parking should provide
rainwater inltrauon through pervious paving materials.
Materials used to construct new parking should be light
coloured and/or have high recycled content.
Exisng Hotels
Projects with exisung parking spaces should not create
addiuonal parking. Parking should be shaded with trees
and/or resurfaced with a lighter coloured material, such
as white topping.
Advantages:
Greater stormwater inltrauon will reduce strain on
infrastructure and need for detenuon/retenuon areas. In
hot climates providing covered parking areas will increase
driver comfort.
Disadvantages:
Underground parking could cost signicantly more
than surface parking. Pervious pavement materials
and experienced installers may not be available or may
increase costs.
References:
US Environmental Protecuon Agency: Heat Island Eect
www.epa.gov/heausld/resources/pdf/HIRIbrochure.pdf
Nauonal Ready Mixed Concrete Associauon: Pervious
Concrete Pavement
www.perviouspavement.org
Interlocking Concrete Pavement Insutute
www.icpi.org/design/?gclid=CInP8K__95MCFQfNIgodA
hkGWw
W-06, S-05
S-06 Parking
Energy
Waste
Water
Carbon
Aordability
Consumer
Minor Major
A/C Lockout
A switch which automaucally turns a rooms air
condiuoning unit o when a window is open.
Absorption Cooling
A type of cooling process that uses a heat-acuvated
refrigerauon cycle. This means that the mean energy
source for cooling can be a source of heat including
waste heat, natural gas or biomass.
Agriibre Products
Composite panel products derived from recovered
agricultural waste bre. Sources include cereal straw
and agricultural prunings, which are mixed with resins to
produce panel products.
Air Cooled Chiller
A refrigerauon device used for air condiuoning that
rejects heat to air.
Air Handling Unit (AHU)
A device used to condiuon and circulate air as part of
buildings HVAC system. Equipment includes a fan or
blower, heaung and/or cooling coils, controls, air lters
and possibly humidiers.
Albedo
A measure of a materials reecuvity, which ranges from
0 (dark) to 1 (light).
ASHRAE 90.1-2004
US energy standard which provides minimum energy-
em ciency requirements for the design and construcuon
of new buildings and building systems. This code covers
building envelope construcuon, HVAC, domesuc hot
water and electrical systems.
Biofuel
Fuel such as methane produced from treated municipal
and industrial waste or renewable biological resources
such as biomass.
Biomass
Plant mauer such as trees, grasses, agricultural crops
or other biological material. It can provide a renewable
source of electrical power, fuel, or chemical feedstocks.
Bioswale
A landscape element designed to channel surface runo
water whilst removing silt and polluuon.
Blackwater
Wastewater from toilets and kitchen sinks that contains
organic materials.
Blowdown Heat Recovery
Blowdown is the process of limiung the concentrauon
of impuriues in steam boiler water through the periodic
or conunuous removal of some of the water. A heat
recovery system can be added to recover the thermal
energy in this water that would otherwise be lost.
Building Management System (BMS)
A computer-based control system installed in buildings
that controls and monitors the buildings mechanical
and electrical equipment. Operauon of venulauon,
lighung, and power systems is controlled based on
measurements of variables such as space temperature
and humidity. Fire and security systems may also be
controlled.
Building Envelope
The exterior poruons of a building through which
Glossary
thermal energy is transferred between the building and
its surroundings, including oors, walls, roofs and glazed
areas.
Building Footprint
The area on a project site that is used by the building
structure. Parking lots, landscapes and other non-
building faciliues are excluded.
Carbon Dioxide (CO
2
)
A greenhouse gas and indicator of venulauon
eecuveness inside buildings. CO
2
concentrauons
greater than 540 ppm above outdoor CO
2
condiuons
are generally considered to be an indicator of poor
breathing air quality and inadequate venulauon.
Chloroluorocarbons (CFCs)
Chemicals previously used as refrigerants but
now banned due to their damaging eect on the
stratospheric ozone layer. These chemicals are also
potent greenhouse gases, in the order of 5,000 10,000
umes stronger than CO
2
.
CoGen
Also known as Combined Heat and Power (CHP). The
simultaneous generauon of both electricity and useful
heat, typically on a building or campus level, through the
use of a heat engine or a power stauon.
Condensate
Refers to steam that has been condensed back into
water in a steam heaung system. This may be returned
to the boiler through condensate return lines.
Constructed Wetland
An engineered system designed to simulate natural
wetland funcuons for water puricauon. Constructed
wetlands are essenually treatment systems that remove
contaminants from wastewater.
Daylight Sensor
A control which reads light levels in perimeter zones of
buildings and switches o or dims arucial lighung when
there is sum cient daylight.
Deadband
The range of values around a setpoint where no acuon
occurs, prevenung a system from constantly ickering on
and o.
Direct Digital Control (DDC)
A system which uses a computer or microprocessor to
monitor and control variables such as temperature and
air ow rates.
Double Faade
A faade consisung of a two layers or skins, separated
by a venulated cavity.
Drip Irrigation
A high-em ciency irrigauon method in which water drips
to the soil from perforated tubes or emiuers.
Ecological Buffer
A zone or an area that serves not for any anthropogenic
use but as a conserved natural habitat where plants and
animals can thrive.
Economiser
A system designed to improve the HVAC em ciency
when the outside air is sum ciently cool. An airside
economiser allows an AHU to draw on outside air rather
than recirculaung air as a means of cooling the indoor
space. A waterside economiser uses water cooled by a
wet cooling tower to cool buildings without operaung a
chiller.
Embodied Energy
The total amount of energy involved in creaung a
product, including resource extracuon, transportauon,
manufacturing and fabricauon.
Energy Star
An internauonal standard for energy em cient products
and buildings, run jointly by the U.S. Environmental
Protecuon Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy.
Devices carrying the Energy Star logo, such as computer
products and peripherals, kitchen appliances, buildings
and other products, save 20%-30% on average in energy
consumpuon.
Erosion
A combinauon of processes in which materials of the
earths surface are loosened, dissolved or worn away,
and transported from one place to another by natural
agents.
Evaporative Cooling
The process of cooling air through the simple
evaporauon of water.
Fan Coil Unit (FCU)
A device used to control the temperature of a space. It
consists of a heaung and/or cooling coil and a fan.
FF&E Materials
Furniture, xtures and equipment.
Glossary
FPP (Fan Powered Parallel)
A type of VAV system which can improve venulauon
em ciency of VAV systems in heaung mode. The intake
of air from the AHU is reduced to a minimum and FPP
boxes simply recirculate and heat the air within the
space.
Flush-Out Time
The period during which a buildings air condiuoning
system runs at full capacity at the compleuon of
construcuon but before the building is occupied. This is
intended to reduce the level of pollutants and irritants in
the air to acceptable levels.
Footcandle (fc)
A measure of light falling on a given surface. One
footcandle is equal to the quanuty of light falling on a
one-square-foot area from a one candela light source
at a distance of one foot. Footcandles can be measured
both horizontally and verucally by a footcandle or light
meter.
Formaldehyde
A naturally occurring VOC found in small amounts in
animals and plants, but carcinogenic and an irritant
to most people when present in high concentrauons,
causing headaches, dizziness, mental impairment, and
other symptoms. Urea-formaldehyde is a combinauon
of urea and formaldehyde that is used in some glues and
readily decomposes at room temperature.
Full Cut Off Luminaire
A light source designed to prevent light polluuon by
emim ng no light above horizontal, and an intensity
of less than 10% in the region of 80-90 from the
downward verucal axis.
F-value
The perimeter heat loss factor for slab-on-grade oors,
expressed in Btu/hF.
Geothermal Power
Energy generated from heat stored in the earth, typically
using high temperature water or steam extracted from
deep below the surface to drive turbines.
Green Aware
IHGs in-house training course, addressing
environmentally responsible hotel operauon.
Green Engage
IHGs in-house global measurement tool, used to assess
and benchmark water, energy and waste performance
of hotels.
Green Faade
A faade which features vegetauon, typically climbing
plants, growing directly on the surface or on specially
designed supporung structures.
Greenield
Undeveloped land or land that has not been impacted
by human acuvity.
Greenhouse Gases (GHG)
Those gases, such as water vapour, carbon dioxide, and
methane, that are transparent to solar radiauon, but
opaque to long wave radiauon, and which contribute to
the greenhouse eect.
Greywater
Wastewater generated from domesuc purposes such as
dish washing, lavatory and bathing.
Ground Source Heat Pump (GSHP)
A type of heat pump that uses the ground, ground
water, or ponds as a heat source and heat sink, rather
than outside air. Ground or water temperatures are
more constant and are warmer in winter and cooler in
summer than air temperatures. Geothermal heat pumps
operate more em ciently than convenuonal or air
source heat pumps.
Heat Island Effect
The eect whereby an urban area is signicantly warmer
than surrounding rural areas, mainly due to solar energy
retenuon on constructed surfaces. Principal surfaces
that contribute to the heat island eect include streets,
sidewalks, parking lots and buildings.
Heat Recovery
The process of capturing heat from the exhaust air from
a building and transferring it to the supply air entering
the building to preheat the air and increase overall
em ciency.
Humidistat
An automauc control device used to maintain humidity
at a xed or adjustable setpoint.
HVAC System
The Heaung, Venulaung, and Air-Condiuoning systems
equipment, distribuuon systems, and terminals used
to provide thermal comfort and venulauon for building
interiors.
Hydrochloroluorocarbons (HCFCs)
Refrigerants used in building equipment that deplete
the stratospheric ozone layer, but to a lesser extent
than CFCs. These chemicals are also potent greenhouse
Glossary
gases, in the order of 100 2,000 umes stronger than
CO
2
.
Hydroluorocarbons (HFCs)
Refrigerants that do not deplete the stratospheric ozone
layer. However, some HFCs have high global warming
potenual, in the order of 1,000 10,000 umes stronger
than CO
2
, and thus are not environmentally benign.
Impervious Surface
A surface which does not allow rainwater to pass
through it, creaung stormwater runo.
Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
The nature of air that aects the health and well-being
of building occupants.
Industrial Symbiosis
A form of coexistence whereby a number of industries
make use of each others producuon residues or by-
products for commercial and environmental reasons.
Iniltration
The unintenuonal or accidental introducuon of outside
air into a building, typically through cracks in the
building envelope and through use of doors for passage.
Light Shelf
An architectural element which consists of a highly
reecuve overhang on a window. Light shelves are
designed to increase daylighung by reecung light onto
the ceiling and deeper into a space.
Light Pollution
Caused by stray light from unshielded light sources and
light reecung o surfaces that enters the atmosphere,
causing an eect know as sky glow. Light polluuon
can substanually limit visual access to the night sky and
adversely aect nocturnal environments, and needlessly
consumes energy and natural resources.
Light Trespass
Obtrusive, unwanted light.
Low-E (Emissivity) Coating
A coaung applied to the surface of the glazing of a
window to improve thermal performance by increasing
its ability to reect heat.
MERV (Minimum Eficiency Reporting Value)
A measure of the em ciency of an air lter in removing
parucles.
Modular/Pre-Fab Construction
Construcuon using standard designs that allow some
level of preassembly before delivery to the site.
Native/Adapted Vegetation
Species that are indigenous to a locality or have adapted
to the local climate and are not invasive. Such plants do
not require irrigauon or ferulisauon once root systems
are established in the soil.
Natural Ventilation
The process of supplying and removing air without
mechanical assistance in building spaces by using
openings such as windows and doors, non-powered
venulators, and inltrauon processes.
NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers
Association)
A US organisauon which provides standards for high
em ciency motors.
Noise Criteria (NC)
A standard system established in the US for raung indoor
noise from air condiuoning systems, etc.
Occupancy Sensor
A device that detects the presence or absence of people
within an area and causes lighung, equipment, or
appliances to be regulated accordingly.
Packaged Terminal Air Conditioner (PTAC)
A self-contained air condiuoning and heaung system
commonly found in hotels. Typically, PTACs use a
refrigerant cycle for cooling, with electric heaung.
Packaged Terminal Heat Pump (PTHP)
A PTAC capable of using the refrigeraung system in a
reverse cycle or heat pump mode to provide heat.
Pervious/Permeable Paving
Paving which allows rainwater to pass through it and
seep into the ground, reducing stormwater runo.
Photovoltaic (PV) Cell
A device which converts light into electricity.
Potable Water
Water that meets drinking water quality standards and
is approved for human consumpuon by the state or local
authoriues having jurisdicuon.
Prime Mover
A device in a buildings HVAC system where electrical
energy is converted to rotaung-sha power, such as
boilers, chillers and air handling fans.
Rainwater Harvesting
The collecuon and storage of rainwater, which can be
used for irrigauon or toilet-ushing.
Rapidly Renewable Materials
Agricultural products, either bre or animal, which take
10 years or less to grow/raise and harvest in an ongoing
and sustainable fashion.
Recycling
The collecuon, reprocessing, markeung and use of
materials which have been diverted or recovered from
the solid waste stream.
Relectivity
The rauo of the light reected by a material to the light
incident upon it.
Refrigerant
The working uid of refrigerauon cycles. Refrigerants
absorb heat through evaporauon from a reservoir at low
temperatures and reject heat through condensauon at
higher temperatures.
Regional Material
A material which has been extracted/harvested/
recovered and manufactured within a specic distance
of the building site, typically 800 kilometres (500 miles).
Relative Humidity (RH)
The rauo of parual density of water vapour in the air
to the saturauon density of water vapour at the same
temperature.
Return Air
Air removed from condiuoned spaces that is either
Glossary
recirculated in the building or exhausted to the outside.
Reverberation Control
The reducuon of reverberauon, or echoing, as a means
of reducing the spread of sound from one area to
another, typically through the use of porous, sound-
absorpuve materials.
Reverse Osmosis (RO)
A ltrauon process where pressure is used to force
water through a membrane, leaving behind any
impuriues.
RS Means
The leading US supplier of construcuon cost informauon.
R-value (Thermal Resistance)
The reciprocal of U-value. Units of R are h2F/Btu.
Sedimentation
The addiuon of soils to water bodies by natural and
human-related acuviues. Sedimentauon decreases
water quality and accelerates the aging process of lakes,
rivers and streams.
Solar Heat Gain Coeficient (SHGC)
The rauo of the solar heat gain entering the space
through a glazing to the incident solar radiauon. Solar
heat gain includes directly transmiued solar heat and
absorbed solar radiauon, which is then reradiated,
conducted, or convected into the space.
Solar Orientation
The orientauon of a building with respect to the sun,
which can have a signicant eect on energy em ciency.
Solar Thermal
The technology of extracung thermal energy (heat) from
solar energy. Typical uses include domesuc hot water
and pool heaung.
SRI (Solar Relectance Index)
A measure of a materials ability to reject solar heat. A
standard black has an SRI of 0 and a standard white 100.
Stormwater Runoff
Water volumes that are created during precipitauon
events and ow over surfaces into sewer systems or
receiving waters.
Sunpath Analysis
A simulauon of the progression of the sun over a year,
which is used when designing a building to determine
shading eects and sun penetrauon.
Supply Air
Air delivered to condiuoned spaces for use in venulaung,
heaung, cooling, humidifying, and dehumidifying those
spaces.
Thermal Broken Detail
A faade element featuring a spacer, made of an
insulaung material, which separates indoor and outdoor
surfaces.
Thermal Comfort
A condiuon of mind experienced by building occupants
expressing sausfacuon with the thermal environment.
Thermal Storage
The storage of thermal energy during uulity o-peak
umes at night, usually in the form of ice or other phase-
Glossary
change materials, which is then used during peak
periods the next day.
Total Phosphorous (TP)
Pollutants found in stormwater, consisung of
organically bound phosphates, poly-phosphates and
orthophosphates, the majority of which originates from
feruliser applicauon. Chemical precipitauon is the typical
removal mechanism.
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
Parucles which are too small or light to be removed
from stormwater via gravity seuling. Suspended solid
concentrauons are typically removed via ltrauon.
Urea-Formaldehyde
(see Formaldehyde)
U-value (Thermal Transmittance)
The rate of heat transmission through a material,
induced by a temperature dierence between one side
and the other. Units of U are Btu/ h2F.
Vapour Barrier
An element in a wall, oor or ceiling that does not
allow moisture or air to penetrate and is used to xontrol
moisture migrauon through building envelopes.
Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)
A system for controlling the rotauonal speed of a motor
by controlling the frequency of the electrical power
supplied to the motor, allowing the speed of the motor
to match demand.
Variable Air Volume (VAV)
HVAC system capable of varying the rate of heated or
cooled supply air to a space as demand varies.
Ventilation
The process of supplying and removing air to and from
spaces in a building by natural or mechanical means.
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Organic compounds which vaporise at normal room
temperatures, and may contribute to poor indoor air
quality in buildings.
Waste Stream Audit
The measurement of the quanuty and composiuon of
the waste generated by a facility.
Water Cooled Chiller
A refrigerauon device that uses cooling towers to reject
heat.
Water Hardness
A measure of the level of minerals such as calcium and
magnesium ions in water.
Waterless Urinal
A dry plumbing xture that uses advanced hydraulic
design and a buoyant uid instead of water to maintain
sanitary condiuons.
Weather stripping
The use of strips of material for sealing building
openings such as doors and windows, to reduce air
inltrauon and heat loss.
WHO (World Health Organisation) Drinking
Water Quality Standards
The internauonal reference point for drinking water
quality regulauon and standard sem ng.
Wildlife Corridor
An area of habitat connecung wildlife populauons
separated by human acuviues such as roads,
development or logging.
Xeriscaping
Landscaping designed to reduce or eliminate the need
for supplemental irrigauon.
Glossary
APPENDICES
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A: Existing
Hotels Energy Analysis
Introduction
1
How to Use this Appendix 2
How to Read the Calculation
Sheets
3
Energy Model Assumptions 7
Global Climate Map 15
Climate Data 16
Calculation Sheets 18
Overall Summary Page 19
Hot-Humid 20
Arid 76
Temperate 132
Cold-Alpine 188
APPENDIX B: New
Hotels Energy Analysis
Introduction
1
How to Read the Calculation
Sheets
3
Energy Model Assumptions 7
Climate Data 11
Energy Charts 13
Hot-Humid 24
Arid 54
Temperate 84
Cold-Alpine 118
APPENDIX C: LEED
Documentation
Introduction
1
Introduction
1
How to Read the Overall Summary Page 3
How to Read the Climate Summary Pages 4
How to Read the Individual ECM Calculation
Sheets
5
Energy Model Assumptions: General 7
Energy Model Assumptions: Financial 10
Energy Model Assumptions: Individual ECMs 12
Climate Data 16
Hot-Humid: Install or Replace Immediately 20
Hot-Humid: Replace at End of Lifetime 56
Arid: Install or Replace Immediately 76
Arid: Replace at End of Lifetime 112
Temperate: Install or Replace Immediately 132
Temperate: Replace at End of Lifetime 168
Cold-Alpine: Install or Replace Immediately 188
Cold-Alpine: Replace at End of Lifetime 224
Introduction
Issued February 1, 2011 1 Existing Hotels Energy Analysis - Green Engage/Solutions
Green Engage/Soluons for Exisng Hotels contains 40 Level
1 Prerequisite Acons and 10 Level 2 Prerequisite Acons (50
Prerequisites in total). These acons are designed to improve
the sustainable operaons of a hotel across a wide range of
areas including water use, waste management, products and
materials, guest comfort, and parcularly energy use.
Of the 50 Level 1 and Level 2 Prerequisites, 15 have a direct
impact on energy consumpon (11 Level 1 and four Level 2
Acons). This appendix has been developed to show both
the individual impact these 15 Prerequisites can have on
hotel energy use, and to show the overall savings that can be
achieved by reaching Level 1 and Level 2 Cercaon.
To do this, a detailed computer energy model of an 'average'
IHG hotel was created, using actual IHG prototype drawings and
energy use data. The eect of each Prerequisite was calculated
in four climates, represenng the full range of locaons of IHG
properes. Then these Prerequisites were combined to show
how a Level 1 Cered Hotel and Level 2 Cered Hotel would
perform against a typical hotel that hasn't gone through the
Green Engage/Soluons program.
These results can all be found in the Calculaon Sheets. The
diagram to the right shows how these sheets t together.
Detailed instrucons on how to read and interpret these sheets
are provided on the following four pages
For informaon on the climate zones, and help determining
which climate zone your hotel is located in, refer to the Global
Climate Map and Climate Data secons.
While the results of this energy analysis are applicable to hotels
in a wide variety of locaons and brands, obviously in the real
world actual results may vary. If you'd like to look in more
detail at how the energy model was created, and determine
whether these assumpons apply to your parcular property,
refer to the Energy Modelling Assumpons secon.
How to Use this Appendix
How to Read the Overall Summary Page
How to Read the Climate Summary Pages
How to Read the Individual ECM Calculation Sheets (1/2)
Introduction:
A full building energy model was created for this study,
using the energy modelling program eQUEST. This
model is intended to represent a typical IHG hotel with
average energy performance.
The model sem ngs, including construcuon, lighung and
equipment loads, mechanical systems and em ciencies,
are typical of a 10 - 30 year old full service hotel. To
verify the assumpuons used, the energy consumpuon
of the model was entered into Energy Star Target Finder
to ensure that it aligned very closely with the actual
average energy consumpuon of hotels in a number of
dierent locauons.
Every real IHG hotel will dier to some degree from
this energy model. Nevertheless, it was created to
approximate as many IHG hotels as closely as possible.
In general, the results are scalable and can be applied
even to hotels that are very dierent from the model.
For example, implemenung a measure in a hotel that
is twice the size of the model is likely to cost twice as
much but yield twice the annual energy savings, so the
overall result will be the same.
However, in some obvious cases there will be measures
and results that do not apply to some hotels. For
example, using energy em cient guest room refrigerators
would be dim cult for a hotel which does not have guest
room refrigerators.
In other cases, hotels which are completely dierent
from the model can expect results which are also quite
dierent. A resort with acres of landscaped grounds,
several swimming pools and a casino is going to see
energy savings by implemenung the Green Engage Level
1 and Level 2 Prerequisite acuons, but as a percentage
of its total energy consumpuon these savings will look
smaller than for a limited service hotel.
Energy Model Performance
The energy model was validated by entering the
predicted energy consumpuon into Energy Star Target
Finder. This US government-backed tool compares this
number against a database of energy consumpuon data
from a large number of actual hotels, and returns an
Energy Star score, represenung which percenule the
model falls into. For example, and Energy Star score
of 70 means that the model is performing beuer than
70% of hotels. Since the energy model was intended to
represent an average hotel, an Energy Star score of 50
was targeted.
The graph below shows the Energy Star scores for the
model in each of the four climate zones. Note that
the Energy Star score takes into account the eect
climate has on energy performance, so while the energy
consumpuon varied greatly from model to model,
the Energy Star score did not. In fact, the dierence
between the energy model and an Energy Star score of
50 was no more than 4% in any of the climate zones.
Climates Modelled:
The model was run in four climate zones, covering the
full range of locauons of IHGs properues. The following
weather data was used to simulate these four zones:
Hot-Humid: West Palm Beach, Florida
Arid: Phoenix, Arizona
Temperate: New York, New York
Cold-Alpine: Fargo, North Dakota
Slight modicauons were made to the model to adapt it
to each climate zone. For example, extra insulauon was
provided in the cold-alpine zone. Each of these changes
has been noted in the following secuons.
Building Geometry:
The geometry of the model, including allocauon of oor
space and number of guest rooms, was based on IHG
Holiday Inn Balanced Full Service Prototype drawings.
The model has the following properues:
150 guest rooms
Guest room area: 400 sf (37 m)
Energy Model Assumptions: General (1/3)
6 oors
Total building area: 90,000 sf (8,360 m)
Building area per oor: 15,000 sf (1,390 m)
Exterior walls have 30% glazing
Building Envelope Construction
Walls: 4 inch heavyweight concrete with 2 inch
polystyrene insulauon (R-8)
Roof: 4 inch heavyweight concrete with 2 inch
polystyrene insulauon (R-8). Cold-Alpine model
uses 4 inch polystyrene insulauon (R-16).
Windows: double clear glazing, aluminium frame,
operable. Hot-Humid model has bronze unted
glass.
Shading: Light-coloured fabric drapes. Hot-humid
model has 2 foot overhangs on all windows.
Occupancy:
Hotel rooms: 2 people per room
All other spaces: default occupancy densiues used
Lighting Load
All loads are based on ASHRAE 90.1-1999
allowances for each space type. A 50/50 split
of incandescent and uorescent lighung was
assumed.
Equipment loads
Hotel rooms: One non-Energy Star 32 LCD TV and
one non-Energy Star 3 cu. . refrigerator per room
Food preparauon: 2 dishwashers, 4 ovens,
2 refrigerators, 2 freezers, 2 icemakers, 4
microwaves. All equipment is commercial and non-
Energy Star.
Laundry: 3 clothes washers, 3 clothes dryers. All
equipment is commercial and non-Energy Star.
All other spaces: default equipment loads used
Space Allocations:
The allocauon of oor space was based on IHG Holiday
Inn Balanced Full Service Prototype drawings. Hotel
Rooms and Corridors are allocated to oors 2 6,
all other spaces are allocated to the rst oor of the
model.
Space Type
Building
Area
Occupancy
(sf/person)
Lighung
(W/sf)
Equipment
(W/sf)
Hotel
Rooms
66.6% 200 1.5 0.66
Convenuon
Centre /
Restaurant
3.9% 15 1.6 0.5
Corridors 13.8% 100 0.7 0.1
Mech and
Elec Rooms
5.6% 333 1.3 1.0
Lobby 5.7% 100 1.8 1.0
Restrooms,
Lockers and
Laundry
1.7% 100 1.0 3.3
Food
Preparauon
1.1% 200 2.2 150
Fitness 1.6% 50 1.1 2.0
Schedules:
Default high-use hotel schedules were used for
occupancy, lighung and equipment loads in the model.
These schedules are shown below:
Occupancy:
Lighng:
Equipment:
Mechanical Systems:
1st oor and corridors: VAV system with reheat
Guest rooms: Packaged terminal air condiuoners
(PTACs)
Cooling em ciency: 8.0 EER (2.3 COP). Hot-humid
model has 9.0 EER (2.6 COP).
Heaung (hot-humid and arid): electric resistance
heaung
Heaung (temperate and cold-alpine): gas-red hot
water boiler, em ciency 75%
Thermostat Setpoints
Cooling: 74F
Heaung: 74F
Other Loads
Domesuc Hot Water: Gas-red hot water storage
tank, 7.4 gallons/person/day
2 passenger elevators
Exterior lighung of the following spaces, based on
ASHRAE 90.1-1999 allowances:
Car park and grounds: 100,000 sf (9,290 m)
Faade and entrances: 30,000 sf (2,790 m)
Labour Costs:
All labour costs are sourced from RS Means. They are
US nauonal average gures and assume open contract
prices (as opposed to union rates). The below table
shows the base rate (including fringe benet), the total
overhead and prot percentage increase and the labour
rate with overhead and prot included. The overhead
and prot includes workers compensauon insurance
specic to each trade, an average xed overhead of
16.3%, an overhead for each trade and a prot of 10%.
Trade Base Rate O&P %
Rate with
O&P
Common
Building
Labourers
$25.50 68.2% 42.90%
Skilled
Worker
$32.70 67.7% $54.85
Carpenter $32.40 68.2% $54.50
Electrician $39.20 62.7% $63.80
Plumber $38.50 63.9% $63.10
Capital Costs and Lifetimes:
Capital costs occur in both scenarios of replace or
install now and replace at end of lifeume.
For the rst scenario it should be noted that exisung
products to be replaced immediately are assumed to
be, on average, halfway through their lifeume. Under
straight line depreciauon principles they are therefore
worth half of their original purchase value.
Install now products incur a full capital cost outlay since
these products do not already exist within the hotel.
The second scenario of replace at end of lifeume is
obtained from the US Department of Commerce for the
commercial end-use sector.
Energy
Type
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
Electricity -0.9% 0.4% 0.5% 0.8% 1.0%
Natural
Gas
2.6% 0.7% 0.7% 1.9% 1.2%
Projected average (nominal) fuel escalauon rates
including the inauon gure of 2.875% stated earlier.
Energy
Type
2010-
2015
2015-
2020
2020-
2025
2025-
2030
2030-
2035
Electricity 1.9% 3.2% 3.3% 3.6% 3.8%
Natural
Gas
5.4% 3.5% 3.5% 4.7% 4.0%
Weighted Average Cost of Capital:
The discount rate applied to determine the net present
value (NPV) of each ECM can be dierent for each
project, each franchise and each region. Each new
project should input their own personalized discount
rate.
However, to provide a starung point and a basis for
comparison across regions, we have determined the
weighted average cost of capital (rwacc) for the IHG
Group as a whole. This was calculated using the typical
nancial equauons (r_wacc=r_dd/v+r_ee/v and r_
e=r_f+r_m) with the appropriate inputs from a variety
of sources including the IHG Group 2009 Annual Report,
the US Department of Treasury, MSN Money, CNN and
Bloomberg.
rwacc (nominal): 7.19%
Utilities:
uulity values for electricity and natural gas were
obtained from the US Energy Informauon Administrauon
for the baseline 2010 year. These gures are for the
Commercial US Average. Uulity values for water were
obtained from the Circle of Blues Urban Water Pricing
Survey for 2010.
Electricity - US$0.1028/kWh
Natural Gas US$9.27/ Mcf (US$0.90/therm)
Water - US$0.0037/Gal
Emission Factors:
Emission factors for electricity depend on the state or
country electricity mix. However, for comparison across
climate zones the average emission for CO2, SO2 and
NOX across the US has been used. These gures were
sourced from the EPAs eGRID 2007, the EIA and the
EERE.
Energy Type
CO2
(lb/MWh)
SO2
(lb/MWh)
NOX
(lb/MWh)
Electricity 1,329.35 5.2589 1.9366
Natural Gas 398.31 0 0.2994
NPV Financial Inputs:
Base year for analysis: 2010
Building Analysis/Study Period : 20 years
The inauon rates for the past twenty years were
obtained from the US Bureau of Stausucs and averaged
to provide a historical trend.
Inauon rate: 2.785% (20 year historical average)
Projected average (real) fuel escalauon rates were
Energy Model Assumptions: Financial (1/2)
only for exisung products and the capital cost in this
case assumes that the exisung product has reached the
end of its useful lifeume (and therefore has a zero book
value) and therefore only a cost premium has to be paid
for the new energy em cient product.
Maintenance Costs:
All recurring and non-recurring maintenance costs have
been excluded from this analysis.
Replacement Costs:
Replacement costs occur at the end of the measures
useful life and is the original cost premium (in 2010
dollars) with inauon factored in. This replacement cost
is the same in both scenarios of replace or install now
and replace at end of lifeume.
Replacement costs do not take into account future
changes in product prices or technology.
Energy Model Assumptions: Financial (2/2)
Cost Premium - US$680
Average Lifeume 12 years
Commercial Icemakers:
Size of Unit(s): Large
Number of Unit(s) Included - 2
Average Energy Star cost per unit - US$3,905
Convenuonal cost per unit - US$3,550
Vending Machines:
Cost Premium - US$0
Energy Eficient Televisions:
Size of Unit(s): 32 inch
Number of Unit(s): 150
Average Energy Star cost per unit - US$400 (online
average price minus 20% bulk discount)
Cost Premium - US$0
Energy Eficient Guest Room Refrigerators:
Medium sized bar fridge at 3 cu. .
Commercial Dishwasher:
Number Included - 2
Cost Premium - US$1,000
Commercial Gas Oven:
Cost Premium - US$0
Commercial Fridge:
Size of Unit(s): 72 - 80 cu..
Commercial Freezer:
Size of Unit(s): 60+ cu..
Towel/Sheet Program:
No addiuonal costs are associated with this measure.
However, there are addiuonal savings (apart from
electricity and natural gas) from water use and laundry
detergent reducuon
Water savings of 34,606 gallons
Detergent savings of 173 gallons at $7 per gallon
Labour cost savings are not included
Energy Eficient Appliances:
This was calculated using a basket of commercial
appliances that possess an Energy Star raung. Please
note that clothes dryers and microwaves do not
currently possess Energy Star raungs and have thus been
excluded from the calculauon.
The energy em cient total average lifeume has been
calculated by average weighung all appliances in the
basket. This average lifeume is 12 years.
The same has been done to determine the total
weighted basket cost of $79,451 and the weighted cost
premium of $5,864.
The individual appliance characterisucs are contained
below:
Commercial Clothes Washers:
Average Energy Star cost per unit - US$750
Convenuonal cost per unit - US$492
Energy Model Assumptions: Individual ECMs (1/3)
Pipe Insulation:
All pipe insulauon is breglass with an all service
jacket
Cost of insulauon depends on width of pipe and
thickness of insulauon suggested as per Green
Engage Energy Charts (see New Hotels Energy
Analysis). Prices range from $4.71 to $12.85
including material, labour, overheard and prot.
Insulauon Lifeume 30 years
Two types of piping are to be insulated:
1. Domesuc hot water line: both primary and secondary
2. Heaung hot water lines (temperate and cold climates
only): Plant room piping, VAV reheat, and PTAC heaung
coils.
NB: The cosung assumes that there is easy access to all
piping within the exisung hotel. It therefore does not
include any demoliuon costs.
Occupancy Sensors in Ofices:
US$193 per sensor including electrician labour
Four om ces per hotel building
Sensor lifeume 10 years
Convenuonal cost per unit of US$0.60 with bulb life
of 750 1,000 hours
Common building labourer sta rate
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back of
House Spaces:
Total of 200 bulbs in back of house with 50%
designated for replacement
building
US$193 per sensor including electrician labour
Sensor lifeume 10 years
Increase bulb lifeumes by 40%
All 200 corridor light bulbs are assumed to already
be CFLs
Install Weatherstripping:
Material cost of weather stripping US$0.88/
3 x 5 window on 130 rooms requiring 1 hour of
carpenter labour rate per window
3 x 10 window on 20 corner rooms requiring 1.5
hours of carpenter labour per window
Average weatherstripping lifeume 10 years
100% of Guest Rooms have 4F Thermostats:
US$217 per thermostat including electrician labour
Meet IPC 2006 Maximum Flow Rates:
Install aerator on all bathroom faucets and low-ow
shower heads
Cost of each aerator is US$22.85 including common
building labour rates
Aerator lifeume 15 years
Cost of each low-ow shower head is US$77.50
including plumber labour rates
Shower head lifeume 10 years
Average Energy Star cost per unit - US$120 (online
Cost Premium - US$0
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Guest
Rooms:
Total of 12 bulbs per room with 50% designated for
replacement
Therefore, there are 6 bulbs to be changed per
room which amounts to 900 bulbs building wide
Average Energy Star cost per unit of US$3.40 with
bulb life of 6,000 12,000 hours
of 750 1,000 hours
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Circulation
Spaces:
Total of 40 bulbs per corridor with 50% designated
for replacement
Therefore, there are 20 bulbs per corridor which
require replacement with CFLs.
This amounts to 100 bulbs to be replaced across
the enure building
Long range sensors cover roughly 50 total
Length of building 220
Therefore, 5 sensors per oor and 25 total per
Average motor lifeume 15 years
In addiuon, the two colder climates can also install a
1 HP NEMA em ciency motor on the hot water heaung
loop.
Cost of 1 HP NEMA em ciency motor is $531
including electrician installauon rate
Cost of 1 HP normal motor is $430 including
electrician installauon rate
Cost Premium of $101
Average motor lifeume 15 years
NB: demoliuon costs are not included
Therefore, there are 100 bulbs in back of house
which require replacement with CFLs
of 750 1,000 hours
Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for
Decorative Fixtures:
Increase om ce light bulb lifeume by 25%
All 16 om ce light bulbs are assumed to already be
CFLs
Variable Frequency Drives:
VFDs only recommended on motors greater than
5HP.
All four climate zones can install one 15 HP capable
VFD for the supply fan motor
Cost of VFD is $2,868 including electrician
installauon rate
VFD lifeume 10 years
NEMA Premium Motors:
All four climates can install a 15 HP NEMA em ciency
motor on the supply fan.
Cost of 15 HP NEMA em ciency motor is $1,482
including electrician installauon rate
Cost of 15 HP normal motor is $1,195 including
electrician installauon rate
Cost Premium of $287
Source: Peel et.al. Updated world map of the Koppen-Geiger climate classicauon, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 16331644, 2007
Global Climate Map
Climate Data
Temperate: New York City, New York
Climate Data
Calculation Sheets
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
Install
Install
Install
Replace
All Climate Zones Energy Modelling Results Summary Existing Hotels
Energy Efficient Guest Room Refrigerators
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Circulation Spaces
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back of House Spaces E-09
Fargo, ND New York, NY
E-10
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Guest Rooms
Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Fixtures
Phoenix, AR West Palm Beach, FL
E-07
E-07
E-09
E-09
Energy Efficient TVs
Immediate
0.1 yrs
0.2 yrs
Immediate
Immediate
M-11
0.3 yrs Immediate
B-04
0.2 yrs
6.2 yrs N/A
W-03
Variable Frequency Drives
9 yrs
2.9 yrs
6 yrs
0.3 yrs Immediate
N/A
NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors 2.1 yrs
Meet IPC 2006 Maximum Flow Rates
N/A 1.3 yrs
7.1 yrs N/A
Immediate
M-09
N/A 3 yrs
2.6 yrs N/A
N/A
1.4 yrs
3.5 yrs N/A
M-11
Use of Building Appropriate Materials
100% of Guest Rooms have 4F Deadband Thermostats 3.7 yrs
N/A 1.3 yrs N/A
5.3 yrs
N/A
0.3 yrs
0.1 yrs
Immediate
Immediate
2.6 yrs
0.2 yrs
3.8 yrs N/A
5 yrs
Immediate
N/A
N/A 10 yrs
6 yrs 2.1 yrs
15 yrs
5 yrs
3.3 yrs
N/A
N/A 2.3 yrs N/A 2.2 yrs
7.1 yrs Never
7.6 yrs
Immediate
0.1 yrs
N/A
Immediate
0.3 yrs
1.3 yrs
N/A
0.3 yrs
Immediate Immediate Immediate
Immediate
16 yrs
5.2 yrs
N/A
Immediate
2.4 yrs
6.9 yrs
6.9 yrs
Immediate 20 yrs > 20 yrs
Immediate
10 yrs
Green Engage Level 2 Certification
E-08 Pipe Insulation 10 yrs N/A 10 yrs N/A 8.2 yrs
The table below summarises the financial performance, in terms of simple payback, for the modelled existing hotel in 4 climate zones against various baseline models. Energy savings for a specific building may vary based
on that building's parameters and financial results may also vary based on local costs and financing structures.
For details regarding each measure and for additional energy and financial performance metrics (CO2 reduction, IRR, first year yield on marginal cost and NPV) refer to the summary pages and individual calculation pages
immediately following this page. For detailed assumptions relating to the energy model, utilities, emission factors, financial inputs, cost of capital, etc refer to the assumptions section of this book.
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
Install New or
Replace
Hot/Humid
Immediate
Immediate
N/A
0.1 yrs
Arid Temperate Cold-Alpine
Install for First Time or
Replace Current Item
Now
Replace At End of
Current Item's
Lifetime
Now
Replace At End of
Current Item's
Lifetime
Now
Replace At End of
Current Item's
Lifetime
Now
Replace At End of
Current Item's
Lifetime
O-04 Towel/Sheet Program Immediate N/A Immediate N/A Immediate N/A Immediate N/A
E-07 Energy Efficient Appliances 7.3 yrs 1.1 yrs 7.4 yrs 1.2 yrs 7.7 yrs 1.2 yrs 7.6 yrs 1.2 yrs
N/A
E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Offices 19 yrs N/A 20 yrs N/A Never N/A Never N/A
Replace
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Legend (Criteria Based On Simple Payback Only):
Very Short or Immediate Payback (0 - 3 years)
Intermediate Payback (3 - 7 years)
Long or No Payback (>7 years)
N/A - Measure to be Installed for First Time N/A
M 11 6 yrs NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors 2.1 yrs 6 yrs 2.1 yrs 3.3 yrs 2.4 yrs 6.9 yrs 10 yrs
Install All New Measures Immediately &
Replace Existing Measures At End of Lifetime
Green Engage Level 1 Certification Cumulative Savings Scenarios
All Measures Installed or Replaced Immediately 2.7 yrs N/A 2.8 yrs N/A 3.3 yrs N/A 3.2 yrs N/A
1.3 yrs 1.3 yrs 1.5 yrs 1.5 yrs
Green Engage Level 2 Certification Cumulative Savings Scenarios (Includes Green Engage Level 1)
N/A 3.8 yrs N/A
1.6 yrs 1.6 yrs 2.2 yrs 2.2 yrs
All Measures Installed or Replaced Immediately 2.9 yrs N/A 3 yrs N/A 3.8 yrs
Hot-Humid: Install or Replace Immediately
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
E-07
E-10
M-09
W-03
E-09
E-09
E-09
B-04
Immediate
$36,032
0.9% 5.7%
2.6 yrs
9 yrs
3.5 yrs
1.4 yrs
29.4% 28.0% $63,575
$19,774 0.1%
519.3% $20,193
N/A N/A
74.6%
2.0%
$23,481
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back of House Spaces
$
2.4%
Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Fixtures 76.5%
100% of Guest Rooms have 4F Deadband Thermostats
1.2% 39.5% 37.4% $48,384
0.6% 2.8% 10.2% ($4,165)
4.6%
$12,838
($7,364)
19.5% 0.9%
0.2 yrs 0.8% 523.3%
21.5%
1.7%
Install New or
Replace
Hot-Humid Existing Hotels Install or Replace Immediately
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modelled existing hotel in the hot-humid climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may
vary based on that building's parameters and financial results may also vary based on local costs and financing structures.
For details regarding each measure refer to the individual calculation pages immediately following this page. For detailed assumptions relating to the energy model, utilities, emission factors, financial inputs,
cost of capital, etc refer to the assumptions section of this book.
Note: CO2 reduction percentages closely match both source energy reductions and annual energy saving cost reductions.
Due to different modelling methodologies existing hotel and new hotel CO2 reduction percentages cannot be compared against each other.
The stoplight colour legend contained below refers solely to simple payback periods.
Hot/Humid
West Palm Beach, FL
0.2 yrs 9.9% 705.2% 702.0% $243,369
0.1 yrs $51,069
NPV
(Over 20 years)
Simple Payback
12.5% Energy Efficient Appliances
Energy Modelling Results Summary
13.4% 7.3 yrs
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
5 yrs
IRR
15 yrs
%
3.9%
CO2 Reductions
O-04
E-07
E-07 Energy Efficient TVs
Towel/Sheet Program
% %
1372.9% 1279.0%
First Year Yield On Marginal
Cost
yrs
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
M-11 NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors
M-11
E-08
0.1%
$7,567
9.4% $4,037
19 yrs 0.0% E-10
Variable Frequency Drives 34.8%
1.9% 9.1% ($291)
Pipe Insulation
15.9% $728
34.6%
Occupancy Sensors in Offices
10 yrs 0.7% 10.2%
All Measures Installed or Replaced Immediately 2.7 yrs 24.7% 39.0% 35.6% $495,357
16.7% 6 yrs
0.5% 2.9 yrs
Base Case
3 commercial, non-Energy Star washing machines and
dryers, operating for 8 hours per day.
Proposed Modifications
The energy consumption of washing machines and
dryers is reduced by 17%, based on a study by the
American Hotel & Lodging Association.
Space Heating - Gas
374 6
94.2
1,835.9
HVAC Fans
Heat Rejection 0.0
2,380.3
93.7
1,835.9
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Lighting
Space Heating - Elec
0.0%
Environmental Impact Analysis
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,498,588 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,981
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed Base Case Emissions
0.1%
0.1%
NOX (lb/yr)
0.0
Energy End-Use Benchmark Comparison
Energy End-Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Operations
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,377.6 2.7 0.1%
0.0
Pumps
Space Cooling
374 3 0 3 0 1%
Individual Resource Calculations Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels Hot-Humid
-0.4 -0.5%
3,483
0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0
3,479 0.1%
%
0.0%
MBtu/yr
0.0%
2,501,896 2,498,588
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Annual CO2 Emissions
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 421.8
374.6 HVAC Fans
Financial Assumptions
- No additional costs
- Additional savings (apart from energy) from water and
laundry detergent
- Water savings of 34,606 gallons
- Detergent savings of 173 gallons @ $7 per gallon
(This is included under the Replacement Life and Cost
Summary as a Savings)
- Labour cost savings are not included
Base Utilities - Gas
Receptacles - Elec 1,149.8 1,145.0 4.7 0.4%
0.9%
0.1% 7,795.0 7,783.7
374.3 0.3 0.1%
0.0 0.0%
0.1%
11.3
1,534.9 1,534.9
4.0
Total
2,501,896 2,498,588
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,981
3,479
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
SO2 (lb/yr) NOX (lb/yr)
g
/
y
r
Annual SO2 and NOX Emissions
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,784
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Annual Total Energy Use
Additional Capital Cost
HVAC Plant First Cost Reductions
Cooling Plant Savings
Heating Plant Savings
Yr.
Financial Table
kWh
$1 879
Capital Costs Savings Summary
$393
$451
$36
$220
Annual Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Annual Resource Cost Summary
Gals
therms
$0.0037
Resource
Annual Resource Savings
(+) / Loss (-)
N/A
N/A
2
$0
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1
$1,389
$1,315
$1,279
$1,245
$1,729
$1,638
$1,683
$0.9000
$0.1028
Unit Cost
Operations
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
34,606
40
2,137
0 $0 $0
Cash Flow
$0
$393
6 $1 428
$0
First Year Yield On Marginal Cost
IRR
MBh
tons $0 $437
$424
5
4
3
$1,352
Immediate
N/A
N/A
$414
$403
$1,827
$1,776
$128
Simple Payback
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
$0
Initial Annual Savings
Initial Marginal Cost
Financial Results Summary
Airside Distribution Savings
Total Additional Capital Cost:
Estimated Useful Life (yrs)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost (In 2010 Dollars)
Base Year
Valuation Type
Project Analysis Period
Inflation Rate
Discount Rate for Defined Valuation
Energy Escalation Rate (Nominal)
N/A $0
$1,879 $451 N/A $0
$0
1
Replacement Life and Cost Summary
20
19
18
17 Defined
20
2010
100%
$1,211 $1,731
$1,638 $526
$2,425
$684
$661
$639
(See Table in Assumptions)
$1,986
11
$2,041 $2,725 2.79%
Financial Analysis
$1,684
$1,779
$597
$2,647
7.19%
$559
$2,571
$2,497
13
$2,098 $708 $2,806
$465 $1,933
$542
8
7
6
$479 $1,509
10
9
12
$1,551
$510
$494
$1,594
$1,468
$1,428
16
15
$617
14
$1,879
$577 $2,356
$1,932
$1,828
$2,164
$2,103
$2,045
$1,988
$2,226
$2,290
NPV
cfm
MBh
$19,774
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Simple Payback Graph
All appliances replaced with Energy Star rated
equivalents. Overall saving of 30% on electricity and
34% on natural gas.
Energy E-07 Energy Efficient Appliances
Energy End-Use Benchmark Comparison Environmental Impact Analysis
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
Emissions Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
The following commercial, non-Energy Star appliances
located in the food preparation and laundry areas: 3
washing machines, 2 dishwashers, 4 gas ovens, 2
fridges, 2 freezers, 2 icemakers and 5 vending
machines
Space Heating - Gas 0.0 0.0
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,442,457 2.4%
3,483 3,409 2.1%
Space Heating - Elec 93.7 95.4 -1.7 -1.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,825 1.9%
Lighting 1,835.9 1,835.9 0.0 0.0% NOX (lb/yr)
0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,370.6 9.7 0.4% Proposed Modifications
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 373 6 1 0 0 3%
2.4%
Heat Rejection 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
2,501,896
2,442,457
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
34% on natural gas.
255.1 3.3%
Base Utilities - Gas 1,534.9 1,534.9 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374.6 373.6 1.0 0.3%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
- Basket of commercial appliances that have an energy
star rating
- Total weighted basket cost of US$79,451 and a
weighted cost premium of US$5,864
- Average lifetime of 12 years
- Appliances include 3 washing machines, 2
dishwashers, 4 gas ovens, 2 fridges, 2 freezers, 2
icemakers and 5 vending machines
3.3%
Financial Assumptions Total 7,795.0 7,539.9
2,501,896
2,442,457
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,825
3,409
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,540
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
Initial Marginal Cost $42,658
$5,352
Annual Resource Cost Summary Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-) Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Natural gas 1,464 therms $0.9000 $1,318
Electricity 31,857 kWh $0.1028 $3,275
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($42,658) $0 ($42,658)
1 $0 $5,352 $5,352
Simple Payback 7.3 yrs
4 $0 $5,837 $5,837
First Year Yield On Marginal Cost 12.5%
13.4% IRR
3 $0 $5,669 $5,669
2 $0 $5,507
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6 220 $6 220
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $6,025 $6,025
($42,658)
Capital Costs Savings Summary $5,507
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost Premium (In 2010 Dollars)
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6,220 $6,220
NPV
9 $0 $6,844 $6,844
$6,422
8 $0 $6,630 $6,630
$23,481
7 $0 $6,422
12 11 $0 $7,303 $7,303
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 $0 $7,070 $7,070
14 $0 $8,050 $8,050
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,793 $7,793
2010 16 $0 $8,678 $8,678
Financial Analysis 15 $0 $8,358 $8,358
20 18 $0 $9,355 $9,355
Defined 17 $0 $9,010 $9,010
7.19% 20 $0 $10,079 $10,079
2.79% 19 $0 $9,714 $9,714
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,544 ($610)
($42,658)
N/A cfm $0
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Television is replaced with Energy Star rated
equivalent. Overall saving of 40% on electricity.
Energy E-07 Energy Efficient Televisions
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
One 32 inch non-Energy Star television per guest
room.
Space Heating - Gas 0.0 0.0
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,480,246 0.9%
3,483 3,452 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,906 1.0%
0.0 0.0%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 373 9 0 7 0 2%
0.9%
2,501,896 2,480,246
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
55.6 0.7%
HVAC Fans 374.6 373.9 0.7 0.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
- 150, 32 inch energy star televisions
- US$400 average outright cost per unit (including bulk
discount)
- US$0 cost premium over non-energy star TVs
- Average lifetime - 10 years
0.7%
2,501,896 2,480,246
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,906
3,452
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,739
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
$1,706
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Natural gas 0 therms $0.9000 $0
Electricity 16,286 kWh $0.1028 $1,674
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($30,000) $0 ($30,000)
1 $0 $1,706 $1,706
Simple Payback 15 yrs
4 $0 $1,805 $1,805
3.9% IRR
3 $0 $1,771 $1,771
2 $0 $1,738
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 922 $1 922
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,863 $1,863
($30,000)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,922 $1,922
NPV
9 $0 $2,113 $2,113
$1,984
8 $0 $2,047 $2,047
-$7,364
7 $0 $1,984
10 11 $0 $2,255 $2,255
14 $0 $2,485 $2,485
$0 13 $0 $2,406 $2,406
2010 16 $0 $2,668 $2,668
20 18 $0 $2,863 $2,863
Defined 17 $0 $2,764 $2,764
7.19% 20 $0 $3,079 $3,079
2.79% 19 $0 $2,966 $2,966
100% 12 $0 $2,329 $2,329
($30,000)
N/A cfm $0
($40,000)
($30,000)
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
One 3 cu. ft. non-Energy Star refrigerator per guest
room.
Refrigerator is replaced with Energy Star rated
Energy E-07 Energy Efficient Guest Room Refrigerators
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Space Heating - Gas 0.0
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,479,605 0.9%
3,483 3,451 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,904 1.0%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,365.2 15.1 0.6%
0.0%
374 6 373 9 0 7 0 2%
0.9%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,479,605
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
374.6 373.9 0.7 0.2%
- Medium sized bar fridge at 3 cu. ft.
- Average Energy Star cost per unit - US$120 (online
- Cost Premium - US$0
- Average Lifetime 12 years
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans
Financial Assumptions Total 7,795.0 7,737.8 57.2 0.7%
2,501,896 2,479,605
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,904
3,451
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,738
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 16,768 kWh $0.1028 $1,724
Cash Flow
$1,757 Initial Annual Savings
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($9,000) $0
1 $0 $1,757 $1,757
($9,000)
($9,000) 3 $0 $1,824 $1,824
Capital Costs Savings Summary 2 $0 $1,790 $1,790
4 $0 $1,859 $1,859
21.5% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,918 $1,918
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 979 $1 979
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
9 $0
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $2,043
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,979 $1,979
($9,000) 8 $0 $2,108 $2,108
$12,838 NPV
$2,043
$2,176 $2,176
14 $0 $2,559 $2,559
13 $0 $2,477 $2,477
$0 $2,247 $2,247
2010 16 $0 $2,747 $2,747
20 18 $0 $2,948 $2,948
Defined 17 $0 $2,845 $2,845
7.19% 20 $0 $3,170 $3,170
2.79% 19 $0 $3,054 $3,054
$0
100% 12 $0 $2,398 $2,398
12 11 $0 $2,322 $2,322
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
All 75W incandescent bulbs are replaced with 25W
CFLs (6 per room or 900 in total). The guest room
lighting density is reduced to 0.75 W/sf.
Each guest room contains a total of 12 light bulbs.
There is a 50/50 split of 75W incandescent bulbs and
25W CFLs, giving a lighting density of 1.5 W/sf. Bulbs
operate for 8 hours/day.
Energy E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Guest Rooms
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,253,343 9.9%
3,483 3,121 10.4%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,009 10.9%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,207.9 172.4 7.2%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 370 2 4 4 1 2%
9.9%
2,501,896
2,253,343
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
638.0 8.2%
HVAC Fans 374.6 370.2 4.4 1.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
- Total of 12 bulbs per room with 50% designated for
replacement
- Average Energy Star cost per unit of US$3.40 with
- Conventional cost per unit of US$0.60 with bulb life of
750 1,000 hours
- Common building laborer staff rate
- Replacement cost premium is a savings because
light bulbs will last longer for the price paid
8.2%
2,501,896
2,253,343
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,009
3,121
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,157
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
$19,586
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 186,973 kWh $0.1028 $19,221
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,790) $0 ($2,790)
1 $0 $19,586 $19,586
4 $0 $20,724 $20,724
705.2% IRR
3 $2,709 $20,337 $23,046
2 $0 $19,958
N/A MBh $0 6 $2 941 $22 071 $25 013
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $21,387 $21,387
($2,790)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $22,071 $25,013
NPV
9 $3,194 $24,259 $27,453
$22,778
8 $0 $23,506 $23,506
$243,369
7 $0 $22,778
3 11 $0 $25,886 $25,886
14 $0 $28,534 $28,534
$2,494 13 $0 $27,623 $27,623
2010 16 $0 $30,626 $30,626
Financial Analysis 15 $3,766 $29,562 $33,328
20 18 $4,090 $32,871 $36,960
Defined 17 $0 $31,728 $31,728
7.19% 20 $0 $35,348 $35,348
2.79% 19 $0 $34,054 $34,054
100% 12 $3,468 $26,740 $30,209
($2,790)
N/A cfm $0
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
CFLs (20 per floor or 100 in total). The guest room
Corridors contain 40 light bulbs per floor. There is a
50/50 split of 75W incandescent bulbs and 25W CFLs,
giving a lighting density of 0.7 W/sf. Bulbs operate for
24 hours/day.
Energy E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Circulation Spaces
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,451,580 2.0%
3,483 3,410 2.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,793 2.2%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,349.3 31.0 1.3%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 370 2 4 4 1 2%
2.0%
2,501,896
2,451,580
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
129.1 1.7%
HVAC Fans 374.6 370.2 4.4 1.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
- Total of 40 bulbs per corridor with 50% designated
for replacement
- This amounts to 100 bulbs to be replaced across the
entire building
750 1,000 hours
1.7%
2,501,896
2,451,580
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,793
3,410
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,666
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
Initial Marginal Cost $310
$3,965
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 37,850 kWh $0.1028 $3,891
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $285 $3,965 $4,250
4 $309 $4,195 $4,505
1372.9% IRR
3 $301 $4,117 $4,418
2 $293 $4,040
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4 468 $4 795
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,329 $4,647
($310)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4,468 $4,795
NPV
9 $355 $4,911 $5,266
$4,947
8 $345 $4,759 $5,104
$51,069
7 $336 $4,611
1 11 $375 $5,240 $5,615
14 $407 $5,776 $6,183
$277 13 $396 $5,592 $5,988
2010 16 $430 $6,200 $6,630
20 18 $454 $6,654 $7,109
Defined 17 $442 $6,423 $6,865
7.19% 20 $480 $7,156 $7,636
2.79% 19 $467 $6,894 $7,361
100% 12 $385 $5,413 $5,799
($310)
N/A cfm $0
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
CFLs (100 in total). The average lighting density is
reduced to 0.7 W/sf.
Offices, food preparation, lockers, laundry, mechanical and
electrical spaces contain a total of 200 light bulbs. There is a
50/50 split of 75W incandescent bulbs and 25W CFLs, giving
an average lighting density of 1.4 W/sf. Bulbs operate for 8
hours/day.
Energy E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back of House
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,481,468 0.8%
3,483 3,454 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,911 0.9%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,363.6 16.7 0.7%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 372 8 1 8 0 5%
0.8%
2,501,896 2,481,468
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
reduced to 0.7 W/sf.
52.4 0.7%
HVAC Fans 374.6 372.8 1.8 0.5%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
- Total of 200 bulbs in back of house with 50%
750 1,000 hours
0.7%
2,501,896 2,481,468
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,911
3,454
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,743
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
$1,610
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 15,367 kWh $0.1028 $1,580
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $0 $1,610 $1,610
4 $0 $1,703 $1,703
523.3% IRR
3 $301 $1,671 $1,972
2 $0 $1,640
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1 814 $2 141
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,758 $1,758
($310)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,814 $2,141
NPV
9 $355 $1,994 $2,349
$1,872
8 $0 $1,932 $1,932
$20,193
7 $0 $1,872
3 11 $0 $2,128 $2,128
14 $0 $2,345 $2,345
$277 13 $0 $2,270 $2,270
2010 16 $0 $2,517 $2,517
20 18 $454 $2,702 $3,156
Defined 17 $0 $2,608 $2,608
7.19% 20 $0 $2,905 $2,905
2.79% 19 $0 $2,799 $2,799
100% 12 $385 $2,198 $2,583
($310)
N/A cfm $0
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20 N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
Corridors have a lighting density of 0.7 W/sf. Lights
operate for 24 hours a day.
Corridor lighting load reduced by 40% to 0.42 W/sf. Operating
schedule remains unchanged. Reduction in load based on US
EPA predictions, assuming lighting levels turn down by 50%
h i d
Energy E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Features
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,459,771 1.7%
3,483 3,422 1.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,825 1.9%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,354.1 26.2 1.1%
-16.7%
374 6 370 8 3 8 1 0%
1.7%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
HVAC Fans
2,501,896
2,459,771
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
when unoccupied.
374.6 370.8 3.8 1.0%
- 5 sensors required per floor - therefore, 25 total per
building
- US$193 per sensor including electrician labour
- Sensor lifetime 10 years
- Increase bulb lifetime by 40% (Savings includes this
extended lifetime)
- All 200 corridor light bulbs are assumed to already be
CFLs
1.4%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans
2,501,896
2,459,771
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,825
3,422
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,687
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 31,688 kWh $0.1028 $3,258
Cash Flow
($4,825)
Simple Payback
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($4,825) $0
($4,825) 3 $0 $3,742 $3,742
1 $0 $3,599 $3,599
1.4 yrs
4 $0 $3,816 $3,816
76.5% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $3,937 $3,937
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $4 061 $4 061
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
9 $0
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $4,190
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $4,061 $4,061
($4,825) 8 $0 $4,323 $4,323
$36,032 NPV
$4,190
$4,460 $4,460
14 $0 $5,236 $5,236
13 $0 $5,070 $5,070
($6,350) $4,605 ($1,745)
2010 16 $0 $5,613 $5,613
20 18 $0 $6,017 $6,017
Defined 17 $0 $5,811 $5,811
7.19% 20 $0 $6,462 $6,462
2.79% 19 $0 $6,230 $6,230
($4,825)
100% 12 $0 $4,910 $4,910
10 11 $0 $4,755 $4,755
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
0 5 10 15 20 N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Infiltration is reduced by a third, to 0.2 air changes per
hour, in all perimeter spaces.
Infiltration of 0.3 air changes per hour in all perimeter
spaces.
Building Materials B-04 Weather Stripping
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,487,023 0.6%
3,483 3,462 0.6%
Space Heating - Elec 93.7 86.9 6.8 7.3%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,933 0.7%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,350.9 29.4 1.2%
0.0%
374 6 372 7 1 9 0 5%
0.6%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,487,023
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
374.6 372.7 1.9 0.5%
- Material cost of weather stripping US$0.88/ft
- 5ft x 5ft window on 130 rooms requiring 1 hour of
carpenter labor rate per window
- 5ft x 10ft window on 20 corner rooms requiring 1.5
hour of carpenter labor per window
- Average weatherstripping lifetime 10 years
0.5%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,487,023
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,933
3,462
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,757
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,172
Electricity 11,179 kWh $0.1028 $1,149
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($11,540) $0 ($11,540)
1 $0 $1,172 $1,172
($11,540) 3 $0 $1,217 $1,217
4 $0 $1,240 $1,240
2.8% IRR
MBh $0 6 $0 $1 321
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,280 $1,280
N/A $1 321 Heating Plant Savings
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
cfm $0 7 $0 $1,363
MBh $0 6 $0 $1,321
NPV
($11,540) 8 $0 $1,407 $1,407
-$4,165
$1,363
10 11 $0 $1,549 $1,549
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 ($15,188) $1,500 ($13,688)
14 $0 $1,708 $1,708
($11,540) 13 $0 $1,653 $1,653
2010 16 $0 $1,833 $1,833
20 18 $0 $1,967 $1,967
Defined 17 $0 $1,899 $1,899
7.19% 20 $0 $2,115 $2,115
2.79% 19 $0 $2,038 $2,038
100% 12 $0 $1,600 $1,600
9 $0 $1,452 $1,452
N/A
N/A $1,321
($16,000)
($14,000)
($12,000)
($10,000)
($8,000)
($6,000)
($4,000)
($2,000)
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical M-09 100% of Guest Rooms have 4F Deadband Thermostats
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Guest room thermostat setpoints of 74F (cooling) and
74F (heating).
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,386,302 4.6%
3,483 3,315 4.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,535 5.1%
Space Heating - Gas 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 384 1 9 5 2 5%
72F (heating).
4.6%
2,501,896
2,386,302
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
297.0 3.8%
HVAC Fans 374.6 384.1 -9.5 -2.5%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
3.8%
2,501,896
2,386,302
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,535
3,315
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,498
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
$9,109
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 86,920 kWh $0.1028 $8,935
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($32,550) $0 ($32,550)
1 $0 $9,109 $9,109
4 $0 $9,639 $9,639
29.4% IRR
3 $0 $9,459 $9,459
2 $0 $9,282
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $10 265 $10 265
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $9,947 $9,947
($32,550)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $10,265 $10,265
NPV
9 $0 $11,283 $11,283
$10,594
8 $0 $10,933 $10,933
$63,575
7 $0 $10,594
15 11 $0 $12,040 $12,040
14 $0 $13,271 $13,271
($32,550) 13 $0 $12,847 $12,847
2010 16 $0 $14,244 $14,244
Financial Analysis 15 ($49,147) $13,749 ($35,398)
20 18 $0 $15,288 $15,288
Defined 17 $0 $14,757 $14,757
7.19% 20 $0 $16,441 $16,441
2.79% 19 $0 $15,839 $15,839
100% 12 $0 $12,437 $12,437
($32,550)
N/A cfm $0
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
Domestic hot water load of 7.40 gallons/person/day.
Load calculated by assuming water fixtures exceeding
IPC rates by 20%, and default usage by hotel guests.
Water W-03 Meet IPC 2006 Maximum Flow Rates
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,471,872 1.2%
3,483 3,461 0.6%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,992 0.0%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 374 6 0 0 0 0%
Water fixtures meet IPC rates, reducing the domestic
hot water load reduced to 6.16 gallons/person/day.
1.2%
2,501,896 2,471,872
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
257.2 3.3%
HVAC Fans 374.6 374.6 0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
- Install aerator on all bathroom faucets and low-flow
shower heads
- Cost of each aerator is US$22.85 including common
- Aerator lifetime 15 years
- Cost of each low-flow shower head is US$77.50
- Shower head lifetime 10 years
3.3%
2,501,896 2,471,872
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,992
3,461
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,538
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
$5,631
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 0 kWh $0.1028 $0
Water & sewer 838,836 Gals $0.0037 $3,104 0 ($15,053) $0 ($15,053)
1 $0 $5,631 $5,631
4 $0 $6,322 $6,322
39.5% IRR
3 $0 $6,081 $6,081
2 $0 $5,851
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6 721 $6 721
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $6,518 $6,518
($15,053)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
100%
15
($11,625)
100%
10
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6,721 $6,721
NPV
9 $0 $7,368 $7,368
$6,930
8 $0 $7,146 $7,146
$48,384
7 $0 $6,930
11 $0 $7,834 $7,834
14 $0 $8,590 $8,590
13 $0 $8,330 $8,330
2010 16 $0 $9,235 $9,235
Financial Analysis 15 ($5,175) $8,907 $3,731
20 18 $0 $9,933 $9,933
Defined 17 $0 $9,577 $9,577
7.19% 20 $0 $10,651 $10,651
2.79% 19 $0 $10,302 $10,302
12 $0 $8,078 $8,078
($3,428)
($15,053)
N/A cfm $0
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy E-08 Pipe Insulation
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Insulation on domestic hot water piping is assumed to
be of mixed thickness and condition, equivalent to 0.5
inch thick fibreglass piping.
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,484,001 0.7%
3,483 3,463 0.6%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,956 0.4%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 374 6 0 0 0 0%
1 inch thick fibreglass insulation on all domestic hot
water piping.
0.7%
2,501,896 2,484,001
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
98.3 1.3%
HVAC Fans 374.6 374.6 0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
- All pipe insulation is fiberglass with an all service
jacket
- Cost of insulation depends on width of pipe and
thickness of insulation suggested as per Green
Engage Energy Charts. Prices range from $4.71 to
$12.85 including material, labour, overheard and profit.
- Warm climates insulation on hot water pipes only
- Insulation Lifetime 30 years
NB: Assumes easy access to all piping within hotel - It
does not include any demolition costs.
1.3%
2,501,896 2,484,001
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,956
3,463
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,697
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
$1,432
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 6,902 kWh $0.1028 $710
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($15,279) $0 ($15,279)
1 $0 $1,432 $1,432
4 $0 $1,595 $1,595
10.2% IRR
3 $0 $1,538 $1,538
2 $0 $1,484
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 704 $1 704
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,648 $1,648
($15,279)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,704 $1,704
NPV
9 $0 $1,881 $1,881
$1,761
8 $0 $1,820 $1,820
$4,037
7 $0 $1,761
30 11 $0 $2,011 $2,011
14 $0 $2,224 $2,224
($15,279) 13 $0 $2,151 $2,151
2010 16 $0 $2,414 $2,414
20 18 $0 $2,620 $2,620
Defined 17 $0 $2,515 $2,515
7.19% 20 $0 $2,837 $2,837
2.79% 19 $0 $2,730 $2,730
100% 12 $0 $2,080 $2,080
($15,279)
N/A cfm $0
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Corridor lighting load is reduced by 25% to 1.35 W/sf. The
operating schedule remains unchanged. The reduction in load
is based on US EPA predictions, assuming the lighting turns
ff h i d
Base Case
Energy E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Offices
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Offices have a lighting density of 1.8 W/sf. Lights
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,501,001 0.0%
3,483 3,482 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,989 0.0%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,379.6 0.7 0.0%
0.0%
374 6 374 5 0 1 0 0%
0.0%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,501,001
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
off when unoccupied.
374.6 374.5 0.1 0.0%
- Four offices per hotel building
- Increase office bulb lifetime by 25%
- Increase office light bulb lifetime by 25%
- All 16 office light bulbs are assumed to already be
CFLs
0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,501,001
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,989
3,482
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,793
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$70
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($772) $0 ($772)
1 $0 $70 $70
4 $0 $75 $75
1.9% IRR
3 $0 $88 $88
2 $0 $72
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $95 $95
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $77 $77
($772)
Capital Costs Savings Summary $72
Resource
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $95 $95
NPV
9 $0 $105 $105
$82
8 $0 $85 $85
-$291
7 $0 $82
10 11 $0 $93 $93
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 ($1,016) $90 ($926)
14 $0 $103 $103
($772) 13 $0 $99 $99
2010 16 $0 $110 $110
Financial Analysis 15 $0 $127 $127
20 18 $0 $141 $141
Defined 17 $0 $114 $114
7.19% 20 $0 $127 $127
2.79% 19 $0 $123 $123
100% 12 $0 $115 $115
($772)
N/A cfm $0
($1,200)
($1,000)
($800)
($600)
($400)
($200)
$0
$200
$400
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
One VFD (15 HP capacity) installed on VAV supply fan
motor.
Constant speed, standard efficiency motor on supply
fan for VAV system serving the first floor and corridor
spaces (15 HP capacity).
Base Case
Mechanical M-11 Variable Frequency Drives
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,489,298 0.5%
3,483 3,465 0.5%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,942 0.6%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,369.7 10.6 0.4%
0.0%
374 6 351 6 23 0 6 1%
0.5%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,489,298
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
374.6 351.6 23.0 6.1%
VFDs only recommended on motors greater than 5HP.
- All four climate zones can install one 15 HP capable
- Cost of VFD is $3,275 including electrician installation
rate
- VFD lifetime 10 years
0.4%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,489,298
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,942
3,465
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,763
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$993 Initial Annual Savings
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,868) $0
1 $0 $993 $993
($2,868)
($2,868) 3 $0 $1,031 $1,031
4 $0 $1,050 $1,050
34.8% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,084 $1,084
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 119 $1 119
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
9 $0
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,155
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,119 $1,119
($2,868) 8 $0 $1,191 $1,191
$7,567 NPV
$1,155
$1,230 $1,230
14 $0 $1,446 $1,446
13 $0 $1,400 $1,400
($3,775) $1,270 ($2,504)
2010 16 $0 $1,552 $1,552
20 18 $0 $1,666 $1,666
Defined 17 $0 $1,608 $1,608
7.19% 20 $0 $1,792 $1,792
2.79% 19 $0 $1,726 $1,726
($2,868)
100% 12 $0 $1,355 $1,355
10 11 $0 $1,312 $1,312
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
VAV supply fan motor replaced with NEMA premium
efficiency motor (15 HP capacity).
Base Case
Mechanical M-11 NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,500,116 0.1%
3,483 3,481 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,985 0.1%
0.0 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,378.7 1.6 0.1%
0.0%
374 6 371 5 3 1 0 8%
0.1%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,500,116
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
374.6 371.5 3.1 0.8%
NB: demolition costs are not included
All four climates can install a 15 HP NEMA efficiency
- 15 HP NEMA efficiency motor is $1,482
- 15 HP normal motor is $1,195
- Cost Premium of $287
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans
2,501,896 2,500,116
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,985
3,481
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,790
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($885) $0
1 $0 $140 $140
($885)
($885) 3 $0 $146 $146
Capital Costs Savings Summary 2 $0 $143 $143
4 $0 $148 $148
16.7% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $153 $153
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $158 $158
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
9 $0
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $163
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $158 $158
($885) 8 $0 $168 $168
$728 NPV
$163
$174 $174
14 $0 $204 $204
13 $0 $198 $198
$0 $179 $179
2010 16 $0 $219 $219
Financial Analysis 15 ($433) $212 ($222)
20 18 $0 $235 $235
Defined 17 $0 $227 $227
7.19% 20 $0 $253 $253
2.79% 19 $0 $244 $244
($287)
100% 12 $0 $192 $192
15 11 $0 $185 $185
($1,500)
($1,000)
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Cumulative Scenario Green Engage Lvl 1: All Measures Installed or Replaced Now
Base Case Energy End-Use Benchmark Comparison Environmental Impact Analysis
As detailed in individual measures
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 1,884,383 24.7%
3,483 2,617 24.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 6,737 25.1%
Proposed Modifications Space Cooling 2,380.3 1,809.6 570.7 24.0%
As detailed in individual measures Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 373 8 0 8 0 2%
24.7%
2,501,896
1,884,383
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 374.6 373.8 0.8 0.2%
Receptacles - Elec 1,149.8 962.3 187.5 16.3%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
All financial assumptions remain the same as in each
individual measure.
24.0%
Financial Assumptions Total 7,795.0 5,925.6 1,869.4 24.0%
2,501,896
1,884,383
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
6,737
2,617
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
5,926
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 428,862 kWh $0.1028 $44,087
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
Initial Annual Savings $53,005
($149,066) $0 ($149,066)
Capital Costs Savings Summary 2 $1,572 $54,184 $55,756
IRR 39.0%
($149,066) 3 $4,325 $55,409 $59,733
1 $1,245 $53,005 $54,249
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $58,443 $59,832
4 $1,661 $56,636 $58,297
N/A MBh $0 6 $5 023 $60 323 $65 346 Heating Plant Savings
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $60,323 $65,346
$62,232 $63,699
($149,066) 8 $1,854 $64,217 $66,071
NPV $495,357
9 $5,099 $66,284 $71,383
N/A 11 $1,638 $70,679 $72,317
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 ($34,880) $68,437 $33,557
N/A 13 $1,731 $75,385 $77,116
N/A 12 ($2,231) $73,013 $70,782
14 $2,186 $77,855 $80,041
2010 16 $2,310 $83,606 $85,915
20 18 $6,984 $89,808 $96,792
Defined 17 $1,932 $86,640 $88,572
7.19% 20 $2,578 $96,529 $99,107
2.79% 19 $2,041 $93,047 $95,088
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 1,856,030 25.8%
3,483 2,581 25.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 6,652 26.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 348 7 25 9 6 9%
25.8%
Hot-Humid Individual Resource Calculations Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels
2,501,896
1,856,030
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 374.6 348.7 25.9 6.9%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
individual measure.
25.5%
2,501,896
1,856,030
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
6,652
2,581
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
5,811
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 444,913 kWh $0.1028 $45,737
Cash Flow
($168,869)
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0 ($168,869) $0
($168,869) 3 $4,325 $57,788 $62,113
1 $1,245 $55,256 $56,501
4 $1,661 $59,083 $60,744
36.0% IRR
MBh $0 6 $5 023 $62 934
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $60,970 $62,359
N/A $67 956 Heating Plant Savings
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
cfm $0 7 $1,468 $64,927
MBh $0 6 $5,023 $62,934
($168,869) 8 $1,854 $67,002 $68,855
$502,518 NPV
$66,395
N/A 11 $1,638 $73,750 $75,389
14 $2,186 $81,246 $83,432
N/A 13 $1,731 $78,667 $80,397
2010 16 $2,310 $87,267 $89,577
20 18 $6,984 $93,762 $100,746
Defined 17 $1,932 $90,445 $92,377
7.19% 20 $2,578 $100,796 $103,374
2.79% 19 $2,041 $97,156 $99,197
N/A 12 ($2,231) $76,188 $73,957
9 $5,099 $69,160 $74,259
N/A
N/A $67,956
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Hot-Humid: Replace at End of Lifetime
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
Energy Modelling Results Summary Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels Hot-Humid
0.9% Immediate
O-04
$20,624
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modelled existing hotel in the hot-humid climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
Simple Payback IRR
% $
Energy Efficient TVs
Towel/Sheet Program
Energy Efficient Appliances
Install New or
Replace
N/A
2.4% 1.1 yrs
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
E-07
E-07
N/A
Hot/Humid
West Palm Beach, FL
%
CO2 Reductions
Cost
% yrs
Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Fixtures E-10
E-09
N/A
94.2%
E-07
E-09
9.9% N/A
E-09
B-04
M-09
W-03
N/A N/A
N/A
N/A
$21,234
0.9%
Immediate
N/A
2.0%
0.8%
$57,807
N/A
Immediate $51,617
N/A
$248,298
$20,740
Immediate
Immediate N/A
91.3%
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
Variable Frequency Drives M-11
$572,120
1.3 yrs 24.7% 84.4% 79.4%
$1,285 51.0% 2.1 yrs 0.1% 48.9%
E-08 Pipe Insulation
N/A E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Offices
1.6 yrs 25.8% 68.7% 64.3% $579,838
2.4%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
-16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 373 6 1 0 0 3%
34% on natural gas.
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,370.6 9.7 0.4%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,442,457 2.4%
3,483 3,409 2.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,825 1.9%
Energy End-Use
machines
Individual Resource Calculations Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels
Hot-Humid
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,501,896
2,442,457
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
star rating
3.3%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
HVAC Fans 374.6 373.6 1.0 0.3%
34% on natural gas.
2,501,896
2,442,457
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,825
3,409
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,540
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Heating Plant Savings N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6 220 $6 220
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $6,025 $6,025
4 $0 $5,837 $5,837
94.2% IRR
($5,864) 3 $0 $5,669 $5,669
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($5,864) $0 ($5,864)
1 $0 $5,352 $5,352
Electricity 31,857 kWh $0.1028 $3,275
Cash Flow
$5,352
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Individual Resource Calculations Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels Hot-Humid
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
Energy Escalation Rate (Nominal) (See Table in Assumptions)
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,544 ($610)
7.19% 20 $0 $10,079 $10,079
2.79% 19 $0 $9,714 $9,714
20 18 $0 $9,355 $9,355
Defined 17 $0 $9,010 $9,010
2010 16 $0 $8,678 $8,678
14 $0 $8,050 $8,050
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,793 $7,793
12 11 $0 $7,303 $7,303
9 $0 $6,844 $6,844
$6,422
($5,864) 8 $0 $6,630 $6,630
$57,807
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $6,422
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6,220 $6,220
NPV
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.9%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 373 9 0 7 0 2%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,365.6 14.7 0.6%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,480,246 0.9%
3,483 3,452 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,906 1.0%
Energy End-Use
room.
Hot-Humid
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,501,896 2,480,246
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
discount)
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374.6 373.9 0.7 0.2%
2,501,896 2,480,246
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,906
3,452
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,739
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,863 $1,863
4 $0 $1,805 $1,805
First Year Yield On Marginal Cost N/A
N/A IRR
$0 3 $0 $1,771 $1,771
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0 $0
1 $0 $1,706 $1,706
Simple Payback Immediate
Electricity 16,286 kWh $0.1028 $1,674
Cash Flow
$1,706
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
100% 12 $0 $2,329 $2,329
7.19% 20 $0 $3,079 $3,079
2.79% 19 $0 $2,966 $2,966
20 18 $0 $2,863 $2,863
Defined 17 $0 $2,764 $2,764
2010 16 $0 $2,668 $2,668
14 $0 $2,485 $2,485
$0 13 $0 $2,406 $2,406
10 11 $0 $2,255 $2,255
9 $0 $2,113 $2,113
$1,984
$0 8 $0 $2,047 $2,047
$20,624
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,984
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,922 $1,922
NPV
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.9%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 373 9 0 7 0 2%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,365.2 15.1 0.6%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,479,605 0.9%
3,483 3,451 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,904 1.0%
Energy End-Use
room.
Hot-Humid
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,501,896 2,479,605
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374.6 373.9 0.7 0.2%
2,501,896 2,479,605
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,904
3,451
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,738
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,918 $1,918
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 979 $1 979
4 $0 $1,859 $1,859
N/A IRR
$0 3 $0 $1,824 $1,824
1 $0 $1,757 $1,757
$0
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 16,768 kWh $0.1028 $1,724
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
7.19% 20 $0 $3,170 $3,170
2.79% 19 $0 $3,054 $3,054
20 18 $0 $2,948 $2,948
Defined 17 $0 $2,845 $2,845
2010 16 $0 $2,747 $2,747
14 $0 $2,559 $2,559
$0 13 $0 $2,477 $2,477
$2,398
12 11 $0 $2,322 $2,322
100% 12 $0 $2,398
9 $0 $2,176 $2,176
$0 8 $0 $2,108 $2,108
$21,234
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $2,043
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,979 $1,979
NPV
$2,043
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
9.9%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 370 2 4 4 1 2%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,207.9 172.4 7.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,009 10.9%
Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,253,343 9.9%
3,483 3,121 10.4%
Base Case
Hot-Humid
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Emissions Base Case
2,501,896
2,253,343
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
replacement
750 1,000 hours
8.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374.6 370.2 4.4 1.2%
2,501,896
2,253,343
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,009
3,121
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,157
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Heating Plant Savings N/A MBh $0 6 $2 941 $22 071 $25 013
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $21,387 $21,387
4 $0 $20,724 $20,724
N/A IRR
$2,494 3 $2,709 $20,337 $23,046
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $2,494 $0 $2,494
1 $0 $19,586 $19,586
Electricity 186,973 kWh $0.1028 $19,221
Cash Flow
Initial Marginal Cost ($2,494)
$19,586
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
100% 12 $3,468 $26,740 $30,209
7.19% 20 $0 $35,348 $35,348
2.79% 19 $0 $34,054 $34,054
20 18 $4,090 $32,871 $36,960
Defined 17 $0 $31,728 $31,728
2010 16 $0 $30,626 $30,626
14 $0 $28,534 $28,534
$2,494 13 $0 $27,623 $27,623
3 11 $0 $25,886 $25,886
9 $3,194 $24,259 $27,453
$22,778
$2,494 8 $0 $23,506 $23,506
$248,298
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $22,778
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $22,071 $25,013
NPV
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
2.0%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 370 2 4 4 1 2%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,349.3 31.0 1.3%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,793 2.2%
Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,451,580 2.0%
3,483 3,410 2.1%
Base Case
24 hours/day.
Hot-Humid
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Emissions Base Case
2,501,896
2,451,580
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
for replacement
entire building
750 1,000 hours
1.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374.6 370.2 4.4 1.2%
2,501,896
2,451,580
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,793
3,410
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
7,666
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,329 $4,647
4 $309 $4,195 $4,505
N/A IRR
$277 3 $301 $4,117 $4,418
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $285 $3,965 $4,250
Electricity 37,850 kWh $0.1028 $3,891
Cash Flow
Initial Marginal Cost ($277)
$3,965
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
100% 12 $385 $5,413 $5,799
7.19% 20 $480 $7,156 $7,636
2.79% 19 $467 $6,894 $7,361
20 18 $454 $6,654 $7,109
Defined 17 $442 $6,423 $6,865
2010 16 $430 $6,200 $6,630
14 $407 $5,776 $6,183
$277 13 $396 $5,592 $5,988
1 11 $375 $5,240 $5,615
9 $355 $4,911 $5,266
$4,947
$277 8 $345 $4,759 $5,104
$51,617
N/A cfm $0 7 $336 $4,611
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4,468 $4,795
NPV
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.8%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 372 8 1 8 0 5%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,363.6 16.7 0.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,911 0.9%
Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,481,468 0.8%
3,483 3,454 0.9%
All 75W incandescent bulbs are replaced with 25W CFLs
(100 in total). The average lighting density is reduced to
0.7 W/sf.
hours/day.
Hot-Humid
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Emissions Base Case
2,501,896 2,481,468
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
750 1,000 hours
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374.6 372.8 1.8 0.5%
2,501,896 2,481,468
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,911
3,454
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,743
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,758 $1,758
4 $0 $1,703 $1,703
N/A IRR
$277 3 $301 $1,671 $1,972
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $0 $1,610 $1,610
Electricity 15,367 kWh $0.1028 $1,580
Cash Flow
$1,610
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
100% 12 $385 $2,198 $2,583
7.19% 20 $0 $2,905 $2,905
2.79% 19 $0 $2,799 $2,799
20 18 $454 $2,702 $3,156
Defined 17 $0 $2,608 $2,608
2010 16 $0 $2,517 $2,517
14 $0 $2,345 $2,345
$277 13 $0 $2,270 $2,270
3 11 $0 $2,128 $2,128
9 $355 $1,994 $2,349
$1,872
$277 8 $0 $1,932 $1,932
$20,740
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,872
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,814 $2,141
NPV
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.1%
Pumps 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374 6 371 5 3 1 0 8%
Space Cooling 2,380.3 2,378.7 1.6 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 8,985 0.1%
Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 2,500,116 0.1%
3,483 3,481 0.1%
Base Case
Hot-Humid
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Emissions Base Case
2,501,896 2,500,116
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 374.6 371.5 3.1 0.8%
2,501,896 2,500,116
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
8,985
3,481
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795 7,790
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $153 $153
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $158 $158
4 $0 $148 $148
51.0% IRR
($287) 3 $0 $146 $146
1 $0 $140 $140
($287)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($287) $0
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
7.19% 20 $0 $253 $253
2.79% 19 $0 $244 $244
20 18 $0 $235 $235
Defined 17 $0 $227 $227
2010 16 $0 $219 $219
14 $0 $204 $204
($287) 13 $0 $198 $198
$192
15 11 $0 $185 $185
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 $0 $179 $179
100% 12 $0 $192
9 $0 $174 $174
($287) 8 $0 $168 $168
$1,285
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $163
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $158 $158
NPV
$163
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
$3,500
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Cumulative Scenario Green Engage Lvl 1: Install All New Measures Immediately & Replace Existing Measures when Lifetime is Finished
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 1,884,383 24.7%
3,483 2,617 24.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 8,992 6,737 25.1%
HVAC Fans 374 6 373 8 0 8 0 2%
24.7%
2,501,896
1,884,383
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 374.6 373.8 0.8 0.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
individual measure.
24.0%
2,501,896
1,884,383
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
6,737
2,617
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
5,926
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 428,862 kWh $0.1028 $44,087
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
($66,784) $0 ($66,784)
IRR 84.4%
($66,784) 3 $4,325 $55,409 $59,733
1 $1,245 $53,005 $54,249
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $58,443 $59,832
4 $1,661 $56,636 $58,297
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $60,323 $65,346
$62,232 $63,699
($66,784) 8 $1,854 $64,217 $66,071
NPV $572,120
9 $5,099 $66,284 $71,383
N/A 11 $1,638 $70,679 $72,317
N/A 13 $1,731 $75,385 $77,116
N/A 12 ($2,231) $73,013 $70,782
14 $2,186 $77,855 $80,041
2010 16 $2,310 $83,606 $85,915
20 18 $6,984 $89,808 $96,792
Defined 17 $1,932 $86,640 $88,572
7.19% 20 $2,578 $96,529 $99,107
2.79% 19 $2,041 $93,047 $95,088
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
NOX (lb/yr) 3,483 2,581
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
8,992
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,501,896 1,856,030 25.8%
25.9%
6,652 26.0%
Lighting 1,835.9 1,097.3 738.7 40.2%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% SO2 (lb/yr)
0.0 0.0 0.0 -16.7%
HVAC Fans 374 6 348 7 25 9 6 9%
25.8%
As detailed in individual measures Pumps
2,501,896
1,856,030
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 374.6 348.7 25.9 6.9%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
individual measure.
25.5%
2,501,896
1,856,030
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
8,992
3,483
6,652
2,581
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
7,795
5,811
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$85,990
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 444,913 kWh $0.1028 $45,737
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
1 $1,245 $55,256 $56,501
($85,990) $0 ($85,990)
($85,990) 3 $4,325 $57,788 $62,113
IRR 68.7%
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $60,970 $62,359
4 $1,661 $59,083 $60,744
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $62,934 $67,956
$64,927 $66,395
($85,990) 8 $1,854 $67,002 $68,855
NPV $579,838
9 $5,099 $69,160 $74,259
N/A 11 $1,638 $73,750 $75,389
N/A 13 $1,731 $78,667 $80,397
N/A 12 ($2,231) $76,188 $73,957
14 $2,186 $81,246 $83,432
2010 16 $2,310 $87,267 $89,577
20 18 $6,984 $93,762 $100,746
Defined 17 $1,932 $90,445 $92,377
7.19% 20 $2,578 $100,796 $103,374
2.79% 19 $2,041 $97,156 $99,197
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
$1,600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Arid: Install or Replace Immediately
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
E-09
E-09
E-09
Simple Payback IRR
1.8%
3.5%
6.2 yrs 0.9% 11.1%
3.7 yrs 4.2% 27.7%
0.1%
2.2%
16 yrs
20.7% 0.8% E-07
E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Fixtures
5.2 yrs
1.3 yrs
CO2 Reductions
Immediate
1.2%
0.3 yrs
7.4 yrs
2.6 yrs
B-04 Use of Building Appropriate Materials
O-04
E-07
Towel/Sheet Program
Cost
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modelled existing hotel in the arid climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may vary
based on that building's parameters and financial results may also vary based on local costs and financing structures.
Arid
West Palm Beach, FL
0.2 yrs 8.6% 635.8% 632.4% $219,883
0.1 yrs $56,748
N/A
12.3%
N/A
13.0%
$
($8,154)
yrs
2.2%
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
Install New or
Replace %
18.7%
1524.4% 1430.5%
83.8%
M-09
W-03
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Back of House Spaces $17,409
37.9% $49,432
15.4% $3,615
26.4% $57,438
445.0%
81.9%
0.7% 449.5%
40.1%
Energy Modelling Results Summary Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels Arid
$11,990
$40,275
0.8% 5.5%
% %
$22,069
$19,444
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
E-10
Pipe Insulation 10 yrs
$733
33.7%
16.7% 6 yrs
M-11
M-11 NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors 0.1%
Variable Frequency Drives 3 yrs
0.7% E-08
0.5% 33.8%
Occupancy Sensors in Offices 20 yrs 0.0% 0.0% 8.2% ($382)
All Measures Installed or Replaced Immediately 3 yrs 23.8% 34.7% 31.5% $477,648
15.9%
9.0%
$7,264
9.7% $3,360
Individual Resource Calculations Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels Arid
Operations
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,251.2 2.5 0.1%
0.0
0.0
2,253.7
0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr)
0.0 0.0
3,618 0.1%
%
0.0%
MBtu/yr
0.0%
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.0 0.0 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.1%
3,622
0.1%
NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,596,627
494 6 0 3 0 1%
-1.1 -0.3%
0.2 0.0 0.2
HVAC Fans
336.0
-2.3%
9,346
Base Case
Heat Rejection
1,835.9
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Lighting
9,356
Pumps
Space Cooling
495 0
Energy End-Use
0.0 Space Heating - Gas
337.1
1,835.9
2,599,589 2,596,627
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
494.6 0.3 0.1%
0.0 0.0%
8,080.0 8,069.6 Total
0.1%
1,583.7 1,583.7
HVAC Fans
laundry detergent
Receptacles - Elec
0.1%
10.4
4.7 0.4%
4.0 0.9%
Financial Assumptions
1,149.8 1,145.0
495.0
2,599,589 2,596,627
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,346
3,618
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,070
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Towel/Sheet Program
0 $0 $0
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
O-04
$0
$366
$0 $408
$395
5
4
3
$1,352
Immediate
N/A
N/A
$385
$376
$1,797
$1,747
$128
Simple Payback
$0
IRR
MBh
tons
$1,700
$1,611
$1,655
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1
$1 428
therms
$0.0037
$0.9000
$0.1028
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
$0
Operations
6
1,877
$1 848
$366
$420
$36
N/A
2
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Financial Table
kWh $193
N/A
$0
$1,389
$1,315
$1,279
$1,245
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
34,606
40
Gals
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
NPV
cfm
MBh
$19,444
$2,128
$2,069
$2,011
$1,955
$2,189
$2,252
$537 $2,316
$2,756
$2,677
10
9
12
$1,551
$475
$460
$1,594
16
15
$575
14
$1,879
$1,932
$1,828
$2,098 $659
2.79%
Financial Analysis
$1,684
$1,779
$556
$2,601
7.19%
$521
$2,526
$2,454
13
$505
1
20
19
18
17 Defined
20
2010
100%
$1,211 $1,731
$1,638 $490
$2,384
$637
$615
$595
$1,986
11
$2,041
$446 $1,509
$1,468
$1,428
$0
$0
8
7
6 $1,848 $420 N/A
N/A $0 $433 $1,901
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
34% on natural gas.
2.2%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -2.3%
HVAC Fans 495 0 494 0 1 0 0 2%
3,622 3,549 2.0%
machines
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,245.3 8.4 0.4%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,194 1.7%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,541,632 2.2%
Individual Resource Calculations Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589
2,541,632
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
34% on natural gas.
star rating
3.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
HVAC Fans 495.0 494.0 1.0 0.2%
2,599,589
2,541,632
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,194
3,549
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,829
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $5,898 $5,898
4 $0 $5,713 $5,713
13.0% IRR
($42,658) 3 $0 $5,548 $5,548
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($42,658) $0 ($42,658)
1 $0 $5,235 $5,235
Electricity 30,742 kWh $0.1028 $3,160
Cash Flow
$5,235
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$9,159
17
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,384 ($769)
18 $0 $9,159
7.19% 20 $0 $9,868 $9,868
2.79% 19 $0 $9,511 $9,511
Defined
$8,495
20
14 $0 $7,880 $7,880
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,628 $7,628
$0 $8,821 $8,821
2010 16 $0 $8,495
12 11 $0 $7,149 $7,149
9 $0 $6,700 $6,700
$6,286
($42,658) 8 $0 $6,489 $6,489
$22,069
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $6,286
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6,089 $6,089
NPV
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.8%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 492 5 2 4 0 5%
3,622 3,591 0.8%
room.
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,237.5 16.2 0.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,274 0.9%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,578,769 0.8%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,578,769
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
discount)
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 492.5 2.4 0.5%
2,599,589 2,578,769
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,274
3,591
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,027
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,791 $1,791
4 $0 $1,736 $1,736
3.5% IRR
($30,000) 3 $0 $1,704 $1,704
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($30,000) $0 ($30,000)
1 $0 $1,641 $1,641
Electricity 15,662 kWh $0.1028 $1,610
Cash Flow
$1,641
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$2,753
17
100% 12 $0 $2,240 $2,240
18 $0 $2,753
7.19% 20 $0 $2,961 $2,961
2.79% 19 $0 $2,853 $2,853
Defined
$2,565
20
14 $0 $2,390 $2,390
$0 13 $0 $2,314 $2,314
$0 $2,658 $2,658
2010 16 $0 $2,565
10 11 $0 $2,168 $2,168
9 $0 $2,032 $2,032
$1,908
($30,000) 8 $0 $1,969 $1,969
-$8,154
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,908
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,849 $1,849
NPV
($35,000)
($30,000)
($25,000)
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.8%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 492 5 2 4 0 5%
3,622 3,591 0.9%
room.
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,237.0 16.7 0.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,271 0.9%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,578,189 0.8%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,578,189
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 492.5 2.4 0.5%
2,599,589 2,578,189
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,271
3,591
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,025
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,841 $1,841
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 900 $1 900
4 $0 $1,784 $1,784
20.7% IRR
($9,000) 3 $0 $1,751 $1,751
1 $0 $1,686 $1,686
($9,000)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($9,000) $0
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 16,098 kWh $0.1028 $1,655
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$2,302
12 11 $0 $2,229 $2,229
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 $0 $2,158
7.19% 20 $0 $3,043 $3,043
2.79% 19 $0 $2,932 $2,932
20 18 $0 $2,830 $2,830
Defined 17 $0 $2,732 $2,732
2010 16 $0 $2,637 $2,637
14 $0 $2,457 $2,457
$0 13 $0 $2,378 $2,378
100% 12 $0 $2,302
9 $0 $2,089 $2,089
($9,000) 8 $0 $2,024 $2,024
$11,990
$2,158
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,961
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,900 $1,900
NPV
$1,961
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
8.6%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -2.3%
HVAC Fans 495 0 483 3 11 6 2 4%
3,622 3,296 9.0%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,087.2 166.5 7.4%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 8,470 9.5%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,375,690 8.6%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589
2,375,690
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
replacement
750 1,000 hours
7.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 483.3 11.6 2.4%
2,599,589
2,375,690
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
8,470
3,296
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,505
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $19,266 $19,266
4 $0 $18,668 $18,668
635.8% IRR
($2,790) 3 $2,709 $18,320 $21,029
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,790) $0 ($2,790)
1 $0 $17,643 $17,643
Electricity 168,427 kWh $0.1028 $17,314
Cash Flow
$17,643
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$29,610
17
100% 12 $3,468 $24,088 $27,556
18 $4,090 $33,700
7.19% 20 $0 $31,842 $31,842
2.79% 19 $0 $30,676 $30,676
Defined
$27,588
20
14 $0 $25,704 $25,704
$2,494 13 $0 $24,883 $24,883
$0 $28,581 $28,581
2010 16 $0 $27,588
3 11 $0 $23,319 $23,319
9 $3,194 $21,852 $25,046
$20,518
($2,790) 8 $0 $21,175 $21,175
$219,883
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $20,518
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $19,882 $22,823
NPV
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
2.2%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -4.5%
HVAC Fans 495 0 490 1 4 8 1 0%
3,622 3,540 2.3%
24 hours/day.
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,217.4 36.3 1.6%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,133 2.4%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,543,312 2.2%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589
2,543,312
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
for replacement
entire building
750 1,000 hours
1.8%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 490.1 4.8 1.0%
2,599,589
2,543,312
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,133
3,540
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,936
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,842 $5,160
4 $309 $4,692 $5,002
1524.4% IRR
($310) 3 $301 $4,605 $4,906
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $285 $4,435 $4,719
Electricity 42,334 kWh $0.1028 $4,352
Cash Flow
$4,435
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$7,442
17
100% 12 $385 $6,055 $6,440
18 $454 $7,897
7.19% 20 $480 $8,003 $8,483
2.79% 19 $467 $7,710 $8,177
Defined
$7,364
20
14 $407 $6,461 $6,868
$277 13 $396 $6,254 $6,650
$442 $7,184 $7,626
2010 16 $430 $6,934
1 11 $375 $5,861 $6,236
9 $355 $5,493 $5,847
$5,493
($310) 8 $345 $5,322 $5,668
$56,748
N/A cfm $0 7 $336 $5,157
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4,997 $5,324
NPV
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.7 W/sf.
0.7%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -2.3%
HVAC Fans 495 0 493 2 1 8 0 4%
3,622 3,596 0.7%
hours/day.
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,239.8 13.9 0.6%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,287 0.7%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,582,083 0.7%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,582,083
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
750 1,000 hours
0.6%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 493.2 1.8 0.4%
2,599,589 2,582,083
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,287
3,596
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,035
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,506 $1,506
4 $0 $1,460 $1,460
449.5% IRR
($310) 3 $301 $1,432 $1,733
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $0 $1,379 $1,379
Electricity 13,169 kWh $0.1028 $1,354
Cash Flow
$1,379
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$2,315
17
100% 12 $385 $1,883 $2,269
18 $454 $2,770
7.19% 20 $0 $2,490 $2,490
2.79% 19 $0 $2,399 $2,399
Defined
$2,157
20
14 $0 $2,010 $2,010
$277 13 $0 $1,946 $1,946
$0 $2,235 $2,235
2010 16 $0 $2,157
3 11 $0 $1,823 $1,823
9 $355 $1,709 $2,063
$1,604
($310) 8 $0 $1,656 $1,656
$17,409
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,604
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,555 $1,881
NPV
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
0 5 10 15 20 N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
h i d
1.8%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -4.5%
HVAC Fans 495 0 490 9 4 1 0 8%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,223.6 30.1 1.3%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,553,010 1.8%
3,622 3,554 1.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,172 2.0%
Energy End-Use MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
Arid
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
MBtu/yr
2,599,589
2,553,010
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
when unoccupied.
building
extended lifetime)
CFLs
1.5%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 490.9 4.1 0.8%
2,599,589
2,553,010
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,172
3,554
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,960
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $4,320 $4,320
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $4 457 $4 457
4 $0 $4,187 $4,187
83.8% IRR
($4,825) 3 $0 $4,107 $4,107
1 $0 $3,950 $3,950
($4,825)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($4,825) $0
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 35,039 kWh $0.1028 $3,602
Cash Flow
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$5,389
10 11 $0 $5,219 $5,219
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 ($6,350)
7.19% 20 $0 $7,095 $7,095
2.79% 19 $0 $6,840 $6,840
20 18 $0 $6,606 $6,606
Defined 17 $0 $6,380 $6,380
2010 16 $0 $6,161 $6,161
14 $0 $5,747 $5,747
($4,825) 13 $0 $5,565 $5,565
100% 12 $0 $5,389
9 $0 $4,894 $4,894
($4,825) 8 $0 $4,744 $4,744
$40,275
$5,054 ($1,296)
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $4,598
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $4,457 $4,457
NPV
$4,598
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.9%
Pumps 0.2 0.1 0.0 4.5%
HVAC Fans 495 0 482 6 12 4 2 5%
3,622 3,589 0.9%
spaces.
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,238.7 15.0 0.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,267 1.0%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,577,066 0.9%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,577,066
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 482.6 12.4 2.5%
2,599,589 2,577,066
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,267
3,589
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,022
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,938 $1,938
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $2 000 $2 000
4 $0 $1,878 $1,878
11.1% IRR
($11,540) 3 $0 $1,843 $1,843
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($11,540) $0 ($11,540)
1 $0 $1,775 $1,775
Electricity 16,934 kWh $0.1028 $1,741
Cash Flow
$1,775
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$2,979
17
100% 12 $0 $2,423 $2,423
18 $0 $2,979
7.19% 20 $0 $3,203 $3,203
2.79% 19 $0 $3,086 $3,086
Defined
$2,775
20
14 $0 $2,586 $2,586
($11,540) 13 $0 $2,503 $2,503
$0 $2,875 $2,875
2010 16 $0 $2,775
9 $0 $2,198 $2,198
10 11 $0 $2,346 $2,346
($11,540) 8 $0 $2,130 $2,130
$3,615
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $2,064
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $2,000 $2,000
NPV
$2,064
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
72F (heating).
4.2%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -4.5%
HVAC Fans 495 0 499 8 4 8 1 0%
3,622 3,463 4.4%
74F (heating).
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,128.6 125.1 5.5%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 8,924 4.6%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,490,434 4.2%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589
2,490,434
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
3.5%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 499.8 -4.8 -1.0%
2,599,589
2,490,434
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
8,924
3,463
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,800
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $9,393 $9,393
4 $0 $9,101 $9,101
27.7% IRR
($32,550) 3 $0 $8,932 $8,932
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($32,550) $0 ($32,550)
1 $0 $8,602 $8,602
Electricity 82,094 kWh $0.1028 $8,439
Cash Flow
$8,602
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$14,436
17
100% 12 $0 $11,744 $11,744
18 $0 $14,436
7.19% 20 $0 $15,524 $15,524
2.79% 19 $0 $14,956 $14,956
Defined
$13,450
20
14 $0 $12,532 $12,532
($32,550) 13 $0 $12,131 $12,131
$0 $13,935 $13,935
2010 16 $0 $13,450
15 11 $0 $11,369 $11,369
9 $0 $10,654 $10,654
$10,003
($32,550) 8 $0 $10,324 $10,324
$57,438
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $10,003
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $9,693 $9,693
NPV
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
1.2%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 495 0 0 0 0 0%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,253.7 0.0 0.0%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,568,608 1.2%
3,622 3,598 0.6%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,356 0.0%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,599,589 2,568,608
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
shower heads
3.3%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 495.0 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589 2,568,608
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,356
3,598
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,815
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
($15,053)
Cash Flow
$5,708
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6 819 $6 819
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $6,613 $6,613
4 $0 $6,413 $6,413
40.1% IRR
3 $0 $6,168 $6,168
2 $0 $5,933
Water & sewer 838,836 Gals $0.0037 $3,104 0 ($15,053) $0 ($15,053)
1 $0 $5,708 $5,708
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
cfm $0
12 $0 $8,198 $8,198
($15,053)
N/A
7.19% 20 $0 $10,819 $10,819
2.79% 19 $0 $10,464 $10,464
20 18 $0 $10,087 $10,087
Defined 17 $0 $9,725 $9,725
2010 16 $0 $9,376 $9,376
14 $0 $8,719 $8,719
13 $0 $8,454 $8,454
11 $0 $7,950 $7,950
9 $0 $7,476 $7,476
$7,031
8 $0 $7,250 $7,250
$49,432
7 $0
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6,819 $6,819
NPV
$7,031
($3,428)
100%
15
($11,625)
100%
10
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
1 inch thick fibreglass insulation on all domestic hot
water piping.
0.7%
0.2 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 495 0 0 0 0 0%
Pumps 0.2
3,622 3,603 0.5%
Insulation on domestic hot water piping is assumed to
be of mixed thickness and condition, equivalent to 0.5
inch thick fibreglass insulation.
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,232.0 21.7 1.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,323 0.4%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,582,408 0.7%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,582,408
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
jacket
- Warm climates insulation on hot water pipes only
1.2%
Base Utilities - Gas 1,583.7 1,508.8
HVAC Fans 495.0 495.0 0.0 0.0%
74.9 4.7%
2,599,589 2,582,408
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,323
3,603
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 7,983
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,587 $1,587
4 $0 $1,536 $1,536
9.7% IRR
($15,279) 3 $0 $1,480 $1,480
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($15,279) $0 ($15,279)
1 $0 $1,376 $1,376
Cash Flow
$1,376
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$2,526
17
100% 12 $0 $2,004 $2,004
18 $0 $2,526
7.19% 20 $0 $2,736 $2,736
2.79% 19 $0 $2,633 $2,633
Defined
$2,326
20
14 $0 $2,142 $2,142
($15,279) 13 $0 $2,072 $2,072
$0 $2,424 $2,424
2010 16 $0 $2,326
30 11 $0 $1,937 $1,937
9 $0 $1,812 $1,812
$1,696
($15,279) 8 $0 $1,753 $1,753
$3,360
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,696
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,641 $1,641
NPV
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Corridor lighting load is reduced by 25% to 1.35 W/sf.
The operating schedule remains unchanged. The
reduction in load is based on US EPA predictions,
0.0%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 494 9 0 1 0 0%
3,622 3,621 0.0%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,253.1 0.6 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,353 0.0%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,598,790 0.0%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,598,790
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
assuming the lighting turns off when unoccupied.
CFLs
0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 494.9 0.1 0.0%
2,599,589 2,598,790
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,353
3,621
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,078
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Heating Plant Savings N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $87 $87
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $69 $69
4 $0 $67 $67
0.0% IRR
($772) 3 $0 $80 $80
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($772) $0 ($772)
1 $0 $63 $63
Cash Flow
$63
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$128
17
100% 12 $0 $105 $105
18 $0 $128
7.19% 20 $0 $114 $114
2.79% 19 $0 $109 $109
Defined
$98
20
14 $0 $92 $92
($772) 13 $0 $89 $89
$0 $102 $102
2010 16 $0 $98
10 11 $0 $83 $83
9 $0 $95 $95
$73
($772) 8 $0 $76 $76
-$382
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $73
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $87 $87
NPV
($1,200)
($1,000)
($800)
($600)
($400)
($200)
$0
$200
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
motor.
0.5%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -2.3%
HVAC Fans 495 0 467 8 27 1 5 5%
3,622 3,604 0.5%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,243.2 10.5 0.5%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,307 0.5%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,587,308 0.5%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,587,308
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
rate
0.4%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 467.8 27.1 5.5%
2,599,589 2,587,308
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,307
3,604
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,048
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,057 $1,057
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 091 $1 091
4 $0 $1,024 $1,024
33.8% IRR
($2,868) 3 $0 $1,005 $1,005
1 $0 $968 $968
($2,868)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,868) $0
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$1,321
10 11 $0 $1,279 $1,279
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 ($3,775) $1,238
7.19% 20 $0 $1,746 $1,746
2.79% 19 $0 $1,683 $1,683
20 18 $0 $1,624 $1,624
Defined 17 $0 $1,568 $1,568
2010 16 $0 $1,513 $1,513
14 $0 $1,410 $1,410
($2,868) 13 $0 $1,365 $1,365
100% 12 $0 $1,321
9 $0 $1,199 $1,199
($2,868) 8 $0 $1,161 $1,161
$7,264
($2,537)
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,125
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,091 $1,091
NPV
$1,125
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.1%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 491 5 3 4 0 7%
3,622 3,619 0.1%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,252.0 1.7 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,349 0.1%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,597,804 0.1%
Arid
Base Case
2,599,589 2,597,804
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 495.0 491.5 3.4 0.7%
2,599,589 2,597,804
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,349
3,619
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,075
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $154 $154
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $159 $159
4 $0 $149 $149
16.7% IRR
($885) 3 $0 $146 $146
1 $0 $141 $141
($885)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($885) $0
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$192
15 11 $0 $186 $186
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 $0 $180
7.19% 20 $0 $254 $254
2.79% 19 $0 $245 $245
20 18 $0 $236 $236
Defined 17 $0 $228 $228
2010 16 $0 $220 $220
14 $0 $205 $205
($287) 13 $0 $198 $198
100% 12 $0 $192
9 $0 $174 $174
($885) 8 $0 $169 $169
$733
$180
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $164
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $159 $159
NPV
$164
($1,500)
($1,000)
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,122 2,007,279 22.8%
3,621 2,793 22.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 7,204 23.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 471 9 23 0 4 7%
22.8%
2,599,122
2,007,279
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 471.9 23.0 4.7%
Receptacles - Gas 421.8 277.1 144.7 34.3%
individual measure.
22.4%
2,599,122
2,007,279
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,621
7,204
2,793
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,076
6,270
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 409,192 kWh $0.1028 $42,065
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
($149,066) $0 ($149,066)
IRR 37.6%
($149,066) 3 $4,325 $53,313 $57,637
1 $1,245 $50,983 $52,228
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $56,240 $57,629
4 $1,661 $54,501 $56,162
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $58,050 $63,073
$59,886 $61,354
($149,066) 8 $1,854 $61,797 $63,651
NPV $470,972
9 $5,099 $63,786 $68,885
N/A 11 $1,638 $68,013 $69,652
N/A 13 $1,731 $72,541 $74,272
N/A 12 ($2,231) $70,260 $68,029
14 $2,186 $74,917 $77,103
2010 16 $2,310 $80,454 $82,764
20 18 $6,984 $86,427 $93,411
Defined 17 $1,932 $83,376 $85,308
7.19% 20 $2,578 $92,894 $95,472
2.79% 19 $2,041 $89,546 $91,587
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
444.1 19.7%
HVAC Fans 495 0 443 9 51 1
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed Modifications Space Cooling 2,253.7 1,809.6
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,122 1,979,506 23.8%
3,621 2,758 23.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 7,124 23.9%
10 3%
23.8%
2,599,122
1,979,506
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 443.9 51.1 10.3%
Receptacles - Gas 421.8 277.1 144.7 34.3%
individual measure.
23.8%
2,599,122
1,979,506
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,621
7,124
2,758
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,076
6,153
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 424,446 kWh $0.1028 $43,633
Cash Flow
($168,869)
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0 ($168,869) $0
($168,869) 3 $4,325 $55,649 $59,973
1 $1,245 $53,190 $54,435
4 $1,661 $56,905 $58,566
34.7% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $58,723 $60,112
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468 $62,535
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $60,615 $65,638
NPV
$64,003
($168,869) 8 $1,854 $64,533 $66,387
$477,648
9 $5,099 $66,612 $71,712
N/A 11 $1,638 $71,033 $72,671
N/A 13 $1,731 $75,767 $77,498
N/A 12 ($2,231) $73,380 $71,150
14 $2,186 $78,251 $80,437
2010 16 $2,310 $84,056 $86,365
20 18 $6,984 $90,318 $97,302
Defined 17 $1,932 $87,119 $89,051
7.19% 20 $2,578 $97,095 $99,672
2.79% 19 $2,041 $93,590 $95,631
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Arid: Replace at End of Lifetime
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
N/A
E-09
$20,386
CO2 Reductions
Cost
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
yrs
Install New or
Replace
Immediate
N/A
% %
$56,395
N/A
N/A N/A
0.7% N/A
1.2 yrs
N/A $17,957
2.2%
Simple Payback IRR
Immediate
%
N/A
Energy Modelling Results Summary Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modelled existing hotel in the arid climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may vary
based on that building's parameters and financial results may also vary based on local costs and financing structures.
Arid
West Palm Beach, FL
Immediate 8.6% N/A N/A $224,812
O-04
E-07
Towel/Sheet Program
0.8% N/A
89.3% 92.2%
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
Immediate
2.2%
E-09
N/A
E-07
E-10
Arid
Immediate $57,295
E-09
B-04
M-09
W-03
0.8%
$
$19,834
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
$1,290
0.1% 49.0%
Pipe Insulation
NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors
E-08
$555,479
N/A
$548,246
1.3 yrs 22.8% 81.4% 76.4%
M-11
M-11
E-10
51.2% 2.1 yrs
1.6 yrs 23.9% 66.4% 61.9%
Ari
34% on natural gas.
Arid
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
machines
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,541,632 2.2%
3,622 3,549 2.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,194 1.7%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,245.3 8.4 0.4%
HVAC Fans 495 0 494 0 1 0 0 2%
2.2%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -2.3%
2,599,589
2,541,632
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
34% on natural gas.
HVAC Fans 495.0 494.0 1.0 0.2%
star rating
3.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
2,599,589
2,541,632
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,194
3,549
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,829
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Individual Resource Calculations Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels Arid
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$5,235
Electricity 30,742 kWh $0.1028 $3,160
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($5,864) $0 ($5,864)
1 $0 $5,235 $5,235
($5,864) 3 $0 $5,548 $5,548
4 $0 $5,713 $5,713
92.2% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6 089 $6 089
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $5,898 $5,898
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $6,286
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6,089 $6,089
NPV
($5,864) 8 $0 $6,489 $6,489
$56,395
9 $0 $6,700 $6,700
$6,286
12 11 $0 $7,149 $7,149
14 $0 $7,880 $7,880
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,628 $7,628
2010 16 $0 $8,495 $8,495
20 18 $0 $9,159 $9,159
Defined 17 $0 $8,821 $8,821
7.19% 20 $0 $9,868 $9,868
2.79% 19 $0 $9,511 $9,511
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,384 ($769)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
Arid
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
room.
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,578,769 0.8%
3,622 3,591 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,274 0.9%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,237.5 16.2 0.7%
HVAC Fans 495 0 492 5 2 4 0 5%
0.8%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589 2,578,769
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 492.5 2.4 0.5%
discount)
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589 2,578,769
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,274
3,591
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,027
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,641
Electricity 15,662 kWh $0.1028 $1,610
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0 $0
1 $0 $1,641 $1,641
$0 3 $0 $1,704 $1,704
4 $0 $1,736 $1,736
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 849 $1 849
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,791 $1,791
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,908
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,849 $1,849
NPV
$0 8 $0 $1,969 $1,969
$19,834
9 $0 $2,032 $2,032
$1,908
10 11 $0 $2,168 $2,168
14 $0 $2,390 $2,390
$0 13 $0 $2,314 $2,314
2010 16 $0 $2,565 $2,565
20 18 $0 $2,753 $2,753
Defined 17 $0 $2,658 $2,658
7.19% 20 $0 $2,961 $2,961
2.79% 19 $0 $2,853 $2,853
100% 12 $0 $2,240 $2,240
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
Base Case
room.
Arid
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,578,189 0.8%
3,622 3,591 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,271 0.9%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,237.0 16.7 0.7%
HVAC Fans 495 0 492 5 2 4 0 5%
0.8%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589 2,578,189
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 492.5 2.4 0.5%
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589 2,578,189
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,271
3,591
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,025
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 16,098 kWh $0.1028 $1,655
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0
1 $0 $1,686 $1,686
$0
$0 3 $0 $1,751 $1,751
4 $0 $1,784 $1,784
N/A IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,841 $1,841
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 900 $1 900 Heating Plant Savings
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,961
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,900 $1,900
NPV
$1,961
$0 8 $0 $2,024 $2,024
$20,386
9 $0 $2,089 $2,089
$2,302
12 11 $0 $2,229 $2,229
100% 12 $0 $2,302
14 $0 $2,457 $2,457
$0 13 $0 $2,378 $2,378
2010 16 $0 $2,637 $2,637
20 18 $0 $2,830 $2,830
Defined 17 $0 $2,732 $2,732
7.19% 20 $0 $3,043 $3,043
2.79% 19 $0 $2,932 $2,932
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
Arid
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,375,690 8.6%
3,622 3,296 9.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 8,470 9.5%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,087.2 166.5 7.4%
HVAC Fans 495 0 483 3 11 6 2 4%
8.6%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -2.3%
2,599,589
2,375,690
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 483.3 11.6 2.4%
replacement
750 1,000 hours
7.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589
2,375,690
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
8,470
3,296
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,505
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$17,643
Electricity 168,427 kWh $0.1028 $17,314
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $2,494 $0 $2,494
1 $0 $17,643 $17,643
$2,494 3 $2,709 $18,320 $21,029
4 $0 $18,668 $18,668
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $2 941 $19 882 $22 823
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $19,266 $19,266
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $20,518
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $19,882 $22,823
NPV
$2,494 8 $0 $21,175 $21,175
$224,812
9 $3,194 $21,852 $25,046
$20,518
3 11 $0 $23,319 $23,319
14 $0 $25,704 $25,704
$2,494 13 $0 $24,883 $24,883
2010 16 $0 $27,588 $27,588
20 18 $4,090 $29,610 $33,700
Defined 17 $0 $28,581 $28,581
7.19% 20 $0 $31,842 $31,842
2.79% 19 $0 $30,676 $30,676
100% 12 $3,468 $24,088 $27,556
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
Arid
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
24 hours/day.
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,543,312 2.2%
3,622 3,540 2.3%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,133 2.4%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,217.4 36.3 1.6%
HVAC Fans 495 0 490 1 4 8 1 0%
2.2%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -4.5%
2,599,589
2,543,312
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 490.1 4.8 1.0%
for replacement
entire building
750 1,000 hours
1.8%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589
2,543,312
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,133
3,540
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
7,936
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$4,435
Electricity 42,334 kWh $0.1028 $4,352
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $285 $4,435 $4,719
$277 3 $301 $4,605 $4,906
4 $309 $4,692 $5,002
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4 997 $5 324
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,842 $5,160
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $336 $5,157
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4,997 $5,324
NPV
$277 8 $345 $5,322 $5,668
$57,295
9 $355 $5,493 $5,847
$5,493
1 11 $375 $5,861 $6,236
14 $407 $6,461 $6,868
$277 13 $396 $6,254 $6,650
2010 16 $430 $6,934 $7,364
20 18 $454 $7,442 $7,897
Defined 17 $442 $7,184 $7,626
7.19% 20 $480 $8,003 $8,483
2.79% 19 $467 $7,710 $8,177
100% 12 $385 $6,055 $6,440
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
0.7 W/sf.
Arid
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
hours/day.
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,582,083 0.7%
3,622 3,596 0.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,287 0.7%
Space Cooling 2,253.7 2,239.8 13.9 0.6%
HVAC Fans 495 0 493 2 1 8 0 4%
0.7%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0 -2.3%
2,599,589 2,582,083
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 493.2 1.8 0.4%
750 1,000 hours
0.6%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589 2,582,083
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,287
3,596
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,035
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,379
Electricity 13,169 kWh $0.1028 $1,354
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $0 $1,379 $1,379
$277 3 $301 $1,432 $1,733
4 $0 $1,460 $1,460
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1 555 $1 881
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,506 $1,506
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,604
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,555 $1,881
NPV
$277 8 $0 $1,656 $1,656
$17,957
9 $355 $1,709 $2,063
$1,604
3 11 $0 $1,823 $1,823
14 $0 $2,010 $2,010
$277 13 $0 $1,946 $1,946
2010 16 $0 $2,157 $2,157
20 18 $454 $2,315 $2,770
Defined 17 $0 $2,235 $2,235
7.19% 20 $0 $2,490 $2,490
2.79% 19 $0 $2,399 $2,399
100% 12 $385 $1,883 $2,269
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
Arid
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,597,804 0.1%
3,622 3,619 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 9,349 0.1%
Energy End-Use
0.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 491 5 3 4 0 7%
0.1%
Pumps 0.2 0.2 0.0
2,599,589 2,597,804
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 491.5 3.4 0.7%
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,599,589 2,597,804
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
9,349
3,619
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080 8,075
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($287) $0
1 $0 $141 $141
($287)
($287) 3 $0 $146 $146
4 $0 $149 $149
51.2% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $154 $154
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $159 $159 Heating Plant Savings
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $164
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $159 $159
NPV
$164
($287) 8 $0 $169 $169
$1,290
9 $0 $174 $174
$192
15 11 $0 $186 $186
100% 12 $0 $192
14 $0 $205 $205
($287) 13 $0 $198 $198
2010 16 $0 $220 $220
20 18 $0 $236 $236
Defined 17 $0 $228 $228
7.19% 20 $0 $254 $254
2.79% 19 $0 $245 $245
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
$3,500
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 2,007,279 22.8%
3,622 2,793 22.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 9,356 7,204 23.0%
HVAC Fans 495 0 471 9 23 0 4 7%
22.8%
2,599,589
2,007,279
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 495.0 471.9 23.0 4.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
individual measure.
22.4%
2,599,589
2,007,279
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
7,204
2,793
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
6,270
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 409,192 kWh $0.1028 $42,065
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
($66,784) $0 ($66,784)
IRR 81.4%
($66,784) 3 $4,325 $53,355 $57,679
1 $1,245 $51,021 $52,266
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $56,286 $57,675
4 $1,661 $54,546 $56,207
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $58,098 $63,121
$59,935 $61,403
($66,784) 8 $1,854 $61,848 $63,702
NPV $548,246
9 $5,099 $63,839 $68,938
N/A 11 $1,638 $68,070 $69,708
N/A 13 $1,731 $72,602 $74,333
N/A 12 ($2,231) $70,318 $68,087
14 $2,186 $74,980 $77,166
2010 16 $2,310 $80,523 $82,832
20 18 $6,984 $86,503 $93,487
Defined 17 $1,932 $83,448 $85,380
7.19% 20 $2,578 $92,976 $95,554
2.79% 19 $2,041 $89,625 $91,665
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Ari
23.9%
0.2 0.2 0.0 -6.8%
HVAC Fans 495 0 443 9 51 1 10 3%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,599,589 1,979,506 23.9%
23.9%
7,124 23.9%
Lighting 1,835.9 1,097.3 738.7 40.2%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% SO2 (lb/yr)
Arid
NOX (lb/yr) 3,622 2,758
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
9,356
2,599,589
1,979,506
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
individual measure.
23.8%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
HVAC Fans 495.0 443.9 51.1 10.3%
2,599,589
1,979,506
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
9,356
3,622
7,124
2,758
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
8,080
6,153
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $58,769 $60,158
4 $1,661 $56,950 $58,611
($85,990) 3 $4,325 $55,691 $60,015
IRR 66.4%
1 $1,245 $53,228 $54,473
($85,990) $0 ($85,990)
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 424,446 kWh $0.1028 $43,633
$85,990
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
7.19% 20 $2,578 $97,177 $99,754
2.79% 19 $2,041 $93,669 $95,710
20 18 $6,984 $90,394 $97,378
Defined 17 $1,932 $87,191 $89,123
2010 16 $2,310 $84,124 $86,434
14 $2,186 $78,314 $80,500
N/A 13 $1,731 $75,828 $77,558
N/A 12 ($2,231) $73,439 $71,208
N/A 11 $1,638 $71,089 $72,727
9 $5,099 $66,665 $71,764
($85,990) 8 $1,854 $64,584 $66,438
NPV $555,479
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $60,663 $65,685
$62,584 $64,052
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Temperate: Install or Replace Immediately
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
Install New or
Replace
Energy Modelling Results Summary Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels Temperate
2.4%
2.3 yrs 1.7% 45.3% 42.7%
0.3 yrs
0.1%
2.3%
CO2 Reductions
0.6% 344.9% 340.4% $12,971
83.6%
$59,073
7.1 yrs 0.7% 8.6% 12.1% $1,365
5.3 yrs 3.0% 17.6% $27,176
E-09
Cost
$6,357
$39,385
0.6% 4.1%
% %
$19,508
$18,679
13.9%
82.4%
1573.3% 1480.3%
0.7%
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modelled existing hotel in the temperate climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may
Temperate
West Palm Beach, FL
0.3 yrs 7.4% 501.1% 497.8% $169,716
0.1 yrs $57,090
yrs
O-04
E-07
Towel/Sheet Program Immediate
7.7 yrs
6.9 yrs E-07
Relevant
Action
Group
Measure
E-09
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
Simple Payback IRR
20 yrs
%
0.4%
B-04
M-09
W-03
18.2%
N/A
11.8%
N/A
12.4%
$
($13,656)
14.9%
E-09
Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Fixtures 2.0%
1.3 yrs E-10
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
1.9%
Never 0.0% N/A 6.3% ($577)
0.1% 13.9%
10.7%
$1
12.1% $15,396
E-10
E-08 Pipe Insulation 8.2 yrs
0.2% 7.1 yrs
7.2%
13.9% 6.9 yrs M-11 NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors
$660
14.3% M-11 Variable Frequency Drives
Individual Resource Calculations Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels Temperate
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
409 6
0.0
1,831.3
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Lighting
Base Case
0.0
903.7
0.0
0.1%
Base Case Emissions
0.1%
1,831.3
HVAC Fans
Heat Rejection
0 1% 409 4 0 3
Operations
3,698.6 3,705.0 -6.4 -0.2%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.0 0.0%
25.5
Energy End-Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992
25.4 0.0
CO2 (lb/yr)
0.0 0.0
2,989 0.1%
%
0.0%
MBtu/yr
0.0%
902.2 1.5 0.2%
0.0
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.2%
NOX (lb/yr)
2,401,837 2,399,566 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,648
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed
2,401,837 2,399,566
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
409.6
0.0%
4.1 Financial Assumptions
0.0 0.0%
1,149.8 1,145.0 4.7 0.4%
0.0%
2,033.7 2,033.7
10,473.8
laundry detergent
10,477.9
Receptacles - Elec
4.0 0.9%
HVAC Fans 0.1% 409.4 0.3
Total
2,401,837 2,399,566
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,648
2,989
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,474
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Operations
$1 428
$1,389
$1,315
$1,279
$1,245
Water & sewer
Natural gas
1,919 Electricity
34,606
-24
$310
$349
-$22
$197
therms
$0.0037
$0.9000
$0.1028
Unit Cost
N/A
N/A
2
$0
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Financial Table
kWh
Resource
$322
$316
$1,728
$1,681
$1,637
$1,555
$1,596
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Simple Payback
$0 $0
Loss (-)
Gals
6 $1 777
$0
IRR
MBh
tons $0 $339
$329
5
4
3
$1,352
Immediate
N/A
N/A
1
0 $128
$0
$310
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
$1,468
$1,428 $349
N/A $0
N/A $0
$0
1
20
19
18
17 Defined
20
2010
100%
$1,211 $1,731
$1,638 $405
$2,286
$518
$502
$487
$1,986
11
$2,041 $2,559 2.79%
Financial Analysis
$1,684
$1,779
$457
$2,488
7.19%
$430
$2,418
$2,351
13
$2,098 $535 $2,633
$359 $1,827
$417
8
7
6
$370 $1,509
10
9
12
$1,551
$393
$381
$1,594
$1,777
16
15
$472
14
$1,879
$443 $2,222
$1,932
$1,828
$2,043
$1,987
$1,932
$1,879
$2,101
$2,161
NPV
cfm
MBh
$18,679
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
$45,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
machines
34% on natural gas.
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,921 2.4%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,346,190 2.3%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,495 2.4% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.4 0.1 0.4%
HVAC Fans 409 6 408 8 0 9 0 2%
Space Heating - Gas 3,698.6 3,720.2 -21.6 -0.6%
Space Cooling 903.7 898.9 4.8 0.5%
2.3%
2,401,837
2,346,190
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
34% on natural gas.
HVAC Fans 409.6 408.8 0.9 0.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
star rating
2.2%
2,401,837
2,346,190
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,495
2,921
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,248
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$5,047
Electricity 30,901 kWh $0.1028 $3,177
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($42,658) $0 ($42,658)
1 $0 $5,047 $5,047
($42,658) 3 $0 $5,337 $5,337
4 $0 $5,491 $5,491
12.4% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5 850 $5 850
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $5,668 $5,668
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $6,039
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5,850 $5,850
NPV
($42,658) 8 $0 $6,234 $6,234
$19,508
9 $0 $6,435 $6,435
$6,039
12 11 $0 $6,865 $6,865
14 $0 $7,566 $7,566
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,325 $7,325
2010 16 $0 $8,150 $8,150
20 18 $0 $8,780 $8,780
Defined 17 $0 $8,459 $8,459
7.19% 20 $0 $9,455 $9,455
2.79% 19 $0 $9,114 $9,114
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,091 ($1,062)
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
room.
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,966 0.9%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,385,794 0.7%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,580 1.2% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 2 0 4 0 1%
Space Cooling 903.7 896.3 7.4 0.8%
0.7%
2,401,837 2,385,794
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.2 0.4 0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
0.2%
2,401,837 2,385,794
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,580
2,966
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,459
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Natural gas -318 therms $0.9000 -$286
Electricity 14,861 kWh $0.1028 $1,528
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($9,000) $0
1 $0 $1,255 $1,255
($9,000)
($9,000) 3 $0 $1,281 $1,281
4 $0 $1,294 $1,294
14.9% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,334 $1,334
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,419
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,376 $1,376
NPV
$1,419
($9,000) 8 $0 $1,463 $1,463
$6,357
9 $0 $1,509 $1,509
12 11 $0 $1,608 $1,608
$0 13 $0 $1,714 $1,714
100% 12 $0 $1,660 $1,660
14 $0 $1,770 $1,770
2010 16 $0 $1,888 $1,888
20 18 $0 $2,014 $2,014
Defined 17 $0 $1,950 $1,950
7.19% 20 $0 $2,157 $2,157
2.79% 19 $0 $2,080 $2,080
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
room.
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,967 0.8%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,386,252 0.6%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,582 1.1% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 2 0 4 0 1%
Space Cooling 903.7 896.5 7.2 0.8%
0.6%
2,401,837 2,386,252
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.2 0.4 0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
discount)
0.2%
2,401,837 2,386,252
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,582
2,967
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,460
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,219
Electricity 14,437 kWh $0.1028 $1,484
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($30,000) $0 ($30,000)
1 $0 $1,219 $1,219
($30,000) 3 $0 $1,245 $1,245
4 $0 $1,257 $1,257
0.4% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 336 $1 336
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,296 $1,296
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,378
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,336 $1,336
NPV
($30,000) 8 $0 $1,421 $1,421
-$13,656
9 $0 $1,465 $1,465
$1,378
10 11 $0 $1,562 $1,562
14 $0 $1,719 $1,719
$0 13 $0 $1,665 $1,665
2010 16 $0 $1,834 $1,834
20 18 $0 $1,956 $1,956
Defined 17 $0 $1,894 $1,894
7.19% 20 $0 $2,096 $2,096
2.79% 19 $0 $2,020 $2,020
100% 12 $0 $1,613 $1,613
($35,000)
($30,000)
($25,000)
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,703 9.6%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,224,243 7.4%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 5,787 13.1% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 -0.1%
HVAC Fans 409 6 405 2 4 4 1 1%
Space Cooling 903.7 823.9 79.7 8.8%
7.4%
2,401,837
2,224,243
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 405.2 4.4 1.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
replacement
750 1,000 hours
1.9%
2,401,837
2,224,243
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
5,787
2,703
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,277
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$13,889
Natural gas -3,637 therms $0.9000 -$3,273
Electricity 165,523 kWh $0.1028 $17,016
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,790) $0 ($2,790)
1 $0 $13,889 $13,889
($2,790) 3 $2,709 $14,171 $16,880
4 $0 $14,307 $14,307
501.1% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $2 941 $15 212 $18 153
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $14,752 $14,752
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $15,686
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $15,212 $18,153
NPV
($2,790) 8 $0 $16,174 $16,174
$169,716
9 $3,194 $16,678 $19,872
$15,686
3 11 $0 $17,777 $17,777
14 $0 $19,562 $19,562
$2,494 13 $0 $18,948 $18,948
2010 16 $0 $20,866 $20,866
20 18 $4,090 $22,252 $26,342
Defined 17 $0 $21,548 $21,548
7.19% 20 $0 $23,837 $23,837
2.79% 19 $0 $22,978 $22,978
100% 12 $3,468 $18,353 $21,821
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
24 hours/day.
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,897 3.2%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,343,176 2.4%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,372 4.3% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 -0.1%
HVAC Fans 409 6 406 0 3 7 0 9%
Space Cooling 903.7 879.1 24.6 2.7%
2.4%
2,401,837
2,343,176
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 406.0 3.7 0.9%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
for replacement
entire building
750 1,000 hours
0.7%
2,401,837
2,343,176
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,372
2,897
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,408
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$4,589
Electricity 54,296 kWh $0.1028 $5,582
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $285 $4,589 $4,874
($310) 3 $301 $4,685 $4,986
4 $309 $4,731 $5,041
1573.3% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $5 031 $5 358
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,879 $5,197
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $336 $5,188
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $5,031 $5,358
NPV
($310) 8 $345 $5,350 $5,695
$57,090
9 $355 $5,517 $5,871
$5,524
1 11 $375 $5,880 $6,255
14 $407 $6,471 $6,879
$277 13 $396 $6,268 $6,664
2010 16 $430 $6,904 $7,334
20 18 $454 $7,365 $7,819
Defined 17 $442 $7,131 $7,573
7.19% 20 $480 $7,890 $8,370
2.79% 19 $467 $7,606 $8,073
100% 12 $385 $6,071 $6,456
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
hours/day.
0.7 W/sf.
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,969 0.8%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,388,301 0.6%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,586 1.1% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.3 0.2 0.8%
HVAC Fans 409 6 408 1 1 5 0 4%
Space Cooling 903.7 895.8 7.9 0.9%
0.6%
2,401,837 2,388,301
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 408.1 1.5 0.4%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
Base Utilities - Gas 2,033.7 2,033.8 -0.1 0.0%
750 1,000 hours
0.1%
2,401,837 2,388,301
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,586
2,969
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,471
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,055
Electricity 13,642 kWh $0.1028 $1,402
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $0 $1,055 $1,055
($310) 3 $301 $1,069 $1,369
4 $0 $1,074 $1,074
344.9% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1 141 $1 468
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,107 $1,107
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,177
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,141 $1,468
NPV
($310) 8 $0 $1,213 $1,213
$12,971
9 $355 $1,250 $1,605
$1,177
3 11 $0 $1,332 $1,332
14 $0 $1,464 $1,464
$277 13 $0 $1,419 $1,419
2010 16 $0 $1,558 $1,558
20 18 $454 $1,656 $2,111
Defined 17 $0 $1,606 $1,606
7.19% 20 $0 $1,771 $1,771
2.79% 19 $0 $1,708 $1,708
100% 12 $385 $1,375 $1,760
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
h i d
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,916 2.5%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,354,615 2.0%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,429 3.4% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 406 6 3 1 0 8%
Space Cooling 903.7 883.5 20.2 2.2%
2.0%
2,401,837
2,354,615
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
when unoccupied.
HVAC Fans 409.6 406.6 3.1 0.8%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
building
extended lifetime)
CFLs
0.6%
2,401,837
2,354,615
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,429
2,916
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,420
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 43,443 kWh $0.1028 $4,466
Cash Flow
($4,825)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($4,825) $0
($4,825) 3 $0 $4,070 $4,070
1 $0 $3,974 $3,974
4 $0 $4,117 $4,117
83.6% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $4,244 $4,244
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $4,511
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $4,375 $4,375
NPV
$4,511
($4,825) 8 $0 $4,651 $4,651
$39,385
9 $0 $4,795 $4,795
10 11 $0 $5,108 $5,108
($4,825) 13 $0 $5,441 $5,441
100% 12 $0 $5,272 $5,272
14 $0 $5,616 $5,616
2010 16 $0 $5,988 $5,988
20 18 $0 $6,385 $6,385
Defined 17 $0 $6,183 $6,183
7.19% 20 $0 $6,835 $6,835
2.79% 19 $0 $6,592 $6,592
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,982 0.3%
Space Heating - Gas
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,384,799 0.7%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,673 -0.2% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
spaces.
Pumps 25.5 25.2 0.3 1.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 0 0 7 0 2%
3,698.6 3,520.0 178.6 4.8%
Space Cooling 903.7 914.4 -10.7 -1.2%
0.7%
2,401,837 2,384,799
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.0 0.7 0.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
1.6%
2,401,837 2,384,799
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,673
2,982
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,309
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,394
Electricity -2,875 kWh $0.1028 ($296)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($11,540) $0 ($11,540)
1 $0 $1,394 $1,394
($11,540) 3 $0 $1,571 $1,571
4 $0 $1,667 $1,667
8.6% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,726 $1,726
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,851
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,787 $1,787
NPV
$1,851
($11,540) 8 $0 $1,917 $1,917
$1,365
9 $0 $1,985 $1,985
10 11 $0 $2,128 $2,128
14 $0 $2,362 $2,362
($11,540) 13 $0 $2,281 $2,281
2010 16 $0 $2,599 $2,599
20 18 $0 $2,860 $2,860
Defined 17 $0 $2,727 $2,727
7.19% 20 $0 $3,121 $3,121
2.79% 19 $0 $3,000 $3,000
100% 12 $0 $2,203 $2,203
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
72F (heating).
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,917 2.5%
Space Heating - Gas
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,330,490 3.0%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,535 1.8% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
74F (heating).
Pumps 25.5 25.6 -0.1 -0.3%
HVAC Fans 409 6 411 6 1 9 0 5%
3,698.6 3,352.8 345.8 9.3%
Space Cooling 903.7 822.1 81.6 9.0%
3.0%
2,401,837
2,330,490
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 411.6 -1.9 -0.5%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
4.1%
2,401,837
2,330,490
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,535
2,917
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,053
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$5,722
Electricity 23,314 kWh $0.1028 $2,397
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($32,550) $0 ($32,550)
1 $0 $5,722 $5,722
($32,550) 3 $0 $6,180 $6,180
4 $0 $6,425 $6,425
18.2% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6 867 $6 867
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $6,642 $6,642
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $7,099
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $6,867 $6,867
NPV
($32,550) 8 $0 $7,339 $7,339
$27,176
9 $0 $7,587 $7,587
$7,099
15 11 $0 $8,114 $8,114
14 $0 $8,976 $8,976
($32,550) 13 $0 $8,679 $8,679
2010 16 $0 $9,758 $9,758
20 18 $0 $10,609 $10,609
Defined 17 $0 $10,175 $10,175
7.19% 20 $0 $11,497 $11,497
2.79% 19 $0 $11,063 $11,063
100% 12 $0 $8,392 $8,392
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
Space Heating - Gas 3,698.6 3,698.6 0.0 0.0%
Space Cooling 903.7 903.7 0.0 0.0%
Pumps 25.5
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,362,054 1.7%
2,992 2,962 1.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,658 0.0%
1.7%
25.5 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 6 0 0 0 0%
2,401,837
2,362,054
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.6 0.0 0.0%
shower heads
3.3%
2,401,837
2,362,054
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,658
2,962
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,137
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$6,424
Water & sewer 838,836 Gals $0.0037 $3,104 0 ($15,053) $0 ($15,053)
1 $0 $6,424 $6,424
($15,053) 3 $0 $6,963 $6,963
4 $0 $7,251 $7,251
45.3% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $7 716 $7 716
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $7,480 $7,480
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
($3,428)
100%
15
($11,625)
100%
10
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $7,960
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $7,716 $7,716
NPV
9 $0 $8,471 $8,471
$7,960
8 $0 $8,211 $8,211
$59,073
11 $0 $9,016 $9,016
14 $0 $9,900 $9,900
13 $0 $9,596 $9,596
2010 16 $0 $10,672 $10,672
20 18 $0 $11,507 $11,507
Defined 17 $0 $11,081 $11,081
7.19% 20 $0 $12,365 $12,365
2.79% 19 $0 $11,950 $11,950
12 $0 $9,302 $9,302
($15,053)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Insulation on heating hot water and domestic hot water
piping is assumed to be of mixed thickness and
condition, equivalent to 0.5 inch thick fibreglass
insulation.
Base Case
Fibreglass insulation installed on all heating hot water
and domestic hot water piping. 2 inch thickness for
heating hot water piping 2 inches or larger, 1.5 inches
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,943 1.7%
1.2%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,355,478 1.9%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,576 MBtu/yr %
Space Cooling 903.7 850.4 53.3 5.9%
1.9%
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 6 0 0 0 0%
2,401,837
2,355,478
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
for smaller piping. All domestic hot water insulation is
1 inch thick.
jacket
- Cold climates insulation on hot water pipes and
HVAC heating pipes
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.6 0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2.6%
2,401,837
2,355,478
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,576
2,943
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,205
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$3,717
Electricity 15,625 kWh $0.1028 $1,606
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($34,748) $0 ($34,748)
1 $0 $3,717 $3,717
($34,748) 3 $0 $4,010 $4,010
4 $0 $4,167 $4,167
12.1% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $4 453 $4 453
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $4,308 $4,308
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $4,604
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $4,453 $4,453
NPV
($34,748) 8 $0 $4,759 $4,759
$15,396
9 $0 $4,920 $4,920
$4,604
30 11 $0 $5,262 $5,262
14 $0 $5,820 $5,820
($34,748) 13 $0 $5,628 $5,628
2010 16 $0 $6,325 $6,325
20 18 $0 $6,875 $6,875
Defined 17 $0 $6,594 $6,594
7.19% 20 $0 $7,449 $7,449
2.79% 19 $0 $7,168 $7,168
100% 12 $0 $5,442 $5,442
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,991 0.0%
Space Heating - Gas
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,401,211 0.0%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,655 0.0% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 6 0 1 0 0%
3,698.6 3,700.4 -1.8 0.0%
Space Cooling 903.7 903.3 0.4 0.0%
0.0%
2,401,837 2,401,211
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.6 0.1 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
CFLs
0.0%
2,401,837 2,401,211
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,655
2,991
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,478
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$49
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($772) $0 ($772)
1 $0 $49 $49
Simple Payback Never
($772) 3 $0 $64 $64
4 $0 $50 $50
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $69 $69
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $51 $51
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $54
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $69 $69
NPV
($772) 8 $0 $56 $56
-$577
9 $0 $75 $75
$54
10 11 $0 $62 $62
14 $0 $68 $68
($772) 13 $0 $66 $66
2010 16 $0 $72 $72
20 18 $0 $99 $99
Defined 17 $0 $74 $74
7.19% 20 $0 $82 $82
2.79% 19 $0 $79 $79
100% 12 $0 $83 $83
($1,400)
($1,200)
($1,000)
($800)
($600)
($400)
($200)
$0
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
motor.
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,981 0.4%
Space Heating - Gas
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,396,486 0.2%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,618 0.6% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 409 6 384 7 25 0 6 1%
3,698.6 3,738.3 -39.7 -1.1%
Space Cooling 903.7 903.0 0.6 0.1%
0.2%
2,401,837 2,396,486
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 384.7 25.0 6.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
rate
-0.1%
Financial Assumptions Total 10,477.9 10,492.0 -14.1 -0.1%
2,401,837 2,396,486
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,618
2,981
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,492
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,868) $0
1 $0 $410 $410
($2,868)
($2,868) 3 $0 $399 $399
4 $0 $391 $391
7.2% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $403 $403
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $426
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $414 $414
NPV
$426
($2,868) 8 $0 $438 $438
$1
9 $0 $451 $451
10 11 $0 $479 $479
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 ($3,775) $464 ($3,310)
($2,868) 13 $0 $509 $509
100% 12 $0 $493 $493
14 $0 $524 $524
2010 16 $0 $548 $548
20 18 $0 $573 $573
Defined 17 $0 $560 $560
7.19% 20 $0 $606 $606
2.79% 19 $0 $585 $585
($4,000)
($3,000)
($2,000)
($1,000)
$0
$1,000
$2,000
$3,000
$4,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
efficiency motor (15 HP capacity). Heating hot water
circulator pump replaced with NEMA premium
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,992 2,989 0.1%
Space Heating - Gas
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,399,712 0.1%
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,648 0.1% MBtu/yr %
Emissions
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
spaces (15 HP capacity). Constant speed, standard
efficiency motor for heating hot water circulator pump
(1 HP capacity).
Pumps 25.5 23.0 2.5 9.8%
HVAC Fans 409 6 406 5 3 1 0 8%
3,698.6 3,701.7 -3.1 -0.1%
Space Cooling 903.7 902.9 0.8 0.1%
0.1%
2,401,837 2,399,712
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 406.5 3.1 0.8%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
Two colder climates can also install a 1HP NEMA
efficiency motor on the hot water heating loop.
- 1 HP NEMA efficiency motor is $531
- 1 HP normal motor is $430
0.0%
2,401,837 2,399,712
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,648
2,989
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,475
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($1,201) $0
1 $0 $167 $167
($1,201)
($1,201) 3 $0 $171 $171
4 $0 $173 $173
13.9% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $178 $178
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $190
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $184 $184
NPV
$190
($1,201) 8 $0 $196 $196
$660
9 $0 $202 $202
15 11 $0 $215 $215
($388) 13 $0 $229 $229
100% 12 $0 $222 $222
14 $0 $237 $237
2010 16 $0 $253 $253
20 18 $0 $271 $271
Defined 17 $0 $262 $262
7.19% 20 $0 $290 $290
2.79% 19 $0 $280 $280
($1,500)
($1,000)
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
20.5%
As detailed in individual measures Pumps 25.5 25.2 0.3 1.2%
HVAC Fans 409 6 398 1 11 5 2 8%
Proposed Modifications Space Cooling 903.7 692.6 211.0 23.4%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,402,117 1,910,501 20.5%
2,992 2,308 22.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 4,889 26.6%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2,402,117
1,910,501
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
individual measure.
14.6%
Receptacles - Gas 421.8 277.1 144.7 34.3%
HVAC Fans 409.6 398.1 11.5 2.8%
2,402,117
1,910,501
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
4,889
2,308
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,480
8,951
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $47,575 $48,964
4 $1,661 $46,106 $47,767
IRR 32.2%
($149,066) 3 $4,325 $45,084 $49,408
1 $1,245 $43,077 $44,322
($149,066) $0 ($149,066)
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
Electricity 336,264 kWh $0.1028 $34,568
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
7.19% 20 $2,578 $78,531 $81,109
2.79% 19 $2,041 $75,709 $77,750
20 18 $6,984 $73,077 $80,061
Defined 17 $1,932 $70,495 $72,427
2010 16 $2,310 $68,026 $70,335
14 $2,186 $63,347 $65,533
N/A 13 $1,731 $61,342 $63,072
N/A 12 ($2,231) $59,419 $57,188
N/A 11 $1,638 $57,519 $59,158
9 $5,099 $53,953 $59,053
($149,066) 8 $1,854 $52,270 $54,124
NPV $375,026
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $49,107 $54,130
$50,655 $52,123
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
22.5%
HVAC Fans 409 6 371 1 38 6 9 4%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,402,117 1,861,191 22.5%
24.8%
4,774 28.3%
Lighting 1,831.3 1,092.6 738.7 40.3% NOX (lb/yr) 2,992 2,250
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658
2,402,117
1,861,191
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
individual measure.
17.0%
Receptacles - Gas 421.8 277.1 144.7 34.3%
HVAC Fans 409.6 371.1 38.6 9.4%
2,402,117
1,861,191
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
4,774
2,250
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,480
8,703
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $52,069 $53,458
4 $1,661 $50,455 $52,116
($188,654) 3 $4,325 $49,290 $53,614
IRR 27.8%
1 $1,245 $47,013 $48,257
($188,654) $0 ($188,654)
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
$36,822
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 358,192 kWh $0.1028
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
7.19% 20 $2,578 $86,218 $88,796
2.79% 19 $2,041 $83,108 $85,149
20 18 $6,984 $80,185 $87,169
Defined 17 $1,932 $77,322 $79,254
2010 16 $2,310 $74,585 $76,894
14 $2,186 $69,400 $71,586
N/A 13 $1,731 $67,196 $68,927
N/A 12 ($2,231) $65,081 $62,850
N/A 11 $1,638 $62,996 $64,635
9 $5,099 $59,077 $64,177
($188,654) 8 $1,854 $57,229 $59,082
NPV $385,518
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $53,751 $58,774
$55,454 $56,922
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Temperate: Replace at End of Lifetime
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
0.6% N/A N/A $13,518
2.4%
Install New or
Replace
0.7%
2.3%
N/A
Immediate
O-04
E-07
E-09 Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Circulation Spaces
$174,645
N/A
1.2 yrs
N/A N/A
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
Simple Payback IRR
Immediate
%
N/A
86.1%
0.6% N/A
% %
$53,834 88.9%
$
E-09
$14,332 E-07 Energy Efficient TVs
Towel/Sheet Program
M-09
W-03
E-07 Energy Efficient Guest Room Refrigerators
Energy Modelling Results Summary Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels Temperate
N/A
Immediate $57,638
E-09
B-04
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modelled existing hotel in the temperate climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may
Temperate
West Palm Beach, FL
Immediate 7.4% N/A N/A
CO2 Reductions
Cost
yrs
$14,754 N/A
Immediate
E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Fixtures
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
M-11 44.6% 2.4 yrs
E-08
$1,418
0.1% NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors 42.9%
$451,482
1.5 yrs 20.5%
2.2 yrs
E-10
22.5% 48.6% 44.5% $462,732
N/A
69.6% 64.5%
Pipe Insulation
34% on natural gas.
Temperate
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
machines
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,346,190 2.3%
2,992 2,921 2.4%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,495 2.4%
Space Cooling 903.7 898.9 4.8 0.5%
HVAC Fans 409 6 408 8 0 9 0 2%
2.3%
Pumps 25.5 25.4 0.1 0.4%
2,401,837
2,346,190
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
34% on natural gas.
HVAC Fans 409.6 408.8 0.9 0.2%
star rating
2.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
2,401,837
2,346,190
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,495
2,921
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,248
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Individual Resource Calculations Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels Temperate
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$5,047
Electricity 30,901 kWh $0.1028 $3,177
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($5,864) $0 ($5,864)
1 $0 $5,047 $5,047
($5,864) 3 $0 $5,337 $5,337
4 $0 $5,491 $5,491
88.9% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5 850 $5 850
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $5,668 $5,668
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $6,039
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5,850 $5,850
NPV
($5,864) 8 $0 $6,234 $6,234
$53,834
9 $0 $6,435 $6,435
$6,039
12 11 $0 $6,865 $6,865
14 $0 $7,566 $7,566
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,325 $7,325
2010 16 $0 $8,150 $8,150
20 18 $0 $8,780 $8,780
Defined 17 $0 $8,459 $8,459
7.19% 20 $0 $9,455 $9,455
2.79% 19 $0 $9,114 $9,114
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,091 ($1,062)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Temperate
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
room.
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,386,252 0.6%
2,992 2,967 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,582 1.1%
Space Cooling 903.7 896.5 7.2 0.8%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 2 0 4 0 1%
0.6%
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837 2,386,252
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.2 0.4 0.1%
discount)
0.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837 2,386,252
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,582
2,967
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,460
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,219
Electricity 14,437 kWh $0.1028 $1,484
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0 $0
1 $0 $1,219 $1,219
$0 3 $0 $1,245 $1,245
4 $0 $1,257 $1,257
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 336 $1 336
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,296 $1,296
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,378
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,336 $1,336
NPV
$0 8 $0 $1,421 $1,421
$14,332
9 $0 $1,465 $1,465
$1,378
10 11 $0 $1,562 $1,562
14 $0 $1,719 $1,719
$0 13 $0 $1,665 $1,665
2010 16 $0 $1,834 $1,834
20 18 $0 $1,956 $1,956
Defined 17 $0 $1,894 $1,894
7.19% 20 $0 $2,096 $2,096
2.79% 19 $0 $2,020 $2,020
100% 12 $0 $1,613 $1,613
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case
room.
Temperate
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,385,794 0.7%
2,992 2,966 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,580 1.2%
Space Cooling 903.7 896.3 7.4 0.8%
HVAC Fans 409 6 409 2 0 4 0 1%
0.7%
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837 2,385,794
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 409.2 0.4 0.1%
0.2%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837 2,385,794
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,580
2,966
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,459
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 14,861 kWh $0.1028 $1,528
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0
1 $0 $1,255 $1,255
$0
$0 3 $0 $1,281 $1,281
4 $0 $1,294 $1,294
N/A IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,334 $1,334
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,419
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,376 $1,376
NPV
$1,419
$0 8 $0 $1,463 $1,463
$14,754
9 $0 $1,509 $1,509
$1,660
12 11 $0 $1,608 $1,608
100% 12 $0 $1,660
14 $0 $1,770 $1,770
$0 13 $0 $1,714 $1,714
2010 16 $0 $1,888 $1,888
20 18 $0 $2,014 $2,014
Defined 17 $0 $1,950 $1,950
7.19% 20 $0 $2,157 $2,157
2.79% 19 $0 $2,080 $2,080
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Temperate
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,224,243 7.4%
2,992 2,703 9.6%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 5,787 13.1%
Space Cooling 903.7 823.9 79.7 8.8%
HVAC Fans 409 6 405 2 4 4 1 1%
7.4%
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 -0.1%
2,401,837
2,224,243
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 405.2 4.4 1.1%
replacement
750 1,000 hours
1.9%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837
2,224,243
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
5,787
2,703
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
10,277
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$13,889
Electricity 165,523 kWh $0.1028 $17,016
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $2,494 $0 $2,494
1 $0 $13,889 $13,889
$2,494 3 $2,709 $14,171 $16,880
4 $0 $14,307 $14,307
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $2 941 $15 212 $18 153
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $14,752 $14,752
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $15,686
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $15,212 $18,153
NPV
$2,494 8 $0 $16,174 $16,174
$174,645
9 $3,194 $16,678 $19,872
$15,686
3 11 $0 $17,777 $17,777
14 $0 $19,562 $19,562
$2,494 13 $0 $18,948 $18,948
2010 16 $0 $20,866 $20,866
20 18 $4,090 $22,252 $26,342
Defined 17 $0 $21,548 $21,548
7.19% 20 $0 $23,837 $23,837
2.79% 19 $0 $22,978 $22,978
100% 12 $3,468 $18,353 $21,821
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
$450,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Temperate
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
24 hours/day.
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,343,176 2.4%
2,992 2,897 3.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,372 4.3%
Space Cooling 903.7 879.1 24.6 2.7%
HVAC Fans 409 6 406 0 3 7 0 9%
2.4%
Pumps 25.5 25.5 0.0 -0.1%
2,401,837
2,343,176
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 406.0 3.7 0.9%
for replacement
entire building
750 1,000 hours
0.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837
2,343,176
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,372
2,897
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,408
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$4,589
Electricity 54,296 kWh $0.1028 $5,582
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $285 $4,589 $4,874
$277 3 $301 $4,685 $4,986
4 $309 $4,731 $5,041
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $5 031 $5 358
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,879 $5,197
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $336 $5,188
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $5,031 $5,358
NPV
$277 8 $345 $5,350 $5,695
$57,638
9 $355 $5,517 $5,871
$5,524
1 11 $375 $5,880 $6,255
14 $407 $6,471 $6,879
$277 13 $396 $6,268 $6,664
2010 16 $430 $6,904 $7,334
20 18 $454 $7,365 $7,819
Defined 17 $442 $7,131 $7,573
7.19% 20 $480 $7,890 $8,370
2.79% 19 $467 $7,606 $8,073
100% 12 $385 $6,071 $6,456
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.7 W/sf.
Temperate
Base Case
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
hours/day.
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,388,301 0.6%
2,992 2,969 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,586 1.1%
Space Cooling 903.7 895.8 7.9 0.9%
HVAC Fans 409 6 408 1 1 5 0 4%
0.6%
Pumps 25.5 25.3 0.2 0.8%
2,401,837 2,388,301
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 408.1 1.5 0.4%
750 1,000 hours
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837 2,388,301
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,586
2,969
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,471
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,055
Electricity 13,642 kWh $0.1028 $1,402
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $0 $1,055 $1,055
$277 3 $301 $1,069 $1,369
4 $0 $1,074 $1,074
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1 141 $1 468
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,107 $1,107
Percent replaced

Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,177
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,141 $1,468
NPV
$277 8 $0 $1,213 $1,213
$13,518
9 $355 $1,250 $1,605
$1,177
3 11 $0 $1,332 $1,332
14 $0 $1,464 $1,464
$277 13 $0 $1,419 $1,419
2010 16 $0 $1,558 $1,558
20 18 $454 $1,656 $2,111
Defined 17 $0 $1,606 $1,606
7.19% 20 $0 $1,771 $1,771
2.79% 19 $0 $1,708 $1,708
100% 12 $385 $1,375 $1,760
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
(1 HP capacity).
Temperate
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 2,399,712 0.1%
2,992 2,989 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 6,648 0.1%
Energy End-Use
Space Cooling 903.7 902.9 0.8 0.1% Proposed Modifications
9.8%
HVAC Fans 409 6 406 5 3 1 0 8%
0.1%
Pumps 25.5 23.0 2.5
2,401,837 2,399,712
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 406.5 3.1 0.8%
0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,401,837 2,399,712
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
6,648
2,989
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478 10,475
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($388) $0
1 $0 $167 $167
($388)
($388) 3 $0 $171 $171
4 $0 $173 $173
44.6% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $178 $178
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $190
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $184 $184
NPV
$190
($388) 8 $0 $196 $196
$1,418
9 $0 $202 $202
$222
15 11 $0 $215 $215
100% 12 $0 $222
14 $0 $237 $237
($388) 13 $0 $229 $229
2010 16 $0 $253 $253
20 18 $0 $271 $271
Defined 17 $0 $262 $262
7.19% 20 $0 $290 $290
2.79% 19 $0 $280 $280
($1,000)
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
$3,000
$3,500
$4,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 1,910,501 20.5%
2,992 2,308 22.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658 4,889 26.6%
HVAC Fans 409 6 398 1 11 5 2 8%
20.5%
2,401,837
1,910,501
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 409.6 398.1 11.5 2.8%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
individual measure.
14.6%
2,401,837
1,910,501
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
4,889
2,308
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
8,951
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 336,264 kWh $0.1028 $34,568
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
($66,784) $0 ($66,784)
IRR 69.6%
($66,784) 3 $4,325 $45,059 $49,383
1 $1,245 $43,054 $44,299
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $47,547 $48,937
4 $1,661 $46,079 $47,740
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $49,079 $54,101
$50,626 $52,094
($66,784) 8 $1,854 $52,239 $54,093
NPV $451,482
9 $5,099 $53,922 $59,021
N/A 11 $1,638 $57,485 $59,124
N/A 13 $1,731 $61,305 $63,036
N/A 12 ($2,231) $59,383 $57,153
14 $2,186 $63,310 $65,496
2010 16 $2,310 $67,985 $70,294
20 18 $6,984 $73,032 $80,016
Defined 17 $1,932 $70,452 $72,384
7.19% 20 $2,578 $78,482 $81,059
2.79% 19 $2,041 $75,662 $77,703
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
NOX (lb/yr) 2,992 2,250
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% SO2 (lb/yr) 6,658
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,401,837 1,861,191 22.5%
24.8%
4,774 28.3%
Lighting 1,831.3 1,092.6 738.7 40.3%
Space Heating - Gas 3,698.6 3,698.7 -0.1 0.0%
25.5 22.7 2.8 10.8% As detailed in individual measures Pumps
HVAC Fans 409 6 371 1 38 6 9 4%
22.5%
2,401,837
1,861,191
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
34.9%
HVAC Fans 409.6 371.1 38.6 9.4%
individual measure.
16.9%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7
2,401,837
1,861,191
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,658
2,992
4,774
2,250
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
10,478
8,703
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 358,192 kWh $0.1028 $36,822
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,037,880 Gals $0.0037 $3,840 0
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
1 $1,245 $46,990 $48,235
($105,560) $0 ($105,560)
($105,560) 3 $4,325 $49,264 $53,589
IRR 48.6%
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $52,042 $53,431
4 $1,661 $50,429 $52,089
N/A MBh $0 6 $5 023 $53 722 $58 745
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $53,722 $58,745
$55,425 $56,892
($105,560) 8 $1,854 $57,198 $59,052
NPV $462,732
($39,670) $60,964 $21,293
9 $5,099 $59,046 $64,145
14 $2,186 $69,363 $71,549
13 $1,731 $67,160 $68,891
2010 16 $2,310 $74,543 $76,853
20 18 $6,984 $80,139 $87,123
Defined 17 $1,932 $77,279 $79,211
7.19% 20 $2,578 $86,169 $88,746
2.79% 19 $2,041 $83,061 $85,102
N/A
N/A 12 ($2,231) $65,046 $62,815
N/A 11 $1,638 $62,963 $64,601
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Cold-Alpine: Install or Replace Immediately
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
Energy Modelling Results Summary Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels Cold-Alpine
$4,898
0.5% 3.7%
% %
$20,025
$110,952
12.7%
1494.0% 1401.0%
0.5% 383.2%
O-04
E-07
Towel/Sheet Program
Install New or
Replace
378.9% $14,487
45.7% $65,261
25.2% $20,898
18.6% $31,938
0.1%
2.0%
Immediate
7.6 yrs
IRR
> 20 yrs
%
N/A
CO2 Reductions
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
Simple Payback
E-07 7.6 yrs Energy Efficient Guest Room Refrigerators
M-09
W-03
2.2 yrs
B-04 Use of Building Appropriate Materials
Meet IPC 2006 Maximum Flow Rates 1.6%
0.3 yrs
1.3 yrs 1.6% 78.7% E-10 Occupancy Sensors in Corridors for Decorative Fixtures
0.5%
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modeled existing hotel in the cold-alpine climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may
Cold/Dry
West Palm Beach, FL
0.3 yrs 5.8% 456.6% 453.3% $153,760
0.1 yrs $54,055
N/A
11.9%
N/A
12.6%
$
($15,073)
yrs
2.0%
Cost
13.3%
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
E-09
E-09
E-09
48.7%
3.8 yrs 1.3%
77.5% $36,488
26.1%
5 yrs 2.7% 19.6%
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
9.8%
($1,335)
Occupancy Sensors in Offices 0.0% N/A 6.3% ($576)
Variable Frequency Drives Never 0.2% N/A
Never
9.1%
7.8% 10 yrs 0.1%
10 yrs 1.3%
$50
11.1%
E-10
8.5% $5,631
M-11
E-08 Pipe Insulation
Individual Resource Calculations Install or Replace Immediately Existing Hotels Cold-Alpine
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
419 0
0.0
1,828.7
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Lighting
0.0
-0.2%
772.8
0.0
1,828.7
HVAC Fans
Heat Rejection
6,461
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.1%
0.2%
NOX (lb/yr)
419 0 0 0
Operations
7,112.3 7,117.4 -5.1 -0.1%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.0 0.0%
28.8
Energy End-Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
3,249
28.8
0 0%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,784,423 0.1%
Base Case
-0.1
0.0 0.0
3,245 0.1%
%
0.0%
MBtu/yr
0.0%
770.4 2.4 0.3%
0.0
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472
2,787,041 2,784,423
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
419.0
0.0%
5.9 0.0%
2,322.8 2,322.9 Base Utilities - Gas
laundry detergent
14,060.0 Financial Assumptions
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 421.8 4.0 0.9%
HVAC Fans
14,054.1
419.0 0.0
Total
0.0%
-0.1 0.0%
2,787,041 2,784,423
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,461
3,245
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,054
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Operations
$1 428
$1,389
$1,315
$1,279
$1,245
Water & sewer
Natural gas
2,075 Electricity
25,920
-12
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Financial Table
kWh
$10 582
$7,979
$9 154
-$11
$213
Loss (-)
Gals
therms
$0.0037
$0.9000
$0.1028
Unit Cost
N/A
N/A
2
$0
$8,430
$0
$8,201
$10,295
$10,016
$9,745
$9,224
$9,481
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
6
$0
IRR
MBh
tons $0 $8,906
$8,664
5
4
3
$1,352
Immediate
N/A
N/A
1
0 $96
Simple Payback
$0 $0
$7,979
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A $0 $1,468
$1,428 $10,582 $9,154 N/A $0
$0
1
20
19
18
17 Defined
20
2010
100%
$1,211 $1,731
$1,638 $10,501
$13,549
$13,082
$12,728
$12,383
$1,986
11
$2,041 $15,123 2.79%
Financial Analysis
$1,684
$1,779
$11,721
$14,713
7.19%
$11,094
$14,315
$13,927
13
$2,098 $13,447 $15,544
$9,409 $10,876
$10,794
8
7
6
$9,671 $1,509
10
9
12
$1,551
$10,217
$9,940
$1,594
16
15
$12,047
14
$1,879
$11,403 $13,182
$1,932
$1,828
$12,140
$11,811
$11,491
$11,179
$12,478
$12,825
NPV
cfm
MBh
$110,952
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,730,876 2.0%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
machines
3,249 3,177 2.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,308 2.5%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 766.0 6.8 0.9%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
2.0%
Pumps 28.8 29.0 -0.2 -0.6%
HVAC Fans 419 0 419 0 0 1 0 0%
34% on natural gas.
2,787,041
2,730,876
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
99.7 8.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
HVAC Fans 419.0 419.0 0.1 0.0%
Receptacles - Elec 1,149.8 1,050.1
star rating
1.7%
34% on natural gas.
2,787,041
2,730,876
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,308
3,177
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
13,827
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$5,088
Electricity 31,168 kWh $0.1028 $3,204
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($42,658) $0 ($42,658)
1 $0 $5,088 $5,088
($42,658) 3 $0 $5,381 $5,381
4 $0 $5,536 $5,536
12.6% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5 899 $5 899
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $5,714 $5,714
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $6,089
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5,899 $5,899
NPV
($42,658) 8 $0 $6,285 $6,285
$20,025
9 $0 $6,488 $6,488
$6,089
12 11 $0 $6,922 $6,922
14 $0 $7,628 $7,628
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,385 $7,385
17 $0 $8,530 $8,530
2010 16 $0 $8,218 $8,218
$8,854
7.19% 20 $0 $9,534 $9,534
2.79% 19 $0 $9,190 $9,190
Defined
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,150 ($1,004)
20 18 $0 $8,854
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,772,836 0.5%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
room.
3,249 3,225 0.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,398 1.1%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 767.3 5.5 0.7%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.5%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 418 6 0 4 0 1%
2,787,041 2,772,836
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
41.7 3.6%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 418.6 0.4 0.1%
discount)
0.1%
2,787,041 2,772,836
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,398
3,225
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,050
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,109
Electricity 13,944 kWh $0.1028 $1,433
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($30,000) $0 ($30,000)
1 $0 $1,109 $1,109
Simple Payback > 20 yrs
($30,000) 3 $0 $1,126 $1,126
4 $0 $1,133 $1,133
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 204 $1 204
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,168 $1,168
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,242
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,204 $1,204
NPV
($30,000) 8 $0 $1,280 $1,280
-$15,073
9 $0 $1,320 $1,320
$1,242
10 11 $0 $1,406 $1,406
14 $0 $1,547 $1,547
$0 13 $0 $1,498 $1,498
17 $0 $1,699 $1,699
2010 16 $0 $1,647 $1,647
$1,753
7.19% 20 $0 $1,875 $1,875
2.79% 19 $0 $1,808 $1,808
Defined
100% 12 $0 $1,451 $1,451
20 18 $0 $1,753
($35,000)
($30,000)
($25,000)
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,772,418 0.5%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
room.
3,249 3,224 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,396 1.2%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 767.1 5.7 0.7%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.5%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 418 6 0 4 0 1%
2,787,041 2,772,418
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
42.9 3.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 418.6 0.4 0.1%
0.1%
2,787,041 2,772,418
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,396
3,224
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,049
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 14,355 kWh $0.1028 $1,476
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($9,000) $0
1 $0 $1,141 $1,141
($9,000)
($9,000) 3 $0 $1,159 $1,159
4 $0 $1,167 $1,167
13.3% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,203 $1,203
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,278
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,240 $1,240
NPV
$1,278
($9,000) 8 $0 $1,318 $1,318
$4,898
9 $0 $1,358 $1,358
11 $0 $1,447 $1,447
14 $0 $1,592 $1,592
$0 13 $0 $1,542 $1,542
2010 16 $0 $1,695 $1,695
20 18 $0 $1,804 $1,804
Defined 17 $0 $1,749 $1,749
7.19% 20 $0 $1,931 $1,931
2.79% 19 $0 $1,861 $1,861
100% 12 $0 $1,494 $1,494
12
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,624,952 5.8%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
3,249 2,977 8.4%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 5,630 13.0%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 711.5 61.3 7.9%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
5.8%
Pumps 28.8 28.9 -0.1 -0.3%
HVAC Fans 419 0 414 5 4 5 1 1%
2,787,041
2,624,952
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 414.5 4.5 1.1%
replacement
750 1,000 hours
0.8%
2,787,041
2,624,952
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
5,630
2,977
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 13,948
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$12,647
Electricity 160,112 kWh $0.1028 $16,460
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,790) $0 ($2,790)
1 $0 $12,647 $12,647
($2,790) 3 $2,709 $12,832 $15,541
4 $0 $12,916 $12,916
456.6% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $2 941 $13 726 $16 667
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $13,315 $13,315
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $14,149
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $13,726 $16,667
NPV
($2,790) 8 $0 $14,586 $14,586
$153,760
9 $3,194 $15,036 $18,230
$14,149
3 11 $0 $16,021 $16,021
14 $0 $17,621 $17,621
$2,494 13 $0 $17,071 $17,071
17 $0 $19,349 $19,349
2010 16 $0 $18,756 $18,756
$24,049
7.19% 20 $0 $21,353 $21,353
2.79% 19 $0 $20,588 $20,588
Defined
100% 12 $3,468 $16,538 $20,006
20 18 $4,090 $19,960
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,731,479 2.0%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
24 hours/day.
3,249 3,158 2.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,196 4.3%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 753.6 19.2 2.5%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
2.0%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 416 4 2 6 0 6%
2,787,041
2,731,479
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 416.4 2.6 0.6%
for replacement
entire building
750 1,000 hours
0.4%
2,787,041
2,731,479
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,196
3,158
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,002
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$4,343
Electricity 52,404 kWh $0.1028 $5,387
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $285 $4,343 $4,628
($310) 3 $301 $4,427 $4,728
4 $309 $4,466 $4,776
1494.0% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4 748 $5 075
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,605 $4,923
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $336 $4,896
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4,748 $5,075
NPV
($310) 8 $345 $5,048 $5,393
$54,055
9 $355 $5,205 $5,560
$5,232
1 11 $375 $5,548 $5,923
14 $407 $6,104 $6,511
$277 13 $396 $5,913 $6,309
17 $442 $6,720 $7,162
2010 16 $430 $6,508 $6,938
$7,392
7.19% 20 $480 $7,430 $7,910
2.79% 19 $467 $7,163 $7,630
Defined
100% 12 $385 $5,727 $6,113
20 18 $454 $6,938
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,772,012 0.5%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
hours/day.
3,249 3,224 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,397 1.2%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 760.9 11.9 1.5%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.5%
Pumps 28.8 29.1 -0.3 -1.1%
HVAC Fans 419 0 418 9 0 2 0 0%
0.7 W/sf.
2,787,041 2,772,012
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 418.9 0.2 0.0%
750 1,000 hours
0.1%
2,787,041 2,772,012
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,397
3,224
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,045
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,175
Electricity 14,274 kWh $0.1028 $1,467
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($310) $0 ($310)
1 $0 $1,175 $1,175
($310) 3 $301 $1,196 $1,497
4 $0 $1,207 $1,207
383.2% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1 283 $1 610
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,244 $1,244
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,323
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,283 $1,610
NPV
($310) 8 $0 $1,364 $1,364
$14,487
9 $355 $1,406 $1,761
$1,323
3 11 $0 $1,498 $1,498
14 $0 $1,649 $1,649
$277 13 $0 $1,597 $1,597
17 $0 $1,814 $1,814
2010 16 $0 $1,757 $1,757
$2,327
7.19% 20 $0 $2,005 $2,005
2.79% 19 $0 $1,933 $1,933
Defined
100% 12 $385 $1,547 $1,932
20 18 $454 $1,873
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,742,756 1.6%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
3,249 3,176 2.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,252 3.4%
MBtu/yr %
h i d
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 757.4 15.4 2.0%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
1.6%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 416 9 2 2 0 5%
2,787,041
2,742,756
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
when unoccupied.
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 416.9 2.2 0.5%
building
extended lifetime)
CFLs
0.3%
2,787,041
2,742,756
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,252
3,176
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,014
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 41,761 kWh $0.1028 $4,293
Cash Flow
($4,825)
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($4,825) $0
($4,825) 3 $0 $3,824 $3,824
1 $0 $3,741 $3,741
4 $0 $3,863 $3,863
78.7% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $3,983 $3,983
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $4,232
N/A MBh $0 6
($4,825) 8 $0 $4,363 $4,363
$36,488
$0 $4,105 $4,105
NPV
$4,232
9 $0 $4,497 $4,497
14 $0 $5,265 $5,265
2010 16 $0 $5,610 $5,610
20 18 $0 $5,976 $5,976
Defined 17 $0 $5,790 $5,790
7.19% 20 $0 $6,393 $6,393
2.79% 19 $0 $6,168 $6,168
100% 12 $0 $4,943 $4,943
10 11 $0 $4,790 $4,790
($4,825) 13 $0 $5,102 $5,102
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
0 5 10 15 20 N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,751,084 1.3%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
3,249 3,218 0.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,454 0.3%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 765.6 7.2 0.9%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
1.3%
Pumps 28.8 27.5 1.3 4.6%
HVAC Fans 419 0 415 9 3 1 0 7%
spaces.
2,787,041
2,751,084
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 415.9 3.1 0.7%
2.0%
2,787,041
2,751,084
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,454
3,218
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
13,779
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$2,912
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($11,540) $0 ($11,540)
1 $0 $2,912 $2,912
($11,540) 3 $0 $3,209 $3,209
4 $0 $3,369 $3,369
26.1% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $3,486 $3,486
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $3,732
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $3,607 $3,607
NPV
$3,732
($11,540) 8 $0 $3,861 $3,861
$20,898
9 $0 $3,995 $3,995
10 11 $0 $4,278 $4,278
14 $0 $4,740 $4,740
($11,540) 13 $0 $4,580 $4,580
2010 16 $0 $5,184 $5,184
Defined 17 $0 $5,421 $5,421
$4,426
7.19% 20 $0 $6,166 $6,166
2.79% 19 $0 $5,930 $5,930
20 18 $0 $5,670 $5,670
100% 12 $0 $4,426
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,711,853 2.7%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
74F (heating).
3,249 3,173 2.3%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,365 1.7%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 701.8 71.0 9.2%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
2.7%
Pumps 28.8 28.9 -0.2 -0.5%
HVAC Fans 419 0 420 3 1 2 0 3%
72F (heating).
2,787,041
2,711,853
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 420.3 -1.2 -0.3%
3.4%
2,787,041
2,711,853
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,365
3,173
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
13,579
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$6,044
Electricity 20,390 kWh $0.1028 $2,096
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($32,550) $0 ($32,550)
1 $0 $6,044 $6,044
($32,550) 3 $0 $6,560 $6,560
4 $0 $6,836 $6,836
19.6% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $7 309 $7 309
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $7,069 $7,069
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $7,558
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $7,309 $7,309
NPV
($32,550) 8 $0 $7,815 $7,815
$31,938
9 $0 $8,081 $8,081
$7,558
15 11 $0 $8,645 $8,645
14 $0 $9,567 $9,567
($32,550) 13 $0 $9,249 $9,249
17 $0 $10,869 $10,869
2010 16 $0 $10,416 $10,416
$11,342
7.19% 20 $0 $12,302 $12,302
2.79% 19 $0 $11,836 $11,836
Defined
100% 12 $0 $8,942 $8,942
20 18 $0 $11,342
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,741,609 1.6%
3,249 3,214 1.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,472 0.0%
Space Cooling 772.8 772.8 0.0 0.0%
1.6%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 419 0 0 0 0 0%
Base Case
2,787,041
2,741,609
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 419.0 0.0 0.0%
shower heads
2.8%
2,787,041
2,741,609
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,472
3,214
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
13,671
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$6,883
Water & sewer 838,836 Gals $0.0037 $3,104 0 ($15,053) $0 ($15,053)
1 $0 $6,883 $6,883
($15,053) 3 $0 $7,473 $7,473
4 $0 $7,788 $7,788
48.7% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $8 292 $8 292
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $8,036 $8,036
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
($3,428)
100%
15
($11,625)
100%
10
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $8,556
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $8,292 $8,292
NPV
9 $0 $9,110 $9,110
$8,556
8 $0 $8,829 $8,829
$65,261
11 $0 $9,700 $9,700
14 $0 $10,659 $10,659
13 $0 $10,329 $10,329
2010 16 $0 $11,503 $11,503
$12,419
Defined 17 $0 $11,952 $11,952
($15,053)
7.19% 20 $0 $13,357 $13,357
2.79% 19 $0 $12,905 $12,905
20 18 $0 $12,419
12 $0 $10,010 $10,010
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
$180,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,750,333 1.3%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Insulation on heating hot water and domestic hot water
piping is assumed to be of mixed thickness and
condition, equivalent to 0.5 inch thick fibreglass
insulation.
3,249 3,210 1.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,412 0.9%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 734.0 38.8 5.0%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
1.3%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 419 0 0 0 0 0%
Fibreglass insulation installed on all heating hot water
and domestic hot water piping. 2 inch thickness for
2,787,041
2,750,333
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 419.0 0.0 0.0%
jacket
- Cold climates insulation on hot water pipes and
HVAC heating pipes
1.6%
for smaller piping. All domestic hot water insulation is
1 inch thick.
2,787,041
2,750,333
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,412
3,210
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
13,836
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$2,946
Electricity 11,377 kWh $0.1028 $1,170
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($34,748) $0 ($34,748)
1 $0 $2,946 $2,946
($34,748) 3 $0 $3,187 $3,187
4 $0 $3,315 $3,315
9.1% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $3 544 $3 544
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $3,428 $3,428
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $3,664
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $3,544 $3,544
NPV
($34,748) 8 $0 $3,788 $3,788
$5,631
9 $0 $3,916 $3,916
$3,664
30 11 $0 $4,189 $4,189
14 $0 $4,634 $4,634
($34,748) 13 $0 $4,481 $4,481
17 $0 $5,257 $5,257
2010 16 $0 $5,040 $5,040
$5,482
7.19% 20 $0 $5,943 $5,943
2.79% 19 $0 $5,718 $5,718
Defined
100% 12 $0 $4,332 $4,332
20 18 $0 $5,482
($40,000)
($30,000)
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,786,416 0.0%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
3,249 3,247 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,469 0.1%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Heating - Gas 7,112.3 7,114.0 -1.7 0.0%
Space Cooling 772.8 772.3 0.5 0.1%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.0%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 419 0 0 0 0 0%
2,787,041 2,786,416
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 419.0 0.0 0.0%
CFLs
0.0%
2,787,041 2,786,416
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,469
3,247
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,060
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$49
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($772) $0 ($772)
1 $0 $49 $49
($772) 3 $0 $64 $64
4 $0 $50 $50
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $69 $69
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $51 $51
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $55
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $69 $69
NPV
($772) 8 $0 $56 $56
-$576
9 $0 $75 $75
$55
10 11 $0 $62 $62
14 $0 $68 $68
($772) 13 $0 $66 $66
2010 16 $0 $72 $72
Defined 17 $0 $75 $75
7.19% 20 $0 $82 $82
2.79% 19 $0 $79 $79
20 18 $0 $99 $99
100% 12 $0 $83 $83
($1,400)
($1,200)
($1,000)
($800)
($600)
($400)
($200)
$0
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,782,795 0.2%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
3,249 3,238 0.3%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,429 0.7%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 773.3 -0.5 -0.1%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.2%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 390 6 28 4 6 8%
motor.
2,787,041 2,782,795
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 390.6 28.4 6.8%
rate
-0.2%
Financial Assumptions Total 14,060.0 14,088.9 -28.9 -0.2%
2,787,041 2,782,795
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,429
3,238
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,089
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($2,868) $0
1 $0 $318 $318
($2,868)
($2,868) 3 $0 $291 $291
4 $0 $276 $276
N/A IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $283 $283
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $297
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $290 $290
NPV
$297
($2,868) 8 $0 $304 $304
-$1,335
9 $0 $312 $312
10 11 $0 $330 $330
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 ($3,775) $321 ($3,454)
14 $0 $358 $358
($2,868) 13 $0 $349 $349
2010 16 $0 $364 $364
20 18 $0 $369 $369
Defined 17 $0 $367 $367
7.19% 20 $0 $382 $382
2.79% 19 $0 $370 $370
100% 12 $0 $339 $339
($4,000)
($3,500)
($3,000)
($2,500)
($2,000)
($1,500)
($1,000)
($500)
$0
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Base Case Proposed
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,785,525 0.1%
Cold-Alpine
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
3,249 3,246 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,464 0.1%
MBtu/yr %
Emissions
Space Cooling 772.8 772.2 0.6 0.1%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
0.1%
Pumps 28.8 27.4 1.4 4.7%
HVAC Fans 419 0 415 7 3 4 0 8%
(1 HP capacity).
2,787,041 2,785,525
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.0 0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
HVAC Fans 419.0 415.7 3.4 0.8%
0.0%
2,787,041 2,785,525
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,464
3,246
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,060
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($1,201) $0
1 $0 $118 $118
($1,201)
($1,201) 3 $0 $119 $119
4 $0 $120 $120
7.8% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $123 $123
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $131
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $127 $127
NPV
$131
($1,201) 8 $0 $135 $135
$50
9 $0 $139 $139
15 11 $0 $148 $148
14 $0 $163 $163
($388) 13 $0 $158 $158
2010 16 $0 $173 $173
20 18 $0 $184 $184
Defined 17 $0 $178 $178
7.19% 20 $0 $197 $197
2.79% 19 $0 $190 $190
100% 12 $0 $153 $153
($1,500)
($1,000)
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,181 2,295,019 17.7%
3,249 2,570 20.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 4,740 26.8%
HVAC Fans 419 0 407 1 11 9 2 9%
17.7%
2,787,181
2,295,019
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 407.1 11.9 2.9%
Receptacles - Gas 421.8 277.1 144.7 34.3%
individual measure.
11.3%
2,787,181
2,295,019
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
4,740
2,570
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,061
12,472
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 329,316 kWh $0.1028 $33,854
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,029,194 Gals $0.0037 $3,808 0
($149,066) $0 ($149,066)
IRR 32.2%
($149,066) 3 $4,325 $45,177 $49,501
1 $1,245 $43,111 $44,356
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $47,707 $49,096
4 $1,661 $46,231 $47,892
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $49,246 $54,269
$50,802 $52,270
($149,066) 8 $1,854 $52,425 $54,279
NPV $376,544
9 $5,099 $54,116 $59,216
N/A 11 $1,638 $57,698 $59,337
N/A 13 $1,731 $61,538 $63,269
N/A 12 ($2,231) $59,606 $57,375
14 $2,186 $63,553 $65,739
2010 16 $2,310 $68,278 $70,587
20 18 $6,984 $73,381 $80,365
Defined 17 $1,932 $70,772 $72,704
7.19% 20 $2,578 $78,880 $81,458
2.79% 19 $2,041 $76,042 $78,083
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,181 2,257,657 19.0%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
%
4,645 28.2%
Lighting 1,828.7 1,090.1 738.7 40.4% NOX (lb/yr) 3,249 2,525
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr MBtu/yr SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472
22.3%
HVAC Fans 419 0 378 0 41 0 9 8%
19.0%
2,787,181
2,257,657
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 378.0 41.0 9.8%
Receptacles - Gas 421.8 277.1 144.7 34.3%
individual measure.
12.6%
2,787,181
2,257,657
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
4,645
2,525
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,061
12,296
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 347,367 kWh $0.1028
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,029,194 Gals $0.0037 $3,808 0
$35,709
1 $1,245 $46,089 $47,333
($188,654) $0 ($188,654)
($188,654) 3 $4,325 $48,347 $52,672
IRR 27.3%
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $51,088 $52,478
4 $1,661 $49,504 $51,165
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $52,740 $57,763
$54,412 $55,880
($188,654) 8 $1,854 $56,154 $58,008
NPV $374,685
9 $5,099 $57,969 $63,069
N/A 11 $1,638 $61,816 $63,454
N/A 13 $1,731 $65,939 $67,669
N/A 12 ($2,231) $63,863 $61,632
14 $2,186 $68,102 $70,288
2010 16 $2,310 $73,201 $75,511
20 18 $6,984 $78,711 $85,695
Defined 17 $1,932 $75,895 $77,826
7.19% 20 $2,578 $84,641 $87,218
2.79% 19 $2,041 $81,587 $83,628
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Cold-Alpine: Replace at End of Lifetime
Install
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Replace
Install
Install
Install
Install
B-04
M-09
0.5%
W-03
2.0%
N/A N/A
E-09
N/A
$13,294
0.5% N/A
Zero Use of Incandescent Lamps in Guest Rooms E-09
E-09
Immediate 5.8% $158,690
E-10
Towel/Sheet Program
1.2 yrs 2.0% $54,351
N/A N/A $15,035
$54,602
N/A E-07
Immediate
N/A
N/A N/A
Immediate
Immediate 0.5%
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
Simple Payback IRR
Immediate
%
N/A
86.8% 89.6%
$
$12,915
Relevant
Action
Group yrs
O-04
E-07 Energy Efficient Appliances
Energy Modelling Results Summary Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels Cold-Alpine
Measure
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modelled existing hotel in the cold-alpine climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a specific building may
Cold/Dry
West Palm Beach, FL
% %
Install New or
Replace
CO2 Reductions
Cost
N/A
Install
Install
Install
Replace
N/A
N/A
NEMA Premium Efficiency Motors
Pipe Insulation E-08
2.2 yrs 19.0% 47.7% 43.7% $452,053
N/A
31.1% 3.3 yrs
M-11
$453,154
1.5 yrs 17.7% 69.7% 64.5%
E-10
0.1% 30.4% M-11 $808
machines
Cold-Alpine
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,730,876 2.0%
3,249 3,177 2.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,308 2.5%
Energy End-Use
-0.6%
HVAC Fans 419 0 419 0 0 1 0 0%
34% on natural gas.
2.0%
Pumps 28.8 29.0 -0.2
2,787,041
2,730,876
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 419.0 0.1 0.0%
34% on natural gas.
star rating
1.7%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 279.4 146.4 34.4%
2,787,041
2,730,876
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,308
3,177
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
13,827
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Individual Resource Calculations Replace at End of Lifetime Existing Hotels Cold-Alpine
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$5,088
Electricity 31,168 kWh $0.1028 $3,204
Water & sewer 164,438 Gals $0.0037 $608 0 ($5,864) $0 ($5,864)
1 $0 $5,088 $5,088
($5,864) 3 $0 $5,381 $5,381
4 $0 $5,536 $5,536
89.6% IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5 899 $5 899
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $5,714 $5,714
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $6,089
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $5,899 $5,899
NPV
($5,864) 8 $0 $6,285 $6,285
$54,351
9 $0 $6,488 $6,488
$6,089
12 11 $0 $6,922 $6,922
14 $0 $7,628 $7,628
($5,864) 13 $0 $7,385 $7,385
2010 16 $0 $8,218 $8,218
20 18 $0 $8,854 $8,854
Defined 17 $0 $8,530 $8,530
7.19% 20 $0 $9,534 $9,534
2.79% 19 $0 $9,190 $9,190
100% 12 ($8,154) $7,150 ($1,004)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
room.
Cold-Alpine
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,772,836 0.5%
3,249 3,225 0.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,398 1.1%
Energy End-Use
0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 418 6 0 4 0 1%
0.5%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0
2,787,041 2,772,836
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 418.6 0.4 0.1%
discount)
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,787,041 2,772,836
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,398
3,225
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,050
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,109
Electricity 13,944 kWh $0.1028 $1,433
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0 $0
1 $0 $1,109 $1,109
$0 3 $0 $1,126 $1,126
4 $0 $1,133 $1,133
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1 204 $1 204
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,168 $1,168
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,242
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,204 $1,204
NPV
$0 8 $0 $1,280 $1,280
$12,915
9 $0 $1,320 $1,320
$1,242
10 11 $0 $1,406 $1,406
14 $0 $1,547 $1,547
$0 13 $0 $1,498 $1,498
2010 16 $0 $1,647 $1,647
20 18 $0 $1,753 $1,753
Defined 17 $0 $1,699 $1,699
7.19% 20 $0 $1,875 $1,875
2.79% 19 $0 $1,808 $1,808
100% 12 $0 $1,451 $1,451
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
room.
Cold-Alpine
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,772,418 0.5%
3,249 3,224 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,396 1.2%
Energy End-Use
0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 418 6 0 4 0 1%
0.5%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0
2,787,041 2,772,418
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 418.6 0.4 0.1%
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,787,041 2,772,418
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,396
3,224
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,049
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity 14,355 kWh $0.1028 $1,476
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $0 $0
1 $0 $1,141 $1,141
$0
$0 3 $0 $1,159 $1,159
4 $0 $1,167 $1,167
N/A IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,203 $1,203
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,278
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $1,240 $1,240
NPV
$1,278
$0 8 $0 $1,318 $1,318
$13,294
9 $0 $1,358 $1,358
$1,494
12 11 $0 $1,447 $1,447
100% 12 $0 $1,494
14 $0 $1,592 $1,592
$0 13 $0 $1,542 $1,542
2010 16 $0 $1,695 $1,695
20 18 $0 $1,804 $1,804
Defined 17 $0 $1,749 $1,749
7.19% 20 $0 $1,931 $1,931
2.79% 19 $0 $1,861 $1,861
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Cold-Alpine
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,624,952 5.8%
3,249 2,977 8.4%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 5,630 13.0%
Energy End-Use
-0.3%
HVAC Fans 419 0 414 5 4 5 1 1%
5.8%
Pumps 28.8 28.9 -0.1
2,787,041
2,624,952
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 414.5 4.5 1.1%
replacement
750 1,000 hours
0.8%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,787,041
2,624,952
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
5,630
2,977
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 13,948
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$12,647
Electricity 160,112 kWh $0.1028 $16,460
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $2,494 $0 $2,494
1 $0 $12,647 $12,647
$2,494 3 $2,709 $12,832 $15,541
4 $0 $12,916 $12,916
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $2 941 $13 726 $16 667
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $13,315 $13,315
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $14,149
N/A MBh $0 6 $2,941 $13,726 $16,667
NPV
$2,494 8 $0 $14,586 $14,586
$158,690
9 $3,194 $15,036 $18,230
$14,149
3 11 $0 $16,021 $16,021
14 $0 $17,621 $17,621
$2,494 13 $0 $17,071 $17,071
2010 16 $0 $18,756 $18,756
20 18 $4,090 $19,960 $24,049
Defined 17 $0 $19,349 $19,349
7.19% 20 $0 $21,353 $21,353
2.79% 19 $0 $20,588 $20,588
100% 12 $3,468 $16,538 $20,006
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
24 hours/day.
Cold-Alpine
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,731,479 2.0%
3,249 3,158 2.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,196 4.3%
Energy End-Use
0.0%
HVAC Fans 419 0 416 4 2 6 0 6%
2.0%
Pumps 28.8 28.8 0.0
2,787,041
2,731,479
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 416.4 2.6 0.6%
for replacement
entire building
750 1,000 hours
0.4%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,787,041
2,731,479
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,196
3,158
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,002
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$4,343
Electricity 52,404 kWh $0.1028 $5,387
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $285 $4,343 $4,628
$277 3 $301 $4,427 $4,728
4 $309 $4,466 $4,776
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4 748 $5 075
N/A tons $0 5 $318 $4,605 $4,923
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $336 $4,896
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $4,748 $5,075
NPV
$277 8 $345 $5,048 $5,393
$54,602
9 $355 $5,205 $5,560
$5,232
1 11 $375 $5,548 $5,923
14 $407 $6,104 $6,511
$277 13 $396 $5,913 $6,309
2010 16 $430 $6,508 $6,938
20 18 $454 $6,938 $7,392
Defined 17 $442 $6,720 $7,162
7.19% 20 $480 $7,430 $7,910
2.79% 19 $467 $7,163 $7,630
100% 12 $385 $5,727 $6,113
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
hours/day.
Cold-Alpine
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,772,012 0.5%
3,249 3,224 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,397 1.2%
Energy End-Use
-1.1%
HVAC Fans 419 0 418 9 0 2 0 0%
0.7 W/sf.
0.5%
Pumps 28.8 29.1 -0.3
2,787,041 2,772,012
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 418.9 0.2 0.0%
750 1,000 hours
0.1%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,787,041 2,772,012
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,397
3,224
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,045
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$1,175
Electricity 14,274 kWh $0.1028 $1,467
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 $277 $0 $277
1 $0 $1,175 $1,175
$277 3 $301 $1,196 $1,497
4 $0 $1,207 $1,207
N/A IRR
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1 283 $1 610
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $1,244 $1,244
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $1,323
N/A MBh $0 6 $327 $1,283 $1,610
NPV
$277 8 $0 $1,364 $1,364
$15,035
9 $355 $1,406 $1,761
$1,323
3 11 $0 $1,498 $1,498
14 $0 $1,649 $1,649
$277 13 $0 $1,597 $1,597
2010 16 $0 $1,757 $1,757
20 18 $454 $1,873 $2,327
Defined 17 $0 $1,814 $1,814
7.19% 20 $0 $2,005 $2,005
2.79% 19 $0 $1,933 $1,933
100% 12 $385 $1,547 $1,932
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
(1 HP capacity).
Cold-Alpine
Base Case
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,785,525 0.1%
3,249 3,246 0.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 6,464 0.1%
Energy End-Use
4.7%
HVAC Fans 419 0 415 7 3 4 0 8%
0.1%
Pumps 28.8 27.4 1.4
2,787,041 2,785,525
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 415.7 3.4 0.8%
0.0%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 425.8 0.0 0.0%
2,787,041 2,785,525
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
6,464
3,246
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060 14,060
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 0 Gals $0.0037 $0 0 ($388) $0
1 $0 $118 $118
($388)
($388) 3 $0 $119 $119
4 $0 $120 $120
31.1% IRR
N/A tons $0 5 $0 $123 $123
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $0 $131
N/A MBh $0 6 $0 $127 $127
NPV
$131
($388) 8 $0 $135 $135
$808
9 $0 $139 $139
$153
15 11 $0 $148 $148
100% 12 $0 $153
14 $0 $163 $163
($388) 13 $0 $158 $158
2010 16 $0 $173 $173
20 18 $0 $184 $184
Defined 17 $0 $178 $178
7.19% 20 $0 $197 $197
2.79% 19 $0 $190 $190
($1,000)
($500)
$0
$500
$1,000
$1,500
$2,000
$2,500
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,295,019 17.7%
3,249 2,570 20.9%
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,472 4,740 26.8%
HVAC Fans 419 0 407 1 11 9 2 9%
17.7%
2,787,041
2,295,019
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 419.0 407.1 11.9 2.9%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
individual measure.
11.3%
2,787,041
2,295,019
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
4,740
2,570
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
12,472
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 329,316 kWh $0.1028 $33,854
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,029,194 Gals $0.0037 $3,808 0
($66,784) $0 ($66,784)
IRR 69.7%
($66,784) 3 $4,325 $45,164 $49,488
1 $1,245 $43,100 $44,345
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $47,693 $49,083
4 $1,661 $46,218 $47,879
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $49,232 $54,255
$50,788 $52,255
($66,784) 8 $1,854 $52,409 $54,263
NPV $453,154
9 $5,099 $54,101 $59,200
N/A 11 $1,638 $57,682 $59,320
N/A 13 $1,731 $61,520 $63,251
N/A 12 ($2,231) $59,589 $57,358
14 $2,186 $63,534 $65,720
2010 16 $2,310 $68,257 $70,566
20 18 $6,984 $73,359 $80,343
Defined 17 $1,932 $70,750 $72,682
7.19% 20 $2,578 $78,855 $81,433
2.79% 19 $2,041 $76,018 $78,059
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
19.0%
28.8 26.6 2.2 7.5%
HVAC Fans 419 0 378 0 41 0 9 8%
CO2 (lb/yr) 2,787,041 2,257,657 19.0%
22.3%
4,645 28.2%
Lighting 1,828.7 1,090.1 738.7 40.4%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% SO2 (lb/yr)
Cold-Alpine
NOX (lb/yr) 3,249 2,525
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
6,472
2,787,041
2,257,657
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
individual measure.
12.5%
Receptacles - Gas 425.8 277.1 148.7 34.9%
HVAC Fans 419.0 378.0 41.0 9.8%
2,787,041
2,257,657
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,472
3,249
4,645
2,525
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
14,060
12,296
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A tons $0 5 $1,389 $51,075 $52,464
4 $1,661 $49,491 $51,152
($105,560) 3 $4,325 $48,334 $52,659
IRR 47.7%
1 $1,245 $46,077 $47,322
($105,560) $0 ($105,560)
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
Water & sewer 1,029,194 Gals $0.0037 $3,808 0
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity 347,367 kWh $0.1028 $35,709
$105,560
Percent replaced
Base Year
Valuation Type
Inflation Rate
7.19% 20 $2,578 $84,616 $87,194
2.79% 19 $2,041 $81,564 $83,604
20 18 $6,984 $78,688 $85,672
Defined 17 $1,932 $75,873 $77,805
2010 16 $2,310 $73,181 $75,490
14 $2,186 $68,083 $70,269
N/A 13 $1,731 $65,920 $67,651
N/A 12 ($2,231) $63,845 $61,615
N/A 11 $1,638 $61,799 $63,437
9 $5,099 $57,954 $63,053
($105,560) 8 $1,854 $56,139 $57,993
NPV $452,053
N/A cfm $0 7 $1,468
N/A MBh $0 6 $5,023 $52,726 $57,748
$54,397 $55,865
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Introduction
1
How to Read the Overall Summary Page 3
How to Read the Climate Summary Pages 4
How to Read the Individual ECM Calculation
Sheets
5
Energy Model Assumptions: General 7
Energy Model Assumptions: Financial 9
Climate Data 11
Energy Charts 13
Overall Summary 23
Hot-Humid 24
Arid 54
Temperate 84
Cold-Alpine 118
Introduction
Issued February 1, 2011 1 New Hotels Energy Analysis - Green Engage/Solutions
Green Engage/Soluons for New Hotels contains 55 Level 1
Prerequisite Acons and 15 Level 2 Prerequisite Acons (70
Prerequisites in total). These acons are designed to improve
the sustainable operaons of a hotel across a wide range of
areas including water use, waste management, products and
materials, guest comfort, and parcularly energy use.
In designing a new hotel, there are a number of decisions to
be made about the building and the systems to be put inside
it - decisions that can signicantly impact the energy e ciency
of the hotel. This appendix has been developed to help hotels
make the right design choices for their building type and
climate.
The Energy Charts are a set guidelines covering all aspects of
hotel design, which provide a prescripve path for achieving
energy savings of up to 25% over a typical new hotel.
The Calculaon Sheets contain detailed analysis of the cost and
savings of specic design opons, such as one type of HVAC
system over another, in four dierent climate zones. These
sheets are designed to allow those looking for even greater
savings to quickly and easily weigh up which opon makes the
most sense.
The diagram to the right shows how these sheets t together.
Detailed instrucons on how to read and interpret these sheets
are provided on the following four pages
For informaon on the climate zones, and help determining
which climate zone your hotel is located in, refer to the Global
Climate Map and Climate Data secons.
While the results of this energy analysis are applicable to hotels
in a wide variety of locaons and brands, obviously in the real
world actual results may vary. If you'd like to look in more
detail at how the energy model was created, and determine
whether these assumpons apply to your parcular property,
refer to the Energy Modelling Assumpons secon.
How to Use this Appendix
How to Read the Overall Summary Page
How to Read the Climate Summary Pages
Introduction:
The energy cost associated with operaung a hotel
is dependent upon the buildings layout, climate,
occupancy rate, available faciliues, construcuon
materials, engineering systems, and energy pricing.
Every hotel will have variauons so predicung the energy
savings would require modelling of each hotel.
For this study, a generic hotel, representauve of a
sample IHG Hotel was modelled using Trane Trace. This
is of average size, construcuon, and layout. The model
was run for four dierent climates.
The baseline hotel is of standard construcuon, usage,
and engineering systems as dened by ASHRAE 90.1-
2004, Appendix G. This standard is the minimum
requirements allowed for new buildings in the US and
denes pracuce for calculaung a buildings energy
savings. This is also the acceptable method used by
LEED to dene energy savings required by Energy and
Atmosphere Prerequisite 1 and Credit 1.
The ndings from the energy report are presented in
the prescripuve measures charts. Use of these charts
will allow IHG to build a hotel that is approximately
15% more energy em cient than the ASHRAE 90.1-2004
baseline hotel for buildings similar to those modelled.
Variauons in climate, building geometry, faciliues,
occupancy and building construcuon will produce
dierent energy savings. To fully realise a propertys
energy savings, an energy model should be done for that
specic project.
The following assumpuons were used to create a
baseline hotel for this study.
Climates Modelled:
The model was run in four climate zones, covering the
full range of locauons of IHGs properues. The following
weather data was used to simulate these four zones:
Temperate: New York, New York
Building Geometry:
6 oors consisung of guest rooms only
20 guest rooms on each oor, all with at least one
exterior wall
Each room approximately 45 square meters or 484
square feet
Each oor is square (having equal length exposures
in the north, south, east, and west direcuons)
Exterior walls have 40% glazing and are 60%
opaque
Building Envelope Construction:
Walls are 4 lightweight block with 4 insulauon
Wall insulauon: based on ASHRAE minimum in
following chart
Roof insulauon: based on ASHRAE minimum in
following chart
Climate Zone
Building
Envelope
Component
Hot -
Humid
Arid Temperate
Cold -
Alpine
Roof
Construcuon
R-15.0,
U=0.063
R-15.0,
U=0.063
R-15.0,
U=0.063
R-15.0,
U=0.063
Wall
Construcuon
R-5.7,
U=0.151
R-7.6,
U=0.123
R-9.5,
U=0.104
R-13.3,
U=0.08
Fixed Glazing U=1.22 U=0.57 U=0.57 U=0.57
Operable
Glazing
U=1.27 U=0.67 U=0.67 U=0.67
Glazing SHGC 0.25 0.25 0.39 0.49
The four base models were built with the listed
construcuon and assumpuon. Addiuonal test models were
run with energy em cient electrical systems, improved
mechanical systems and designs, and improved envelope
construcuon. These opuons were used to develop the
Credited Acuons outlined in this report.
Room Loads:
Each room has two people
Each room has a lighung density of 1.0 Waus/square
foot
Each room has an equipment density of 0.5 Waus/
square foot (for TV, laptop, etc.)
Guest Occupancy Schedule:
Midnight 9 AM: 100%
9 AM to 11 AM: 20%
11 AM to 5 PM: 0%
5 PM to Midnight: 100%
Mechanical Systems:
Individual room air-cooled PTACs
Venulauon air delivered directly through the wall
into the room units
Systems can run 24-7, as temperature requires
No central plant (none required for air-cooled
PTACs)
Utilities:
uulity values for electricity and natural gas
were obtained from the US Energy Informauon
Administrauon for the baseline 2008 year across all four
climate zones. These gures are for the commercial
state averages of Florida, Arizona, New York and North
Dakota.
Climate
Zone
Hot &
Humid
Hot &
Dry
Temperate
Cold
Alpine
Electricity
(kWh)
$0.0965 $0.0802 $0.1535 $0.0622
Natural Gas
(therms)
N/A N/A $1.5056 $1.1906
NPV Financial Inputs:
Base year for analysis: 2008
Building Analysis/Study Period : 20 years
Projected average (nominal) fuel escalauon
rate was obtained from the US Department of
Commerce for the commercial end-use sector as an
average for both electricity and natural gas 3.5%
Discount Rate (nominal) 6%
HVAC Plant First Cost Reductions:
Measures might have the impact of reducing (or
increasing) the required size of the HVAC plant. To
determine this capital cost change the following gures
were sourced from RS Means 2008.
Cooling plant costs - $450/ton
Heaung plant costs - $7.55/MBtu
Airside distribuuon costs - $3.5/cfm
Emission Factors:
Emission factors for electricity depend on the state or
country electricity mix. However, for comparison across
climate zones the average emission for CO2, SO2 and
NOX across the US has been used. These gures were
sourced from the EPAs eGRID 2007, the EIA and the
EERE.
Energy Type
CO2
(lb/MWh)
SO2
(lb/MWh)
NOX
(lb/MWh)
Electricity 1,329.35 5.2589 1.9366
Natural Gas 398.31 0 0.2994
Energy Model Assumptions: Financial
Source: Peel et.al. Updated world map of the Koppen-Geiger climate classicauon, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 16331644, 2007
Global Climate Map
Climate Data
Temperate: New York City, New York
Climate Data
New Hotel Energy Charts
Hot & Humid Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
IHG Hotel Benchmark for 15% Energy Performance Improvement over Baseline*
System Component Recommendauon Acuon Group
W
a
t
e
r
Piping Heaung Hot Water Insulauon (d<=1.5/8>d>1.5/d>=8) 1.5 thick, 2 thick/ 2.5 thick, minimum 0.22 K factor E-08
Chilled Water Insulauon (d<=1.5/d>1.5) 1 thick/1.5 thick, minimum 0.22 K factor, vapour barrier E-08
Domesuc Hot Water - Indoors (d<=2/d>2) 1 thick/1.5 thick, minimum 0.22 K factor E-08
Refrigerant Piping Outdoors or in uncondiuoned areas 1.5 thick, minimum 0.22 K factor, vapour barrier E-08
Chilled Water Design Temperatures Use 14 AT for chilled water instead of 12 AT where applicable M-04
Water-cooled System Central plant with cooling water loop and high em ciency equipment M-04
Domesuc Water Laundry equipment High em ciency laundry equipment W-04
Storage Hot Water Heaters - Gas 90% em cient E-08
Instantaneous Water Heaters - Gas 90% em cient E-08
Instantaneous Water Heaters - Electric 90% em cient E-08
Solar Thermal Hot Water Use a solar water heaung system E-08
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g

E
n
v
e
l
o
p
e
Verucal Glazing Window/Wall Rauo Install no more than 40% glazing B-01
Operable Glazing U-Value U=0.5 B-01
Fixed Glazing U-Value U=0.5 B-01
Glazing SHGC SHGC = 0.25 B-01
Roof Insulauon above deck R-20 insulauon, assembly maximum U=0.06 B-02
Metal Building R-20 insulauon, assembly maximum U=0.06 B-02
Am c and other R-38 insulauon, assembly maximum U=0.027 B-02
Roof Reecuvity Albedo of 0.5 or greater B-03
Walls, above grade Mass R-20 insulauon, assembly maximum U=0.06 B-02
Metal Building or Steel Framed R-20 insulauon, assembly maximum U=0.06 B-02
Wood framed R-20 insulauon, assembly maximum U=0.06 B-02
Floors Mass ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer B-02
Steel Framed ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer B-02
Wood framed and other ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer B-02
Slabs Heated R-7.5, F=1.02 B-02
Unheated F=0.73 B-02
Doors Swinging U=0.70 B-02
Non-swinging U=1.45 B-02
Skylights Skylight/Roof Rauo No more than 3% B-01
Glazing Assembly U-Value U=1.17 B-01
Hot & Humid Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
HVAC Systems Water Source Heat Pumps in Guest Rooms 13 SEER/7.7 HSPF, 0.00025 KW/CFM full load energy rate M-03
4 Pipe Fan Coils in Guest Rooms 0.00025 KW/CFM em ciency full load energy rate M-03
Central Air Handling Units (VAV & CV) 13 SEER, 0.00025 KW/CFM-in wg em ciency full load energy rate M-03
VFDs VFDs on all equipment over 5 HP M-11
Economiser Mode in Central Air Handlers ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer M-07
Humidity Control Provide dehumidicauon and humidistats M-01
Venulauon Venulauon Air Delivery Central outside air unit ducted to each room with motorised dampers M-01, M-10, E-06
Demand Venulauon Minimum ow rates when room is unoccupied through use of CO
2
sensors N/A
Ductwork Fricuon in secondary duct work 0.08 w.c./100 maximum N/A
Velocity in primary duct work 2000 FPM maximum N/A
Sealing Seal Class B N/A
Supply Duct Insulauon R-6 N/A
Return Duct Insulauon R-6 N/A
Exterior Duct or Duct in Unvented Am cs Insulauon R-8 N/A
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
Interior Lighung Lower lighung levels 0.9 W/sf overall E-10
Occupancy sensors Occupancy sensors in all mulu- occupancy spaces E-09
Equipment Use compact uorescent bulbs E-10
Ballast Electronic ballast E-10
Dimming Controls Dim Fixtures within 12 of north/south windows or 8 of skylight B-01
Interior Room Surface Reectance Minimum 80% on ceilings, 70% on walls and verucal paruuons E-3
** This outline is based on the ASHRAE Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small Om ce Buildings prescripuve chart, modied by the results of the energy model of the baseline IHG hotel. Baseline
case and modelled case assumpuons are listed in the document Energy Model Assumpuons at the front of this document. Deviauon from the modelled hotel may result in a dierent energy savings
percentage. This chart may not be applicable to exisung hotels due to exisung constraints. If the table list ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer for a component, meet either ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 or
the local code requirements, whichever is more stringent. In the event that local code is more stringent than the benchmark prescripuve, always refer to local code.
Arid Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
System Component Recommendauon N/A
W
a
t
e
r
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g

E
n
v
e
l
o
p
e
Slabs Heated R-7.5, F=1.02 B-02
Unheated F=0.73 B-02
Arid Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
Venulauon Venulauon Air Delivery Central outside air unit ducted to each room with motorised dampers M-01
2
sensors M-01, M-10, E-06
Return Duct Insulauon R-3.5 N/A
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
Dimming Controls Dim Fixtures within 12 of north/south windows or 8 of skylight E-10
Interior Room Surface Reectance Minimum 80% on ceilings, 70% on walls and verucal paruuons B-01
Temperate Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
W
a
t
e
r
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g

E
n
v
e
l
o
p
e
Slabs Heated R-10, 0.78 B-02
Unheated R-10, 0.54 B-02
Temperate Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
2
sensors M-01, M-10, E-06
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
Interior Room Surface Reectance Minimum 80% on ceilings, 70% on walls and verucal paruuons B-01
System Recommendauon Acuon Group
W
a
t
e
r
B
u
i
l
d
i
n
g

E
n
v
e
l
o
p
e
Slabs Heated ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer B-02
Unheated ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer B-02
Cold Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
M
e
c
h
a
n
i
c
a
l
2
sensors M-01, M-10,
E-06
Exterior Duct Insulauon R-8 N/A
E
l
e
c
t
r
i
c
a
l
Interior Room Surface Reectance ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer B-01
percentage. This chart may not be applicable to exisung hotels due to exisung constraints. If the table list ASHRAE 90.1-2004 or beuer for a component, meet either ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 or the
local code requirements, whichever is more stringent. In the event that local code is more stringent than the benchmark prescripuve, always refer to local code.
Cold Climates Energy Chart for Hotels
Calculation Sheets
All Climate Zones Energy Modelling Results Summary New Hotels
The table below summarises the financial performance, in terms of simple payback, for the modeled new hotel in 4 climate zones against various
baseline models. Energy savings for a specific building may vary based on that building's parameters and financial results may also vary based on local
costs and financing structures.
For details regarding each measure and for additional energy and financial performance metrics (CO2 reduction, IRR, first year yield on marginal cost and
NPV) refer to the summary pages and individual calculation pages immediately following this page. For detailed assumptions relating to the energy
model, utilities, emission factors, financial inputs, cost of capital, etc refer to the assumptions section of this book.
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
M-2
Arid Hot/Humid Cold-Alpine
Fargo, ND New York, NY
Temperate
Phoenix, AR
Condenser Water Heat Pump
Optimise Building Insulation
Dedicated outside air unit
yrs
West Palm Beach, FL
Base Case: Identical VAV system but without fan-powered parallel terminal units. Note: FPPs not modelled in hot climates.
M-7
M-7
Base Case: PTAC units with air-cooled unitary cooling and electric resistance heating.
M-7
Heat Recovery
Fan Coil Units
Water Cooled VAV with FPP
Air Cooled VAV with FPP
Water Cooled VAV
Optimise Glazing
Air Cooled VAV M-7
2.8 yrs
2.9 yrs
4.2 yrs
Immediate
Base Case: Best performing HVAC system: water cooled VAV system
3.4 yrs
19 yrs
B-1
B-3
M-13
Demand Ventilation
M-9
M-12
M-13
Water-Cooled Chiller
Evaporative Cooling
Thermal Storage
Economiser Modes
M-2
M-3
M-4
M-7
M-7
Simple Payback
Immediate
> 20 yrs
5.2 yrs
6.9 yrs
Simple Payback
yrs
Simple Payback
yrs
Simple Payback
yrs
4.9 yrs
> 20 yrs
1.2 yrs
3.7 yrs
> 20 yrs
20 yrs
6.7 yrs
5.5 yrs
N/A
Immediate
> 20 yrs
6.6 yrs
8.3 yrs
10 yrs
5.9 yrs
7 yrs
12 yrs
1.7 yrs
5.3 yrs
17 yrs
Never
4.9 yrs
12 yrs
5.2 yrs
3.3 yrs
5.3 yrs
6.5 yrs
3 yrs
Immediate
2.2 yrs
11 yrs
3.3 yrs
3.3 yrs
2.5 yrs
3 yrs
11 yrs
> 20 yrs
11 yrs
7.2 yrs
8.3 yrs
4.9 yrs
4 yrs
Never
11 yrs
6.8 yrs
Immediate
2 yrs
2.1 yrs
2.1 yrs
5.2 yrs
5 yrs
Hot-Humid
M-9
M-12
M-13
Water-Cooled Chiller
Evaporative Cooling
B-1
B-3
M-2
M-3
M-4
Heat Recovery
26.5%
($9,546)
$14,076
Demand Ventilation
2.1%
20 yrs
CO2 Reductions
Cost
13.2% 22.9%
($12,984)
$11,463
23.1% 13.1%
17.9%
$17,040
20.6%
% %
$134,306
$214,692
$271,005
Fan Coil Units
Water Cooled VAV with FPP
11.7%
1.2%
3.7 yrs
1.2 yrs
> 20 yrs
N/A
2.4%
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
26.0%
29.7%
87.5%
N/A
3.6%
0.5%
0.1%
84.0%
3.2%
4.2 yrs
0.8%
0.1%
22.1% 19.4%
M-2
yrs
M-7
M-7
M-7
M-7 Air Cooled VAV
Condenser Water Heat Pump
Optimise Building Insulation
Dedicated outside air unit
> 20 yrs
26.4%
19.5%
5.5 yrs
6.7 yrs
32.1%
> 20 yrs
Immediate
16.9%
13.6%
19.4%
15.6%
$
$153,124
$97,874
($17,545)
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
N/A
Air Cooled VAV with FPP
M-7
M-7
%
15.0%
1.0%
1.3% Immediate
2.3%
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modeled new hotel in the hot-humid climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for
a specific building may vary based on that building's parameters and financial results may also vary based on local costs and financing structures.
For details regarding each measure refer to the individual calculation pages immediately following this page. For detailed assumptions relating to the energy model, utilities, emission
factors, financial inputs, cost of capital, etc refer to the assumptions section of this book.
Note: CO2 reduction percentages closely match both source energy reductions and annual energy savings cost reductions.
Due to different modeling methodologies existing hotel and new hotel CO2 reduction percentages cannot be compared against each other.
The colour key contained below refers solely to simple payback periods.
Hot/Humid
West Palm Beach, FL
Energy Modelling Results Summary New Hotels Hot-Humid
$59,653
$110,938
($11,720)
M-13 4.9 yrs
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
0.0% Thermal Storage
Water Cooled VAV
Optimise Glazing
Economiser Modes
Simple Payback IRR
5.2 yrs
6.9 yrs
As with Base Case, but with improved glazing
properties. SHGC is unchanged, U-value is reduced to
0.5.
VAV system with reheat used for all rooms. Cooling
provided by water-cooled chiller with cooling tower.
Electric resistance heating. Demand ventilation.
Standard ASHRAE construction for climate zone 2.
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
88 7
0.3
1,186.6
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
HVAC Fans
Heat Rejection
N/A
0.8%
NOX (lb/yr)
86 5 2 2 2 5%
CO2 (lb/yr) 840,588 833,459 0.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,297
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.8%
212.2
669.7
0.4
1,186.6
B-1 Optimize Glazing
Base Case
N/A
Energy End-Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Building Envelope
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr
Lighting
Space Heating - Elec 0.1 25.0%
1,225
N/A N/A
Individual Resource Calculations New Hotels Hot-Humid
190.9 21.3
1,214 0.8%
%
0.0%
MBtu/yr
10.0%
675.0 -5.3 -0.8%
0.0
840,588 833,459
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.5.
Assumptions
88.7 HVAC Fans
2,139.3
N/A
Base Utilities
Receptacles N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.8%
18.3 0.8%
N/A N/A
86.5 2.2 2.5%
N/A N/A
2,157.6 Total
840,588 833,459
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,297
1,214
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158 2,139
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cooling Plant Savings ($450/ton)
Heating Plant Savings ($7 55/MBh)
($21,896)
Building Envelope
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
0
5,363
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Financial Table
kWh
$636
$536
$636
$0
$518
Loss (-)
Gals
therms
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Unit Cost
15
202
2
$574
$554
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
($21,896)
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
6
5
4
3
$0
$615
$594
$0
($63,866)
IRR
MBh
tons
2.4%
N/A
$1 527
$615 $6,840
$0
1
0
$594
$574
$536
$554
$21,896
$536
Heating Plant Savings ($7.55/MBh)
Airside Distribution Savings ($3.5/cfm)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
9,601 $33,604 $0
$0 $636 $636 202
($21,896)
20
20
19
18
17 Defined
20
2008
0%
$0 $0
$0 $756
$867
$995
$961
$929
3.50%
$0
11
12
6.00%
$0 $1,030 $1,030
$0 $995
Financial Analysis
$0
$0
$867
$838
$0
$0
$809 $809
8
7
6
$682 $0
10
9 $0
$730
$705
$0
$961
$929
$897 16
15
$897
14
$0
$838
13
$658
$756
$730
$705
$682
$658
$782 $782
-$12,984 NPV
cfm
MBh $1,527
($25,000)
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
212.2
669.7 Space Cooling
1.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1,212 1.0%
As with Base Case, but with the overall wall U-value
reduced to 0.06.
1.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,291 1.0%
88 7
NOX (lb/yr) 1,225
N/A N/A N/A
1,186.6 0.0
1.6%
Space Heating - Gas
0.0% 1,186.6
HVAC Fans
Heat Rejection
Pumps
0.7 -0.3 -75.0%
86 1 2 6 2 9%
202.6
Base Case
Energy Use
0.0
MBtu/yr
Lighting
MBtu/yr
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Building Envelope
0.0 0.0 0.0%
0.4
MBtu/yr %
9.6 4.5%
B-3 Optimize Building Insulation
Base Case
N/A
Energy End-Use
10.4 659.3
CO2 (lb/yr) 840,588 831,900
840,588 831,900
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
1.0%
Assumptions
N/A
88.7
N/A
N/A
1.0%
N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 86.1 2.6 2.9%
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
N/A
N/A
2,157.6 2,135.3 22.3
N/A N/A
840,588 831,900
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,291
1,212
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158 2,135
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Heating Plant Savings ($7 55/MBh) $365
Gals
therms
($12,650)
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
Loss (-)
$2,240 $0
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
0
6,535 $631
Unit Cost
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
Yr.
Financial Table
$724
$699
$653
$676
$699
$676
$653
N/A
6 $2,835
$0
$749
$724 4
3
2
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
48
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
$775 $775
$0
$749
$653
6
5
MBh
tons
$2,240
1
0 $0
Simple Payback
IRR
Immediate
N/A
($2,240)
Building Envelope
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$365
$0
$0
NPV
$921
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
3,340 $11,690
48
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
10
9
3.50%
6.00% $1,212 $1,212 $0
20
19
18
17
16
15
$0 $1,255 $1,255
$1,171
$1,132
$1,094
$1,057
$1,171
$1,132
$0
$1,057
$953 $953
$1,021 $1,021
$0
$1,094 $0
$921
$890
$860
$830
$986
$802
$775
$890
$860
$830
$802
$775
$986
$11,463
$2,240
20 11
14
13
12
Financial Analysis
8
7
6
cfm
MBh
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
N/A
1,186.6 0.0
MBtu/yr
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
Base Case
Energy Use
N/A
1.3%
840,588 829,757 1.3%
1,186.6
Heat Rejection
Pumps
M-2 Dedicated Outside Air Unit
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,283 1.3%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,225 1,209 1.3%
CO2 (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Lighting 0.0%
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
21 1%
Hot-Humid
MBtu/yr %
-5.3%
8.6%
N/A
18 7
-11.3
57.8
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr
212.2
669.7
0.4
N/A
88 7 107 4
Base Case
0.4 0.0 0.0%
Individual Resource Calculations New Hotels
As with Base Case, but including a dedicated outside
air unit.
223.5
611.9
HVAC Fans
840,588 829,757
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
1.3%
2,129.8 27.8 1.3%
N/A N/A N/A
-21.1%
N/A N/A N/A N/A
-18.7 88.7 107.4
Assumptions
HVAC Fans
2,157.6
N/A
N/A
840,588 829,757
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,283
1,209
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158 2,130
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$814
($5,708)
$966 $966
$0
($9,695)
Mechanical
$786
MBh
tons
Immediate
N/A
N/A
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
$902 $0
$872
$842
Simple Payback
Loss (-)
5
4
$0
Financial Table
$814
Resource
3
$934 $934
$902
$872
$0
2
1
6
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$5,708
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
$0
$0
$0
$0
IRR
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
0
8,147
0 $0
$814
-12 ($5,490)
121 $911
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Unit Cost
$842
$5,708
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$1,460
$1,411
$1,317
$1,230
NPV $17,040
$0
$0
$1,460
$1,411
$966
$1,148
$1,109
$1,072
$1,035
$1,000
$966
3.50%
6.00%
20
19
18
17
16
15
$0 $1,564 $1,564
$0 $1,512 $1,512
$0
$1,363 $1,363 $0
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
5,709 $19,982
Financial Analysis
$5,708
20
cfm
MBh
11
14
13
12 $1,188 $1,188
$1,273 $1,273
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$1,148
$1,317
$1,230
$0
$0
$1,109
$1,072
$1,035 $0
$0
$1,000
10
9
8
7
6 121 $911
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Gas-fired boilers provide heating. No demand
ventilation. Standard ASHRAE construction for climate
zone 2.
13.2%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed
N/A
1,186.6 0.0
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
968,180 840,588 13.2%
Heat Rejection
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case Emissions
M-2 Improved Ventilation Air Delivery: Demand Ventilation
As with Base Case, but with demand ventilation.
1,225 13.2%
Environmental Impact Analysis Energy End-Use Benchmark Comparison
Energy End-Use
Lighting
897.0 25.3%
94 7 88 7 6 0
669.7 227.3
0.4 15.1
0.0%
291.3
CO2 (lb/yr)
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,830 3,325 13.2%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,410
97.4%
27.2%
15.5
N/A N/A
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
6 3%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
HVAC Fans
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr
212.2 79.1
968,180
840,588
1,000,000
1,500,000
l
b
/
y
r
13.2%
N/A
Assumptions
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
2,485.1 2,157.6 327.5 13.2%
N/A N/A N/A
94.7 88.7 6.0
N/A N/A
6.3% HVAC Fans
N/A N/A
N/A
968,180
840,588
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,830
1,410
3,325
1,225
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,485
2,158
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Financial Table
95,981
$0
$0
$0
$0
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
MBh
tons
1 $9,586 $0
$0
0 $135
3
Resource
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
Unit Cost
$0 $0
M-2
$11 386 6
5
($41,802)
Improved Ventilation Air Delivery: Demand Ventilation
Cash Flow
$11 386
$11,001
$10,629
$10,269
$9,586
$9,922
($41,802)
4.2 yrs
22.9%
26.0%
$24
($42,000) $10,269 3
4
$11,001
$10,629
IRR
$9,922
Simple Payback
2
0
$41,802
Mechanical
0 $0
$9,262
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0
$0
NPV
cfm
MBh
$0
$11,784
3.50%
6.00% $17,806
$17,204
$17,806
20
19
$0 $18,430 $18,430
$17,204
$0
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
11 $39
3
18
17
16
$0
$0
$13,996
20
$11,386
8
7
6
$13,522
$13,065
$0
$16,060 $0
$0
$0
$14,486
9
$13,522
$13,996
$14,993
$16,623
$0
$16,060
$15,517 $15,517
$14,486
$16,623
$97,874
$13,065
$12,623
$12,196
$11,784
$11,386
15
11
14
13
12
$24
Financial Analysis
$12,623
$12,196 $0
$0
$14,993
$0
10
($41,802)
($100,000)
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
2.3%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed
N/A
1,186.6 0.0
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
840,588 821,303 2.3%
Heat Rejection
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case Emissions
M-3 Heat Recovery
air unit and a ventilation heat recovery unit.
1,196 2.3%
Energy End-Use
Lighting
669.7 12.0%
88 7 115 4 26 7
589.2 80.5
0.2 0.2
0.0%
212.2
CO2 (lb/yr)
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,249 2.3%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,225
50.0%
-2.1%
0.4
N/A N/A
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
30 1%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
HVAC Fans
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr
216.7 -4.5
840,588
821,303
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
2.3%
N/A
Assumptions
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
2,157.6 2,108.1 49.5 2.3%
N/A N/A N/A
88.7 115.4 -26.7
N/A N/A
-30.1% HVAC Fans
N/A N/A
N/A
840,588
821,303
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,249
1,196
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158
2,108
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Financial Table
14,507
$0
$0
$0
$0
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
MBh
tons
1 $1,449 $0
$0
-7 ($3,015)
166
Resource
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
Unit Cost
$0 $0
M-3
$1 721 6
5
($40,597)
Heat Recovery
Cash Flow
$1 721
$1,663
$1,606
$1,552
$1,449
$1,500
($40,597)
20 yrs
3.6%
0.1%
$1 254
($64,337) $1,552 3
4
$1,663
$1,606
IRR
$1,500
Simple Payback
2
0
$40,597
Mechanical
0 $0
$1,400
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0
$0
NPV
cfm
MBh
$0
$1,781
3.50%
6.00% $2,691
$2,600
$2,691
20
19
$0 $2,786 $2,786
$2,600
$0
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
7,286 $25,501
166
18
17
16
$0
$0
$2,115
20
$1,721
8
7
6
$2,044
$1,975
$0
$2,427 $0
$0
$0
$2,189
9
$2,044
$2,115
$2,266
$2,512
$0
$2,427
$2,345 $2,345
$2,189
$2,512
-$17,545
$1,975
$1,908
$1,843
$1,781
$1,721
15
11
14
13
12
$1,254
Financial Analysis
$1,908
$1,843 $0
$0
$2,266
$0
10
($40,597)
($45,000)
($40,000)
($35,000)
($30,000)
($25,000)
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0.1%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed
N/A
1,186.6 0.0
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
840,588 839,848 0.1%
Heat Rejection
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Base Case Emissions
M-4 Economizer Modes
As with Base Case, but with an enthalpy economizer.
1,223 0.1%
Energy End-Use
Lighting
669.7 0.3%
88 7 88 7 0 0
667.8 1.9
0.4 0.0
0.0%
212.2
CO2 (lb/yr)
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,322 0.1%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,225
0.0%
0.0%
0.4
N/A N/A
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0 0%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
HVAC Fans
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr
212.2 0.0
840,588 839,848
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.1%
N/A
Assumptions
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
2,157.6 2,155.7 1.9 0.1%
N/A N/A N/A
88.7 88.7 0.0
N/A N/A
0.0% HVAC Fans
N/A N/A
N/A
840,588 839,848
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,322
1,223
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158 2,156
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
(+) / Loss (-)
Yr.
Financial Table
557
$0
$0
$0
$0
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
MBh
tons
1 $56 $0
$0
0 $0
0
Resource
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
Unit Cost
$0 $0
M-4
$66 6
5
($10,963)
Economizer Modes
Cash Flow
$66
$64
$62
$60
$56
$58
($10,963)
> 20 yrs
0.5%
N/A
$0
($10,963) $60 3
4
$64
$62
IRR
$58
Simple Payback
2
0
$10,963
Mechanical
0 $0
$54
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0
$0
NPV
cfm
MBh
$0
$68
3.50%
6.00% $103
$100
$103
20
19
$0 $107 $107
$100
$0
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
0 $0
0
18
17
16
$0
$0
$81
20
$66
8
7
6
$78
$76
$0
$93 $0
$0
$0
$84
9
$78
$81
$87
$96
$0
$93
$90 $90
$84
$96
-$9,546
$76
$73
$71
$68
$66
15
11
14
13
12
$0
Financial Analysis
$73
$71 $0
$0
$87
$0
10
($10,963)
($11,500)
($11,000)
($10,500)
($10,000)
($9,500)
($9,000)
($8,500)
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
N/A
216.7
N/A
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Condensor Water Heat Pump
Baseline ASHRAE HVAC system: PTAC units used for
all rooms. Air-cooled unitary cooling. Electric
resistance heating. Demand ventilation. Standard
ASHRAE construction for climate zone 2.
26.4%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed
Heat Rejection
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
Mechanical
0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr
-61.7 -39.8% 155.0
26.4%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,804
1,153.2
0.3
PTACs replaced by heat pumps. Condenser water
cooling. Electric resistance heating. Demand
ventilation. Identical construction to Base Case.
683 9 126 7 557 2
29.8%
HVAC Fans
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
0.0 0.0
1,186.6 0.0
Energy End-Use
Lighting
N/A
809.0 344.2
0.0%
Space Heating - Elec 0.8 -0.5 -166.7%
81 5%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) CO2 (lb/yr) 1,238,519
4,900 3,606
1,328 26.4%
SO2 (lb/yr)
Base Case Emissions
911,572 26.4%
1,238,519
911,572
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A
N/A N/A
26.4%
Assumptions
683.9 126.7 557.2 HVAC Fans
3,179.0 2,339.8 839.2 26.4%
N/A N/A N/A N/A
81.5%
N/A N/A
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
1,238,519
911,572
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,900
1,804
3,606
1,328
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,179
2,340
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
(+) / Loss (-)
Financial Table
($145,387)
$0
Resource
$23,734
Loss (-) Unit Cost
Yr.
$145,387
$0
$0
$0
IRR
$29 175 $0
4
3
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
2
$29 175
$0
0
0
6
0
245,945
($145,400)
$0
MBh
$0.0965
$28,188
$27,235
tons
1
5
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
Mechanical
0
5.5 yrs
16.9%
19.4%
$24,564
Simple Payback
$26,314
$24,564
$25,424
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
$28,188
$27,235
$2
0 $0 $0
($145,387)
$26,314
$24,564
$0
$25,424
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
NPV
$30,196
$29,175
$0
$0 $29,175
$33,479 10
9
8
7
6
($145,387)
cfm
MBh
$37,118
$35,863 $35,863
$38,418 $38,418
$34,651
3.50%
6.00%
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
3 $11
0
20
19
18
17
16
$0 $47,225 $47,225
$45,628
$44,085
$42,594
$41,154
$45,628
$44,085
$42,594
$0
$0
$0
$0 $39,762 $39,762
$214,692
$0
$0
$37,118 $0
$0
$0
$34,651 20
$41,154 $0
$33,479
$32,347
$31,253
$30,196
15
11
14
13
12
$2
Financial Analysis
$32,347
$31,253 $0
$0
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
N/A
211.2
N/A
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Fan Coil Units
19.5%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed
Heat Rejection
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
Mechanical
0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr
-56.2 -36.3% 155.0
19.5%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,804
1,153.2
0.3
PTACs replaced by fan coil units. Water-cooled chiller
683 9 586 2 97 7
50.3%
HVAC Fans
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
0.0 0.0
1,186.6 0.0
Energy End-Use
Lighting
N/A
573.6 579.6
0.0%
Space Heating - Elec 0.3 0.0 0.0%
14 3%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) CO2 (lb/yr) 1,238,519
4,900 3,942
1,452 19.5%
SO2 (lb/yr)
Base Case Emissions
996,543 19.5%
1,238,519
996,543
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A
N/A N/A
19.5%
Assumptions
683.9 586.2 97.7 HVAC Fans
3,179.0 2,557.9 621.1 19.5%
N/A N/A N/A N/A
14.3%
N/A N/A
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
1,238,519
996,543
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,900
1,804
3,942
1,452
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,179
2,558
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
(+) / Loss (-)
Financial Table
($133,667)
$0
Resource
$17,566
Loss (-) Unit Cost
Yr.
$133,667
$0
$0
$0
IRR
$21 593 $0
4
3
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
2
$21 593
$0
0
0
6
0
182,026
($133,680)
$0
MBh
$0.0965
$20,862
$20,157
tons
1
5
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
Mechanical
0
6.7 yrs
13.6%
15.6%
$18,180
Simple Payback
$19,475
$18,180
$18,817
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
$20,862
$20,157
$2
0 $0 $0
($133,667)
$19,475
$18,180
$0
$18,817
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
NPV
$22,348
$21,593
$0
$0 $21,593
$24,778 10
9
8
7
6
($133,667)
cfm
MBh
$27,472
$26,543 $26,543
$28,433 $28,433
$25,645
3.50%
6.00%
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
3 $11
0
20
19
18
17
16
$0 $34,952 $34,952
$33,770
$32,628
$31,524
$30,458
$33,770
$32,628
$31,524
$0
$0
$0
$0 $29,428 $29,428
$134,306
$0
$0
$27,472 $0
$0
$0
$25,645 20
$30,458 $0
$24,778
$23,940
$23,130
$22,348
15
11
14
13
12
$2
Financial Analysis
$23,940
$23,130 $0
$0
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
N/A
123.9
N/A
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV
Baseline ASHRAE HVAC system: Air-cooled PTAC
units used for all rooms. Electric resistance heating.
Demand ventilation. Standard ASHRAE construction
for climate zone 2.
23.1%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Proposed
Heat Rejection
Pumps
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
Mechanical
0.0 0.0%
MBtu/yr
31.1 20.1% 155.0
23.1%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,804
1,153.2
0.3
PTACs replaced by a VAV system. Air-cooled chiller
683 9 88 7 595 2
9.4%
HVAC Fans
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
0.0 0.0
1,186.6 0.0
Energy End-Use
Lighting
N/A
1,045.1 108.1
0.0%
Space Heating - Elec 0.4 -0.1 -33.3%
87 0%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) CO2 (lb/yr) 1,238,519
4,900 3,768
1,388 23.1%
SO2 (lb/yr)
Base Case Emissions
952,441 23.1%
1,238,519
952,441
1,000,000
1,500,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A
N/A N/A
23.1%
Assumptions
683.9 88.7 595.2 HVAC Fans
3,179.0 2,444.7 734.3 23.1%
N/A N/A N/A N/A
87.0%
N/A N/A
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
1,238,519
952,441
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,900
1,804
3,768
1,388
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,179
2,445
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
(+) / Loss (-)
Financial Table
($164,030)
$0
Resource
$20,767
Loss (-) Unit Cost
Yr.
$164,030
$0
$0
$0
IRR
$25 528 $0
4
3
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
2
$25 528
$0
0
0
6
0
215,202
($212,000)
$0
MBh
$0.0965
$24,665
$23,831
tons
1
5
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
Mechanical
499
6.9 yrs
13.1%
15.0%
$21,494
Simple Payback
$23,025
$21,494
$22,246
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
$24,665
$23,831
$3 767
3 $1,440 $0
($164,030)
$23,025
$21,494
$0
$22,246
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
NPV
$26,421
$25,528
$0
$0 $25,528
$29,294 10
9
8
7
6
($164,030)
cfm
MBh
$32,479
$31,380 $31,380
$33,615 $33,615
$30,319
3.50%
6.00%
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
12,218 $42,763
499
20
19
18
17
16
$0 $41,322 $41,322
$39,925
$38,574
$37,270
$36,010
$39,925
$38,574
$37,270
$0
$0
$0
$0 $34,792 $34,792
$153,124
$0
$0
$32,479 $0
$0
$0
$30,319 20
$36,010 $0
$29,294
$28,303
$27,346
$26,421
15
11
14
13
12
$3,767
Financial Analysis
$28,303
$27,346 $0
$0
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Water Cooled VAV
32.1%
0.0%
N/A N/A
683 9 88 7 595 2
669.7 483.5 41.9%
0.4
SO2 (lb/yr) 4,900 3,325 32.1%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,804 1,225 32.1%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,238,519 840,588 32.1%
212.2 -57.2 -36.9% 155.0
HVAC Fans
PTACs replaced by a VAV system. Water-cooled
chiller cooling. Electric resistance heating. Demand
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0
1,186.6 0.0
1,186.6
Heat Rejection
Pumps N/A
Space Heating - Elec -0.1 -33.3%
87 0%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Energy End-Use
Lighting 0.0%
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
1,153.2
0.3
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1,238,519
840,588
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
l
b
/
y
r
3,179.0 2,157.6 1,021.4
N/A N/A
683.9 88.7 595.2
32.1%
HVAC Fans
N/A N/A N/A
N/A
N/A
32.1%
N/A
87.0%
N/A
Assumptions
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
1,238,519
840,588
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,900
1,804
3,325
1,225
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,179
2,158
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Unit Cost
(+) / Loss (-)
Natural gas
Electricity
0
0
MBh
tons
4
3
2
Yr.
Financial Table
$28,887
0
$0
$0
$0
$0
($166,670)
1
Gals
therms
kWh
$35 509
$0
$32,027
$30,944
$34,308
$33,148
$32,027
$29,898
$30,944
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Water Cooled VAV
6
5
$29,898
Resource
Water & sewer
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
299,343
New Hotels
Mechanical
Individual Resource Calculations Hot-Humid
Loss (-)
5.2 yrs
17.9%
20.6%
3
499 $3 767
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
$35 509 $0
$34,308
$33,148
$29,898
$166,670
$1,440
($214,640)
($166,670)
IRR
$0 $0
Simple Payback
$0
M-7
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
NPV
cfm
MBh
$40,747
$39,369
$38,038
$36,752
$35,509 6
3.50%
6.00%
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
12,218 $42,763
499 $3,767
Financial Analysis
$0
$55,534
$53,657
$51,842
$50,089
$48,395
$55,534
$53,657
$51,842
$39,369
$38,038 $0
$0
$36,752
20
19
18
17
16
15
$0 $57,478 $57,478
$0
$50,089
$35,509
$0
$0
$0
$0
$45,177 $0
$0
$0
$0
11
14
13
12
$0
$0
$42,174
$48,395
$45,177
$42,174
$271,005
($166,670)
20
$43,650 $43,650
$46,759 $46,759
$40,747 10
9
8
7
($300,000)
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
$700,000
$800,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
2.1%
0.0%
N/A N/A
88 7 44 0 44 7
669.7 0.0 0.0%
0.4
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,256 2.1%
NOX (lb/yr) 1,225 1,199 2.1%
CO2 (lb/yr) 840,588 823,173 2.1%
212.2 0.0 0.0% 212.2
HVAC Fans
As with Base Case, but with variable frequency drives
(VFDs) used in VAV system.
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0
1,186.6 0.0
1,186.6
Heat Rejection
Pumps N/A
Space Heating - Elec 0.0 0.0%
50 4%
Base Case
N/A
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Energy End-Use
Lighting 0.0%
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
669.7
0.4
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
840,588
823,173
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
2,157.6 2,112.9 44.7
N/A N/A
88.7 44.0 44.7
2.1%
HVAC Fans
N/A N/A N/A
N/A
N/A
2.1%
N/A
50.4%
N/A
Assumptions
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
840,588
823,173
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,256
1,199
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158
2,113
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Unit Cost
(+) / Loss (-)
Natural gas
Electricity
0
0
MBh
tons
4
3
2
Yr.
Financial Table
$1,264
0
$0
$0
$0
$0
($4,945)
1
Gals
therms
kWh
$1 554
$0
$1,402
$1,354
$1,501
$1,451
$1,402
$1,308
$1,354
6
5
$1,308
Resource
Water & sewer
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
13,100
New Hotels
Mechanical
Individual Resource Calculations Hot-Humid
Loss (-)
3.7 yrs
26.5%
29.7%
0
0 $0
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
$1 554 $0
$1,501
$1,451
$1,308
$4,945
$0
($4,945)
($4,945)
IRR
$0 $0
Simple Payback
$0
M-9
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
NPV
cfm
MBh
$1,783
$1,723
$1,665
$1,608
$1,554 6
3.50%
6.00%
Defined
20
2008
0%
$0
0 $0
0 $0
Financial Analysis
$0
$2,430
$2,348
$2,269
$2,192
$2,118
$2,430
$2,348
$2,269
$1,723
$1,665 $0
$0
$1,608
20
19
18
17
16
15
$0 $2,515 $2,515
$0
$2,192
$1,554
$0
$0
$0
$0
$1,977 $0
$0
$0
$0
11
14
13
12
$0
$0
$1,846
$2,118
$1,977
$1,846
$14,076
($4,945)
20
$1,910 $1,910
$2,046 $2,046
$1,783 10
9
8
7
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Lighting 0.0%
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
MBtu/yr
0 0%
212.2
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
As with Base Case, but with a water-cooled chiller and
cooling tower.
Base Case
Base Case
Energy Use
N/A
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
11.7%
952,441 840,588 11.7%
669.7 375.4 35.9%
0.4 0.0 0.0%
N/A
123.9
1,045.1
N/A N/A
88 7 88 7 0 0 HVAC Fans
0.4
provided by air-cooled chiller. Electric resistance
heating. Demand ventilation. Standard ASHRAE
construction for climate zone 2.
11.7%
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,768 3,325 11.7%
M-12 Water Cooled Chiller
CO2 (lb/yr)
1,186.6 0.0
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
NOX (lb/yr) 1,388 1,225
Heat Rejection
Pumps
-88.3 -71.3%
952,441
840,588
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
0.0%
N/A N/A N/A
Assumptions
287.1 11.7%
N/A N/A N/A
2,157.6
88.7 88.7 0.0 HVAC Fans
11.7%
2,444.7
N/A
N/A
N/A
952,441
840,588
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,768
1,388
3,325
1,225
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,445
2,158
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
($10,000)
($10,000)
$8,404
$10,000
$0
$9,002
$9,644
$9,317
$9,002
$9,644
$0
$9 981
$0
$8,698
$0
84,141
0
84.0%
87.5%
Simple Payback
$0
0 $0
$0
$8,120
Loss (-)
4
3
5
$0
$9,317
$8,404
$8,698
($10,000)
$8,404
6 $0 $9 981
Mechanical
$0
$0
2
IRR
MBh
tons
Resource
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
Yr.
Financial Table
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Unit Cost
(+) / Loss (-)
0
0
1.2 yrs
1
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$110,938
18
17
16
15
$14,079 $14,079
$0
$0
$15,082
$14,572
$15,082
$14,572
$13,603 $0 $13,603
$12,269 $12,269
$13,143 $13,143
$12,699 $0
$0
$0
$11,854
$0
$11,066
$10,692
$10,330
$9,981
3.50%
6.00%
20
19
$0 $16,156 $16,156
$0 $15,610 $15,610
0%
$0
0 $0
11
0
$11,453
$11,066
$10,692 $0
$0
$10,330
$0
$12,699
($10,000)
20
$0
$0
$11,453
20
2008
$11,854
10
9
8
7
6 $0
Financial Analysis
Defined
14
$9,981
13
12
$0
NPV
cfm
MBh
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Lighting 0.0%
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
MBtu/yr
0 8%
205.2
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
As with Base Case, but with an evaporative cooling
system.
Base Case
Base Case
Energy Use
N/A
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1.2%
840,588 830,264 1.2%
650.9 18.8 2.8%
0.4 0.0 0.0%
N/A
212.2
669.7
N/A N/A
88 7 88 0 0 7 HVAC Fans
0.4
1.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,285 1.2%
M-13 Evaporative Cooling
CO2 (lb/yr)
1,186.6 0.0
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
NOX (lb/yr) 1,225 1,210
Heat Rejection
Pumps
7.0 3.3%
840,588 830,264
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
0.8%
N/A N/A N/A
Assumptions
26.5 1.2%
N/A N/A N/A
2,131.1
88.7 88.0 0.7 HVAC Fans
1.2%
2,157.6
N/A
N/A
N/A
840,588 830,264
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,285
1,210
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158 2,131
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
($24,200)
($24,200)
$776
$24,200
$0
$831
$890
$860
$831
$890
$0
$921
$0
$803
$0
7,766
0
3.2%
N/A
Simple Payback
$0
0 $0
$0
$749
Loss (-)
4
3
5
$0
$860
$776
$803
($24,200)
$776
6 $0 $921
Mechanical
$0
$0
2
IRR
MBh
tons
Resource
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
Yr.
Financial Table
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Unit Cost
(+) / Loss (-)
0
0
> 20 yrs
1
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
-$11,720
18
17
16
15
$1,300 $1,300
$0
$0
$1,392
$1,345
$1,392
$1,345
$1,256 $0 $1,256
$1,132 $1,132
$1,213 $1,213
$1,172 $0
$0
$0
$1,094
$0
$1,021
$987
$954
$921
3.50%
6.00%
20
19
$0 $1,491 $1,491
$0 $1,441 $1,441
0%
$0
0 $0
11
0
$1,057
$1,021
$987 $0
$0
$954
$0
$1,172
($24,200)
20
$0
$0
$1,057
20
2008
$1,094
10
9
8
7
6 $0
Financial Analysis
Defined
14
$921
13
12
$0
NPV
cfm
MBh
($30,000)
($25,000)
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Energy End-Use
Lighting 0.0%
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
MBtu/yr
0 0%
212.2
Mechanical
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
As with Base Case, but including a thermal storage
unit.
Base Case
Base Case
Energy Use
N/A
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.0%
840,588 840,588 0.0%
669.7 0.0 0.0%
0.4 0.0 0.0%
N/A
212.2
669.7
N/A N/A
88 7 88 7 0 0 HVAC Fans
0.4
0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 3,325 3,325 0.0%
M-13 Thermal Storage
CO2 (lb/yr)
1,186.6 0.0
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr %
1,186.6
Space Cooling
Space Heating - Gas
NOX (lb/yr) 1,225 1,225
Heat Rejection
Pumps
0.0 0.0%
840,588 840,588
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total
Base Utilities
Receptacles
0.0%
N/A N/A N/A
Assumptions
0.0 0.0%
N/A N/A N/A
2,157.6
88.7 88.7 0.0 HVAC Fans
0.0%
2,157.6
N/A
N/A
N/A
840,588 840,588
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,325
1,225
3,325
1,225
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,158 2,158
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
($50,000)
($32,626)
$6,314
$32,626
$0
$6,763
$7,245
$7,000
$6,763
$7,245
$0
$7 498
$0
$6,534
$0
0
0
19.4%
22.1%
Simple Payback
$0
39 $17,375
$0
$6,100
Loss (-)
4
3
5
$0
$7,000
$6,314
$6,534
($32,626)
$6,314
6 $0 $7 498
Mechanical
$0
$0
2
IRR
MBh
tons
Resource
Water & sewer
Natural gas
Electricity
0
Yr.
Financial Table
Gals
therms
kWh
N/A
N/A
$0.0965
Unit Cost
(+) / Loss (-)
0
0
4.9 yrs
1
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$59,653
18
17
16
15
$10,577 $10,577
$0
$0
$11,331
$10,948
$11,331
$10,948
$10,220 $0 $10,220
$9,218 $9,218
$9,874 $9,874
$9,540 $0
$0
$0
$8,906
$0
$8,314
$8,033
$7,761
$7,498
3.50%
6.00%
20
19
$0 $12,138 $12,138
$0 $11,727 $11,727
0%
$0
0 $0
11
0
$8,605
$8,314
$8,033 $0
$0
$7,761
$0
$9,540
($32,626)
20
$0
$0
$8,605
20
2008
$8,906
10
9
8
7
6 $0
Financial Analysis
Defined
14
$7,498
13
12
$0
NPV
cfm
MBh
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Arid
Energy Modelling Results Summary New Hotels Arid
M-7 Condenser Water Heat Pump 5.9 yrs 32.5% 17.9% 15.6% $187,558
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
yrs % % % $
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modeled new hotel in the arid climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for a
specific building may vary based on that building's parameters and financial results may also vary based on local costs and financing structures.
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
Arid
Phoenix, AR
Simple Payback CO2 Reductions
M-7 Air Cooled VAV 8.3 yrs 27.0% 11.9% 10.7% $103,401
M-7 Fan Coil Units 10 yrs 18.3% 10.5% 9.6%
IRR
Cost
B-1 Optimise Glazing > 20 yrs 0.6% N/A 0.5% ($45,370)
$185,837
M-7 Air Cooled VAV with FPP
N/A
M-7 Water Cooled VAV with FPP
M-7 Water Cooled VAV 6.6 yrs 35.5% 15.9% 13.8%
$57,117
$9,733
M-2 Dedicated outside air unit 19 yrs 0.8% 1.0% 4.0% ($3,528)
B-3 Optimise Building Insulation Immediate 1.5% N/A N/A
$134,248
M-3 Heat Recovery Never -1.0% N/A N/A ($67,484)
M-2 Demand Ventilation 3.4 yrs 21.2% 32.3% 29.0%
($2,992)
M-9 Variable Frequency Drives 5.3 yrs 1.9% 20.3% 17.7% $7,875
M-4 Economiser Modes 17 yrs 1.1% 2.5% 4.7%
$75,493
M-13 Evaporative Cooling 12 yrs 4.0% 7.3% 7.4% $2,843
M-12 Water-Cooled Chiller 1.7 yrs 11.6% 62.8% 59.3%
$31,551 M-13 Thermal Storage 7 yrs 0.0% 14.8% 12.9%
B-1 Optimize Glazing Building Envelope
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 717,749 0.6%
0.0%
Space Cooling 396.1 396.9 -0.8 -0.2%
Pumps N/A N/A
70.9 61.0 9.9 14.0%
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,855 2,839 0.6%
1,051 1,046 0.6% NOX (lb/yr)
1.3%
HVAC Fans 74 7 75 1 0 4 0 5%
0.5.
Arid Individual Resource Calculations New Hotels
Heat Rejection 124.3 122.7 1.6
N/A N/A
0.6%
Space Heating - Gas 0.0 0.0 0.0
721,762 717,749
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 74.7 75.1 -0.4
Base Utilities N/A N/A N/A N/A
-0.5%
Total 1,852.6 1,842.3 10.3 0.6%
0.6%
N/A
0.5.
Assumptions
721,762 717,749
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,839
1,046
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853 1,842
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
> 20 yrs
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Building Envelope
Natural gas 0 therms N/A $0
Electricity 3,019 kWh
$51,896
$250
B-1
$0 ($51,896)
Simple Payback
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
($51,896)
$268
2 $0
4 $0 $278 $278
$298
0.5%
$259 $259
IRR
55 MBh $411 6 $0 $298
3 $0 $268
tons $2,340 5 $0 $287 5
N/A
($63,866)
$287
1 $0 $250 $250
Water & sewer 0 Gals N/A $0 0
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Individual Resource Calculations New Hotels Arid
$0.0802 $242
Optimize Glazing
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$298
NPV
55 MBh $411 6 $0 $298
$308
8 $0 $319 $319
-$45,370
20 11 $0 $353 $353
$379
$405
14 $0 $392 $392
15 $0
20 18 $0 $450 $450
Defined
2008 16 $0 $420 $420
17 $0 $434 $434
6.00% 19 $0 $465 $465
3.50% 20 $0 $482 $482
0% 12 $0 $366 $366
$0 $308
Financial Analysis
($51,896)
2,634 cfm $9,219
$330 $330 9 $0
$405
$0 13 $0 $379
($54,000)
($52,000)
($50,000)
($48,000)
($46,000)
($44,000)
($42,000)
($40,000)
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
B-3 Optimize Building Insulation Building Envelope
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 1.5%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 2,855 2,812 1.5%
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 710,931
1,051 1,036 1.5% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
1.5%
5.1%
Space Cooling 396.1 387.1 9.0 2.3%
Pumps N/A N/A
0 8% HVAC Fans 74 7 74 1 0 6
reduced to 0.06.
721,762 710,931
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.8%
Total 1,852.6 1,824.8 27.8
HVAC Fans 74.7 74.1 0.6
1.5%
1.5%
Assumptions
N/A
721,762 710,931
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,812
1,036
0
2,000
4,000
SO2 (g/yr) NOX (g/yr)
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853
1,825
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Building Envelope
N/A $0 0 $52
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Water & sewer 0 Gals
$676
$803
4 $0 $750 $750
$676
$803
$776
($11,500)
6 tons $2,745 5 $0 $776
39 MBh $291 6 $0
2 $0 $700
$724
$700
IRR
1 $0 $676
N/A
$0 $52
3 $0 $724
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$803
$831
$9,733
$803
NPV
$860
14 $0 $1,057 $1,057
20 11 $0 $954 $954
$1,022 $1,022
Defined 17 $0 $1,172 $1,172
2008 16 $0 $1,133 $1,133
6.00% 19 $0 $1,256 $1,256
3.50% 20 $0 $1,300 $1,300
0% 12 $0
$890 $890
$0
9
20 18 $0
$921 $921
$0
8 $0 $860
39 MBh $291 6 $0
$52
2,433 cfm $8,516
$987 $987
$1,213 $1,213
$0 13 $0
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 $0
7 $831
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
zone 3.
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 21.2%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 3,624 2,855 21.2%
CO2 (lb/yr) 916,052 721,762
1,335 1,051 21.2% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
21.2%
37.8%
Space Cooling 561.2 396.1 165.1 29.4%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 92 5 74 7 17 8
air unit.
19 2%
916,052
721,762
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 2,351.3 1,852.6 498.7
HVAC Fans 92.5 74.7 17.8
N/A
Assumptions
21.2%
21.2%
19.2%
Receptacles N/A N/A
916,052
721,762
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,624
1,335
2,855
1,051
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,351
1,853
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity 146,155 kWh $0.0802 $11,718
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Natural gas 0 therms N/A
Cash Flow
$12,128
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($41,840)
3 $0 $12,992 $12,992
2 $0
($41,840)
4 $0 $13,447 $13,447
$14 405 3 MBh $25 6 $0 $14 405
tons $135 5 $0 $13,917 $13,917
($42,000)
0
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $12,128 $12,128
29.0%
32.3%
$12,553 $12,553
Water & sewer 0
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-2
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$14,405
NPV
8 $0 $15,431 $15,431
$134,248
3 MBh $25 6 $0 $14,405
$0 $14,909
$15,971 $15,971
20 11 $0 $17,108 $17,108
14 $0 $18,968 $18,968
Defined $0 $21,030 $21,030
2008 16 $0 $20,319 $20,319
6.00% 19 $0 $22,528 $22,528
3.50% 20 $0 $23,317 $23,317
0% 12 $0 $17,707
20 18 $0
($41,840)
0 cfm $0 $14,909
9 $0
$17,707
17
$21,766 $21,766
$0 13 $0 $18,327 $18,327
($100,000)
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
air unit.
HVAC Fans 74 7 75 1 0 4 0 5%
128.3 -4.0 -3.2%
-2.7%
Pumps
Space Cooling 396.1 406.9 -10.8
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.8%
1,051 1,043 0.8% NOX (g/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 715,762 0.8%
SO2 (g/yr) 2,855 2,832 0.8%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Arid
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
Heat Rejection 124.3
721,762 715,762
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
0.8%
N/A
0.8% Total 1,852.6 1,837.2 15.4
HVAC Fans 74.7 75.1 -0.4 -0.5%
721,762 715,762
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,832
1,043
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853 1,837
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Dedicated Outside Air Unit
1 $0 $375 $375
-2 tons ($1,035) 5 $0 $430
Water & sewer 0 Gals N/A $0
($9,695) 3 $0 $401 $401
2 $0 $388 $388
IRR
$430
4.0%
4
0
Cash Flow
173 $1 304 6 $0 $445 $445 MBh
($9,426)
$0 $415 $415
$0 ($9,426)
1.0%
$375
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-2
kWh $0.0802 $362
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 4,513
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $460
9
0% 12 $0 $547 $547
19 $0 $696 $696
15 $0 $606 $606
3.50% 20 $0 $720 $720
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $649 $649
20 18 $0 $672 $672
2008 16 $0 $627 $627
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $566 $566
14 $0 $586 $586
173 $1,304 6 $0
($9,426)
0 cfm $0
$0 $493 $493
7
20 11 $0 $528 $528
$445 $445
NPV
8 $0 $476 $476
-$3,528
$460
MBh
($10,000)
($8,000)
($6,000)
($4,000)
($2,000)
$0
$2,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) -1.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
M-3 Heat Recovery
SO2 (g/yr) 2,855 2,883 -1.0%
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 728,736
1,051 1,062 -1.0% NOX (g/yr)
Heat Rejection 124.3 131.1 -6.8
N/A N/A
-1.0%
-5.5%
Space Cooling 396.1 421.2 -25.1 -6.3%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 74 7 109 9 35 2
47 1%
721,762 728,736
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 1,852.6 1,870.5 -17.9
HVAC Fans 74.7 109.9 -35.2
N/A
Assumptions
-1.0%
-1.0%
-47.1%
Receptacles N/A N/A
721,762 728,736
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,883
1,062
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853 1,871
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity -5,246 kWh $0.0802 ($421)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
($435)
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($64,923)
3 $0 ($466) ($466)
2 $0
($64,923)
4 $0 ($483) ($483)
($517) 173 MBh $1 304 6 $0 ($517)
tons ($1,890) 5 $0 ($500) ($500)
($64,337)
-4
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 ($435) ($435)
N/A
N/A
($451) ($451)
Water & sewer 0
Heat Recovery
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-3
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
($517)
NPV
8 $0 ($554) ($554)
-$67,484
173 MBh $1,304 6 $0 ($517)
$0 ($535)
($573) ($573)
20 11 $0 ($614) ($614)
Replacement Life and Cost Summary 10 $0 ($593) ($593)
14 $0 ($681) ($681)
Defined $0 ($755) ($755)
2008 16 $0 ($729) ($729)
Financial Analysis 15 $0 ($705) ($705)
6.00% 19 $0 ($809) ($809)
3.50% 20 $0 ($837) ($837)
0% 12 $0 ($636)
20 18 $0
($64,923)
0 cfm $0 ($535)
9 $0
($636)
17
($781) ($781)
$0 13 $0 ($658) ($658)
($80,000)
($78,000)
($76,000)
($74,000)
($72,000)
($70,000)
($68,000)
($66,000)
($64,000)
($62,000)
($60,000)
($58,000)
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 1.1%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 2,855 2,823 1.1%
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 713,541
1,051 1,039 1.1% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
1.1%
3.2%
Space Cooling 396.1 378.6 17.5 4.4%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 74 7 74 7 0 0
0 0%
721,762 713,541
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 1,852.6 1,831.5 21.1
HVAC Fans 74.7 74.7 0.0
N/A
Assumptions
1.1%
1.1%
0.0%
Receptacles N/A N/A
721,762 713,541
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,823
1,039
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853 1,832
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$513
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($10,963)
3 $0 $550 $550
2 $0
($10,963)
4 $0 $569 $569
$609 0 MBh $0 6 $0 $609
tons $0 5 $0 $589 $589
($10,963)
0
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $513 $513
4.7%
2.5%
$531 $531
Water & sewer 0
Economizer Modes
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-4
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$609
NPV
8 $0 $653 $653
-$2,992
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $609
$0 $631
$676 $676
20 11 $0 $724 $724
14 $0 $803 $803
Defined $0 $890 $890
2008 16 $0 $860 $860
6.00% 19 $0 $953 $953
3.50% 20 $0 $987 $987
0% 12 $0 $749
20 18 $0
($10,963)
0 cfm $0 $631
9 $0
$749
17
$921 $921
$0 13 $0 $775 $775
($12,000)
($10,000)
($8,000)
($6,000)
($4,000)
($2,000)
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 32.5%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 4,426 2,990 32.5%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,118,875 755,696
1,630 1,101 32.5% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
32.5%
-8.3%
Space Cooling 826.4 491.6 334.8 40.5%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 636 5 95 7 540 8
85 0%
1,118,875
755,696
1,000,000
1,500,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 2,871.9 1,939.7 932.2
HVAC Fans 636.5 95.7 540.8
N/A
Assumptions
32.5%
32.5%
85.0%
Receptacles N/A N/A
1,118,875
755,696
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,426
1,630
2,990
1,101
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,872
1,940
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity 273,201 kWh $0.0802 $21,904
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$22,671
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($145,400)
3 $0 $24,286 $24,286
2 $0
($145,400)
4 $0 $25,136 $25,136
$26 926 0 MBh $0 6 $0 $26 926
tons $0 5 $0 $26,015 $26,015
($145,400)
0
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $22,671 $22,671
15.6%
17.9%
$23,464 $23,464
Water & sewer 0
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Condensor Water Heat Pump
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-7
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$26,926
NPV
8 $0 $28,844 $28,844
$187,558
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $26,926
$0 $27,868
$29,853 $29,853
20 11 $0 $31,980 $31,980
14 $0 $35,456 $35,456
Defined $0 $39,311 $39,311
2008 16 $0 $37,982 $37,982
6.00% 19 $0 $42,111 $42,111
3.50% 20 $0 $43,585 $43,585
0% 12 $0 $33,099
20 18 $0
($145,400)
0 cfm $0 $27,868
9 $0
$33,099
17
$40,687 $40,687
$0 13 $0 $34,257 $34,257
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 18.3%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 4,426 3,616 18.3%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,118,875 913,949
1,630 1,331 18.3% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
18.3%
-19.7%
Space Cooling 826.4 369.0 457.4 55.3%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 636 5 545 6 90 9
14 3%
1,118,875
913,949
1,000,000
1,500,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 2,871.9 2,345.9 526.0
HVAC Fans 636.5 545.6 90.9
N/A
Assumptions
18.3%
18.3%
14.3%
Receptacles N/A N/A
1,118,875
913,949
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,426
1,630
3,616
1,331
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,872
2,346
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity 154,155 kWh $0.0802 $12,360
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$12,792
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($133,680)
3 $0 $13,703 $13,703
2 $0
($133,680)
4 $0 $14,183 $14,183
$15 193 0 MBh $0 6 $0 $15 193
tons $0 5 $0 $14,679 $14,679
($133,680)
0
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $12,792 $12,792
9.6%
10.5%
$13,240 $13,240
Water & sewer 0
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Fan Coil Units
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-7
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$15,193
NPV
8 $0 $16,275 $16,275
$57,117
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $15,193
$0 $15,725
$16,845 $16,845
20 11 $0 $18,045 $18,045
14 $0 $20,006 $20,006
Defined $0 $22,181 $22,181
2008 16 $0 $21,431 $21,431
6.00% 19 $0 $23,761 $23,761
3.50% 20 $0 $24,593 $24,593
0% 12 $0 $18,676
20 18 $0
($133,680)
0 cfm $0 $15,725
9 $0
$18,676
17
$22,958 $22,958
$0 13 $0 $19,330 $19,330
($200,000)
($150,000)
($100,000)
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
for climate zone 3.
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 27.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 4,426 3,231 27.0%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,118,875 816,745
1,630 1,190 27.0% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
27.0%
30.1%
Space Cooling 826.4 684.9 141.5 17.1%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 636 5 74 7 561 8
88 3%
1,118,875
816,745
1,000,000
1,500,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 2,871.9 2,096.4 775.5
HVAC Fans 636.5 74.7 561.8
N/A
Assumptions
27.0%
27.0%
88.3%
Receptacles N/A N/A
1,118,875
816,745
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,426
1,630
3,231
1,190
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,872
2,096
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity 227,277 kWh $0.0802 $18,222
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$18,860
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($176,746)
3 $0 $20,203 $20,203
2 $0
($176,746)
4 $0 $20,910 $20,910
$22 400 389 MBh $2 938 6 $0 $22 400
tons $4,095 5 $0 $21,642 $21,642
($212,000)
9
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $18,860 $18,860
10.7%
11.9%
$19,520 $19,520
Water & sewer 0
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-7
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$22,400
NPV
8 $0 $23,995 $23,995
$103,401
389 MBh $2,938 6 $0 $22,400
$0 $23,184
$24,835 $24,835
20 11 $0 $26,604 $26,604
14 $0 $29,496 $29,496
Defined $0 $32,703 $32,703
2008 16 $0 $31,597 $31,597
6.00% 19 $0 $35,032 $35,032
3.50% 20 $0 $36,258 $36,258
0% 12 $0 $27,535
20 18 $0
($176,746)
8,063 cfm $28,221 $23,184
9 $0
$27,535
17
$33,848 $33,848
$0 13 $0 $28,499 $28,499
($300,000)
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 35.5%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 4,426 2,855 35.5%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,118,875 721,762
1,630 1,051 35.5% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
35.5%
-9.6%
Space Cooling 826.4 396.1 430.3 52.1%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 636 5 74 7 561 8
chiller cooling. Electric resistance heating. Demand
88 3%
1,118,875
721,762
1,000,000
1,500,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 2,871.9 1,852.6 1,019.3
HVAC Fans 636.5 74.7 561.8
N/A
Assumptions
35.5%
35.5%
88.3%
Receptacles N/A N/A
1,118,875
721,762
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,426
1,630
2,855
1,051
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,872
1,853
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity 298,727 kWh $0.0802 $23,951
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$24,789
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($179,386)
3 $0 $26,555 $26,555
2 $0
($179,386)
4 $0 $27,484 $27,484
$29 442 389 MBh $2 938 6 $0 $29 442
tons $4,095 5 $0 $28,446 $28,446
($214,640)
9
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $24,789 $24,789
13.8%
15.9%
$25,657 $25,657
Water & sewer 0
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-7
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$29,442
NPV
8 $0 $31,539 $31,539
$185,837
389 MBh $2,938 6 $0 $29,442
$0 $30,472
$32,643 $32,643
20 11 $0 $34,968 $34,968
14 $0 $38,769 $38,769
Defined $0 $42,984 $42,984
2008 16 $0 $41,530 $41,530
6.00% 19 $0 $46,046 $46,046
3.50% 20 $0 $47,657 $47,657
0% 12 $0 $36,191
20 18 $0
($179,386)
8,063 cfm $28,221 $30,472
9 $0
$36,191
17
$44,488 $44,488
$0 13 $0 $37,458 $37,458
($300,000)
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 1.9%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 2,855 2,800 1.9%
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 707,737
1,051 1,031 1.9% NOX (g/yr)
N/A N/A
1.9%
0.0%
Space Cooling 396.1 396.1 0.0 0.0%
Pumps N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 74 7 38 7 36 0
48 2%
721,762
707,737
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A N/A
Total 1,852.6 1,816.6 36.0
HVAC Fans 74.7 38.7 36.0
N/A
Assumptions
1.9%
1.9%
48.2%
Receptacles N/A N/A
721,762
707,737
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,800
1,031
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853
1,817
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Cash Flow
$876
Gals N/A $0 0
IRR
$0 ($4,945)
3 $0 $938 $938
2 $0
($4,945)
4 $0 $971 $971
$1 040 0 MBh $0 6 $0 $1 040
tons $0 5 $0 $1,005 $1,005
($4,945)
0
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $876 $876
17.7%
20.3%
$906 $906
Water & sewer 0
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical M-9
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$1,040
NPV
8 $0 $1,114 $1,114
$7,875
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $1,040
$0 $1,076
$1,153 $1,153
20 11 $0 $1,235 $1,235
14 $0 $1,369 $1,369
Defined $0 $1,518 $1,518
2008 16 $0 $1,467 $1,467
6.00% 19 $0 $1,626 $1,626
3.50% 20 $0 $1,683 $1,683
0% 12 $0 $1,278
20 18 $0
($4,945)
0 cfm $0 $1,076
9 $0
$1,278
17
$1,571 $1,571
$0 13 $0 $1,323 $1,323
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
cooling tower.
HVAC Fans 74 7 74 7 0 0 0 0%
124.3 -45.0 -56.7%
42.2%
Pumps
Space Cooling 684.9 396.1 288.8
N/A N/A N/A N/A
11.6%
1,190 1,051 11.6% NOX (g/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 816,745 721,762 11.6%
SO2 (g/yr) 3,231 2,855 11.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Arid
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
provided by air-cooled chiller. Electric resistance
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
Heat Rejection 79.3
816,745
721,762
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
11.6%
N/A
11.6% Total 2,096.4 1,852.6 243.8
HVAC Fans 74.7 74.7 0.0 0.0%
816,745
721,762
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
3,231
1,190
2,855
1,051
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,096
1,853
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
1 $0 $5,929 $5,929
0 tons $0 5 $0 $6,804
($10,000) 3 $0 $6,351 $6,351
2 $0 $6,137 $6,137
IRR
$6,804
59.3%
4
0
Cash Flow
0 $0 6 $0 $7 042 $7 042 MBh
($10,000)
$0 $6,574 $6,574
$0 ($10,000)
62.8%
$5,929
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-12
kWh $0.0802 $5,729
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 71,451
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $7,288
9
0% 12 $0 $8,656 $8,656
19 $0 $11,013 $11,013
15 $0 $9,598 $9,598
3.50% 20 $0 $11,399 $11,399
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $10,281 $10,281
20 18 $0 $10,641 $10,641
2008 16 $0 $9,933 $9,933
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $8,959 $8,959
14 $0 $9,273 $9,273
0 $0 6 $0
($10,000)
0 cfm $0
$0 $7,808 $7,808
7
20 11 $0 $8,364 $8,364
$7,042 $7,042
NPV
8 $0 $7,544 $7,544
$75,493
$7,288
MBh
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
$180,000
0 5 10 15 20 N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
system.
HVAC Fans 74 7 72 6 2 1 2 8%
106.7 17.6 14.2%
13.6%
Pumps
Space Cooling 396.1 342.1 54.0
N/A N/A N/A N/A
4.0%
1,051 1,010 4.0% NOX (g/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 693,049 4.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 2,855 2,742 4.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Arid
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
721,762
693,049
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
4.0%
N/A
4.0% Total 1,852.6 1,778.9 73.7
HVAC Fans 74.7 72.6 2.1 2.8%
721,762
693,049
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,742
1,010
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853
1,779
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Evaporative Cooling
1 $0 $1,792 $1,792
0 tons $0 5 $0 $2,057
($24,200) 3 $0 $1,920 $1,920
2 $0 $1,855 $1,855
IRR
$2,057
7.4%
4
0
Cash Flow
0 $0 6 $0 $2 129 $2 129 MBh
($24,200)
$0 $1,987 $1,987
$0 ($24,200)
7.3%
$1,792
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-13
kWh $0.0802 $1,732
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 21,599
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $2,203
9
0% 12 $0 $2,617 $2,617
19 $0 $3,329 $3,329
15 $0 $2,901 $2,901
3.50% 20 $0 $3,446 $3,446
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $3,108 $3,108
20 18 $0 $3,217 $3,217
2008 16 $0 $3,003 $3,003
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $2,708 $2,708
14 $0 $2,803 $2,803
0 $0 6 $0
($24,200)
0 cfm $0
$0 $2,360 $2,360
7
20 11 $0 $2,528 $2,528
$2,129 $2,129
NPV
8 $0 $2,280 $2,280
$2,843
$2,203
MBh
($30,000)
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
unit.
HVAC Fans 74 7 74 7 0 0 0 0%
124.3 0.0 0.0%
0.0%
Pumps
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.0%
1,051 1,051 0.0% NOX (g/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 721,762 721,762 0.0%
SO2 (g/yr) 2,855 2,855 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Arid
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
721,762 721,762
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
0.0%
N/A
0.0% Total 1,852.6 1,852.6 0.0
HVAC Fans 74.7 74.7 0.0 0.0%
721,762 721,762
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,855
1,051
2,855
1,051
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
1,853 1,853
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Thermal Storage
1 $0 $4,505 $4,505
33 tons $15,039 5 $0 $5,170
($50,000) 3 $0 $4,826 $4,826
2 $0 $4,663 $4,663
IRR
$5,170
12.9%
4
0
Cash Flow
0 $0 6 $0 $5 351 $5 351 MBh
($34,961)
$0 $4,995 $4,995
$0 ($34,961)
14.8%
$4,505
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-13
kWh $0.0802 $4,353
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 0
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $5,538
9
0% 12 $0 $6,578 $6,578
19 $0 $8,369 $8,369
15 $0 $7,293 $7,293
3.50% 20 $0 $8,662 $8,662
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $7,812 $7,812
20 18 $0 $8,086 $8,086
2008 16 $0 $7,548 $7,548
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $6,808 $6,808
14 $0 $7,046 $7,046
0 $0 6 $0
($34,961)
0 cfm $0
$0 $5,933 $5,933
7
20 11 $0 $6,355 $6,355
$5,351 $5,351
NPV
8 $0 $5,732 $5,732
$31,551
$5,538
MBh
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Temperate
19.4% $67,307
$3,240
M-13 Thermal Storage 4.9 yrs 0.0% 22.2%
M-13 Evaporative Cooling 12 yrs 2.2% 7.5% 7.5%
$15,938
M-12 Water-Cooled Chiller 5.2 yrs 2.2% 20.9%
M-9 Variable Frequency Drives 3.3 yrs 1.8% 32.4% 29.1%
18.2% $16,636
17.8% $17,617
$27,836
M-4 Economiser Modes 5.3 yrs 2.4% 20.4%
M-3 Heat Recovery 6.5 yrs 3.8% 16.1% 14.0%
32.7% $156,653
$54,167
M-2 Demand Ventilation 3 yrs 13.8% 36.1%
M-2 Dedicated outside air unit Immediate 2.1% N/A N/A
B-3 Optimise Building Insulation 2.2 yrs 1.6% 49.1% 45.6% $17,687
B-1 Optimise Glazing 11 yrs 5.0% 8.2% 8.0% $11,910
M-7 Water Cooled VAV with FPP 3.3 yrs 7.8% 33.0%
M-7 Air Cooled VAV with FPP
29.7% $78,975
3.3 yrs 7.6% 33.1% 29.8% $79,109
$658,118
34.5% $636,142
$627,987
M-7 Air Cooled VAV 2.9 yrs 40.2% 37.9%
M-7 Fan Coil Units 2.5 yrs 38.4% 42.4% 39.0%
M-7 Condenser Water Heat Pump 3 yrs 33.9% 36.0% 32.6% $541,790
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
yrs % % % $
Energy Modelling Results Summary New Hotels Temperate
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modeled new hotel in the temperate climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
Temperate
New York, NY
Simple Payback CO2 Reductions IRR
Cost
Gas-fired boilers provide heating. Demand ventilation.
B-1 Optimize Glazing Building Envelope
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting
Temperate
14.6 4.4 23.2%
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
N/A N/A
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,427 -3.0%
935 922 1.4% NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 651,234 5.0%
19.0
-11.1%
HVAC Fans 53 9 62 7 8 8 16 3%
0.3.
N/A N/A
5.0%
Space Cooling 195.6 229.4 -33.8 -17.3%
Pumps
685,223
651,234
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
HVAC Fans 53.9 62.7 -8.8
-16.3%
Total 2,297.4 1,898.0 399.4 17.4%
17.4%
N/A
0.3.
Assumptions
685,223
651,234
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,427
922
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
1,898
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
11 yrs
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Building Envelope
Electricity -13,569 kWh
$60,133
$4,792
B-1
$0 ($60,133)
Simple Payback
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
($60,133)
$5,133
2 $0
4 $0 $5,313 $5,313
$5 691
8.0%
$4,960 $4,960
IRR
112 MBh $849 6 $0 $5 691
3 $0 $5,133
tons $1,512 5 $0 $5,499 3
8.2%
($63,866)
$5,499
Optimize Glazing
1 $0 $4,792 $4,792
$0.1535 ($2,082)
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Individual Resource Calculations New Hotels Temperate
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$5,691
NPV
112 MBh $849 6 $0 $5,691
$5,891
8 $0 $6,097 $6,097
$11,910
20 11 $0 $6,760 $6,760
$7,241
$7,757
14 $0 $7,495 $7,495
15 $0
20 18 $0 $8,600 $8,600
Defined
2008 16 $0 $8,028 $8,028
17 $0 $8,309 $8,309
6.00% 19 $0 $8,901 $8,901
3.50% 20 $0 $9,213 $9,213
0% 12 $0 $6,996 $6,996
$0 $5,891
Financial Analysis
($60,133)
392 cfm $1,372
$6,310 $6,310 9 $0
$7,757
$0 13 $0 $7,241
($80,000)
($60,000)
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
B-3 Optimize Building Insulation Building Envelope
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 1.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,355 0.0%
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 674,398
935 927 0.9% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
1.6%
1.1%
Space Cooling 195.6 197.5 -1.9 -1.0%
Pumps N/A N/A
1 1% HVAC Fans 53 9 53 3 0 6
reduced to 0.06.
685,223 674,398
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
1.1%
Total 2,297.4 2,205.6 91.8
HVAC Fans 53.9 53.3 0.6
4.0%
4.0%
N/A
Assumptions
685,223 674,398
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,355
927
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
2,206
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Building Envelope
Natural gas 914 therms $1.5056 $1,377
N/A $0 0 ($3,166)
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Water & sewer 0 Gals
$1,443
$1,546
$1,494
$1,443
4 $0 $1,600 $1,600
$1,656 3 tons $1,265 5 $0 $1,656
$1 714 29 MBh $219 6 $0 $1 714
($10,120)
IRR
1 $0 $1,443
49.1%
$0 ($3,166)
3 $0 $1,546
2 $0 $1,494
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $1,774
$0
$1,714
NPV
8 $0 $1,836 $1,836
29 MBh $219 6 $0 $1,714
$1,774
$17,687
14 $0 $2,257 $2,257
20 11 $0 $2,036 $2,036
0% 12 $0
2008 16 $0 $2,418 $2,418
3.50% 20 $0 $2,775 $2,775
6.00% 19 $0 $2,681 $2,681
Defined 17 $0 $2,503 $2,503
20 18 $0
$1,901 $1,901
$0
9
$1,967 $1,967
($3,166)
1,563 cfm $5,471
$2,107 $2,107
$2,590 $2,590
$0 13 $0 $2,181 $2,181
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
air unit.
73.3 70.6 2.7
HVAC Fans 53 9 44 0 9 9 18 4%
Space Cooling 195.6 210.6 -15.0
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,345 0.5%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
935 922 1.3% NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 671,025 2.1%
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
Heat Rejection
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
3.7%
-7.7%
Pumps
Mechanical
Base Case
685,223
671,025
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
4.6%
N/A
4.6% Total 2,297.4 2,191.9 105.5
HVAC Fans 53.9 44.0 9.9 18.4%
685,223
671,025
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,345
922
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
2,192
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
5 tons $2,318 5 $0 $2,132
($9,695) 3 $0 $1,990 $1,990
2 $0 $1,923 $1,923
IRR
1 $0 $1,858 $1,858
$2,132
N/A
4
0
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
440 $3 322 6 $0 $2 207 $2 207 MBh
$29,205
$0 $2,060 $2,060
$0 $29,205
N/A
$1,858
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-2
kWh $0.1535 $310
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Natural gas 986 therms $1.5056 $1,485
Electricity 2,022
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $2,284
9
0% 12 $0 $2,713 $2,713
19 $0 $3,451 $3,451
15 $0 $3,008 $3,008
3.50% 20 $0 $3,572 $3,572
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $3,222 $3,222
20 18 $0 $3,335 $3,335
2008 16 $0 $3,113 $3,113
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $2,808 $2,808
14 $0 $2,906 $2,906
440 $3,322 6 $0
$29,205
9,503 cfm $33,261
$0 $2,447 $2,447
7
20 11 $0 $2,621 $2,621
$2,207 $2,207
NPV
8 $0 $2,364 $2,364
$54,167
$2,284
MBh
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
zone 4.
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 13.8%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,620 2,356 10.1%
CO2 (lb/yr) 794,810 685,223
1,065 935 12.2% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
13.8%
Space Heating - Gas 1,134.4 769.0 365.4 32.2%
40.2%
Space Cooling 279.5 195.6 83.9 30.0%
Pumps N/A N/A
38 1% HVAC Fans 87 1 53 9 33 2
794,810
685,223
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
38.1%
Total 2,834.6 2,297.4 537.2
HVAC Fans 87.1 53.9 33.2
19.0%
19.0%
N/A
Assumptions
794,810
685,223
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,620
1,065
2,356
935
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,835
2,297
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$5,503
Electricity 50,350 kWh $0.1535 $7,727
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Natural gas 3,655 therms $1.5056
M-2
Cash Flow
$13,693
$0 ($41,847)
4 $0 $15,182 $15,182
$16 263
IRR
3 $0 $14,668 $14,668
2 $0
3 MBh $23 6 $0 $16 263
tons $99 5 $0 $15,713 $15,713
($42,000)
36.1%
$14,172 $14,172
Water & sewer 0 Gals N/A $0 0 ($41,847)
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
0
32.7%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $13,693 $13,693
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$16,263
NPV
8 $0 $17,421 $17,421
$156,653
3 MBh $23 6 $0 $16,263
$0 $16,832
$18,031 $18,031
20 11 $0 $19,315 $19,315
$0 $22,165 $22,165
14 $0 $21,415 $21,415
3.50% 20 $0 $26,325 $26,325
6.00% 19 $0 $25,434 $25,434
$19,991
Defined $0 $23,743 $23,743
20 18 $0
$0 $20,691 $20,691
2008 16 $0 $22,940 $22,940
Financial Analysis 15
($41,847)
9 cfm $32 $16,832
9 $0
$19,991
17
$24,574 $24,574
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($100,000)
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
$400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 3.8%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
M-3 Heat Recovery
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,403 -2.0%
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 659,047
935 924 1.2% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
3.8%
-1.4%
Space Cooling 195.6 220.9 -25.3 -12.9%
Pumps N/A N/A
26 0% HVAC Fans 53 9 67 9 14 0
685,223
659,047
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
-26.0%
Total 2,297.4 2,000.7 296.7
HVAC Fans 53.9 67.9 -14.0
12.9%
12.9%
N/A
Assumptions
685,223
659,047
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,403
924
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
2,001
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$4,935
Electricity -9,085 kWh $0.1535 ($1,394)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
M-3
Cash Flow
$3,665
$0 ($26,139)
4 $0 $4,063 $4,063
$4 353
IRR
3 $0 $3,926 $3,926
2 $0
440 MBh $3 322 6 $0 $4 353
tons $1,616 5 $0 $4,206 $4,206
($64,337)
16.1%
$3,793 $3,793
Heat Recovery
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
4
14.0%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $3,665 $3,665
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$4,353
NPV
8 $0 $4,663 $4,663
$27,836
440 MBh $3,322 6 $0 $4,353
$0 $4,505
$4,826 $4,826
20 11 $0 $5,170 $5,170
$0 $5,932 $5,932
14 $0 $5,732 $5,732
3.50% 20 $0 $7,046 $7,046
6.00% 19 $0 $6,808 $6,808
$5,351
Defined $0 $6,355 $6,355
20 18 $0
$0 $5,538 $5,538
2008 16 $0 $6,140 $6,140
($26,139)
9,503 cfm $33,261 $4,505
9 $0
$5,351
17
$6,577 $6,577
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 2.4%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,291 2.7%
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 668,884
935 911 2.5% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
2.4%
Space Heating - Gas 769.0 769.2 -0.2 0.0%
12.7%
Space Cooling 195.6 162.9 32.7 16.7%
Pumps N/A N/A
0 2% HVAC Fans 53 9 53 8 0 1
685,223
668,884
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
0.2%
Total 2,297.4 2,255.6 41.8
HVAC Fans 53.9 53.8 0.1
1.8%
1.8%
N/A
Assumptions
685,223
668,884
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,291
911
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
2,256
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
-$3
Electricity 12,309 kWh $0.1535 $1,889
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Natural gas -2 therms $1.5056
M-4
Cash Flow
$1,952
$0 ($10,963)
4 $0 $2,164 $2,164
$2 318
IRR
3 $0 $2,091 $2,091
2 $0
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $2 318
tons $0 5 $0 $2,240 $2,240
($10,963)
20.4%
$2,020 $2,020
Economizer Modes
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
0
17.8%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $1,952 $1,952
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$2,318
NPV
8 $0 $2,483 $2,483
$17,617
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $2,318
$0 $2,399
$2,570 $2,570
20 11 $0 $2,753 $2,753
$0 $3,160 $3,160
14 $0 $3,053 $3,053
3.50% 20 $0 $3,753 $3,753
6.00% 19 $0 $3,626 $3,626
$2,850
Defined $0 $3,385 $3,385
20 18 $0
$0 $2,950 $2,950
2008 16 $0 $3,270 $3,270
($10,963)
0 cfm $0 $2,399
9 $0
$2,850
17
$3,503 $3,503
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 33.9%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 4,631 3,061 33.9%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,170,535 773,812
1,705 1,127 33.9% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
33.9%
-63.0%
Space Cooling 329.8 226.3 103.5 31.4%
Pumps N/A N/A
89 7% HVAC Fans 676 0 69 3 606 7
1,170,535
773,812
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
l
b
/
y
r
89.7%
Total 3,004.5 1,986.2 1,018.3
HVAC Fans 676.0 69.3 606.7
33.9%
33.9%
N/A
Assumptions
1,170,535
773,812
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,631
1,705
3,061
1,127
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,005
1,986
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity 298,434 kWh $0.1535 $45,799
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Natural gas 0 therms $1.5056
M-7
Cash Flow
$47,402
$0 ($145,400)
4 $0 $52,555 $52,555
$56 298
IRR
3 $0 $50,778 $50,778
2 $0
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $56 298
tons $0 5 $0 $54,394 $54,394
($145,400)
36.0%
$49,061 $49,061
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Condensor Water Heat Pump
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
0
32.6%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $47,402 $47,402
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$56,298
NPV
8 $0 $60,308 $60,308
$541,790
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $56,298
$0 $58,269
$62,419 $62,419
20 11 $0 $66,865 $66,865
$0 $76,729 $76,729
14 $0 $74,134 $74,134
3.50% 20 $0 $91,130 $91,130
6.00% 19 $0 $88,048 $88,048
$69,205
Defined $0 $82,194 $82,194
20 18 $0
$0 $71,627 $71,627
2008 16 $0 $79,414 $79,414
($145,400)
0 cfm $0 $58,269
9 $0
$69,205
17
$85,070 $85,070
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 38.4%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 4,631 2,579 44.3%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,170,535 720,858
1,705 1,002 41.3% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
38.4%
-96.9%
Space Cooling 329.8 193.6 136.2 41.3%
Pumps N/A N/A
73 3% HVAC Fans 676 0 180 5 495 5
cooling. Heating provided by gas-fired boiler. Demand
1,170,535
720,858
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
l
b
/
y
r
73.3%
Total 3,004.5 2,264.2 740.3
HVAC Fans 676.0 180.5 495.5
24.6%
24.6%
N/A
Assumptions
1,170,535
720,858
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,631
1,705
2,579
1,002
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,005
2,264
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
-$8,901
Electricity 390,165 kWh $0.1535 $59,876
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Natural gas -5,912 therms $1.5056
M-7
Cash Flow
$52,759
$0 ($135,380)
4 $0 $58,495 $58,495
$62 662
IRR
3 $0 $56,517 $56,517
2 $0
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $62 662
tons $0 5 $0 $60,543 $60,543
($135,380)
42.4%
$54,606 $54,606
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Fan Coil Units
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
0
39.0%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $52,759 $52,759
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$62,662
NPV
8 $0 $67,125 $67,125
$627,987
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $62,662
$0 $64,855
$69,474 $69,474
20 11 $0 $74,422 $74,422
$0 $85,401 $85,401
14 $0 $82,514 $82,514
3.50% 20 $0 $101,430 $101,430
6.00% 19 $0 $98,000 $98,000
$77,027
Defined $0 $91,484 $91,484
20 18 $0
$0 $79,723 $79,723
2008 16 $0 $88,391 $88,391
($135,380)
0 cfm $0 $64,855
9 $0
$77,027
17
$94,686 $94,686
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
$1,600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
for climate zone 4.
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 40.2%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 4,631 2,416 47.8%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,170,535 700,456
1,705 957 43.9% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
40.2%
24.0%
Space Cooling 329.8 273.1 56.7 17.2%
Pumps N/A N/A
92 0% HVAC Fans 676 0 53 9 622 1
1,170,535
700,456
1,000,000
1,500,000
l
b
/
y
r
92.0%
Total 3,004.5 2,336.5 668.0
HVAC Fans 676.0 53.9 622.1
22.2%
22.2%
N/A
Assumptions
1,170,535
700,456
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,631
1,705
2,416
957
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,005
2,337
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
-$11,581
Electricity 421,143 kWh $0.1535 $64,630
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
M-7
Cash Flow
$54,905
$0 ($159,314)
4 $0 $60,874 $60,874
$65 210
IRR
3 $0 $58,816 $58,816
2 $0
361 MBh $2 726 6 $0 $65 210
tons $4,856 5 $0 $63,005 $63,005
($212,000)
37.9%
$56,827 $56,827
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
11
34.5%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $54,905 $54,905
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$65,210
NPV
8 $0 $69,855 $69,855
$636,142
361 MBh $2,726 6 $0 $65,210
$0 $67,493
$72,300 $72,300
20 11 $0 $77,449 $77,449
$0 $88,875 $88,875
14 $0 $85,869 $85,869
3.50% 20 $0 $105,555 $105,555
6.00% 19 $0 $101,986 $101,986
$80,160
Defined $0 $95,205 $95,205
20 18 $0
$0 $82,966 $82,966
2008 16 $0 $91,985 $91,985
($159,314)
12,887 cfm $45,105 $67,493
9 $0
$80,160
17
$98,537 $98,537
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
$1,600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 41.5%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 4,631 2,356 49.1%
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,170,535 685,223
1,705 935 45.2% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
41.5%
-59.7%
Space Cooling 329.8 195.6 134.2 40.7%
Pumps N/A N/A
92 0% HVAC Fans 676 0 53 9 622 1
chiller cooling. Heating provided by gas-fired boiler.
Demand ventilation. Identical construction to Base
1,170,535
685,223
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
l
b
/
y
r
92.0%
Total 3,004.5 2,297.4 707.1
HVAC Fans 676.0 53.9 622.1
23.5%
23.5%
N/A
Case.
Assumptions
1,170,535
685,223
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
4,631
1,705
2,356
935
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,005
2,297
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
-$11,581
Electricity 432,602 kWh $0.1535 $66,388
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
M-7
Cash Flow
$56,725
$0 ($163,654)
4 $0 $62,892 $62,892
$67 372
IRR
3 $0 $60,766 $60,766
2 $0
361 MBh $2 726 6 $0 $67 372
tons $4,856 5 $0 $65,094 $65,094
($216,340)
38.1%
$58,711 $58,711
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
11
34.7%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $56,725 $56,725
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$67,372
NPV
8 $0 $72,170 $72,170
$658,118
361 MBh $2,726 6 $0 $67,372
$0 $69,730
$74,696 $74,696
20 11 $0 $80,017 $80,017
$0 $91,821 $91,821
14 $0 $88,716 $88,716
3.50% 20 $0 $109,055 $109,055
6.00% 19 $0 $105,367 $105,367
$82,817
Defined $0 $98,361 $98,361
20 18 $0
$0 $85,716 $85,716
2008 16 $0 $95,035 $95,035
($163,654)
12,887 cfm $45,105 $69,730
9 $0
$82,817
17
$101,804 $101,804
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($400,000)
($200,000)
$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
$1,600,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
provided by air-cooled chiller. Gas-fired boilers provide
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 7.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV with FPP
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,416 2,400 0.6%
CO2 (lb/yr) 700,456 646,922
957 914 4.5% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
7.6%
0.0%
Space Cooling 273.1 272.7 0.4 0.1%
Pumps N/A N/A
17 6% HVAC Fans 53 9 44 4 9 5
As with Base Case, but with fan-powered parallel
terminal units instead of standard VAV boxes.
(Note: FPP systems have not been modelled for hot-humid or hot-dry
700,456
646,922
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
17.6%
Total 2,336.5 1,901.5 435.0
HVAC Fans 53.9 44.4 9.5
18.6%
18.6%
N/A
( y y
climates as there are insufficient cooling loads for this system to be
viable).
Assumptions
700,456
646,922
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,416
957
2,400
914
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,337
1,902
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$6,399
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
M-7
Cash Flow
$7,093
$0 ($23,841)
4 $0 $7,864 $7,864
$8 425
IRR
3 $0 $7,598 $7,598
2 $0
21 MBh $159 6 $0 $8 425
tons $0 5 $0 $8,140 $8,140
($24,000)
33.1%
$7,342 $7,342
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV with FPP
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
0
29.8%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $7,093 $7,093
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$8,425
NPV
8 $0 $9,025 $9,025
$79,109
21 MBh $159 6 $0 $8,425
$0 $8,719
$9,340 $9,340
20 11 $0 $10,006 $10,006
$0 $11,482 $11,482
14 $0 $11,094 $11,094
3.50% 20 $0 $13,637 $13,637
6.00% 19 $0 $13,176 $13,176
$10,356
Defined $0 $12,300 $12,300
20 18 $0
$0 $10,718 $10,718
2008 16 $0 $11,884 $11,884
($23,841)
0 cfm $0 $8,719
9 $0
$10,356
17
$12,730 $12,730
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
73.3 73.3 0.0
HVAC Fans 53 9 44 4 9 5 17 6%
N/A N/A N/A N/A
7.8%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,340 0.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
935 892 4.6% NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 631,766 7.8%
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Water Cooled VAV with FPP
Heat Rejection
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.0%
0.1%
Pumps
Mechanical
Base Case
685,223
631,766
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
l
b
/
y
r
( y y
viable).
Assumptions
18.9%
N/A
18.9% Total 2,297.4 1,862.6 434.8
HVAC Fans 53.9 44.4 9.5 17.6%
685,223
631,766
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,340
892
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
1,863
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 tons $0 5 $0 $8,129
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Water Cooled VAV with FPP
($24,000) 3 $0 $7,588 $7,588
2 $0 $7,332 $7,332
IRR
1 $0 $7,084 $7,084
$8,129
29.7%
4
0
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
21 $159 6 $0 $8 413 $8 413 MBh
($23,841)
$0 $7,854 $7,854
$0 ($23,841)
33.0%
$7,084
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-7
kWh $0.1535 $445
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 2,901
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $8,708
9
0% 12 $0 $10,342 $10,342
19 $0 $13,158 $13,158
15 $0 $11,467 $11,467
3.50% 20 $0 $13,619 $13,619
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $12,283 $12,283
20 18 $0 $12,713 $12,713
2008 16 $0 $11,868 $11,868
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $10,704 $10,704
14 $0 $11,079 $11,079
21 $159 6 $0
($23,841)
0 cfm $0
$0 $9,328 $9,328
7
20 11 $0 $9,993 $9,993
$8,413 $8,413
NPV
8 $0 $9,013 $9,013
$78,975
$8,708
MBh
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-) 1.8%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,308 2.0%
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 673,185
935 917 1.9% NOX (lb/yr)
N/A N/A
1.8%
0.0%
Space Cooling 195.6 195.6 0.0 0.0%
Pumps N/A N/A
57 3% HVAC Fans 53 9 23 0 30 9
685,223
673,185
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
l
b
/
y
r
57.3%
Total 2,297.4 2,266.5 30.9
HVAC Fans 53.9 23.0 30.9
1.3%
1.3%
N/A
Assumptions
685,223
673,185
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,308
917
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
2,267
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
$0
Electricity 9,056 kWh $0.1535 $1,390
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
M-9
Cash Flow
$1,438
$0 ($4,945)
4 $0 $1,595 $1,595
$1 708
IRR
3 $0 $1,541 $1,541
2 $0
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $1 708
tons $0 5 $0 $1,651 $1,651
($4,945)
32.4%
$1,489 $1,489
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
0
29.1%
Financial Table
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
1 $0 $1,438 $1,438
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
$1,708
NPV
8 $0 $1,830 $1,830
$15,938
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $1,708
$0 $1,768
$1,894 $1,894
20 11 $0 $2,029 $2,029
$0 $2,328 $2,328
14 $0 $2,250 $2,250
3.50% 20 $0 $2,765 $2,765
6.00% 19 $0 $2,672 $2,672
$2,100
Defined $0 $2,494 $2,494
20 18 $0
$0 $2,174 $2,174
2008 16 $0 $2,410 $2,410
($4,945)
0 cfm $0 $1,768
9 $0
$2,100
17
$2,581 $2,581
$0 13
0% 12 $0
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
$30,000
$35,000
$40,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
cooling tower.
34.9 73.3 -38.4
HVAC Fans 53 9 53 9 0 0 0 0%
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,416 2,356 2.5%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
957 935 2.3% NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 700,456 685,223 2.2%
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
Heat Rejection
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
-110.0%
28.4%
Pumps
Mechanical
Base Case
700,456
685,223
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
1.7%
N/A
1.7% Total 2,336.5 2,297.4 39.1
HVAC Fans 53.9 53.9 0.0 0.0%
700,456
685,223
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,416
957
2,356
935
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,337
2,297
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 tons $0 5 $0 $2,089
($10,000) 3 $0 $1,950 $1,950
2 $0 $1,884 $1,884
IRR
1 $0 $1,820 $1,820
$2,089
18.2%
4
0
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0 $0 6 $0 $2 162 $2 162 MBh
($10,000)
$0 $2,018 $2,018
$0 ($10,000)
20.9%
$1,820
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-12
kWh $0.1535 $1,759
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 11,459
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $2,237
9
0% 12 $0 $2,657 $2,657
19 $0 $3,381 $3,381
15 $0 $2,946 $2,946
3.50% 20 $0 $3,499 $3,499
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $3,156 $3,156
20 18 $0 $3,266 $3,266
2008 16 $0 $3,049 $3,049
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $2,750 $2,750
14 $0 $2,847 $2,847
0 $0 6 $0
($10,000)
0 cfm $0
$0 $2,397 $2,397
7
20 11 $0 $2,567 $2,567
$2,162 $2,162
NPV
8 $0 $2,316 $2,316
$16,636
$2,237
MBh
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
system.
73.3 63.6 9.7
HVAC Fans 53 9 53 5 0 4 0 7%
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2.2%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,295 2.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
935 913 2.4% NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 669,990 2.2%
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
Heat Rejection
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
13.2%
14.8%
Pumps
Mechanical
Base Case
685,223
669,990
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
1.7%
N/A
1.7% Total 2,297.4 2,258.3 39.1
HVAC Fans 53.9 53.5 0.4 0.7%
685,223
669,990
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,295
913
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297
2,258
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 tons $0 5 $0 $2,089
Evaporative Cooling
($24,200) 3 $0 $1,950 $1,950
2 $0 $1,884 $1,884
IRR
1 $0 $1,820 $1,820
$2,089
7.5%
4
0
Cash Flow
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0 $0 6 $0 $2 162 $2 162 MBh
($24,200)
$0 $2,018 $2,018
$0 ($24,200)
7.5%
$1,820
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-13
kWh $0.1535 $1,759
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 11,459
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $2,237
9
0% 12 $0 $2,657 $2,657
19 $0 $3,381 $3,381
15 $0 $2,946 $2,946
3.50% 20 $0 $3,499 $3,499
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $3,156 $3,156
20 18 $0 $3,266 $3,266
2008 16 $0 $3,049 $3,049
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $2,750 $2,750
14 $0 $2,847 $2,847
0 $0 6 $0
($24,200)
0 cfm $0
$0 $2,397 $2,397
7
20 11 $0 $2,567 $2,567
$2,162 $2,162
NPV
8 $0 $2,316 $2,316
$3,240
$2,237
MBh
($30,000)
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
unit.
HVAC Fans 53 9 53 9 0 0 0 0%
73.3 0.0 0.0%
0.0%
Pumps
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.0%
935 935 0.0% NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 685,223 685,223 0.0%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,356 2,356 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Temperate
Mechanical
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
Heat Rejection 73.3
685,223 685,223
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
l
b
/
y
r
Assumptions
0.0%
N/A
0.0% Total 2,297.4 2,297.4 0.0
HVAC Fans 53.9 53.9 0.0 0.0%
685,223 685,223
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,356
935
2,356
935
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
2,297 2,297
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Thermal Storage
1 $0 $7,115 $7,115
30 tons $13,325 5 $0 $8,164
($50,000) 3 $0 $7,621 $7,621
2 $0 $7,364 $7,364
IRR
$8,164
19.4%
4
0
Cash Flow
0 $0 6 $0 $8 450 $8 450 MBh
($36,676)
$0 $7,888 $7,888
$0 ($36,676)
22.2%
$7,115
Resource
(+) / Loss (-)
M-13
kWh $0.1535 $6,874
Unit Cost
Loss (-)
Mechanical
Electricity 0
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$0 $8,746
9
0% 12 $0 $10,387 $10,387
19 $0 $13,215 $13,215
15 $0 $11,516 $11,516
3.50% 20 $0 $13,678 $13,678
6.00%
Defined 17 $0 $12,337 $12,337
20 18 $0 $12,768 $12,768
2008 16 $0 $11,919 $11,919
Financial Analysis
$0 13 $0 $10,751 $10,751
14 $0 $11,127 $11,127
0 $0 6 $0
($36,676)
0 cfm $0
$0 $9,369 $9,369
7
20 11 $0 $10,036 $10,036
$8,450 $8,450
NPV
8 $0 $9,052 $9,052
$67,307
$8,746
MBh
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Cold-Alpine
$6,169 M-13 Thermal Storage 11 yrs 0.0% 7.9% 7.8%
M-13 Evaporative Cooling > 20 yrs 2.0% N/A 2.5% ($18,936)
M-12 Water-Cooled Chiller 11 yrs 2.0% 8.7% 8.3% $2,480
$6,441
M-9 Variable Frequency Drives 7.2 yrs 2.0% 14.4% 12.6% $5,404
M-4 Economiser Modes 8.3 yrs 2.9% 12.0% 10.7%
M-3 Heat Recovery 4.9 yrs 5.6% 21.9% 19.1% $53,572
M-2 Demand Ventilation 4 yrs 13.6% 27.0% 23.9% $104,153
$50,991
M-2 Dedicated outside air unit Never -0.4% N/A N/A ($9,415)
49.2% $149,713
B-3 Optimise Building Insulation Immediate 2.9% N/A N/A
$156,071
B-1 Optimise Glazing 2 yrs 13.4% 52.6%
49.1% $156,179
M-7 Water Cooled VAV with FPP 2.1 yrs 14.9% 52.5% 49.0%
$242,546
M-7 Air Cooled VAV with FPP 2.1 yrs 14.6% 52.5%
M-7 Air Cooled VAV 5 yrs 49.1% 21.6% 18.9% $240,067
M-7 Fan Coil Units 11 yrs 33.2% 8.4% 8.1% $31,388
M-7 Condenser Water Heat Pump 6.8 yrs 24.0% 15.3% 13.4% $140,870
NPV
(Over 20 Years)
yrs % % % $
Energy Modelling Results Summary New Hotels Cold-Alpine
The table below summarises the overall energy and financial performance for the modeled new hotel in the cold-alpine climate zone against the baseline building. Energy savings for
Relevant
Action
Group Measure
Cold/Alpine
Fargo, ND
Simple Payback CO2 Reductions IRR
Cost
HVAC Fans 70 6
1,090.9 1,000.1 47.8%
22.9 7.3 24.2%
68 6 2 0
187.2 -24.5 -15.1%
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,348 -0.9%
NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr)
%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
960 7.7%
832,220 720,813 13.4%
0.3.
2,091.0
Building Envelope
1,040
N/A N/A N/A
Space Heating - Elec 30.2
Space Cooling 162.7
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6
2 8%
13.4%
Individual Resource Calculations New Hotels Cold-Alpine
N/A
Heat Rejection 59.5 58.0 1.5 2.5%
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.0 0.0%
832,220
720,813
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A
Assumptions
27.4%
27.4% Total 3,600.6 2,614.2 986.4
HVAC Fans 70.6 68.6 2.0
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.3.
2.8%
Receptacles
832,220
720,813
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,348
960
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601
2,614
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
14 tons $6,309 5 $0 $13,850 $13,850
52.6%
2 yrs
$24,549
$12,069
MBh $1 102 6 $0 $14 334 $14 334 146
($63,866)
4 $0 $13,381
3 $0 $12,929 $12,929
2 $0 $12,492 $12,492
IRR
$13,381
Cash Flow
1 $0 $12,069 $12,069
($24,549) $0 ($24,549)
Simple Payback
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Electricity -4,015 kWh $0.0622 ($250)
Building Envelope
Financial Table
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7
($24,549)
cfm $31,906 $0 $14,836
$0
Financial Analysis 15 $0
Defined 17 $0 $20,928 $20,928
20 18 $0
0% 12 $0 $17,621 $17,621
$21,660 $21,660
$19,536 $19,536
6.00% 19 $0 $22,418 $22,418
3.50% 20 $0 $23,203 $23,203
$0 13 $0 $18,237 $18,237
14 $0 $18,876 $18,876
2008 16 $0 $20,220 $20,220
20 11 $0 $17,025 $17,025
9
MBh $1,102 6 $0 $14,334
$15,893 $15,893
9,116
8 $0 $15,355 $15,355
$14,836
$149,713
$14,334
NPV
146
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
reduced to 0.06.
N/A N/A
Heat Rejection 59.5 50.4 9.1 15.3%
N/A
HVAC Fans 70 6 68 6 2 0 2 8%
Space Cooling 162.7 154.3 8.4 5.2%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
2.9%
N/A
2,091.0 1,957.5 133.5 6.4%
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
2.3% Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,293 1.4%
NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 808,221
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.0 0.0%
Building Envelope
1,040 1,016
2.9%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
MBtu/yr MBtu/yr MBtu/yr % Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
832,220
808,221
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
N/A
Assumptions
Total 3,600.6 3,445.5 155.1
Receptacles N/A N/A N/A
4.3%
N/A
4.3%
HVAC Fans 70.6 68.6 2.0 2.8%
832,220
808,221
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,293
1,016
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601
3,446
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
($7,130)
N/A
$2 438 $2 438 123 MBh $929 6 $0
11 tons $4,950 5 $0 $2,356 $2,356
4 $0 $2,276 $2,276
IRR
3 $0 $2,199 $2,199
2 $0 $2,125 $2,125
Water & sewer 0 Gals N/A $0 0 $0 $22,881
Simple Payback
$22,881
1 $0 $2,053 $2,053
$0.0622 $394
Immediate
$2,053
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Cash Flow
Building Envelope
Electricity
Resource
Loss (-)
6,330 kWh
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$22,881
cfm $24,133
Financial Analysis $3,323
$0 $3,102 $3,102
9 $0
$2,438 $2,438
NPV
$0 13
6.00% 19 $0 $3,813 $3,813
3.50% 20 $0 $3,947 $3,947
0% 12 $0 $2,997 $2,997
15 $0
20 18 $0 $3,684 $3,684
Defined
2008 16 $0 $3,439 $3,439
17 $0 $3,560 $3,560
$3,323
14 $0 $3,211 $3,211
$2,798 $2,798
$2,703 $2,703
20 11 $0 $2,896 $2,896
6,895
8 $0 $2,612 $2,612
$50,991
7 $0 $2,524 $2,524
123 MBh $929 6 $0
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
$70,000
$80,000
$90,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
M-2
1,040 1,047 -0.7% Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,351 -1.0%
NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 835,609 -0.4%
Space Cooling 162.7 176.0 -13.3 -8.2%
72 6 2 0 2 8%
N/A N/A N/A
-0.4%
59.5 60.1
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
-0.6
Pumps
N/A
Heat Rejection
air unit.
-1.0%
HVAC Fans 70 6
832,220 835,609
500,000
1,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,600.6 3,592.7 7.9
N/A N/A N/A N/A
N/A
Base Utilities
0.2%
72.6 -2.0 -2.8%
0.2%
N/A
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A Receptacles
HVAC Fans 70.6
832,220 835,609
0
500,000
1,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,351
1,047
0
2,000
4,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601 3,593
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Electricity -4,631 kWh $0.0622 ($288)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
($6)
Cash Flow
IRR
1 $0 ($6) ($6)
$0
3 $0 ($6) ($6)
2 $0 ($6) ($6)
4 $0 ($7) ($7)
($7) $0 ($7)
($7) 23 MBh $174 6 $0 ($7)
($9,695)
-1 tons ($369) 5
N/A
($9,890)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
($7)
($7)
NPV
20 11 $0 ($8) ($8)
0
8 $0 ($7) ($7)
-$9,415
23 MBh $174 6 $0 ($7)
$0
$0 13 $0 ($9) ($9)
14 $0 ($9) ($9)
2008 16 $0 ($10) ($10)
Financial Analysis
($10) ($10)
20 18 $0 ($11) ($11)
0% 12 $0 ($9) ($9)
3.50% 20 $0 ($11) ($11)
6.00% 19 $0 ($11) ($11)
Defined 17
($8)
7 $0 ($7)
9 $0 ($8)
15 $0 ($9) ($9)
10 $0 ($8) ($8)
$0
($9,890)
cfm
($10,100)
($10,050)
($10,000)
($9,950)
($9,900)
($9,850)
($9,800)
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
35 1%
Heat Rejection
41.4%
HVAC Fans 108 7 70 6 38 1
101.5 59.5 42.0
Space Cooling 246.1 162.7 83.4 33.9%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2,644.5 2,091.0 553.5 20.9%
13.6%
0.0%
Improved Ventilation Air Delivery: Demand Ventilation M-2
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,589 2,327 10.1%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
zone 7.
1,185 1,040 12.2% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 963,141 832,220 13.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
963,141
832,220
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 4,324.3 3,600.6 723.7
N/A
Receptacles
16.7%
N/A
35.1%
16.7%
HVAC Fans 108.7 70.6 38.1
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
963,141
832,220
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,589
1,185
2,327
1,040
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
4,324
3,601
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 MBh $0
($42,000)
$0 $11 916 $11 916
0 tons $77 5 $0 $11,513 $11,513
4 $0 $11,123 $11,123
IRR
6
3 $0 $10,747 $10,747
2 $0 $10,384 $10,384
27.0%
Water & sewer 0 Gals N/A $0 0 $0 ($41,924)
Simple Payback
($41,924)
1 $0 $10,033 $10,033
$10,033
4 yrs
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $3,102
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $12,333
$14,647
$13,211 $13,211 9 $0
0 MBh $0
($41,924)
cfm $0
$0 13 $0 $15,160 $15,160
6.00% 19 $0 $18,636 $18,636
0% 12 $0 $14,647
3.50% 20 $0 $19,288 $19,288
20 18 $0 $18,005 $18,005
Defined 17 $0 $17,397 $17,397
2008 16 $0 $16,808 $16,808
14 $0 $15,691 $15,691
20 11 $0 $14,152 $14,152
$12,333
$12,764
$104,153
$0 $11,916 $11,916
NPV
0
8 $0 $12,764
6
($100,000)
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
19 5%
Heat Rejection
-9.4%
HVAC Fans 70 6 84 4 13 8
59.5 65.1 -5.6
Space Cooling 162.7 185.4 -22.7 -14.0%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2,091.0 1,576.6 514.4 24.6%
5.6%
0.0%
Heat Recovery M-3
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,378 -2.2%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
1,040 1,014 2.5% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 785,224 5.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
832,220
785,224
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,600.6 3,119.7 480.9
N/A
Receptacles
13.4%
N/A
-19.5%
13.4%
HVAC Fans 70.6 84.4 -13.8
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
832,220
785,224
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,378
1,014
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601
3,120
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
185 MBh $1 397
($77,743)
$0 $6 780 $6 780
-3 tons ($1,449) 5 $0 $6,551 $6,551
4 $0 $6,329 $6,329
IRR
6
3 $0 $6,115 $6,115
2 $0 $5,909 $5,909
21.9%
Simple Payback
($29,891)
1 $0 $5,709 $5,709
$5,709
4.9 yrs
Electricity -9,818 kWh
M-3 Heat Recovery
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 ($610)
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $7,018
$8,335
$7,517 $7,517 9 $0
185 MBh $1,397
($29,891)
cfm $47,905
$0 13 $0 $8,626 $8,626
6.00% 19 $0 $10,604 $10,604
0% 12 $0 $8,335
3.50% 20 $0 $10,975 $10,975
20 18 $0 $10,245 $10,245
Defined 17 $0 $9,899 $9,899
2008 16 $0 $9,564 $9,564
14 $0 $8,928 $8,928
20 11 $0 $8,053 $8,053
$7,018
$7,263
$53,572
$0 $6,780 $6,780
NPV
13,687
8 $0 $7,263
6
($40,000)
($20,000)
$0
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
0 3%
Heat Rejection
30.9%
HVAC Fans 70 6 70 4 0 2
59.5 41.1 18.4
Space Cooling 162.7 119.5 43.2 26.6%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2,091.0 2,090.5 0.5 0.0%
2.9%
0.0%
Economizer Modes M-4
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,231 4.1%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
1,040 1,005 3.4% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 808,085 2.9%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
832,220
808,085
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,600.6 3,538.3 62.3
N/A
Receptacles
1.7%
N/A
0.3%
1.7%
HVAC Fans 70.6 70.4 0.2
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
832,220
808,085
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,231
1,005
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601
3,538
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 MBh $0
($10,963)
$0 $1 392 $1 392
0 tons $0 5 $0 $1,345 $1,345
4 $0 $1,299 $1,299
IRR
6
3 $0 $1,255 $1,255
2 $0 $1,213 $1,213
12.0%
Simple Payback
($10,963)
1 $0 $1,172 $1,172
$1,172
8.3 yrs
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $1,126
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $1,440
$1,711
$1,543 $1,543 9 $0
0 MBh $0
($10,963)
cfm $0
$0 13 $0 $1,771 $1,771
6.00% 19 $0 $2,177 $2,177
0% 12 $0 $1,711
3.50% 20 $0 $2,253 $2,253
20 18 $0 $2,103 $2,103
Defined 17 $0 $2,032 $2,032
2008 16 $0 $1,963 $1,963
14 $0 $1,833 $1,833
20 11 $0 $1,653 $1,653
$1,440
$1,491
$6,441
$0 $1,392 $1,392
NPV
0
8 $0 $1,491
6
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
$25,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
88 5%
Heat Rejection
Space Heating - Elec 1,913.9 1,712.5 201.4 10.5%
-57.1%
HVAC Fans 859 1 98 4 760 7
39.6 62.2 -22.6
Space Cooling 286.3 196.6 89.7 31.3%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0%
24.0%
0.0%
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Condensor Water Heat Pump M-7
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,605 5,019 24.0%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
2,432 1,848 24.0% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,669,605 1,268,635 24.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1,669,605
1,268,635
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 4,285.5 3,256.3 1,029.2
N/A
Receptacles
24.0%
N/A
88.5%
24.0%
HVAC Fans 859.1 98.4 760.7
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
1,669,605
1,268,635
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,605
2,432
5,019
1,848
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
4,286
3,256
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 MBh $0
($145,400)
$0 $23 055 $23 055
0 tons $0 5 $0 $22,275 $22,275
4 $0 $21,522 $21,522
IRR
6
3 $0 $20,794 $20,794
2 $0 $20,091 $20,091
15.3%
Simple Payback
($145,400)
1 $0 $19,411 $19,411
$19,411
6.8 yrs
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $18,755
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $23,862
$28,340
$25,561 $25,561 9 $0
0 MBh $0
($145,400)
cfm $0
$0 13 $0 $29,332 $29,332
6.00% 19 $0 $36,056 $36,056
0% 12 $0 $28,340
3.50% 20 $0 $37,318 $37,318
20 18 $0 $34,837 $34,837
Defined 17 $0 $33,659 $33,659
2008 16 $0 $32,521 $32,521
14 $0 $30,359 $30,359
20 11 $0 $27,382 $27,382
$23,862
$24,697
$140,870
$0 $23,055 $23,055
NPV
0
8 $0 $24,697
6
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
14 3%
Heat Rejection
Space Heating - Elec 1,913.9 31.8 1,882.1 98.3%
-81.1%
HVAC Fans 859 1 736 3 122 8
39.6 71.7 -32.1
Space Cooling 286.3 148.8 137.5 48.0%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.0 2,297.6 -2,297.6 0.0%
33.2%
0.0%
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Fan Coil Units M-7
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,605 3,352 49.2%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
2,432 1,436 41.0% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,669,605 1,115,651 33.2%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1,669,605
1,115,651
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 4,285.5 4,472.8 -187.3
N/A
Receptacles
-4.4%
N/A
14.3%
-4.4%
HVAC Fans 859.1 736.3 122.8
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
1,669,605
1,115,651
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,605
2,432
3,352
1,436
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
4,286
4,473
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 MBh $0
($141,041)
$0 $13 636 $13 636
0 tons $0 5 $0 $13,174 $13,174
4 $0 $12,729 $12,729
IRR
6
3 $0 $12,298 $12,298
2 $0 $11,883 $11,883
8.4%
Simple Payback
($141,041)
1 $0 $11,481 $11,481
$11,481
11 yrs
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $38,456
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $14,113
$16,762
$15,118 $15,118 9 $0
0 MBh $0
($141,041)
cfm $0
$0 13 $0 $17,348 $17,348
6.00% 19 $0 $21,325 $21,325
0% 12 $0 $16,762
3.50% 20 $0 $22,072 $22,072
20 18 $0 $20,604 $20,604
Defined 17 $0 $19,908 $19,908
2008 16 $0 $19,234 $19,234
14 $0 $17,955 $17,955
20 11 $0 $16,195 $16,195
$14,113
$14,607
$31,388
$0 $13,636 $13,636
NPV
0
8 $0 $14,607
6
($200,000)
($150,000)
($100,000)
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
91 8%
Heat Rejection
24.7%
HVAC Fans 859 1 70 6 788 5
39.6 29.8 9.8
Space Cooling 286.3 236.5 49.8 17.4%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.0 2,091.0 -2,091.0 0.0%
49.1%
0.0%
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV M-7
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,605 2,395 63.7%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
for climate zone 7.
2,432 1,065 56.2% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,669,605 849,401 49.1%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1,669,605
849,401
1,000,000
2,000,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 4,285.5 3,644.7 640.8
N/A
Receptacles
15.0%
N/A
91.8%
15.0%
HVAC Fans 859.1 70.6 788.5
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
1,669,605
849,401
0
1,000,000
2,000,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,605
2,432 2,395
1,065
0
5,000
10,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
4,286
3,645
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
476 MBh $3 594
($212,000)
$0 $30 582 $30 582
18 tons $7,884 5 $0 $29,548 $29,548
4 $0 $28,549 $28,549
IRR
6
3 $0 $27,583 $27,583
2 $0 $26,650 $26,650
21.6%
Simple Payback
($136,479)
1 $0 $25,749 $25,749
$25,749
5 yrs
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $49,781
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $31,652
$37,593
$33,907 $33,907 9 $0
476 MBh $3,594
($136,479)
cfm $64,043
$0 13 $0 $38,909 $38,909
6.00% 19 $0 $47,829 $47,829
0% 12 $0 $37,593
3.50% 20 $0 $49,503 $49,503
20 18 $0 $46,212 $46,212
Defined 17 $0 $44,649 $44,649
2008 16 $0 $43,139 $43,139
14 $0 $40,271 $40,271
20 11 $0 $36,322 $36,322
$31,652
$32,760
$240,067
$0 $30,582 $30,582
NPV
18,298
8 $0 $32,760
6
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
$700,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
91 8%
Heat Rejection
-50.3%
HVAC Fans 859 1 70 6 788 5
chiller cooling. Heating provided by gas-fired boiler.
39.6 59.5 -19.9
Space Cooling 286.3 162.7 123.6 43.2%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
0.0 2,091.0 -2,091.0 0.0%
50.2%
0.0%
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Water Cooled VAV M-7
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 6,605 2,327 64.8%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
2,432 1,040 57.2% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 1,669,605 832,220 50.2%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
1,669,605
832,220
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 4,285.5 3,600.6 684.9
N/A
Receptacles
16.0%
N/A
91.8%
16.0%
HVAC Fans 859.1 70.6 788.5
Case.
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
1,669,605
832,220
0
200,000
400,000
600,000
800,000
1,000,000
1,200,000
1,400,000
1,600,000
1,800,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
6,605
2,432
2,327
1,040
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
4,286
3,601
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
476 MBh $3 594
($222,001)
$0 $31 570 $31 570
18 tons $7,884 5 $0 $30,502 $30,502
4 $0 $29,471 $29,471
IRR
6
3 $0 $28,474 $28,474
2 $0 $27,511 $27,511
20.8%
Simple Payback
($146,480)
1 $0 $26,581 $26,581
$26,581
5.2 yrs
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $50,585
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $32,675
$38,807
$35,002 $35,002 9 $0
476 MBh $3,594
($146,480)
cfm $64,043
$0 13 $0 $40,166 $40,166
6.00% 19 $0 $49,374 $49,374
0% 12 $0 $38,807
3.50% 20 $0 $51,102 $51,102
20 18 $0 $47,704 $47,704
Defined 17 $0 $46,091 $46,091
2008 16 $0 $44,532 $44,532
14 $0 $41,572 $41,572
20 11 $0 $37,495 $37,495
$32,675
$33,818
$242,546
$0 $31,570 $31,570
NPV
18,298
8 $0 $33,818
6
($200,000)
($100,000)
$0
$100,000
$200,000
$300,000
$400,000
$500,000
$600,000
$700,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
35 8%
Heat Rejection
0.3%
HVAC Fans 70 6 45 3 25 3
29.8 29.7 0.1
Space Cooling 236.5 235.9 0.6 0.3%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2,091.0 1,106.4 984.6 47.1%
14.6%
0.0%
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV with FPP M-7
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,395 2,357 1.6%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
1,065 965 9.4% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 849,401 724,999 14.6%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
849,401
724,999
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,644.7 2,635.8 1,008.9
N/A
Receptacles
27.7%
N/A
35.8%
27.7%
HVAC Fans 70.6 45.3 25.3
( y y
viable).
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
849,401
724,999
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,395
1,065
2,357
965
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,645
2,636
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
222 MBh ($1 676)
($24,000)
$0 $14 959 $14 959
0 tons $0 5 $0 $14,453 $14,453
4 $0 $13,964 $13,964
IRR
6
3 $0 $13,492 $13,492
2 $0 $13,036 $13,036
52.5%
Simple Payback
($25,676)
1 $0 $12,595 $12,595
$12,595
2.1 yrs
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Air Cooled VAV with FPP
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $443
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $15,482
$18,388
$16,585 $16,585 9 $0
-222 MBh ($1,676)
($25,676)
cfm $0
$0 13 $0 $19,032 $19,032
6.00% 19 $0 $23,395 $23,395
0% 12 $0 $18,388
3.50% 20 $0 $24,213 $24,213
20 18 $0 $22,603 $22,603
Defined 17 $0 $21,839 $21,839
2008 16 $0 $21,101 $21,101
14 $0 $19,698 $19,698
20 11 $0 $17,766 $17,766
$15,482
$16,024
$156,179
$0 $14,959 $14,959
NPV
0
8 $0 $16,024
6
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
M-7
1,040 940 9.6% Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,290 1.6%
NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 707,973 14.9%
Space Cooling 162.7 162.4 0.3 0.2%
45 3 25 3 35 8%
N/A N/A N/A
Guest Room Equipment Selection: Water Cooled VAV with FPP
14.9%
59.5 59.5
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
0.0
Pumps
N/A
Heat Rejection
0.0%
HVAC Fans 70 6
832,220
707,973
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,600.6 2,592.1 1,008.5
N/A N/A N/A N/A
N/A
Base Utilities
28.0%
45.3 25.3 35.8%
28.0%
N/A
( y y
viable).
Assumptions
HVAC Fans 70.6
832,220
707,973
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,290
940
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601
2,592
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
$12,587
Cash Flow
IRR
1 $0 $12,587 $12,587
$0
3 $0 $13,484 $13,484
2 $0 $13,028 $13,028
4 $0 $13,956 $13,956
$14,444 $0 $14,444
$14 950 222 MBh ($1 676) 6 $0 $14 950
($24,000)
0 tons $0 5
52.5%
($25,676)
M-7 Guest Room Equipment Selection: Water Cooled VAV with FPP
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$15,473
$14,950
NPV
20 11 $0 $17,755 $17,755
0
8 $0 $16,014 $16,014
$156,071
-222 MBh ($1,676) 6 $0 $14,950
$0
$0 13 $0 $19,020 $19,020
14 $0 $19,686 $19,686
2008 16 $0 $21,088 $21,088
Financial Analysis
$21,826 $21,826
20 18 $0 $22,590 $22,590
0% 12 $0 $18,377 $18,377
3.50% 20 $0 $24,199 $24,199
6.00% 19 $0 $23,381 $23,381
Defined 17
$16,575
7 $0 $15,473
9 $0 $16,575
15 $0 $20,375 $20,375
10 $0 $17,155 $17,155
$0
($25,676)
cfm
($50,000)
$0
$50,000
$100,000
$150,000
$200,000
$250,000
$300,000
$350,000
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
59 5%
Heat Rejection
0.0%
HVAC Fans 70 6 28 6 42 0
59.5 59.5 0.0
Space Cooling 162.7 162.7 0.0 0.0%
Pumps
Space Heating - Gas
N/A N/A N/A N/A
2,091.0 2,091.0 0.0 0.0%
2.0%
0.0%
Variable Frequency Drives M-9
1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,262 2.8%
NOX (lb/yr)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
1,040 1,016 2.3% Lighting
CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 815,857 2.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
832,220
815,857
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,600.6 3,558.6 42.0
N/A
Receptacles
1.2%
N/A
59.5%
1.2%
HVAC Fans 70.6 28.6 42.0
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
832,220
815,857
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,262
1,016
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601 3,559
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
0 MBh $0
($6,299)
$0 $941 $941
0 tons $0 5 $0 $909 $909
4 $0 $878 $878
IRR
6
3 $0 $849 $849
2 $0 $820 $820
14.4%
Simple Payback
($6,299)
1 $0 $792 $792
$792
7.2 yrs
Cash Flow
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
$0.0622 $765
Mechanical
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
7 $0 $974
$1,157
$1,043 $1,043 9 $0
0 MBh $0
($6,299)
cfm $0
$0 13 $0 $1,197 $1,197
6.00% 19 $0 $1,471 $1,471
0% 12 $0 $1,157
3.50% 20 $0 $1,523 $1,523
20 18 $0 $1,422 $1,422
Defined 17 $0 $1,374 $1,374
2008 16 $0 $1,327 $1,327
14 $0 $1,239 $1,239
20 11 $0 $1,117 $1,117
$974
$1,008
$5,404
$0 $941 $941
NPV
0
8 $0 $1,008
6
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
$20,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
M-12
1,065 1,040 2.3% Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,395 2,327 2.8%
NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 849,401 832,220 2.0%
Space Cooling 236.5 162.7 73.8 31.2%
70 6 0 0 0 0%
N/A N/A N/A
2.0%
29.8 59.5
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
-29.7
Pumps
N/A
Heat Rejection
cooling tower.
-99.7%
HVAC Fans 70 6
849,401
832,220
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,644.7 3,600.6 44.1
N/A N/A N/A N/A
N/A
Base Utilities
1.2%
70.6 0.0 0.0%
1.2%
N/A
Assumptions
HVAC Fans 70.6
849,401
832,220
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,395
1,065
2,327
1,040
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,645 3,601
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
$832
Cash Flow
IRR
1 $0 $832 $832
$0
3 $0 $891 $891
2 $0 $861 $861
4 $0 $922 $922
$954 $0 $954
$988 0 MBh $0 6 $0 $988
($10,000)
0 tons $0 5
8.7%
($10,000)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$1,022
$988
NPV
20 11 $0 $1,173 $1,173
0
8 $0 $1,058 $1,058
$2,480
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $988
$0
$0 13 $0 $1,257 $1,257
14 $0 $1,301 $1,301
2008 16 $0 $1,393 $1,393
Financial Analysis
$1,442 $1,442
20 18 $0 $1,493 $1,493
0% 12 $0 $1,214 $1,214
3.50% 20 $0 $1,599 $1,599
6.00% 19 $0 $1,545 $1,545
Defined 17
$1,095
7 $0 $1,022
9 $0 $1,095
15 $0 $1,346 $1,346
10 $0 $1,134 $1,134
$0
($10,000)
cfm
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
$5,000
$10,000
$15,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
M-13
1,040 1,016 2.4% Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,260 2.9%
NOX (lb/yr)
CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 815,312 2.0%
Space Cooling 162.7 131.7 31.0 19.1%
69 7 0 9 1 3%
N/A N/A N/A
Evaporative Cooling
2.0%
59.5 48.0
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
11.5
Pumps
N/A
Heat Rejection
system.
19.3%
HVAC Fans 70 6
832,220
815,312
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,600.6 3,557.2 43.4
N/A N/A N/A N/A
N/A
Base Utilities
1.2%
69.7 0.9 1.3%
1.2%
N/A
Assumptions
HVAC Fans 70.6
832,220
815,312
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,260
1,016
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601 3,557
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Resource
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Mechanical
$819
Cash Flow
IRR
1 $0 $819 $819
$0
3 $0 $877 $877
2 $0 $847 $847
4 $0 $908 $908
$939 $0 $939
$972 0 MBh $0 6 $0 $972
($32,500)
0 tons $0 5
N/A
($32,500)
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
$1,006
$972
NPV
20 11 $0 $1,155 $1,155
0
8 $0 $1,041 $1,041
-$18,936
0 MBh $0 6 $0 $972
$0
$0 13 $0 $1,237 $1,237
14 $0 $1,280 $1,280
2008 16 $0 $1,371 $1,371
Financial Analysis
$1,419 $1,419
20 18 $0 $1,469 $1,469
0% 12 $0 $1,195 $1,195
3.50% 20 $0 $1,574 $1,574
6.00% 19 $0 $1,520 $1,520
Defined 17
$1,078
7 $0 $1,006
9 $0 $1,078
15 $0 $1,325 $1,325
10 $0 $1,116 $1,116
$0
($32,500)
cfm
($35,000)
($30,000)
($25,000)
($20,000)
($15,000)
($10,000)
($5,000)
$0
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
Mechanical
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
M-13
1,040 1,040 0.0% Lighting 1,186.6 1,186.6 0.0 0.0%
% Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Energy End-Use
Base Case
Energy Use
Proposed
Energy Use CO2 (lb/yr) 832,220 832,220 0.0%
Space Cooling 162.7 162.7 0.0 0.0%
Pumps
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
SO2 (lb/yr) 2,327 2,327 0.0%
NOX (lb/yr)
59.5 0.0
Thermal Storage
0.0%
unit.
N/A
0.0%
HVAC Fans 70 6 70 6 0 0 0 0%
Heat Rejection
N/A N/A N/A
59.5
832,220 832,220
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
l
b
/
y
r
Total 3,600.6 3,600.6 0.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
Base Utilities N/A
Receptacles
0.0%
0.0%
N/A N/A
Assumptions
N/A N/A N/A
HVAC Fans 70.6 70.6 0.0 0.0%
832,220 832,220
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
800,000
900,000
Base Case Proposed
l
b
/
y
r
2,327
1,040
2,327
1,040
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
g
/
y
r
Base Case
Proposed
3,601 3,601
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
Base Case Proposed
M
B
t
u
/
y
r
Cash Flow
Mechanical
$0
Savings (+) /
Loss (-)
Loss (-)
Yr.
Costs
(Marginal/Maint/
Replace)
4 $0 $3,158 $3,158
0 $0 ($36,707)
0 MBh $0 6 $0
3 $0 $3,051 $3,051
2 $0 $2,948 $2,948
IRR
7.8%
7.9%
$3 383 $3 383
30
Electricity 0 kWh $0.0622 $2,752
Resource
tons $13,293 5 $0 $3,269 $3,269
($36,707) Water & sewer 0 Gals N/A $0
($50,000)
1 $0 $2,848 $2,848
$2,848
Percent replaced
Replacement Cost
Base Year
Valuation Type
0 MBh $0 6 $0
20 11 $0 $4,018 $4,018
$3,383 $3,383
NPV
($36,707)
$3,751 $3,751
8 $0 $3,624 $3,624
$3,501
14 $0 $4,455 $4,455
2008 16 $0 $4,772 $4,772
Financial Analysis
Defined 17 $0 $4,939 $4,939
20 18 $0 $5,112 $5,112
3.50% 20 $0 $5,476 $5,476
6.00%
$6,169
$4,158
7 $0
19 $0 $5,291 $5,291
15 $0 $4,611 $4,611
$0 13 $0 $4,304
0% 12 $0 $4,158
10 $0 $3,882 $3,882
$4,304
cfm $0 0 $3,501
9 $0
($50,000)
($40,000)
($30,000)
($20,000)
($10,000)
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
0 5 10 15 20
N
e
t

C
a
s
h

F
l
o
w

(
E
n
d

o
f

Y
e
a
r
)
Years
The IHG Green Engage/Soluons program is LEED
Pre-Cered. Many of the Prerequisites and Credited
Acons in this program align with credits in LEED for
Exisng Buildings (EB) 2009, meaning that a hotel that
achieves Green Engage/Soluons Cercaon has
already cked o a number of LEED requirements and is
well on its way to achieving LEED cercaon.
Running your hotel in a sustainable way is not enough
to achieve LEED cercaon; you also have to prove
it by maintaining policies, calculaons, and other
documentaon.
To help with this process, there are a number of Green
Engage/Soluons Level 1 and Level 2 Prerequisite
Acons which require hotels to download, edit and
adopt various sustainable policies, which are based on
LEED credits and prerequisites. In many cases, these
policies come with calculators which are designed to
help hotel managers track their progress and earn
addional credits.
The complete list of these policies and calculators is
provided to the right. These documents are available to
download in editable Word and Excel formats.
Document
Green Engage/
Solutions Action Group
Type of
Action Item
LEED Credit
IHG Green Cleaning Policy O-04 Level 1 Prereq
EQp3, EQc3.3
& EQc3.4
Cleaning Products Purchasing Tool O-04 Level 1 Prereq EQc3.3
Cleaning Equipment Purchases Tool O-04 Level 1 Prereq EQc3.4
Cleaning Equipment Maintenance &
Service Record
O-04 Level 1 Prereq EQc3.4
IHG Energy BMPs Document E-01 Level 1 Prereq EAp1
Sequence of Operations E-01 Level 1 Prereq EAp1
Building Operating Plan E-01 Level 1 Prereq EAp1
Systems Narrative E-01 Level 1 Prereq EAp1
IHG Hotel Water Calculator W-02 Level 1 Prereq WEc1
IHG Waste Audit Procedure G-01 Level 2 Prereq MRc6
IHG Solid Waste Management Policy G-02 Level 1 Prereq
MRp1, MRc7,
MRc8 & MRc9
Waste Tracking Matrix (Ongoing
Consumables)
G-02 Level 1 Prereq MRc7
Waste Tracking Matrix (Durable Goods) G-02 Level 1 Prereq MRc8
Waste Tracking Matrix (Additions and
Alterations)
G-02 Level 1 Prereq MRc9
IHG Sustainable Purchasing Policy P-01 Level 1 Prereq
MRp1, MRc1
& MRc2.1
Sustainable Purchasing Tracking Matrix
(Ongoing Consumables)
P-01 Level 1 Prereq MRc1
Sustainable Purchasing Tracking Matrix
(Durable Goods)
P-01 Level 1 Prereq MRc2.1
IHG Exterior and Hardscape
Management Plan
S-01 Level 2 Prereq SSc2
IHG Integrated Pest Management,
Erosion and Sedimentation and
Landscape Plan
S-01 Level 2 Prereq SSc3
Issued February 1, 2011 1 LEED Documentation - Green Engage/Solutions
IHG Contact
Broadwater Park
Denham, Buckinghamshire UB9 5HR
Laura Noctor
e: laura.noctor@ihg.com
Green Engage/Solutions
Arup
155 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10013
p: +1 212 229 2669
f: +1 212 229 1056
www.arup.com
Karin Giefer
e: karin.giefer@arup.com
Issued on February 1, 2011

IHG Green Engage-Solutions-Issued Feb 1 2011

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

IHG Green Engage-Solutions-Issued Feb 1 2011

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

IHG Green Engage/Solutions

Green Engage/Solutions Issued on February 1, 2011

1 Parucipate in Green Measure

1 Connect Primary Meters to BMS

1 Install Full Cut-O Luminaires

1 High Performance Glazing

1 Use Environmentally Preferable Insulaung

1 Thermally Broken Faade Details

Total Available Points 5 0

1 Incorporate Building Pressurisauon

1 Isolate Building Air Intakes and Ouuakes

1 Isolate Kitchen, Dining and Waste Areas

1 Use Reverberauon Control in Kitchen,

1 Room to Room Noise Isolauon

Total Available Points 5 1

1 Heat Exchanger for Waterside Economiser

1 Addiuonal Heat Recovery Systems

Total Available Points 2 2

Total Available Points 5 4

1 Parucipate in Green Measure

1 Meter Whole Building Water Use

Total Available Points 3 0

1 Parucipate in Green Measure

1 Specify and Install Recycled Content

1 Specify and Install Regionally

1 Use Local Aggregate for Concrete Mix

1 Specify and Install Sustainably

1 Install Linoleum Flooring in Place of Vinyl

1 Designing for Standard Dimensions

Total Available Points 4 0

1 Envelope Dry Out

1 Construcuon Materials Storage/Handling

Total Available Points 5 1

1 Species & Habitat Protecuon

1 Reduce Building Footprint

1 Maximise Open Space

Total Available Points 4 2

1 On-Site Alternauve Transportauon

You might also like