IPD, Lean and BIM: Hype or the Real Deal?

Retail Contractors Association 2012 Annual Meeting Michael Stark AGC of America

The Next 45 Minutes

What Are BIM, Lean and IPD? How Are They Tied Together? Should You Care About Any of These? How Can You Get Up-To-Speed?

What Is BIM?
BIM = Building Information Modeling Software simulation of design, construction, and facility operation Virtual Design & Construction BIM is VDC + Analysis, Operations, etc. BIM is a processnot a software! (10% technology / 90% sociology) Data-Rich Computer Model Can truly be a collaborative process, which means interdependencies are created

What Is BIM?
Digital Process Intelligent Collision Detection Integrated Project Data Linked Parametric Information
Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Object-Oriented Collaboration Enhanced Visualization Data Sharing

Interoperability Virtual Time Machine

Data-Rich

Coordination

There are so many definitions!

3D (Three Dimensional)
Definition: 3D modeling refers to the creation of three-dimensional objects that are defined mathematically and geometrically
3D (L X W X H) Project Geometry. Visualization & Design Assist Collision Detection & Coordination Constructibility Review Digital As-Built Record Documents Size, location and intelligent attributes of objects. Objects may be linked to each other to form a spatial relationship. Paper documents generated from 3D Model Models from different disciplines may be linked together to form a federated model.

4D (Four Dimensional)
(3D + Time) Model & Schedule Linked

Coordinate complex sequencing & phasing issues Evaluate site logistics needs and work flow Discover hidden logic flaws in the schedule

5D (Five Dimensional)

BIM Terminology 4D + quantity & cost = 5D

Model with quantity and cost data input and extracted.

Composite Model

With Roof Hidden

With Walls Displayed

Windows Isolated

Quantity Takeoff (QTO) Options Analysis Material Analysis

QTO: Window Panel Schedule

Embedded Knowledge
Quantities

of all materials linked directly to databases Data-Rich Model enables accurate quantity survey of materials Cost implications of design changes can be understood in real time

Collaborative BIM

BIM Terminology

Model is developed collaboratively with the owner, design team, construction team, and others all contributing.

Non-collaborative BIM
Model is not developed collaboratively, and the construction team must develop its own model based on the information provided by the design team in construction documents. Contractor has greater control over information in model.

Spatial Coordination
Think of spatial coordination as a spatial spell check for a building's components: Equipment; Fixtures; Pipes; Ducts; Conduits; Structural Members; Architectural Features Get started early because it can take a lot longer than you anticipate Get input from all trades early Consider running meetings live It is going to be a challenge getting a group of 10-15 strangers to interact & collaborate

Benefit: Predict Costs Early

5D BIM provides early reliable and defendable costing, backed up from a commercial database or your companys own historical cost database.

Benefit: Evaluate Alternatives

Design alternatives can be completed to provide real-time cost comparisons of building envelopes, MEP systems, structural systems, levels of interior finish out, alternate sites, different parking ratios, and landscaping proportions.

Granite and Glass Cladding

Glass and Spandrel Glass Cladding

312

Benefit: Save Time & Money

A way of saving costs associated with producing conceptual budgets

Traditional Estimating

vs. 5D BIM

240 hours (2 estimators, 120 hrs) Deliverable: Project cost estimate

20 hours Deliverable: Project cost estimate and Project Pro Forma Design Criteria Document 3D Model

That's a 92% man-hour reduction!

Source: Beck Technology, using DProfiler

Getting Started with BIM

Understand the advantages that BIM would have for your firm Understand where BIM is in your market and what your customers are doing Select the right BIM software based on compatibility:
Internal needs and preferences Other software used Current and future customers and market

Get training for key people Re-engineer internal processes and procedures to take advantage of this new tool

What to Look for in a BIM Tool

Simplicity Functionality Interoperability/Collaborativeness Vendor Longevity Support/Training Environment

 Technology, Software, Staffing

Staffing? Learning curves? Interoperability costs?

Barriers/Challenges

Paradigm Shift
Different way of doing business Traditional contract terms tailored to paper-based practices Earlier collaboration necessary

Legal Concerns
Who should pay for the model? Who owns the model? Who is responsible for accuracy of the model?

Guidelines to Consider
Motivation Drives Use of BIM
BIM doesnt change contractual roles Can facilitate more collaboration Supportive environment without it, you wont get far Build critical mass of BIM knowledge Collaborative effort

Why Use BIM?

Improve customer experience Enhance productivity Optimize schedule Provide effective collaboration

Origins of Lean Production

Manufacturing philosophy which shortens the timeline between customer order and product shipment by eliminating waste Modeled after the Toyota Production System (TPS) Lean Construction is not Lean Production

Origins of Lean Construction

Transformation, Flow and Value
Theory developed to understand production in construction

Workflow Reliability
Real-world efforts at productivity improvements and weekly planning failures

Last Planner System

LPS is:
An outcome product of LEAN Construction Starting with milestones & working backwards Getting team member buy in Optimizing the overall project

Lean Benefits

Lower Costs Fewer Delays

Better Safety
Less Surprises Less Waste Constructor / Designer / Owner Satisfaction

Benefits of Team Buy-in

Develop Realistic Schedules Take Ownership Make Better Planners Proactive not Reactive

Planning, Controlling, Correcting

Master Scheduling
Set milestones

SHOULD
Phase Scheduling
Pull Planning
Specify handoffs

CAN WILL DID

Lookahead Planning
6 Week Look Ahead

Make Work Ready Removal of Constraints Coordination & Commitment Promises Measure PPC & Act on reasons for failure to keep promises

Weekly Work Planning

Why work didnt get done

Learning

Pull Planning Session

Integrating BIM in Pull Planning

What is Pull?
This means no one upstream should produce a good or service until the customer downstream asks for it. Products and services are created only on demandin other words, dont make it until the next guy needs it.

Types of Waste (Muda)

1. Transportation (moving products that is not actually required to perform the processing) 2. Inventory (all components, work in process and finished product not being processed) 3. Motion (people or equipment moving or walking more than is required to perform the processing) 4. Waiting (waiting for the next production step)

Types of Waste (Muda)

5. Overproduction (production ahead of demand) 6. Over Processing (resulting from poor tool or product design creating non-value added activity) 7. Defects (the effort involved in inspecting for and fixing defects) 8. Underutilization of Resources (not following up or implementing ideas or suggestions)

Waste Reduction
Lean Assembly
Deliver material Just-In-Time (JIT) Reduce multiple handling by erecting from the truck

Lean Supply
Prefabrication

Lean Design & BIM Work Structuring

Lean Construction Enabling Tools

Last Planner System BIM (Lean Design) Offsite fabrication & JIT (Lean Supply) Value Chain Mapping (Lean Assembly) Daily Crew Huddles (Lean Assembly)

A New Way of Planning

Traditional Thought
Leadership dictates direction Planning is partitioned by trades/disciplines and is linear. It is predictive and generally fixed, setting parameters for management Management controls are inflexible, autocratic processes are fixed and measures are isolated and generally historical

Lean Thought
Leadership facilitates collaborative direction Planning is collaborative, project based and seeks to integrate efforts to eliminate negative iterations. It learns as project evolves Management develops a network of commitments to implement plan, evolves intelligence, measures are integrated and proactive

Summary Lean Construction

Improves how work is managed in planning, designing, constructing, operating, and using built environments Offers three opportunities for implementation, depending typically on the project procurement system used (DBB, CMAR, DB, IPD, etc.) Is learned by doing Is adopted by eliminating waste, followed by using the LPS

Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)

Definition: IPD is a project delivery method distinguished by a contractual agreement between a minimum of the owner, design professional, and builder where risk and reward are shared and stakeholder success is dependent on project success.
(from AIA-AIA CC IPD Guide)

Catalysts for IPD

Building Information Modeling Lean Design and Construction

Industry Convergence
You Are Here

Lean/ Economic Pressures

Building Information Modeling (BIM)

Project Delivery

Sustainability

including IPD

Three Levels of Collaboration

Collaboration Level 3
Contractual
IPD

Collaboration Level 2
Enhanced
CM at-Risk or DB

Collaboration Level 1
Traditional
CM at-Risk or DB

Collaboration: IPD

Forces Driving Change

Waste / Lack of Productivity Technological Evolution Owner Demand Sustainability Lean Design and Construction

Contractual Principles
Key Participants Bound Together as Equals Shared Financial Risk/Reward Based on Project Outcome Liability Waivers between Key Participants Fiscal Transparency between Key Participants Early Involvement of Key Participants Intensified Design Jointly Developed Project Target Criteria Collaborative Decision Making

Behavioral Principles
Mutual Respect and Trust Willingness to Collaborate Open Communication

Summary / Recommendations
Use on a pilot project When appropriate, increase collaboration Stay connected and learn from others

BIM

BIMForum: www.bimforum.org BIM Education Program: www.agc.org/bimep

Resources

Lean Construction
AGC Lean Construction Forum: www.agcleanforum.org Lean Construction Education Program: www.agc.org/lcep Lean Construction Institute: www.leanconstruction.org

IPD
Project Delivery Page: www.agc.org/projectdelivery

QUESTIONS?
Mike Stark AGC of America (703) 837-5365 starkm@agc.org