The Ciba HYDROCOL System

Newsprint & Mechanical Specialties

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The Ciba HYDROCOL System

Cationic Polymer
+ + + + +++ ++ + + + ++ + + + +++

Bentonite Clay

+ +

--

- - + - ---- + - -- + + + + + + --

U.S. Patent No. 4,753,710 - June 1988

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Bentonite - A Closer Look

Negative surface charge - Positive edge charge
300 nm

0.9 nm

-- -- - - - - - + - -- - + - -- -- + + + + + + + + -

100 nm

Swells in water - increases surface area to 700-800 m2/g

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Bentonite Interactions
Polyamines, PAC, PolyDADMACs, Alum
++ ++ ++ ++ + + + + + + ++ + + + +

Bentonite
-- -- - - - - - + - - + + + - -- - - - - + + + + + + -

Cationic Starch
++ + + + + +

Cationic Flocculants
++ + + +++ +++ + + ++ + + + +++

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Bentonite Interactions
Pitch, Ink
- - - -- -

Bentonite
-- -- - - - - - + - - + + + - -- - - - - + + + + + + -

Dissolved Solids

-- -- - ------

Contaminants, Stickies, Oils

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Pitch Adsorption - Bentonite & Talc

Pitch Adsorbed (u moles)
300 250 200 150 100 50 0

Bentonite

Talc

250

200 100 25
Fatty Acid Triglyceride

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Pitch Type

Ciba HYDROCOL Addition Points

Screens Headbox Fan Pump

Percol Polymer

Hydrocol Pigment (bentonite)

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Ciba HYDROCOL Mechanism

Fibers, fines & filler
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

Cationic Polymer

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

High Shear
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

- -- -- - - - - - + - - + + + - -- - - - - + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + ++ + - - - -- -- - + + ++ + + + + + + + + - --- - - + + +++ + + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

- - - + -- + - --- - - + + + + + + + + --

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

- - - -- -- - + + - --- - - + + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

Bentonite

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +
+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + + + + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

Structured Floc
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+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

+ + + + ++ + + + + + ++ + + + + + + +

Particle Sizes in the Wet End

Length (microns) Hardwood Fiber Softwood Fiber Fiber Fine Filler Clay Pitch Particle Bentonite Polymer M olecule 1000-1800 3000-5000 10-70 2-5 ~0.7 0.3-0.5 ~40 uncoiled Width (microns) 10-35 25-40 10-40 0.2 ~0.7 ~0.001 ~0.001

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Ciba HYDROCOL Control Strategy

Polymer addition
Control of white water solids Control drainage

Bentonite addition
Stabilize drainage Conductivity & dissolved solids driven

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Ciba HYDROCOL Benefits

Increased production Increased retention Increased drainage Improved wet end stability Improved machine cleanliness Improved additive efficiency Handles dirty & variable wet end conditions

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