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3~7
1-8

1980

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004

19
20 006

The New Deal

008
19501960
19701980
1990
010
Positivism
the engineering model
the enlightenment model
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018
020

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distributive policies
regulatory policies
redistributive policies
self-regulatory policies
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034

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072

074

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082
J. W. Kingdon
C. Jones
084
outside initiative model
mobilization model
inside initiative model
multiple streams model
086

088
090
Literature review
Survey research
Brainstorming
Policy Delphi
092

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Adversary Delphi
Hierarchy analysis
Synectics
094
Fish Bone Chart
Assumptional analysis

098
Elite Theory
Group Theory
Citizen Participation
100

102
104

106
108
110
problematic preference
unclear technology
uid participation
112

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134

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policy claim
warrant
backing
rebuttal
qualier
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164

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pseudo-evaluation
formal evaluation
decision-theoretic evaluation
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appropriateness
effectiveness
efciency
adequacy
equity
responsiveness
232

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BOT 250
BOT
BOT
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254

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electronic governance
268
transaction cost theory
principalagent theory
270

272

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Public Policy

1951
Harold D. Lasswell
Daniel Lerner
The Policy
Science: Recent Developments in Scope
and Method

( )

( )

David Easton

002

Thomas Dye

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( )

1800
Hammurabian
Code

symbol specialists

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19

19

19
20

( ) 19

004

19

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1950

20

( )
Pragmatism19
Auguste Comte
positivism

( )

John Dewey

( )

C. MerriamR.
S. LyndR. K. Merton

( )
The New Deal

1933-1945

( )

H. Hoover

20

1950

006

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( )
19501960

Lasswell
Lerner1951

( )
19701980

1960

1963-1969
Great Society
The War on Poverty

008

( ) 1990

1960

think tank

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1990

1960

The Brookings Institution

Robert S. Brookings1916
70
The American Enterprise Institute
Lewis H. Brown1943

The RAND Corporation

1948

Heritage Foundation
Joseph Coors1974

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19501960

010

instrumental utilization
conceptual utilization

twocommunities theory

( ) Positivism

( ) the engineering
model

( ) the
enlightenment model

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( )

012

HogwoodGunn

analysis
of policy

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( )
H. D.

Lasswell

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( )

( )

( )

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J. E. Anderson

C. O. Jones

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G. Starling

016

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policy game

C. E. Lindblom
incremental decision-making
approachM. Cohen
garbage can decisionmaking approach

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policy stakeholders
target population

( )

Stakeholder

( )

t a rg e t g r o u p
t a rg e t
market

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