Consumer Attitudes Towards LPG

SYNOPSIS
Chapter Title 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT REPORT PRODUCT PROFILE A PORTRAIT OF THE FIRM CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR SURVEY ANALYSIS SUGGESTIONS CONCLUSION
ANNEXURE Questionnaire Bibliography
Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.
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CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT REPORT
INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES SCOPE OF THE STUDY METHODOLOGY LIMITATIONS
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INTRODUCTIION TO PROJECT REPORT Consumer attitudes is defined as all psychological, social and physical behaviour of potential customer as they become aware of evaluate, purchase, consume, and tell other about products and services. element of this definition is important.
1. A consumer attitude involves both individual (psychological) process
Each
and group (social) process.

2. A consumer attitude is reflected from awareness right through post
purchase evaluation indicating satisfaction or non-satisfaction indicating satisfaction or non-satisfaction from purchases. 3. Consumer attitudes include communication, purchasing and consumption behaviour. 4. Consumer attitudes are basically social in nature. Hence, social environment plays an important role in shaping consumer attitude, and 5. Consumer attitude includes both consumer and business consumer attitude. From time immemorial people were using fore wood, as the fuel for coking as it was abundantly and freely available in the forest. But with the increase of population forest were completely destroyed for want of firewood resting in the environment influence. Then Kerosene came as the sane with the availability of crude oil. But the availability of this was also scarce. Next came the era of electricity.
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It is used as a fuel wherever it is available in India most of the villages are not electrified and hence electricity remained as a fuel only in the urban areas. The next alternative source of fuel was liquefied petroleum gas which can be easily transported to every nook and corner of cities and villages with the advent of industrialization in India, people are becoming more and more sophisticated and there standard of living is also rising considerably people prefer to save as much time as possible for other activities. A housewife used to spend most of her time in the kitchen. But today the attitude of modern women is under going a through change. Most of the women today are employed and time saving is their main objective. Liquefied petroleum gas was come as a boon to the women particular. Thus with the passage of time people came to understand liquefied petroleum gas a fuel for cooking and how it has became a big industry itself. Till recently government was controlling the production transportation and sales of liquified petroleum gas through distributorship. In order to popularize the usage of liquefied petroleum gas the government has given a general subsidy to the people living in hilly terrain. As the demand for liquified petroleum gas is growing day-by-day the government decided to import liquified petroleum gas because of this factor the government is not able to bear the subsidy of liquified petroleum gas as it turns to crores of rupees with this in view the government has privatized the process of liquified petroleum gas and the distributorship many private companies have entered this field now.
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A survey has been conducted to find out why consumer prefers liquified petroleum gas to other fuel. In this regard a case study of Shimoga gas service, distributor for Hindustan Petroleum Corporation at Shimoga carried out. In this study various aspect like advantage of liquified petroleum gas, comparison of fuel, role of distributors etc, is taken into consideration. This project report has been prepared with the help of information received from proprietor of Shalok Gas Agency and answer received from respondents. Objectives: The main objective of this project report is as follows.
a) To analyze the sales performance of liquified petroleum gas.
(BHARATH) cylinders by Shalok Gas Agency.

b) To analyze the competitive efficiency of Shalok Gas Agency, in
relation to other dealers in Shimoga. c) To study the present market situation of liquified petroleum gas.
d) To find out this factor that influences the buying decision of the
customers e) To assess the market share of liquified petroleum gas as against other fuels. f) To help the dealers, to adopt this strategies on the basis of findings of consumer survey.
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The scope of this Project Report is restricted to the study of consumer attitude towards liquefied petroleum gas cylinder in Shimoga especially of those sold in Shalok Gas Agency. This report includes efforts of the Hindustan petroleum and gas, and Shalok Gas Agency to push up the sales and the services to its customers. Since the LPG cylinders are mainly used by the people belonging to medium and high income group, customers survey covers the people of these classes only. The project repot includes the response of some very old customers. The esteemed consumers and also the prospective consumers. The scope of the project report is restricted to the city limited of Shimoga only, and the consumers in the city are the only respondents to the questionnaires. Methodology Adopted: This Project Repot has been prepared by utilizing both types of data i.e. primary data and secondary data. Primary data is the first hand data. It is the data collected is the first time solely for a particular purpose. It is conducted by directly and personally meeting the proprietor of the firm.
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Secondary data is the second hand data. The main sources of the secondary data are the published and unpublished sources. The popularity and preference of the product by the consumers is known by conducting a survey on the random sampling basis. It is conducted by adopting the questionnaire method i.e. distributing the questionnaire to the respondents and collecting the answers of questionnaires from them Secondary information has also been collected from the firm records, liquified petroleum gas manual, magazines Encyclopedia etc. Limitations: Much of the information has been provided without much hesitation but the latest date i.e. current years figure of sales purchase etc., as the year 2011-12 has still to come to an end is not mentioned in this report. Only the figure till 31 March 2012 has been disclosed in this report. Several information were not disclosed by the firm as they felt it confidential hence detail of some, more critical points could not b e disclosed about the firm taken for case study at the company manufacturing the LP Gas. When the consumer are contracted and requested for their opinion through personal interview and questionnaire about the study cent percent answer were not obtained because some respondents should negligence.
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However, the best possible effort has been made to get this correct and prescribe information towards the study and present the same in this report in the but possible way. The response of housewives is collected with special weight age. As they are the major users of the product. The respondents were not able to maintain their suggestion clearly in the questionnaire so their personal interview contributed much in this respect.
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CHAPTER-2 PRODUCT PROFILE

Introduction to LPG What is LPG?
Crude petroleum and natural gas Comparisons with other fuels

Important characteristic of LPG Status quo of LPG in India
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Introduction of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (L.P.G) Liquefied Petroleum gas:
Liquefied Petroleum gas is short term is called L.P.G. worldwide it is generally accepted as they but cooking fuel for the modern Kitchen. It is produced in gaseous form. But liquified and stored in the cylinders. Liquified petroleum gas obtained by refining of crude oil and fractionating natural gas and are mixtures of hydrocarbons which are gaseous at normal ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure but can be Liquified at normal but can be Liquified at normal ambient temperature by application of moderate pressure. What is L.P.G ? L.P.G is a mixture of gases primarily propane and Butane produced from natural gas. Fractionation of crude oil or recycling plaints. it is easily condensed to liquid form. L.P.G. vaporizes easily, and is similar to natural gas in combustion efficiency and controllability. It is transported in pressure tank or pipelines as a liquid and is subsequently converted to a fuel gas. L.P.G is used as a Beating fuel, as a raw material in chemical industry and as engine oil. L.P.G is stored and transported in liquid from under moderate pressure either in steel cylinders for home use or in railroad trucks and tank case tanker trucks, Bargain or pipelines, L.P.G changes from when the pressure is realized and then can be used like natural gas. The product is stored in pressurized containers above ground and more recreantly in underground storage covers.
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About 60% of annual production goes for residential and commercial purpose, which another 50% is used as raw materials in chemical industry, the important domestic uses are housewives who receive the products in steel cylinders and use in for cooking, heating waters, and other domestic uses on the countries like U.S.A. the farmers use the L.P.G in burning weeds drying crops, curing tobacco and also processing their tractors and trucks L.P.G. also finds its we in synthetic robber manufacturing in internal combustion engines of taxis, trucks, and buses (on western countries) in oil refineries and in electrical utilities when it has began to support and other fossil fuels which cause objectionable amounts of pollution. Crude Petroleum and Natural Gas Petroleum is generally found in certain types of sedimentary rocks clays, marls, limestones, and in oil sands. Oil accumulations often occur in strata of marine origin and it is considered that the oil is derived from the action of anaerobic bacteria on the remains of the plait and or animals. Oil pools frequently occur where the irregularities in the rock strata give six to folds and domes, and the oil is usually accompanies by gaseous hydrocarbons often under consider able pressure. Oil occurs at various depths, from shallow pools at about 500 feet to wells over 10,000 feet deep. Crude petroleum is dark brown or Black viscous fluid with specific gravity varying from about 0.8 to over 1.0. It is compared mainly of a complex mixture of many hydrocarbons, with some sulfur compounds and a small proportion of metallic and
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nitrogenous derivatives very little petroleum is used in the crude state and it required refining to yield marketable products like. 1. Petrol 2. Kerosene 3. Gas oils, Diesel oils etc 4. Residential fuel oils Sources: The main oil-producing areas of the world are in North America, Venezuela, the Persian gulf area (Persia, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq) and Russia. While India is a significant produced of oil and gas, the rising demand for petroleum product in the country underscores the need to intensify the efforts to augment both the hydrocarbon reserves as well as production of hydrocarbons to meet the present and future requirements of hydrocarbons The is imperative in view of the growing import bill for petroleum products. While commendable work has been done by the National Oil companies, oil and Natural gas commission and oil India Limited, to meet the countrys required hydrocarbons, the urgent need to raise both the level of reserves as well as production has been significant
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Shifts in governments strategy to meet this objective it has been recognized that private investment has an important role to play in supplementing the activities of the National oil Company in the area of petroleum exploration and development General description of a Liquefied Petroleum gas installation:The main components of Liquefied petroleum gas installation are described bellows. Cylinder: The Cylinder is manufactured according to rigid ISI specifications No IS 3196 approved by the chief controller of Explosives, Government of India. All detail of the cylinder are stamped on the factoring in cap type cylinder and an vertical separate in case of cylinder with ring shroud. The manufacture of cylinders is supervised at all stages and each cylinder is hydraulically tested to 360 prig and certified by ISI and CCE. There after, every cylinder is visually once every 5 years. Cylinders are Examined before fitting for any defects overtime they are returned to filling plant and cylinders which have defects or dents are taken out for repairs or scrapped. Cylinder Value The Self-closing value which has been standardized for Liquefied petroleum gas cylinder has been approved by the C.C. I and conforms to I..S.I and specifications. All materials used are as per specification and the body is a hot brass stamping data of manufacture. The values are tested for gas tightness at 250 prig and are of 3 types as follows.
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a. F type value The design of the value is as per is 3224 and is such that no leak can occur past the spindle, whether the cylinder is in use or not. A synthetic rubber diaphragm or O-ring of approved quality is used to obtain the gas scale about one full turn opening of the value is adequate for full gas flow. b. Self closing type value: The design of self-closing type value conform to IS 8737 is such that it remain closed unless a pressure regulator or other suitable device is used for opening it. In case of accidental removal of pressure regulator as any other device it shuts off automatically, thus preventing any likely accident due to large-scale leakage of gas c. Compact Value: The value is a spring loaded self-closing type which can only the opened from the outside example with the Koran pressure regulator during consumption of gas does not flow out of the value is passed down on its seating after fixing Kosan pressure regulator to the compact valve and only when the knob on the top of the pressure regulator is switched to the ON position, gas will flow through the value from the cylinder. At the top of the body if the valve a rubber rings pocking is fitted to insure a gas tight against the regulator.
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Pressure regulator: The pressure regulator is an important and highly sensitive piece of equipment and satisfactory working of he appliance will depend on its correct performance of its main function are: 1. To Reduce the Pressure of gas to 12 water column and maintain this pressure with in 11 to 13 W.C. irrespective of the pressure inside the cylinder.
2. To maintain a constant outlet pressure under varying rates of gas flow
within its capacity. The pressure regulator used in domestic installation is manufactured to rigid specifications No. (TS: 9798) and each are is inspected at every stage of manufacture. As it is a sensitive piece of equipment great care should be taken in handling it so that no change accused to the internal parts at any time. Flexible tubing: The pressure regulator outlet is connected to the gas inlet on the appliance by a length of flexible rubber tubing flexible rubber tubing of a special quality approved for use on the liquefied petroleum gas is manufactured to very strict BS 3212 specification and is tested during and after manufacture. The approved quality tubing is not affected by liquefied petroleum gas. Its inner bore, wall thickness and hardness are carefully controlled so that a close and tight fit is provided when the tubing is pushed as a standard inlet nozzle of the appliance & the outlet nozzle of the pressure
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regulator this should be regularly checked by distributor, staff at customer premises and replaced preferably once in 2 years. Appliances: Appliances designed and manufactured for use on liquefied petroleum Gas should be approved by Indian standard institution/Oil Company Approved appliance are made in accordance with requirements laid down by IST Certification marketing. This ensures that such, appliances are sale in apparition and have a high standard of efficiency and work ship. The IST Certification mark will hence forth be the guiding criterion for a customer to purchase a liquefied petroleum gas appliance which is safe of use with Liquefied petroleum gas of any marketing company. COMPARISON WITH OTHER FUELS
Criteria Availability at have Lighting the appliance maintenance of heat Product of combustion Efficiency of utilization of fuel Cleanliness of esc Extinguishing Appliances LPG Free Home, Delivery Easy and Instantaneous No attention required Stone-toxic No soot Minimum 58% average 60% No blackening of pan bottoms and kitchen ceiling Instantaneous Charcoal coke and Firewood Must be transported by the Customers Tim Consuming Laborious and dirty Fire must be tended carefully Soot, smoky and toxic 15% Pan both Me and Kitchen blackened by soot Fire cannot be readily Kerosene Conveniently available Electricity Convincingly available
Tim Consuming Searching is instantaneous but delay in heating Staves are to be No attention pumped required` May b e sooty Not applicable when lighting up 55%-60% 65% Pan bottom & Kitchens some times blackened by soot Instantaneous Clean`
Instantaneous but head wasted Page | 16
extinguished
as appliances cools of
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From the above comparative study we can consider that, as far the sources are concerned Kerosene and Charcoal coke & fire wood lie between very behind than the LPG and electric sources. But the choice between the LPG and electricity run appliances. LPG scene to have the upper hand, as the later depends on factors like Power supply in the have and the large number of species electric stoves available in the market. IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS OF LPG The important characteristic of LPG market is as follows. 1. Specific gravity. Specific gravity is defined as the ratio of dignity of a substance relative to the of water at stipulated conditions of temperate & pressure. It is often quoted relative the density of water at 4 c=1) In the table below the temperature bail is the same for both LPG liquid and Qatar (15c) and in this instance, the specific gravity is numerically same as Relative density. Propane Liquid 15/15 deg c Vapour air =1 0.5077 1.550 n-butane 0.5844 2.077 ISO-Butane 0.5631 2.068 Commercial Butane 0.575 2.0
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LPG in gaseous state in nearly twice heavies than air. Any leakage of LPG therefore tends to settle down at floor level particularly in depressions pits drain etc. ground level ventilation is, therefore must important to disperse leaking gas. 2. Specific volume: Specific volume is reciprocal of liquid density. Liquid density m3/ton/15 deg c Liquid Vapour Propane n-Butane ISO-Butane Commercial Butane 1.73 178.0
1.970 63.0
1.710 208.0
1.75 142.9
3. Vapour Pressure: All LPG gases confined in a vessel above their boiling the liquid form vapour in the space above the liquid level. When the liquid is present, the vapour is referred to as the atmospheric pressure at the boiling print and increases gradually towards the critical conditions. Vapour pressure is characteristic of a liquid and its vapour and it depends no relation to the quantity of liquid present. If the temperature of liquid BHARATH insides the contains when full and when nearly empty will be practically the same. 4. Boiling Point:
Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga. Page | 19
LPG gases have low boiling points they exist in the gaseous state at normal atmosphere temperature unless they are contained under pressure or refrigerated. Propane Boiling paint latm c -42.045 n-Butane -050 ISO-Butane -11,72 Commercial Butane -7
The boiling point of LPG presently marketed is very nearly OC. At this temperature the pressure inside a continues swill be almost the same as the atmospheric pressure. 5. Flammability limit: Fuel gases will burn only when mixed with are in certain proportions. The minimum and maximum concentrations of a fuel gas in gas/air mixtures between which the mixture can be ignited are termed as lower limit and upper limit of inflammability. There limit. Are narrower in LPG then other fuel gases. Making LPG safes in use. 6. Toxicity: LPG contains no toxic components such as carbon monoxide and is therefore non-poisonous of leakage of a large amount of LPG occurs in a closed space difficulty in breathing and asphyxiation due t lack of oxygen can be caused but it is importable that this would happen importable that this would happen in practice. LPG is slightly anaesthetic when high concentrations are breathed in sufficient quantities over a period of time, the result would be a upset stomach and head ache which in themselves, are excellent warning symptoms.
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7. Odour: LPG is distinctively odorized to give warning in case of leakage its smell is detectable in air at constructions down to 1/5 of the lower explosive limit. Status QUO of LPG in India: The consumption of LPG has been souring in recent decade with almost every household in the middle income & even in the lower middle income groups are keen on owning gas stoves and having secular supplies of LPG in cylinders. The customers population of LPG in cylinders. The customer population of LPG has risen to 54 million by April, 2011 from 57 million a year ago and 21.87 million on April 2011. The union ministry of petroleum and natural gas has been endeavoring to step up the are of new connections dispute a sessions short fall in availability and the need to import large qualities. Thus fresh connections in 2009-10 totaled 12 millions of which two millions were single connections and the balance double connections against three millions in 2008-09 and 9.48 millions in 2007-08. The actual lags supplies in recent years has increase in a more pronounced manner as nearly 50% of the new entrants have double bottle connections. This does not mean of course that there will be a bigger rise in consumption as refills are made available only after a stipulated period. A second cylinder in reserve will help consumers to meet unexpected needs and unavoidable delays in supplies by dealers. The output of LPG from indigenous sources has been rising; at a fairly fast rate because of the arrangements by the gas Authority of India & others
to produce LPG by fractionating natural gas. The oil refineries also have been raising their LPG out put by upgrading the quality of light distillates. The total output was as shown below. Total Output Years 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Output (million tonnes) 8.78 9.91 10.71 13.84 14.04
The indigenous production can be raised steadily only if the increase in gas production of 77 mcm for daily use from 63 mcm can be utilized partly for turning out L.P.G.. It will be also possible to increase the contribution of refineries as their throughout will be increasing in a pronounced manner in the current plan period. It is anticipated that the output of petroleum products may be raising to 113 million tonnes in the terminal year of month plan by 92.93 percent. There will be a concurrent growth in LPG output to 3.16 million tonnes or by 102.02 percent. The consumption on the other hand will be humping to over six million tonnes in 2010-11 from 8.10 million tonnes in 2009-10.
GRAPH SHOWING THE OUT PUT IN MILLION TONNES
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CHAPTER-3
A PORTRAIT OF THE FIRM

History of the firm Administration Organization
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HISTORY OF THE FIRM Shalok Gas Agency was stared on the 20th May 1986 Manjunatha. The Capital investment was Arranged by Manjunatha himself. The Hindustan petroleum corporation Limited under the general category. Above 1000 consumers through in Shalok Gas Agency. This Agency was the First such gas Agency in Shimoga. It is on Savalanga road, Shimoga The Shalok Gas Agency has a godown in a site 80 x 100 length. It also uses a open space nearby the office to collect the cylinders during the day time. The Agency receives its cylinders from BHARATH L.P.G Bottling land of the Shalok Gas Agency has a efficient transport system for the supply of cylinders from Dharwad. An emergency cell has been opened by Shalok Gas Agency in Coordination with some like minded agencies of Shimoga. The office of the emergence cell is situated in the office premises of the Shalok Gas Agency, Davanagere This agency works for 24 hours round the clock this cell has opened with objectives of emergency service like leakage preventing fire in case fire crops in some circumstances. Shalok Gas Agency has Explosive license No MYS 966/BHARATH
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The agency has employed 15 personnel. The organization structure is as follows.
Proprietor
Manager
Accountant
Computer Operator
Receptionist
Cylinder Boys
The agency pays total salary of Rs 3,32,000 a year. The agency has gone up in great punch considering the fact that when the agency was started only one personnel was employed. The Agency now gives door to door delivery of gas cylinder to the consumers through the 5 cylinder Boys employed by the agency. Each of the cylinder boys are provided a bicycle. The agency has provided the facility to the consumers where they can book their cylinders through telephone in case they cannot do personally. The agency in the last financial year has conducted safety clinics and fuel conservation lectures. It invited speaker from Bharath for this purpose. The first of such lectures. Was held at a PESIT College of Shimoga in the
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month of December for the school students.
The second was held at
National College of Law on 11-2.2011 and the third was held the next day that is 12-2-2011 at Sahyadri College. Both the colleges are one of reputed colleges of the city of Shimoga Shalok Gas Agency But as on today the agency got 25,681 domestic consumers and 63 non-domestic consumers the agency has been flooded with the application for new gas cylinders connections, the agency is trying its best to accommodate as many as possible. This can be said that the offers are mostly on the basis of the reputation and good will earned by the agency. Through booking cylinders. The consumers can call up to the firm, they are just needed to control their consumers number. The consumers are provided with consumers cards. The consumers card contains the address of the consumer, their allotment number and the name of the consumer. Another card called the service card is also issued by the agency. This is meant for checking the safety measures in the consumers house. The rubber tubes for a very long period of time caves the gas to leak. The place where the gas stove is to be kept and where the extra cylinder in case of double cylinder connection is stored. These are main criteria during the service check. This check is conducted periodically. Year Connection 2006-07 3121 2007-08 7198 2008-09 9611 2010-11 9743 2011-12 14098 The number of Connections has increased steadily in the gas agency. This being the eleventh year since its inception. We can see the increase
from the first year that is by nearly 14,098 Connections. The graph shows the periodical increase taking 2 years period. Year 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 Connection 18 39 47 61 79
Similarly the firm has been doing good business for the years past for the last financial year the firm has incurred a lost. But considering the stature of the firm it may not be big loose for it. The proprietor of the firm has expressed to do well and in the present financial year signs improvement is being clearly shown as in the present situation. PROBLEMS: One of the major problems distributor has to face is the demand and supply of refills. If the supply of refills is not regular the back log is bound to mount resulting in the distributor to bear the burnt of irrate customers. Any times some customers create scenes before the office by shouting. They write complaints to the Bharath also. In such situation the distribution should have very good patience and conduct the business.
Many times the customers contact the Distributor over the phone after the office hours and request to attend the leakage immediately. At such times
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the distributor will be under he obligation to attend such problems personally. Due to the lack of knowledge of the safety hazards of Liquefied petroleum gas the customer will use the stoves which have the blocked burner heads resulting in the back fire of the as. This calls for he regular inspection of the stoves, cylinders, rubber tub e etc. Whenever the deliveryman supplies the refill cylinders to them. Lost of the customers do not attend the safety clinics conducted at regular intervals by the Bharath officials and the Distributor. Many customers service the stoves themselves without the proper knowledge of servicing procedure of stoves which results in the leakage valves. This is very dangerous as it can lead to the fire hazard. Solutions: As regards the demand and supply of refills the distributor has to inform Bharath regarding its monthly requirement well in advance to supply the loads. In turn to meet the demand of the distributor the Bharath has to co-ordinate with the supply point to ensure the regular supply. if the supply of the refills is regular most of the problems of the distributor are reduced. hence a good co-ordination is required blow the Distributor, the divisional office and the supply point. In major cities like Bangalore, Mangalore, Mysore etc, the Oil consumers are evening an Emergency service cell with the help of the situated distributors. In these cities any complaint after the office hours are attended by these Emergency cells. Whereas in other areas. Where this type
of cells are not existing it becomes a very tiring job for the distributor to attend complaints after office hours. Therefore it is advisable to set up such cell sin all cities. It is very essential for the consumer to know the hazardous nature of Liquefied petroleum gas and to take the necessary processions to present a disastrous fire. With this is view the oil companies are regularly conducting safety clinics at various places to educate the customers regarding the safety of Liquefied petroleum gas. It is essential for the housewives to attend such clinics. ADMINISTRATION: ORGANIZATION: Types of Liquefied Petroleum gas Marketed: The type of Liquefied petroleum gas marked in India is a mixture of Butane propane gases confirming to ISI specifications. SOURCE OF SUPPLY: Liquefied petroleum gas is manufactured by corporations at their Refineries, MRL, CRL, by fractionation plants of oil and natural gas commission of oil India Limited. Marketing of Liquefied petroleum: Liquefied petroleum gas is marked by these petroleum corporation of government of India namely, Indian Oil Corporation. Bharath Petroleum Corporation, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation.
Equipment: This term includes cylinders, values and pressure regulator. They belong to the corporation and are only loaned to the customers against security deposit. Distributor Definition: According to Essential commodities Act 1955 Liquefied Petroleum gas (Regulation of supply and Distribution) order 1988, Distributor means a firm, an association of persons, a company a corporation, institution organization or a corporative society engaged in the business of purchase, sale are storage for sale of Liquefied petroleum gas in cylinders on the basis of an agreement with an oil company whether or not in conjunction with any other business, his representatives, employees, Agent or commission agent but does not includes on oil company. Role of distributor: Distributor is the link between Oil Company and customer and customer. It is imperative to provide facilities at the distributorship to cater to customers requirements. Employ adequate deliverymen to ensure efficient system of booking. Well-trained staff to answers courteously and politely to the customer for maintenance of statutory and necessary registers. Mechanics to attend faults and provide service facility to customers appliances, and handling of leakage complaint.
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Place adequate vehicles to transport refills efficiently and quickly to customers. Educating customers on various aspects of safety. Facilities the distributor must provide showrooms A spacious place suitably located and furnished for the Distributor to display, demonstrate and sell Liquefied petroleum gas equipments and accessories. It should meet with the companys approval. For effective selling customers should be well informed and the following boards are displayed to achieve the following. 1. Name board/weekly holidays/working hours: To inform the customers of the distributing agencys name. Oil company on whose behalf the distributor Functions. 2. Stock Board: The Stock Board will provide data as the availability of full cylinders and last date till which refill has been supplied. 3. Selling prices: This prevents the customers from being over charged 4. MRTP Notification: This clearly tells the customers that no one can force them to buy a hat plats and connection cannot be dividing against purchase of hot plate
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5. Refill order board: This informs the customers to whom the least refill was supplied and pending orders. 6. Waiting List for New Collection: Waitlisted customers can know their position, as the last waitlisted number to which the connection has been given is displayed. 7. Customer service cell: The customer service cell functions to sort out problem of the customer/attend to customer. Complaints pertaining to Liquefied petroleum gas. The availability of this cell is informed to the customers by the customers by the customer cell board displayed. It contains the address to be contained. 8. Suggestions and complaints board: It is mandatory that each Distributorship should provide a suggestions/complaints book.
The availability of the book is intimated to the customers through this board. 9. A Board Stating Registration For New Connection is Open And Free This prevents the customer From being charged for registration.
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10. It is essential for the distributor to have atleast one telephone at his shop, so that customers can conveniently order refill supplies. REGISTERS TO BE MAINTAINED BY THE DISTRIBUTOR: The following registers are to be maintained by the distributor, which will enable him to function efficiently and effectively. 1. Daily stock register
2. Refill order register
3. Booking resister 4. Incoming/outgoing TAN/TV/TA/register 5. Service complaint register 6. Alphabetical register 7. D.P.R. replacement registers 8. Commercial customer 9. S.V. register Consumer definition: Consumer means a person firm and company institution. Association of persons co-operative society or organization, whose name is registered with an oil corporation supply of Liquefied petroleum gas is cylinders. Classification of customer: The customers are normally classified as under. A. Domestic customer:
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Those who use Liquefied petroleum gas for household purpose such as cooking, water heating etc. B. Commercial customers: Those who use Liquefied petroleum gas for cooking in hotels, restaurants schools, colleges, hospitals, etc, and for Laboratory purpose. C. Industrial customers: Customers using Liquefied petroleum gas in whose premises a manufacturing process goes on. Delivery boys: Definition: Delivery Boy means a employed by a distributor whether for wages or otherwise to deliver Liquefied petroleum gas in cylinders to consumer. Sales: Liquefied petroleum gas is a premium product, associated with a rising standard of living. We can all feel proud of connected with it. The very best advertisement for Liquefied petroleum gas is the satisfied customers. His friends become customers and so do their Friends. Therefore the first requisite for the distribute is a suitably decorated shop in a strategic locality. It should be attractive to the housewife, who will
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want to see a demonstration of how Liquefied petroleum gas works. It is an advantage, if other domestic lines are stocked in the some shop. The most powerful sales weapon is the satisfied customer. This is best achieved by ensuring courteous services to the customer, efficient system, timely refill deliveries and complaint service. SELLING POINT IN FAVOUR OF LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS: The advantages of using liquefied gas. 1. It is extremely easy to light the flame in a Liquefied petroleum gas appliance. Just light a match or strike a lighter turn on the top. No tedious preparation is required.
2. Liquefied petroleum gas gives instant heat. This is no need to nurse
the fire, or wait for the appliance to warm up.

3. The blue flame is visible and its size is easily controllable to give the
amount of head required. All appliance values have a positive stop simmer position for case of selecting the flame. 4. The size of the flame remains constant for as long as it is required without any effort on the part of the uses. 5. No soot is formed. The bottoms of te pans stay clean and so does the kitchen
6. The Liquefied petroleum gas appliances is neat, attractive and easy to
clean. It requires little maintenance and will last for many years. It is a good investment. 7. There is no problem about storing liquefied petroleum gas. cylinder is clean, and takes up very little space in the kitchen. The
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8. Whenever a refill cylinder is required, free home delivery is given the
customer has just to telephone or send a message to the distributors shop and the cylinder is delivered within the shortcut time possible. 9. If the appliance needs attention, the distributor provides servicing and the only charge made is for spare parts, if required and a very nominal service charge. 10.Liquefied petroleum gas is backed by the extensive experience of the Oil Corporation.
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AIDS TO SELLING LIQUID PETROLEUM GAS: Advertising: Name Board: Each distributor must display over his shop the approved name board, conforming to the corporations regulations so as to enable carry identification. Neon signs The distributor may consider erecting over his ship a neon sign. This must conform to the corporation regulations. DISPLAY IN THE SHOP AND SHOP WINDOW: The most effective method will depend on the shop in question. In the window, the display should be prominently visible from the street. Within the shop, which should be as neat and clean as possible there should be a counter displaying the full range of Appliances. Current Retail selling rates of cylinders and appliances should be displayed prominently as well as stock of full cylinders in the agency as a day to day basis. This is as per rules of the packaged commodities Act, 1975 of government of India and is mandatory.
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LITERATURE: The distributor should give the customer the following 1. A printed Instruction card which explains the ways and means of maintaining the cylinders, regulator rubber the etc. 2. This card should also give operating procedure Regulator to the cylinders and the operation aspects. 3. The fixing and removing of the pressure Regulator to the Cylinders and the operation aspects. 4. The operation maintaining of new stoves purchased by the customers. PUBLIC RELATION: Every distributor should bear in mind the important of crediting a good impression in the minds of the public on all occasions, whether talking to customers/prospective customers, in the telephone conversation, in correspondence etc. For example, considerable annoyance can unwittingly be caused to customers by staff concerned have been rude. This can easily be avoided. All staff answering the telephone should state clearly the name of the organization, which they represent and have customers history cards order form us and ball point pen personally at had near the phone. They should end the conversation by reading back the order, and thanking the customers.
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CHAPTER-4
SURVEY ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER SURVEY FINDINGS
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ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER SURVEY FINDINGS: Analysis of survey of Liquefied Petroleum Gas with particular reference to consumer preference is presented. The survey is conducted to Know why people prefer Liquefied Petroleum Gas to other fuels like electricity, Kerosene and firewood by using questionnaire. Shimoga city. 25 persons responded to the consumer questionnaire which helped us to draw the conclusions. The percentage wise opinion has also been shown in all tables formed below for this purpose. The questionnaires were distributed to different class of people residing in
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Table Number-1 The table bellow shows the number of people belonging to different occupation responded to all questionnaires. Occupation of respondents Business Housewives Professionals Others Total No. of respondents No. of person in percentage 10 20% 20 40% 4 8% 16 32% 50 100%
From the above table we can say that out of 50 respondents a major portion constitutes housewives who have preferred liquefied petroleum gas. Housewives form about 40% followed by others (32%) business (20%) professionals (8%)
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OCCUPATION OF THE RESPONDENTS
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Table Number-2 The table shows the annual income of respondents family Income Below Rs. 8,000 10,000 10,000 and above Total Total 32 10 8 50 Percentage 64% 20% 16% 100%
The Above table shows that the families whose income is Rs. 8000 and below, per annual Requires. We the product more. They Form about 64% followed by the families whose income is Rs. 10,000(20%) and above Rs. 10,0000 (16%) Further by comparing the above tables 1 and 2. We can conclude that housewives followed by professionals, whose family income is Rs. 8000 and bellow, per annum prefer and use liquefied petroleum gas more than others ANNUAL INCOME OF RESPONDENTS
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Table Number-3 This table shows percentage of people who use different fuels Different fuels Firewood Kerosene Electricity liquefied Petroleum Total No. of respondents 2 2 6 40 50 No. of person in percentage 4% 4% 12% 80% 100%
Out of 50 respondents it is clear that major portion of them use liquefied petroleum gas. About 80% of respondents use Liquefied petroleum gas followed by electricity 12% Kerosene 4% and firewood 4%. FUEL PREFERENCE OF THE RESPONDENTS
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Table No.-4 This shows, the number of years the respondents are using Liquefied petroleum gas. Year 2 5 10 20 Total Total 4 10 24 12 50 Percentage 8% 20% 48% 24% 100%
Out of 50 respondents, 4 respondents have used liquified petroleum gas since only 2 years, 10 respondents; have used liquified petroleum gas since 5 years, 24 since 10 years, and 12 since 20 years. NUMBER OF THE RESPONDENTS
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Table Number-5 These table shows, which gas agency the respondent, are using liquefied petroleum gas. Name Shalok Gas Agency Shimoga Gas Agency Bandari gas Agency Others Specify Total Total 24 10 14 2 50 Percentage 48% 20% 28% 4% 100%
Out of 50 respondents, 24respondent has used liquified petroleum gas since Shalok Gas Agency, 10 respondent, have used liquified petroleum gas since Shimoga gas Agency 14 since Bandari gas Agency and 2 since other specify. Which Gas Agency
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Table Number-6 This table shows their reasons why respondents prefer liquefied petroleum gas fuel. Reasons Economical Reliable Convenient Easy available Total Total 8 8 17 17 50 Percentage 16% 16% 34% 34% 100%
Major percentage of people prefer Liquefied Petroleum gas because it is convenient out of 50, 17 respondents use Liquefied petroleum gas for convenience followed by reliability 8, Easy availability 17 and Economical 4. REASON FOR NON PREFERENCE
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Table Number-7 This table shows the percentage or respondents having single or double cylinders. No. of Cylinders One Two Total Total 15 35 50 Percentage 30% 70% 100%
Out of 50 respondents most prefers to have double cylinders, 35 respondents have 2 cylinders while 15 have only one. Number of cylinders
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Table Number-8 This table shows the availability of liquid Bharath gas in the market Opinion Yes No Total No. of Respondents 46 4 50 Percentage 92 8 100%
Outs of 50 respondent, 46 are of the opinion that liquid Bharath gas is easily available in the market and 4 feels it otherwise. AVAILABILITY OF BHARAT IN MARKET
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Table No.9 This table shows that number of respondents who have not attended the safety clinics conducted by the Hindustan Petroleum Corporation. Attended Safety Clinics Yes No Total ` No. of respondents 18 32 50 Percentage 36% 64% 100%
Out of 50 respondents, 18 respondents have attended the safety clinics
while the other has not 32.
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Table Number-10
This table shows the reasons why respondents have not attended safety clinics
Reasons Busy Not interest Not necessary Other reasons Total
No. of respondents 25 10 8 7 50
Percentage 50% 20%% 16% 14% 100%
Out of 50 respondents, 25 respondents have busy, 10 have not attended safety clinics because they are not interested, 8 because safety clinics are not necessary and 7because other reasons. REASONS FOR NOT ATTENDING SAFETY CLINIC
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Table Number-11
This table shows the reasons why people recommended liquefied petroleum gas to others
Reasons Reliability Easy maintenance Efficient Cleanliness of use Total
No. of respondents 12 24 8 6 50
Percentage 24% 48% 16% 12% 100%
All 50 respondents have answered that they will recommend liquefied petroleum gas of others. Out of 50 respondents, 24 respondent will recommended liquefied petroleum gas to other because of its easy maintenance followed by cleanliness of use (6), efficiency (8) and reliability (12)
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Table -12 This table shows the duration of change of cylinders Duration 2 Weeks 4 Weeks 6 Weeks 8 Weeks Total No. of respondents 10 28 6 6 50 percentage 10% 56% 12% 12% 100%
Out of 50 respondents for 28 respondents the duration of change of cylinder is 4 weeks and 3 need indent is 10, 6, 6 respondents is 2, 6, 8 weeks respectively. DURATION CHANGE OF CYLINDER
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Table Number-13
This table shows, the reasons what do you consider while selecting your agency.
Reasons Prompt delivery of cylinder Reputation Service of the agency Other (Specify() Total
No. of respondents percentage 18 36% 8 16% 22 44% 2 4% 50 100%
All 50 respondents have answered that they will consider liquefied petroleum gas to others. Out of 50 respondents, 22 respondents will consider liquefied petroleum gas to others because of its services of the agency followed by prompt delivery of cylinder 18, Reputation 8, others 2.
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CHAPER-5
CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR
IMPORTANCE
PURCHASE BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS
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CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR 1. IMPORTANCE: The importance of the consumer in our economic society has long recognized. Economic theories for more than a century have emphasized the fundamental proposition that economic endeavour of human wants. Mutuality of interest has been recognized between consumer and producers. One cannot exist without the others. Many business concern have, therefore been giving greater thought to the stud of consumers need, and wants, preliminary to their production of good usable managerial understanding of consumer behaviour to develop successful marketing programmer can be obtained from consumer behaviour survey. 2. PURCHASE BEHAVIOUR ANALYSIS: Markets have been understood before planning the marketing process. A market whether consumer, produces, reseller or government is the set of all individuals and organization who are actual of potential buyers of a product or service. This means that any person organization that has a latent interest in a product and the mean to acquire it is a buyer. Since market consist of buyers, behaviour is central to a understanding of markets. than on the characteristics of a purchased product. Which are distinguished on the basis of the buyer role. Motive and behaviour rather
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In order to understand buyer one has to seek answers to four fundamental questions.
What does the market buy? (object)
Why does it buy? (Objective) : Who does the buying? (Organization): How does the buy? (Operation) : Answering this question of a market is pre-requisite for deciding the 4 peas product, price, promotion and physical distribution of marketing strategy The consumer market is the ultimate market for which the economic activities are organized. It consists of the whole population and it is important for the markets to research age distribution, family formation, income educational level, mobility of preference and tastes in short, the entire life of consumers. Consumer life style is how you life. Get is the total image you have of yourself a s result of he culture you live in and he individual situation and experiences that comprise your daily existence. Get is the sum total of you post decisions and future plane. This it is consumer life style which finally determines the consumer purchase division. This can be seen in figure (1) showing the consu9mer purchase decision model.
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2. a) CONSUMER PURCHASE DECISION MODEL
Needs/attitudes that influence Consumption decision
Consumer
Consumer purchase
Social class Demo-Consumer life style Individual Characteristics Graphics Family Individual Development Behavior experience that reduce, Maintain or enhance life style
The objective of the consumer is to satisfy Verity of need physiological safety belongingness status and self-actualization, but he is not always fully conscious of the needs that are driving his or her behaviour. Need levels vary from person and also fluctuate over time this needs a several makes the person look around for the right thing to gratify his need. The individual entries a state of active information search. This purchase involvement is the level of concern for or interest in the purchase process triggered by this to consider a particular purchase. Thus it is a temporary state of individual. Family of household unit, which is, influenced by the interaction of individuals, product and situation characteristics.
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The buying situations itself can very from one of routines response. Behaviour to limited problem solving to extensive problem solving. Buying is not a single act but a multiple component decision based on the need class, generic class product class, brand vendor, quality, timing and method of payment. The decision making process starts with the buyer considering a few alternatives from the set of alternatives he is aware of. This initially evoked set gets narrowed down by evaluation and elimination of infusible alternatives, leading ultimately to the specific decision set, which the alternative is finally purchased. The type or evaluative criteria which a consumer uses in a decision various from tangible criteria based on factors like style taste, prestige, brand and retailer image. On the basis of the ranked set of performances the purchase decision is made. Use of the Product and evaluation give rise to post purchase feelings, which may be either a complaint behaviour or repeat purchase motivation. Thus at each decision stage characteristics of the buyer, product, seller and selling situation interact to influence the buying outcome. A dear picture of this each be had from the overall model of consumer behaviour.
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2 b) OVERALL MODEL OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

Attitudes/needs
Social Class
Culture
Situations
Demo Graphics
consumer Life Style Individual Development
-Problems -Recognition -Information -Search -Evaluation & Selection -Outlet selection decision implementation -Post purchase Process
Family
Situations
Thus the term consumer behaviour can be defined as the behaviour that consumers display in searching for purchasing, using and evaluation products, services and ideas, which they except will satisfy their needs. It includes the study of what they buy, why buy it, how they buy it, when they buy it, where they buy it and how after things buy it.
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CHAPER-6 SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION
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SUGGESTIONS I give below my suggestions for the better and efficient consumer service by distributor? 1. Refills booking by Post: Consumer should b e allowed to book the refills by post by using preprinted post cards supplied by the distributor himself. An acknowledgment is to be sent for booking made by post and postage is to be borne by the consumer. 2. Display of refill supply position: To enable the consumer to know he correct refill supply positions, the daily booking numbers and supply positions should be displayed as a board. 3. Refill booking numbers; Consumer should be given by the distributor the booking number of the refills i.e. the serial numbers in the refills registers. 4. Sunday Working: The distributor should make refill supplies on Sundays, with a weekly off on any working day.
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5. Telephone answering machine: In all towns where there are automatic electronic exchange, telephone answering machine is to be provided. 6. Adequate infrastructure: Distributor should have adequate infrastructure to render prompt service to the consumers for both refill deliveries and new connection. 7. Delivery vehicle: For refill deliveries auto driven vehicles to be used. 8. Pre-delivery checks: Before the cylinders are dispatched to the consumers, the distributors have to make a 100% pre-delivery check on a platform type weighing scale 9. Refill delivery: All refills are to be supplied on a home delivery basis. No refills are to be delivered on a cash and carry basis. 10. Complaint/Suggestion box: All complaint/suggestion box is to be kept inside the distributors showroom beside the complaint register.
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New Connection: 11. Hot Plate Prices: Distributors should display the prices of ISI approved hot plates being marketed by them along with the stipulation with regard to MRTP Act in heir showroom 12. Hot Plate Inspections: The hot plate available with the consumer should be inspected within 7 days. 13. Registration for new collection: Registration for new connection should be open at all times and free of charge. This message must be displayed on a board. 14. Intimation Letters: Customers whose waiting list has matured must be intimated to avail of their connection through on intimation letter. This has a business reply paid card which is to be mailed to the Divisional office by the consumer often availing the supplied to the distributors by the divisional office. 15. Domestic gas consumer card: Domestic gas consumer cards have been printed as an industry basis to be issued to all consumers. The card contains all details pertaining to the consumers connection. An entry is to made by the delivery boy in the card at the times of refill delivery boy in the card at the time of refill delivery.
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16. No person shall be granted to an oil company as a Distributor more than one connection for consuming liquefied petroleum gas. 17. Emergency Service cell: All major cities and town will have an Emergency service cell to attend to customer complaints after working hours on holidays. It is set up to attend mainly leakage complaints. The availability of this service it to be published among the customers and the should be clearly advised that emergency service cell operated to attend leakage complaints and to tackle hazardous situations.
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CONCLUSION From the survey as indicated by different tables we can conclude that only sections of the urban people are using liquefied petroleum gas. House wives cum working woman and the most elite class people prefer liquefied petroleum gas is not very popular because of lack of knowledge and availability of gas at their doorstep and due t costing. These classes of people mostly use firewood or kerosene for cooking purposes. Few people use electricity. The people who live near the forest and the villages are destroying the forest by cutting the trees which is causing great environmental problems by denuding the forest the climatic condition is getting warmer and warmer. As this is a national disaster strongly recommend to the concerned authorities to popularize the use of liquefied petroleum gas in these areas. The oil companies should come forward to appoint the dealers and by adequate supply of liquefied petroleum gas to backward and hilly areas. This programme will not only enrich the nation but also the wealth of the people as liquefied petroleum gas is a bob Smokey agent. The oil companies should propagate the use of liquefied petroleum gas to the lower class people. The government should come forward to make available the liquefied petroleum gas adequately as and when the demand increases either by importing or by indigenous production.
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The oil companies should educate the masses regarding the safety aspects of using liquefied petroleum gas and make them aware that liquefied petroleum gas is safe and reliable and economic too.
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ANNEXURE QUESTIONNAIRE BIBLIOGRAPHY
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CONSUMER ATTITUDES TOWARDS LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS
KUVEMPU UNIVERSITY
ACHARYA TULSI NATIONAL COLLEGE OF COMMERCE SHIMOGA
Dear Respondents, I am the student of BBM Final year in partial fulfillment of my course. I am conducting the marketing survey of liquified petroleum gas for project report. I would therefore be grateful if you kindly spare me a few minutes to answer the following questions. Thanking You, QUESTIONNAIRE 1. Name 2. Sex 3. Educational Qualification 4. Occupation 5. Monthly Income : : : : a) Below-8000 b) 8000-1000 c) Above 10000 6. Type of fuel used a) Fire wood b) Kerosene c) Electricity d) LPG
7. Is it domestic or non-domestic?
8. Since how many years you all using LPG a) 2 years c) 10 Years b) 5 Years d) 20 Years
9. Which is your gas agency? a) Shimoga gas agency b) Shalok Gas Agency c) Bangari gas agency d) Others (Specify) 10. If LPG, why? a. Economical c. Convenient 11. If not why? a. Risk b. Relaible d. Easy availability c. Convenient a. Yes 13. If yes how? a. Friends b. Consumers of the agency c. Advertisement d. Others 14. What is your opinion regarding your agency? a. Excellent b. Good c. Not bad b. No b. Reliable d. Easy availability
12. Have heard of Shalok Gas Agency?
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15. How many cylinders have you got a. One b. Two 16. Are you satisfied with LPG 17. It is easily available in the market? a. Yes a. Yes 19. If No why? a. Busy c. Not necessary a. Yes 21. If yes why? a. Reliable c. Efficient 22. If no why? a. Risk c. Costly a. Two weeks c. Six weeks b. Non-availability d. Others b. Four weeks d. Others. b. Easy Maintenance d. Cleanliness of use b. No b. Not interested d. Other reasons b. No b. No 18. Have you attended any safety clinics conducted by Shalok Gas Agency?
20. Will you recommend LPG to others?
23. Duration of change of yours cylinders
24. What do you consider while selecting your agency? a. Prompt delivery of Cylinders b. Reputation c. Service of the Agency d. Other
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25. Any Suggestions _________________________ _________________________ Date Place: Signature
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Encyclopedia a. Britannica b. American c. Colliers d. Standard Magazines and Newspapers Facts for you Annual Report of United Breweries Ltd., Marketing Management by S.A. Sherlakar Philp Kotler HPCL-LPG Manual
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Consumer Attitudes Towards LPG

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Consumer Attitudes Towards LPG

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SYNOPSIS

ANNEXURE Questionnaire Bibliography

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT REPORT

INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES SCOPE OF THE STUDY METHODOLOGY LIMITATIONS

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

and group (social) process.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

(BHARATH) cylinders by Shalok Gas Agency.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

CHAPTER-2 PRODUCT PROFILE

Crude petroleum and natural gas Comparisons with other fuels

Important characteristic of LPG Status quo of LPG in India

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Introduction of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (L.P.G) Liquefied Petroleum gas:

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Instantaneous but head wasted Page | 16

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

GRAPH SHOWING THE OUT PUT IN MILLION TONNES

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

A PORTRAIT OF THE FIRM

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

The agency has employed 15 personnel. The organization structure is as follows.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

month of December for the school students.

The second was held at

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

the fire, or wait for the appliance to warm up.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

8. Whenever a refill cylinder is required, free home delivery is given the

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER SURVEY FINDINGS

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

OCCUPATION OF THE RESPONDENTS

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

Acharya Tulsi National College of Commerce, Shimoga.

25. Any Suggestions _ _ Date Place: Signature