The Development of the Atom The Greeks (Democritus) Greek era Everything is made up of matter, which is made up of atoms

oms "by convention bitter, by convention sweet, but in reality atoms and void" Democritus was a philosopher, not a scientist. His model of the atom is a pretty simple sphere. Dalton, however, was a scientist. Although Dalton's model of the atom does not really vary from Democritus model, Dalton enhanced Democritus's atomic theory. Everything is made up of matter, which is made up of atoms Dalton 1803 Proposed an atomic theory with spherical solid atoms based upon measurable properties of the mass Elements are made of identical atoms, with the same mass. Atoms of different elements have different masses than those of other elements. Compounds are made of different elements. There are a definite proportion of elements in a compound. Different elements have different masses Thomson 1897 Used a CRT to experimentally determine the charge to mass ratio (e/m) of an electron =1.759 x 108coulombs/gram. Studied "canal rays" and found they were associated with the proton H+ . I agree with Dalton but... I also think that there is a sublevel of atoms. I found out about electrons by using cathode rays. Since atoms are neutral, there must also be positively charged corpuscles, parts of the atom. Thomson's atomic model is also called the Plum Pudding Model. One major difference from Dalton's model is the sub-atomic level, the protons and electrons. Technology like the Cathode Ray Tube made this model possible. Thomas discovered electrons There are neutral atoms, so therefore there are positively charged atoms Rutherford 1898 Studied radiations emitted from uranium and thorium and named them alpha and beta. In my gold foil experiment, I used alpha rays to disprove Thomson's model of the atom. I directed the rays at a sheet of gold foil surrounded by a sheet of zinc sulfide, and I expected

that they rays would go straight through but they did not! The particles mostly hit the zinc sheet, but some were deflected. Stated that the positive charged is concentrated in the small nucleus Negatively charged atoms? Bohr 1922 Atomic orbits Developed an explanation of atomic structure that underlies regularities of the periodic table of elements. His atomic model had atoms built up of successive orbital shells of electrons. In the Bohr model, not included in Rutherford's model, there are distinct levels of electrons that orbit a proton and neutron filled nucleus. Technology most likely helped Bohr calculate this and therefore helped him draw the model. Electrons travel at a discreet orbit around the nucleus Distinct levels of electrons that orbit a proton and neutron filled nucleus Schrodinger 1930 Viewed electrons as continuous clouds and introduced "wave mechanics" as a mathematical model of the atom. Electron arrangement around the nuclei of atoms Chadwick 1932 Atomic nucleus contained a neutral particle (neutron) which had been proposed more than a decade earlier by Ernest Rutherford Using alpha particles discovered a neutral atomic particle with a mass close to a proton. Thus was discovered the neutron. Discovered the neutron http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/physics/atomicphysics/atomicstructure/atomictimeline /atomictimeline.htm http://stellmanngfs.glogster.com/Atomic-Glog/