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Advanced Water Treatment Technologies Chennai Initiatives Workshop conducted by MoUD, New Delhi
11.03.2011
The Operation & Maintenance of the Plant is done by Private Contractor except the major repairs and replacement which are being carried out by the Board
Date of commencement
Contract Value
- 16.12.2007
- Rs 7,37,55,068/- for 3 years.
Raw water pumping, Treatment Plant, Treated water pumping, 228 km pipeline and WDS Capacity - 180 MLD Work completed & commissioned - 2004 Project Cost - Rs. 720 Cr.
After the completion of the construction and commissioning the same contractor are entrusted with O&M including all major repairs and replacements for 5 years
Period of contract
- 5 Years
Date of commencement
Contract Value
- 08.09.2010
- Rs 23.11 Crore for 5 years.
TREATMENT PROCESS
Total Cost Rs.134.9 Crore (French Assistance = Rs.33.5 Crore + CMWSSB Rs.107.0 Crore
Vacuum blower
High level
Low level
clarification area
baffle plates
FILTRATION MODE
BACKWASH MODE
B/W OUTLET
B/W WATER
Metro water has taken a considered decision to focus on Fishermen's Colonies and economically disadvantaged section to supply them with good quality water for drinking and cooking purposes. Since most of them are located close to the sea and in the tail end of the city water supply distribution system, they suffer from lack of potable water, resulting in major health related problems.
A conscious decision was taken to locate a battery of Reverse Osmosis Plants to help these groups by supplying the potable water by treating locally available brackish ground water through Reverse Osmosis Process. There are three Reverse Osmosis Plants located one at Velachery (4.5 lakhs litres capacity) and the others at Nochikuppam (1.5 lakh litres capacity) and Kasimedu (1.5 lakh litres capacity). During the year 2001 drought, two new Reverse Osmosis Plants were installed one at Ayothiakuppam (1.00 lakh litre capacity) and another at Kasimedukuppam (Royapuram) serving a population of about 5000 at each location.
The Reverse Osmosis Plants consists of open wells and Bore wells to draw the required brackish water for treatment through the Reverse Osmosis Plant. The raw water drawn from the wells is stored in the storage tanks and pumped to the Dual Media filters consisting of quartz sand and anthracite wherein suspended particles is removed.
The filtered water from the Dual Media filter is pumped to a micron filter to remove the micron size particles and then fed into the Reverse Osmosis Process Unit by means of high pressure pumps.
The Reverse Osmosis process module consists of a thin film composite of polyamide membrane. When brackish water is pumped with high pressure through this membrane, the dissolved solids are removed and the output water is of potable quality with dissolved solids content below 500 ppm. The rejects from the Reverse Osmosis modules with high salt content is put into the nearby sewer system for disposal since the quality is within the permissible limit to dispose through the domestic sewer.
VIEW OF R.O.PLANT
Need for Alternate Non-Rain dependent Sources (Sea water Desalination Project)
Even after implementation of the various water supply augmentation projects and water conservation measures, there is still a shortfall in meeting the water demand of Chennai City and adjoining areas.
Further all the existing sources are depend on monsoon and subject to change in weather patterns and not 100% reliable and assured supply.
Hence, it is necessary to examine the possibility of identifying another reliable and assured source of water supply to bridge the gap between demand and availability.
Govt.of Tamil Nadu has therefore decided to implement two Desalination Plants of 100 MLD capacity each
This will ensure lifeline water supply to the residents of Chennai during drought years
Number of Membranes
Type of Membrane
Pre-treatment
Coagulation & Flocculation; Clarifier; 2-stage media Filtration Pressure Filtration & Cartridge Filtration Energy Recovery System using the principle of positive displacement and isobaric chambers As per IS 10500 : 1991
The raw sea water is drawn by gravity from an intake tower erected at 635 m away from the shoreline.
High Density Poly Ethlene (HDPE) pipeline of 1600 mm dia is laid on the seabed for the drawal of 237 MLD raw seawater. Bar screens and dual flow travelling band screens installed in the seawater sump protect the pumps . Seawater from the sump is pumped to Pre-treatment Units
1. 2. 3.
Sulphuric Acid is added to decrease pH of sea water in order to maxmize the coagulation Ferric Chroride is added to enhance coagulation of seawater required in the plant. Sodium Hypo chlorite solution is added to disinfect seawater.
The seawater from seawater pump house is pumped to the first pretreatment system namely, flocculation chamber. Here the suspended, dissolved and colloidal are removed by means of adding chemicals thereby increasing the efficiency of decantation. Volume to be treated 237 MLD Average volume per hour 9,921 cum/hr.
The flocculated water is uniformly distributed in the Gravity Settlers. The Gravity Settlers have been designed with 4 lamellar decanters with pulsating mire beds with a capacity to treat 237 MLD. The GRP lamella plates are installed with 60 degrees of inclination, each vase contains 52 lamella plates
The filtered water from the Dual Media Filters is pumped from the intermediate sump cum pump house for the next stage of pressure filtration to obtain clear seawater. Discharge 945 cm/hr
The water pumped from the intermediate sump cum pump house is passed through pressure filters to improve the clarity of the seawater No.of Pressure Filters - 16
Cartridge Filters
This is the last stage of pre-treatment by which the ultra fine particles, present in the filtered seawater are removed. There are 10 No.of Cartridge Filters.
Reverse Osmosis is diffusive mechanism wherein the feed water is highly pressurized using High Pressure pumps before passing through a sequence of membranes placed in a Pressure Vessel, to obtain permeate water or desalinated water.
The desalinate water flowing out of the Reverse Osmosis process unit is rematerialized and pH correction is carried out by adding chemicals such as lime, Carbon-di-oxide and Sodium hypo chlorite solution
After the post treatment the product water is collected in a 20 Million litres capacity Underground Tank. Under ground Tank water is supplied by the company to the CMWSS Board for transmission and distribution to Chennai City
533.38
500.29
24 Months
13.46
24 Months
Conveyance System
121.47
1.02
20 Months
REASONS OF ADOPTING ULTRA FILTRATION FOR TSS REMOVAL IN NEMMELI DESALINATION PLANT
Occupies less land area (From 40 Acres at Kattupalli and 19 Acres at Nemmeli Enhances R.O.Membrane life from 3 to 5 years at Kattupalli and 5 to 7 years at Nemmeli Ultra filtration is used for most of the plants commissioned for the last 5 Years
BOD5 = 350 mg/l TSS = 400 mg/l Feacal coliform = 4.6 x 106 MPN/100 ML
Parshall flume
A
Primary clarifier
Inlet chamber
Raw Sludge Balancing tank Chlorine contact tank Treated Sewage Discharge in Coovam river
BOD5 = <20 mg/l TSS = <30 mg/l Faecal coliform = <10000 MPN/100 ML
Secondary clarifier
LEGEND
Primary Treatment
Biological treatment chlorination
B
Excess Return Sludge
2. SLUDGE TREATMENT
C
Supernatant
Centrate
DIGESTER
CENTRIFUGE
Bio-Gas
GAS HOLDER SCRUBBER UNIT
Gas Burner
Installed with old lime process by M/s. Hindustan Dorr Oliver in 1991-92 and debottlenecking with UF system was done by Ms. Doshi Ion Exchange Limited in 2004-05. Consists four RO banks with each 110Cu.M/Hr feed (3 banks operation and one standby)
UltraFiltration
Chemical dosing SBS,HCl,Antiscalant UF Product tank Cartridge filter
Multimedia filter
Reverse Osmosis
Permeate
Degasser
Reject
Rejects to RORR
DM Plant
Installed with state of the art technology of Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) by M/s. VA Tech WABAG in the year 2006-07. Consists four RO banks with each 110Cu.M/Hr feed (all four continuous operation) & Reverse Osmosis Reject Recovery (RORR) two banks each with 40 Cu.M/Hr feed
FeCl3 & Anionic Poly dosing Sequencing Batch Reactor Flash Mixer High Rate Clarifier
Pressure sand & Multi grade filter
Degasser
Reverse Osmosis
Cartridge filter
Reject
UltraFiltration
Permeate
DM Plant
Cartridge Filtration ( Removal of chemical and other dusts of size upto 10 microns) Reverse Osmosis (Removal of dissolved particles of size 0.0001microns) Storage / Export to Refinery
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT
Aerator : Continuous growth of MLSS (Living micro organism) and diffusion of oxygen. The micro organism consumes organic and inorganic load in feed water. (Results in BOD & COD reduction and also ammonia reduction through nitrification). Clarifier: The sludge ( MLSS ) is settled. Ammonia removed through denitrification. (Note : Sequential batch reactor combines both the operation in a single unit in SRP-2)
CHEMICAL TREATMENT
Hydro Treater High rate clarifier : coagulation of suspended particles and phosphates by addtion of ferric chloride and flocculation by addition of anionic poly electrolyte Chlorination Break point chloriantion: Disinfection of bacteria and removal of residual ammonia by conversion to chloroamines
FILTRATION Pressure Sand / Multimedia Multi grade filters : Removal of particle size upto 0.45 microns and iron thereby reducing Suspended Solids (SS) & Trubidity (NTU). Pressure sand filters loaded with grades of pebbles , coarse and fine sand Multimedia filters have additional layer of Anthracite for polishing CARTRIDGE FILTRATION Removal of chemical dust due to addition of Hydrochloric acid, Sodium Bi sulphite and Antiscalants and dust from feed tanks (up to particle size 10 microns) The cartridge filter is of spiral wound and thread type and the thread made of Poly propylene or polyethylene material.
ULTRA FILTRATION
Removal of colloidal particles up to 0.01 nm size thereby reducing the Silt Density Index (SDI) of RO feed water.