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SOCIMTY
AND MONOGRAPHS
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AMERICA
HISPANIC
NOTES & MONOGRAPHS
ESSAYS, STUDIES,
HISPANIC
AND BRIEF
OF
AMERICA
II
[\&
EL INCA
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
JULIA FITZMAURICE-KELLY, M.A.
Mr
PRHFACE
vi
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
EL INCA
carved with serpents, Juan de Cellorico, and Carlos, the son of Paullu Inca, his nele. His relationship with the Incas procured him many experiences, which, as
a Spaniard, he might othervvise have
lost,
and
in
his
boyhood he frequently
rites
wit-
meaning,
instance, in a courtyard, he
omens
(18).
On
another occasion he
saw
floating
down
To
houses of these
spirits,
the Indians
made round
cuncus,
burning
these
streets
in
with them.
The
evil thing
was caught
all
maleficent
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
influences. The little Indian boys ran away from the torch as from some baleful thing, and had Garcilasso known its import, he would have done likewise, he guilelessly adds, for he was but a child at the time (19). Something too of Indian lore he learnt, the simple herbal remedies and
tallies.
These were
on
manner of a
fringe
same
colour,
and so
lized
account of their arms, laws, population, forth, which could not be symboby colours, the Incas arranged the
make
tallies.
In
this
way they
AND
ONOGRAPHS
II
IO
GARCILASSO
DP2
LA VEGA
12
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
he would have set the building ablaze, had not a comrade's practical words reBut there was nothing to srained him. prevent wholesale looting, and the house
was stripped of every valuable thing in whilst the lives of its inhabitants were
1.3
it,
who
had been on friendly terms with Garcilasso de la Vega the Conquistador before his treachery. For eight months the miserable
household consisting of eight per his mother and his sister, Juan de Alcobaza, Alcobaza's son
little
sons
Garcilasso,
and brother, and two devoted servants who underwent all the leave refused to terrors of a siege, and would literally
have starved but for the generous help of an Indian chief, who at dead of night, and at the risk of his life,brought them an abundant supply of maize.
Spanish friend,
Juan de Escobar, took pity on the hungry little Garcilasso and invited him to dinner and supper every day, but owing to the
risk of
opening house-doors
at night, the
when
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II
14
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
i6
EL INCA
Guevara,
1645.
to
six
about another
months until the battle of Sacsahuana, which ended in the irremediable defeat of Pizarro and his followers. Garcilasso contradicts this current versin, maintaining
when Gonzalo Pizarro borrowed the horse Salinillas, but his word would seem to have
had
this
little
and Gomara (37). However Gonzalo Pizarro won the battle, and at his triumphal entry into Cuzco, floral arches were raised in the streets and
tions of Zarate
may
be,
marched through the town. Garcilasso, who had gone to meet his father at Quespicancha the day before, was taken by him in the procession and noted with
childish curiosity every detail of the day,
He
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGAl
tactics
17
at
Huarina, and
re-equip
the
by
his
to
For Carbajal knew that Pizarro's soldiers were not all A sound judge of men, he divided loyal. the wavering Spaniards into two classes, (i) those whom he aptly termed ejedores,
nucleus of the rebel army.
the
men
who,
whenever
the
wind
of
move
out of the web, and(ii) the neutrals, os de la mira, who took no active share with
either
their
time (39).
the
Events
in
la
him.
Even before
was then
that
Garcilasso's father,
his plans his lot
some
And
in
once more with the royal forces the final contest, as the grim od
unfounded and growing distrust of him, watched squadron after squadron going over to the enemy, he sang out lustily
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
i8
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
gathereci in the house of Antonio de Loaysa
to
celbrate a
wedding.
It
had been
of
now a youth
The
Corregidor,
on seeing the boy enter shyly, called him to his side, bade him lean against his chair, for every seat was taken, and in a fatherly way picked out the fruit most pleasing to the lad's tastes. Suddenly the hall was in an uproar the great doors were battered down and Girn and his armed raen were in the midst of the
;
revellers.
and friends, as the group escaped by means of a ladder on to the roofs of the adjoining houses and let themselves out by Juan de Figueroa's door ; he scouted the streets to see if the way were clear and ran home to fetch and saddle a horse for his father. Having seen the party safely off on its way to Lima, Garcilasso returned to spend a night of anxiety wondering
fate
of
his
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c
2
II
20
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
22
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
conjecture, a short stay in Seville, Garcilasso
23
went to Madrid
(56),
presumably
in
some
substantial
He
seems to have presented himself at Court, where he fell in with Hernando Pizarro (57), and again with Bartolom de las We catch an unintentional gleam Casas. of humour in his account of his meeting Las Casas, under the with the latter. impression that the young man hailed
from Mxico, greeted him with warm emisin,
at
once when he
heard that Garcilasso carne from Per, and the interview which began so promisingly
appears to have ended somewhat abruptly
(58).
seemed about to be fulfilled when a member, Lope Garca de Castro, pertinently reminded the other Councillors that Garcilasso's father had saved the life Garcilasso's protests of Gonzalo Pizarro.
tions
certain
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
24
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
26
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
28
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
EL INCA
introduction into Per o a great
it
entertained
many him
hear such details as that the hens, which were not laying at all when he left in
1560, had later hatched chickens in great
numbers.
with
the
He
which his od but these were not successful, as the seed would not germinate(74). Meanwhile, hecontinued
gui/iua
schoolfellows
his
working steadily, adding day by day to book which he probably finished some
time in 16 13.
The
last
years of his
If
life
he felt a yearning for the glories of Court, he does not express it. He seems much more to
think with the poet
la
Thus, freed from the haunting fear of being unable to finish his work, and with
the double satisfaction that
it
had gained
showing,
Garcilasso died in
16 16,
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
32
EL INCA
II
Unhampered by the
he could, on
his retirement
devote his leisure to what pursuits he chose. He chose literature, and, because
its
sought refuge in
Italy,
and there
wrote,
probably in
These
The Inca naturally spoke of his work to his friends, some of whom, notably the Padre Agustn de Herrera, Padre Gernimo de Prado, the Licenciado Pedro Snchez de Herrera and Padre Fray Ferlation.
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
,-
34
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
dialogues.
35
Then
of thanks
dated June 19, 1587 ; a dedication to the King written from Montilla, January 19,
1586
;
and
finally
letter to
Don
18,
September
cation to the
dedications
the Comenit
is
book that Garcilasso tells us of the ban put on his translation by the Holy Office. The aprobacin most plainly says that the dialogues contain 'muchas cosas ... no in spite of this sospechosas contra la Fe
'
seems to have been put on all the nConsequen tly Garcilasso's dices (77). first attempt may be said never to have had a far chance, and little is known of
its
thought highly of
it
(78).
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
36
EL INCA
III
Garcilasso
to
tells
following
title
La
Florida del
Ynca
Hernando
de Soto,
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
In a passage which presses on the Spanish King the desirability of sending out an
expedition,
39
undeterred
by
the
hapless
he would gladly have gone to Florida, had not Fate willed othenvise (86).
The
besides
sources of
La
information
gathered
and
number. They are, firstly, the papers o Alonso de Carmona, a native of Priego
who took
and was
calling
'
them simply
'
Peregrinaciones.
Journeyings
account of the Florida Expedition, but the main facts served for comparison with
Garcilasso's other authorities.
Secondly,
Garcilasso
soldier
at
uses the
manuscript of the
Zafra, written
the request
Aguado of Santa
who
it
after collecting
left
in the printer's
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
4o
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
42
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
44
inquiry
EL INCA
it was Again Gonzalo I have some rusks from made answer Utrera, all hot from the oven if you wish, I will share them with you It is (95) hardly likely that any but the author of
in
the
common
'
it
long years
afterwards.
questioners,
however witty the answers may have seemed to them at the time, would have These treasured them for half a century. two instances will serve perhaps to suggest that Gonzalo Sylvestre may well have been Garcilasso's unnamed informant. Garcilasso does ampie justice to the story of the heroic little band's march through country, here deserted and arid, there infested by treacherous and fierce Indians, and of their Governor's dauntless courage and spirited leadership. The tale
has
all
very subject-
the Commefifarios
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
46
for,
EL INCA
so Garcilasso
tells
us,
seemed
to
them no time
courtesies (96).
for
the
interchange
report
of
On
another occasion he
quotes
the
missioners'
on
their
and the failure of those attempts, for so savage and cruel a race was not apt to listen to sermons (97).
No
records of
the
expedition
were
apparently kept by
by his captains,
known
ac-
Hernndez
de Biedma to Charles
of the
at the Council
(98),
written
the other 1544 by a Portuguese gentleman of Elvas and published at Evora in 1557 (99), and a manuscript fragment by the These soldier Rodrigo Ranjel (100).
Indies
in
la
Vega, the double advantage of being eyewitnesses of the events which they record,
inter-
In
ir
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
the main points, the four narratives agree
47
show
divergencies,
Garcilasso's
marking a tendency to exaggeration. But even though contemporaries may have regarded La Florida del Ynca as a valuable addition to historical
especially
numbers
research (101),
readers a thrilling
the scientific
history to be.
will
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
48
EL INCA
IV
In
compiling
La
Florida
del
Ynca,
an array of documents as he afterwards had to deal with when he began to write This work, as we his history of Per.
have noted, carne out in two parts. The Primera Parle, dedicated to Catharine of Portugal, Duchess of Braganza, was begun some time before 1602. It was finished in 1603, an extra chapter being added to
March 1604 (102); the was passed by the Inquisitionary authorities and was published at Lisbon in 1608 or 1609 under the title 'Primera Parle de los Commentarios
the manuscript in
it
same year
y gouierno en paz y en guerra : de sus y conquistas, y de todo lo que fue aquel Imperio y su Repblica, antes que los
leyes,
vidas
el
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
Ynca,
Cozco,
49
Garlasso de
la
Capitn de su Mages/ad.'
The
Duchess of Braganza, a preface and a notice about the Quichuan language the Segunda Par/e was not published until 1617, at Cordova. A second edition of the whole work appeared in Madrid in 1723, headed as follows Primera par/e de los come?i/arios
tion to the
to the
reader,
reales
que tra/an de
que fueron
reyes
del
Per.
Historia
This was followed by a third edition of thirteen volumes published at Madrid in 1800-1801 ; the
editor of this later edition deviates from Garcilasso's
arrangement of
it
the
work,
books and chapters according to a plan of his own. There is also a Lima edition of 1918,
arbitrarily dividing
up
into
compiled
introduction by Dr.
Agero ;
by H. H. Urteaga, with an Don Jos de la Riva this reprint has proved unobtain-
able in Europe.
Garcilasso himself confides to us the
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
5a
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
54
EL INCA
after giving us the derivation of the
Per,
by the Indian
before their
prehis
historic subjugation,
main theme.
delights
By
nature garrulous, he
to
interplate
He
that, as the
Incas strove
Manco
own time
will
of
the
be rnuch
and
This
an account of the
king.
he proceeds to do.
The
descriptions of
and
di-
have, consequently,
beasts
and
with
we
on the
II
HISPANIC NOTES
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
in the art
55
of building;
implements they raised monuments whicli outdid the wonders of the Colossus of Rhodes and of the Pyramids*(ri3). A
notable instance
is
when he
treats
of these
antiquities
and of
by the
he
Spaniards.
designedly,
They
although
sorae cases
ignorance.
know,
will
cease
The Spanish
recklessly pulled
(i 14).
down
ancient buildings
The
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II
56
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
act of war.
less
59
The
episode at Huarina
;
is
Zarate,
Gomara,
and Diego Fernndez, all three agree in their assertion that Gonzalo Pizarro's life was saved by the eider Garcilasso. After an attempt to deny the action ascribed to
his
father,
Garcilasso,
recognizing
the
futility
arguments in the face of such crushing testimony, makes a complete volte-face (116), and emphasizes the gallantry of the exploit. Throughout the eight books which form the Segunda Parie, we cannot
fail
to see that,
much
as he glories in his
is
not a
little
one of the Conquistadores. He compares the unin of Francisco Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, and Hernando de Luque (117)
his cise relationship to
proud of
and taxes Spain with not remen (118). This comwhich has often been renewed,
might
nation.
6o
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
of methodology.
61
evidence,
offend,
and
the
truth
would
he thinks
advisable to
mask
His avowed
conviction (123), but he cannot see that the omission of facts or of a detail which
is
as grave a fault
accuracy as delibrate
His uncritical mind be too charitable and prevents his being a good judge of men. Garcilasso was not, however, concerned with character-drawing. His aim was to give us the story of Per in the form of a His pleasant and agreeable narrative.
misrepresentation.
inclines
him
to
style,
colloquial,
diffuse,
is
and
easy,
but
never majestic,
object.
in
The
and
Germn,
by Robertson, Prescott, Marmontel, and Sheridan. Sir Clements Markham, during his travels through Per in 1852, carne
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
62
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
64
GARCILASSO DE LA VEGA
course, the reading of
65
good poetry
was
so
much
It
waste.
glorified
'
Sans un peu de gourmandise, on risquerait de perdre un des plus grands plaisirs de la Garcilasso was in no danger of invie
greediness into a virtue, saying
'.
curring
this
risk.
The
first
episode of the
us
asparagus stalks
good
living.
He
tells
almost with
rancorous
annoyance that
he was not
had prepared the materials for cooking and had waited on his father's guests Again, on his way to Spain, (130). Garcilasso passed through some vineyards
(the cultivated grape
was a novelty
in
still
Per),
and
him the bunch of grapes which would have been so acceptable on his journey This suspicion of greediness on (131).
give
his part
and
in small things
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
66
NOTES
NOTES
la Palla doa Isabel Inga Huallpa Topac, vno de los .' hijos de Topac Ynca Yupanqui. Dedicatoria, dated Montilla, January 19, 1586. la mesma gente de Atahuallpa de (2) '. lastima de ver perecer la sangre que ellos dieron lugar a que se tenian por diuina, saliessen del cercado en que los tenian, y ellos mismos los echauan fuera, Todos los que assi faltaron fueron nios y nias, muchachos y muchachas, de diez y onze aos a baxo, vna dellas fue mi madre, y vn hermano suyo llamado do Frcisco Huallpa .' Tupac Inca Yupanqui, Commentarios reales I, Lib. IX, c. XXXVIII, f. 260 v. reales II, Lib. VIII, (3) Comentarios c. XII, f. 2S7 r. See also P. de Gayangos E. de Vedia G. Ticknor, Historia de la literatura espaola, Madrid, 1854, vol. III, p. 555. (4) Mestizo is trie ame given to a child born of a white father and an Indian mother or of an Indian father and a white mother. Pass [Garcilaso de la Vega] ellas (5) [las provincias del Per], con el adelantado don Pedro de Aluarado, ao de mil y quinitos
67
(i)
'Que mi madre
'
AND MONOGRAPHS
F
2
II
68
NOTES
y treyntay vno.' Dedicatoria, dated Montilla, January 19, 1586. Sir Clements Markham,
in the introduction to his translation, First
Part of
the
Royal Commentaries,
says, p. iv,
Don Alonso de
slip.
Alvarado.
(6)
conquistadores was
given to the Spaniards who entered Per with Diego de Almagro or Pedro de Alvarado,
in contradistinction to the original discoverers
I,
Lib.
VII,
(7)
c.
175
r.
The owner
and
was
called a
Coinmentarios Advertencias acerca de la lengva general de los Yndios del Per. For the position of the Conquistador Garcilasso de la Vega's repartimientos see Commentarios
reales
I,
reales
c.
I,
Lib.
f.
f.
I, c.
XXVI,
c.
f.
f.
52 v.
XII,
67
93
v.
XIV,
70 v.
c.
XVI,
(8)
r.
Commentarios reales
v.
I,
Lib. VII,
c.
XI,
I,
f.
177
(9)
Comentarios reales
II, Lib.
VI,
c.
f.
2iov.
II
NOTES
Comentarios reales II, Lib. VI, c 227 r. (il) Comentarios reales II, Lib. II, c XXV, f. 60 r. Lib. IV, c. XLII, f. 1581:. (12) Commentarios reales I, Lib. III, c. I,
(10)
69
XVII,
f.
f.
57
v.
.
.
(13) '.
el
otras
que
vno,
c.
me
.
XXV,
(14)
la
191
r.
'Acuerdme
fiesta
bi de todo esto,
por-
que
de
los
dozenas de acotes, los porque no fui al escuela, los otros me dio el maestro, porque falte della.' Commentarios reales I, Lib. IX, c. XVII, f. 244 r. (15) ' ... el Licenciado Juan Cuellas ... el qual ley grammatica a los Mestizos hijos de hombres nobles, y ricos de aquella ciudad [Cozco]. Mouiose a hazerlo de caridad propria y por suplica de los mismos estudiantes, porque cinco preceptores que en vezes antes auian tenido, los auian desamparado a cinco o seis meses de estudio. ... El canonizo Juan de Cuellar tampoco dex sus discpulos perficionados en latinidad, porque no pudo lleuar el trabajo que passaua, en leer quatro
II
7o
NOTES
lecciones cada da, y acudir a las horas de su coro y assi quedaron imperfectos en la lengua latina.' Commentarios reales I, Lib.
:
II, c.
XXVIII,
r.
f.
55v-f. 56r.
II, Lib.
(i 6)
f.
Comentarios reales
IV,
c.
X,
121
Garcilasso de la
Vega
them
little
years.
mentarlos reales
(18)
II, Lib.
VIII,
c.
I,
XII,
Commentarios
f.
reales
r.
c.
XXII,
(19)
149
. .
r.
acuerdme que otro dia vi vn el arroyo que corre por medio de la placa, estaua junto a las casas de mi condiscpulo en gramtica Juan de Cellorico acuerdme que huyan del los muchachos Yndios q passauan por la calle yo no huy,
'.
Pancuncu en
porque no sabia la causa, que si me la dixeran tambin huyera, que era nio de seys a siete Commentarios reales I, Lib. VII, aos.
c.
VII,
(20)
f.
171 v.
I,
Commeritarios reales
Lib. VI, ce
VIII-IX, ff. 1361-.-137V. (21) Commentarios reales I, Lib. III, c. XVI, ff. 72r.-73r. La Florida del Yuca, Lib. VI, c. II, f. 293 r. [wrongly numbered]
;
II
HISPANIC NOTES
NOTES
(22)
71
Commentarios reales
208
r.
I,
Lib. VIII, c.
IX,
f.
(23)
Commentarios reales
f.
I,
Lib.
IX,
c.
XXXVII,
XVIII,
(25)
f. f.
II,
Lib.
VII,
c.
133
r.
(26)
Comentarios reales II, Lib. IV, c. XX, Lib. V, c. XXII, f. 184 r. Comentarios reales II, Lib. V, c.
;
XXIII,
(27)
los
f.
iS6r.
. .
que yo sabia herrar y sangrar .'. de casa de mi padre Comentarios reales II, Lib. V, c. XXII f.
'.
cauallos
184V.
(28)
Commentarios reales
f.
I,
Lib,
II,
c.
50 v. (29) Blasco Nuez Vela had been sent out from Spain in 1543 as Viceroy of Per toenforce the observance of the ordinances framed
XXV,
Indies.
That Council,
summoned
1
at
Valladolid by Charles
in
541, acting
tolom de
Casas,
who
reported that
the Iridian race, through the oppression of the Spaniards, would rapidly die out, ruled amongst other things that every Spaniard who had been concerned in the faction fights of the Almagros and the Pizarros should
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
72
NOTES
lose his repartimiento.
Peni. Men who had been great landowners now saw themselves beggared at an age
when
and
life
in their distress
natural
leader,
named Procurator-General
the Viceroy
who, in 1544, had landed at Tumbez. On the pretence that he must have an armed forc behind him to ensure success, Gonzalo Pizarro organized a large army and prevailed on the people of Cuzco to ame him Captain-General. (30) Comentarios reales II, Lib. IV, c. X, c. XVII, f. 149 v. ff. i2or.-v. (31) 'Mi padre ... se fue al cveto de santo Domingo, donde le recibieron los re ligiosos, y le escondieron en vna bobeda y hueco de vn entierro, y assi estuuo escondido en aquella casa con mucho secreto mas de quatro meses Comentarios reales II,
;
:
.'
Lib. IV, c.
(32)
XX,
f.
132 v.
Guanuco
arrival
in
Per.
Although his
office
was
II
NOTES
by the Viceroy, the prospect opened by the new regulations so dismayed him that he joined Pizarro's party, arriving,
confirmed
so
it
73
when
the rebel
the desertion of
Comentarios reales
r.
Lib.
casas saquearon los soldados, y vno dellos quiso pegarles fuego, que ya tenia el tizn en
Otro que no era de tan malas que os han hecho las casas ? si pudiramos auer a su dueo, nos vengramos en el pero las paredes que os deuen ? por esto las dexaron de quemar: pero no dexar en ellas cosa que valiesse vn marauedi, ni Yndio, ni Yndia de scruicio, que a todos les pusieron pena de muerte si entrauan en Ouedaro ocho personas en ella la casa. desamparado?, mi madre fue la vna, y vna
la
mano.
entraas
le dixo,
criada, q quiso
mas
el
que negarnos, y yo, y Juan de Alcobaga mi ayo, y su hijo Diego de Alcobaca, y vn hermano suyo, y vna Yndia de seruicio, que tampoco quiso negar a su seor. A Juan de Alcobaca defendi de la muerte
riesgo de que la matassen,
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II
74
NOTES
su buena vida y exemplo, que era tenido por vn hombre quitado de toda passion, e inters mundano a mi madre y a los dems que tambin nos quisieron matar, nos defendi el amistad de algunos que entraron, que aunque andauan con Goncalo Pigarro eran Vn Cazique de los amigos de mi padre. de mi padre que se dezia don Garcia Pauqui vino vna noche a casa, y apercibi que la noche siguiente a tal hora estuuiessen en vela, porque les embiaria veynte y cinco hanegas de Mayz, siete, o ocho noches despus embio otras veynte y cinco, con que pudimos sustentar la vida que dur mas de ocho meses la hambre. Juan de Escobar, que possaua entonces en las casas de Alonso de Mesa, que era calle en medio de las de mi padre, viendo nuestra hambre, y dolindose dea, pidi a mi ayo, Juan de Alcobaca, que me embiasse cada dia a comer y acenar con el la comida se acepto, y la cena no, por no abrir aquellas oras la puerta de casa que a cada momento temamos que nos auian de degollar porque a cada passo nos amenazauan. Y Hernando Bachicao capitn de la artillera, que aun no auia salido con ella, nos caoneo la casa dende la suya ... y acabara de echarla por el suelo, sino que
:
.
. . .
II
NOTES
tambin huuo padrinos que nos
Come/ian'os
121 r.-v.
(34)
f.
75
valieron.'
c.
reales
II,
Lib.
IV,
X,
c.
f.
Comentarios reales
II, Lib.
V,
X,
171
r.
(35)
The Inca
Vega
the
Conquistador as a prisoner, la importunidad dess amigos acab con Goncalo Pigarro, que lo [Garcilasso de la Vega] perdonasse del todo, y tuuiesse por bien de
.
.
y assi se lo lleuaron delante, y lo perdon, y lo truxo csigo debaxo de nombre de prisionero, que nunca mas Goncalo Picarro
verle,
le
dex
salir
de su casa,
el
ni
comer fuera de
su
su mesa, y en
de Sacsahuana ... yo digo lo que passo, como persona a quien le cupo mucha parte
de aquellos trabajos,
y necesidades de mi
padre, q en tres aos no goz de sus Yndios, que estuuo desposeydo dellos, en los quales
el
los suyos,
ocho,
viuimos
XX,
f.
133
r.
c.
X,
171
r.
'
(37)
Francisco Lpez de
Gomara
dize.
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
76
NOTES
Picarro corriera peligro
diera vn cauallo &c.
.
si
.
dize
hablando de la misma batalla [Huarina] Fue en este encuentro derribado Goncalo Pigarro, y Garcilasso (que auia quedado en la silla) se apeo, y le dio su Todo esto cauallo, y le ayudo a subir. Yo he dizen aquellos autores de mi padre. escrito de aquella batalla lo que realmente pass que tomar Goncalo Piqarro el cauallo de mi padre, no fue en el trance de la batalla, pero no me espanto que si no despus della
.
.
los
historiadores
tuuiessen
otra
relacin
acuerdo que algunos mestizos condiscpulos mios de la escuela, me dezian, que auian oydo dezir de mi padre lo que Boluiendo pues Diego Fernandez dize. a lo que los Autores escriuen de mi padre
porque yo
me
que. yo contradiga a graues como ellos son, que ni me creern, ni es justo que nadie lo haga, siendo yo parte. Yo me satisfago con auer
digo,
que no es razn
dicho verdad, tomen lo que quisieren, que sino me creyeren, yo passo por ello, dando por verdadero lo que dixeron de mi padre. ..'
.
XXIII, ff. l85v.-i86r. The Inca includes amongst the three authors of whom he speaks Zarate,
Coinentarios reales
II,
Lib. V,
c.
TI
HISPANIC NOTES
NOTES
but the quotation he gives makes no mention
of Garcilasso's father.
(38)
el
'
77
Yo
mi padre
hasta Ouespicancha tres leguas del C'ozco. Parte del camino fuy a pie y parte me lidiaron dos Vndios a cuestas remuddose a vezes. Para la buelta me dieron vn cauallo, y quien lo lleuasse de diestro, y vi todo lo q he dicho, y pudiera assi mismo dezir en quales casas se aposentar los capitanes cada vno de por si, q los conoci todos, y me acuerdo de las casas con auer casi sesenta aos que pass porque la melo que vamos escriuiendo moria guarda mejor lo q vio en su niez que lo que passa en su edad mayor.' Co:
mentarios reales
189
v.
'
II,
Lib. V,
c.
XXVII,
f.
(39)
...
los
que
el
[Carbajal]
Uamaua
passadores y texedores, que andauan passandossedel vn vandoal otro,comolancaderas en vn telar por lo qual les llamaua texedores,
:
Comentarios ira/es II, Lib. IV, c. XXVIII, f. 142 v. '... a los quales llamauan los de la mira porque en las guerras passadas auian estado a la mira, que ni auian sido .' traydores, ni leales. Comentarios reales II, Lib. VI, c. I, f. 210 v.
. .
.'
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
78
NOTES
XXXV,
Comentarios reales ff. igSv.-aoor. Comentarios reales (41) XLII, f. 208 r.
(40)
II,
Lib.
V,
c.
II,
Lib.
V,
c.
word madrastra.
To understand his father's marriage whilst Chimpa Ocllo was still alive, we must infer
the Conquistador never went through the ceremony of marriage with her or that customs which may be called patriarchal were prevalent. Sir Clements Markeither that
ham
believe that
Chimpa
Ocllo
This view is contradicted by the following passage Destas crueldades naci el cuento que ofresci dezir de Don Francisco hijo de Atahuallpa, y fue, que muri pocos meses antes que yo me viniesse a Espaa el dia siguiente a su muerte bien de maana antes de su entierro vinieron los pocos parientes Incas que auia a visitar a mi madre, y entro ellos vino el Inca viejo de quien otras vezes hemos hecho mencio. El qual en lugar de dar el psame, porque el difunto era sobrino de mi madre, hijo de primo hermano, .' Comment arios reales I, Lib. IX, c. XXXIX, f. 262 v.
was dead.
'
II
S P
AN
NOTES
NOTES
ff.
79
Comentarios reales II, Lib. VII, c. II, 242 r.-243 v. (44) Comentarios reales II, Lib. VII, c. III,
(43)
f.
244
(45)
r.
Comentarios reales
f.
II,
Lib.
VII,
c.
XXX,
II,
Lib. VIII,
c.
Comentarios reales
r.
II,
Lib. VIII,
c.
V,
c.
279
f.
(48)
Comentarios reales
[dated
II,
Lib. VIII,
IV,
January
(50)
f.
Lib. VIII,
XII,
f.
Commenlarios reales
passim.
Lib. II,
c. III,
27
v. et
(51)
f.
Commenlarios reales
Comentarios reales
I,
Lib.
I, c.
VII,
6v.
(52)
II, Lib.
VI,
c.
XIII,
f.
223
v.
Comentarios reales II, Lib. I,c. VI,f. 5 r. The undated Dedicatoria to the Duke of Braganza in La Florida del Ynca. (55) Comentarios reales II, Lib. V, c.
(53)
(54)
XXIII,
(56)
f.
186
r.
Comentarios reales
f.
i
II,
Lib.
IV,
c.
XXIII,
3 6r.
AND
MONOGRAPHS
II
8o
NOTES
(57)
f.
Commentarios reales
Comentarios rea/es
.
I,
Lib. VII, c. X,
176
1
v.
(58)
f.
II, Lib.
IV,
c.
III.
12
v.
.
pidiendo yo mercedes a su los seruicios de mi padre, y por la restitucin patrimonial de mi madre, que por auer muerto en breue tiempo la segunda vida de mi padre, quedamos los dems hermanos desamparados, y vindose en el consejo real de las Yndias las prouancas que de lo vno, y de lo otro present, hallndose conuencidos aquellos seores co mis pro(59) '.
Magestad por
el Licenciado Lope Garcia de Castro (que despus fue por presidente al Per) estando en su tribunal, me dixo, que merced
uancas,
quereys que os haga su Magestad, auiendo hecho vuestro padre con Goncalo Picarro lo que hizo en la batalla de Huarina, y dadole aquella tan gran victoria ? Y aunque yo
repliqu,
le
que auia sido testimonio falso, que auian leuantado,medixo tienen lo escrito
:
y cerraron las puertas a otras que despus ac pudiera auer tenido por mis particulares
seruicios. ..
c.
.'
XXIII,
f.
iS6r.
II
HISPANIC NOTES
NOTES
(60)
81
Comentarios reales
reales
II, Lib.
VIII,
c.
XV,
II,
Lib. V.
c.
(62)
Proemio al
'
letor,
La
Florida del
la
Ynca.
(63)
Tambin
lo
caus escapar yo de
guerra tan desbalijado y adeudado, que no me fue possible boluer a la Corte, sino acogerme a los rincones de la soledad.
.'
.
.
II,
Lib. V,
c.
XXIII,
c.
Commentarios reales
f.
I,
Lib. VIII,
223 r. (65) Dedicatoria (dated from Montilla, January 19, 1 586). (66) Proemio al letor, La Florida del Ynca. Dedicatoria of Garcilasso's translation of Len Hebreo to Maximilian of Austria,
XXIII,
Montilla,
'
March
12, 1587.
(67)
Todo
historia de la Florida, sacndola de su lugar, por obedecer a los venerables padres maestros de la sancta Compaa de Jess Miguel Vzquez de Padilla natural de Seuilla, y Gernimo de Prado natural de Vbeda, que me lo mandaron assi, y de alli lo quit, aunque tarde, por ciertas causas tyranicas
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
Sa
NOTES
.
.'
Commeitaros reales
v.
I,
Lib. II,
c.
VII,
f-
33
(68)
f.
Commentarios reales
v. et
I,
Lib. V,
c.
VI,
104
(69)
passim.
(70)
VII,
f.
et passim.
c.
Commentarios reales I, Lib. VIII, V, f. 202 r. c. XXIII, f. 222 r. (72) Commentarios reales I, Lib. IX,
(71)
;
c.
XXIX,
(73)
f.
2531-.-V.
II,
Comentarios reales
f.
Lib. VII,
c.
XXII,
(74)
265r.-v.
is
The quinua
its seeds boiled like rice, Commentarios stems used as fuel. reales I, Lib. VIII, c. IX, f. 207 v. (75) Comentarios reales II, Lib. VIII, c.
and
its
XX, f.
(76)
299
v.
On
translation,
Maximilian's letter
'Al Capitn Garcilasso Inga de la Vega. Ante Ayer me embio don Juan de Herrera, hijo del Alcayde de Priego la traduccin de
suya.
Len Hebreo hecha por V.m. con vna carta Vino todo tan de noche que pare-
II
HISPANIC NOTES
NOTES
ciendome corto el tiempo para sinificar la merced que con ello auia recibido, con su licencia difer el hazerlo paraaora: qauiendo
leydo otra del libro propio
83
me
parece lo sera
tambin el de toda mi vida, para corresponder a tanta merced. Beso V.m. las minos por ella, y por el fauor que me haze con palabras y con obras poniendo en tanto punto mi corto juyzio, que quiere le haga de obras salidas de sus manos. Lo que el y yo valiremos sera para reconocimiento della en todo lo que V.m. mandarme quisiere. Para lo qual desde aora me ofrezco por
:
seruidor, suplicando
el
licencia
de V.m. me quedo con el libro hasta fin de Setiembre por gozar del de espacio tendrelo en los ojos, y al fin deste tiempo lo boluere. Nuestro seor guarde V.m. de Alcal y de
Junio diez y nueue, 1587.
'
Maximiliano de Auxtria.'
Siglo
(78)
'la
belleza
la prosa,
que tanto
la
contrasta con
-
.'
M. Menndez y
AND MONOGRAPHS
G
2
84
NOTES
(79)
'
particular de
los regalos
y fauores que me hizieron que vno dellos fue librarme de la muerte.' Dedication to the Duke of Braganza o La Florida del Ynca.
(80) Ibid.
f.
Florida del Ynca, Lib. I, c. I, c. IX, ff. 322 n-322 v. pues no todas partes ay oro (82) ni plata, y en todas viuen las gentes.' La Florida del Ynca, Lib. VI, c. XXI, f. 346 r. (83) La Florida del Ynca, Lib. VI, c.
(81)
1 r.
;
La
'
.
Lib. VI,
.
.
XVII,
(84)
f.
ff.
336r.-v.
La Florida del
c.
XXI,
346
(85)
r.-v.
La
II, c.
Libro
Parte del
(86) ' De mi se dezir que si coforme el animo, y desseo vuiera dado el Seor la possibilidad, holgara gastarla jtamente con la vida co esta heroica empresa: Mas ella
se
nado.
c.
deue de guardar para algn bien afortu.' La Florida del Ynca, Lib. VI, IX, ff. 322 V.-323 r. (87) La Florida del Ynca, Proemio al
.
.
letor.
(88) First Par ofthe Roy al Commetitaries of the Yncas, translated by Sir Clements R.
II
NOTES
Markham,
p.
vol.
II,
book
VII,
c.
XIV
266 n.
(89)
La
La
Florida del
Ynca, Proemio al
I, c.
letor.
(90)
f.
VII,
1 1
v.
La Florida del Ynca, I Parte del Lib. XIII, f. 53 v. c. XV, f. 57 v. (92) La Florida del Ynca, Lib. V, c. XIV, Lib. VI, c. V, f. 314V. f. 3021-. Lib. VI, Lib. VI, c. XIV, f. 332 r. c. X, f. 323 v. . yo escriuo de relacin agena de (93) quien lo vio y manej personalmte. El qual quiso ser tan fiel en su relaci, q captulo por
(91)
II, c.
;
;
captulo
como
le
yu escriuido
los
yua
co-
sobraua de lo q el auia dicho, q ni vna palabra agena por otra de las suyas nuca las csintio.
Florida del Ynca, I Parte del Lib. f. S2v. ' Apeaos, y dormid lo que quisieredes, (94) pues atrueque de no resistir vna hora mas el sueo quereys que nos maten los Indios.'
.
.'
La
II, c.
XXVII,
La
c.
II,
XIV,
55 v.
.
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
86
NOTES
despus se topo con vn soldado Castellano que se dezia Francisco de Troche ... el qual Goncalo le dixo, lleuays algo que comer ? Si, que Syluestre le respodio por donayre. vnos mazapanes mui buenos rezien hechos me truxeron aora de Seuilla. Francisco de
Troche en lugar de enfadarse, rio el disparate. A este punto llego otro soldado ... el qual enderezando su pregunta a los que hablauan en los macapanes les dixo Vosotros teneys (que no era otro el lenguage algo que comer de aquellos dias) Goncalo Syluestre resVna rosca de Vtrera tengo mui pondi buena, tierna y rezien sacada de el horno, si quereys della partir con vos largamente.'
: : :
La Florida
155 \\-156r.
(96)
'
.
c.
VIII,
f.
sacaron a tierra
la
muger
del
dozellas,
salieron algunos caualleros esperimtados en semejantes peligros, los quales sedauan tanta priessa a entrar en el batel, que perdido el respeto que a las damas se les deue, no se comedian
mocos,
no
ni
dauan lugar a q ellas entrassen primero, pareciendoles que no era tipo de comedimientos.'
La
r.
I,
c.
VIII,
f.
15
II
HISPANIC NOTES
NOTES
que gte tan barbara inhumana (97) La Florida del no quiere oyr sermones.' Ynca, Lib. I, c. IV, f. 6 r.
' .
.
87
(98)
Biedma was
His
official
King
of
account is brief. (99) Relacam verdadeira dos trabalhos do gonemador Don Hernando de Solo. Por un fidalgo Deivas (Evora, 1557). (100) This fragment was incorporated in Oviedo's Historia Natural y General de las Indias, Islas e Tierra Firme del mar ocano
Spain.
IS35-I557)(101) The not over-scrupulous Antonio de Herrera made use of Garcilasso's La Florida del Yaca in his Historia de los hechos de los
Castellanos en las Islas i Tierra firme del mar ocano (1601), transcribing it almost entirely
c.
I, Lib. IX, 263 r., f. 264 r. (103) Prologo a los Yndios Mestizos y criollos. Comentarios reales II, Sccond Dedication of the Dialoghi di Amore et
(102)
Commentarios reales
XL,
f.
passim.
(104)
'
. .
me
dispuse
al
trabajo
sido.
.
tan
.'
.
eccesiuo
Commentarios reales I, Lib. VII, c. VIII, f. 172 v., Comentarios reales II, Lib. VIII.
c.
XX,
f.
299 v.
AND MONOGRAPHS
88
NOTES
(105)
Commentarios reales
18
r.
I,
Lib.
I,
c.
XIX,
f.
f.
I, c.
III,
2V.
(107) Comentarios rea/es
II,
Lib.
II,
c.
XXIX,
(108)
f.
f.
64 v.;
mentarios reales
5 v.
Commentarios reales
Lib.
I, c.
VI,
escriuia por
'Su paternidad [Blas Valera] lo mejor orden, mas breue, y con mucha gala, y hermosura. Commentarios
(109)
.
.'
reales
Lib. V, c.
passim. Comentarios reales II, Lib. V, c. XXXIX, ff. 203 V.-204V. (112) La Florida del Ynca, I Parte del In Commentarios Lib. II, c. VI, f. 39 v.
f.
104
v. et
(1 11)
reales
I,
Lib.
II,
c.
XXVII,
f.
52 v. and
f.
53
v.,
Quichuan songs, and gives his translation. See also Professor E. C. Hills, T/ie Romn ic Review, vol. V, pp. 1 53- 155. (113) Commentarios reales I, Lib. VII, c.
XXVII,
(114)
f.
192V.-C.
XXVIII,
c.
f.
194
I,
v.
c.
Commentarios reales
121 v.; Lib. VI,
Lib. V,
f.
XXII,
f.
XXXIII,
161 v.
II
HISPANIC NOTES
NOTES
I, Lib. V, c. VI, f. 134 v. Boluiendo pues a lo que los Autores (116) [Zarate, Gomara, and Diego Fernandez] escriuen de mi padre digo, que no es razn que yo contradiga a tres testigos tan graues como ellos son, que ni me creern, ni es justo que nadie lo haga, siendo yo parte. Yo me satisfago con auer dicho verdad, tomen lo que quisieren, que sino me creyeren, yo passo por ello, dando por verdadero lo que dixeron de mi padre para honrrarme y preciarme dello, con dezir que soy hijo de vn hombre tan esforzado, y animoso y de tanto valor, que en vn rompimimiento de batalla
89
(115)
f.
Commentarios reales
r.
;
IX,
107
'
Lib. VI,
c.
tan
rigurosa y
los
como
fuesse
cruel como aquella fue, y mismos historiadores la cuentan, mi padre de tanto animo esfuerco y
valenta,
lo
vna batalla tan importante como aquella, que pocas hazaas ha auido en el mundo Comentarios reales II, Lib. V, semejantes.'
XXIII, f. i86r.-v. (117) Hernando de Luque was a schoolmaster at Panam. It was arranged that
c.
he should remain
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
9o
NOTES
estates of Pizarro and Almagro, that Pizarro should head the discovery party, and that Almagro should go backwards and for-
the
wards
(118)
f.
vvith
reinforcements
of
men and
I, c. II,
supplies of food.
Co7ne7itarios reales II, Lib.
v.-f.
2
'.
r.
.
.
(119)
la Isla
mogo
que aun apenas tenia veinte y dos aos, tan mal enseado en la lengua general de los Yncas, como en la particular de los Espaoles
.
mala y de
lo
contrario
sentido
no porque
quisiesse
hazer maliciosamente sino porque no entenda lo que interpretaua y que lo dezia como vn
papagayo.
c.
Comentarios reales II, Lib. I7v.-i8r. (120) Comentarios reales II, Lib. I,
.
..'
I,
XXIII,
ff.
c.
XXXVI,
f.
f.
28
r.
I,
c. III.
6v.
(122) 'Assi que de vn principe tal que puede ygualarse con todos los de la fama, no se permite dezir cosas semejantes aunque fueran verdades.' Comentarios reales II,
Lib. III,
c.
'
IX,
f.
92
r.
c.
XIX,
f.
104
v.
(123)
Que mi
intencin
nunca
es otra sino
II
NOTES
contar llanamente lo que passo, sin lisonja,
ni
91
vno,
del
lo
II,
Lib. IV, c.
XLI,
f.
que escriue
.
los
pos . me obliga y aun fuerca . . que sin passion ni aficin diga la verdad de lo que
. .
pass.
.'
Lib. V,
c.
XXXIX,
f.
203
v. et
passim.
A (124) Sir C. R. Markham, Cusco: fourney to the Ancient Capital of Per; with ati account of the hislory, language, literalure and antiqtdties of the Incas and Luna, a visit to the Capital and Provinces of Modem Per ; with a sketch of the vice'
regal gover?iment, history of the republic, and a revictu of the literature and society of Per (London, 1856), p. 23.
(125) Ibid.
(126) ... de mi parte he hecho lo que he podido, no auiendo podido lo que he des'
seado.'
Commentarios reales
19
. .
I,
Lib.
I,
c.
XIX,
f.
r.
(127)'.
Garcic. XXXII, f. 69 v. have obtained permission for his father's remains to be brought over to Spain, where they were interred in the Church
reales II, Lib. II,
lasso
seems
to
AND MONOG-RAPHS
II
92
NOTES
of
San Isidro
VIII,
at Seville.
c.
Comentarios reales
XII, f. 286 r. (128) ' ... Yo me despoje de toda la ropa blanca que tenia, y de vnos tafetanes que auia hecho a la soldadesca, que eran como
II, Lib.
vanderas de infantera de muchos colores vn ao antes le auia embiado a la Corte vn cauallo muy bueno, q me pidi, que todo ello llegara valer quinitos ducados. Ya
:
cerca dellos
me
dixo
hermano
fialdos
de mi,
tierra,
os embiar
que
dos mil pesos por el cauallo, y por este regalo me aueis hecho. Yo creo que el lo
mi buena fortuna lo estonio que llegando Payta que es termino del Per, de puro contento y regozijo, de verse en su tierra, espir dentro de tres dias.' Comentarios reales II, Lib. VIII, c. XVII, f. 296 v. por q toda mi vida (sacada la (129) '. buena poesa) fuy enemigo de ficciones, como son libros de cauallerias, y otras semejtes, las gracias desto deuo dar al illustre cauallero Pedro Mexia de Seuilla, porq co vna reprehensin, que en la heroyca obra de los Cesares haze, a los que se ocupan en leer y
hiziera assi, pero
. .
componer
me
quito
el
amor
podia tener, y
me
II
HISPANIC NOTES
NOTES
hizo aborrecerlos para siempre.'
93
La Florida
c.
del Ynca,
f.
II,
XXVII,
82
v.
(130) '. .. Desta manera se comieron los esprragos con mas regozijo y fiesta, que si fuera el aue Fnix, y aunque yo seru a la mesa, y hize traer todos los aderentes, no me cupo cosa alguna.' Commentarios reales I. Lib. IX, c. XXX, f. 254 v. El qual [Alfonso Vaez] me (131) '.
. .
la
vuas, sin darme vn gajo que fuera gr regalo para vn husped caminante, y tan amigo como yo lo era suyo, Commentarios y dellas mas no lo hizo
de
muy hermosas
:
dellas
.'
reales
I,
Lib. IX,
c.
XXVI,
f.
250
r.
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
94
INDEX
PAGES
Catherine of Portugal Cellorico (Juan de) Centeno (Diego de) Coles (Juan)
. . .
48, 49
8,
70
15
39, 40
Commcntarios Reales
Contreras (Martn de) Crdoba (Francisco de) Cullar (Juan de) Charles V Chimpa Ocllo ^Isabel)
35, 44
8-2, 63
6, 7,
29 22 69
7
1
1,
67, 78
Daro (Rubn).
Dialop-hi di
31
26, 3 2 -35, 37
A more
46,87
13, 74
Fernndez de Crdoba y Figueroa (Alonso) Fernndez de Palencia (Diego) 51, 59, 76,
Figueroa (Juan de) 19 Florida del Yuca (La) 24, 27, 33, 36-47, 48, 63 Francisco (son ofAtahualpa) 78
.....
...
Garca Pauqui
....
96
INDEX
(Pedro) de Biedma (Luis) de Oviedo (Gonzalo Girn (Francisco) Herrera (Agustn de) Herrera (Antonio de) Herrera (Juan de) Hills (Elijah Clarence Huallpa Tupac Huallpa Tupac (Francisco
. .
j
.....
.
.
46, 87
19,
Huscar
Huayna Capac
....
.
.18,
87 20 32 8
8 67
33, 8
2,
67
Inca, El.
His birth, 4 his education, 5-7 his his amusements, 8-10 ; his playmates, 7-8 accomplishments, 11 he undergoes the terrors of a siege, 13 he escapes from Cuzco, 14; he lives in great poverty, 14 he is sent to greet Diego de Centeno, 15 he goes to meet his father after the battle of Huarina, 16; he escapes with his father from Girn and his followers, 19 he becomes secretary to his father, Corregidor of Cuzco, 20 he loses his parents, 21 he leaves Per for Spain, 21 Seville, 22 he arrives at he goes to Madrid, he meets Hernando Pizarro and Barto23 lom dlas Casas, 23 he obtains a commission asCaptain, 22 he is grantedan interview with the Council of the Indies, 23 he takes part in the Alpujarras' risini;, 24 he conceives the idea of writing La Florida, 24-25 he retires from the army to Cordova, 26 he begins the translation of the Dialoglii di Amore, 26 he moves to Las Posadas, 26 he finishes
;
;
;
II
HISPANIC NOTES
INDEX
pages Inca, El continued). La Florida, 27 ; he removes to his former quarters, 27 ; his sense of isolation, 28 ; his pleasure in reminiscences ot the Incas, 28-29
;
97
his death,
30-31
24, 26
Lasso de Lasso de
75) 7
la la
5, 11, 12,
Vega, the poct (Garci) Vega, the Conquistador (Garci) 2,3 13, 15, 17, 19. 2 > 2I 59, 68 70, 73,
. > >
Lasso de la Vega, el Inca .Garci), see el inca. Len (Pedro Cieza de) Loaysa (Antonio de) 42 Lpez Cacho (Juan) 51, 59, 75, Lpez de Gomara (Francisco) 59, Luque (Hernando de)
.
51
r 9 43
>
89
89
Manco Capac
54 57 61, 68, 78, 85, 91 Markham (Sir Clements) 61 Marmontel (Jean-Francois) . Maximilian of Austria 33, 34, 35, 8l 8s 8 3 21 Mendoza (Andrs Hurtado de) 4 Mendoza (Francisco de) 29 Mendoza (Garca de) 83 Menndez y Pelayo (Marcelino) 74 Mesa (Alonso de) 64, 92 Mexia (Pedro)
.
...
M
.
.
...
>
.... ....
Montesa (Carlos)
32
AND MONOGRAPHS
II
98
INDEX
Ticknor (George)
Vaez (Alfonso)
Valencia (Pedro de) Valera(Blas) Vargas (Juan de) Vzquez de Padilla (Miguel) Vedia (E. de) . . Velarde (Alonso Hurtado de) Velez de Guevara (Luis)
.
.
Xuarez (Fernando)
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