Pneumonia Pathophysiology

Host 92 years of age Diagnosed with Community Acquired Pneumonia (highrisk) 2 yrs ago 5 mos PTA diagnosed with Chronic Bronchitis Chronic tobacco smoker with 4 pack years Agent Bacteria Environment

Bacteria penetrate airway mucosa and multiply in alveolar spaces

Inflammation in the interstitial spaces

Labs of June 22, 10 WBC 14.4 K/uL

Migration of WBCs to

localized area of the infection

}Congestion
CXR July 14, 2009 Examination reveals there is homogeneous density in the right lung base,

Infection to other parts of lungs

Capillary leak transudation

RBC and fibrin migrate to alveoli

} Red Hepatization

Pleural cavity Empyema

Fluid accumulation in and around alveoli Excess fluid in lungs

} Gray Hepatization
Decrease in WBC percentage Rales noted upon auscultation Wheezing on both lung fields noted

Bacteria at blood stream S/S Fever or Low Temperature Rapid Breathing Inc PR Sepsis Respiratory Compensation
Hyperventilation

Alveolar walls thicken Impaired Gas exchange hypoxemia Hypoxia Lung abscess Tissue necrosis Perforation of bronchial wall

} Resolution Phase

Absence of fluid within lung cavity

S/S
Irritability Tachycardia Tachypnea Change in LOC

Dec CO2 Alkalosis