1Note:

DLSU OUTLINE IN PERSONS AND FAMILY RELATIONS 2ND TERM, SY 2011-2012 ------------------All articles references are to the Family Code unless a Civil Code article reference ( NCC ) is indicated.

I.

INTRODUCTION 1 Tolentino, Civil Code, pp. 1-10 [1990 Edition]

II.

EFFECT AND APPLICATION OF LAWS Arts. 1 to 13, pp. 1-52 of Tolentino NCC 1 - 18 A. When law takes effect NCC 2 Revised Administrative Code (RAC) Secs. 18-24 Exec. Order 200, Sec. 2 Pesigan v. Angeles 129 SCRA 174 Taada v. Tuvera 136 SCRA 27 National Electrification Administration vs. Gonzaga, G.R. No. 158761, December 4, 2007 Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010 B. Ignorance of the law NCC 3 KASILAG VS. RODRIGUEZ, 69 PHIL 217 Elegado v. Court of Appeals, 173 SCRA 285

C. Retroactivity of laws NCC 4, cf. NCC 2252 - 2269 Revised Penal Code (RPC) 22 Family Code (FC) 255 Frivaldo vs. Comelec, G.R. No. 120295, June 28, 1996 Aruego vs CA, 254 SCRA 711 D. Mandatory or Prohibitory Laws NCC Art. 5 with NCC Art. 17 (3) E. Waiver of rights NCC Art. 6 NCC Art. 2035 PEFTOK Integrated Services vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 124841. July 31, 1998 DM Consunji vs. CA, G.R. No. 137873, April 20, 2001 Ferrer v Diaz, G.R. No. 165300, April 23, 2010 F. Repeal of laws NCC 7 cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XVIII Sec. 3 FC 254 Thornton vs. Thornton, Aug. 16, 2004 Lledo v Lledo, A.M. No. P-95-1167, February 9, 2010

G.

Judicial Decisions NCC 8 De Roy vs. CA, 157 SCRA 757 Pesca vs. Pesca, G.R. No. 136921. April 17, 2001

H. Duty to render judgment NCC 9 RPC 5 I. Presumption and Applicability of Custom NCC 10 - 12 cf. 1987 Constitution, Art. XII Sec. 5 Rules of Court Rule 129 (2), (3) Martinez v. Van Buskirk, 18 Phil. 79 Alonzo v Padua, 150 SCRA 379 J. Legal periods NCC 13 cf. Rules of Court (ROC) Rule 22 RAC Sec. 31 Armigos v. CA 179 SCRA 1 Namarco v. Tecson 29 SCRA 70 Go v. Dizon 214 SCRA 41 [See Concurring Opinion, J. Regalado] Quiqui v. Boncaros, 151 SCRA 416

K. Applicability of Penal Laws NCC 14 Rayray vs. Chae Kyung Lee, G.R. No. 18176, October 26, 1966 L. Binding effect

NCC 15 cf. FC 26 par. 2 Tenchavez v. Escao 15 SCRA 355 ATCI Overseas Corp vs. Echin, G.R. No. 178551, Oct. 11, 2010 NCC 16 Bellis vs. Bellis, G.R. No. L-23678, June 6, 1967 NCC 17 German vs. Donaldson, 1 Phil 63 Kazuhiro Hasegawa vs. Kitamura, G.R. No. 149177, November 23, 2007 NCC 18 Atty. Marietta d. Zamoranos vs. People of the Philippines and Samson R. Pacasum, Sr., GR. No. 193902, June 1, 2011

III.

PERSONS & PERSONALITY

A. The concept of a person and personality NCC 37 - 39 Classes of persons and their distinctions 4

Elements of civil capacity Juridical capacity v. personality Juridical capacity v. capacity to act B. Commencement and termination of personality 1. Natural Persons (a) Birth NCC 40 - 41 1987 Constitution, Art. II Sec. 12 P.D. 603 [Child and Youth Welfare Code], Art. 5 FC 164 RPC Arts. 256 - 259 Geluz v. CA 2 SCRA 801 Quimiging v. Icao 34 SCRA 134 De Jesus v. Syquia 58 Phil 866 Continental Steel vs. Montano, GR 182836, October 13, 2009

(b) Death NCC 42 Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pio Fragante 80 Phil 776 Dumlao v. Quality Plastics 70 SCRA 472 Eugenio v. Velez 185 SCRA 425 Marcos v. Manglapus, G.R. No. 88211. Oct. 27, 1989 NCC 43 ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3 (jj) - (kk) (1989 Rev. Rules on Evidence) Joaquin v. Navarro 93 Phil 257 2. Juridical Persons

NCC 44-47 Batas Pambansa Blg. 68 (Corp. Code), Secs. 2, 4, 17 NCC 1767-1768 C. Juasing vs Hardware, July 30, 1982 Restrictions on civil capacity 1. Presumption of capacity Catalan vs. Basa, G.R. No. 159567, July 31, 2007 2. Restrictions on capacity to act NCC 38 - 39, cf. NCC 1327 (a) Minority 1. Age of majority, R.A. 6809 2. A.M. NO. 03-02-05-SC Rules on Guardianship 3. Suffrage, Sec. 1 Art. V 1987 Constitution [cf. Sangguniang Kabataan] 4. Marriage, FC 5; 45 (1); cf. R.A. 6809 5. Contracts NCC 1327 NCC 1390 (par. 1), 1403 (par. 3) NCC 1397, 1399 NCC 1489 NCC 1426 - 1427 Mercado v. Espiritu 37 Phil 215 Bambalan v. Maramba 51 Phil 417 Suan Chian v. Alcantara 85 Phil 669 Braganza v. Villa-Abrille 105 Phil 456 6. Criminal liability RPC 12 (2) - (3); 6

RPC 13 (2); PD 603 Secs. 189 204 RA 9344, Juvenile Justice Act Atizado vs People, GR No. 173822, October 13, 2010 Also see: Rule 3, Section 5 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure (b) Insanity 1. Marriage, FC 45 (2) 2. Contracts, NCC 1327 (1), 1328 3. Criminal liability, RPC 12 (1) Rule 101, Rules of Court US v. Vaguilar, 27 Phil 88 People v. Rafanan 204 SCRA 65 Standard Oil v. Arenas, GR No. L-5921, July 25, 1911 Hernandez vs Santos, G.R. No. 169217, August 7, 2009 (c) (d) (e) (f) Deaf-Mutism, NCC 1327 (2), 807 & 820 Prodigality, ROC Rule 92 Sec. 2 Civil Interdiction, RPC 31, 34, 41 Family Relations FC 150-151; cf. FC 87 NCC 1490 NCC 2035 cf. NCC 963-967 (g) Alienage, cf. Art. IV, Secs. 1-5, 1987 Constitution (h) Absence, NCC 381 396, FC 411
(i) Insolvency and Trusteeship, NCC 1381, 1491, 2236 (j) Gender, Art. II, Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution; cf. NCC 403

See also: Rule 3 Section 4, 1997 Rules of Civil Procedure 7

D. Domicile and residence of persons 1. Juridical persons, NCC 51 2. Natural persons NCC 50 FC 68-69, cf. NCC 110 cf. FC 55, 101, 149, 152, 101 Romualdez-Marcos vs COMELEC, 248 SCRA 300

IV. INTRODUCTION TO THE FAMILY CODE Tolentino, Persons and Family Relations in the Civil Code A. Effect and Retroactivity E.O. 29, as amended by E.O. 227, R.A. 8609, R.A. 7160 FC 255, cf. FC 36 in rel. to 39, FC 105, FC 162, FC 257 Lupo Atienza v. Judge Brilliantes, 243 SCRA 32 Bernabe vs. Alejo, 374 SCRA 180 Fuentes vs. Roca, G.R. No. 178902, April 21, 2010 B. Repeal/Amendment FC 254, 255 V. MARRIAGE & PERSONAL RELATIONS BETWEEN SPOUSES A. The concept of marriage FC 1 cf. NCC 52, FC 149 Art II Sec. 12, 1987 Constitution Art. XV Sec. 2, 1987 Constitution 9

Estrada v Escritor, A.M. No. P-02-1651. August 4, 2003 B. Nature of marriage in Philippine law FC 1 cf. Rule 131 Sec. 3, 1989 Rules on Evidence, NCC 220 Muslim Code, (P.D. 1083) Sec. 14 Goitia vs Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252 Sermonia v. CA 233 SCRA 155 Silverio vs Republic, October 22, 2007 People v De La Cruz, G.R. No.187683, February 11, 2010

C. Agreements prior to marriage 1. Stipulations prior to marriage FC 1 cf. NCC 221 Panganiban v. Borromeo 58 Phil 367 In re Santiago 70 Phil 66

2. Breach of promise to marry NCC 19 - 21; NCC 2176; NCC 1403 2(c) MC 22 Wassmer v. Velez 12 SCRA 648 Tanjanco v. CA 18 SCRA 994 Baksh v. CA, 219 SCRA 115

10

D. Requisites for a valid marriage 1 Tolentino 222 - 269 Mariategui v. CA 205 SCRA 337 1. Kinds of requisites & effects of non-compliance FC 2-3; FC 5; FC 45 cf. NCC 53 RPC 350-351 Mallion vs Alcantara, 506 SCRA 336 2. Essential requisites (a) Legal Capacity (i) Gender, FC 2 ( 1) cf. FC 148 Silverio vs Republic, October 22, 2007 (ii). Age FC 5; FC 35 (1); R.A. 6809 cf. FC 21 NCC 54 & 80 (1) RPC 344 cf. DOJ Opinion 145 S.1991 (Oct. 1991) (iii) Absence of impediment, FC 5 Garcia vs. Recio, 365 SCRA 437 Te vs. Choa, G.R. No. 126446, Nov. 29, 2000 (346 SCRA 327) 3. Parental consent, FC 14; FC 45 11

4. Consent freely given by both spouses (a). Mistake as to identity, FC 35 (5); NCC 86 (1) (b). Effect of insanity, FC 45 (2) ( c) Effect of violence, FC 45 (4) ( d). Effect of fraud, FC 45 (3); FC 46, NCC 1338 1344 Anaya vs Palaroan, Nov. 26, 1970 (e). Effect of force, intimidation and undue influence, FC 45 (2); NCC 1335 1337 Villanueva vs CA, 505 Scra 564 (f). Effect of physical incapacity/impotence, FC 45 (5) Jimenez v. Caizares 109 Phil 27 Alcazar v Alcazar, G.R. No. 174451, October 13, 2009 (f) Effect of affliction with STD, FC 45 (6); 46 (3)

5. Formal Requisites (a) Marriage license Republic v. CA, 236 SCRA 257 12

Sevilla v Cardenas, 497 SCRA 429 Sy vs. CA, G.R. No. 127263, April 12, 2000 Alcantara vs. Alcantara, G.R. No. 167746, Aug. 28, 2007 De Castro v De Castro, G.R. No. 160172, February 13, 2008 1. Where to apply, FC 9 - 10 2. Requirements for issuance a. application, FC 11 b. proof of capacity, FC 12-14; FC 21 cf. NCC 84 cf. DOJ Opinion 50 S. 1991 (April 30, 1991) DOJ Opinion 146 S. 1991 (Oct. 17, 1991) c. parental advice, FC 15 d. marriage counseling, FC 16 e. publication, FC 17 f. investigation of impediments, FC 18 g. payment of fees, FC 19 h. family planning certificate, P.D. 965 3. 4. 5. 6. Place where valid, FC 20 Period of validity, FC 20 Duties of the Civil Registrar, FC 24-25 marriages exempt from license requirement FC 27-34, cf. NCC 76, P.D. 1083 Nial vs. Bayadog, G.R. 133778, Mar. 14, 2000

Republic vs Dayot, March 28, 2008

(b) Authority of the solemnizing officer 1. Who are authorized FC 7, 10, 31 & 32 NCC 56, 74, 76 13

R.A. 7160 (1991 Local Government Code), Secs. 444(b)(1)(xviii), 445 (b)(1)(xviii) Aranes vs Occiano, 380 SCRA 402 Navarro v. Domagtoy S.C. A.M. MTJ-96-1088, July 19, 1996 2. How authorized FC 7 (2) cf. NCC 92-96 Villar v. Paraiso 96 Phil 659 3. Effect of absence of authority FC 4; FC 35 (2) RPC 352 cf. Tenchavez v. Escao, 15 SCRA 355 at page 360 4. Duties of the solemnizing officer, FC 23-24 5. Effect of irregularity, FC 4 (c) Marriage Ceremony 1. form of ceremony, FC 3 (3); FC 6 cf. FC 33, FC 8 Martinez v. Tan 12 Phil 731 2. Place for ceremony, FC 8; FC 28-29; FC 32-33 3. Issuance of marriage certificate, FC 6; FC 22 Madridejo v. De Leon 55 Phil 1 People v. Borromeo 133 SCRA 106

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E. Law governing validity of marriages abroad 1 Tolentino 260 - 263 1. General rule in contracts (a) As to form, NCC 17 (1) and (2) (b) As to substantive requirements, NCC 15 & 17 (3) 2. Special rule in marriage (a) lex loci celebrationis, FC 26; FC 21, FC 10 Yao Kee v. Sy-Gonzales, 167 SCRA 786 (b) Exceptions FC 26 in relation to FC 35(1), 35(4), 35(5), 36, 37 & 38 cf. NCC 71 DOJ Opinion No. 11 S. 1990 (Jan. 17, 1990) F. Common-law marriages/ live-in relationships FC 147, cf. RPC 350 FC 148 (adulterous) Rule 131 Sec. 3, 1989 Rules on Evidence cf. NCC 220 FC 26 par. 1 NCC Book II, Title III (484-501) Lesaca v. Lesaca, 91 Phil 135 Yaptinchay v. Torres, 28 SCRA 489

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G. Void Marriages 1 Tolentino 270 - 310 General rule, FC 4 1. Kinds of void marriages (a) Absence of requisites cf. VII (D) of Outline FC 35 cf. FC 234, RA 6809 Alcantara v Mallion, GR NO. 1677446, August 18, 2007 So v Valera, GR 150677, June 5, 2009 De Castro v De Castro, G.R. No. 160172, February 13, 2008 Republic v Dayot, G.R. No. 175581, March 28, 2008 (b) Bigamous and polygamous marriages, FC 35(4), 39, 40, 41, 44 RPC 344, 349 Apiag v. Cantero S.C. A.M. MTJ-95-1070, Feb. 12, 1997 Mercado vs Tan, 337 SCRA 122 (opinin of J. Vitug) Bobis v Bobis, GR 139509, July 31, 2000 Ty vs. CA, G.R. No.127406, Nov. 27, 2000 Morigo vs Morigo, 422 SCRA Tenebro vs. CA, G.R. No. 150758. February 18, 2004 (read concurring of Justice Vitug) (c) Subsequent marriage, upon reappearance of absent spouse FC 41 in relation to FC 42-44 NCC 390-391, FC 55 (9), FC 101 Jones v. Hortiguela 64 Phil 179 Republic vs. Nolasco, 220 SCRA 20, March 17, 1993

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Bienvenido vs. Court of Appeals, 237 SCRA 676, October 24, 1994 SSS vs Jarque vda. De Bailon, G.R. No. 165545, March 24, 2006 Procedure Republic vs. Bermudez - Lorino, 449 SCRA 57, January 19, 2005 Republic vs Tango, July 31, 2009

(d) Bad faith of both spouses, under FC 44 (e) Psychological incapacity under FC 36 FC 36, 39, 68-73 R.A. 8533 Santos v. CA 240 SCRA 20 Chi Ming Tsoi v. CA G.R. No. 119190, Jan. 16, 1997 Republic v. Olaviano Molina (1997) Hernandez vs. Court of Appeals, 320 SCRA 76, December 08, 1999 Marcos vs. Marcos, 343 SCRA 755, October 19, 2000 Republic vs. Dagdag, 351 SCRA 425 RP vs. Quintero-Hamano, G.R. No. 149498, May 20, 2004 Antonio vs.Reyes, G.R. No. 155800, Mar. 10,2005 Republic vs. Iyoy, 470 SCRA 508, September 21, 2005 Almelor vs RTC-Las Pinas, GR No. 179620, Aug. 26, 2008 Te vs Te, GR No. 161793, Feb. 13, 2009 Azcueta vs RP, G.R. No. 180668, May 26, 2009 Halili v Halili, GR 165424, June 9, 2009 (Motion for Recon) Aspillaga vs Aspillaga, GR 170925, October 26, 2009 Lim v Lim, G.R. No. 174464, February 4, 2010 Toring v Toring, G.R. No. 165321, August 3, 2010

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Camacho-Reyes v Reyes, G.R. No. 185286, August 18, 2010

(f) Incestuous marriages, FC 37 cf. NCC 963-967 (g) Marriages against public policy FC 38, compare FC 38(6) with NCC 80(6) RPC 246 NCC 80(7), 82 NCC 963-967 (h) Non-compliance under FC 53 Sec. 21, 22 and 23, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 2. Who can invoke nullity, FC 36, FC 39, FC 40 Sec. 2, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 Nial vs. Bayadog, G.R. 133778, Mar. 14, 2000 Catalan vs. Court of Appeals, 514 SCRA 607, February 6, 2007 Enrico vs. Heirs of Sps. Medinaceli, G.R. No. 173614, September 28, 2007 Carlos s. Sandoval, GR 179922, December 16, 2008 Ablaza v Republic, G.R. No. 158298, August 11, 2010

3. When to file action for declaration of nullity FC 39; FC 26 par. 2 in relation to FC 255; FC 42, par. 2 FC 237 in rel to R.A. 6809, Art. 236

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4. Procedure in actions for declaration of nullity a. Requisite for valid remarriage, see VII (E)(10)(b) above b. Safeguards against collusion, FC 48 Malcampo Sin vs. Sin, 355 SCRA 285 Ancheta vs Ancheta, 424 SCRA 725 Salmingo v Rubica, A.C. No. 6573, July 9, 2007 c. No confession of judgment, FC 48; cf. NCC 2035 d. A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 Jocson v. Robles 22 SCRA 521 Tolentino v. Villanueva 56 SCRA 1 Salcedo-Ortanez v. CA 235 SCRA 111 e. No Motion to Dismiss Danilo A. Aurelio V. Vida Ma. Corazon P. Aurelio, G.R. No. 175367, June 6, 2011 5. Effects of pendency of action for declaration of nullity - Art. 49, 213 6. Effects of res judicata Mallion vs Alcantara, 506 SCRA 336 7. Effects of final judgment declaring nullity (a) In general, FC 50-54 but see FC 147-148

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(b) On remarriage, FC 40 Wiegel v. Sempio-Diy, 143 SCRA 499 (1986) Domingo v. CA 226 SCRA 572 Cario vs. Cario 351 SCRA 127 Bobis vs. Bobis, G.R. No. 138509, July 31, 2000 Mercado vs.Tan, G.R. No 137110, August 1, 2000 Ty vs CA, 346 SCRA 327 Morigo vs Morigo, 422 SCRA 376 Atty. Marietta D. Zamoranos Vs. People Of The Philippines And Samson R. Pacasum, Sr., G.R. No. 193902, June 1, 2011 (c) On rights & obligations between the former spouses (d) On the property regime of the marriage FC 50, FC 43(2) cf. FC 102(4) Compare with FC 147-148 Valdes v. QC-RTC G.R. No. 122749, July 31, 1996 Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358. March 31, 2005 (e) On legitimes of the common children FC 50-53, FC 51 in rel to NCC 886, 888; FC 176 NCC 908, 1061 Sec. 21, A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358. March 31, 2005 Dio vs. Dio, G.R. No. 178044, January 19, 2011 (f) On the status and custody of children FC Art. 54, Art. 176

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(g) On use of surnames Yasin vs The Honorable Judge Shari'a District Court, G.R. No.94986 February 23, 1995 BAR MATTER NO. 1625 - Petition to Use Maiden Name in Petition to Take the 2006 Bar JOSEPHINE P. UY-TIMOSA Remo v DFA, March 2010 (h) On hereditary rights (i) Effect of death Castro v Castro, G.R. No. 140484, January 28, 2007

Examinations,

H. Voidable Marriages 1 Tolentino 270 - 310 1. Void v. voidable marriages, FC 4 cf. 45 Weigel vs. Sempio-Dy 143 SCRA 499 2. Grounds for annulment (a) Absence of parental consent, FC 4(1), 47(1), R.A. 6809 cf. FC 14 (b) Insanity, FC 45(2), 47(2), NCC Art. 1149 Lim v. CA, 214 SCRA 237 (c) Fraud 21

FC 45(3), 46, 47(3) Hernandez vs. Court of Appeals, 320 SCRA 76, December 08, 1999 NCC 1338-1344 Buccat v. Buccat 72 Phil 49 Aquino v. Delizo 108 Phil 21 Anaya v. Palaroan 36 SCRA 97 Almelor vs. RTC of Las Pias, G.R. No. 179620, August 26, 2008 (d) Force, intimidation and undue influence FC 45(4), 47(4) NCC 1335-1337 RPC 344, last paragraph (e) Physical incapacity/impotence FC 45(5), 47(5) Jimenez v. Caizares 109 Phil 273 Alcazar vs Alcazar, GR 174451, October 13, 2009 (f) Affliction with STD, FC (45(6), compare with FC 46(3), 47(5) 3. Who can seek annulment, FC 47 Sec. 3, AM No. 02-11-10-SC, March 4, 2003 4. When to seek annulment FC 47 22

5. Procedure in actions for annulment, see VII(E)(13)(b)-(d) A.M. No. 02-11-10-SC. March 4, 2003 6. Effects of pendency of action for annulment A.M No. 02-11-12-SC. March 4, 2003 7. Effects of annulment, FC 49-54, 213, 43, 102, 129 (a) In general (b) On remarriage Art. 40, FC (c) On rights & obligations between the former spouses (d) On the property regime of the marriage FC 50, FC 43(2) cf. FC 102(4), 129 Compare with FC 147-148 Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358. March 31, 2005 (e) On presumptive legitimes/hereditary rights FC 50-53, FC 51 in rel to NCC 886, 888; FC 176 NCC 908, 1061 Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358. March 31, 2005 (f) On the status and custody of children (g) On use of surnames Yasin vs The Honorable Judge Shari'a District Court, G.R. No.94986 February 23, 1995 BAR MATTER NO. 1625 - Petition to Use Maiden Name in Petition to Take the 2006 Bar JOSEPHINE P. UY-TIMOSA

Examinations,

23

Remo v DFA, March 2010

I. Marriage when one spouse is absent FC 41-44, compare with NCC 83, 85(2) and 87(2) cf. RPC 349 SSS vs. Jarque vda. De Bailon, G.R. No. 165545, March , 2006 Valdez v Republic, G.R. No. 180863, September 8, 2009

J. Marriages dissolved by a foreign judgment NCC 15, 17 FC 26 Benedicto v Dela Rama, December 8, 1903 Arca vs Javier, July 31, 1954 Tenchavez v. Escao, 15 SCRA 355 Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139 Somera v. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663 Quita vs CA, 300 SCRA 406 Llorente vs CA, 345 SCRA 592 Garcia vs. Recio, 366 SCRA 437 Diego vs Castillo, 436 SCRA 67 RP vs. Orbecido, G.R.No. 154380, Oct. 5, 2005 San Luis vs. San Luis, G.R. 133743, Feb. 2, 2007 Amor-Catalan vs. Ca, G.R. No. 167109, February 6, 2007 Corpus v Sto Tomas, G.R. No. 186571, August 11, 2010

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K. Marriages giving rise to criminal liability FC 4, FC 16, NCC 84, RPC 351-352. R.A. 6955, An Act to Declare Unlawful the Practice of Matching Filipino Women for Marriage to Foreign Nationals R.A. 9208, Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003

VI.

THE LAW ON SEPARATION OF THE SPOUSES A. Concepts of separation & divorce Benedicto v. De la Rama 3 Phil 34 1. Separation in fact, FC 238-248, 101(3) Villanueva v Chiong, GR 159889, June 5, 2008 2. Agreements to separate FC 1, NCC 221 (1) Albano v. Gapusan 71 SCRA 26 In re: Atty. Rufillo Bucana 72 SCRA 14 3. Absolute divorce (a) Divorce under the Family Code FC 26 paragraph 2 Tenchavez v. Escao, 15 SCRA 355 Van Dorn v. Romillo, 139 SCRA 139 Somera v. Pilapil, 174 SCRA 663 25

Dacasin v Dacasin, Feb. 5, 2010

(b) Divorce under the Muslim Code, MC 45-55 Atty. Marietta D. Zamoranos Vs. People Of The Philippines And Samson R. Pacasum, Sr., G.R. No. 193902, June 1, 2011

B. Concept of legal separation, compare with NCC 97 1. Grounds for legal separation Art. 55 FC, RA 9262 A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC. March 4, 2003 (a) Sexual infidelity or perversion FC 55(8) NCC 36 RPC 333 & 334 RPC 247 Goitia v. Campos-Rueda 35 Phil 252 People v. Zapata 88 Phil 688 Gandionco v. Pearanda 155 SCRA 725 Ong vs Ong, 505 SCRA 76

(b) Drug addiction, habitual alcoholism, lesbianism or homosexuality FCC 55 (5) and (6) compare with FC 46(4) (c) Attempt on the life of the other spouse FC 55(9), compare with NCC 97(2) 26

(d) Abandonment FC Art. 55 (10) FC 101 par. 3, compare with separation in fact (e) Other grounds FC 55 (1) Goitia vs Campos-Rueda, 35 Phils 252 2. Who can ask for legal separation FC 55, compare with NCC 99 3. When may petition be filed FC 57, compare with NCC 102, NCC 99 Lapuz v. Eufemio 43 SCRA 177 Matubis v. Praxedes 109 Phil 789 4. Court procedure in legal separation FC 58-60; Sec 19, RA 9262 A.M. No. 02-11-11-SC. March 4, 2003 Araneta vs Concepcion, 99 Phil 709 Ocampo v Florenciano, 107 Phil 35 Lapuz vs Eufemio, 43 SCRA 177 Samosa vs Vamenta, Jr., 46 SCRA 110 Pacete v. Cariaga 231 SCRA 321 5. Effect of pendency of the petition (a) cooling-off period, FC 58 (b) right of consortium, FC 61 par. 1 (c) administration of property, FC 61 par. 2 27

De la Via v. Villareal 41 Phil 13 Sabalones v. CA 230 SCRA 79 (d) Support and custody pendente lite FC 62 cf. FC 49, FC 198 Yangco v. Rhode, 1 Phil 404 De la Via v. Villareal, supra Araneta v. Concepcion 99 Phil 709 Ramos v. Vamenta 46 SCRA 110 Lerma v. CA 61 SCRA 440 Pacete v. Cariaga supra 6. Defenses in actions for legal separation FC Article 56 (a) Consent FC 56(2); NCC 100 Matubis v. Praxedes, supra People v. Sansano 50 Phil 73 People v. Schneckenberger 73 Phil 413 (b) Condonation FC 56(1) Ginez v. Bugayong 100 Phil 616 (c) Recrimination FC 56(4) Brown v. Yambao 102 Phil 168 Ong vs Ong, 505 SCRA 76, G.R. No. 153206, October 23, 2006

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(d) Collusion/Mutual Consent FC 60 FC 56(3), (5), compare with NCC 101 and 221(3) Brown v. Yambao, supra Ocampo v. Florenciano 107 Phil 35 7. Effects of decree of legal separation (a) On personal relations, FC 63 (b) On the custody of children FC 63(3); FC 213 NCC 106(3) P.D. 603 (CYWC) Art. 17 par. 3 Matute v. Macadaeg, 99 Phil 340, May 30, 1956 (c) On property relations FC 63(2), FC 64, FC Art. 102 (4), 129 (7) (d) On support, FC 198 (e) On the use of surname NCC 372 Laperal v. Republic 116 Phil 672 (f) On hereditary rights, FC 63(4) (g) Solo Parents Act RA 8972 8. Reconciliation, FC 65-67 9. Effect of death of one of the parties Lapuz vs. Eufemio 43 SCRA 314 Macadangdang vs. CA 108 SCRA 314 29

VII. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF SPOUSES 1 Tolentino 338 - 355 cf. NCC 113-114 A. Obligation to love each other, FC 68 B. Obligation to live with the other spouse 1. General rule and exceptions FC 68 71; FC 72 Art. 100; 127; 101 NCC 921 (4) RPC 11 (2) RPC 247 Goitia v. Campos-Rueda, supra Arroyo v. Vasques-Arroyo 42 Phil 54 Ilusorio vs. Bildner, G.R. No. 139789. May 12, 2000. 2. Designation of domicile (a) General rule: jointly FC 69 par. 1, compare with NCC 110 Abella v. COMELEC, 201 SCRA 335 De la Via v. Villareal, supra at pp. 16-21 (b) Exception, FC 69 par. 2 C. Joint management of family life FC 70, 94 (last par.), 122, 146

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D. Joint Obligation to Support FC 70,194, 94 (1), 122 (1), 146 SSS v De los Santos, G.R. No. 164790, August 29, 2008 E. The right to exercise a profession or calling FC 73, compare with NCC 117 FC Art. 94 (2), (3); FC Art. 121 (2), (3) Art. II Sec. 14 and Art. XIII Sec. 14, 1987 Constitution cf. NCC 113 compare with ROC Rule 3 Sec. 4 cf. R.A. 7192, An Act Promoting the Integration of Women as Full & Equal Partners of Men in Development and Nation Building cf. R.A. 8187, An Act Granting Paternity Leave... RA 9710, Magna Carta of Women F. Related rights/obligations Yasin v. Shariah Court 241 SCRA (1995) G. Enforcement of Rights of Women and Children Republic Act No. 9262 Anti-Violence Against Women and Children Sharica Mari Go Tan vs Spouses Tan, GR No. 168852, Sept. 30, 2008 Rustan Ang v CA, G.R. No. 182835, April 20, 2010 Dolina vs Vallecera, GR No. 182367, December 15, 2010

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IX.

PROPERTY RELATIONS OF THE SPOUSES A. Requisites for validity of marriage settlements FC Art. 75; 130 (3); 103 (3) 1. Prior to marriage: modifications FC 1; FC 76 (modifications after marriage) FC 66, 67, 128, 135, 136 2. Form & registration requirement, FC 77, NCC 1357, 1358, NCC 709 3. Celebration of the marriage, FC 81 cf. Art. 86 (1) B. Parties to a marriage settlement 1. Who may enter into settlements (a) minors, FC 78 (b) persons under civil interdiction, NCC Art. 38, 39, FC 79, RPC 34, FC 135 (1) (c) incapacitated persons, FC 79, in rel. to NCC 38-39 2. Participation of parents/guardians Art. 78 C. Which law governs property relations 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Stipulation in marriage settlements, FC 80 If both Filipinos Mixed marriage between Filipino and alien If both aliens For property located outside RP FC 80 (2) and (3) in rel. To NCC 16 FC 80 (3) in rel. To NCC 17

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D.

Donations propter nuptias 1. Definition, FC 82 Solis vs Solis, 53 Phil 912 [1928] 2. Form of Donations, FC Art. 83, NCC Arts. 748-749 3. Who may be donors FC Art 83 4. What may be donated by a spouse as donor (a) (b) (c) (d) present property, FC 84 future property, FC 84; NCC 761 encumbered property, FC 85 donations in the marriage settlements, FC 81

5. Void donations by the spouses, FC 87 (a) Donations during the marriage (b) Donations in common law marriages Matabuena v. Cervantes 38 SCRA 284 Bienvenido v. Court of Appeals, 237 SCRA 676 Sumbad vs CA, 308 CRA 575 Arcaba vs. Tabancura vs. de Batocael, G.R. No. 146683. Nov. 22, 2001 SSS v Davac, G.R. No. L-21642. July 30, 1966 6. Revocation of donations propter nuptias (a) revocation by donor, FC 86; NCC 765; FC Art. 50; 43 (3) Mateo vs Lagua, 29 SCRA 864 (b) by operation of law, FC 48; 44; 61

33

E. Absolute community of property (ACP) 1. When applicable, FC 75, 103 (3); 130 (3); 92 (3) 2. Commencement, FC 88 3. Waiver during marriage, FC 89 4. Waiver after marriage, FC 89 par. 2 cf NCC Art. 168 5. Suppletory rules: Co-ownership, FC 90; of NCC 484-501 6. What constitutes ACP, FC 91 Memorize! (a) (b) (c) (d) All property at time of marriage Property acquired subsequently Winnings from gambling, FC as of NCC 164 Presumption of ACP, FC 93 of NCC 160

7. What is excluded from ACP, FC 92; FC 95 8. Charges upon ACP, FC 94 Luzon Surety Co., Inc. vs De Garcia, 30 SCRA 111 Gelano vs CA, 103 SCRA 90 G-Tractors, Inc., vs CA, 135 SCRA 192 (a) Family expenses cf. FC 100 (3), FC 121(5) and FC 94 (4), (5) Francisco v Gonzales, G.R. No. 177667, September 17, 2008 (b) Debts of spouses, Art. 94 (2) and (3) 34

(c) Subsidiary liabilities, Art. 94 (9) Buado vs. CA, G.R. No. 145222, April 24, 2009 (d) Sole obligations of a spouse, Art. 94 (e) Gambling losses, FC 95 (f) Other charges, Art. 94 9. Ownership, FC 90, FC 96 in rel. to NCC 206 10. Administration and enjoyment of ACP (a) Joint administration, FC 96; FC 90 Yu Bun Guan vs Ong, 36 SCRA 559 (b) Sole administration (1) (2) (3) (5) incapacity, FC 96 (2) no court order separation in fact FC 100 (3) with court abandonment, FC 101 with court order pendency of legal separation proceeding, FC 61 with court order

(c) Disposition and encumbrance, FC 96-98 Matthews vs. Taylor, GR 164584, June 22, 2009 11. Effect of separation de facto, FC 100; 101; cf. FC 239 summary proceedings for court authority to dispose 12. Effect of abandonment, FC 101, FC 72 damages, rescission/nullity of a contract

35

13. Causes for dissolution of ACP, FC 99 (a) Death, FC 103 cf. Rule 73 Sec. 12 ROC (b) Legal separation, FC 63(2); FC 66 (c) Annulment and declaration of nullity, FC 50 in rel. to FC 43 (2) (d) Judicial separation of property, FC 134-138 14. Effects of dissolution (a) Liquidation procedure, FC 102 (b) For cause other than death, FC 43 (2); FC 63(2) (c) Termination due to death, FC 104 Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358. March 31, 2005 15. For marriages before FC, FC 104 cf Art. 103 (3) 16. Support during ACP liquidation

F. Conjugal partnership of gains Belcodero v. CA 227 SCRA 303 Jocson v. CA 170 SCRA 333 Ansaldo v. Sheriff, 64 Phil 115 Sps. Estonina v. CA, G.R. No. 111547, Jan. 27, 1997 1. When CPG commences and applies (a) Marriages under FC, FC 107 cf. FC 88, FC 89 (b) Marriages before FC, FC 105(2) of FC 256 ( c) When applicable, FC 105 of FC 74-76

36

(d) Suppletory rules, FC 108 cf. NCC 1767-1768 PNB v Quintos, 46 Phil. 370 2. What is included in the CPG, FC Art. 106 3. What is excluded from CPG (a) Brought as exclusive property, FC 109(1) Laperal v. Katigbak, 10 SCRA 493 (b) Acquired by gratuitous title during marriage, FC 109 (2) of FC 113, FC 115 Veloso v. Martinez, 28 Phil 255 Berciles v. GSIS,128 SCRA 53, cf. FC 115 (c) Acquired by redemption/exchange, FC 109(3) Plata v. Yatco, 12 SCRA 718 Lim v. Garcia, 7 Phil 320 (d) Purchased with exclusive money, FC 109(4); of FC 118-119 (e) Properties of parents Laurena vs CA, GR 159220, September 22, 2008 3. Administration of exclusive property (a) By the spouse-owner, FC 110 (b) By the other spouse, FC 110 2nd par; FC 142, 75, 227 Veloso v. Martinez, supra Manotok Realty v. CA, 149 SCRA 372 Ong vs CA, 204 SCRA 297 37

4. Encumbrance/disposition of exclusive property FC 111-112, of FC 236, amended by RA 6809 Palanca v. Smith-Bell, 9 Phil 131 Wong et al. v. IAC 200 SCRA 792 5. What constitutes CPG (a) Definition, FC 106 (b) Presumption of CPG, FC 116 Torela v. Torela, 93 SCRA 391 Magallon v. Montejo, 146 SCRA 282 Cuenca v. Cuenca, 168 SCRA 335 Titan v David, G.R. No. 169548, March 15, 2010 Imani vs. Metrobank, G.R. No. 187023, November 17, 2010. ( c) What are included in CPG, FC 117, 115, 118, 119, 120 Memorize! Cheesman vs IAC, 193 SCRA 93 Villanueva vs CA, 427 SCRA 439 Zulueta v. Pan-Am 49 SCRA 1 Mendoza v. Reyes 124 SCRA 154 (d) If property bought by installments, FC Art. 118 Tarrosa vs. De Leon, GR 185063, July 23, 2009 (e) Credits due, FC 119 (f) Improvements on CPG property, FC 120

38

Caltex vs Felias, 108 Phil 873 Vda de Padilla vs Paterno, 3 SCRA 678 Embrado v. CA, 233 SCRA 335 Ravina vs Villa-Abrille, supra Munoz, Jr. v Ramirez, GR 156125, August 25, 2010 6. Charges upon and obligations of CPG, FC 121, 122 Mariano vs CA, 174 SCRA 59 Ayala vs CA, 286 SCRA 272 Ching vs CA, 423 SCRA 356 Homeowners Savings and Loan vs. Dailo, G.R. No. 153802, Mar.11, 2005 Spouses Ching vs Family Savings Bank, GR No. 167835, November 15, 2010 (a) With consent Javier v. Osmea, 34 Phil 336 G-Tractors v. CA, 135 SCRA 192 Mariano v. CA 174 SCRA 59 Ong v. CA 204 SCRA 297 Ayala Investment vs. CA (February 12, 1998) Security Bank vs. Mar Tiera Corp., G.R. No. 143382, Nov. 29, 2006 (b) Without consent Luzon Surety v. De Garcia, 30 SCRA 118 BA Finance v. CA, 161 SCRA 608 Costuna vs. Domondon, 180 SCRA 333 Carlos vs. Abelardo, 380 SCRA 361 Ramones vs. Agbayani, 137808, Sept. 30, 2005 Villanueva vs Chiong, GR 59889, June 5, 2008 Ravina v Villa-Abrille, GR No. 160708, Oct. 16, 2009 Fuentes v Roca, GR No. 178902, April 21, 2010

39

(c) personal debts, FC 122 People v. Lagrimas, 29 SCRA 153 Buado vs Buado, supra (d) winnings from gambling, FC 123 7. Ownership, administration and enjoyment (a) Joint administration, FC 124 cf. FC 96, 142 Guiang vs CA, 291 SCRA 372 Heirs vs Mijares, 410 SCRA 97 Roxas v. CA 198 SCRA 541 [1991] Docena vs. Lapesura, 355 SCRA 658 Homeowners Savings Loan Bank vs. Dailo, G.R. No. 153802, Mar. 11, 2005 Alinas vs Alinas, GR No. 158040, April 14, 2008 Aggabao vs. Parulan, G.R. No. 165803, Sept. 1, 2010 (b) Sole administration (1) Incapacity, FC 124, 253 Uy vs. CA, 346 SCRA 246 (2) Separation in fact, FC 100 (3), 127(3) (3) Abandonment, FC 101, 128 (4) Pendency of legal separation proceedings, FC 61 Sabalones v. CA 230 SCRA 79 Ravina vs Villa-Abrille, supra

40

(c) Disposition and encumbrance, FC 124-125; FC 97, 121 (8), NCC 1145 (1) Costuna vs. Domondon, 180 SCRA 333 Felipe v. Heirs of Aldon, 120 SCRA 628 (see NCC 1390) Cheeseman v. IAC 193 SCRA 93 Frenzel vs. Catito, G.R. No. 143958, July 11, 2003 Ayuste vs.CA, G. Rno. 118784, Sept. 2, 1999 Villaranda vs. Spouses Villaranda, G.R. No. 153447, Feb. 23, 2004 Ainza vs.CA, G.R. No. 165420. June 30, 2005 (see NCC 1145) Alinas vs. Alinas, G.R. No. 158040, April 14, 2008 Siochi v Gozon, G.R. No. 169900, March 18, 2010 Ravina v Abrille, GR 160708, Oct. 16, 2009 Fuentes v Roca, GR 178902, April 21, 2010

8. Effect of separation de facto, FC 127, FC 100 cf. FC 239 9. Effect of abandonment, FC 128 cf. FC 101 Partosa-Jo v. CA 216 SCRA 693 10. Dissolution of CPG, FC 126 (a) Death, FC 126 (1), 130 (b) Legal separation, FC 63 (2), FC 66 (c) Annulment and declaration of nullity, FC 50 in rel. To FC 43 (2) (d) Judicial separation of property, FC 134-138 9. Effects of dissolution, FC 129 Metropolitan Bank vs Pascual, GR No. 163744, Feb. 29, 2008 Tarrosa vs De Leon, GR 185063, July 23, 2009 41

Sales v Sales, G.R. No. 174803, July 13, 2009 Cabreza v Cabreza, GR 171260, September 11, 2009 (a) Liquidation procedure, FC 129 (b) Cause other than death, FC 129; FC 43(2), FC 63(2) (c) Termination due to death; FC 130, cf. FC 104 Buenaventura v CA, G.R. No. 127358. March 31, 2005 10. For marriages before FC, FC 131 11. Applicability of Rules of Court, FC 132 12. Support during CPG liquidation, FC 133 Santero v. CFI, 153 SCRA 728 Buenaventura v CA, GR 127358, March 31, 2005

G. Regime of separation of property 1. When applicable (a) In the marriage settlements, FC 143-146 (b) When mandatory, FC 103 & FC 130 (c) Reconciliation in legal separation, FC 66(2) (d) Judicial separation of property 2. Property covered, FC 144 3. Administration (a) By the owner-spouse, FC 145 (b) By the other spouse, FC 142 (c) FC 100 (3); 101 4. Family expenses, FC 146

42

5. Conveyances between the spouses, FC 87, NCC 1490 H. Judicial separation of property 1. When possible, FC 134 Maquilan vs Maquilan, June 8, 2007 2. For sufficient cause, FC 135 cf. FC 55 (10); 229(4), 231, 232 3. Voluntary separation of property, FC 136, FC 74-75, FC 134 4. Effects of judicial separation of property (a) (b) (c) (d) liquidation of CPG or ACP, FC 137 par. 1 support pendente lite, FC 137 par. 2 regime after JSP, FC 138 of FC 66 (2) binding effect on third parties, FC 139-140; of FC 66(2)

5. Revival of property regime after JSP, FC 141 cf. FC 67 6. Transfer of administration of exclusive property, FC 142 cf NCC 196; FC 96; FC 124 I. Property regime of unions without marriage Review: FC 6, 35 (2), 35 (3), 35 (5), 36, 38, 53; FC 41, 44; FC 45 (Void and voidable marriages) 1. Unions under FC 147, 6, 35, 36, 53, cf. NCC 144 Valdes v. QC RTC, supra Carino vs. Carino, supra Gonzales vs Gonzales, 478 SCRA 327 Buenaventura v CA, GR 127358, March 31, 2005 Dio v Dio, GR 178004, January 19, 2011 43

2. Unions under FC 148 of FC 50 in rel. to FC 49(2) and FC 50 Juaniza v. Jose, 89 SCRA 306 Belcodero v. CA 227 SCRA 303 Agapay vs Agapay, 276 SCRA 340 Tumlos vs. Sps. Fernandez, G.R. No. 137650, Apr 12, 2000 Malilin vs Castillo, 333 SCRA 628 Villanueva vs CA, 427 SCRA 439 Atienza vs.de Castro,G.R. No. 1695698, Nov. 29, 2006 Signey v SSS, GR No. 173582, Jan. 28, 2008 Borromeo vs Descallar, GR No. 159310, Feb. 24, 2009 Heirs of Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009

IX.

FAMILY RELATIONS A. What governs family relations, FC 149 Alavado v. City of Tacloban, 139 SCRA 230 B. Effects of family relationship on legal disputes FC 150 - 151 NCC 2035 ROC Rule 16 Sec. 1(j) RPC 20, 247 and 332 Gayon v. Gayon, 36 SCRA 104 Wainwright v. Versoza, 26 SCRA 78 Magbaleta vs Gonong, 76 SCRA 511 De Guzman vs Genato, 89 SCRA 674 OLaco vs Co Cho Chit, 220 SCRA 656 Tribiana vs.Tribiana, G.R. No. 137359, Sept. 13, 2004 Hiyas Savings and Loan Bank, Inc. vs. Acua, G.R. NO. 154132, August 31, 2006 Intestate Estate of Gonzales v People, G.R. No. 181409, February 11, 2010 44

C. The family home 1. What constitutes the family home, FC 152 2. Who may constitute the family home, FC 152, FC 161 3. When deemed constituted, FC 153 4. When terminated, FC 153 compare with FC 159 5. Beneficiaries, FC 154, 194-196, 199 Patricio vs. Dario, G.R. No. 170829, November 20, 2006 6. Exemptions, FC 155, FC 157, FC 160

7. When may be sold, FC 158 Modequillo v. Breva, 185 SCRA 766 Siari Valley v. Lucasan, 109 Phil 294 Cabang vs Basay, GR No. 180587, March 20, 2009 8. Rights of creditors, FC 160-162 Cabreza vs Cabreza, GR 171260, September 11, 2009 Metrobank v Viray, G.R. No. 162218, February 25, 2010 Ramos v Pangilinan, GR 185920, July 20, 2010 Equitable v OJ Mark, G.R. No. 165950, August 11, 2010 X. PATERNITY AND FILIATION A. Concept of paternity, filiation and legitimacy, FC 163 Republic v Mangotara, GR No. 170375, July 7, 2010 B. Legitimate children, FC 164 cf. FC 165 in rel to NCC 256-257, 166, 168, 169 45

Tan v. Trocio, 191 SCRA 764 Angeles vs Maglaya, 469 SCRA 363 SSS vs. Aguas, G.R. 165546, Feb. 27, 2006 Rivera vs Heirs of Villanueva, GR No. 141501, July 21, 2006 1. Who are considered legitimate children (a) Conceived during marriage cf. ROC Rule 131 Sec. 3(dd) FC Art. 168 1. valid marriage 2. terminated marriage under FC 42 in rel. to FC 43(1) 3. void marriages under FC 53, 36 4. voidable marriages, FC 45 (b) (c) (d) (e) Born during marriage Conceived by artificial insemination cf. NCC 40 Adopted children Legitimated children

2. Rights of legitimate children, FC 173-174 NCC 364, 374, 376 NCC 888, NCC 979 Moore v. Republic, 8 SCRA 282 Naldoza v. Republic, 112 SCRA 658 Ong vs CA, 272 SCRA 725 Rep. vs CA, 300 SCRA 138 C. Illegitimate children 1. Who are considered illegitimate

46

(a) under NCC (b) under FC 165 Joanie Surposa Uy v Jose Ngo Chua, G.R. No. 183965, September 18, 2009 2. Rights of illegitimate children, FC 173, 172, 175-176 Osmea de Valencia v. Rodriguez, 84 Phil 222 Uyguangco vs CA, 178 SCRA 684 Mangulabnan v. IAC,185 SCRA 760 Eceta vs. Eceta, 428 SCRA 782, May 20, 2004 Briones vs. Miguel, 440 SCRA 455, October 18, 2004 Montefalcon v Vasquez, GR No. 165016, June 17, 2008 Heirs of Maramag vs De Guzman, GR 181132, June 5, 2009 De la Cruz vs Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009 Joanie Surposa Uy v Jose Ngo Chua, G.R. No. 183965, September 18, 2009 DOJ Opinion No. 11 Series of 1990 DOJ Opinion No. 4, Series of 1998 D. Action to impugn legitimacy Reyes vs. Mauricio, G.R. No. 175080, November 24, 2010 Republic v Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011

1. Grounds, FC 166 Memorize! (a) Physical impossibility of access Andal v. Macaraig, 89 Phil 165 Macadangdang v. CA, 100 SCRA 73 47

Ong vs. Court of Appeals, 272 SCRA 725 Concepcion vs. CA, G.R. No. 123450, Aug. 31, 2005 (b) Biological or other scientific grounds A.M. No. 06-11-5-SC (RULE ON DNA Evidence) effective October 15, 2007 FC 170, 171 Herrera vs. Alba, G.R. No. 148220, June 15, 2005 Agustin, June 15, 2005 Estate of Rogelio Ong v. Minor Joanne Diaz, G.R. No. 171713, Dec. 17, 2007 Jesse U. Lucas V Jesus S. Lucas, G.R. No. 190710, June 6, 2011 (c.) FC 166(3) 2. Effect of a mothers declaration, FC 167 Chua Keng Giap v. IAC, 158 SCRA 18 3. In subsequent marriages, FC 168, 169 People v Quitoriano, January 20, 1997 4. Presumptions, FC 170, 171 Cobatbat-Lim vs IAC, 166 SCRA 451 5. Prescription of action to impugn legitimacy Gaspay v. CA, 238 SCRA 163

48

49

6. Who may impugn Benitez-Badua v. CA, 229 SCRA 468 Lim v. IAC, 166 SCRA 451 Liyao, Jr. vs. Tanhoti-Liyao, 378 SCRA 563 Republic v Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011

E. Proof of Filiation 1. Of legitimate children, FC 172-173 Diaz vs. Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 621, June 22, 1984 Tison vs. Court of Appeals, 276 SCRA 582, July 31, 1997 Trinidad vs. Court of Appeals, 289 SCRA 188, April 20, 1998 Labagala vs. Santiago, 371 SCRA 360 De Jesus vs. Estate of Juan Gamboa Dizon, 366 SCRA 499 Ong vs. Diaz, December 17, 2007 Lee v CA, GR No. 177861, July 13, 2010

2. Of illegitimate children, FC 175 Reyes v CA, 135 SCRA 439 Castro v. CA, 173 SCRA 656 Baluyut v. Baluyut, 186 SCRA 506 Mendoza v. CA, 201 SCRA 675 Jison vs. CA, 286 SCRA 495 Heirs of Gabatan vs CA, GR 150206, March 13, 2009 Jenie San Juan Dela Cruz , et al vs. Ronald Paul S. Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009

50

2. Rights of illegitimate children, FC 176 David v CA, Noc. 16, 1995 Tonog v CA, Feb. 17, 2002 Republic vs. Capote, February 2, 2007

3. Compulsory recognition, cf. RPC 345, RPC 46, 59 People v Abella, G.R. No. 177295, January 6, 2010

F. Legitimated Children 1. who may be legitimated, FC 177, RA 9858

Section 1. Article 177 of Executive Order No. 209, otherwise known as the "Family Code of the Philippines", as amended, is hereby further amended to read as follows: "Art. 177. Children conceived and born outside of wedlock of parents who, at the time of conception of the former, were not disqualified by any impediment to marry each other, or were so disqualified only because either or both of them were below eighteen (18) years of age, may be legitimated."

Abadilla vs Tabiliran, 249 SCRA 447 2. How legitimation takes place, FC 178, FC 180 3. Retroactivity and effects, FC 180-181 DOJ Opinion No. 106 Series of 1991 4. Action to impugn legitimation, FC 182

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5. Rights of legitimated children, FC 179 XI. ADOPTION Lazatin v. Campos, 92 SCRA 250 Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575 R.A. 8552 (Domestic Adoption Law) A.M. No. 02-6-02-S.C. (Aug. 22, 2002) A. Requisites to be an adopter 1. Age and capacity required Sec. 7 2. Husband and wife jointly Sec. 7 In re petition for adoption of Michelle Lim, GR 168992, May 21, 2009 3. Need for consent Sec. 9 Santos v. Aransanzo, 16 SCRA 344 Daoang v. Municipal Judge, 159 SCRA 369 Landingin vs. RP, G.R. No. 164948, June 27, 2006 4. Aliens as adopters Sec. 7 (b) Republic v. Toledano, 233 SCRA 9 R.A. 8043, The Law on Inter-Country Adoption A.M. No. 02-6-02-S.C. (Aug. 22, 2002) B. Who may not adopt, Sec. 7 C. Who may be adopted, Sec. 8 D. Who may not be adopted

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E. Effect of death, Sec. 13 E. Procedure in adoption Republic Act No. 9253, March 12, 2009 - AN ACT REQUIRING CERTIFICATION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND DEVELOPMENT (DSWD) TO DECLARE A "CHILD LEGALLY AVAILABLE FOR ADOPTION" AS A PREREQUISITE FOR ADOPTION PROCEEDINGS

F. Effects of a decree of adoption 1. On status 2. On parental authority, Tamargo v. CA, 209 SCRA 518 Cervantes v. Fajardo, 169 SCRA 575 3. On hereditary rights, Sec. 18 4. On name In the Matter of Adoption of Stephanie Garcia, 454 SCRA 541 G. Rescission of adoption, Sec. 19 Lahom vs. Sibulo, G.R. No. 143989, July 14, 2003 1. by the adopted 2. by the adopter/s 3. effects of rescission, Sec. 20

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XII. SUPPORT A. What comprises support, FC 194 B. Who are obliged to provide support, FC 195, 196 Pelayo v. Lauron, 12 Phil 453 Sanchez v. Zulueta, 68 Phil 110 De Asis vs. CA, G.R. No. 127578, Feb. 15, 1999 Joanie Surposa Uy v Jose Ngo Chua, G.R. No. 183965, September 18, 2009 C. Source of support, FC 197-198, cf. FC 49, 70, 94, 121, 122 Lerma v. CA, 61 SCRA 440 Reyes vs Ines-Luciano, 88 SCRA 803 D. Order of support, FC 199, 200, 204 Mangonon vs. CA, G.R. No. 125041, June 30, 2006 Spouses Lim v Lim, G.R. No. 163209, October 30, 2009 E. Manner and time of payment, FC 200-204 F. Amount of support, FC 200-208 Lacson vs. Lacson, G.R.No. 150644, August 28, 2006 G. Renunciation and Termination, NCC 2035; FC 194 H. Support pendente lite, FC 198; Rules of Court, Rule 61 I. Procedure in applications for support, Rule 61

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XIII. PARENTAL AUTHORITY & CUSTODY OF CHILDREN A. Concept of parental authority, FC 209, 211 Medina vs. Makabali, 27 SCRA 502, March 28, 1969 Unson vs. Navarro, 101 SCRA 183, November 17, 1980 Bagtas v Hon. Ruth Santos, G.R. No. 166682, November 27, 2009

B. Transfer of PA, FC 210 cf. FC 223-224, FC 234 Eslao vs CA, 266 SCRA 317 C. Who exercises PA, FC 211-213 cf. FC 49, 102(6) and 63(2), FC Art. 176. 49, 102 (6), 129 (9) Unson v. Navarro 101 SCRA 183 Espiritu & Layug v. CA, G.R. No. 115640 (1995) Santos Sr. v. C.A., G.R. No. 113054 (1995) David vs. Court of Appeals, 250 SCRA 82, November 16, 1995 Tonog vs. CA, 376 SCRA 642 Briones vs. Miguel, G.R. No. 156343, October 18, 2004 Gualberto vs. Gualberto, G.R. No. 154994. June 28, 2005 Salientes vs Salientes, 500 SCRA 128 Spouses Lim v Lim, G.R. No. 163209, October 30, 2009 D. Substitute PA, FC 214-216, FC 233 Vancil vs Belmes, 358 SCRA 707

E. Filial privilege, FC 215 ROC Rule 130 Sec. 25 cf. Secs. 22 & 23 Lee v CA, GR 177861, July 13, 2010 55

F. Effects of PA over the childs person, FC 220-222 FC 223-224 Medina v. Makabali, 27 SCRA 502 Luna v. IAC, 137 SCRA 7 Cuadra v. Monfort, 35 SCRA 160 R.A. 7610, The Child Abuse Law G. Effects of PA over the childs property, FC 225-227 Hebron vs. Loyola, G.R. No. 168960, July 5, 2010 RA 9231, Secs. 12-B and 12-C
SEC. 12-B. Ownership, Usage and administration the Working Child's Income. The wages, salaries, earnings and other income of the working child shall belong to him/her in ownership and shall be set aside primarily for his/her support, education or skills acquisition and secondarily to the collective needs of the family: Provided, That not more than twenty percent (20%) of the child's income may be used for the collective needs of the family. "The income of the working child and/or the property acquired through the work of the child shall be administered by both parents. In the absence or incapacity of either of the parents, the other parent shall administer the same. In case both parents are absent or incapacitated, the order preference on parental authority as provided for under the Family Code shall apply. "Sec. 12-C. Trust fund to Preserve Part of the Working Child's Income. The parent or legal guardian of a working child below eighteen (18) years of age shall set up a trust fund for at least thirty percent (30%) of the earnings of the child whose wages and salaries from work and other income amount to at least two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00) annually, for which he/she shall render a semi-annual accounting of the fund to the Department of Labor and Employment, in compliance with the provisions of this Act. The child shall have full control over the trust fund upon reaching the age of majority.

Lindain v. CA, 212 SCRA 725 Badillo vs. Ferrer, 152 SCRA 407 56

H. Suspension or termination of PA 1. permanent termination, FC 228, 232, cf. RA 6809 2. non-permanent termination, FC 229 cf. FC 193 RA 8552 re parental authority and revocation of adoption 3. suspension of PA, FC 231-230 Chua v. Cabangbang, 27 SCRA 791 4. Revival See: R.A. 8369, An Act Establishing Family Courts, Granting Them Exclusive Original Jurisdiction Over Child and Family Cases. See: R.A. 7610, Child Abuse Act XIV. EMANCIPATION RA 6809 A. Cause of emancipation, FC 234 as amended B. Effect of emancipation, FC 236 as amended cf. FC 15, NCC 218

XV. SURNAMES NCC 364-380 RA 6085 regulating the use of aliases, August 4, 1969

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Republic v Tanada, GR L-31563, Nov. 29, 1971 Ursua v CA, GR 112170, April 10, 1996 RA 9255, FC 176 Naldoza v. Republic, supra Ng Yao Sing v. Republic 16 SCRA 483 Llaneta v. Agrava, 57 SCRA 29 Telmo v. Republic, 73 SCRA 29 Tolentino v. CA, 162 SCRA 66 Legamia v. IAC, 131 SCRA 479 Yasin v. Hon. Judge Sharia Court G.R. No. 94986 (1995) In the Matter of the Adoption of Stephanie Nathy Astorga Garcia, G.R. No. 148311, March 31, 2005. In Re Change of Name, Julainan Carulasan Wang, G.R. No. 159966.March 30, 2005 Remo v DFA, March 5, 2010 XVI. RULES GOVERNING PERSONS WHO ARE ABSENT NCC 381-383, 384-389, FC 96, 101, 124, NCC 390-396, FC 41 Reyes v. Alejandro, 141 SCRA 65 Eastern Shipping v. Lucero, 124 SCRA 425 Manuel vs. People, G.R. No. 165842, Nov. 29, 2005

XVII. FUNERALS NCC 305-310, FC 195 Eugenio v. Velez, 185 SCRA 425

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XVIII.

ENTRIES IN THE CIVIL REGISTER NCC 407-413 ROC, Rule 108 RA 9048 Barretto vs Local Civil registrar, 74 SCRA 257 Republic v. Marcos, 182 SCRA 223 Labayo-Rowe v. Republic, 168 SCRA 294 Zapanta v. Registrar, 237 SCRA 25v Leonor v. Court of Appeals, 256 SCRA 69 Silverio vs. RP, G.R. No. 174689, October 22, 2007 Republic vs. Capote, G.R. No. 157043, February 2, 2007 Republic vs. Jennifer Cagandahan, , G.R. No. 166676, Sept. 12, 2008 Jenie San Juan Dela Cruz V Ronald Paul S. Gracia, G.R. No. 177728, July 31, 2009 Ma. Cristina Torres Braza v The City Civil Registrar, G.R. No. 181174, December 4, 2009 Baldos vs. CA, G.R. No. 170645, July 9, 2010 Lee v CA, GR 177861, July13, 2010 Republic vs Mercadera, GR No. 186027, December 8, 2010 Republic v Magpayo, GR 189476, Feb. 2, 2011

59