CHAPTER 1 Discription

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 DISCRIPTION
Temperature controller used in many electronics devices today like refridgerator,AC,Microwave Oven,,etc.temperature controller is programmable device. It sense temperature and take programmable action & display temperature. In Temperature controller microcontroller are used. In

Temperature controller software part is developed in embedded c. In this Microvision Keil is used. And the main microcontroller is P89v51RD2. The full software and hardware testing is completed in Proteus 7.7 Software. The hardware is fully designed in Protel PCB design software.

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 CHAPTER 2 2.1 Block Diagram of temperature controller 2.2 Circuit diagram 2.3 Micro controller P89v51RD2 package diagram 2.4 P89v51RD2 Architecture

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2.1 Block diagram:

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2.2 Circuit diagram

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2.3 P89v51RD2 package diagram:

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2.4 P89v51RD2 Architecture

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 CHAPTER 3
3.1 General description of P89vRD2 3.2 P89v51RD2 Pin out 3.3 PIN description 3.4 P89V51RD2 Features

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3.1 General description of P89v51RD2

The P89V51RD2 is an 80C51 microcontroller with 64 kB Flash and 1024 bytes of data RAM.

A key feature of the P89V51RD2 is its X2 mode option. The design engineer can choose to run the application with the conventional 80C51 clock rate (12 clocks per machine cycle) or select the X2 mode (6 clocks per machine cycle) to achieve twice the throughput at the same clock frequency. Another way to benefit from this feature is to keep the same performance by reducing the clock frequency by half, thus dramatically reducing the EMI

The Flash program memory supports both parallel programming and in serial
In-System Programming (ISP). Parallel programming mode offers gangProgramming at high speed, reducing programming cost and time to market. ISP allows a device to be reprogrammed in the end product under software Control. The capability to field /update application firmware make a wide range Of application possible.

The P89V51RD2 is also In-Application Programmable (IAP), allowing the

Flash program memory to be reconfigured even while the application is running.

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3.2

P89v51RD2 Pin out

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 3.3 PIN description

Port 0 (P0.0 to P0.7)
Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. Port 0 pins that have 1s written to them float, and in this state can be used as high-impedance inputs. Port 0 is also the multiplexed low-order address and data bus during accesses to external code and data memory. In this application, it uses strong internal pull-ups when transitioning to 1s. Port 0 also receives the code bytes during the external host mode programming, and outputs the code bytes during the external host mode verification. External pull-ups are required during program verification or as a general purpose I/O port.

Port 1 (P1.0 to P1.7)

Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 1 pins are pulled high by the internal pull-ups when 1s are written to them and can be used as inputs in this state. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally pulled LOW will source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. P1.5, P1.6, P1.7 have high current drive of 16 mA. Port 1 also receives the low-order address bytes during the external host mode programming and verification.Here Port 1 is a input. Port 1 is interface with analog to digital converter MCP 3204.

Port 2 (2.0 to 2.7)

Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 2 pins are pulled HIGH by the internal pull-ups when 1s are written to them and can be used as inputs in this state. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally pulled LOW will source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 2 sends the
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high-order address byte during fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external Data Memory that use 16-bit address (MOVX@DPTR). In this application, it uses strong internal pull-ups when transitioning to 1s. Port 2 also receives some control signals and a partial of high-order address bits during the external host mode programming and verification.

Port 3(3.0 to 3.7)

Port 3 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port with internal pull-ups. Port 3 pins are pulled HIGH by the internal pull-ups when 1s are written to them and can be used as inputs in this state. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally pulled LOW will source current (IIL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 3 also receives some control signals and a partial of high-order address bits during the external host mode programming and verification.

Pin 3.0
RXD: serial input port.

Pin 3.1
TXD: serial output port.

Pin 3.2
INT0: external interrupt 0 input

Pin 3.3
INT1: external interrupt 1 input

Pin 3.4 & 3.5

Timer/counter 0 and timer/counter 1.

Pin 3.6 & 3.7

External data read and write.

XTAL 1
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Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock generator circuits.

XTAL 2
Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.

Vcc &GND
Power supply and ground.

ALE
ALE is the output signal for latching the low byte of the address during an access to external memory. This pin is also the programming pulse input (PROG) for flash programming. Normally the ALE is emitted at a constant rate of 1/6 the crystal frequencyand can be used for external timing and clocking. One ALE pulse is skipped during each access to external data memory. However, if AO is set to 1, ALE is disabled.

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3.4 P89V51RD2 Features

5 V Operating voltage from 0 to 40 MHz. 64 kB of on-chip Flash program memory with ISP (In-System Programming)
and IAP (In-Application Programming)

Supports 12-clock (default) or 6-clock mode selection via software or ISP. Three 16-bit timers/counters. Programmable Watchdog timer (WDT). Second DPTR register. Supports 12-clock (default) or 6-clock mode selection via software or ISP.

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 CHAPTER 4 4.1 Temperature sensor

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 4.1 Temperature sensor

Here, LM 35 sensor used. The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature
sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature. The LM35 thus has an advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade scaling.

4.1.1 PIN OUT of LM 35

4.1.2 Features
0.1C accuracy guaranteeable. Calibrated directly in Celsius (at +25C). Rated for full 55 to +150C range. LM 35 is cheap. Operates from 4 to 30 volts. 10mv/c scale factor.

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 CHAPTER 5
5.1 Analog to digital converter (MCP 3204) 5.2 MCP 1541 5.3 Interfacing LCD to microcontroller

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 5.1 Analog to digital converter (MCP 3204)

12-bit Analog to Digital (A/D) Converters with on-board sample and hold circuitry. Communication with the devices is accomplished using a simple serial interface compatible with the SPI protocol.

5.1.1 Pin out MCP 3204

5.1.2 Pin configuration

VDD

+2.7V to 5.5V Power Supply DGND Digital Ground AGND Analog Ground CH0-CH7 Analog Inputs CLK Serial Clock DIN
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Serial Data In DOUT Serial Data Out

CS/SHDN Chip Select/Shutdown Input VREF Reference Voltage Input 5.1.3 Features
Four input channels. On-chip sample and hold. Single supply operation: 2.7V to 5.5V. Industrial temp range: -40C to +85C. 12-bit resolution.

5.1.4 Application of MCP 3204

Used in Sensor Interface. Process Control.

Data Acquisition. Battery Operated Systems.

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 5.2

MCP 1541
use a combination of an advanced CMOS circuit design and EPROM trimming.

MCP 1541 device is 2.5V and 4.096 V precision voltage references this

Features
Precision voltage reference. Output voltage of 2.5V and 4.096V. Temp range: -40C to +85C.

Application of MCP 1541

Battery powered system.Handheld instrument. Instrumentation and process control. Test equipment . communications equipment.Medical equipment. 8-bit,10-bit,12-bit analog to digital converters. D/A converters.

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5.3 Interfacing LCD to microcontroller

5.3.1Pin out
8 data pins PD7:PD14
Bi-directional data/command pins. Alphanumeric characters are sent in ASCII format. PD 4 RS: Register Select RS = 0 -> Command Register is selected RS = 1 -> Data Register is selected PD 5 R/W: Read or Write

PD6
E: Enable (Latch data) Used to latch the data present on the data pins. A high-to-low edge is needed to latch the data. VEE contrast control
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 CHAPTER 6 6.1 Problem 6.2 How to occurs problems ? 6.3 Possible solution 6.4 Application

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 6.1 Problem
When temperature change in atmosphere but display stable
temperature.

Display higher and lower temperature than original temperature. Some time temperature suddenly jump.

6.2 How to occurs problems ?

Some time temperature sensor damage and temperature sensor output
noisy so this types problem occurs. Micro controller Programming fault. If temperature sensor is damaged and faulty so this type problem Arises.

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 6.3

Possible solution
So this type problems are occurs. If we add filter circuit after temperature sensor so We can solve this problem.

Here ,temperature sensor give output are noisey.

Here ,we can using low pass filter and noisy output
Can be less.(add filter circuit in pin 1 & 2 in LM35)

Solve programming and error.(like a to d conversion error) If temperature sensor is damaged and faulty so
Try to other temperature sensor in this temperature range.

We can use PT100 rather than LM35

But PT100 is costly.

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 6.4 Application
Temperature controller use in air conditioner to auto mode. Its very useful in factory & atomic reactor to control temperature Its useful in air heater and refrigerator.

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REFERANCE:
www.google.in www.wikipedia.org www.microcontroler.com www.allaboutcircuits.com www.alldatasheet.com

and others

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THANK YOU
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