What is a CPU?

CPU is short for central processing unit. The CPU is the part of the computer that is most responsible for the computer's speed. The CPU's processing speed is measured in gigahertz (GHz). The CPU can be thought of as the computer's "engine" with the GHz corresponding to an engine's horsepower. Each GHz equals 1,000 MHz, so a speed of 2.4 GHz is equal to 2,400 MHz.

What is RAM?

Random access memory (RAM) is the computer's temporary memory. It is measured in gigabytes (GB) and is used as needed to complete tasks. The amount of RAM a computer has is a significant factor in the computer's overall speed because the more RAM it has, the faster it can process tasks. Adding more RAM to a computer is the easiest way to instantly increase the computer's speed.

What is a hard drive?

The hard drive is the storage area. Every file on a computer is stored on the hard drive. The storage capacity of a hard drive is measured in gigabytes (GB). In contrast to RAM, the hard drive is the permanent storage area. While every computer contains an internal hard drive, there are external hard drives as well. External hard drives are often used to back up the information on an internal hard drive.

Hardware Terms

A computer is a machine that processes information based on the instructions or commands that you provide by using the keyboard or mouse. The keyboard is a rectangular device with keys signifying letters, numbers and symbols, and is the primary source for inputting data. The mouse is a pointing device, which allows you to point to commands on your monitor. The monitor is the screen that attaches to your computer, which allows you to visualize the output. All-in-one computers have the central processing unit (CPU) built into the monitor.

Software Terms

The operating system provides the main instruction set for your computer; it essentially allows you to operate your computer. A menu is a list of instructions or commands that you can choose from. Menu lists are found when you launch your software program. Launch means to start or open a program. Edit means to change existing information. A folder is a location where you place a collection of photos, letters and documents as well as other folders. Delete means to remove a file, folder, photo or other type of data. A crash is when a software application no longer works.

Memory

Random Access Memory, or RAM, is a designated amount of "working space" where your computer does all of its processing of information. Read Only Memory, or ROM, is a memory chip found on the central processing unit of the computer. This chip allows permanent storage of information and instructions, as well as copious amounts of data that your computer needs to function properly.

What is WWW?
The term "WWW" refers to the open development phase of the Internet in the 1990s. The WWW comprises a global network of Web sites accessible on the Internet. What Is a URL?

URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) identify by name Web servers and individual Web pages stored on those servers, anywhere on the Internet.

Components
A general purpose computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O). These parts are interconnected bybusses, often made of groups of wires. Inside each of these parts are thousands to trillions of small electrical circuits which can be turned off or on by means of an electronic switch. Each circuit represents a bit (binary digit) of information so that when the circuit is on it represents a "1", and when off it represents a "0" (in positive logic representation). The circuits are arranged in logic gates so that one or more of the circuits may control the state of one or more of the other circuits. The control unit, ALU, registers, and basic I/O (and often other hardware closely linked with these) are collectively known as a central processing unit (CPU). Early CPUs were composed of many separate components but since the mid-1970s CPUs have typically been constructed on a single integrated circuit called a microprocessor.

Control unit
The control unit (often called a control system or central controller) manages the computer's various components; it reads and interprets (decodes) the program instructions, transforming [38] them into a series of control signals which activate other parts of the computer. Control systems in advanced computers may change the order of some instructions so as to improve performance.

Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)

Main article: Arithmetic logic unit The ALU is capable of performing two classes of operations: arithmetic and logic.
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The set of arithmetic operations that a particular ALU supports may be limited to addition and subtraction, or might include multiplication, division, trigonometry functions such as sine, cosine, etc., and square roots. Some can only operate on whole numbers (integers) whilst others use floating point to represent real numbers, albeit with limited precision. However, any computer that is capable of performing just the simplest operations can be programmed to break down the more complex operations into simple steps that it can perform. Therefore, any computer can be programmed to perform any arithmetic operationalthough it will take more time to do so if its ALU does not directly support the operation. An ALU may also compare numbers and return boolean truth values (true or false) depending on whether one is equal to, greater than or less than the other ("is 64 greater than 65?"). Logic operations involve Boolean logic: AND, OR, XOR and NOT. These can be useful for creating complicated conditional statements and processing boolean logic.

Memory
Computer main memory comes in two principal varieties: random-access memory or RAM and readonly memory or ROM. RAM can be read and written to anytime the CPU commands it, but ROM is pre-loaded with data and software that never changes, therefore the CPU can only read from it. ROM is typically used to store the computer's initial start-up instructions. In general, the contents of RAM are erased when the power to the computer is turned off, but ROM retains its data indefinitely.

What is softwares?
Computer software, or just software, is a collection of computer programs and related data that provides the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it. Software refers to one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of the computer for some purposes. In other words, software is a set of programs, procedures, algorithms and its documentation concerned with the operation of a data processing system. Program software performs the function of the program it implements, either by directly providing instructions to the computer hardware or by serving as input to another piece of software. The term was coined to contrast to the old term hardware (meaning [1] physical devices). In contrast to hardware, software "cannot be touched". Software is also sometimes used in a more narrow sense, meaningapplication software only. Sometimes the term includes data that has not traditionally been associated with computers, such as film, tapes, and [2] records.

WHAT IS HARDWARES?
Your PC (Personal Computer) is a system, consisting of many components. Some of those components, like Windows XP, and all your other programs, are software. The stuff you can actually see and touch, and would likely break if you threw it out a fifth-story window, is hardware.

The Hard Disk

All of the information that's "in your computer", so to speak, is stored on your computer's hard disk. You never see that actual hard disk because it's sealed inside a special housing and needs to stay that way. Unlike RAM, which is volatile, the hard disk can hold information forever -- with or without electricity. Most modern hard disks have tens of billions of bytes of storage space on them. Which, in English, means that you can create, save, and download files for months or years without using up all the storage space it provides.

The Keyboard
Like the mouse, the keyboard is a means of interacting with your computer. You really only need to use the keyboard when you're typing text. Most of the keys on the keyboard are laid out like the keys on a typewriter. But there are some special keys like Esc (Escape), Ctrl (Control), and Alt (Alternate). There are also some keys across the top of the keyboard labeled F1, F2, F3, and so forth. Those are called the function keys, and the exact role they play depends on which program you happen to be using at the moment.

What is Internet The internet in simple terms is a network of the interlinked computer networking worldwide, which is accessible to the general public. Internet is such a huge network of several different interlinked networks relating to the business, government, academic, and even smaller domestic networks, therefore internet is known as the network of all the other networks. These networks enable the internet to be used for various important functions which include the several means of communications like the file transfer, the online chat and even the sharing of the documents and web sites on the WWW, or the World Wide Web.