SOC 6414H: Urban Organization (Urban Political Economy)

Course Proposal, 2010 Department of Sociology University of Toronto

Instructor: John Hannigan e-mail: john.hannigan@utoronto.ca Tel: 647-204-9291

Course Description This seminar will examine the relationship between the local state, capital and culture at the beginning of the 21st century. The main focus is on what Dennis Judd has described as the tension between the imperative of growth and the logic of governance. After reviewing the foundations of the urban political economy paradigm in the 1960s and 1970s, consideration will be given to the contemporary impact of neo-liberalism, globalization and transnationalism on urban politics, power structures and conceptions of citizenship. In particular, we will explore the causes, contexts, conditions, characteristics and consequences of the rise of the entrepreneurial city and its recent turn toward marketing incentives organized around culture and entertainment. Requirements

The course will be organized as a seminar with weekly, required readings. Each participant will be required to prepare a brief discussion paper

(approximately 3-5 pages for two of the sessions (worth 10 per cent each). The discussion papers must be handed in when you come to class. In addition, on one occasion, seminar participants will be expected to lead the discussion in class (worth 10 per cent). The major written assignment will take the form of a full research proposal on a topic of personal interest to the student within the parameters of the course content, to be chosen in consultation with the course instructor (worth 70 per cent of the final grade). The proposal should include a statement of the problem, a review of the literature, a section on methods of analysis/data sources, and a discussion of expected findings. Proposals should be 25-30 pages (double-spaced).

Course Schedule & Readings

Class 1: Introduction/Organization/Overview
Required

John Walton, Urban Sociology: the Contributions and Limits of Political Economy, Annual Review of Sociology 19, 1993: 301-20. Class 2: Community Power, Leadership & Urban Politics
Required

Peter Bachrach and Morton Baratz, The Two Faces of Power, American Political Science Review 56, 1962: 947-52. Charles Bonjean and David Olson, Community Leadership: Directions of Research, Administrative Science Quarterly 9, 1964: 278-300. Kenneth Newton, American Urban Politics: Social Class, Political Structure, and Public Goods, Urban Affairs Quarterly 11, 1975: 243-64. John Walton, Community power and the retreat from politics, Social Problems 23, 1976: 292-303.

Supplementary

Robert Dahl, Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1961. Floyd Hunter, Community Power Structure: A Study of Decision Makers. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. Class 3: Urban Growth Machines; Urban Regime Theory
Required

Kevin J.Delaney and Rick Eckstein, Urban power structures and publicly financed stadiums, Sociological Forum 22(3), 2007: 331-53. A.E. G. Jonas and D. Wilson (eds.), The Urban Growth Machine: Critical Perspectives Two Decades Later. Albany, SUNY Press, 1999. Chapters 1, 5, 6, 15.s Harvey Molotch, The City as a Growth Machine: Toward a Political Economy of Place, American Journal of Sociology 82, 1976: 309-30. Karen Mossberger and Gerry Stoker, The evolution of urban regime theory, Urban Affairs Review 36(6), 2001: 810-35. C.N. Stone, Urban regimes and the capacity to govern, Journal of Urban Affairs 15(1), 1993: 1-28.

Supplementary

John Logan and Harvey Molotch, Urban Fortunes: The Political Economy of Place. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.

Class 4: Neo-liberalism & the Rescaling of Governance Required

J. Peck and A. Tickell, Neoliberalizing space, Antipode 34(2), 2002: 380404. Mark Purcell, Neoliberal globalization and democracy: a research agenda, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 31(1), 2007: 197206. David Wilson, Toward a contingent urban neoliberalism,Urban Geography 25(8), 2004: 771-83. Supplementary Neil Brenner and N. Theodore (eds). Neoliberalism and the City. Oxford: Blackwell, 2002. Jason Hackworth, The Neoliberal City: Governance, Ideology and Development in American Cities. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2006. Leitner, H., Peck, J. and E. Sheppard. Contesting Neoliberalism: Urban Frontiers. New York: Gilford, 2007. Class 5: The Entrepreneurial City and Public-Private Partnerships
Required

David Harvey, From Managerialism to Entrepreneurialism: The Transformation of Urban Governance in Late Capitalism, Geografiska Annaler 71B,1989: 3-17. Reprinted in D. Harvey, Spaces of Capital: Toward a Critical Geography, (Oxford: Blackwell, 2001.

H. Leitner and M. Garner, The limits of local initiatives a reappraisal of urban entrepreneurialism for urban development, Urban Geography 14, 1993: 57-77.

S.M. Roberts and R.H. Schein, The entrepreneurial city: fabricating urban development in Syracuse, New York, The Professional Geographer 45(1), 2005: 21-33. Kevin Ward, Entrepreneurial urbanism: state restructuring and civilizing New East Manchester, Area 35(2), 2003: 116-27.
Supplementary

Tim Hall and Phil Hubbard (eds), The Entrepreneurial City: Geographies of Politics, Regime and Representation. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 1998.

Class 6: Urban Revitalization/Renaissance

Required

Victoria Gosling, Regenerating communities: womens experiences with urban regeneration, Urban Studies 45, 2008: 607-26 Loretta Lees, The Ambivalence of Diversity and the Politics of Urban Renaissance: The Case of Growth in Downtown Portland, Maine, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 27, 2003: 613-34. Javier Martinez, Selling avante-garde; how Antwerp became a fashion capital (1990-2002), Urban Studies 44(2), 2007: 2449-2464. Leonie. Sandercock and Kim Davey, Pleasure, Politics and the Public Interest: Melbournes Riverscape Revitalization, Journal of the American Planning Association 68, 2002: 151-64.
Supplementary

Kevin Fox Gotham, Critical Perspectives on Urban Redevelopment (Research in Urban Sociology, Volume 6). Amsterdam: JAI, 2001.

Timothy A. Gibson, Securing the Spectacular City: The Politics of Revitalization and Homelessness. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2004.

Class 7: Tourism and the Urban Entertainment Economy

Required

Peter K. Eisinger, The Politics of Bread and Circuses: Building the City for the Visitor Class, Urban Affairs Review 35, 2000: 316-33. Kevin Fox Gotham, Marketing Mardi Gras: Commodification, Spectacle and the Political Economy of Tourism in New Orleans, Urban Studies 39(10), 2002: 1735-56. John Hannigan (ed.) Symposium on Branding, the Entertainment Economy and Urban Place Building, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 27, 2003: 352-440. Stephen Shaw, Susan Bagwell and Joanna Karmowska, Ethnoscapes as spectacle: re-imaging multicultural districts as new destinations for leisure and tourism consumption, Urban Studies 41, 2004: 1983-2000.
Supplementary

John Hannigan, Fantasy City: Pleasure and Profit in the Postmodern Metropolis. London & New York, Routledge, 1998. Dennis R. Judd and Susan S. Fainstein (eds), The Tourist City. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1999. Class 8: Night-time Economy
Required

D. Hobbs, P. Hadfield. S. Lister, S. Winslow and S. Hall, Receiving shadows: governance and liminality in the night-time economy. British Journal of Sociology 51(4), 2000: 701-17. Deborah Talbot, and Martina Bse, Racism, criminalization and the development of night-time economies: two case studies in London and Manchester. Ethnic and Racial Studies 30, 2007: 95-118.
Supplementary

Paul Chatterton and Robert Hollands. Urban Nightscapes: Youth Cultures, Pleasure Spaces and Corporate Power. London: Routledge, 2003. S. Winslow and S. Hall, Violent Night: Urban Leisure and Contemporary Culture. Oxford: Berg, 2006. Class 9): Culture-Led Urban Regeneration
Required

Review Issue: Culture-Led Urban Regeneration. Urban Studies 42 (5/6), 2005. K. Bassett, Urban cultural strategies and urban regeneration: a case study, Environment and Planning A 25(12), 1993: 1773-88. Hans Mommaas, Cultural clusters and the post-industrial city: towards the remapping of urban cultural policy, Urban Studies 41(3), 2004, 208
Supplementary

Graeme Evans, Cultural Planning: An Urban Renaissance? London: Routledge, 2001. Sharon Zukin, The Culture of Cities. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell, 1995. Class 10): The Creative Class/City Thesis
Required

Mary Donegan, Joshua Drucker, Harvey Goldstein, Nichola Lowe and Emil Melizia, Which indicators explain metropolitan economic performance best? Traditional or creative class? Journal of the American Planning Association 74(2), 2008: 180-95. Ann Markusen, Urban development and the politics of a creative class: evidence from a study of artists, Environment and Planning A 38(10): 1921-40. Jamie Peck, Struggling with the creative class, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 29(4), 2005: 740-70.
Supplementary

Richard Florida, The Rise of the Creative Class. New York: Basic Books, 2002. Class 11: Gentrification
Required

Jason Hackworth and Josephine Rekers, Ethnic packaging and gentrification: the case of four neighborhoods in Toronto, Urban Affairs Review 41(2) 2005: 211-36. Vanessa Mathews, Artcetera: narrativising gentrification in Yorkville, Toronto, Urban Studies 45(13): 2849-2876. Neil Smith, New globalism, new urbanism: gentrification as global urban strategy, Antipode 34(3), 2002: 427-50. Theme Issue: Extending gentrification? Environment and Planning A 39(1), 2007.

Supplementary

Loretta Lees, Tom Slater and Elvin Wyly, Gentrification. London: Routledge, 2007. Theme Issue: Gentrification and Public Policy. Urban Studies 45(2), 2008. Class 12: New Forms of Urban Citizenship
Required

J. Holston, Urban citizenship and globalization. In A. Scott (ed.), Global City-Regions; Trends, Theory, Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 2001. Mark Purcell, Citizenship and the Right to the Global City: Re-imagining the Capitalist World Order, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 27, 2003: 564-90. Malcolm Voyce, Shopping malls in Australia: the end of public space and the rise of consumerist citizenship, Journal of Sociology 42(3): 269-86.
Supplementary

E.P. Isin (ed.), Democracy, Citizenship and the Global City. London: Routledge, 2000. Class 13 Conclusion