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e i P( X = i) = f x (i) = , i = 0,1, 2 , , i!
where
and
is some parameter.
e = 2.7 1 8 2 8
Var ( X ) = .
The derivations of the above properties are similar to the ones for the binomial random variable and are left as exercises.
1
Example: Suppose the average number of car accidents on the highway in one day is 4. What is the probability of no car accident in one day? What is the probability of 1 car accidence in two days? [solution:] It is sensible to use Poisson random variable representing the number of car accidents on the high way. Let X representing the number of car accidents on the high way in one day. Then,
e 4 4i P( X = i) = f x (i) = , i = 0,1, 2, i!
and
E( X ) = 4 .
Then,
E (Y ) = 8 .
Then,
e 8 81 = 8e 8 0.002 1!
Example: Suppose the average number of calls by 104 in one minute is 2. What is the probability
2
of 10 calls in 5 minutes? [solution]: Since the average number of calls by 104 in one minute is 2, thus the average number of calls in 5 minutes is 10. Let X represent the number of calls in 5 minutes. Then,
e 1010i P( X = i ) = f x (i ) = , i = 0,1, 2, i!
and
E ( X ) = 10 .
Then,
Online Exercise:
Exercise 7.2.1 Exercise 7.2.2