Stage Ages

Infant (Birth 1 yr.) Identify with maternal person

Freud Psychosexual Oral

Erikson Psychosocial Trust vs. Mistrust Basic needs are met Autonomy vs. Shame and doubt

Piaget Cognitive Sensorimotor End of sensorimotor Beginning of Preoperational language, not logical Pre-operational Concrete operations (logical, meanings, literal) Formal operations (abstract, analysis)

Kohlberg Moral

Toddler (1 3 yrs.) Identify with parental persons

Anal

Pre-School (3 6 yrs.) Identify with basic family

Phallic

Initiative vs. Guilt

School age (6 -10/12 yrs.) Identify with neighborhood, school Adolescent (12 18 yrs.) Identify with peers, outgroups, leaders, partners

Latent

Industry vs. Inferiority Identity vs. Confusion

Genital

Preconventional (egocentric, satisfy own needs) Conventional (societal, pleasing others, obeying rules) Post conventional (universal, right vs. wrong)

Freud: Psychosexual o ORAL: BIRTH - 1 YEAR Feeding, sucking satisfaction, sensory input, movement; goal is to learn to cope with dependence, forms symbiotic relationship with mother o ANAL: 1-3 YEARS Concerned with retention and elimination--if successful child learns to master part of external world; goal is autonomy--developing & coping with it o PHALLIC: 3-6 YEARS Self centered, egocentric, narcissistic; infantile genital locomotor, conscious of own power, attempts to resolve Oedipal conflict--then identifies with same sex o LATENT: 6-10\12 YEARS Learns to suppress infantile sexuality, identification of sex role, typically "homosexual," gains cultural & intellectual skills, "gang" stage o GENITAL: PUBERTY - OLD AGE Libido invested in activities that prepare one to deal with mature sex drive; forming friendships, preparing for career, courting, marriage, homosexual to heterosexual orientation Erikson: Psychosocial o TRUST VS MISTRUST (HOPE) BIRTH - 1 YEAR o Consistent response to needs builds trust in environment, self, feeling of inner goodness o AUTONOMY VS SHAME/DOUBT (WILL) 1-3 YEARS o Assertion of will, conflicting independence/dependence, "holding on & letting go," rituals-routines-sameness,

o INITIATIVE VS GUILT (PURPOSE) 3-5/6 YEARS o Play more meaningful/ associative, explore, "intrusive" sex role\identity, imagination, curiosity, fantasy, fears, o INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY (COMPETENCE) 6\7-10/12 YEARS o "Mastery," & work pleasure, need for self esteem, desire to learn, increasing independence, awareness of world o IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION (FIDELITY) EARLY 10-12 YEARS: LATE POST PUBERTY o Physical changes, sense of identity never gained or maintained completely o INTIMACY/SOLIDARITY VS ISOLATION (LOVE) 21 - 35 YEARS o Growth, building, setting life's course, optimism, energy, self reliance, persona & career goals, love relationships o GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION (CARE) 35-60 YEARS o Re-evaluation, time-limited, doubts, concerns -regarding sense of self, lifestyle, family & career issues, responsibilities (burn-out), enjoy authority & involvement o INTEGRITY VS STAGNATION (WISDOM) 60+ YEARS o Satisfaction/dissatisfaction with choices, benefits, losses Piaget: Cognitive o SENSORIMOTOR: BIRTH-2 YEARS o Learns to coordinate actions with what is perceived, and develop object permanence (things exist, even when out of sight) o Use of reflexes o PRE-OPERATIONAL THOUGHT: 2-7 YEARS o Language used to facilitate thought, logic not mature o Animistic thinking o PRE-CONCEPTUAL: 2-4 YEARS o Egocentric thought: "self" perspective o Centration: One thought at a time o INTUITIVE: 4-7 YEARS o Decreasing egocentrism, increased awareness of thoughts of others & developing toward ability to see "other" perspective

CONCRETE OPERATIONS: 7-11 YEARS Logical thought, classification, conservation, reversibility, "Literal " meanings FORMAL OPERATIONS: 11 + YEARS Abstract , logical, analysis, theory construction (Not necessarily "mature")