A PROJECT REPORT ON

COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR

Master of Business Administration (MARKETING) Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for award of Master of Business Administration of Tilak Maharashtra University, Pune. Submitted by

QUAZI ZAMEER AHMAD

PRN: 07208013232 Of

PAI International Centre for Management Excellence, Pune

Guided by Prof.Balasubramanian Tilak Maharashtra University Gultekdi, Pune-411037

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
A successful project work is a result of the organized and well coordinated teamwork, so at the completion of the project. I take this opportunity to thank Mr.Avinash Arole (City Head, Pune) & Mr.Vishal Chawda (Channel Manager, Pune) for his valuable advice and direction which he provided to me during the course of my project. I am grateful to our director Prof.R Ganeshan and to all the members & the faculty of college for their constant support and inspiration throughout the lifespan of the project. I express my deep sense of gratitude and sincere thanks to my project guide Prof.Balsubramanian for his constant guidance, co- operation and advice, which is helped me in completing the project successfully. Last but not the least, I would like to thank all my family members and friends for their constant co operation and inspiration and direct or indirect help without which this project could not be completed.

ZAMEER AHMAD QUAZI

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune

PREFACE
The research provides an opportunity to a student to demonstrate application of his/her knowledge, skill and competencies required during the technical session. Research also helps the student to devote his/her skill to analyze the problem to suggest alternative solutions, to evaluate them and to provide feasible recommendations on the provided data. The research is on the topic of COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR. Although I have tried my level best to prepare this report an error free report every effort has been made to offer the most authenticate position with accuracy.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune

Maharashtra Cosmopolitan Education Societys

PAI International Centre For Management Excellence, Pune

DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. The information has been collected from genuine & authentic sources. The work has been submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement of MBA Full Time Program of Tilak Maharashtra University, Pune.

Place: Date:Signature ZAMEER AHMAD QUAZI

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY:As the name of the project indicates comparative study means comparison of two or more things so in this project comparison of Broadband service is happened. This method helps us to identify which product is better as compare to other. In this project I have collected data using survey method through questionnaire. For conducting survey I have visited different areas of PUNE city such as Baner road, Viman Nagar, Aundh, Kothrud & Model Colony. I took a sample size of 100 respondents in a random manner with the duration of 60 days. Project involves comparison four companies of telecom sector such as Bharti Airtel, BSNL, Tata Indicom & Reliance. In the section of review literature I have mentioned introduction of telecom industry, ISP, Broadband and also comparison of Broadband plans of different telecom companies. The research methodology section consists of definition, sources of data and other aspects of research methodology. The most interesting part of the project is data analysis & interpretation. This section is based on primary data. The analysis of the respondents is done with the help of MS-EXCEL software through pie chart & graphs tools. Observation & findings play very important role for determining the conclusion. So in this project also I got the various observations and findings that help me to get the conclusion. But the comparative study is based on the random sampling and there are some other aspects also so it may be inclined to various limitations also. After comparing two or more broadband service I got the conclusion that BSNL is the market leader and Airtel is follow it. I have mentioned some suggestions also which will be going to help Bharti Airtel to enhance the broadband service if they will be implement.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr.no 1 2 Contents Chapter 1. Introduction Chapter 2. Objective of the study Title of the project Objective of the study Scope of the study 3 4 5 Chapter 3. Profile of the company Chapter 4. Review of literature Chapter 5. Research Methodology Research Design Data collection methods/sources Sampling plan 6 7 8 9 Chapter 6. Data Analysis and interpretations Chapter 7. Findings Chapter 8. Limitations Appendix Copies of questionnaire Copies of form Bibliography 46-51 52-53 54-55 58-60 8-17 18-39 40-45 Page Number 1-3 4-7

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

CHAPTER-1

( INTRODUCTION )

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

INTRODUCTION
Comparative research, simply put, is the act of comparing two or more things with a view to discovering something about one or all of the things being compared. This technique is often utilizes multiple disciplines in one study.

When it comes to method, the majority agreement is that there is no methodology peculiar to comparative research. The multidisciplinary approach is good for the flexibility it offers, yet comparative programs do have a case to answer against the call that their research lacks a seamless whole.

There are certainly methods far more common than others in comparative studies, however. Quantitative analysis is much more frequently perused than qualitative, and this is seen in the majority of comparative studies can be use quantitative data.

The general method of comparing things is the same for comparative research as it is in our everyday practice of comparisons. Like cases are treated alike, and cases are treated differently; the extent of difference determines how differently cases are treated. The point here is that if one is able to sufficiently distinguish two cases, comparative research conclusions will not be very helpful.

Secondary analysis of quantitative data is relatively widespread in comparative research, undoubtedly in part because of the cost of obtaining primary data for such large things as a countrys policy environment. A typical method of comparing welfare state is to take balance their levels of spending on social welfare.

In line with how a lot of theorizing has gone in the last century, comparative research does not tend to investigate grand theories such as Marxism. It instead occupies itself with middle-range theories theories that do not purport to describe our social system in its entirely, but a subset of it. A good example of this is the common research programs that looks for differences between two or more social systems, then look at these differences in relation to some other variable coexisting in those societies to see if it is related.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

The classic cases of this is Espying-Andersons research on social welfare systems, and compared them based on there levels of deco modification of social welfare goods. He found that he was able to class welfare states in four types, based on their deco modification. She further theorized from this that deco modification was based on a combination of class collisions and mobilization, and regime legacy. Here EspyingAnderson is using comparative research: he takes many western countries and compared their level of deco modification, then develops a theory of the divergence based on his findings. Comparative research is a methodology in the social sciences that aims to make comparisons across different countries and cultures. A major problem in comparative research is that the data sets in different countries may not use the same categories, or define categories differently.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

CHAPTER-2

(TITLE ,OBJECTIVES & SCOPE OF THE STUDY)

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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TITLE OF THE STUDY:-

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

1. To know general perception of the people towards the Broadband. 2. To find out the hidden information in Broadband plans of telecom services. 3. To find out the consumer satisfaction towards the Broadband plans. 4. To get the knowledge about the Market share of Broadband service providers. 5. To find out the difference in Broadband plans of service providers.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study has been conducted to know the general perception of people towards the Broadband. It helps to clarify how Airtel is different from others and also helps to retain the customer. We come to know about the satisfaction level of customer. This study helps to enhance the quality of service. The study also helps us know the broadband plans of other competitor of Airtel. This project will also help us in decision making while choosing the broadband service.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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CHAPTER-3

(PROFILE OF THE COMPANY)

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 14

Bharti Group started & headed by Mr.Sunil Bharti Mittal in 1976 as a business of bicycle after that he was launched Airtel in 07-07-1995 at Delhi .Bharti Airtel, formerly known as bharti Tele-venture limited (BTVL) is Indias largest Telecom business operator with more than 100 million subscriber as of june2009.It also offers fixed line services and broadband services. It offers its TELECOM services under The Airtel brand The Company also provides telephone services and internet access over DSL in 14 circles. The company complements its mobile, broadband & telephone services with national and international long distance services. The company also has submarine cable landing station at Chennai, which connects the submarine cable connecting Chennai and Singapore. The company provides end-toend data and enterprise services to the corporate customers through national wide fiber optic backbone, last mile connectivity in fixed- line and mobile circles, VASTAs, ISP and international bandwidth access through the gateway and landing station. Airtel is a brand of telecommunication services in India operated by bharti Airtel. Airtel is largest cellular provider in India terms of number of subscribers.
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 15

Airtel is the largest cellular service provider in India in terms of number of subscribers. Bharti airtel owns the airtel brand and provides the following services under the brand name Airtel: mobile services (using GSM technology), broadband & telephone services (fixed line, internet connectivity (DSL) and leased line), long distance services and enterprise services (Telecommunication consulting for corporate). It has presence in all 23 circles of the country and covers 71% of the current population (as of FY2007). Landing international telecommunication companies such as Vodafone and SingTel held partial stake in bharti airtel. In April 2006 bharti global limited was awarded a telecommunication license in jersey in the channel Island by the local telecommunication regulator the JCRA. In September 2006 the office of utility regulation of Guernsey Awarded Guernsey Airtel with a mobile telecommunication license. In 2007 jersey airtel and Guernsey announced the launch of a relationship with Vodafone for island mobile subscribers. In July 2007, bharti airtel signed a MoU with nokia-siemens for a 900 million dollar expansion of its mobile and fixed network. In august 2007 the company announced it will be customized version of Google search engine that will provide an array of services to its broadband customers.

In March 2008, bharti airtel will roll third services in Sri Lanka in association with SingTel. This is because Singapore-based Asian telecom major SingTel, this owns a little over 30%in bharti airtel, is a major player in the 3G space as it has already third generation network in several markets across Asia. ABOUT LOGO

The Airtel logo is a specially drawn woodlark. It incorporate two solids, red rectangular forms whose creates an open doorway. The title of the case is lettering with its capital Areinforces our leadership position. The red dot cues in our focus on innovation. Our logo is a reflection of our identity a confident symbol of a brand that is always ahead of rest always In-touch and on customers side. VISION & PROMISE
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 16

 By 2010 Airtel will be the most admired brand in India

Loved by more customers Targeted by top talent Benchmarked by more businesses We at Airtel always think fresh and innovative ways about the need of our customers and how we went them to feel. We deliver what we promise and go out of our way to delight the customer with a little bit more Bharti tele-venture limited, a part of bharti enterprises, is Indias leading provider of telecommunication services. The business at bharti Tele-venture has been structured into two main strategic business groups and the infidel leaders business group. The mobility business group provides GSM mobile services across the India in twenty three telecom circles, while infidel business group provides broadband and telephone services, long distance services and enterprise services. All these services are provided under the airtel brand.

Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. formed in October, 2000, is World's 7th largest Telecommunications Company providing comprehensive range of telecom services in India: Wireline, CDMA mobile, GSM Mobile, Internet, Broadband, Carrier service, MPLS-VPN, VSAT, VoIP services, IN Services etc. Within a span of five years it has become one of the largest public sector unit in India.BSNL has installed Quality Telecom Network in the country and now focusing on improving it, expanding the network, introducing new telecom services with ICT applications in villages and wining customer's confidence. Today, it has about 47.3 million line basic telephone capacity, 4 million WLL capacity, 20.1 Million GSM Capacity, more than 37382 fixed exchanges, 18000 BTS, 287 Satellite Stations, 480196 Rkm of OFC Cable, 63730 Rkm of Microwave Network connecting 602 Districts, 7330 cities/towns and 5.5 Lakhs villages.
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 17

BSNL is the only service provider, making focused efforts and planned initiatives to bridge the Rural-Urban Digital Divide ICT sector. In fact there is no telecom operator in the country to beat its reach with its wide network giving services in every nook & corner of country and operates across India except Delhi & Mumbai. whether it is an inaccessible area of Siachen glacier and North-eastern region of the country. BSNL serves its customers with its wide bouquet of telecom services. BSNL is numero uno operator of India in all services in its license area. The company offers vide ranging & most transparent tariff schemes designed to suite every customer.BSNL cellular service, CellOne, has more than 17.8 million cellular customers, garnering 24 percent of all mobile users as its subscribers. That means that almost every fourth mobile user in the country has a BSNL connection. In basic services, BSNL is miles ahead of its rivals, with 35.1 million Basic Phone subscribers i.e. 85 per cent share of the subscriber base and 92 percent share in revenue terms. BSNL has more than 2.5 million WLL subscribers and 2.5 million Internet Customers who access Internet through various modes viz. Dial-up, Leased Line, DIAS, and Account Less Internet (CLI). BSNL has been adjudged as the NUMBER ONE ISP in thecountry.

BSNL has set up a world class multi-gigabit, multi-protocol convergent IP infrastructure that provides convergent services like voice, data and video through the same Backbone and Broadband Access Network. At present there are 0.6 million DataOne broadband customers. The company has vast experience in Planning, Installation, network integration and Maintenance of Switching & Transmission Networks and also has a world class ISO 9000 certified Telecom Training Institute. Scaling new heights of success, the present turnover of BSNL is more than Rs.351, 820 million (US $ 8 billion) with net profit to the tune of Rs.99, 390 million (US $ 2.26 billion) for last financial year. The infrastructure asset on telephone alone is worth about Rs.630, 000 million (US $ 14.37 billion). BSNL plans to expand its customer base from present 47 million lines to 125 million lines by December 2007 and infrastructure investment plan to the tune of Rs. 733 crores (US$ 16.67 million) in the next three years The turnover, nationwide coverage, reach, comprehensive range of telecom services and the desire to excel has made BSNL the No. 1 Telecom Company of India.

Vision
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 18

To become the largest telecom Service Provider in Asia.

Mission
To provide world class State-of-art technology telecom services to its customers on demand at competitive prices. To provide world class telecom infrastructure in its area of operation and to contribute to the growth of the country's economy.

Objectives

To be the Lead Telecom Services Provider. To provide quality and reliable fixed telecom service to our customer and thereby increase customer's confidence. To provide mobile telephone service of high quality and become no. 1 GSM operator in its area of operation. To provide point of interconnection to other service provider as per their requirement promptly.

Contribute towards: i. National Plan Target of 500 million subscriber base for India by 2010. ii. Broadband customers base of 20 million in India by 2010 as per Broadband Policy 2004. iii. Providing telephone connection in villages as per government policy.

Implementation of triple play as a regular commercial proposition.

Board of Directors
Chairman & Managing Director - Mr.Kuldeep Goyal
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 19

Director (Operations) - Shri Rajesh Wadhwa

Introduction
Tata Teleservices Limited (TTSL) is a part of the Tata Group of companies, an Indian conglomerate. It runs under the brand name Tata Indicom in India, in various telecom circles of India. The company forms part of the Tata Group's presence in the Telecommunication Industry in India, along with Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra) Limited (TTML) and TATA COMMUNICATIONS LTD.
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 20

In February this year, TTSL announced that it would provide CDMA mobile services targeted towards the youth, in a joint venture with Virgin, UK, on a Franchisee model basis. Company background Tata Teleservices is part of the INR Rs. 2,51,543 Crore (US$ 62.5 billion) Tata Group, that has over 87 companies, over 330,000 employees and more than 2.8 million shareholders. With a committed investment of INR 36,000 Crore (USD $7.5 billion) in Telecom (FY 2006), the Group has a formidable presence across the telecom value chain. Tata Teleservices spearheads the Groups presence in the telecom sector. Incorporated in 1996, Tata Teleservices was the first to launch CDMA mobile services in India with the Andhra Pradesh circle. Starting with the major acquisition of Hughes Telecom (India) Limited [now renamed Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra) Limited] in December 2002, the company swung into an expansion mode. With a total Investment of Rs 19,924 Crore, Tata Teleservices has created a Pan India presence spread across 20 circles that include Andhra Pradesh, Chennai, Gujarat, J & K, Karnataka, Delhi, Maharashtra, Mumbai, North East, Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Bihar, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh (E), Uttar Pradesh (W), Kerala, Kolkata, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal.

Having pioneered the CDMA 3G1x technology platform in India, Tata Teleservices has established a robust and reliable 3G ready telecom infrastructure that ensures quality in its services. It has partnered with Motorola, Ericsson, Lucent and ECI Telecom for the deployment of a reliable, technologically advanced network. The company, which heralded convergence technologies in the Indian telecom sector, is today the market leader in the fixed wireless telephony market with a total customer base of over 3.8 million. Tata Teleservices bouquet of telephony services includes Mobile services, Wireless Desktop Phones, Public Booth Telephony and Wireline services. Other services include
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 21

value added services like voice portal, roaming, post-paid Internet services, 3-way conferencing, group calling, Wi-Fi Internet, USB Modem, data cards, calling card services and enterprise services. Some of the other products launched by the company include prepaid wireless desktop phones, public phone booths, new mobile handsets and new voice & data services such as BREW games, Voice Portal, picture messaging, polyphonic ring tones, interactive applications like news, cricket, astrology, etc. Tata Indicom redefined the existing prepaid mobile market in India, by unveiling their offering Tata Indicom "Non Stop Mobile" which allows customers to receive free incoming calls. Tata Teleservices today has Indias largest branded telecom retail chain and is the first service provider in the country to offer an online channel www.ichoose.in to offer postpaid mobile connections in the country. Today, Tata Teleservices Limited along with Tata Teleservices (Maharashtra) Limited serves over 28 million customers in over 5,000 towns. With an ambitious rollout plan both within existing circles and across new circles, Tata Teleservices offers world-class technology and user-friendly services in 20 circles. Tata Teleservices has also acquired GSM licenses for specific circles in India. Senior Management The Board of Directors for TTSL includes Tata Sons Chairman Mr. Ratan N. Tata, while the company is currently headed by its Managing Director, Mr. Anil Kumar Sardana.

Market Data Tata Indicom in March 2008, crossed the 24 million subscribers mark in the wireless category with an overall subscriber base of over 25 million. It has a current subscriber base of 24.3 million and a 9.33% cumulative market share. Tata Indicom continues to register the highest CAGR at 113% in the wireless segment with a net base of 12.8 million against a starting base of 11.8 million.
PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian. 22

(All figures based on March 2008. Figures Available on AUSPI website) Tata Teleservices also gained the No. 2 slot in terms of Market Share in Delhi NCR region with a subscriber base of 3 million. It beat Vodafone to the No. 2 spot and positioned itself just behind Airtel in the circle.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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Reliance Communications (formerly Reliance Infocomm), along with Reliance Telecom and Flag Telecom, is part of Reliance Communications Ventures (RCoVL). It is an Indian telecommunications company. According to National Stock Exchange data, Anil Dhirubhai Ambani controls 66.77 per cent of the company, which accounts for more than 1.36 billion shares. It is the flagship company of the Reliance-Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group, Comprising of power (Reliance Energy), financial services (Reliance Capital) and telecom initiatives of the Reliance ADAG. It uses CDMA2000 1x technology. RelCom is also into Wireline Business throughout India and has the largest OFC backbone architecture [roughly 110,000 km] in the country. The company also has licenses in the GSM telecom services space for most of the Telecom Circles (zones in layman's words). It currently operates in 8 circles and plans to launch in the others soon. Reliance Communications has interests in Direct to Home (DTH) TV also, known as "Big TV". It plans to launch its DTH business by July 2008. Once launched, RelCom will have presence across all B2C communications channel in one of the fastest growing markets in the world. Reliance Communications is the flagship company of the Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group (ADAG) of companies. Listed on the National Stock Exchange and the Bombay Stock Exchange, it is Indias leading integrated telecommunication company with over 60 million customers. Our business encompasses a complete range of telecom services covering mobile and fixed line telephony. It includes broadband, national and international long distance services and data services along with an exhaustive range of value-added services and applications. Our constant endeavor is to achieve customer delight by enhancing the productivity of the enterprises and individuals we serve. Reliance Mobile (formerly Reliance India Mobile), launched on 28 December 2002, coinciding with the joyous occasion of the late Dhirubhai Ambanis 70th birthday, was among the initial initiatives of Reliance Communications. It marked the auspicious beginning of Dhirubhais dream of ushering in a digital revolution in India. Today, we can proudly claim that we were instrumental in harnessing the true power of information and communication, by bestowing it in the hands of the common man at affordable rates.

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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CHAPTER-4

(REVIEW OF LITERATURE)

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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Telecom Industry in India

The fast track growth of the Indian telecom industry has made it a key contributor to Indias progress. India adopted a phased approach for reforming the telecom sector right from the beginning. Privatisation was gradually introduced, first in value-added services, followed by cellular and basic services. An independent regulatory body, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI), was established to deal with competition in a balanced manner. This gradual and thoughtful reform process in India has favoured industry growth. Today, there are more than 225 million telecom subscribers in India. Every month, 6-7 million new subscribers are added. Upcoming services such as 3G and WiMax will help to further augment the growth rate. Furthermore, the Indian economy is slated to sustain its 7-9 per cent growth rate in the near future. This is supported by the political stability that the country is experiencing currently. Indias demographic outlook makes it one of the largest markets in the world. A conductive business environment is also created by a favourable regulatory regime. There exists enormous business potential for telecom companies on account of the countrys low teledensity, which is close to 19 per cent presently. The Indian telecom industry is growing at the fastest pace in the world and India is projected to be the second largest telecom market globally by 2010.

History of Indian Telecommunications

Started in 1851 when the first operational land lines were laid by the government near Calcutta (seat of British power). Telephone services were introduced in India in 1881. In 1883 telephone services were merged with the postal system. Indian Radio Telegraph Company (IRT) was formed in 1923. After independence in 1947, all the foreign telecommunication companies were nationalized to form the Posts, Telephone and Telegraph (PTT), a monopoly run by the government's Ministry of Communications. Telecom sector was considered as a strategic service and the government considered it best to bring under state's control. The first wind of reforms in telecommunications sector began to flow in 1980s when the private sector was allowed in telecommunications equipment manufacturing. In 1985, Department of Telecommunications (DOT) was established. It was an exclusive provider of domestic and long-distance service that would be its own regulator (separate from the postal system).

PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

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In 1986, two wholly government-owned companies were created the Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited (VSNL) for international telecommunications and Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Limited (MTNL) for service in metropolitan areas. In 1990s, telecommunications sector benefited from the general opening up of the economy. Also, examples of telecom revolution in many other countries, which resulted in better quality of service and lower tariffs, led Indian policy makers to initiate a change process finally resulting in opening up of telecom services sector for the private sector. National Telecom Policy (NTP) 1994 was the first attempt to give a comprehensive roadmap for the Indian telecommunications sector. In 1997, Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) was created. TRAI was formed to act as a regulator to facilitate the growth of the telecom sector. New National Telecom Policy was adopted in 1999 and cellular services were also launched in the same year. Telecommunication sector in India can be divided into two segments: Fixed Service Provider (FSPs), and Cellular Services. Fixed line services consist of basic services, national or domestic long distance and international long distance services. The state operators (BSNL and MTNL), account for almost 90 per cent of revenues from basic services. Private sector services are presently available in selective urban areas, and collectively account for less than 5 per cent of subscriptions. However, private services focus on the business/corporate sector, and offer reliable, high- end services, such as leased lines, ISDN, closed user group and videoconferencing. Cellular services can be further divided into two categories: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA). The GSM sector is dominated by Airtel, Vodafone-Hutch, and Idea Cellular, while the CDMA sector is dominated by Reliance and Tata Indicom. Opening up of international and domestic long distance telephony services are the major growth drivers for cellular industry. Cellular operators get substantial revenue from these services, and compensate them for reduction in tariffs on airtime, which along with rental was the main source of revenue. The reduction in tariffs for airtime, national long distance, international long distance, and handset prices has driven demand. Classification of Telecommunication services Internet Service Provider (ISP) VSATs Radio Paging GMPCS Basic services Cellular services
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PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune I hereby declare that the Project titled COMPARITIVE STUDY OF BROADBAND SERVICES OF TELECOM SECTOR is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Mr. Prof. Balasubramanian.

Internet Service Provider (ISP)

An Internet service provider (ISP, also called Internet access provider, or IAP) is a company that offers its customers access to the Internet. The ISP connects to its customers using a data transmission technology appropriate for delivering Internet Protocol datagrams, such as dial-up, DSL, cable modem, wireless or dedicated highspeed interconnects. ISPs may provide Internet e-mail accounts to users which allow them to communicate with one another by sending and receiving electronic messages through their ISPs' servers. (As part of their e-mail service, ISPs usually offer the user an e-mail client software package, developed either internally or through an outside contract arrangement.) ISPs may provide other services such as remotely storing data files on behalf of their customers, as well as other services unique to each particular ISP. End-User-to-ISP Connection ISPs employ a range of technologies to enable consumers to connect to their network. For users and small businesses, the most popular options include dial-up, DSL (typically Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, ADSL), broadband wireless, cable modem, fiber to the premises (FTTH), and Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (typically basic rate interface). For customers with more demanding requirements, such as medium-to-large businesses, or other ISPs, DSL (often SHDSL or ADSL), Ethernet, Metro Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Frame Relay, ISDN (BRI or PRI), ATM, satellite Internet access and synchronous optical networking (SONET) are more likely to be used. Typical home user connection

Dial-up DSL Broadband wireless access Cable Internet FTTH ISDN Wi-Fi

Typical business type connection

DSL SHDSL Ethernet technologies

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Locality When using a dial-up or ISDN connection method, the ISP cannot determine the caller's physical location to more detail than using the number transmitted using an appropriate form of Caller ID; it is entirely possible to e.g. connect to an ISP located in Mexico from the USA. Other means of connection such as cable or DSL require a fixed registered connection node, usually associated at the ISP with a physical address. ISP Interconnection Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP and/or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to. In the simplest case, a single connection is established to an upstream ISP and is used to transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network; this mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching a Tier 1 carrier. In reality, the situation is often more complex. ISPs with more than one point of presence (PoP) may have separate connections to an upstream ISP at multiple PoPs, or they may be customers of multiple upstream ISPs and may have connections to each one of them at one or more point of presence. Peering ISPs may engage in peering, where multiple ISPs interconnect at peering points or Internet exchange points (IXs), allowing routing of data between each network, without charging one another for the data transmitteddata that would otherwise have passed through a third upstream ISP, incurring charges from the upstream ISP. ISPs requiring no upstream and having only customers (end customers and/or peer ISPs) are called Tier 1 ISPs. Network hardware, software and specifications, as well as the expertise of network management personnel are important in ensuring that data follows the most efficient route, and upstream connections work reliably. A tradeoff between cost and efficiency is possible. Virtual ISP A Virtual ISP (VISP) is an operation which purchases services from another ISP (sometimes called a "wholesale ISP" in this context [1]) which allow the VISPs customers to access the Internet using services and infrastructure owned and operated by the wholesale ISP.

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Free ISP Free ISPs are Internet Service Providers (ISPs) which provide service free of charge. Many free ISPs display advertisements while the user is connected; like commercial television, in a sense they are selling the users' attention to the advertiser. Other free ISPs, often called free nets, are run on a nonprofit basis, usually with volunteer staff. There are also free shell providers and free web hosts.

Broadband
Broadband is defined as a high bandwidth connection to the Internet. Broadband is easier and faster to use than the traditional telephone and modem as information can be sent and downloaded much quicker. Broadband can be provided over your phone line, via cable or via satellite. It involves large volumes of information being carried at high speeds to your PC. This allows websites, text, graphics, music and videos to be experienced in real time. Broadband, therefore, has many features that can be taken advantage of in the home or office:

The connection to the Internet is always on, allowing for constant Internet access and no need to dial up. The phone line is unaffected; this means that you can make telephone calls whilst the Internet is on. Normally, you pay a standard monthly fee for unlimited internet access, and you are not charged for the time you spend on the Internet. There are certain broadband products now that also offer pay as you go access. Websites, music and videos can be downloaded at a fast rate. You can take advantage of instant messaging and online high speed interactive games. You can receive uninterrupted real time services, such as Internet radio, streaming video and voice-over-ip, phone calls.

Broadband can make using the Internet in the home much easier, faster and more efficient. Most businesses also take advantage of broadband to help in running the company. Working from home is now much more feasible thanks to the high speeds that broadband has to offer.

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Types of Broadband
DSL ADSL SDSL LLU Cable Satellite Wireless

DSL Broadband

Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) is a technology that delivers broadband over your phone line to be used in the home or office. With DSL technology, large volumes of information are sent over a copper cable at rapid speeds. DSL allows you to download web pages, text, graphics, music and video in real time.

ADSL Broadband

Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) is a technology similar to the DSL technology. With ADSL, information is downloaded more rapidly than it is uploaded. ADSL is particularly useful for homes and businesses as it can download web pages and files at fast speeds. ADSL2 and ADSL2+ are new technologies offered by some providers offering speed up to 24Mbps. One provider offering this service is Be

Symmetric Broadband (SDSL)

Symmetric broadband (SDSL) is a technology similar to ADSL broadband. SDSL broadband downloads information at the same speed as it uploads information. Whereas ADSL broadband downloads the information faster than it uploads it. This type of broadband requires an extra telephone line. SDSL broadband is particularly suitable for businesses that send large volumes of information.

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Local Loop Unbundling

Local Loop Unbundling (LLU) is where ADSL or SDSL broadband technologies are provided without using the British Telecom's exchange system. This means that LLU providers can offer broadband features at a competitive price. LLU is only available in certain parts of UK. Providers include Bulldog and Be.

Cable Broadband

There are several ways in which broadband can be delivered to your PC; this type of broadband is delivered through a cable. Cable companies also offer television and telephone packages as well as broadband Internet services. Cable companies provide broadband, television or phone packages to about 45% of homes and businesses in the UK. You can only get cable broadband if a company has cabled your street. Cable providers include ntl.

Satellite Broadband

There are several ways in which broadband can be delivered to your PC, PC; this type of broadband is delivered through a satellite. To receive satellite broadband you must have a dish antenna, and can be used almost everywhere in the UK. There are 2 types of satellite services: One-way satellite services download information via satellite and upload information via a telephone or IDSN line. Two-way satellite services download and upload information via satellite. This provides an even higher bandwidth and a faster speed. Satellite transmission may be affected by weather conditions. The cost of installing and running satellite broadband can be quite expensive compared with other types of broadband. Satellite broadband generally has quite high latency (ping times) compared to other broadband, and so is unsuitable for certain types of Internet Access such as online gaming.

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Wireless Broadband

Wireless broadband is one of the ways in which broadband can be delivered to your PC. This type of broadband requires an antenna to be installed to get connection to the Internet. Wireless broadband is particularly suitable for distributing information between buildings and for homes where access to ADSL or cable broadband is unavailable.

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Benefits What will it enable you to do?

Broadband has many key features that can make using the Internet more relaxing, enjoyable and useful. By speeding up what you do online it can make a real difference in your everyday life, whether it be at home or in the workplace. 1. Fast speeds, with broadband your Internet is much faster than the conventional dial-up connection. A 1Mb service can send and receive information up to 20 times faster than a dial-up connection. 2. Large volumes of data can be transferred, the high bandwidths that broadband has to offer means that large amounts of data can be sent and received by your PC at a fast rate. 3. Your Internet is always on, this means that you don't have the hassle or dialing up or logging on every time you want to access the Internet. 4. Your telephone line is unaffected, so you can make phone calls from your landline whilst the Internet is running. There is no need to disconnect the internet when you want to make a telephone call. 5. No surprise charges, broadband providers often charge a standard monthly fee depending on what package you get. This means that you can pay for unlimited Internet access, you do not get charged for the time you spend on the Internet. 6. Download websites almost instantly, you can enjoy complex web pages with detailed graphics without having to wait for them to load up. 7. Download music and videos, avoid the queues at the shops by purchasing music and videos online. Downloads can be made online at a fast rate, and you don't even have to leave your house. 8. Interact with others in real time, through instant messaging or online interactive games, you can communicate with friends and family around the world. 9. Running your business, the fast speeds that broadband has to offer and increased volume of data transfer can be used to help a business run more rapidly, efficiently and productively. 10.Working from home, broadband has led to much faster and efficient communication. This has opened up the opportunity for many people to work from home. 11.Free phone calls, you can make free phone calls to other online users using services such as Skype. 12.File sharing, P2P files haring for exchanging music, videos etc

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Speed
There are many different broadband packages available, each offering a particular speed. Before purchasing your broadband package, it is important to understand which broadband speed best meets your requirements. What is broadband speed?

Broadband speed, otherwise known as bandwidth, is how much digital information can be received over the line in the form of binary digits. Speed and bandwidth are measured in kilobits per second (Kbps) and megabits per second (Mbps). Do not get these confused with kilobytes and megabytes, these are measurements used when talking about hard drive space, not broadband speed. (Occasionally Kilobytes and Megabytes are used when comparing file transfer speed as well 8 bits = 1 byte, so 1mbps = 0.125 Mbps) The higher the speed or bandwidth, the faster the Internet connection.

Finding the speed to suit you

Different speeds suit different purposes. For example, video and music streaming requires a greater bandwidth compared with viewing a website. The different speeds that are available with broadband are: If you only use the Internet for viewing websites and sending emails, the 256Kbps speed is most likely to suit you. You cannot get the best out of music and video streaming, but this speed may be sufficient for low intensity users. Speeds ranging from 512Kbps and 1Mbps give a good performance in music and video streaming, streaming; they are also suitable speeds for the less demanding online games. These speeds are the most popular in homes and small businesses because they offer the best balance between price and performance. If you download a lot of music and video files, play demanding online games or share the Internet connection between many users, the faster speeds may suit you. The higher speeds range from 2Mbps to 10Mbps.

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Broadband Speed

256Kbps - This speed is appropriate for viewing most websites, taking about 3 seconds for the website to load. This speed is about 5 times faster than the speed given with a 56Kbps dial-up Internet connection. 512Kbps - This is the most common speed used in homes and small businesses. It takes 1.6 seconds for a website to load and about 1.5 minutes to download a 5 minute music file at maximum speed. This speed is suitable for video and music streaming and for viewing most websites. 1Mbps - This speed is also commonly used amongst homes and small businesses. It is appropriate for website viewing, streaming and online gaming. It takes 0.8 seconds to load a web page and about 40 seconds to download a 5 minute music file at maximum speed. 2Mbps - This and faster speeds are more suitable for people who play a lot of demanding online games. It is also suitable for people who share one Internet connection between many PC-s. It takes 0.4 seconds to load a website and about 20 seconds to download a 5 minute music file at maximum speed. 8Mbps (ADSL Max) - Many providers are now offering this option. It is a variable speed product where your provider will give you the maximum speed that your line can support (up to 8mbps) and the upload speeds are also increased. 24Mbps (ADSL2+) - Ultra fast broadband offered by some providers (Cable up to 10mbps). The speed of your broadband will depend on how close you are to the exchange, the quality of the copper and whether there is any interference from other devices or users. If you are very close to the exchange, there is no line noise and the quality of copper is good you will receive 24Mbps, otherwise you will receive the best speed up to this. These high speed services are particularly good for watching real-time DVD quality films.

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Comparision Broadband Plans:Airtel Broadband Connection

You can avail both postpaid as well as prepaid broadband schemes with Airtel. You get a landline from the company and can avail a host of various packages as per convenience and requirements. The initial costs of packages start from 444 INR each month and extend to around 1000 or more, depending on download limits, speed requirements etc. Speeds for the 444 INR tariff package are at 256 Kbps and include a limited browsing option of 25 hours in a month. However, the more flexible option of unlimited downloads are available at a monthly rental of 1000 INR. The speeds are excellent and service quality is also extremely good.

Airtel Broadband Connection Plans

NEW UNLIMITED PLANS MONTHLY RENTAL Rs 649 899 1099 1399 FREE BRODBAND USAGE UNLIMITED UNLIMITED UNLIMITED UNLIMITED SPEED FCV ON EXTRAUSAGE LANDLINE Rs Rs/MB NA 100 NA 100 NA 100 NA NA

128 kbps 256 kbps 384 kbps 512 kbps

LIMITED PLANs MONTHLY RENTAL Rs 550 698 799 1199 FREE BRODBAND USAGE 3GB 5GB 8GB 15GB SPEED EXTRAUSAGE LANDLINERs Rs/MB 512kbps 512kbps 1mbps 2mbps
0.60/MB 0.60/MB 0.60/MB 0.60/MB

FCVON

100 150 NA NA

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NIGHT UNLIMITED PLANS:MONTHLY RENTEL Rs 698 798 FREE SPEED BRODBAND(10PM to 8am unlimited) 3 GB + Night Utd 5 GB + Night Utd 256 kbps 512 kbps EXTRAUSAGE FCV ON LANDLINERs Rs/MB 0.60/ MB 0.60/ MB 150 150

SPEACIAL DISCOUNT ON HALF YEARLY PACK: FAST ISTALLATION NO SECURITY DEPOSITE NO MONTHLY RENT FOR MODEM OR WI FI ROUTER FREE TELEPHONE INSTRUMENT

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Reliance Broadband Connection

This broadband connection is unfortunately not available in all cities of India. However, the download speeds are good and you get a high quality of service from Reliance. You can avail both postpaid and prepaid plan packages that come with various plans like Data Transfer, Flat Fee, Night Unlimited and many others. The starting price of the internet packages is around 900 INR each month and you get access to multiple user facility as well. Maximum download speeds can even be 4 Mbps. There is an initial installation fee involved of 1000 INR and you get 50 MB of storage space free of cost along with 2 email IDs of Ricmail.com.

Reliance Broadband Connection Plans

Fast, affordable and flexible- Data Transfer - Pay per Mb Plans (Authenticated)

One connection can be used for multiple PCs Pay only for the data transferred (upload + download) Data transfer measured in KB Enjoy high speeds up to 4 Mbps. Download Speeds * 1 Mbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 2 Mbps 4 Mbps Monthly Rental (Rs.) 900 1199 1999 2999 4999 8999 10000 Bundled Usage 2 GB 8 GB 12 GB 20 GB 35 GB 75 GB 75 GB Additional Usage / MB Rs. 0.8 Rs. 0.8 Rs. 0.8 Rs. 0.5 Rs. 0.5 Rs. 0.5 Rs. 0.5

Service Plan 900 Plan 1199 Plan 1999 Plan 2999 Plan 4999 Plan 8999 Plan 10000

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Flat Fee Plans (Unauthenticated):

One connection can be used for multiple PCs Unlimited downloads and use at a fixed monthly charge True always-on connectivity. No login or authentication required for accessing the Internet. Download Speeds * 150 Kbps 300 Kbps 600 Kbps 1 Mbps Monthly Rental (Rs.) 1100 1500 2700 4500 Bundled Usage Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited Additional Usage / MB Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable

Service Plan 1100 Plan 1500 Plan 2700 Plan 4500

Please note: (applicable for both plans)

Two Ricmail.com Email IDs with storage space of 50 MB each free with every Broad net SME connection Installation charges of Rs. 500 extra Refundable security deposit (Only for pay per MB plans) - Rs. 1000 All taxes including Service Tax extra as applicable SMTP relay option available.

Static IP

Each Static IP is charged @ Rs. 2000 p.a. Available in the slabs of 1,5,13 via MACD only for both Usage based and Flat Fee plans. Maximum static IP permissible 13. *Speeds indicated are only up to our ISP Node and are given on best effort basis as per TRAI guidelines.

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BSNL Broadband Connection

This broadband connection is in tandem with existing BSNL landlines. If you do not have an existing landline from BSNL, you will need to pay advance sums and get it booked. Once you have the landline, you need to apply for a broadband connection. You can select from business or home connections. The prices of the packages will differ. For example, in the home connection only one user can access while in business connection a multiple user option is available. There isnt much that one can hope for in terms of the download speed as it occurs from underground cables. In fact, BSNL broadband connection has one of the poorest download speeds amongst all other service providers. Package pricing starts from 250 INR in a month and upwards. This is inclusive of download speeds extending between 256 Kbps to around 2 Mbps. You can download files of maximum size 1 GB. You can also access diverse services using BSNL broadband like video conferencing facility, VPN, broadcast application, multicasting etc. BSNL Broadband Connection Plans BSNL Broadband is the Broadband service of BSNL. This service is being provided on existing copper wire infrastructure. In addition to the High Speed Internet Service being provided through this technology, other services such as VPN, Multicasting, Video Conferencing, Video-on-Demand, Broadcast application etc have also been added. Your browser does not support inline frames or is currently configured not to display inline frames. Terms and conditions:

Security deposit and installation charges for Landline telephone shall be taken from new customers as applicable for Local/STD/ISD; No security deposit for Broadband Connections up to Plan 500 and for CICs on bulk connections (>25) subject to an undertaking by CIC. Security Deposit for all higher Broadband plans will be equivalent to One Month Fixed Charges (but Max. Rs 5000/-). Security Deposit & Fixed Monthly Charges for the Modem will be as per the existing instructions; Minimum Hire period for all Broadband plans will be one month. In case of surrender of Broadband Connection after one month, the charges shall be recovered on pro-rata basis

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In case of premature surrender of Broadband Annual plan option, the charges shall be adjusted on pro-rata basis taking the disconnected FMC rate. In addition one month full FMC shall be levied as early termination charges hence forth. In case a subscriber joins/ leaves in the middle of a month, the fixed monthly charges for unlimited Broadband Plans shall be calculated on proportionate basis i.e. actual number of days of connection working subject to the commitment of minimum period of hire. The customer will have choice to select the modem type of his choice but subject to availability; For the customers, who have either procured the modem or have taken the modem under the committed period plan, the modem charges shall not be applicable; For the broadband plans, where free modem is offered to the customer, will be subject to that the customer commits for a period of 12 months and pays the necessary charges in advance. In this case, the modem shall be the property of the customer and will not be required to return in case of surrender. Home plan can be taken on Bfones in name of Government/company but actually working at residences of their employees. An undertaking shall have to be given by the customer in this regard. Subscribers having telephones in the name of Company, firms, shops, educational institutes or any other commercial entity can take only Business Plan. They are not eligible for Home Plan except startup plan 250; The tariff of all the Broadband plans mentioned above are in addition to the normal Monthly charges/ usage charges of the Bfone except combo plans; The plans HomeFlexi350, HomeCombo199 and HomeCombo299 will be implemented w.e.f. 1-8-2008 only where spare capacity of landline and broadband service is available. 20% discount on Broadband services (usage and Rental) to Government Employees (Central Government/ State Government/ PSUs) and to Visually Impaired customers of both existing / new connection. The rebate in Fixed Monthly charges will be granted on proportionate basis if the Broadband services remain interrupted/ faulty for continuous more than 3 days. For all the plans, Dynamic IP addresses only will be given. In case, where the provision of static IP address has been made, No Static IP addresses will be given in the initial phase but in later One Static IP address will be offered free of cost under Business plan 3000/5000/9000/UL3300/UL3300Plus/UL6000/UL 6000 plus and in addition to this, one additional static IP address can also be offered @ Rs. 1500/- per annum under these plans. For Broadband plans Business UL9000/UL9000plus/UL15000 & UL15000plus, the uplinking will be maximum up to 768 kbps Billing for the service will be included in the normal B-fone (Land-line Phone) bill. The billing cycle shall be same as Bfone billing cycle. Monthly rental will be collected in advance and usages charges will be in arrears. The tariffs mentioned above are exclusive of service tax.
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General Home Plans

Particulars Home 125 256 Kbps/ Up to 2Mbps 125 1250 150 MB Home 250 256 Kbps/ Up to 2Mbps 250 2500 1.0 GB Tariff in Rs. Home 500 Home 1000 256 384 Kbps/Up to Kbps/ 2Mbps Up to 2Mbps 500 1000 5000 2.5 GB 10000 5 GB Home 1800 512 Kbps/ Up to 2Mbps 1800 18000 10 GB Home 3300 2 Mbps

Bandwidth (wherever technically feasible) Monthly Charges (Rs) Annual Charges (Rs) Free Download/Upload Limit (GB) per month Additional Usage Charges/MB beyond free download/upload limit (Rs) Free E-mail IDs/Space (Per Email ID) Night Unlimited (0200-0800 Hrs) Fixed Monthly Charges for Telephone (Rs) Free Calls Charges Beyond Free Calls Limits (Rs) Maximum Usages Charges for BB inclusive of FMC

3300 33000 20 GB

0.90

0.90

0.80

0.80

0.70

0.70

1/5 MB

1/5 MB

1/5 MB

1/5 MB

1/5 MB

2/5 MB

No As per Existing Plan

No As per Existing Plan

Yes As per Existing Plan

Yes As per Existing Plan

Yes As per Existing Plan

Yes As per Existing Plan

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

NA

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* For Plan Business4000/Business15000 committed period for free Home Business HOWI HO BU BUWI BUWI BUWI 1000 WI WI 8000 12000 20000 1800 4400 Bandwidth 256 512 256 512 1024 2048 Kbps Kbps Kbps Kbps Kbps Kbps Single/ Multi SU SU MU MU MU MU user (SU/MU) One time 750 750 750 750 750 750 Installation Charges (Rs.)* Fixed 1000 1800 4400 8000 12000 20000 Monthly Charges* (Rs.) Discounted 10000 18000 44000 80000 120000 200000 Annual Payment Option (Rs.)* Free Email 2/5 2/5 2/5 2/5 4/5 4/5 MB IDs/ Space MB MB MB MB MB (Per email ID) Dl/UL limit Unlimited per month Security One months Fixed Monthly Charges Deposit Particulars

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Tata Communications
Tata Communications' portfolio of services includes transmission, IP, converged voice, mobility, managed network connectivity, hosted data centre, communications solutions and business transformation services across the globe, along with communication services to residential customers. The group offers connectivity in over 200 countries across the world via its global network and offers customer services from offices located in 80 different cities in 40 countries. Its presence in diverse locations automatically creates a strong business continuity plan for the company while serving a global clientele. Tata Communications has also made significant and strategic investments in various telecom companies in South Africa, Nepal and Sri Lanka to strengthen its market position in its target markets in Asia and Africa.

Postpaid Plans

Installation* (Rs.)

Security Deposit (Rs.)

Standard Charges With 4 Months Advance Rental

1,000 Zero

1,000 Zero

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Unlimited & Volume based Plans

Unlimited Plans

Speed

Free Data Transfer

Monthly Free Value Added Access Services# Charges (Valid for 1 Year) (Rs.)

Infinity 384 Kbps Infinity 512 Kbps

384 Kbps 512 Kbps

Unlimited 1,000 Unlimited 1,500

Infinity 1Mbps

1 Mbps

Unlimited 2,500

PC Security Shield License PC Security Shield License 1 Domain Name Registration 1 Business Mail Id PC Security Shield License 1 Domain Name Registration 3 Business Mail Ids

Volume Based Plans

Speed (Min/ Max

Free Data Transfer (MB)

Monthly Access Charges (Rs.) 1,060

Additional Usage Charges (Rs./MB) 1.00

Business Plus 5000

256 Kbps/ 2 Mbps 5,000

Business Plus 8000

256 Kbps/ 2 Mbps 8,000

1,550

1.00

Free Value Added Services# (Valid for 1 Year) PC Security Shield License PC Security Shield License

Business Plus 20000 256 Kbps/ 2 Mbps 20,000

3,400

0.75

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CHAPTER-5

(RESEARCH METHODOLOGY)

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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Definition of Research
The word research is derived from the Latin word meaning to know. It is a systematic and a replicable process, which identifies and defines problems, within specified boundaries. It employs well-designed method to collect the data and analysis the results. It disseminates the findings to contribute to generalize able knowledge. The characteristics of research presented below will be examined in greater details later are: Systematic problem solving which identifies variables and tests relationships between them, Collecting, organizing and evaluating data. Logical, so procedures can be duplicated or understood by others Empirical, so decisions are based on data collected Reductive, so it investigates a small sample which can be generalized to a larger population Replicable, so others may test the findings by repeating it. Discovering new facts or verify and test old facts. Developing new scientific tools, concepts and theories, this would facilitate to take decision. For the proper analysis of data simple statistical techniques such as percentage were use. It helps in making more generalization from the data available. The data which was collected from a sample of population was assumed to be representing entire population was interest. Demographic factors like age, income and educational background was used for the classification purpose.

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Sample size
For carrying out any research or study on any subject it is very difficult to cover even 10% of the total population. Therefore the sample size has to be decided for a meaningful conclusion. For designing the sample size, it was thought proper to cover a very small percentage of population in various age groups.

The method used for sample technique was non probability convenience sampling method. This method is used because it is known previously as to whether a particular person will be asked to fill the questionnaire. Convenient sampling is used because only those people will be asked to fill the questionnaires that were easily accessible and available to the researcher.

Considering the constraints, it was decided to conduct the study based on sample size of 100 people in specific age groups. Scientific method is not adopted in this study because of financial constraints and also because of lack of time; also the basic aim of doing the research is academic, hence most convenient way is selected.

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Sources of data
A) PRIMARY SOURCES Primary data are those data, which are collected originally for the first time. For collecting primary data planning, time, money and energy will be require. The merits of primary data are that it is authentic and reliable. For this study, primary data was collected through survey conducted in PUNE. Primary sources include direct personal investigation and indirect oral Investigation.

B) SECONDARY SOURCES Secondary data are those data which has been already collected this kind of pre-collected information is usually not related and is quite unconnected to the present matter of study or the current requirement the secondary information is usually in the form of some published or semi published material and easily available. For this study, secondary data was collected through internet, company brochure, and company booklet and also from standard book of marketing.

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Primary data collection

A) RESERCH TECHNIQUE

For collecting primary data, research technique. I have used in my project report was direct personal investigation and indirect oral investigation.

B) CONTACTED METHOD

In order to collect primary data I have conducted a survey and target respondent were contacted personally.

C) SAMPALING PLAN 1. Population To achieve the objective of the includes Students, businessman and professionals. 2. Sample size From the above mention population the total sample size 100 was selected. 3. Sample unit PUNE City. 4. Sample extent For conducting survey I have visited different areas of PUNE city which are as under: Baner road Viman Nagar Aundh Kothrud Model Colony 5. Sample duration: 60 days. research, target population

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TYPES & TECHNIQUES

The study conducted is a conclusive descriptive statistical study; the researcher comes to the decision which is precise and rational. The study is conclusive because after doing the study the researcher comes to a conclusion regarding the position of the brand in the minds of respondents of different firms groups. The study is statistical because throughout the study all the similar samples are selected and group together. All the similar responses are taken together as one and their percentages are calculated.

Thus, this, conclusive descriptive statistical study is the best study for this purpose as it provides the necessary information which is utilize to arrive at a concrete decision.

TOOLS USED
To know the response I have used the questionnaire method in sample survey. If one wishes to find what people think or know, the logical procedure is to ask them. This has lead marketing researchers to use the questionnaire technique for collecting data more than any other method.

In this method questionnaire were distributed to the respondents and they were asked to answer the questions in the questionnaire. The questionnaires were structured nondisguised questionnaire because the questions, which the questionnaire contained, were arranged in a specific order besides every question asked was logical for the study; no question can be termed as irrelevant.

The questionnaire, were non-disguised because the questionnaire were constructed so that the objective is clear to the respondent. The respondents were aware of the objective. They knew why they asked to fill the questionnaire.

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CHAPTER -6

( DATA ANLYSIS AND INTERPRETATIONS )

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DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATION

1. The number of respondents using telecom service. Option Mobile Broadband Both Percentage 55 40 04

It has been observed that maximum numbers of respondents use Mobile service.

2. The number of respondents using broadband services of different companies. Airtel BSNL Reliance Tata indicom Other 29 34 16 17 04

As per the graph we found the maximum number of respondents using BSNL service. It means BSNL is on 1st position and Airtel is on 2nd position.

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3. The number respondents using two types of service. Options Prepaid Postpaid Percentage of respondents 10 90

The above graph shows maximum number of people using postpaid service.

4. The types of plans used by the respondents. Option Unlimited Limited Night Unlimited Percentage of respondents 60 15 25

According to above graph the maximum numbers of respondents using Unlimited Plan while other using limited or night unlimited with less percentage.

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5. These are the number of respondents satisfied with the monthly rental of Broadband plan.

Option

Yes No

Percentage of respondents 64 36

It has been observed from above graph that the most of the people are satisfied from monthly rental plan. 6. These are facilities attracts number of respondents for Broadband plan? Option Speed Good Service Night Tariff Low Cost Percentage of respondents 16 9 11
64

According to above graph Speed facility attracts more as compare to good service, Night plan & low cost. PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune 56

7. These are the respondents satisfied with the existing Broadband plan.

Option

Percentage of respondents 78

Yes

No

22

It has been found that 76% of respondents are satisfied with the existing broadband plan while 22% are not satisfied.

8. These are the number of respondents has given their rate of the satisfaction level with the services of present Broadband plan. Option Fully satisfied Satisfied Average Dissatisfied Highly dissatisfied Percentage of respondents 14 47 27 8 2

Highly dissatisfied 2%

Dissatisfied 2% Average 30%

Fully satisfied 15%

Satisfied 51%

From the above graph we come to know only 15% respondents are fully satisfied while 51% respondents are only satisfied. PAI International Center for Management Excellence, Pune 57

9. These are the number of respondents choose their Broadband plan because of following reason. Option For landline purpose only For money saving For the facilities provided in the plan Percentage of respondents 23

48

29

According to above graph most of the respondents using Broadband because of money saving reason.

10. These are the no. of respondents if they will get other service provider provides you better service will change existing one?

Option

Percentage of respondents 78

Yes

No

22

It has been found that the most of the people wants to change their existing plan if they will get better service option.

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CHAPTER -7

( OBSERVATION & FINDING )

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OBSERVATION & FINDINGS

55% of the people use only mobile, and 5% people use Broadband but 40% of respondents used both the services. It shows the popularity of Broadband is less as compare to mobile service. 34% of respondents are using the BSNL services, which is the highest percentage of users of Broadband. Airtel takes 2nd place in Pune with 29% of users. Then comes reliance and Tata indicom, and other having least customers in the Pune. Postpaid service is most popular in the Broadband services with 90% of customers. The remained uses prepaid services. In current situation 66% of respondents are using Unlimited plans, where the rest are using Night unlimited & limited plan of the cellular companies. 64% of respondents are satisfied with the monthly rates of the Broadband plans; it is because telecom companies have slashed their usage l rates few months ago. Still in this situation 36% of respondents did not satisfy with monthly rates which service they are using. In the Broadband plan of cellular companies most of the respondents are using this service because of its Low cost with 64% of answer. Where 16% of people like this services because of its speed and other for good service. 78% of customer satisfied with the Broadband plans of cellular companies, and which are not satisfy with the service they are mostly BSNL and TATA indicom users. Most of the people are using Broadband services because of money savings with the percentage of 48%. Where 29% of people like this service because of the facilities provided by the operators. And 23% of people are using this service because of landline purpose only. When I was asked question if other service provider provides you better option will you change your existing service then 78% says Yes while remaining 22% says No, Why because people want good service in a cheapest cost .

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CHAPTER -8

( LIMITATIONS )

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LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The research was conducted in a limited area. The internet information can be irrelevant. Time was major constraint. The respondents were limited so it cannot be treated as a whole population. The respondents may be biased. Due to language problem respondents were unable to understand the questionnaire and it may cause misleading results.

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CONCLUSIONS
In Pune it is found that BSNL is the market leader. But people like the Broadband plans provided by the other companies. And Airtel is having 2nd highest customers in Pune. Other Service providers having least customers in Pune, where Reliance and Tata Indicom having almost equal percent of customers. People are more cautious about money and service only.

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SUGGESTIONS
In the Broadband plans of telecom sector, companies should reduce the usage rates. So that company will be able to capture the market share. They should provide other facilities like credit usage facility according to seniority of customer. They should make aware the customers that they have limited license period. They should not take other hidden charges.
They should work to improve on fast service.

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ANNEXURES

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Questionnaire
Name Age 1)18-40 1) Male 2)41-70 2) Female 3) Post graduate 3)70 above

Sex -

Education-

1) Under graduate 2) Graduate 4) Other

Q1. Which telecom service do you use? a) Cellular b) Broadband

c) Both

Q2. Which company provides you broadband service? a) Airtel b) Reliance c) BSNL e) Tata indicom d) other Q3. Which service you r using? a) Prepaid b) Postpaid Q4. Which plan you are using? a) Unlimited b) Limited

b) Night unlimited

Q5. Are you satisfied with the monthly rental of your Broadband plan? a) Yes b) No Q6. Which facility attracts you most in the Broadband plan? a) Speed b) Good service c) Night Tariff d) Validity Q7 Are you satisfied with the Broadband plan which you are using? a) Yes b) No Q8. Rate the satisfaction level with the services of your Broadband plan? a) Fully satisfied b) Satisfied c) Average d) Dissatisfied e) Highly dissatisfied Q9. Why you chose Broadband plan? a) For landline purpose only b) For commercial saving c) For the facilities provided in the plan

Q10.If other service provider provides you better service will change existing one? a) Yes b) No

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BIBLOGRAPHY

1) Books: Philip Kotler, Marketing management prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. C. R. Kothari Research methodology, Vishwa publication, New Delhi. 2) Articles & journals 3)Web Resources: http;//www.trai.gov.in http://www.tataindicom.com http://www.rcom.co.in http://www.ideacellular.com http://www.bsnl.co.in
http;//www.airtel.in

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