07ME42 USN R. V.

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
Autonomous Institution IV Semester B. E. Examinations May-June-09 Mechanical Engineering

FLUID MACHINERY
Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 100 Instructions to Candidates: 1. Answer Two Questions from Part-A, Two Questions from B and One Question from Part-C 2 Use of Thermodynamics data book permitted.

PART-A 1 a Define specific speed. If it is 10, how do you classify it as? 04 b Mention the types of turbo machines depending on the medium with 2 examples each 08 c Compare and contrast with positive displacement motion, the characteristics of a turbomachine. 08 2 a Derive Eulers equation for turbine b An axial flow air compressor is designed to provide an overall total to total pressure ratio of 8 to 1. The temperature at inlet and outlet are 300K and 586K respectively. Determine the overall total to total efficiency and polytropic efficiency. c Starting from the definition of degree of reaction, show that it is zero for an impulse turbine 3 a Explain similitude b The drag force F on a body in supersonic flow is considered to depend on the length L, velocity V, diameter D and fluid properties like density , dynamic viscosity and bulk modulus of elasticity E. Derive an expression for F, using Raleigh method PART-B 4 a Classify the fluid flow based on Mach no. b The total pressure, static pressure and the total temperature of helium at a certain point in a flow are 10 bar, 5 bar and 400K respectively. Assuming helium to be a perfect gas with =5/3 evaluate the Mach number and velocity of helium c Using the h-s diagram, explain the isentropic efficiency of a compressor 5 a With a neat diagram, explain surge in compressors b Explain Chocking in air compressors. c A centrifugal pump, 0.3 m external diameter impeller, has a discharge area of 0.4 m2. The blades are bend backwards so that the direction of the relative velocity at the discharge surface makes an angle of 1450 with the tangent to this surface drawn in the direction of the impeller direction rotation. The diameters of the suction and delivery pipes are 0.3m and 0.24m respectively. Gauges at points on the section and delivery pipes close to the pump and each 1.5m above the level of the supply sump show heads of 3.6 m below and 18.9 above atmospheric pressure when the pump is delivering 204 liters per second of water at 1200 rpm. It requires 72 kw to drive the pump. Find (i) the overall efficiency (ii) the monometric efficiency (iii) loss of head in suction pipe. Assume water enters without shock or whirl. 6 10

06 04 09

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09

A multistage axial flow compressor is designed to deliver 60 kg/s of air developing a stagnation pressure ratio of 6. the inlet stagnation conditions are 105 kpa and 250 C. At inlet, the tip diameter is 800 mm and hub to tip diameter ratio is 0.6. The hub to tip diameters are changed from stage to stage to keep the average meridional velocity and the mean diameter the same from inlet to exit. The stage degree of reaction at the mean diameter is 0.5 and the absolute flow angle measured from the tangential direction is 650 at the exit of the fixed or guide blades for all stages. The speed of rotation is 9000rpm. Find the number of stages, the relative flow angles at inlet and exit of the impeller and the blade height of the last stage. Assume a constant polytropic efficiency of 0.88 and axial velocity at mean diameter is 10% more than the average value. 20 PART-C 7 a A gas turbine draws in air from atmosphere at 1 bar and 100C and