1. What do you mean by referendum?

Ans- A referendum is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. (Q.) What do you understand by the concept 'Censorship'? (Ans) Censorship is a condition under which the right to expression is limited. The citizens have to take prior permission from the censor authorities of the government for making a speech or publishing news and views. Any thing that the government finds objectionable cannot be published.If anything that was against the will of government gets published or expressed in public then the person who is responsible for it then he may get punished or penalised.] (Q.) What is a 'Coup'? (Ans) Coup is the sudden overthrow of a government by the state military to replace the government, either with another civil government or with a military government. This sudden overthrow is usually illegal and may be violent in nature. (Q.) Before 1980, Poland was a non-democratic country. Explain. (Ans) Till 1980, Poland was ruled by the Polish United Workers Party. This was one of the many communist parties that ruled in several countries of East Europe at that time. In these countries, no other political party was allowed to function. The people could not freely choose the leaders of the communist party or the government. Those who spoke against the leaders or the party or the government were put in prison. The government in Poland was supported and controlled by the government of the erstwhile Soviet Union, the vast and powerful Eurasian communist state. (d) Trade Union is an association of workers for the purpose of maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment. (Q.) Who was Saddam Hussein? What type of government he formed in Iraq? Point out the measures taken under his government for the welfare of the people? (1 Mark) (Ans) Saddam Hussein was a leading BA'ATH party leader in Iraq.He ran a dictorial government and suppressed opposition against his rule. The measures taken by Saddam's government were: i)He gave women the right to vote and several freedoms not granted in other most muslim countries. ii)He made provision for free education to the citizen of Iraq. iii) He appreciated women participation in defence. (Q.) What is democracy?

(1 Mark) (Ans) Democracy is a form of government which allows citizens to choose their representatives who govern the country.

The three democratic governments Allendes Chile, Walesas Poland and Michelles Chile are different in their approach towards social and economic matters. Allende preferred government control on all big industries and the economy. Walesa wanted the market to be free of government interference. Michelle stands somewhere in the middle on this issue. Yet these three governments shared some basic features. Power was exercised by governments elected by the people and not by the army, unelected leaders or any external power. The people enjoyed some basic political freedoms.