CHEMISTRY - SYLLABUS INTERMEDIATE COURSE - FIRST YEAR 1. ATOMIC STRUCTURE 12 Periods 1.

1 Types of Electromagnetic radiation - wave nature and photon concept Electromagnetic radiation. Simple description of Emission, Absorption, Line and Band spectra - Atomic spectrum of Hydrogen (simple decription). 1.2 Bohr's Model of Atom. Expressions for the Energy and radius of the Hydrogen atomic orbits with derivations - Explanation of the atomic spectrum of hydrogen. 1.3 Wave nature of matter - De - Broglie relation - Heisenherg Uncertainity principle with simple calculations/problems. 1.4 Sommerfeld's Theory. Quantum numbers. Pauli's exclusion Principle. 1.5 Schrofinger's wave equation (elementary treatment) - shapes of s, p and d atomic orbitals with emphasis on nodal planes. 1.6 Stability and magnetic behaviour of atoms - Based on concepts of electronic configuration. II. PERIODIC TABLE 10 Periods 2.1 Modern periodic table - s, p, d & f block elements. 2.2 Periodicity of properties with respect to atomic size, ionic radius, oxidation state Ionization potential, electron affinity and electronegativity in groups and periods. III. CHEMICAL BOND 12 Periods 3.1 Effect of Ionization potential, electron affinity and electronegativity on the nature of chemical bond. 3.2 Characteristics of crystalline ionic compounds - Lattice energy. 3.3 Born-Haber cycle - Crystal structure of Nacl and CsCl. 3.4 Covalent compounds - BeCl2, BF3, CO2, NH3, H2O, PCl5, SF6, CH4, C2H4, C2H2. 3.5 Valence Bond theory of covalent bond - overlap of orbitals - Sigma and Pi bonds and multiple bonds. Bond length, bond angle and bond energy. 3.6 Types of Hybridization SP, SP2, SP3, dsp3, d2sp3 and shapes of molecules. VSEPR Theory. 3.7 Polarity of covalent bond concept of dipole moment - Dipole moments of HCL, H2O, SO2, NH3, CH4, CCl4. 3.8 Hydrogen bond - intra molecular and inter molecular Hydrogen bonding. 3.9 Metallic Bond (elementary treatment). IV. GASEOUS STATE 8 Periods 4.1 Derivation of ideal gas equation. 4.2 Graham's law of diffusion - Dalton's law of partial pressure - simple numerical problems. 4.3 Kinetic theory of gases - Postulates - Derivation of the expression PV=1/3 mnc2. 4.4 Deduction of gas laws (Boyle's law. Charle's law. Daltion's law and Gabam's law) from PV=1/3 mnc2. 4.5 Distribution of molecular velocities RMS velocity and its variation with temperature average velocity, most probable velocity, average kinetic energy of the molecules. V. STOICHIOMETRY 8 Periods 5.1 Mole concept, Oxidation numbers. 5.2 Balancing of Redox ractions by ion-electron (half-reaction) methods. 5.3 Balancing of Redox reactions by Oxidation number method. 5.4 Numerical calculations based on equations relating to all types of chemical reactions. (Excluding problems based on molarity, normality and energy changes). 5.5 Calculation of emperical and molecular formulae of carbon compounds

VI. HYDROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS 6 Periods 6.1 Position of Hydrogen in periodic table. 6.2 Hardness of Water and its removal. 6.3 Heavy water and its properties and uses. 6.4 Preparation, properties and uses of H2O2 and structure. VII. ALKALI AND ALKALINE EARTH METALS 8 Periods 7.1 General characteristics of alkali metals, chemical properties with reference to Oxides, halides, carbonates. 7.2 Occurance, extraction, properties and uses of Sodium and Magnesium. 7.3 Preparation, properties and uses of the following compounds, Sodium Hydroxide, Sodium Carbonate, Sodium biocarbonate, Plaster of Paris, Lime Mortar and Gypsum. VIII - III - GROUP ELEMENTS 5 Periods 8.1 General discussion of the III Group elements. Chemical properties with reference to oxides, Halides and Hydroxides. 8.2 Extraction, properties and uses of Aluminium. 8.3 Preparation, properties and uses of potash Alum. 8.4 Preparation, properties and structure of Diborane. IX - IV - GROUP ELEMENTS 5 Periods 9.1 General discussion of 4th Group elements - structure and uses of diamond and graphite with emphasis on hybridisation of carbon atom. 9.2 Preparation, properties and uses of Silicon Dioxide, comparison of Sio2 with CO2. 9.3 Manufacture and uses of producer gas and water gas. X. CHEMISTRY OF CARBON COMPOUNDS 10 Periods 10.1 Classification of Hydrocarbons. 10.2 Homologous series, nomenclature of aliphatic hydrocarbons. 10.3 Structural Isomerism. 10.4 Preparation, properties, structure and uses of Methane, Ethane, Ehylene, Acetylene. 10.5 Preparation properties and structure of Benezene. XI. NOBLE GASES 6 Periods 11.1 Discovery, occurance, isolation and uses of noble gases. 11.2 Structural aspects of Xenon compounds (Oxides & Fluorides). XII. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 6 Periods 12.1 Environment, Terminology - Pollutant, contaminant, Recepter, sink, speciation, dissolved oxygen, Threshold limit. 12.2 AIR POLLUTION : Common air pollutions CO and Oxides of N & S acid rains and green house effect. 12.3 Water pollutions : Common Water pollutants, Organic Pollutant Biological oxygen demand, Inorganic pollutants, Water treatment with respect to flourine content, Ozone layer and effect of freons.

1. V A GROUP ELEMENTS: 1.1 V A group elements - Nitrogen and Phosphorus General characteristics with special reference to Hydrides, Oxides, Halides, Structural aspect of Oxy-acids. 1.2 Preparation and uses of Ammonia and super-phosphate. 06 Periods 2. VI A GROUP ELEMENTS: 2.1 Oxygen and sulphur - Allotropy - General characteristics with special reference to Hydries, Oxides (SO 2 , SO 3 ) Halides, Structural aspect of Oxy acids. 2.2 Preparation and properties of Ozone and Sodium thiosulphate. 06 Periods 3. VII A GROUP ELEMENTS: 3.1 General characteristics of Halogens. 3.2 Preparation, properties and uses of flourine and chlorine. 3.3 Oxides and oxy-acids of chlorine only (only structural treatment and oxidation states). 3.4 Preparation, properties and uses of Bleaching Powder. 06 Periods 4. TRANSITION-ELEMENTS (d-BLOCK ELEMENTS): Definition - General characterisitcs of 3d series with special reference to variable Oxidation states, magnetic properties, colour, formation of alloys and complex compounds - Werner's theory. 5. SOLUTIONS: 5.1 Methods of expressing concentration of solutions - Molarity, Molality,normality and molefraction. 5.2 Vapour pressure-effect of temperature on Vapour pressure-Vapour pressure and Boiling point. Relative lowering of vapour pressure-Raoult's law (elementary treatment). 08 Periods 6. ACIDS AND BASES: 6.1 Theories of Acids and Bases Lowry - Bronsted concept Lewis theory of acids and bases. 6.2 Ionic product of water, PH, Buffers - Numerical problems on these, Indicators - Choice of indicators, PH-range and uses. 6.3 Salt hydrolysis - Types of hydrolysis with examples. 10 Periods 7. CHEMICAL KINETICS, CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND ENERGETICS: 7.1 Concepts of reaction rate, factors affecting reaction rates, Rate law, rate constant and its units. Order and Molecularity - First order rate equation and half life - Collission Theory of reaction rate (No derivation). 7.2 Reversible and Irreversible reactions. Concept of chemical equilibrium - Law of Mass Action- chemical equilibrium-Kc, Kp and their relationship with respect to Ammonia and Sulphur Trioxide. 7.3 Lechatelier's Principle and its application to the industrial processes like Ammonia and Sulphur Trioxide. 7.4 Thermochemistry: Exothermic and Endothermic reactions with examples - Heat of reaction (the relation between DE and DH) Combustion, formation, solution and neutralisation - Hess's law of constant heat summation. 14 Periods 8. ELECTRO-CHEMISTRY: 8.1 Electrolytes and Non-electrolytes. 8.2 Faraday's laws of electrolysis. 8.3 Galvanic & Voltaic cells - representation 06 Periods 8.4 Nernst equation (No derivation) - e.m.f. calculations. 9. NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY: 9.1 Composition of Nucleus - Isotopes, Isotones, Isobars, Isodiaphers, Nuclear stability Factors effecting Nuclear stability, mass defect, binding energy, Average binding energy, N/P ratio, Magic Numbers). 9.2 Radio-active disintegration and its rate-Half-life and average life. 9.3 Natural and artificial radio-activity, disintegration series-Group displacement lawTypes of Nuclear reactions (fission and fusion)-Differences between Nuclear and Chemical reactions- Radio-active isotopes and their applications Idoine 131 , Cobalt 60 , Sodium 24 , C 14 and P 30 .

10. SURFACE CHEMISTRY : 10.1 Adsorption and absorption. Physical and chemical adsorption-distinguishing properties-Adsorption of gases on Metals Adsorption from solutions (Elementary treatment). 10.2 Colloidal state:- True and colloidal solutions - Explanation of the terms - Dispersion medium, dispersed phase, Iyo-phillic and Iyo-phobic sols using the examples; smoke, cloud, blood, milk, starch solution and gold sol. 10.3 Emulsions:- Emulsifying agent and emulsification - its applications. Miscelles cleansing action of soap. 123456789 10.4 Catalysis - Explanation of the terms - Homogeneous and Hetero-geneous catalysis distinctions with suitable Examples-auto-catalysis with one example. 08 Periods 11. CARBON COMPOUNDS 11.1 Alkyl Halides - Nomenclature-Preparation, properties and uses of Ethyl chloride and chloroform. 11.2 Oxygen compounds:- Nomenclature of Alcohols, Ethers, Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic acids. Preparation, properties and uses of Ethyl Alcohol, Diethyl ether, Acetaldehyde, Acetone and Acetic acid. 11.3 Nitro-compounds-Nomenclature of Amines and Nitro-compounds- Preparation, Properties and uses of Nitro-benzene and aniline. 14 Periods 12. CHEMISTRY IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE: 12.1 Brief Survey on the importance of Metals in the bio-molecules viz., Haemoglobin Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin Bl2) and Chlorophyll-basic structure, function of metal ions and uses. 12.2 Common drugs used in Medicine-Acetyl Salicylic Acid (Aspirin)-Paracetamol, Methyl Salicylate (Oil of winter green) preparation and uses only. 08 Periods