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This part contains six (6) questions. Answer four (4) questions only. 1. a. State three (3) differences between N-type and P-type

semiconductor materials. (6 marks) b. State meaning of intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor. (4 marks) Question 1b based on Figure 1.

+ V R1 R 1=1k ID 10V Ge Si

R 2=1.2k + VR2 Figure 1 c. For the series diode configuration shown in Figure 1, Calculate

i.

The diode current, ID (3 marks)

ii.

The current through resistor R1, IR1 (2 marks) 2

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iii.

The voltage drop across R1, VR1 (2 marks)

iv.

The voltage drop across R2, VR2 (2 marks)

d.

Describe connection diode for: i. Forward biased (3 marks)

ii.

Reverse biased (3 marks)

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2.

a.

State and explain the three types of operation region in bipolar junction transistor. (6 marks)

b.

Draw the structure and schematic symbol of PNP and NPN Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT). (6 marks)

Question 2c based on Figure 2.

Vcc = + 20 V

IC

RB 510 k

RC 2.4 k

C2

Ac output

Ac input C1
10 F

IB

+
VCE

10F

= 100 VBE = 0.7

Figure 2 c. Calculate the following values; i. The base current, IB (4 marks) ii. The collector current, IC

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(2 marks) iii. The collector-emitter voltage, VCE (3 marks) iv. The saturration current, IC(sat) (2 marks) v. The cut-off voltage, VCE(off) (2 marks)

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3.

a.

Draw the basic dc power supply circuit complete with label. Describe what the function of each block and sketch the waveform. (12 marks)

Question 3b refer to Figure 3

8: 1 D1 240Vrms 50 Hz D4 D3 D2 IL +

RL 4 V O _

Figure 3 b. Calculate; i. The RMS secondary voltage, VS(RMS) (4 marks) ii. The peak secondary voltage, VS(peak) (2 marks) iii. The peak output voltage, VO(peak) (3 marks) iv. The average voltage, Vdc (2 marks) 6
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v. 4. a.

The average load current, IL (2 marks)

Describe what is field effect transistor (FET). (4 marks)

b.

Draw and label the terminals of structure and schematic symbol: i. ii. N-channel JFET P-channel JFET (8 marks)

c.

A junction field effect transistor (JFET) has a value of VGS(off)= 20V and IDSS = 12 mA. Calculate the drain current, ID for the following VGS : 5 V, 10 V, 15 V. (7 marks)

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Question 4d based on Figure 4

VDD = +10 V

Vout Vin

VGG = 5V

Figure 4 d. Figure 4 shows an amplifier circuit of Junction field effect transistor (JFET), given VGS(off) = 10 V and IDSS = 12 mA. Find the values of: i. The gate-source voltage, VGS (2 marks) ii. The drain current, ID (2 marks) iii. The drain-source voltage, VDS (2 marks)

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5.

a.

Draw schematic symbol and block diagram for 741 operational amplifiers complete with label. (8 marks)

b.

State 5 ideal characteristic of op-amp. (5 marks)

Figure 5 show operational amplifier circuit.

Figure 5 i. Base on circuit in Figure 5, if R2 is 100 kilo-ohm, R1 is 10 kilo-ohm and input voltage is 0.5v, calculate the gain and output voltage by using inverting amplifier: (6 marks) ii. Base on circuit in Figure 5, if R2 is 1000 kilo-ohm, R1 is 100 kilo-ohm and input voltage is 0.5v, calculate the gain and output voltage by using inverting amplifier: (6 marks)

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6.

a.

Draw circuit for timer 555 mode operation below: i.Astable mode operation (6 marks) ii. Monostbale mode operation (6 marks)

b.

State applications of 555 timer. (5 marks)

Timer 555 have 8 pins. State functions of each pin. (8 marks)

END OF QUESTION

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