EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) defined as the ethical behavior of a company towards the society, manifests itself in the form of such noble programs initiated by for-profit organizations. CSR has become increasingly prominent in the Indian corporate scenario because organizations have realized that besides growing their businesses it is also vital to build trustworthy and sustainable relationships with the community at large. This is one of the key drivers of CSR programs. Another reason fuelling this rapid adoption of CSR is the state of the Indian society. Though India is one of the fastest growing economies, socio-economic problems like poverty, illiteracy, lack of healthcare etc. are still ubiquitous and the government has limited resources to tackle these challenges. This scenario has opened up several areas for businesses to contribute towards social development. CSR is not a new concept in India. Corporates like the Tata Group, the Aditya Birla Group, and Indian Oil Corporation, to name a few, have been involved in serving the community ever since their inception. Many other organizations have been doing their part for the society through donations and charity events. Today, CSR in India has gone beyond merely charity and donations, and is approached in a more organized fashion. It has become an integral part of the corporate strategy. Companies have CSR teams that devise specific policies, strategies and goals for their CSR programs and set aside budgets to support them. At the present time importance is given to green leadership so that these green leaders can encourage others to follow a sustainable path. The importance of our survey is to find out the role & importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and green leadership in the business field. We gained much knowledge through this survey.
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INTRODUCTION
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
(CSR, also called corporate conscience, corporate citizenship, social performance, or sustainable responsible business) is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. CSR policy functions as a built-in, self-regulating mechanism whereby business monitors and ensures its active compliance with the spirit of the law, ethical standards, and international norms. The goal of CSR is to embrace responsibility for the company's actions and encourage a positive impact through its activities on the environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of the public sphere. Furthermore, CSR-focused businesses would proactively promote the public interest by encouraging community growth and development, and voluntarily eliminating practices that harm the public sphere, regardless of legality. CSR is the deliberate inclusion of public interest into corporate decision-making, that is the core business of the company or firm, and the honouring of a triple bottom line: people, planet, profit. The term "corporate social responsibility" came in to common use in the late 1960s and early 1970s, after many multinational corporations formed. The term stakeholder, meaning those on whom an organization's activities have an impact, was used to describe corporate owners beyond shareholders as a result of an influential book by R. Edward Freeman, Strategic management: a stakeholder approach in
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1984. Proponents argue that corporations make more long term profits by operating with a perspective, while critics argue that CSR distracts from the economic role of businesses. Others argue CSR is merely window-dressing, or an attempt to preempt the role of governments as a watchdog over powerful multinational corporations. CSR is titled to aid an organization's mission as well as a guide to what the company stands for and will uphold to its consumers. Development business ethics is one of the forms of applied ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that can arise in a business environment. ISO 26000 is the recognized international standard for CSR (currently a Draft International Standard). Public sector organizations (the United Nations for example) adhere to the triple bottom line (TBL). It is widely accepted that CSR adheres to similar principles but with no formal act of legislation. The UN has developed the Principles for Responsible Investment as guidelines for investing entities.

KEY DRIVERS OF CSR

Enlightened self-interest - Creating a synergy of ethics, a cohesive society and a sustainable global economy where markets, labour and communities are able to function well together. Social investment - Contributing to physical infrastructure and social capital is increasingly seen as a necessary part of doing business.
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 Transparency and trust - Business has low ratings of trust in public perception. There is increasing expectation that companies will be more open, more accountable and be prepared to report publicly on their performance in social and environmental arenas. Increased public expectations of business - Globally companies are expected to do more than merely provide jobs and contribute to the economy through taxes and employment.

APPROACHES
Some commentators have identified a difference between the Continental European and the Anglo-Saxon approaches to CSR. And even within Europe the discussion about CSR is very heterogeneous. An approach for CSR that is becoming more widely accepted is Community-based development approach. In this approach, corporations work with local communities to better themselves. For example, the Shell Foundation's involvement in the Flower Valley, South Africa. In Flower Valley they set up an Early Learning Centre to help educate the community's children as well as develop new skills for the adults. Marks and Spencer is also active in this community through the building of a trade network with the community - guaranteeing regular fair trade purchases. Often activities companies participate in are establishing education facilities for adults and HIV/AIDS education programmes. The majority of these CSR projects are
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established in Africa. JIDF For You, is an attempt to promote these activities in India. A more common approach of CSR is Philanthropy. This includes monetary donations and aid given to local organizations and impoverished communities in developing countries. Some organizations do not like this approach as it does not help build on the skills of the local people, whereas community-based development generally leads to more sustainable development. Another approach to CSR is To incorporate the CSR strategy directly into the business strategy of an organization. For instance, procurement of Fair Trade tea and coffee has been adopted by various businesses including KPMG. Its CSR manager commented, "Fairtrade fits very strongly into our commitment to our communities." Another approach is Garnering increasing corporate responsibility interest. This is called Creating Shared Value, or CSV. The shared value model is based on the idea that corporate success and social welfare are interdependent. A business needs a healthy, educated workforce, sustainable resources and adept government to compete effectively. For society to thrive, profitable and competitive businesses must be developed and supported to create income, wealth, tax revenues, and opportunities for philanthropy. CSV received global attention in the Harvard Business Review article Strategy & Society: The Link between Competitive Advantage and Corporate Social Responsibility [1] by Michael E. Porter, a leading authority on competitive strategy and head of the
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Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness at Harvard Business School; and Mark R. Kramer, Senior Fellow at the Kennedy School at Harvard University and co-founder of FSG Social Impact Advisors. The article provides insights and relevant examples of companies that have developed deep linkages between their business strategies and corporate social responsibility. Many approaches to CSR pit businesses against society, emphasizing the costs and limitations of compliance with externally imposed social and environmental standards. CSV acknowledges trade-offs between short-term profitability and social or environmental goals, but focuses more on the opportunities for competitive advantage from building a social value proposition into corporate strategy.

Many companies use the strategy of benchmarking to compete within their respective industries in CSR policy, implementation, and effectiveness. Benchmarking involves reviewing competitor CSR initiatives, as well as measuring and evaluating the impact that those policies have on society and the environment, and how customers perceive competitor CSR strategy. After a comprehensive study of competitor strategy and an internal policy review performed, a comparison can be drawn and a strategy developed for competition with CSR initiatives.

POTENTIAL BUSINESS BENEFITS OF CSR

The scale and nature of the benefits of CSR for an organization can vary depending on the nature of the enterprise, and are difficult to quantify, though there is a large body of literature exhorting business to adopt measures beyond financial ones (e.g., Deming's Fourteen Points, balanced scorecards). Orlitzky, Schmidt, and Rynes found a correlation between social/environmental performance and financial performance. However, businesses may not be looking at short-run financial returns when developing their CSR strategy.

The definition of CSR used within an organization can vary from the strict "stakeholder impacts" definition used by many CSR advocates and will often include charitable efforts and volunteering. CSR may be based within the human resources, business development or public relations departments of an organisation, or may be given a separate unit reporting to the CEO or in some cases directly to the board. Some companies may implement CSR-type values without a clearly defined team or programme. The business case for CSR within a company will likely rest on one or more of these arguments:

Human resources A CSR programme can be an aid to recruitment and retention particularly within the competitive graduate student market. Potential recruits often ask about a firm's CSR policy during an interview, and having a comprehensive policy can give an advantage. CSR can also help improve the perception of a company among its staff, particularly when staff can become involved through payroll giving, fundraising activities or community volunteering. See also Corporate Social Entrepreneurship, whereby CSR can also be driven by employees' personal values, in addition to the more obvious economic and governmental drivers.

Risk management Managing risk is a central part of many corporate strategies. Reputations that take decades to build up can be ruined in hours through incidents such as corruption scandals or environmental accidents. These can also draw unwanted attention from regulators, courts, governments and media. Building a genuine culture of 'doing the right thing' within a corporation can offset these risks. Brand differentiation In crowded marketplaces, companies strive for a unique selling proposition that can separate them from the competition in the minds of consumers. CSR can play a role in building customer loyalty based on distinctive ethical value. Several major brands, such as The Co-operative Group, The Body Shop and American Apparel are built on ethical values. Business service organizations can benefit too from building a reputation for integrity and best practice. License to operate Corporations are keen to avoid interference in their business through taxation or regulations. By taking substantive voluntary steps, they can persuade governments and the wider public that they are taking issues such as health and safety, diversity, or the environment seriously as good corporate citizens with respect to labour standards and impacts on the environment.

CONCERNS RELATED TO CSR

Critics of CSR as well as proponents debate a number of concerns related to it. These include CSR's relationship to the fundamental purpose and nature of business and questionable motives for engaging in CSR, including concerns about insincerity and hypocrisy. Nature of business Milton Friedman and others have argued that a corporation's purpose is to maximize returns to its shareholders, and that since only people can have social responsibilities, corporations are only responsible to their shareholders and not to society as a whole. Although they accept that corporations should obey the laws of the countries within which they work, they assert that corporations have no other obligation to society. Some people perceive CSR as in-congruent with the very nature and purpose of business, and indeed a hindrance to free trade. Those who assert that CSR is contrasting with capitalism and are in favor of neoliberalism argue that improvements in health, longevity and/or infant mortality have been created by economic growth attributed to free enterprise. Critics of this argument perceive neoliberalism as opposed to the well-being of society and a hindrance to human freedom. They claim that the type of capitalism practiced in many developing countries is a form of economic and cultural imperialism, noting that these countries usually have fewer
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labour protections, and thus their citizens are at a higher risk of exploitation by multinational corporations. A wide variety of individuals and organizations operate in between these poles. For example, the REALeadership Alliance asserts that the business of leadership (be it corporate or otherwise) is to change the world for the better. Many religious and cultural traditions hold that the economy exists to serve human beings, so all economic entities have an obligation to society. Moreover, as discussed above, many CSR proponents point out that CSR can significantly improve long-term corporate profitability because it reduces risks and inefficiencies while offering a host of potential benefits such as enhanced brand reputation and employee engagement. Motives Some critics believe that CSR programs are undertaken by companies such as British American Tobacco (BAT), the petroleum giant BP (well-known for its high-profile advertising campaigns on environmental aspects of its operations), and McDonald's to distract the public from ethical questions posed by their core operations. They argue that some corporations start CSR programs for the commercial benefit they enjoy through raising their reputation with the public or with government. They suggest that corporations which exist solely to maximize profits are unable to advance the interests of society as a whole.

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Another concern is that sometimes companies claim to promote CSR and be committed to sustainable development but simultaneously engaging in harmful business practices. For example, since the 1970s, the McDonald's Corporation's association with Ronald McDonald House has been viewed as CSR and relationship marketing. More recently, as CSR has become mainstream, the company has beefed up its CSR programs related to its labor, environmental and other practices. All the same, in McDonald's Restaurants v Morris & Steel, Lord Justices Pill, May and Keane ruled that it was fair comment to say that McDonald's employees worldwide 'do badly in terms of pay and conditions' and true that 'if one eats enough McDonald's food, one's diet may well become high in fat etc., with the very real risk of heart disease.' Royal Dutch Shell has a much-publicized CSR policy and was a pioneer in triple bottom line reporting, but this did not prevent the 2004 scandal concerning its misreporting of oil reserves, which seriously damaged its reputation and led to charges of hypocrisy. Since then, the Shell Foundation has become involved in many projects across the world, including a partnership with Marks and Spencer (UK) in three flower and fruit growing communities across Africa. Critics concerned with corporate hypocrisy and insincerity generally suggest that better governmental and international regulation and enforcement, rather than voluntary measures, are necessary to ensure that companies behave in a socially responsible manner. Others, such as Patricia Werhane, argue that CSR should be considered more as a corporate moral
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responsibility, and limit the reach of CSR by focusing more on direct impacts of the organization as viewed through a systems perspective to identify stakeholders. Ethical consumerism The rise in popularity of ethical consumerism over the last two decades can be linked to the rise of CSR. As global population increases, so does the pressure on limited natural resources required to meet rising consumer demand (Grace and Cohen 2005, 147). Industrialization, in many developing countries, is booming as a result of both technology and globalization. Consumers are becoming more aware of the environmental and social implications of their day-to-day consumer decisions and are therefore beginning to make purchasing decisions related to their environmental and ethical concerns. However, this practice is far from consistent or universal. Globalization and market forces As corporations pursue growth through globalization, they have encountered new challenges that impose limits to their growth and potential profits. Government regulations, tariffs, environmental restrictions and varying standards of what constitutes "labor exploitation" are problems that can cost organizations millions of dollars. Some view ethical issues as simply a costly hindrance, while some companies use CSR methodologies as a strategic tactic to gain public support for their presence in global markets, helping them sustain a competitive advantage by using their social contributions to
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provide a subconscious level of advertising. (Fry, Keim, Meiners 1986, 105) Global competition places a particular pressure on multinational corporations to examine not only their own labor practices, but those of their entire supply chain, from a CSR perspective. Social awareness and education The role among corporate stakeholders is to work collectively to pressure corporations that are changing. Shareholders and investors themselves, through socially responsible investing are exerting pressure on corporations to behave responsibly. Nongovernmental organizations are also taking an increasing role, leveraging the power of the media and the Internet to increase their scrutiny and collective activism around corporate behavior. Through education and dialogue, the development of community in holding businesses responsible for their actions is growing. Ethics training The rise of ethics training inside corporations, some of it required by government regulation, is another driver credited with changing the behavior and culture of corporations. The aim of such training is to help employees make ethical decisions when the answers are unclear. Tullberg believes that humans are built with the capacity to cheat and manipulate, a view taken from (Trivers 1971, 1985), hence the need for learning normative values and rules in human behavior. The most direct benefit is reducing the likelihood of "dirty hands" (Grace and
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Cohen 2005), fines and damaged reputations for breaching laws or moral norms. Organizations also see secondary benefit in increasing employee loyalty and pride in the organization. Caterpillar and Best Buy are examples of organizations that have taken such steps. Increasingly, companies are becoming interested in processes that can add visibility to their CSR policies and activities. One method that is gaining increasing popularity is the use of wellgrounded training programs, where CSR is a major issue, and business simulations can play a part in this. One relevant documentary is The Corporation, the history of organizations and their growth in power is discussed. Corporate social responsibility, what a company does to in trying to benefit society, versus corporate moral responsibility (CMR), what a company should morally do, are both important topics to consider when looking at ethics in CSR. For example, Ray Anderson, in The Corporation, takes a CMR perspective in order to do what is moral and he begins to shift his company's focus towards the biosphere by utilizing carpets in sections so that they will sustain for longer periods. This is Anderson thinking in terms of Garret Hardin's "The Tragedy of the Commons," where if people do not pay attention to the private ways in which we use public resources, people will eventually lose those public resources.

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Laws and regulation Another driver of CSR is the role of independent mediators, particularly the government, in ensuring that corporations are prevented from harming the broader social good, including people and the environment. CSR critics such as Robert Reich argue that governments should set the agenda for social responsibility by the way of laws and regulation that will allow a business to conduct themselves responsibly. The issues surrounding government regulation pose several problems. Regulation in itself is unable to cover every aspect in detail of a corporation's operations. This leads to burdensome legal processes bogged down in interpretations of the law and debatable grey areas (Sacconi 2004). For example, General Electric failed to clean up the Hudson River after contaminating it with organic pollutants. The company continues to argue via the legal process on assignment of liability, while the cleanup remains stagnant. (Sullivan & Schiafo 2005). The second issue is the financial burden that regulation can place on a nation's economy. This view shared by Bulkeley, who cites the Australian federal government's actions to avoid compliance with the Kyoto Protocol in 1997, on the concerns of economic loss and national interest. The Australian government took the position that signing the Kyoto Pact would have caused more significant economic losses for Australia than for any other OECD nation (Bulkeley 2001, pg 436). On the change of government following the election in November 2007, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd signed the ratification immediately after
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assuming office on 3 December 2007, just before the meeting of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Critics of CSR also point out that organisations pay taxes to government to ensure that society and the environment are not adversely affected by business activities. Denmark has a law on CSR. On 16 December 2008, the Danish parliament adopted a bill making it mandatory for the 1100 largest Danish companies, investors and state-owned companies to include information on corporate social responsibility (CSR) in their annual financial reports. The reporting requirements became effective on 1 January 2009. The required information includes:

information on the companies policies for CSR or socially responsible investments (SRI) information on how such policies are implemented in practice, and information on what results have been obtained so far and managements expectations for the future with regard to CSR/SRI.

CSR/SRI is still voluntary in Denmark, but if a company has no policy on this it must state its positioning on CSR in their annual financial report.

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CRISES AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES

Often it takes a crisis to precipitate attention to CSR. One of the most active stands against environmental management is the CERES Principles that resulted after the Exxon Valdez incident in Alaska in 1989 (Grace and Cohen 2006). Other examples include the lead poisoning paint used by toy giant Mattel, which required a recall of millions of toys globally and caused the company to initiate new risk management and quality control processes. In another example, Magellan Metals in the West Australian town of Esperance was responsible for lead contamination killing thousands of birds in the area. The company had to cease business immediately and work with independent regulatory bodies to execute a cleanup. Odwalla also experienced a crisis with sales dropping 90%, and the company's stock price dropping 34% due to several cases of E. coli spread through Odwalla apple juice. The company ordered a recall of all apple or carrot juice products and introduced a new process called "flash pasteurization" as well as maintaining lines of communication constantly open with customers.

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EFFORTS TO IMPLEMENT CSR

A very large number of social and voluntary organizations are contributing to the field of Corporate social responsibility by making it an important agenda where they clearly harp for all the corporate bodies to adhere to the norms of CSR at all costs. In fact, these voluntary organizations always go on devising newer and more pragmatic/stringent norms of application of the requirements of Corporate social responsibility. A few of them are in India, despite government initiatives, corporate social responsibility (CSR) remains low on the agenda of corporate sector. Only 10 percent of funding comes from individuals and corporates, and "a large part of CSR initiatives are artfully masqueraded and make it back to the balance sheet". The widening income gap between the rich and the poor over the years, has raised fears of a social backlash.

IMPORTANCE OF CSR TO BUSINESS

In recent decades the concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) turned out to be a vital strategy for companies to survive in a ruthless market environment. In a condition where markets shift and customers preferences becomes more unpredictable and complex, adopting CSR strategy could be a powerful tool for survival. CSR-Asia defined Corporate Social Responsibility as a concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental
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concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis. Many companies all over the world are now starting to see the benefit of practicing CSR in their bottom lines. European countries are now seriously engaged in this concept on different levels and even in interpretation of how the concept works. The concept is quite ambiguous for some did not see its difference from corporate philanthropy. The latter is the most popular as it is easy to comprehend and implement. Other would try to adopt the concept but their involvement limited only to their core business. This is understandable, because it is easier for companies to formulate interventions on a concept they can easily understand and are cost-effective to them. Example, a food manufacturing company would normally prefer to implement interventions that are related to nutrition, and call this as their CSR project, but in reality is still very similar to corporate philanthropy. Despite the wide spectrum of approaches to CSR, there is a large consensus among practitioners on its main features. First, is that, CSR is behavior by business over and above legal requirements, voluntarily adopted because business deem it to be in their long-term interest. Second, CSR is intrinsically linked to the concept of sustainable development: businesses need to integrate the economic, social and environmental impact in their operations. Third, CSR is not an optional add-on to business core activities but about the way in which business is managed. Following the above line, CSR could not be equated to Philanthropy. It is a complete business strategy that aims to ensure the long-term viability of the business, by assuming an
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active role in the development of the community, the economy, and the environment through good business practices. It is not different from being a good citizen of a country! CSR brings full load of benefits aside from ego-trip as others thought. Todays world has become smaller, and markets have become ever more accessible, thanks to globalization. Globalization however, would force many companies including small and the medium enterprises to adopt CSR in order to remain competitive locally and in the international market. In some countries Government regulations such as environmental and social issues have increased, and standard and laws are also often set at a supranational level. An example of this is the European Union, where regulations and standards are applied to all member countries. Moreover, buyers in these countries would want to know that the product they buy did not come from companies and manufacturing processes that caused or even poses threat to the environment. They are also concerned with the companys records - giving fair wages, good working conditions, and the like. These are highlighted in the media, which becomes a clear advantage to businesses with good CSR programs. During the past decade, consumers and communities have become sensitive to business practices of companies existing in their areas or from which they buy their goods and services. It has been observed that communities would prefer and are supportive of companies they see as concerned with the general welfare of the people in their business operation than the employment opportunities it generates. Achieving and
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maintaining industrial peace is also a direct consequence of a good CSR strategy. Another emerging concern nowadays that could easily be responded through good CSR, is the difficulty of companies in retaining highly skilled and competent personnel or luring them to work in your company. In recent years many human resource analysts noticed that the most competent and skilled workers would want to be associated with companies that have good business practices and reputation. This is the possible explanation why even large corporations whose reputation of being tax cheaters, involved in corruption, products and practices that are harmful to the environment, noninvolvement in responding to social issues and concerns, have hard time getting good-quality, or highly skilled employees. Companies with good business practices have clear advantages in convincing investors. Recent studies have shown that a growing number of investors would prefer companies with strong CSR programs. They see CSR involvement as an indication of the companys long-term potentials. There is a growing perception among enterprises that sustainable business success and shareholder value cannot be achieved solely through maximizing short term profits, but instead through market-oriented yet responsible behavior.

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ROLE OF CSR IN MODERN BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

There are many factors within general business practices that are altering to ensure that every person benefits from the continued functioning of the company. Previously many businesses have subscribed to practices that may have had negative effects on their stakeholders. This is now changing as the realisation sets in of the true importance of the different stakeholders in any particular business. There are many different manners in which a company can implement corporate social responsibility measures for the benefit of all concerned. The manner in which each different company implements the changes will be dependant on what aspects of the company could be considered as having produced negative effects. Corporate Social responsibility can often be confused with corporate charity, but it is a very different thing. Corporate charity can involve the donation of money and the provision of opportunities to members of the community and stakeholders. This is very different to the considerations that a company must abide by to ensure that their actions fall with the acceptable corporate social responsibility guidelines that have been established. These can include guidelines that relate to the environmental impact that a particular action can have or they can relate to the impact that an action can have on the local community. The guidelines are intended to ensure that any negative effects that an action could possibly have are eliminated or reduced as far as possible.
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The concept of corporate social responsibility is intended to provide each business with a far greater ability to create sustainable development. This can help to provide ongoing benefits for the business and its stakeholders, regardless of the size of the business. The business can become more competitive once it begins to create and follow guidelines to enforce the concept of corporate social responsibility within the company and its surrounding community. The greater the sustainability of a business's developments, the more successful it can become. The attraction of corporate social responsibility for many businesses is that it can help to increase sustainability without creating negative effects. The type of business that implements changes to come in line with accepted corporate social responsibility guidelines will also determine what sort of changes will need to be made. The size of the investment that will be required to ensure that the business conforms to acceptable guidelines will also be affected by the type of business it is. The resources that are expended for this purpose do need to be viewed as an investment rather than an unnecessary expense since the positive results can more than repay the investment. The term corporate social responsibility may seem to be one of the current buzz words in business, but the concept is one that has been formulated by many people over many years. The concept is one that is seen as being important for the continued well-being of the vast majority of companies and essential for the community that surrounds them. The importance that is placed on business actions conforming to acceptable corporate
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social responsibility standards can ensure that these guidelines are treated with the respect that they merit.

GREEN LEADERSHIP
The Green debate must move from why we must respond, to how political leadership can enable business, government and society to go and sustain green. The Green debate as rightly so reached the top of the political agenda. Slowly government, business and society are attempting to identify opportunities to be more environmentally friendly. This debate is mainly being shaped by an ambitious drive to reduce carbon emissions by 60% by 2050 led by a UK Labour government. As well as setting the agenda, strong leadership needs to encourage other nations, business and society that the 2050 targets are achievable and should be supported. A Green leader could be defined as someone who chooses a sustainable path of development and inspire other leaders, business and society to pursue sustainability. A starting point would be to look from within the powers of government in its strategy, practices & procedures of the public sector. Green politics can only result in green leadership.

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OBJECTIVES
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE :

To find out the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the business field.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES :

To find out the importance of CSR and Green Leadership in the present society. To find out how the companies are adhering to Corporate Social Responsibility.

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Chalking out a good methodology constitutes an important part of all project papers, as its aim is to arrive at an accurate conclusion. The methodology which is well- formulated always gives direction to the study. Secondary method of data collection was adopted for collecting data. Secondary data was collected through the help of books, journals, newspaper, magazines & internet.

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SCOPE
Corporate social responsibility is an ethical or ideological theory that an entity whether it is a government, corporation, organization or individual has a responsibility to society. Corporate social responsibility is the obligation of organization management to make decision and take actions that will enhance the welfare and interests of society as well as the organization. Corporate social responsibility is very important for the society, organization and human beings. Through this survey we could easily find out the importance and role of CSR and green leadership in the business field. This survey will further help the future researchers.

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SUGGESTIONS
An organization should go for corporate

social responsibility (CSR) for the following reasons: Improved Financial Performance Reduced Operating Costs Enhanced Brand Image and Reputation Increased Sales and Customer Loyalty Increased Productivity and Quality Increased Ability to Attract and Retain Employees Access to Capital

Green leadership should be encouraged so

that everyone can choose a sustainable path of development.

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CONCLUSION
CSR means addressing the legal, ethical, commercial and other expectations society has for business, and making decisions that fairly balance the claims of all key stakeholders. (Business for Social Responsibility). CSR is the continuing commitment by business to behave fairly and responsibly, contributing to economic development while improving the quality of life of workers, their families, the local community, and society at large. CSR stands for dawning of a new era of capitalism, when business, government, and citizens join forces for greater good to do something about water shortage, air pollution, and 1,2 billion people who live on less than a dollar a day. Governments cannot solve all of the problems on their own. Businesses play a central role in regenerating deprived communities, by creating and sustaining local jobs, opportunities and wealth. This can be done through CSR. By adopting Green Leadership, one can make the society free from pollution and can make the entire country a greener country.
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REFERENCES
WEBSITES :

En.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_social_res posibility www.asocio.org www.scribd.com www.scribd.com/doc/51711982/Greenlesdership article www.ezinearticles.com

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