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according to TS 36.141
Application Note
Products:
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R&S SMU200A R&S AMU100A R&S SMATE200A R&S SMBV100A R&S SMF100A R&S SMR
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3GPP TS36.141 covers Base Station (eNodeB) conformance testing for EUTRA. This Application Note shows how easy it is to perform Transmitter and Receiver tests with R&S signal generators and R&S signal and spectrum analyzers. Remote control programming is demonstrated by means of a free-ofcharge program.
Application Note
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Introduction......................................................................................... 4 2 General ................................................................................................ 4
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Special Comments .......................................................................................................4 Covered Tests in Accordance with TS 36.141...........................................................5 Tests by Instruments ..................................................................................................6 Complete Test setup....................................................................................................7 Program ........................................................................................................................8
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Table of Contents
4 Appendix ........................................................................................... 52
4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.2 4.3 Program LTE BS Test ................................................................................................52 PC requirements ........................................................................................................52 Installation ..................................................................................................................52 Usage ..........................................................................................................................52 References..................................................................................................................57 Additional Information ..............................................................................................57
The following abbreviations are used in this Application Note for Rohde & Schwarz test equipment: The R&S SMJ100A vector signal generator is referred to as the SMJ. The R&S SMATE200A vector signal generator is referred to as the SMATE. The R&S SMU200A vector signal generator is referred to as the SMU. The R&S AMU200A baseband signal generator and fading simulator is referred to as the AMU. The R&S SMBV100A vector signal generator is referred to as the SMBV. The R&S SMF100A signal generator is referred to as the SMF. The R&S SMR signal generator is referred to as the SMR. The R&S FSQ signal analyzer is referred to as the FSQ. The R&S FSG signal analyzer is referred to as the FSG. The R&S FSV spectrum analyzer is referred to as the FSV. The SMJ, SMATE, SMBV and SMU are referred to as the SMx. The FSQ, FSV, and FSG are referred to as the FSx.
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Introduction
1 Introduction
Long Term Evolution (LTE) or Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) as described by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is the next step in pushing third-generation (3G) systems from WCDMA over HSPA and HSPA+ to the future. This Application Note describes solutions for generating and analyzing LTE signals using equipment from Rohde & Schwarz for Base Station (eNodeB) testing. The features that make the SMU vector signal generator and the FSP, FSV and the FSQ spectrum and signal analyzer highly suitable for this purpose are detailed. Each measurement as described in the standard is shown, special implementation tips are provided, and typical measurement results are presented as instrument screenshots. This Application Note covers receiver and transmitter tests in line with the following standards: Base Station conformance testing, 3GPP TS 36.141 Release 8, V8.4.0 Additionally, a free-of-charge demonstration software program named "LTE BS Test" is included to show the necessary SCPI remote control commands and to run all LTE BS tests for demonstration and evaluation.
2 General
2.1 Special Comments
Very high power occurs on base stations! Be sure to use suitable attenuators in order to prevent damage to the test equipment.
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General
Name
Base station output power Total power dynamic range Transmitted signal quality: Frequency error Transmitted signal quality: EVM Transmitted signal quality: Time alignment between transmitter branches Unwanted emissions Transmitter intermodulation
Name
Reference sensitivity level Dynamic range In-channel selectivity Adjacent channel selectivity (ACS) and narrow-band blocking Blocking Receiver spurious emissions Receiver intermodulation
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General
Table 3 shows which instruments are needed for the RX tests. Please note that the demonstration program uses a two-path SMU.
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General
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General
2.5 Program
This Application Note comes with a demo program called "LTE BS Test" which is free of charge. Each test described in this Application Note can be executed quickly and easily using the demo program. The program offers a straightforward user interface, and SCPI remote command sequence export functions for integrating the programming code into any user-specific test environment. Getting started When the program is started the first time, you are requested to register.
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General
We kindly ask you to register the program. Registration is free of charge and does not obligate you or your company. The unregistered version has full functionality and no expiration date. Please follow the instructions on the screen in order to register. After clicking "Continue" or entering Name and Key, the user interface will come up:
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Channels According to [1] the channels to test are in the bottom (B), the middle (M) and the top (T) of the supported frequency range of the base station Categories The manufacturer has to declare if the base station fits to limits category A or B as defined in ITU-R recommendation SM.329. Please see [1], section 4.6.4 for more details. General Parameters (in the software LTE BS Test) General parameters like frequency, bandwidth can be set ( Figure 4).
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Simulation For demonstration purpose the SMx can simulate the base station. This can be switched on by Simulation in the software LTE BS Test. Then additional settings on the SMx can be configured (Figure 5). Please note that the simulation always uses path B of the SMU, as path A is used for interfering signals for test 6.7.
Test setup If not mentioned explicitly, all transmitter tests use test setup Figure 6.
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Remote control example The example I measures two times the power with the option K100 at the FSx and displays the dynamic range I can simulate the BS by generating two signals according to TM3.1 and TM2 at the SMx When the test runs, following message box appears (Figure 8):
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Remote control example The example I measures and displays the frequency error and the EVM with the option K100 at the FSx I can simulate the BS by generating signals according a selectable test model at the SMx Figure 10 shows the entry in the report.
3.1.4.2
Time alignment between transmitter branches ( 6.5.3 ) For base stations with two transmit antennas supporting TX Diversity or spatial multiplexing the delay between two ports has to be measured. The test shall be done on one channel ( M ). The signal shall be according to E-TM1.1 on both ports or any downlink signal using TX diversity or spatial multiplexing. The time alignment error shall be less than 90 ns. Please note that for this test the option FS-K102 is necessary. Test setup
Remote control example The example I measures and displays the time alignment error with the option K102 at the FSx
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can simulate the BS by generating two signals according to a selectable test model at the SMx
3.1.5.1
Occupied bandwidth ( 6.6.1 ) The test purpose is to verify that the emission of the base station does not occupy an excessive bandwidth. The base station shall transmit a signal according to test model E-TM1.1 at maximum power. The occupied bandwidth shall be less than the nominal channel bandwidth. Remote control example The example I measures and displays the occupied bandwidth with the option K100 at the FSx I can simulate the BS by generating a signal according to a selectable test model at the SMx Figure 13 shows the entry in the report. Figure 14 shows the measurement screen of the FSx.
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3.1.5.2
Adjacent Channel Leakage Power (ACLR) ( 6.6.2) Adjacent Channel Leakage power Ratio (ACLR) is the ratio of the filtered mean power centered on the assigned channel frequency to the filtered mean power centered on an adjacent channel frequency. The base station shall transmit signals according to test models E-TM1.1 and E-TM1.2 at maximum power. For paired and unpaired spectrum different settings and limits apply (Table 6 and Table 7).
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ACLR in paired spectrum E-UTRA transmitted signal channel bandwidth BWChannel [MHz] BS adjacent channel centre frequency offset below the first or above the last carrier centre frequency transmitted
BW Channel 2 x BW Channel BW Channel /2 + 2.5 MHz BW Channel /2 + 7.5 MHz
ACLR limit
E-UTRA of same BW E-UTRA of same BW 3.84 Mcps UTRA 3.84 Mcps UTRA
ACLR in unpaired spectrum E-UTRA transmitted signal channel bandwidth BWChannel [MHz] BS adjacent channel centre frequency offset below the first or above the last carrier centre frequency transmitted
BW Channel 2 x BW Channel BW Channel /2 + 0.8 MHz BW Channel /2 + 2.4 MHz BW Channel 2 x BW Channel BW Channel /2 + 0.8 MHz BW Channel /2 + 2.4 MHz BW Channel /2 + 2.5 MHz BW Channel /2 + 7.5 MHz BW Channel /2 + 5 MHz BW Channel /2 + 15 MHz
ACLR limit
1.4, 3.0
5, 10, 15, 20
E-UTRA of same BW E-UTRA of same BW 1.28 Mcps UTRA 1.28 Mcps UTRA E-UTRA of same BW E-UTRA of same BW 1.28 Mcps UTRA 1.28 Mcps UTRA 3.84 Mcps UTRA 3.84 Mcps UTRA 7.68 Mcps UTRA 7.68 Mcps UTRA
44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB 44.2 dB
Additionally for unpaired spectrum for Category A the absolute limit of -13 dBm/MHz applies, for Category B the absolute limit of -15 dBm/MHz applies, whichever is less stringent. Remote control example The example I measures and displays the ACLR with the option K100 at the FSx both with square filter and RRC filter (according to [1]) I can simulate the BS by generating a signal according to a selectable test model at the SMx Figure 15 shows the setting for the ACLR measurement. You can choose between paired and unpaired spectrum according to [1]. Figure 16 shows the entry in the report. Figure 17 shows the measurement screen of the FSx.
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3.1.5.3
Operating band unwanted emissions ( 6.6.3 ) The Operating band unwanted emission limits are defined from 10 MHz below the lowest frequency of the downlink operating band up to 10 MHz above the highest frequency of the downlink operating band. The base station shall transmit signals according to test models E-TM1.1 and E-TM1.2. The settings for the measurements differ between categories A and B and the band lower or higher 1 GHz. Also additional requirements for certain regions may apply. For details please refer to section 6.6.3.5 of [1]. Remote control example The example I measures and displays the emissions with the option K100 at the FSx I can simulate the BS by generating a signal according a selectable test model at the SMx
Figure 18 shows the setting for the category. Figure 19 shows the entry in the report. Figure 20 shows the measurement screen of the FSx.
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3.1.5.4
Transmitter spurious emissions ( 6.6.4 ) The transmitter spurious emission limits apply from 9 kHz to 12.75 GHz, excluding the frequency range from 10 MHz below the lowest frequency of the downlink operating band up to 10 MHz above the highest frequency of the downlink operating band. The base station shall transmit signals according to test models E-TM1.1 at maximum power. Table 8 and Table 9 show the general settings for the measurement. Additional requirements may apply for co-existence with other systems and / or co-location with other base stations (please see [1] section 6.6.4) Spurious emission limits, Category A
Frequency range Maximum level Measurement Bandwidth
-13 dBm
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Maximum Level -36 dBm -36 dBm -36 dBm -30 dBm
Remote control example The example I measures and displays the emissions at the FSx I can simulate the BS by generating a signal according a selectable test model at the SMx Figure 21 shows the entry in the report. Figure 32 shows the measurement screen of the FSx.
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Test setup
Remote control example The example I measures and displays the emissions at the FSx I can simulate the BS by generating a signal according a selectable test model at the SMx Figure 24 shows the parameter settings for transmitter intermodulation.
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Simulation For demonstration purpose the FSx can simulate the base station. This can be switched on by Simulation in the software LTE BS Test. The FSx then performs a spectrum measurement to show the signal. As a example Figure 27 shows the spectrum of the ACS test (7.5). You can see the wanted signal in the middle and the interfering signal at the right edge.
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1.4 3 5 10 15 20
FRC A1-1 FRC A1-2 FRC A1-3 FRC A1-3 FRC A1-3 FRC A1-3
Test Setup
Remote control example The example I Generates the wanted signal at path A of the SMx I can simulate the BS by showing the spectrum at the FSx Figure 29 shows the parameters for the test. You can set the Frequency, the power level and the attenuation. The power level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth. The FRC is selected automatically according to the channel bandwidth. For channel bandwidth equal or greater 10 MHz FRC A1-3 is selected with 25 RBs so not all RBs are allocated. Thus you also can setup via VRB the position of the allocated RBs.
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Dynamic range
Channel bandwidth [MHz] Reference measurement channel Wanted signal mean power [dBm] Interfering signal mean power [dBm] / BWConfig Type of interfering signal
1.4 3 5 10 15 20
FRC A2-1 FRC A2-2 FRC A2-3 FRC A2-3 FRC A2-3 FRC A2-3
Test setup
Remote control example The example I Generates the wanted signal and the interferer at path A of the SMx I can simulate the BS by showing the spectrum at the FSx Figure 32 shows the parameters for the test. You can set the Frequency, the power level and the attenuation. The power level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth. The FRC is selected automatically according to the channel bandwidth. For channel bandwidth equal or greater 10 MHz FRC A1-3 is selected with 25 RBs so not all RBs are allocated. Thus you also can setup via VRB the position of the allocated RBs. In the section Dynamic range you can set the AWGN level. The AWGN level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth.
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1.4 MHz E-UTRA signal, 3 RBs 3 MHz E-UTRA signal, 6 RBs 5 MHz E-UTRA signal, 10 RBs 10 MHz E-UTRA signal, 25 RBs 15 MHz E-UTRA signal, 25 RBs 20 MHz E-UTRA signal, 25 RBs
Figure 34 shows the placement of the wanted and interfering RBs around DC as an example for bandwidth 1.4 MHz.
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Test setup
Remote control example The example I Generates the wanted signal at path A and the interferer at path B of the SMx I can simulate the BS by showing the spectrum at the FSx Figure 36 shows the parameters for the test. You can set the Frequency, the power level and the attenuation. The power level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth. The FRC is selected automatically according to the channel bandwidth. For channel bandwidth equal or greater 10 MHz FRC A1-3 is selected with 25 RBs so not all RBs are allocated. The RBs are always placed around the DC. The setting Mirror at DC switches (or mirrors) the wanted and interfering signal. The Cell ID and the UE ID can be set for the wanted and the interfering signal as well.
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1.4 3 5 10 15 20
PREFSENS + 11dB PREFSENS + 8dB PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB
1.4 MHz E-UTRA signal 3 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal
Figure 38 shows the wanted and interfering signal as an example for 1.4 MHz.
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Figure 38:ACS
Figure 39 shows the parameters for the test. You can set the frequency, the power level and the attenuation. The power level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth. The wanted and interfering signals are always allocated automatically with all possible RBs according to the channel bandwidth. The setting Mirror at DC switches between the two channel edges. The Cell ID and the UE ID can be set for the wanted and the interfering signal as well.
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Narrow Band Blocking Narrow Band Blocking is similar to ACS but with interfering signals consisting of only one RB. The tests shall be done on three channels ( B, M and T). For the parameters in Table 14 the throughput shall be equal or greater 95%. Narrowband blocking requirement
Wanted signal mean power [dBm] absolute Interfering RB centre frequency offset to the channel edge of the wanted signal [kHz]
1.4 3 5 10 15 20
PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB PREFSENS + 6dB
252.5+m*180, m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 247.5+m*180, m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 10, 13 342.5+m*180, m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 14, 19, 24 347.5+m*180, m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 14, 19, 24 352.5+m*180, m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 14, 19, 24 342.5+m*180, m=0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 14, 19, 24
1.4 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB 3 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB 5 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB 5 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB 5 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB 5 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB
Figure 41 shows the wanted and interfering signal as an example for 1.4 MHz.
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On the SMx the interfering signal is allocated with one RB which is placed in the middle of the channel bandwidth of the interferer. As the center of the interfering RB determines the offset, for channel bandwidth with even RB allocations on the SMU additional a half RB size ( 180 KHz / 2 ) has to be added. This applies for the interfering bandwidth of 1.4 MHz only. Figure 42 shows the parameters for the test. You can set the frequency, the power level and the attenuation. The power level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth. The wanted signal is always allocated automatically with all possible RBs according to the channel bandwidth. The interfering signal is allocated with only 1 RB. The parameter m for the offset can be selected. The setting Mirror at DC switches between the two channel edges (upper and lower). The Cell ID and the UE ID can be set for the wanted and the interfering signal as well.
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Test setup Both tests of 7.5 share the same test setup.
Remote control example The example I Generates the wanted signal at path A and the interferer at path B of the SMx I can simulate the BS by showing the spectrum at the FSx
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(FUL_low -20) 1 (FUL_high +20) (FUL_low -20) 1 (FUL_high +10) (FUL_low -20) 1 (FUL_high +12) (FUL_low -20) 1 (FUL_high +18)
to to to to to to to to to to to to
(FUL_high +20) (FUL_low -20) 12750 (FUL_high +10) (FUL_low -20) 12750 (FUL_high +12) (FUL_low -20) 12750 (FUL_high +18) (FUL_low -20) 12750
PREFSENS +6dB PREFSENS +6dB PREFSENS +6dB PREFSENS +6dB PREFSENS +6dB PREFSENS +6dB PREFSENS +6dB PREFSENS +6dB
1.4 3 5 10 15 20
1.4 MHz E-UTRA signal 3 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal 5 MHz E-UTRA signal
Test setup Figure 45 and Figure 46 show possible test setups for the blocking test. Setup 1 uses one SMx to generate the wanted and the E-UTRA interfering signal. This setup also can be used for CW interfering signal but with limited frequency range(up to 3/6 GHz depending on the signal generator). For the whole frequency range up 12750 MHz a second generator has to be used (e.g. SMR or SMF ).
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Remote control example The example I Generates the wanted signal and the interferer with one or two generators Figure 42 shows the parameters for the test. You can set the frequency, the power level and the attenuation. The power level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth. The FRC is selected automatically according to the channel bandwidth. For channel bandwidth equal or greater 10 MHz FRC A1-3 is selected with 25 RBs so not all RBs are allocated. Thus you also can setup via VRB the position of the allocated RBs. In the section Blocking you can choose between CW or E-UTRA blocking via LTE Blocking. The Cell ID and the UE ID can be set for the wanted and the interfering signal as well.
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The test automatically uses the start and stop frequency and increments by 1 MHz. The Wait Time can be adjusted to meet special base station needs. It is also possible to use external attenuation setting files to control this test by use file and entering the path and file name. Please contact TM-Applications@rohde-schwarz.com for more nd details. use 2 generator allows you to use a second generator for full frequency CW testing.
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Test setup
Remote control example The example I Measures the spurious emission with FSx You can enter both limits according to Table 17 ( Figure 50 ).
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Intermodulation performance
Interfering signal centre frequency offset from the channel edge of the wanted signal [MHz] 2.1 4.9 4.5 10.5 7.5 17.5 7.5 17.7 7.5 18 7.5 18.2
-52 1.4 PREFSENS + 6dB -100.8 -52 -52 3 PREFSENS + 6dB -97.0 -52 -52 5 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52 -52 10 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52 -52 15 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52 -52 20 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52
Table 18: Receiver intermodulation requirements
CW 1.4 MHz E-UTRA signal CW 3.0 MHz E-UTRA signal CW 5 MHz E-UTRA signal CW 5 MHz E-UTRA signal CW 5MHz E-UTRA signal CW 5MHz E-UTRA signal
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-52 1.4 PREFSENS + 6dB -100.8 -52 -52 3 PREFSENS + 6dB -97.0 -52 -52 5 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52 -52 10 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52 -52 15 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52 -52 20 PREFSENS + 6dB -95.5 -52
270 790 275 790 360 1060 415 1420 380 1600 345 1780
CW 1.4 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB CW 3.0 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB CW 5 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB CW 5 MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB CW 5MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB CW 5MHz E-UTRA signal, 1 RB
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Test setup Two setups are possible. With the option K62 of the SMx a CW interferer can be generated in the AWGN section of the baseband (Figure 52). Alternatively a second generator can provide the CW interferer (Figure 53).
Remote control example The example nd I Generates the wanted signal and the two interferers with and without the 2 generator
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Figure 54 shows the parameters for the test. You can set the frequency, the power level and the attenuation. The power level is set to default levels of the specification by the selected channel bandwidth. The FRC is selected automatically according to the channel bandwidth. For channel bandwidth equal or greater 10 MHz FRC A1-3 is selected with 25 RBs so not all RBs are allocated. Thus you also can setup via VRB the position of the allocated RBs. The Cell ID and the UE ID can be set for the wanted and the interfering signal as well. In the section Receiver Intermodulation you can nd enable Narrow Band to use one RB only. Additionally you can use a 2 generator as CW interferer and set the attenuation for the second generator.
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Appendix
4 Appendix
4.1 Program LTE BS Test
4.1.1 PC requirements
Recommended system configuration: I Operating system: Microsoft Windows XP / Vista .NET framework V2.0 or higher General PC requirements: Pentium 1 GHz or faster 1 Gbyte RAM 100 Mbyte space harddisk XGA Monitor (1024x768) Remote control interface: National Instruments VISA GPIB card Or LAN connection
Note: If you have problems with running the program, please check your PC firewall settings.
4.1.2 Installation
The file 1MA154_<version number>.ZIP is required in order to install on the controlling PC. Execute the installation program ( setup.exe ) and select the installation directory.
4.1.3 Usage
Devices First you have to enter the remote addresses in the section Devices:
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Appendix
You can use for TCPIP the direct LAN address or the computer name as well. GPIB is also possible by using the GPIB address like GPIB::20::INSTR . With Test you can check the remote control connection. If everything is OK, the Test button becomes green. When running the K100 on the FSx special settings are needed: K100: TCPIP::FSQ26-200032::INST1 Analyzer: TCPIP::FSQ26-200032::INST0 Please note that software K100 must already be started on the local PC or the FSx as well. Tests Select under Tests between Transmitter or Receiver Tests. This changes the available testcases in the drop down box (Figure 57 and Figure 58).
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Appendix
Parameter The available parameters depend on the selected testcase. Both Generator and / or Analyzer parameters can be set (Figure 59 and Figure 60 ).
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Appendix
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Appendix
With Reset all connected instruments perform a reset (recommended). Simulation simulates the DUT. The Duplex Mode can be selected for all tests (FDD or TDD). Start The green Start button runs the test. Information and measurement results are displayed in Report. Show Commands opens a new window with all sent SCPI remote commands which can be copied (Figure 62). Demo mode runs the test without instruments connected (Figure 61).
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Appendix
4.2 References
[1] Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; E-UTRA Base station conformance testing , Release 8; 3GPP TS 36.141 V 8.4.0, September 2009 [2] Rohde & Schwarz: UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE) Technology Introduction, Application Note 1MA111, September 2008 [3] Rohde & Schwarz: LTE Downlink MIMO Verification, Application Note 1MA143, August 2009 [4] Rohde & Schwarz: RF Chipset Verification for UMTS LTE with SMU200A and FSQ, Application Note 1MA138, November 2008
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Ordering Information
5 Ordering Information
Ordering Information Vector Signal Generator
SMU200A SMU-B9 SMU-B10 SMU-B11 SMU-B13 SMU-B14 SMU-B10x SMU-B20x SMU-B15 SMU-K62 SMU-K55 SMU-K74 Baseband Generator Baseband Generator Baseband Generator Baseband Main Module Fading Simulator 1st RF path 2nd RF path Fading Simulator Extension AWGN Digital Standard LTE/EUTRA MIMO Fading 1160.2288.02 1159.8511.02 1408.7310.02 1408.7762.02 1141.2005.02 1161.0766.02 1141.7007.02 1159.8411.02 1141.8003.04 1160.1800.02
Signal Generators
SMF100A SMR Microwave signal generator Microwave signal generator 1167.0000.02 1104.0002.60
Note: Available options are not listed in detail .The use of the SMATE and the SMBV vector generator is also possible (SMATE does not support fading). Please contact your local Rohde & Schwarz sales office for further assistance.
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About Rohde & Schwarz Rohde & Schwarz is an independent group of companies specializing in electronics. It is a leading supplier of solutions in the fields of test and measurement, broadcasting, radiomonitoring and radiolocation, as well as secure communications. Established 75 years ago, Rohde & Schwarz has a global presence and a dedicated service network in over 70 countries. Company headquarters are in Munich, Germany. Regional contact Europe, Africa, Middle East +49 1805 12 42 42* or +49 89 4129 137 74 customersupport@rohde-schwarz.com North America 1-888-TEST-RSA (1-888-837-8772) customer.support@rsa.rohde-schwarz.com Latin America +1-410-910-7988 customersupport.la@rohde-schwarz.com Asia/Pacific +65 65 13 04 88 customersupport.asia@rohde-schwarz.com
This application note and the supplied programs may only be used subject to the conditions of use set forth in the download area of the Rohde & Schwarz website.
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG Mhldorfstrae 15 | D - 81671 Mnchen Phone + 49 89 4129 - 0 | Fax + 49 89 4129 13777 www.rohde-schwarz.com