Instructions and guidelines to the contractor for painting of exterior wall of IE(I),DURGAPUR CHAPTER,Nehru Avenue

Essential preparation advice for contractor of exterior painting As the surface is very bad it may be necessary to wash some of it down first with a detergent solution to remove dirt, grease etc and it will help give the best results. Rinse off with clean water and allow too dry. Carefully scrape back to a firm edge all areas of poorly adhering or defective coatings and rub down thoroughly to "key and feather" broken edges of existing coatings. Don't use a wire brush as bits of the wire may break off embedding themselves in the surface, which may rust when the paint is applied. Treat any areas affected by mould, lichens, algae and moss with Multi-Surface Fungicidal Wash. Make good minor defects with an appropriate Polycell filler. New concrete/plaster surface should be allowed to mature and dry out properly. Ensure that the surface is clean, dry, free from all loose particles, dust, dirt, grease. wax etc. before application. All surfaces should be thoroughly rubbed down using a suitable abrasive paper and thereafter wiped off. Suitable remedial measures should be taken in case of water seepage/leakage problems. Fungus affected areas need separate treatment.

Wash

To save time at the end, do the job right at the beginning. Having a clean surface is very crucial to exterior paint preparation. Remove all the mildew, dirt and excessive chalking by washing all your exterior surfaces. The best place to start is with pressure washing. It is the best way to remove any chalking from the paint surface. When deciding if you want to use a pressure washer one thing to take into consideration is how big an area you have to wash. As the area is more than 500 square feet, then it is best to use a pressure washer. Mildewed surfaces can be washed with a mixture of one quart of household bleach in a gallon of water. Loose caulking will have to be scraped off first and then the surface washed. The most effective way to get rid of mold and mildew from the exterior is to use a power washer with a cleaning solution. The best cleaning solution is a mixture of bleach and TSP (tri-sodium phosphate)..

2. Scrap and Sand Any and all loose paint must be found and gotten rid of because this forms the foundation for the entire paint job. Of all of the exterior paint preparation steps this is actually considered by many to be the most laborious part of exterior painting. What power washing doesn't catch, scraping and sanding will. You want to combine your scraping and sanding in one step, as each of these processes can find loose paint that the other technique may have missed. If you are working with a rough wood, such as sawn cedar, your only choice may be to use a wire brush. The wire brush can be attached to a power drill for use. As with any job, you need to be careful of the environment. As the building is old ,the exterior finish might contain lead based paint. Lead paint safety is a major concern when painting. Make sure you protect yourself and other who are on work.

3. Caulk Caulk around windows and door trim. Caulk any cracks in the siding. Caulk boards that butt up to each other. Just be sure the caulk is paintable. This is a critical step in the exterior preparation process. Properly applied caulking will save the paint job from future damage by weather extremes.

4. Mask One of the last things you will want to do before you begin painting is to make sure you protect everything. Make sure you use drop cloths to protect all of your landscaping, walkways, porches and driveways. Also, mask off windows and light fixtures using paper, painter's tape and plastic. Intricate trim will look neater if you mask it off as well, rather than expecting the trim paint to cover overspray or misplaced brush strokes.

5. Prime Give the top coat a solid base to adhere to. Use a primer to ensure that the new paint adheres securely to the wall. Always use top quality products. Using top quality products from the beginning is a must so your end product looks its best for as many years as possible. Asian paints is preferred

General Problems - During painting and their causes are given below. Workmanship to be of highly skilled nature to avoid the same.Causes also mentioned

Paint not hiding the previous coating Possible Causes Too much thinning of paint than desired Previous paint-coating very dark and topcoat applied without primer-putty primer Recommended number of coats of paint not applied Poor Coverage Possible Causes Less thinning than recommended Surface being painted is rough or not prepared as recommended Applied more coats than needed Poor quality of application tools Dust/bittiness on new paintwork Possible Causes Dust or dirt in the atmosphere settling on the surface during or after application. During surface preparation, the surface is not cleaned properly after sanding. Therefore loose particles may get mixed with the paint while application. Use of a dirty application tool. Poor gloss level in solvent based paints Possible Causes Painting in cold and damp condition, that causes condensation on the newly painted surface. Use of incorrect solvent, contaminated solvent or solvent with traces of water Application of paint in a poorly ventilated room Lack of adherence to manufacturers recommendation for necessary gap between subsequent coats Sagging/Running of Paint Possible Causes Application of too thick paint coating at a time Over dilution of paint Application of paint on a very smooth surface( without sanding) Slow Drying

Possible Causes Too thick application High humidity and/or low temperature during paint application Improper ventilation, Application being done in confined area Use of contaminated/ improper thinner and not the recommended thinner Lack of adherence to recommended dilution ratio Recommended system usage not adhered to. For instance, not adding adequate hardener in a two pack system like Melamine, PU. Shade Variation Possible Causes Paint not thoroughly mixed prior to application Application of very thin or thick coat over the surface Use of light top coats over very deep undercoats. Use of colored or dirty thinner for thinning paint sample

Special care to be taken to avoid problems after painting ,explained below

Powdery/Chalky Surfaces

Possible Causes Over thinned paint applied on the surface Highly porous and absorbent surface making film under bound. Paint film deteriorating due to action of sunlight , oxygen ,salty air etc Flaking of paint film Possible Causes Substrate not dry -moisture beneath the paint film. Painting over rust results in little or no adhesion Painting on an inadequately prepared surface. Dampness Possible Causes Broken or defective plumbing or some other general building defect. Paint should not be applied until the source of dampness is addressed. Efflorescence /Blistering in walls Possible Causes Moisture beneath the paint film can cause crystallisation of salt from building material such as bricks. Paint should not be applied until the efflorescence has ceased to appear and has been removed.


Algae/Fungus Growth on Painted Surfaces Possible Causes Algal/Fungal growths are most likely to occur in damp conditions or on surfaces with a high moisture content. Algae growth on exterior masonry can be a problem in sheltered environments that are in close proximity to trees and bushes.

Brush Marks

Possible Causes Too thick application - paint not thinned as per recommendation. Application done on very rough surface or highly absorbing surface Poor brush condition Poor painter skill Fading Possible Causes Use of interior paint for exterior applications Direct prolonged exposure of an interior surface to sunlight Use of inappropriate colorants for creating shades

Packshot

Product Name Asian Paints Apex Ultima Advanced Anti Algal Weather Proof Emulsion

Substrate

Coverage* (2 Coats)

Durability** 7 years

System Usage Asian Paints Exterior Wall Primer @100% dilution. 2 coat Apex Ultima application @35-40% dilution. 4-6 hrs between coats

Exterior cement 50 - 60 sq ft / ltr plaster, false ceilings, asbestos sheets, concrete, not to be applied on Mangalore tiles

Asian Paints Apex Exterior cement 50 - 60 sq ft / ltr Weather Proof plaster, false Exterior Emulsion ceilings, asbestos sheets, concrete, not to be applied on Mangalore tiles

5 years

2 coat Apex application @ 40% dilution 4 hrs between coats

ASIAN PAINT GUIDE

Horizontal surfaces like awnings, chajjas, terrace borders, etc. should be given one additional coat for better protection as these areas are prone to water accumulation. No interior primer or putty or Plaster of Paris is to be applied under the exterior finishes. Doing so will affect the performance of the paint. *New surfaces must be coated with one additional coat of self priming (1:1 by volume) with water. ** The cement coating has to be done within 2 hours of mixing with water. After the coating and after 4 hours of drying, curing with water to be done 2 - 3 times a day for one coat.

EXTERIORS Sr. Name of Thinner Thinner No of coats Undercoat Recoating No. Paint for 1 recommended applied Time ltr/kg of and (hrs) paint In application mls 1 AP 100 Exterior Sealer AP 900 Exterior 1100 Primer AP APEX Stretch 350 400 Water 1 - Brushing -4

Water

1 - Brushing

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Water

2 - Brushing

*Self 6 Priming Coat With 100% dilution AP Exterior Primer Or Exterior Sealer AP Exterior Primer/ 4-6

AP APEX Ultima

350 400

Water

2 - Brushing

AP 400 APEX Weather

Water

2 - Brushing

4-6

Proof Emulsion 6 AP 100 APEX 200 Textured Exterior Emulsion AP ACE 700 Exterior 800 Emulsion Water 2 - Brushing

Old cement paint* AP 4-6 Exterior Primer/ Old cement paint* AP 4 Exterior Sealer and Exterior Primer /Old Cement paint* -** Overnight

Water

2 - Brushing

AP GWCC

1000 v/v Water

2 - Brushing

ANCILLARIES Sr. Name of Thinner Thinner No of coats Undercoat Recoating No. Paint for 1 recommended applied Time ltr/kg of and (hrs) paint In application mls 1 AP Wall Primer (WT) AP Wall Primer (ST) AP Apcolite Knifing Filler, Grey AP Acrylic Wall Putty 1000 Water 1 - Brushing -3-4

200 250

T - 101 1 - Brushing or MTO

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6-8

Upto 50 T - 101 1 or 2 - by by wt (if or MTO Putty knife needed)

AP Wall 6-8 Primer (ST) or AP Metal Primer (WT) AP Wall 4-6 Primer (ST) Or AP Wall Primer (WT) -8

Upto 50 Water by wt (if needed)

1 or 2 - by Putty knife

AP Wood 80 - 100 T - 101

1 - Brushing

Primer White and Pink 6 AP 30 - 50 Tractor Oil primer AP Metal 20 - 40 primer Corrosion Resistant (AMPRO)

or MTO

T - 101 1 - Brushing or MTO T - 101 1 - Brushing or MTO

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