CrossLam

by

TM

STRUCTURLAM

Cross Laminated Timber Design Guide

Introduction
Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) has been manufactured in Europe for over a decade. CLT is a revolutionary building system that substitutes for concrete, masonry and steel in some applications. Ideal for floors, walls, and roofs, CLT has been described as the perfect structural solution. Structurlam has created its own line of Cross Laminated Timber called CrossLam. Using layers of locally sourced softwood stacked at right angles and glued together, CrossLam provides load distribution and dimensional stability in all directions. With its cross-layered construction, reduced carbon footprint, formaldehyde free adhesive and ready to assemble system, CrossLam by Structurlam is the green choice for schools, health care facilities, public buildings, commercial buildings, and multi-family housing. The contents of this guide provide technical information to allow architects and engineers to specify CrossLam.

Carbon Footprint
The environmental benefits of CrossLam speak for themselves. Because CrossLam is made of wood, it possesses a number of inherent positive environmental characteristics common to all wood products. According to life cycle assessment studies, these include carbon storage, lower greenhouse gas emissions during the manufacturing process, and an overall lighter environmental footprint than non-wood materials.

Table of contents
Introduction Carbon Footprint Benefits of CrossLam Our Approach Panel Characteristics Technical Approvals Load Tables 02 02 03 03 04 04 05-09

Benefits of CrossLam
CrossLam has many of the benefits that other building materials just dont have. Architects and Designers can design with freedom. Up to 6 times lighter than concrete. Dimensional stability and static strength in all directions. Cost competitive against steel and concrete. Reduced construction time. Space creator, 1/3 thinner than concrete. Less demand for skilled workers on site. Engineers receive a strong, stable building. General Contractors receive a proven building system that is predictable and installs with ease. Owners receive an innovative, truly green building that is on budget and on time.

Our Approach
Structurlams CrossLam has all the advantages of prefabricated buildings in addition to the Structurlam Advantage: Our state of the art manufacturing facility allows us to eciently produce large volumes of world class, certified panels. Our planer can finish smooth all 4 sides to expose panel surfaces and ensure a perfect fit. Our Design Team can provide fully engineered design solutions for floors, roof, walls, and all connection details. Our Installation Team can install any size of project. We manufacture panels using environmentally friendly resins that are free from formaldehyde and colour. The Structurlam Team is here to make your project a success. FLOOR SLAB COMPARISON CROSSLAM VS. CONCRETE CrossLam SLAB RATIO VIBRATION CONCRETE SLAB PANEL THICKNESS CLT/CONC CONTROLLED ONE END CONT THICKNESS REQUIRED THICKNESS SPAN dx24 (m) (mm) (mm) (%) (m) 99 150 66 3.5 2.4 169 200 85 4.9 4.1 239 309 260 310 92 100 6.2 7.4 5.8 7.4 3

MAX SPANS (m) SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9

Text in red indicates CrossLam thickness advantage.

Panel Characteristics
Name Layers 3 layers 5 layers 7 layers 9 layers

Panel Layouts

SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9

Depth (mm) 99 169 239 309

Inner Lams (mm) inner lams 35 inner lams 35 inner lams 35 inner lams 35

Outer Lams (mm) outer lams 32 outer lams 32 outer lams 32 outer lams 32

Maximum Panel Size Maximum Planed Panel Size Maximum Thickness Production Widths Panel Edges: Moisture Content Glue Specications Wood Species Surface Qualities Squareness Straightness Dimensional Tolerances

3.0m x 12.2m (10 X 40) 2.4m x 12.2m (8 x 40) 309 mm 2.4m & 3.0m (8 & 10) chamfer on long edges 12% (+/-2%) at time of production Purbond polyurethane adhesive SPF No.1/No. 2, other species available upon request Planed 4 sides Panel face diagonals shall not differ by more than 3.2mm Deviation of edges from a straight line between adjacent panel corners shall not exceed 1.6 mm Thickness: +/- 1.6mm (1/16 in) or 2% of the CrossLam thickness whichever is greater Width: +/- 1.6 mm (1/16 in) per foot (305 mm) of CrossLam width Length: +/- 3.2 mm (1/8 in) up to 6100 mm (20 ft) and +/- 3.2 mm (1/8 in) for each additional 6100 mm

Technical Approvals
CrossLam meets the requirements of the following standard: Standard for Performance Rated CLT ANSI/APA PRG 320 draft by APA 4

CrossLam Floor Panel Load Table

MAX. SPAN (mm) PANEL TYPE single span SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 SLT3 double span SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 triple span SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 SIZE (mm) 99 169 239 309 99 169 239 309 99 169 239 309 1.9 FLOOR LIVE LOAD (kPa, unfactored) 2.4 3.6 OFFICE/ MECHANICAL ROOM RESIDENTIAL CLASSROOM 3490 4920 6200 7370 3700 5150 6500 7800 3725 5250 6550 7825 3490 4920 6200 7370 3700 5150 6500 7800 3725 5250 6550 7825 3220 4920 6200 7370 3650 5150 6500 7800 3500 5250 6550 7825 4.8 ASSEMBLY/ STORAGE 2980 4730 6200 7370 3350 5150 6500 7800 3220 5100 6550 7825 7.2 LIBRARY 2650 4220 5720 7180 2920 4650 6350 7800 2850 4500 6150 7750

Floor

Notes:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Material is S-P-F No.1/No.2 for all laminations. Outer laminations are 32mm thick; inner laminations are 35mm thick. Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in major strength direction: E0 = 9500 MPa; fb,0 = 11.8 MPa; fv,0 = 1.5 MPa; fvr,0 = 0.5 MPa; fc,0 = 11.5 MPa; ft,0 = 5.5 MPa (ref: Table 5.3.1A of CSA-O86-09). Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in minor strength direction: E90 = 9500 MPa; fb,90 = 11.8 MPa; fv,90 = 1.5 MPa; fvr,90 = 0.5 MPa; (ref: Table A3 ANSI/APA PRG 320-75% Draft January 2011). Dead load includes panel self-weight plus 1.0 kPa flooring load. Bold text indicates span governed by vibration; regular text indicates span governed by dead plus live load deflection limit of L/300. All spans are assumed to be equal for multi-span panels. Spans shown represent distance between the centerlines of supports. Maximum spans shown are only to be used for preliminary design. Engineer to ensure that L/300 deflection limit is appropriate for intended use. The following factors were used for calculations: KD = 1.0; KS = 1.0; KT = 1.0; KH = 1.0.

CrossLam Floor Panel Load Table with 2 (50mm) Concrete Topping

MAX. SPAN (mm) PANEL TYPE single span SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 SLT3 double span SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 triple span SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 SIZE (mm) 99 169 239 309 99 169 239 309 99 169 239 309 FLOOR LIVE LOAD (kPa, unfactored) 1.9 2.4 3.6 4.8 OFFICE/ MECHANICAL ASSEMBLY/ RESIDENTIAL CLASSROOM ROOM STORAGE 3350 4920 6200 7370 3700 5150 6500 7800 3725 5250 6550 7825 3230 4920 6200 7370 3700 5150 6500 7800 3600 5250 6550 7825 2990 4730 6200 7370 3420 5150 6500 7800 3300 5200 6550 7825 2800 4450 6020 7370 3180 5050 6500 7800 3070 4860 6550 7825 7.2 LIBRARY 2520 4030 5480 6890 2820 4500 6150 7700 2740 4360 5940 7450

Floor

Notes:
1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Material is S-P-F No.1/No.2 for all laminations. Outer laminations are 32mm thick; inner laminations are 35mm thick. Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in major strength direction: E0 = 9500 MPa; fb,0 = 11.8 MPa; fv,0 = 1.5 MPa; fvr,0 = 0.5 MPa; fc,0 = 11.5 MPa; ft,0 = 5.5 MPa (ref: Table 5.3.1A of CSA-O86-09). Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in minor strength direction: E90 = 9500 MPa; fb,90 = 11.8 MPa; fv,90 = 1.5 MPa; fvr,90 = 0.5 MPa; (ref: Table A3 ANSI/APA PRG 320 - 75% Draft January 2011). Dead load includes panel self-weight plus 1.0 kPa flooring load, and weight of 2 (50mm) normal weight concrete topping. Bold text indicates span governed by vibration; regular text indicates span governed by dead plus live load deflection limit of L/300. All spans are assumed to be equal for multi-span panels. Spans shown represent distance between the centerlines of supports. Maximum spans shown are only to be used for preliminary design. Engineer to ensure that L/300 deflection limit is appropriate for intended use. The following factors were used for calculations: KD = 1.0; KS = 1.0; KT = 1.0; KH = 1.0.

CrossLam Wall Panel Load Table (Axial Loading Only)

Panel d (mm) L (m) 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.5 9.0 385 332 276 223 178 143 114 699 650 599 547 494 442 392 345 303 265 232 203 177 SLT3 99 SLT5 169 Pr (kN/m) 949 904 861 818 773 728 681 633 587 541 496 454 415 378 344 1179 1134 1093 1054 1014 975 934 893 851 808 764 721 678 637 596 SLT7 239 SLT9 309

Wall

Pr = Fcb A Kzc KC Material is S-P-F No.1/No.2 for all laminations. Outer laminations are 32mm thick; inner laminations are 35mm thick. Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in major strength direction: E0 = 9500 Mpa; fb,0 = 11.8 Mpa; fv,0 = 1.5 Mpa; fvr,0 = 0.5 Mpa; fc,0 = 11.5 Mpa; ft,0 = 5.5 Mpa (ref: Table 5.3.1A of CSA 086-09). 5. Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in minor strength direction: E90 = 9500 Mpa; fb,90 = 11.8 Mpa; fv,90 = 1.5 Mpa; fvr,90 = 0.5 Mpa (ref: Table A3 ANSI/APA PRG 320-75% Draft January 2011). 6. Wind load has not been included. 7. Where the Pr values are not given, the slenderness ratio exceeds 50 (maximum permitted; CSA 086-09). 8. The following factors were used for calculations: KD=0.65; KS=1.0; KT=1.0; KH=1.0; Ke=1.0. 9. Eccentricity of axial load has not been included. 10. These values are to be used for preliminary design only. 7

1. 2. 3. 4.

Notes:

Wall
CrossLam Wall Panel Load Table (In-Plane Shear Loading Only)
Panel d (mm) SLT3 99 95 SLT5 169 Vr (kN/m) 190 285 380 SLT7 239 SLT9 309

1. Computed values based on In-Plane Shear Capacity and Veri cation Methods by Prof. G. Schickhofer, University of Graz. 2. Material is S-P-F No. 1/No. 2 for all laminations. 3. Outer laminations are 32mm thick; inner laminations are 35mm thick. 4. Specified modulus of strength: fv,clt,k = 5.0 Mpa; fT,clt,k = 2.5 Mpa ref: BSPhandbuch Holz-Massivbauweise in Brettsperrholz Technical University of Graz). 5. The following factors were used for calculations: kmod = 0.8; ym = 1.25. 6. Minimum width of wood used in lay-up is 89mm. 7. Values are for SLT panel only, not for shear connectors. 8. These values are to be used for preliminary design only.

Notes:

CrossLam Roof Panel Load Table

MAX. SPAN (mm) PANEL TYPE SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 SLT3 double span SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 triple span SLT3 SLT5 SLT7 SLT9 SIZE (mm) 99 169 239 309 99 169 239 309 99 169 239 309
1.1 PENTICTON

Roof
1.6

ROOF SNOW LOAD (kPa, unfactored)

2.2 2.9 PRINCE GEORGE 3.3 8.5

VANCOUVER NANAIMO

SQUAMISH WHISTLER

single span

4450 6800 8920 10900 5400 8250 10900 13300 5160 7900 10350 12650

4120 6360 8420 10330 4950 7650 10150 12500 4750 7300 9700 11850

3820 5950 7920 9770 4550 7100 9450 11700 4400 6800 9100 11200

3550 5570 7450 9230 4200 6600 8850 11000 4050 6350 8500 10550

3420 5390 7220 8970 4050 6350 8550 10600 3900 6100 8200 10200

2510 4050 5520 6940 2900 4650 6350 8000 2850 4550 6150 7750

Notes:
1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.

Material is S-P-F No. 1/No. 2 for all laminations. Outer laminations are 32mm thick; inner laminations are 35mm thick. Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in major strength direction: E0 = 9500 MPa; fb,0 = 11.8 MPa; fv,0 = 1.5 MPa; fvr,0 = 0.5 MPa; fc,0 = 11.5 MPa; ft,0 = 5.5 MPa (ref: Table 5.3.1A of CSA-O86-09). Specified modulus of elasticity and strength in minor strength direction: E90 = 9500 MPa; fb,90 = 11.8 MPa; fv,90 = 1.5 MPa; fvr,90 = 0.5 MPa; (ref: Table A3 ANSI/APA PRG 320 - 75% Draft January 2011). Dead load includes panel self-weight plus 0.5 kPa roofing load. Maximum span is governed by dead plus snow load deflection limit of L/300. All spans are assumed to be equal for multi-span panels. Spans shown represent distance between the centerlines of supports. Maximum spans shown are only to be used for preliminary design. Engineer to ensure that L/300 deflection limit is appropriate for intended use. The following factors were used for calculations: KD = 1.0; KS = 1.0; KT = 1.0; KH = 1.0. Shear stiffness has been reduced by 50% to account for creep deformation. Snow load is based on BCBC 2006 with the following factors: Is = 1.0 for ULS; Is = 0.9 for SLS; Cw = 1.0; CS = 1.0; Ca = 1.0.

For more information please contact us.

BC Interior, AB, MB, SK & Eastern Canada Dave Gardner 2176 Government St. Penticton, BC Canada V2A 8B5 t: 250 492 8912 f: 250 492 8906 e: dgardner@structurlam.com Ontario, Quebec, Atlantic Canada Patrick Chouinard 371 Front Street W., Suite 237 Toronto, ON Canada M5K 3S8 t: 647-467-6070 e: pchouinard@structurlam.com Pacic Canada & International Colin Chornohus, AScT. 200-9292 200th St. Langley, BC Canada V1M 3A6 t: 604 455 0709 f: 604 882 7300 e: cchornohus@structurlam.com USA Kris Spickler, P.E. 4120 Douglas Blvd. #306-502 Granite Bay, CA USA 95746 t: 916 797 5588 f: 866 801 1654 e: kris@structurlam.com

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