25 1

2004 1

ACTA A ERONAU TICA ET ASTRONAU TICA SIN ICA

Vol125 No 11
Jan1 2004

:100026893 ( 2004) 0120062204

, ,
( , 100083)

A Statistical Model f or the UAV Communication Channel

J IN Shi , ZHAN G Xiao2lin , ZHOU Qi
( School of Electronic Engineering , Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics , Beijing 100083 , China)

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3 ,
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: ; ; WSSUS ; ;
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Abstract : A statistical model for UAV ( Unmanned Aircraft Vehicle) communication channel is derived. The com2
ponents of UAV communication channel and t he channel impulse response are discussed. The situation of flight is di2
vided into t hree major scenarios : en2route , circled , taking off and landing. Numerical simulation has been done ac2
cording to t he parameters from t heoretical calculations and references. The model built in t his paper has great signifi2
cance to performance simulation of t he UAV communication channel when no measurement data are available.
Key words : UAV ; channel model ; WSSUS ; specular reflection ; multipat h component

( )

ary Uncorrelated Scattering ,

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, ,

[ 1 ] ,

,
,
(LOS)
,
, ( Rice )
,
, ,
,

( 1)
,Bello
WSSU S ( Wide2Sense Station2
:2002212225 ; :2003207207

) [ 2 ]
, WSSU S
GWSSU S ( Gaussian WSSU S) [ 3 ] Schulze
GWSSU S [ 3 ]
[ 4 ] ,

GWSSU S
,
, Forney
[ 5 ]
( 2)
[ 4 ,6 ] ,

[ 6 ,7 ]
2
s = g G0exp - g , g = 4( S h / ) sini
2

:s ;g
[ 7 ] ; g ; S h
; ;i

; G0 ,

g = 30 [ 4 ] ,

3dB ,
s = 01145g ,
180

,
( h t ) 4m ,
( h r ) 7000m , ( d ) 200km ,
013m , 1 10

- 9

s , 10M Hz

1 % ,
( 3)
WSSU S
,
[ 3 ]
, Ps (, f D)
,
, Ps (, f D) = Ps () Ps ( f D)
,

( a20 )
(

2
a1 )

2
a2 )

K = ( a20 + a21 ) / a22 ,

[ 8 ] K 10
20dB
( 4)

,
,

, :

/
[ 8 ,9 ]
,

A.

,

,
[ 8 ] K
1020dB , 15dB
60 %
[ 8 ] , ,
3dB , ,

63

= 016 01145 =
01087 [ 4 , 8 ]
,
V = 50m/ s ,
,
,
J akes [ 9 ] ,
, 315,
,
, J akes

-1
[ 9 ] , p() = slope
e - / slope , >
0 , slope = 015s
B.

,
, ,
,
,
,

,
K = 10dB
0,90
,
,

90 %
[ 8 ] ,
= 019 01145 = 0113 [ 4 , 6 ]

,
40m/ s ,

,
slope = 1s
C. /

/ ,
, K
20dB
/
,

, 0
360

, J akes

4
6

,
, ,
slope = 011s
2

,
,
,
,
DSP

( 1)
, 3
:


,
WSSU S [ 3 ,7 ] ,
j2f
t
j j2f t
h (, t ) = a0 e D ,LOS () + a1 e 0 e D O( 0 ) + lim a2
N

1
N

25

H ] [ 9 ]
-1
p() , p() = slope
e-

/ slope

n = g( u n ) = - slopeln ( 1 - u n )
( 3)
,
,
1

1 [3 ]
Fig11 UAV communication system

,
2

n j2f D n t

ej

( - n )

n =1

: t , ; a0 , a1 ,
a 2

;0 , f D0 ,0

;n , f D n ,n n

; 1/
N
,
1
,n , f D n ,n ,
n p () = 1/ ( 2) , 0

2

[ 3 ] ,
P()
Pf D ( f D)
( 2)

n , f D n ,n ,
p() , p() , p f D ( f D )

,
u n ( 0 , 1)
-1
)
v n , v n = g v ( u n ) = P v ( u n ) , g v (

[ 3 ]

:
p() p() = 1/ ( 2) ,
n = g( u n ) = 2u n ;
p f D ( f D) J akes , f D n =
g f D ( u n ) = cos (L + (H - L ) u n ) ; [L ,

2
Fig12 The equivalent discrete model for UAV
communication system

: x k ; y k ; n k
2 , 3 :

,
WSSU S , [ 3 ,
9 ]
hk ( i ) =

1
N

n j2f D n k T s

ej

g total ( i T s - n )

n =1

- L- i L+

: k , t = k Ts ; i ;
g total () = g T x () g R x ()
- L L + g total () ,
[3 ]
3

/
100000 ,
212 GHz , 10M Hz ,
Q PS K ,
, WSSU S N =

20 1

3 ,
3 ,

1
Table 1 The parameters of UAV channel
in situations of flight

K/ dB

/ ( ms - 1)

)
/ (

15

10

20

01087

0113

50

40

40

178125181175

slope/s

015

A :178125181175
B :8812591175
1

65

,
,

,
, [ 8 ]

[ 1 ] , , .

0360
011

[J ] . , 2002 , 36 (3) : 333.

( Yang H , Wei H C , Zhu H W. Statistical model for t he fad2
ing channel of t he stratospheric communication[J ] . Journal of
Shanghai Jiaotong University , 2002 ,36 (3) : 333. )
[ 2 ] Bello P A. Characterization of randomly time2invariant linear
channels[J ] . IEEE Trans Commun Sys , 1963 , CS211 ( 4) :
360 - 393.
[ 3 ] Hoeher P. A statistical discrete2time model for t he WSSUS
multipat h channel[J ] . IEEE Trans Veh Techmol , 1992 , 41
(4) : 461 - 468.
[ 4 ] Bello P A. Aeronautical channel characterization [ J ] . IEEE
Trans Commun , 1973 , COM221 (5) : 548 - 563.
[ 5 ] Forney G D. Maximum2likelihood sequence estimation of digi2
tal sequences in t he presence of intersymbol interference [J ] .
IEEE Trans Inform Theory , 1972 , IT218 (3) : 363 - 378.
[6 ] , . [ M ] . : ,

3
Fig13 BER for UAV communication system

,

/
, ,
,
, :
A 0,
; B 90,

1999. 432 - 437.

( Xiong H , et al . Radio propagation [ M ] . Beijing : Publishing
House of Electronics Industry , 1999. 432 - 437. )
[ 7 ] Rappaport T S. Wireless communications principles and prac2
tice[ M ] . New York : Prentice Hall. 1998. 78 - 90 , 143 153.
[8 ] Rice M , Dye R , Welling K. Narrowband channel model for
aeronautical telemetry [ J ] . IEEE Trans On Aerospace and
Electronic System , 2000 , 36 (4) : 1371 - 1376.
[9 ] Hass E. Aeronautical channel mdeling [ J ] . IEEE Trans On
Vehicular Technology , 2002 , 51 (2) : 254 - 264.

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