Prof. Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Sedlacek, Dipl.-Ing.

Christian Mller
Institute of Steel Construction, RWTH Aachen, Germany

3 S235S460
S690
S460S690

EN 1993:

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.8

1.9

1.10

1.11

3.1

3.2

4.1

4.2

4.3

 CEN
CEN
3 1993 1 3

S235S460 S690
S690
2

3 S460

2
- fy
3
fu 4 fu
u 5

A w A = 0

S460 6
1

2
3

4
5

S235S460 -

--

S460 3

fu
1.10
fy

+
+

_
_

fy

+ f
y

bolt

bolt

M
Mu

Mpl

Mpl

3
7 S460 fy
fu fu/fy

fu

fy

fu
fy

M M

Annex D

Annex D 1990

4
1993-1-10 9
TEdEdS690
6

Ed 1
9

K *appl,d K mat ,d

(3)

K appl,d K mat ,d

K *appl,d
10 1993-1-9

S235

S275

S355

S420

S460

S690

JR
J
J2
JR
J0
J2
M,N
ML,NL
JR
J0
J2
K2,M,N
ML,NL
M,N
ML,NL
Q
M,N
QL
ML,NL
QL1
Q
Q
QL
QL
QL1
QL1

CVN
Jmin

20
27
0
27
-20
27
20
27
0
27
-20
27
-20
40
-50
27
20
27
0
27
-20
27
-20
40
-50
27
-20
40
-50
27
-20
30
-20
40
-40
30
-50
27
-60
30
0
40
-20
30
-20
40
-40
30
-40
40
-60
30

10

60
90
125
55
75
110
135
185
40
60
90
110
155
95
135
70
90
105
125
150
30
40
50
60
75
90

50
75
105
45
65
95
110
160
35
50
75
90
130
80
115
60
70
90
105
125
30
40
50
60
75
90

-10
-20
-30
ED = 0.75fy (t)
40
35
30
60
60
40
90
75
60
35
30
25
55
45
35
75
65
55
95
75
65
135
110
95
25
20
15
40
35
25
60
50
40
75
60
50
110
90
75
65
55
45
95
80
65
50
40
30
60
50
40
70
60
50
90
70
60
105
90
70
25
20
15
30
25
20
40
30
25
50
40
30
60
50
40
75
60
50

-40

-50

10

25
35
50
20
30
45
55
75
15
20
35
40
60
35
55
25
30
40
50
60
10
15
20
25
30
40

20
30
40
15
25
35
45
65
10
15
25
35
50
30
45
20
25
30
40
50
10
10
15
20
25
30

90
125
170
80
115
155
180
200
65
95
135
155
200
140
190
110
130
155
180
200
65
80
95
115
135
160

75
105
145
70
95
130
155
200
55
80
95
110
155
100
140
95
110
130
155
180
55
65
80
95
115
135

TED| N
-10
-20
-30
ED = 0.50fy (t)
65
55
45
90
75
65
125
105
90
55
50
40
80
70
55
115
95
80
130
115
95
180
155
130
45
40
30
65
55
45
95
80
65
110
95
80
155
135
110
100
85
70
140
120
100
75
65
55
95
75
65
110
95
75
130
110
95
155
130
110
45
35
30
55
45
35
65
55
45
80
65
55
95
80
65
115
90
80

-40

-50

10

40
55
75
35
50
70
80
115
25
40
55
65
95
60
85
45
55
65
75
95
20
30
35
45
55
65

35
45
65
30
40
55
70
95
25
30
45
55
80
50
70
35
45
55
65
75
20
20
30
35
45
55

135
175
200
125
165
200
200
230
110
150
200
200
210
200
200
175
200
200
200
215
120
140
165
190
200
200

115
155
200
110
145
190
200
200
95
130
175
200
200
185
200
155
175
200
200
200
100
120
140
165
190
200

TEdEd
1993-1-10

-10
-20
-30
ED = 0.25fy (t)
100
85
75
135
115
100
175
155
135
95
80
70
125
110
95
165
145
15
190
165
145
200
200
190
80
70
60
110
95
80
150
130
110
175
150
130
200
200
175
160
140
120
200
185
160
130
115
95
155
130
115
175
155
130
200
175
155
200
200
175
85
75
90
100
85
75
120
100
85
140
120
100
165
140
120
190
165
140

-40

-50

65
85
115
60
80
110
125
165
55
70
95
110
150
100
140
80
95
115
130
155
50
60
75
85
100
120

60
75
100
55
70
95
110
145
45
60
80
95
130
85
120
70
80
95
115
130
45
50
60
75
85
100

 10

K*appl,d

K mat ,d T27J
T27J AvT=27J V 11

11

K mat ,d

12

 12

5
5.1
fu

S460
13 14

13

0.9

10

 14

S235 S460

5.2
3 1~8
S690 15

15

S235S355S460 S690

5.3
S460 16

11

 16

17 1-3 1~8

17

S235S355S460

6 fy
6.1
3 1~5

1
2
3 18

12

 18

19 fy
20
S690

19

/Vexp/ Vth fy

13

 20

/Fexp/ Fth

6.2

S460
21 S690

Limits

n
Cross-sectio

Rolled
I-sections
I-
tf

Buckling

about axis

Buckling
curve
S 235
S 275
S 460
S 355
S 420

h/b > 1,2

t f 40mm

y-y
z-z

a
b

a0
a0

40mm < t f 100mm

y-y
z-z

b
c

a
a

h/b 1,2
t f 100mm

y-y
z-z

b
c

a
a

t f > 100mm

y-y
z-z

d
d

c
c

z
b

21

14

6.3

7 fu/fy
7.1

22
c/t 23
235N/mm2

22

cap

15

fy

fy

(+)

fy

fy

fy

c
-

fy

> 0,5 : c / t
c / t 72

c / t 33

0,5 : c / t

> 0,5 : c / t
c / t 83

c / t 38

0,5 : c / t
fy
c

456
13 1
41,5

fy

fy

+
c/2

396
13 1
36

fy

fy

(+)

c / t 124

c / t 42

> 1 : c / t

42
0,67 + 0,33

1*) : c / t 62 (1 ) ( )

= 235 / f y

fy

235

275

355

420

460

1,00

0,92

0,81

0,75

0,71

23

(:)

24 25 25
fu/fy 1

16

No.

cap

(f

y ,fl

4Ebw 3
+

+ )bh 5h 2

4k fy

2
hw ) + 4f y , web btwh f y , web hw

1,3
f y ,fl
400

+ 0,25

(h 2t )w 2 f y,web
2 M pl

2t
0,2
+
3
2b b
b (f y ,fl + )
1
l

24

25

y , web

= 150 N / mm

k fy =

(f

= 150 N / mm

cap

R = cap/el

7.2
2
26 C

17

Ru,net < Ry,net

Ry,net > Ru,net

Ry,gross > Ru,net

26

27

fu/fy a/w

27

fu/fy

8
3 1~9

18

9
3 S460 S690
S690

S460

(1) EN 1993-1: Steel General rules and rules for buildings.

(2) EN 1993-1: Background documents.
(3) G. Sedlacek, B. Khn, N. Stranghner, P. Langenberg, C. Mller: The application of fracture
mechanics in steel construction. Fa. Gilire acier dans la construction 30 ans dinnovation
Paris ENCP 18 April 2002.
(4) M. Feldmann: Zur Rotationskapazitt von I-Profilen statisch und dynamisch belasteter Trger,
Stahlbau RWTH Aachen, Schriftenreihe Heft 30, Aachen 1994.
(5) EN 1990 Basis of structural design.
(6) B. Johansson, R. Maquoi, G. Sedlacek, C. Mller, R. Schneider: Neue Beulregeln nach ENV
1993 Teil 1-5, Stahlbau 1999, Heft 11, S. 857 879.

19