Check for Performance of Building Designed with NBC and IS Codes

TASKS
Study of IAEE Manual( Guidelines for Earthquake Resistant Non-Engineered Construction) Comments on Existing NBC 205 Nonlinear static analysis of Building designed with NBC 205,105 and IS 1893,2002 for life safety criteria Recommendations for further work

Methodology

Select Building Code NBC 105/IS 1893,2002

NBC 205

Prepare Analysis Building Model

Select Design load level and Load factors from Selected code Analyze building and design as per selected code Produce Beam and column Reinforcement detailing

Methodology
Development of Pushover hinges for Beam and column Select Codal Response spectra and evaluate Spectra parameter Ca, Cv Nonlinear Static ,Pushover analysis Determine, Capacity Curve, Demand Curve and Performance point Life safety Criteria? Does not Meet

Increase design force level, Modification in codal provision

Repeat the whole process till satisfaction of Life safety criteria

Methodology

Need to upgrade performance level?

No

Use Codal spectra for design of representative nos of models Compile detailing outputs And recommend in NBC 205

Upgrade Codal Response spectra and evaluate Spectra parameter Ca, Cv Compile detailing outputs And recommend in NBC 205 Use this spectra for design of representative nos of models Repeat Nonlinear Static ,Pushover analysis Determine, Capacity Curve, Demand Curve and Performance point Life safety Criteria Does not Meet

Increase design force level, Modification in codal provision Repeat the whole process till satisfaction of Life safety criteria

Recommend New Design Response spectrum curve and load factors

Nonlinear Static Pushover analysis

UN F Vb
Push-over Curve Load Vs. Deflection

UN Vb

Analysis Building Model

3.35 m 5X 3 Bays Vertical Loadings are confirming to NBC 102, 103 Steel :Fe 415

3.5 m

4.5 m

Performance check for Building Detailed with NBC 205

Beam Detailing , NBC 205

Beam Detailing , NBC 205

Beam Size: 230 X 325

Column Detailing, NBC 205

NBC 205, Column Detailing

Pushover Hinges; beam moment

M/My B A C E D Curvature/SF

Yield Moment, My : From Analysis of section with Material partial factor of safety = 1 Steel ultimate strength = 1.25*steel yield strength Hysteresis Type: Isotropic

Column Hinge
Column hinge is based up on Interaction diagram of column Removing partial factor of safety for concrete and steel Ultimate strength of steel = 1.25*yield strength{ Fema 356}

Selection of Response Spectra

300 YRS Return Period PGA Distributions

Response Spectra Parameter: Ca, Cv

Ground Acceleration, Ca = 0.32g Structural Response ,Acceleration at 1 sec, Cv =0.4g

0.32 g*2.5 =0.8g

NBC Fits Response spectra with IS Response spectra: 0.32 g 0.32 g*2.5/2 =0.4 g

Pushover Analysis Output, PUSH X

Just before Structural instability: Total nos of elastic hinge: 198 Nos Total Immediate occupancy Hinge: 114 Nos Total life safety hinge: 6 nos Total Collapse prevention hinge: 14 Nos Column Need to be strong for avoiding Collapse prevention hinge in column

IO

LS

ATC 40, Global Building Acceptability Limits

Top Story Displacement limits 0.01*10050 =100.5 mm 100.5mm to 201 mm

0.33*0.08 =0.0264 265.32 mm

ATC 40 Capacity Spectrum; Earthquake: 300 Years of Return period

Push X

Earthquake: 300 years Return period Target base shear: 923.544 KN Target Displacement: 127.27 mm Corresponding Inter story Drift: 127.27/(10050)=0.013 < 0.02( Damage control,0.01 to 0.02) Life Safety Limit is ensured for 300 Years Return period

PUSHX, Capacity Curve and Elastic Response

I 0 L E I D

L S L

C P L

Ductility Demand > Available Ductility => For Higher earthquake there will be no ductility

Pushover Analysis Output, PUSH Y

Just before Structural instability: Total nos of elastic hinge: 204 Nos Total Immediate occupancy Hinge: 24 Nos Total life safety hinge: 2 nos Total Collapse prevention hinge: 30 Nos Column Need to be strong for avoiding Collapse prevention hinge

IO

LS

ATC 40, Capacity Spectrum Earthquake: 300 Years of Return period

Earthquake: 300 years Return period Target base shear: 929.51 KN Target Displacement: 125.561 mm Corresponding Inter story Drift: 125.561/(10050)=0.0125 < 0.02( Damage control,0.01 to 0.02) Life Safety Limit is ensured for 300 Years Return period

PUSHY Capacity Curve and Elastic response

I 0 L E I D

L S L

C P L

Ductility Demand > Available Ductility => For Higher earthquake there will be no ductility

Check For NBC205 Designed Building For 500 YRS RP Earthquake

500 YRS RP Ground Acceleration Distributions

26

27

500 Yrs Response Spectra Parameter: Ca, Cv

Ground Acceleration, Ca = 0.36g Structural Response, Acceleration at 1 sec, Cv =0.45g

0.36 g*2.5 =0.9g

0.36 g 0.36 g*2.5/2 =0.45g

ATC40 Capacity Spectra for 500 yrs return period Earthquake

PUSH X

Capacity Curve and Demand curve do not meet: This is due to formation of collapse prevention hinges in columns and high seismic loading both

ATC40 Capacity Spectra for 500 yrs return period Earthquake

PUSH X

Capacity Curve and Demand curve do not meet: This is due to formation of collapse prevention hinges in columns and high seismic loading both

Check for Performance of NBC105 Designed Building : 300 YRS RP Earthquake Response Spectra

NBC 105, Seismic Load

NBC 105, Seismic Force Distribution

304.03 KN 218.21 KN 54.55 KN

NBC105; End Beam Design Output

Beam: 230 X 350

Column Design Output, NBC105

Response Spectra Parameter: Ca, Cv For 300 YRS RP

Ground Acceleration, Ca = 0.32g Structural Response ,Acceleration at 1 sec, Cv =0.4g

0.32 g*2.5 =0.8g

0.32 g 0.32 g*2.5/2 =0.4 g

ATC 40, Capacity Spectrum Earthquake: 300 Years of Return period

PUSH X Output

Earthquake: 300 years Return period Target base shear: 1314.596 KN Target Displacement: 92 mm Corresponding Inter story Drift: 92/(10050)=0.01 < 0.02( Damage control,0.01 to 0.02) Life Safety Limit is ensured for 300 Years Return period

Pushover Analysis Output, PUSH X

Just before Structural instability: Total nos of elastic hinge: 158 Nos Total Immediate occupancy Hinge: 124 Nos Total life safety hinge: 68 nos Total life safety to collapse prevention hinge: 18 nos Total Unstable hinge: 4 Nos Column Need to be strong for avoiding Collapse prevention hinge

IO

LS

Capacity Curve and Elastic Response

I 0 L

E I D

L S L

Same as recommended in Seismic hazard mapping and risk assessment for Nepal Ductility Demand> Available Ductility => For Higher earthquake there will be no ductility

ATC 40, Capacity Spectrum Earthquake: 300 Years of Return period

PUSH Y Output

Earthquake: 300 years Return period Target base shear: 1315.983 KN Target Displacement: 91 mm Corresponding Inter story Drift: 91/(10050)=0.01 < 0.02( Damage control,0.01 to 0.02) Life Safety Limit is ensured for 300 Years Return period

Capacity Curve and Elastic Response

Ductility Demand> Available Ductility => For Higher earthquake there will be no ductility

I 0 L

E I D

L S L

Same as recommended in Seismic hazard mapping and risk assessment for Nepal

Check For NBC 105 Designed Building For 500 YRS RP Earthquake

500 Yrs Response Spectra Parameter: Ca, Cv

Ground Acceleration, Ca = 0.36g Structural Response, Acceleration at 1 sec, Cv =0.45g

0.36 g*2.5 =0.9g

0.36 g 0.36 g*2.5/2 =0.45g

ATC40 Capacity Spectra for 500 yrs return period Earthquake

PUSH X

ATC40 Capacity Spectra for 500 yrs return period Earthquake

PUSH Y

Performance point Not available

Performance point does not meet in Y direction Buildings designed for 300 YRS RP is Not safe in 500 YRS RP Earthquake Demand curve above capacity curve indicates need of increase in design force level

Check For Modified NBC 105 Designed Building For 500 YRS RP Earthquake
Proposed Modification in NBC 105 Considers Basic seismic Coefficient of 0.09 instead of 0.08

Proposed Response spectrum: 10% in 50 years( 500 YRS RP)

Short period spectral acceleration: 0.9 g Ground acceleration: 0.36 g 1 Sec , Spectral acceleration : 0.45 g

500 Yrs Response Spectra Parameter: Ca, Cv

Ground Acceleration, Ca = 0.36g Structural Response, Acceleration at 1 sec, Cv =0.45g

0.36 g*2.5 =0.9g 0.09 C= Ct*Z*I*K= 0.09 Load factors are remains as it is 0.36 g

0.09/T 0.045/T 0.036/T

0.36 g*2.5/2 =0.45g

Seismic Load NBC 105, Modified Response spectra

Seismic Load Distribution

342.04 KN 245.48 KN 61.37 KN

Beam Design output

Beam 230X350

Column Design Output

ATC40 Capacity Spectra for 500 yrs return period Earthquake

PUSH X

Earthquake: 500 years Return period Target base shear: 1636.357 KN Target Displacement: 103.403 mm Corresponding Inter story Drift: 103.403/(10050)=0.01 < 0.02( Damage control,0.01 to 0.02) Life Safety Limit is ensured for 500 Years Return period

PUSH X , Output

Just before Structural instability: Total nos of elastic hinge: 154 Nos Total Immediate occupancy Hinge: 124 Nos Total life safety hinge: 74 nos Total life safety to collapse prevention hinge: 10 nos Total Unstable hinge: 10 Nos Column Need to be strong for avoiding Collapse prevention hinge

IO

LS

Capacity Curve and Elastic Response

I 0 L

E I D

L S L

Ductility Demand> Available Ductility => For Higher earthquake there will be no ductility

ATC40 Capacity Spectra for 500 yrs return period Earthquake

PUSH Y

Earthquake: 500 years Return period Target base shear: 1623.9 KN Target Displacement: 101.243 mm Corresponding Inter story Drift: 101.243/(10050)=0.01 < 0.02( Damage control,0.01 to 0.02) Life Safety Limit is ensured for 500 Years Return period

PUSH X , Output

Just before Structural instability: Total nos of elastic hinge: 168 Nos Total Immediate occupancy Hinge: 106 Nos Total life safety hinge: 74 nos Total life safety to collapse prevention hinge: 14 nos Total Unstable hinge: 10 Nos Column Need to be strong for avoiding Collapse prevention hinge

IO

LS

Building with Additional , SCWB Satisfying condition

300 YRS Return Period

Strong column Weak beam condition improves linear ductility

500 YRS Return period

1000 YRS Return period

Check for performance level for IS 1893,2002 Designed Building 500 YRS RP Response Spectra

500 Years Return period IS 1893, 2002, Response spectra

0.36 g

0.45 g

Response Spectra Parameter: Ca, Cv

Ca =0.36 Cv=0.45

Evaluation of Seismic Static Load:

Seismic wt, W =Wt of the building due to DL+0.25LL Base shear = Ah* W W= W1+W2+W3

Z = zone factor I =Importance factor R = response reduction factor Sa/g = Spectral acceleration coefficients

Seismic Force

Seismic Force Distribution

342.0 KN 245.5 KN 61.4 KN

ATC40 Capacity Spectra for 500 yrs return period Earthquake

PUSH X

Earthquake: 500 years Return period Target base shear: 1973.06 KN Target Displacement: 104.0 mm Corresponding Inter story Drift: 104.0/(10050)=0.01 < 0.02( Damage control,0.01 to 0.02) Life Safety Limit is ensured for 500 Years Return period

PUSH X , Output

Just before Structural instability: Total nos of elastic hinge: 158 Nos Total Immediate occupancy Hinge: 132 Nos Total life safety hinge: 44 nos Total life safety to collapse prevention hinge: 22 nos Total Unstable hinge: 16 Nos Column Need to be strong for avoiding Collapse prevention hinge

IO

LS

Capacity Curve and Elastic Response

Ductility Demand is very close to Available Ductility but still lacking in ductility

Conclusion
Building Detailed with NBC 205
Meets life safety criterion for 300 No global linear ductility for higher earthquake Failure in 500 Yrs RP Earthquake

Conclusion
Building Detailed with NBC 105
Meets life safety criterion for 300 No global linear ductility for higher earthquake Failure in 500 Yrs RP Earthquake

Conclusion
Building Designed with Modified NBC 105 Response spectra
Life safety criteria meets for 500 YRS RP Earthquake Needs more global ductility for ensuring collapse prevention for higher earthquake

Recommendations
Replace 300 Yrs Response spectra with 500 yrs Response spectra in NBC 105 Add additional clause for strong column weak beam for ensuring collapse prevention in higher earthquake Use modified NBC 105 for the analysis of Sample buildings belongs to NBC 205 Develop summary of detailing and replace old Existing detailing

THANK YOU