Erection of The James RumseyBridge

Erection of the James Rumsey Bridge
A Case Study in Long Span Steel Erection
OTEC 2007 October 2007
Thomas Leech,P.E.,S.E., Vice President David A. Lattanzi, Structural Engineer
James Rumsey Bridge

1,085 ft
Overview
History Lesson
425 ft
Project Introduction
Rumsey Bridge Erection Procedure (Proposed and Implemented) Erection Procedure Considerations MD
WV
ver iiver ac R ac R m om Potto Po
Deep unbraced plate girders are inherently unstable and careful consideration must be given individually to all states of stress during transport, fit-up, erection & closure to avoid overstress and out of plane distortions during all phases of James Rumsey Bridge erection.

General Contractor: Brayman Construction
Erector: Advantage Steel & Construction
James Rumsey Bridge
INTRODUCTION

Cumberland MD Cumberland MD
Maryland Maryland
Swearingens Ferry? Swearingens Ferry? Pack Horse Ford? Pack Horse Ford?
James Rumsey Bridge
West Virginia West Virginia Fairfax Stone Fairfax Stone Shepherdstown WV Shepherdstown WV
Potomac River
Located in Shepherdstown, WV Located in Shepherdstown, WV 90 miles from the Fairfax Stone 90 miles from the Fairfax Stone 150 miles from Chesapeake Bay 150 miles from Chesapeake Bay
Virginia Virginia
Washington DC Washington DC
Maryland Maryland
Chesapeake Bay Chesapeake Bay
James Rumsey Bridge
INTRODUCTION
Spans the Potomac River

James Rumsey Bridge
1,085 ft river crossing New structure is upstream
Fairfax Stone
Ties into existing alignment with horizontal curve Replaces an existing six span Wichert Truss
What is a Wichert Truss?
Chesapeake Bay
Located in Shepherdstown, WV 90 miles from the Fairfax Stone 150 miles from Chesapeake Bay
PC PC PT PT
James Rumsey Bridge
WHAT IS A WICHERT TRUSS?

Before the use of computers, the interaction of forces on continuous trusses was difficult to calculate.
One solution to the problem was developed by E. M. Weichert of Pittsburgh, PA, in 1930.
statically statically determinate determinate The open diamond panel above each pier is the easily recognized mark of this truss type; without a vertical truss member in this hinged location. By introducing a open, hinged quadrilateral over the intermediate piers, each span could be calculated independently.
hinges hinges
James Rumsey Bridge

Before the use of computers, the interaction of forces on continuous truss was difficult to calculate. The Charles Anderson Bridge over Junction Hollow, City of Pittsburgh, is another example of the unusual "Wichert SelfAdjusting Truss.
One solution to the problem was developed by E. M. Wichert of Pittsburgh, PA, in 1930.. The curved lower chord gives the bridge the form of an arch, but it does not rely on arch action to carry the load. The open diamond panel above each pier is the easily recognized mark of this truss type; without a vertical truss member in this hinged location.
What is a Wichert Truss? Or is it a Weichert Truss?
By introducing a open, hinged quadrilateral over the intermediate piers, each span could be calculated independently.
James Rumsey Bridge
What is a Wichert Truss? Or is it a Weichert Truss?
WV WV
James Rumsey Bridge, James Rumsey Bridge, Shepherdstown, WV, 1939-2004 Shepherdstown, WV, 1939-2004
James Rumsey Bridge
STEEL ERECTION PROCEDURE

Original Concept as outlined in the design documents
Barge mounted temporary towers Balancing of girder segments over piers Drop in erection of main span
Max web depth: 18 feet Max span length: 425 ft Horizontally curved
Proposed and accepted erection procedure

Five temporary towers located on the river causeway Span by span erection proceeding from the south abutment Single girder erection
Erection Strategy
Use of high capacity crawler cranes Stable tower/girder system for specified wind and hydraulic loadings Placement of temporary jacking stiffeners at critical tower locations
James Rumsey Bridge
IMPLEMENTED ERECTION PROCEDURE
Span by span erection, north to south Five temporary towers on causeway High capacity crawler cranes Temporary jacking stiffeners Required to remain stable under wind and hydraulic loads
MD
MD
WV
Potomac River (looking downstream)
James Rumsey Bridge
Span by span erection, north to south Five temporary towers on causeway High capacity crawler cranes Temporary jacking stiffeners
MD
James Rumsey Bridge
MD
James Rumsey Bridge
MD
James Rumsey Bridge
MD
James Rumsey Bridge
MD
James Rumsey Bridge
MD
James Rumsey Bridge
MD
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATIONS FOR STABLITY
Deep unbraced plate girders are inherently unstable and careful consideration must be given individually to all states of stress during transport, fit-up, erection & closure to avoid overstress and out of plane distortions during all phases of James Rumsey Bridge erection.
CONSIDERATIONS
1. Holding Cranes or Temporary Towers? 2. Web Stiffening At Towers? 3. Drop In or Span By Span Erection? 4. Pitfalls of Single-Plate Girder Erection 5. Considerations for Curved Members 6. Adequacy of Lateral Bracing Points 7. Adequacy of Temporary Tower
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 1 Holding Cranes or Temporary Towers?
holding crane
temporary tower Do I really need a temporary tower? Do I really need a temporary tower?
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 1 Holding Cranes or Temporary Towers?
temporary tower
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 2 Web Stiffening at Towers?
Do I really need to stiffen this web? Do I really need to stiffen this web?
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 2 Web Stiffening at Towers?
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 3 Drop In or Span by Span Erection?
Why can I not use span by span erection? Why can I not use span by span erection?
James Rumsey Bridge
1. What do we mean by drop-in erection? 2. What do we mean by span by span erection?
James Rumsey Bridge
Illustration of drop-in erection Bloomfield Bridge, Pittsburgh, PA single viaduct 180 feet above valley floor
James Rumsey Bridge
Illustration of drop-in erection Bloomfield Bridge, Pittsburgh, PA single viaduct 180 feet above valley floor
James Rumsey Bridge
Illustration of span by span erection PA Toll 43, Washington County, PA twin viaducts 260 feet above valley floor
James Rumsey Bridge
James Rumsey Bridge
James Rumsey Bridge
James Rumsey Bridge
drop-in span erection
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
span by span erection
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
James Rumsey Bridge

drop-in span
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 4 Pitfalls of Singe-Plate Girder Erection
Why can I not just place oneof lesserup at a demands, erectors prefer single-plate girder erection. Why can I not just place one girder up at a time? Because girder crane time? The decision to employ single-plate girder erection in lieu of erecting girders James Rumsey Bridge in stable pairs is typically made at the time of bid.
Illustration of single-plate girder erection PA Toll 43, Washington County, PA twin viaducts 260 feet above valley floor
lifting crane holding crane erection bench erection bench
Because of lesser crane demands, erectors prefer single-plate girder erection. The decision to employ single-plate girder erection in lieu of erecting girders James Rumsey Bridge in stable pairs is typically made at the time of bid.
Frequently erection plans fail to properly consider stability of the first girder line during erection of the second girder line.
Because of lesser crane demands, erectors prefer single-plate girder erection. The decision to employ single-plate girder erection in lieu of erecting girders James Rumsey Bridge in stable pairs is typically made at the time of bid.
Frequently erection plans fail to properly consider stability of the first girder line during erection of the second girder line.
high stress concentrations
torque
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 5 Considerations for Curved Members
What if my girders are curved? What if my girders are curved?

James Rumsey Bridge
temporary tower girder

PC PC
girder stabilization device

PT PT
James Rumsey Bridge

0.5 ff= P/A +Pe/S sec [(P/EI) ((L/2)] = P/A +Pe/S sec [(P/EI) L/2)] Secant formula Secant formula 0.5 0.5
The following can be derived: The following can be derived: 0.5 fa= P/A =Fy/(fs)/ (1+eA/S secL/2r{(fa)(fs)/E} fa= P/A =Fy/(fs)/ (1+eA/S secL/2r{(fa)(fs)/E}
PC PC PT PT
James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 6 Adequacy of Lateral Bracing Points
Cross frames are adequate bracing, right? Cross frames are adequate bracing, right?
James Rumsey Bridge
top strut provided
A properly designed cross frame system with adequate struts will inhibit higher buckling modes (as illustrated) and develop adequate temporary flexural strength
James Rumsey Bridge
top strut provided top strut omitted
NOT THE JAMES RUMSEY

BRIDGE James Rumsey Bridge
CONSIDERATION 7 Adequacy of Temporary Tower
What are reasonable loading expectations for temporary towers? What are reasonable loading expectations for temporary towers?
James Rumsey Bridge
James Rumsey Bridge
James Rumsey Bridge

blocking blocking
jack jack
James Rumsey Bridge

wind pressure wind pressure
braced for braced for overturning overturning
James Rumsey Bridge
hydraulic hydraulic pressure pressure
Although not anticipated by the erection plan, three significant meteorological events, Hurricanes Charley, Frances, and Ivan James Rumsey Bridge occurred between June and November of 2004.

Thomas Leech,P.E.,S.E., Vice President David A. Lattanzi, Structural Engineer
end
James Rumsey Bridge

Erection of The James RumseyBridge

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Erection of the James Rumsey Bridge

A Case Study in Long Span Steel Erection

OTEC 2007 October 2007

Thomas Leech,P.E.,S.E., Vice President David A. Lattanzi, Structural Engineer

James Rumsey Bridge