Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Vol 2

Trimble Geomatics Office
User Guide
Volume 2
Trimble Geomatics Office

User Guide Volume 2
Version 1.5 Part Number 39329-10-ENG Revision A January 2001
Corporate Office Trimble Navigation Limited Technical Publications Group 645 North Mary Avenue Post Office Box 3642 Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3642 U.S.A. Phone: +1-408-481-8940, 1-800-545-7762 Fax: +1-408-481-7744 www.trimble.com Copyright and Trademarks 19992001, Trimble Navigation Limited. All rights reserved. For STL support, the Trimble Geomatics Office software uses the Moscow Center for SPARC Technology adaptation of the SGI Standard Template Library. Copyright 1994 Hewlett-Packard Company, Copyright 1996, 97 Silicon Graphics Computer Systems, Inc., Copyright 1997 Moscow Center for SPARC Technology. Printed in the United States of America, on recycled paper. The Sextant logo with Trimble, and GPS Pathfinder, are trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited, registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The Globe & Triangle logo with Trimble, Convert to RINEX, Coordinate System Manager, Data Dictionary Editor, DC File Editor, DTMLink, Feature and Attribute Editor, Grid Factory, GPSurvey, Line Type Editor, QuickPlan, RoadLink, Symbol Editor, Trimble Geomatics Office, Trimble Survey Controller, Trimble Survey Office, TRIMMAP, TRIMNET, TSC1, and WAVE are trademarks of Trimble Navigation Limited. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Release Notice This is the January 2001 release (Revision A) of Volume 2 of the Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide, part number 39329-10-ENG. It applies to version 1.5 of the Trimble Geomatics Office software.
Patents The Trimble Geomatics Office software is covered by the following U.S. patents: 5614913, 5969708, 5986604, and other patents pending. The following limited warranties give you specific legal rights. You may have others, which vary from state/jurisdiction to state/jurisdiction. Software and Firmware Limited Warranty Trimble warrants that this Trimble software product (the Software) shall substantially conform to Trimbles applicable published specifications for the Software for a period of ninety (90) days, starting from the date of delivery. Warranty Remedies Trimble's sole liability and your exclusive remedy under the warranties set forth above shall be, at Trimbles option, to repair or replace any Product or Software that fails to conform to such warranty (Nonconforming Product) or refund the purchase price paid by you for any such Nonconforming Product, upon your return of any Nonconforming Product to Trimble.
Warranty Exclusions These warranties shall be applied only in the event and to the extent that: (i) the Products and Software are properly and correctly installed, configured, interfaced, stored, maintained and operated in accordance with Trimble's relevant operator's manual and specifications, and; (ii) the Products and Software are not modified or misused. The preceding warranties shall not apply to, and Trimble shall not be responsible for, any claim of warranty infringement is based on (i) defects or performance problems that arise from the combination or utilization of the Product or Software with products, information, systems or devices not made, supplied or specified by Trimble; (ii) the operation of the Product or Software under any specification other than, or in addition to, Trimble's standard specifications for its products; (iii) the unauthorized modification or use of the Product or Software; (iv) damage caused by lightning, other electrical discharge, or fresh or salt water immersion or spray; or (v) normal wear and tear on consumable parts (e.g., batteries).
THE WARRANTIES ABOVE STATE TRIMBLE'S ENTIRE LIABILITY AND YOUR EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES PERFORMANCE OF THE PRODUCTS AND SOFTWARE. EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT, TRIMBLE FURNISHES THE PRODUCTS AND SOFTWARE AS-IS, WITH NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AND THERE IS EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE STATED EXPRESS WARRANTIES ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OBLIGATIONS OR LIABILITIES ON THE PART OF TRIMBLE ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, ANY PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE. SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON DURATION OF AN IMPLIED WARRANTY, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.
Limitation of Liability
TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, TRIMBLE SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND OR UNDER ANY CIRCUMSTANCE OR LEGAL THEORY RELATING IN ANY WAY TO THE PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE, REGARDLESS WHETHER TRIMBLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF ANY SUCH LOSS AND REGARDLESS OF THE COURSE OF DEALING WHICH DEVELOPS OR HAS DEVELOPED BETWEEN YOU AND TRIMBLE. BECAUSE SOME STATES AND JURISDICTIONS DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES, THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. IN ANY CASE, TRIMBLE'S SOLE LIABILITY, AND YOUR SOLE REMEDY UNDER OR FOR BREACH OF THIS AGREEMENT, WILL BE LIMITED TO THE REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE OR LICENSE FEE PAID FOR THE PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE.
Contents
Please See Volume 1 for Chapters 110 About This Manual
Related Information . . Technical Assistance . Your Comments . . . . Document Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xx . xxi . xxi .xxii
Introduction
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Key Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Software . . . . . . . . . . Getting Started . . . . . . . . . . . . Trimble Geomatics Office Help Folder Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 2 3 6 6 7
Using the Trimble Geomatics Office Software

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Starting the Trimble Geomatics Office Software . The Trimble Geomatics Office Window . . . . . The Project Bar. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Status Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Survey View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Plan View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10 10 12 14 15 17 19
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ToolTips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shortcut Menus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pointers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exiting the Trimble Geomatics Office Software
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Setting up a Project
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Opening an Existing Project . . . . . . . . . Changing the Project Properties . . . . . . . Changing the Project Details . . . . . . Selecting a Coordinate System. . . . . Selecting the Project Units and Format Setting up a Project for Features . . . . Changing the Reporting Options . . . . Changing the Recomputation Settings . Deleting a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Copying a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Project Templates . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting a Template for a Project . . . Creating a Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 24 26 27 27 28 29 30 31 32 34 35 36 36 37
Using a Coordinate System

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Coordinate System Database . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Geoid Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geoid Grid (*.ggf) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using a Geoid Model to Determine the Elevation for GPS Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting a Geoid Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing the Current Coordinate System Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 41 42 42
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Changing the Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Selecting a Coordinate System from the Coordinate System wizard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Selecting a Coordinate System in a Survey Controller (*.dc) File 52 Using a Scale Factor-Only Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . 54 Using a Default Transverse Mercator Projection . . . . . . . . 55 Saving the Current Coordinate System as a Site . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 Ground Coordinate Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Entering Project Location Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Setting the Ground Scale Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Importing ASCII Data Files into the Trimble Geomatics Office Software
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Importing ASCII Data Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using Custom ASCII Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Events That May Occur When Importing Data Files . . . . . . Managing Duplicate Points When Importing Data . . . Resolving Duplicate Points in the Database . . . . . . . Import Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Project Details Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Messages Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Recompute Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Example: Importing a PacSoft File Containing Control Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 64 68 69 70 72 73 74 74 74 75
Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transferring Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Survey Controller (*.dc) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Geoid Grid (*.ggf) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Subgridding a Geoid Grid (*.ggf) File from an Existing Geoid Grid File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transferring an Existing Geoid Grid (*.ggf) File . . . . . . . . 78 79 80 83 83 88
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Combined Datum Grid (*.cdg) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creating a Combined Datum Grid (*.cdg) File . . . . . . . . Transferring an Existing Combined Datum Grid (*.cdg) File . Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Digital Terrain Model (*.dtx) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antenna Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UK National Grid Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Importing Survey Data into the Trimble Geomatics Office Software

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Importing Survey Controller (*.dc) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . Importing .dc Files from the Trimble Survey Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Importing .dc Files on Your Computer. . . . . . . . . . Events That May Occur When Importing .dc Files . . . . . . . Messages and Dialogs That May Appear During Import Trimble Survey Controller Classes and How They Are Imported . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Qualities Assigned to Coordinates from the Trimble Survey Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . Qualities Assigned to Observations from the Trimble Survey Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . Managing Duplicate Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Importing Trimble GPS Data (*.dat) Files . . . . . . . . . . . Importing .dat Files from the Trimble Survey Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Importing .dat Files from a Trimble GPS Receiver . . . Importing .dat Files from Your Computer . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 . . . . 106 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 . 109 . 112 . 112
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Events That May Occur When Importing .dat Files . . . . . . . . . . 125 Messages and Dialogs That May Appear During Import . . . . 125 How the Trimble Geomatics Office Software Assigns Qualities to Imported Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Managing Points with Duplicate Names . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 Importing RINEX Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Importing NGS Data Sheet Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130 Importing Digital Level Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 Digital Level Import Dialog . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132 Editing Starting Point Elevations Before Importing . . . . . . . 134 Import Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 The Project Details Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 The Messages Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 The Recompute Report. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Using the Graphics Window and Selecting Entities

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Trimble Geomatics Office Graphics Window to View a Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Zoom Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Labeling Points. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using View Filters in the Survey View . . . . . . . Viewing Survey Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing Grid Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Setting the Color Scheme in the Graphics Window . Viewing Background Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting All or None . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Entities Using the Mouse . . . . . . . . . Selecting Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Duplicate Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Staked Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 . 141 . 142 . 143 . 146 . 147 . 148 . 150 . 151 . 152 . 152 . 153 . 158 . 161 . 162
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Selecting Calibration Points . . . . Selecting Entities in the Plan View Selecting Entities Using Wildcards Selecting Entities Using Queries . . Using Selection Sets . . . . . . . .
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Viewing and Editing Data

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Properties Window Overview. . . . . . . . . . . Viewing Survey Data in the Properties window . Using Pages to View Survey Details . . . . Viewing and Editing Points . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing Survey Details . . . . . . . . . . Point Quality Indicators . . . . . . . . . . Viewing the Point Derivation Report . . . Entering Coordinates for a Point . . . . . . Viewing Stakeout Information for a Point . Viewing CAD Details . . . . . . . . . . . Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Renaming Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing Observations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GPS Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conventional Observations . . . . . . . . Level Observations. . . . . . . . . . . . . Laser Rangefinder Observations . . . . . . Azimuth Observations . . . . . . . . . . . Reduced Observations . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing Erroneous Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . GPS Loop Closures . . . . . . . . . . . . Editing Survey Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Changing the Status of Observations . . . Reversing the Direction of Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 . 172 . 175 . 175 . 176 . 177 . 179 . 180 . 182 . 186 . 188 . 189 . 189 . 191 . 191 . 194 . 196 . 197 . 199 . 200 . 202 . 205 . 206 . 206 . 207
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Editing Multiple Entities at One Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editing the Survey-Related Properties of Selected Entities Editing the CAD-Related Properties of Selected Entities . Using the Data Analysis Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing the Inverse Between Two Points . . . . . . . . . Measuring Positions Within the Graphics Window . . . . Viewing Note Records . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Viewing CAD Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Linework (Lines, Arcs, Curves) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Annotations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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GPS Site Calibration

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selecting the Calibration Components . . . . . Computing a Datum Transformation. . . Updating Default Projection Origin . . . Computing a Horizontal Adjustment. . . Computing a Vertical Adjustment . . . . Selecting the Calibration Point Pairs . . . . . . Selecting Calibration Point Pairs. . . . . Computing the Calibration Parameters . . . . . Analyzing the Calibration Parameters . . . . . Viewing a Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Calibration Report . . . . . . . . . . . . Applying the Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . Using a GPS Site Calibration in Future Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 . 224 . 226 . 227 . 227 . 228 . 229 . 230 . 232 . 233 . 235 . 235 . 239 . 239
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Feature Code Processing

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feature and Attribute Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transferring a Feature and Attribute Library to the Trimble Survey Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transferring the Survey Controller (*.dc) File to a Trimble Geomatics Office Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Processing Feature Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Undoing Feature Code Processing . . . . . . . . . . The Feature Code Processing Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314 . . . . . . 315 . . . . . . 315 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316 . 316 . 318 . 319
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Using the Plan View

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 Selecting Entities in a Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 Creating New Layers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 Editing Existing Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 Deleting Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 Creating Layers Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility . 326 CAD Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 Creating CAD Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327 Editing Existing CAD Styles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 Deleting CAD Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 Creating CAD Styles Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 Annotation Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 Creating Annotation Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Editing Annotation Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 Deleting Annotation Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335 Creating Annotation Templates Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
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Adding Entities to the Project

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Points by Coordinates . . . . . . Adding Points by Azimuth and Distance Adding and Editing Azimuth Observations. . . Adding Linework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Arcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Curves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adding Annotations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cutting, or Copying, and Pasting Entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 . 338 . 338 . 341 . 344 . 345 . 345 . 348 . 350 . 352 . 354 . 355
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Reporting on the Project

Introduction . . . . . . . Additional Reports . . . Points Report . . . Stakeout Reports . Level Report . . . . . . Report Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358 . 359 . 359 . 360 . 362 . 363
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Exporting to Third-Party Software Formats

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Export Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exporting to a Third-Party Software Format . . . . . Exporting NGS Bluebook Files . . . . . . . . . . . . Exporting Using the Trimble Data Exchange Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366 . 366 . 370 . 372 . 374
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Using Attributes in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 Defining Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378 Setting up a Project for Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 Exporting a Feature and Attribute Library to the Trimble Survey Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Collecting Attribute Information in the Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Importing a Data Collector (*.dc) File Containing Attributes . . . . . 384 Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files for Defining Attributes . . 385 Setting up a Project for Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 Exporting a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) File to the Trimble Survey Controller Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 Managing Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 Viewing Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 Editing Attribute Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 Adding Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 Deleting Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 Cutting, or Copying, and Pasting Points with Attributes . . . . . . . . 389 Reporting Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Creating a Custom Report Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Selecting Points to Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 Running the Custom Report . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 Exporting Attributes to an ASCII Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 Exporting Features and Attributes to a Geographic Information System (GIS) Format. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 GIS Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 Exporting Data to a GIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
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17
Utilities
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trimble Data Transfer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Data Transfer Utility from the Trimble Geomatics Office Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Standalone Data Transfer Utility . . . . . . . . . . Setting Up Devices Using the Data Transfer Utility . . . . . . Managing Your Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Coordinate System Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . When to Use the Coordinate System Manager Utility . . . . . Using the Coordinate System Manager Utility . . . . . . . . Using the Coordinate System Database . . . . . . . . . . . . Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . When to Use the Symbol Editor or the Line Type Editor Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor Utilities . . . Using Symbols and Line Types in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feature and Attribute Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . When to Use the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility . . . . . Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility . . . . . . . . . Using a Feature and Attribute Library in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DC File Editor. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . When to Use the DC File Editor Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . QuickPlan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . When to Use the QuickPlan Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Before Using the QuickPlan Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Using the QuickPlan Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Exiting the QuickPlan Utility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Convert to RINEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . When to Use the Convert to RINEX Utility . . . . . . . . . . Selecting Folders and Files. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 . 401 . 401 . 402 . 402 . 409 . 410 . 410 . 411 . 419 . 420 . 420 . 421 . 423 . 425 . 425 . 426 . 443 . 444 . 444 . 446 . 446 . 447 . 448 . 455 . 455 . 455 . 456
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Configuring the RINEX Conversion . . . Using the Header Field Override Dialog Using the Controls Dialog . . . . . . . . Creating the RINEX Conversion File . . A1 Viewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Files Supported by the A1 Viewer Utility Grid Factory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NGS Antenna Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Custom Import, Export, and Report Formats

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Field Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Context . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Name . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Other Field Codes . . . . . . . . . Custom Formats. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Format Header . . . . . . . . . . . Format Body . . . . . . . . . . . . Format Footer . . . . . . . . . . . Custom Format Definition Dialogs Creating an Export Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 . 470 . 471 . 471 . 472 . 472 . 474 . 474 . 474 . 474 . 475 . 477
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Recomputation
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How a Recomputation Determines the Calculated Positions for Observed Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How a Recomputation Determines Potential Starting Points . How a Recomputation Determines the Position and Quality for all Potential Starting Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . How a Recomputation Uses the Component Qualities to Determine the Current Starting Point . . . . . . . . . . How a Recomputation Applies Observations from the Current Starting Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GPS Observations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conventional and Laser Rangefinder Observations . . . . . . How Delta Elevations are Applied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . An Example of a Recomputation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . How a Recomputation Uses Multiple Observations and Coordinates for a Point . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multiple Observations to a Point. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multiple Observations to Sideshot Points . . . . . . . . . . . Multiple Observations and Meaning Coordinates . . . . . . . Multiple Observations to Traverse Points . . . . . . . . . . . Points with Keyed-in Coordinates and Observations . . . . . How a Recomputation Determines the Quality of Observed Points . Autonomous Base Position for Real-Time Kinematic Surveys Points Moved or Adjusted Using the Trimble Geomatics Office Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Project Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484 . 485 . 487 . 488 . 492 . 494 . 494 . 496 . 499 . 500 . 502 . 502 . 503 . 504 . 508 . 509 . 510 . 511 . 512 . 513
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Contents
Using the Recompute Report . . . . . . The Project Details Section . . . The Errors and Warnings Section The Point Derivations Section . . The Starting Points Section . . . The Traverse Report Section . . . The Survey Data Section . . . . .
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Glossary Index
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About This Manual

Welcome to the Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide. This manual describes how to install, set up, and use the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The Trimble Geomatics Office software lets you process the fieldwork from the Trimble Survey Controller software. Even if you have used other Global Positioning System (GPS) products before, Trimble recommends that you spend some time reading this manual to learn about the special features of this product. If you are not familiar with GPS, visit our web site for an interactive look at Trimble and GPS at: www.trimble.com
Trimble assumes that you are familiar with Microsoft Windows and know how to use a mouse, select options from menus and dialogs, make selections from lists, and refer to online help. The following sections provide you with a guide to this manual, as well as to other documentation that you may have received with this product.
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About This Manual
Related Information
Other manuals in this set include: Trimble Geomatics Office DTMLink User Guide This manual describes how to set up and use the DTMLink software. This software is a powerful tool for creating new surfaces and editing previously created surfaces. Trimble Geomatics Office RoadLink User Guide This manual introduces you to the RoadLink software. The RoadLink software is part of the Trimble Geomatics Office software. It is a powerful reduction and processing package that calculates cut and fill volumes for earthworks between the road design and the Contour Surface Model. Trimble Geomatics Office WAVE Baseline Processing User Guide This manual describes how to set up and use the WAVE Baseline Processing module, if you have this module installed. This module lets you process raw GPS field data collected using static, FastStatic, or kinematic survey techniques. Trimble Geomatics Office Network Adjustment User Guide This manual describes how to set up and use the Trimble Network Adjustment module, if you have this module installed. This module lets you adjust your GPS survey data to estimate and reduce the inherent errors. As well as being supplied in hardcopy, these manuals are also available in portable document format (PDF). These are available on the Trimble Geomatics Office CD. Other sources of related information are: Help the software has built-in, context-sensitive help that lets you quickly find the information you need. You can access it from the Help menu, by clicking the Help button in a dialog, or . by pressing
]1F[
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About This Manual
Release notes the release notes describe new features of the product, information not included in the manuals, and any changes to the manuals. They are provided as a PDF file on the CD. Use Adobe Acrobat Reader to view the contents of the release notes. ftp.trimble.com use the Trimble FTP site to send files or to receive files such as software patches, utilities, service bulletins, and FAQs. Alternatively, access the FTP site from the Trimble web site at www.trimble.com/support/support.htm. Trimble training courses consider a training course to help you use your GPS system to its fullest potential. For more information, visit the Trimble web site at www.trimble.com/support/training.htm.
Technical Assistance
If you have a problem and cannot find the information you need in the product documentation, contact your local Distributor. Alternatively, do one of the following: Request technical support using the Trimble web site at www.trimble.com/support/support.htm Send an e-mail to trimble_support@trimble.com.
Your Comments
Your feedback about the supporting documentation helps us to improve it with each revision. To forward your comments, do one of the following: Send an e-mail to ReaderFeedback@trimble.com. Complete the Reader Comment Form at the back of this manual and mail it according to the instructions at the bottom of the form.
Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2 xxi
About This Manual
If the reader comment form is not available, send comments and suggestions to the address in the front of this manual. Please mark it Attention: Technical Publications Group.
Document Conventions
The document conventions are as follows:
Convention Italics Definition Identifies software menus, menu commands, dialog boxes, and the dialog box fields. Represents messages printed on the screen. Identifies a software command button, or represents information that you must type in a software screen or window. Identifies the sequence of menus, commands, or dialog boxes that you must choose in order to reach a given screen. Is an example of a hardware function key that you must press on a personal computer (PC). If you must press more than one of these at the same time, this is represented by a plus sign, for example, + .
Helvetica Narrow Helvetica Bold
Select Italics / Italics
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CHAPTER
11
11

In this chapter:
s s s s s s
Introduction Feature and attribute libraries Transferring a feature and attribute library to the Trimble Survey Controller software Transferring the Survey Controller (*.dc) file to a Trimble Geomatics Office project Processing feature codes The Feature Code Processing report
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11.1
Introduction
Feature code processing involves processing feature codes collected in the field so that you can generate survey plans, or assign styles to points before exporting them. Depending on the feature codes you use, when you process feature codes the Trimble Geomatics Office software automatically does the following: Assigns styles to points Joins points together with straight or curved lines using line styles Annotates entities using annotation styles Adds points created by control codes
The procedure for using and processing feature codes involves several steps. Firstly, you create a Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) file. For more information, see Chapter 16, Using Attributes in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software. This file contains details about how each feature code should be processed. Secondly, you do one of the following: In the field, use the Trimble Survey Controller software to collect feature codes; that is, transfer the feature and attribute library to the Trimble Survey Controller software, enter feature codes in the Trimble Survey Controller, and then transfer the Trimble Survey Controller (*.dc) file to the Trimble Geomatics Office software. In the Trimble Geomatics software, enter feature codes in the Properties window. For more information, see Chapter 9, Viewing and Editing Data.
Finally, you process the feature codes using the Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) file that you created at the beginning. For information about attributes, see Chapter 16, Using Attributes in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software.
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11.2
Feature and Attribute Libraries

To process feature codes in a project, you need to select a feature and attribute library. A feature and attribute library contains procedures that define: feature codes point, line, and annotation styles control codes
You can use any Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) file to process feature codes. You can also use a feature code library from the TRIMMAP software. To create and edit feature and attribute libraries, use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility. For information on how to create a feature and attribute library, see Defining Attributes, page 378, or refer to the Feature and Attribute Editor Help.
11.3
Transferring a Feature and Attribute Library to the Trimble Survey Controller Software
When you measure a point in the field, you assign feature codes from a predefined list. To create this list in the Trimble Survey Controller software, transfer a feature and attribute library from the Trimble Geomatics Office software. This ensures that the same codes are used by all of the field crews so that when you combine all of the field work into one project, feature codes are consistent. Using a feature and attribute library also saves time. You do not have to type all of the codes in, you can simply select the appropriate feature codes from the list. Note A feature code does not have to come from the list; you can enter any code. If you use the Properties window in the Trimble Geomatics Office software to enter feature codes, enter them using the keyboard; you cannot select them from a list.
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For information on transferring a feature and attribute library to the Trimble Survey Controller software, see Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) Files, page 96. For information on using feature codes with the Trimble Survey Controller software, refer to the Trimble Survey Controller documentation.
11.4
Transferring the Survey Controller (*.dc) File to a Trimble Geomatics Office Project
After you complete your field work, transfer the Survey Controller (*.dc) file to a project. For information on transferring a Survey Controller (*.dc) file to the Trimble Geomatics Office software, see Importing Survey Controller (*.dc) Files, page 106. When you transfer a .dc file into your project, the Trimble Geomatics Office software automatically creates a selection set with the same name. Use this selection set when you process feature codes.
11.5
Processing Feature Codes

You can process any points that have feature codes assigned to them. When you process feature codes assigned to points collected in the field, process them using the same feature and attribute library that you transferred to the Trimble Survey Controller software. If you did not use a library to enter feature codes in the field, create a feature and attribute library that contains all of the feature codes that you used in the field.
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To process feature codes: 1. In the Plan view, select Tools / Process Feature Codes. The following dialog appears:
2. 3.
In the Feature and attribute library group, click Browse. The Browse dialog appears. Locate and select the feature and attribute library with which you want to process feature codes. This is usually the library you transferred to the Trimble Survey Controller software. Click Open. In the Process group, select the Selection set option. Select the selection set with the same name as the .dc file you imported. It is important to choose a selection set created from the imported .dc file. This ensures that the points are processed in the order in which they are collected. If you select points using any other selection method, unexpected feature code processing can occur.
4. 5. 6.
7.
Click OK to start processing feature codes.
The results of the feature code processing appear on the screen. The software records any errors or warnings in a feature code-processing report. The report is called FCpro.html, and is stored in the Reports folder of the project.
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If a feature code uses a CAD style (for example, a point style) that is defined in the feature and attribute library, the style is created in the software. If the style already exists in the software, the style from the library overwrites it. To view or edit CAD styles in the Trimble Geomatics Office software: Select Edit / Styles.
11.5.1
Undoing Feature Code Processing

If the result of the feature code processing is not what you expect, you can undo it. To do this: Select Edit / Undo.
To determine the cause of error in the feature code processing, check that: styles are defined correctly points were correctly coded in the field the correct selection set is being used control codes have been used correctly any styles in the Trimble Geomatics Office software that are overwritten by styles in the library with the same name
For feature code processing troubleshooting tips, refer to the topic Feature Codes Common Errors in the Help.
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11.6
The Feature Code Processing Report

When feature codes are processed, the Trimble Geomatics Office software creates a Feature Code Processing report (FCpro.html). The report can be viewed in your default HTML viewer. The Feature Code Processing report lists: the selection set used the feature and attribute library used any codes that were not processed
Use the report to examine any problems that occurred during feature code processing. For example, if a point in the selection set has a feature code that is not in the feature and attribute library, the report displays the following point details:
Point : 6 (no match found in feature code and attribute librarynot processed)
You need to fix any errors in the feature and attribute library and process feature codes again. Note If the feature code processing adds new entities to the database, (for example, a line) delete these entities or undo the feature code processing (select Edit / Undo) before processing feature codes again. Otherwise, multiple entities will be added on top of one another.
Tip You can process feature codes using a selection if you are sure the points are selected in the right order, and that the codes on the points do not rely on selection order. For example, you can process all points with the code tree once you have added tree to the feature code library.
In File / Project Properties / Reporting / View generated report, you can choose the way that you are notified that a system-generated report is available.
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You can choose: for the report to automatically appear on the screen for the report to automatically appear on error to be prompted that a report is available to be prompted that a report is available on error
For information on changing this option, see Changing the Reporting Options, page 31. To locate and open a report at any time: 1. 2. In Windows Explorer, locate the report in the Reports folder of the Trimble Geomatics Office project. Double-click the report.
The report opens in the HTML viewer.
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CHAPTER
12
12
Using the Plan View

In this chapter:
s s s s
Introduction Layers CAD styles Annotation templates
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Using the Plan View
12.1
Introduction
This chapter introduces layers, CAD styles, and annotation templates in the Plan view. It also shows you how to create, edit, and delete them. Layers organize data into different groups. CAD styles define how point, line, arc, annotation, and text entities are displayed in the Plan view. Annotation templates let you you assign text to points, lines, and arcs. For information about adding entities, see Chapter 13, Adding Entities to the Project.
12.2
Layers
A layer consists of a name, point style, line style, and text style. You can use layers to filter and organize data so that you can view different categories of data in your project. Organizing data into layers makes it easier to manage, for example, you can place all tree points in a layer named Trees. The default layer is used for all entities, unless you have added new layers to the project. All entities (points, lines, arcs, curves, text, and annotations) have a Layer field. To select the layer for an entity, use one of the following methods: When adding an entity to the project, select the layer from the Layer field in the appropriate dialog. Use feature code processing. For more information, see Creating Layers Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility, page 326. To select the layer for existing entities in the project, use the Properties window. To select the current layer for the project, use the Layer Selection tool.
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Any entities that you add to the project, but which do not have a layer defined, are added to the current layer. You can also use the Layer Selection tool to specify which layers you can see and select. Any changes that you make using this tool are updated in the Layers dialog, as shown below:
The Layers dialog lets you manage the layers for the project. Use it to create, edit, and delete layers in the project; and to select the current layer. You can also use the Layers dialog to specify which layers you can see and select, and which CAD styles are to be used for a layer. If a point has <By Layer> selected in the Point style field, the point style specified for the layer is assigned to the point. If a line, curve, or arc has <By Layer> selected in the Line style field, the line style specified for the layer is assigned to the line, curve, or arc. Similarly, if a text or annotation has <By Layer> selected in the Text style field, the text style specified for the layer is assigned to the text or annotation.
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12.2.1
Using the Plan View
Selecting Entities in a Layer

To select entities in a chosen layer: Choose Select / By Layer. The following dialog appears:
12.2.2
Creating New Layers

To create a layer in the Trimble Geomatics Office software: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: Select Edit / Layers. Click the Edit Layers tool.
The following dialog appears:
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2. 3. 4.
Click New. A new row appears in the dialog. In the Name column, enter a unique name for the layer. In the Point Style, Line Style, and Text Style fields, select default styles from the available lists. The lists of styles are the same as those in the Point Styles, Line Styles, and Text Styles tabs in the CAD Styles dialog. Any entities that have their style fields set to <By Layer> are displayed according to this field.
5.
To lock the layer, select the check box in the Locked field. When a layer is locked, you cannot select entities in the layer by clicking or using the commands in the Select menu. You also cannot edit or view them using the Properties window. The icon appears in the status bar when one or more layers have the Locked check box selected.
6.
To hide entities in the layer, clear the check box in the Visible field. Hidden entities are not selected if you use any of the Select commands. Click OK to add the new layer to the project.
7.
12.2.3
Editing Existing Layers

You can edit the properties of a default layer at any time. An entity can use the styles from the layer or its own styles. To edit an existing layer: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: Select Edit / Layers. Click the Edit Layers tool.
The Layers dialog appears. 2. 3. Select the style of the layer that you want to edit. Select the new value from the list and click OK.
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The software saves your changes in the project. Note If you have entities in the project that have <By layer> selected for the Point Style, Line Style, or Text Style fields, and you change the layers default value, then entities that have <By Layer> are updated with the new setting.
12.2.4
Deleting Layers
To delete a layer at any time: 1. 2. In the Plan view, select Edit / Layers. The Layers dialog appears. Select the appropriate layer and click Delete. If there are any entities (points, lines, arcs, curves, text, or annotations) in the layer, a dialog appears. Do one of the following: 3. To delete the layer and all entities in the layer, click Yes. To cancel the deletion of the layer, click No.
Click OK.
The software deletes the layer from the project.
12.2.5
Creating Layers Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility

A feature and attribute library can have instructions to put the following entities into layers: Features Annotations
Use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility to create feature and attribute libraries. When you create a feature code or an annotation style, select the layer that the entity is added to. If the layer does not exist in the project, a new layer is created.
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12.3
CAD Styles
CAD styles consist of the following:
This style ... Point Line Text defines how these entities are displayed ... points lines, curves, and arcs text and annotations
You can define styles in a project template, a project, or a feature and attribute library. The CAD styles available in a new project are the same as the styles in the template used to create the project. Project templates in the Trimble Geomatics Office software contain standard point styles based on the symbols in the Symbols.sym file. The templates also have a line style for each line type in the standard Linetype.ltp file. In the software, you can create, edit, and delete CAD styles. You can also create CAD styles, using the Feature and Attribute Editor utility. To assign CAD styles to entities in the project, use one of the following: The Properties window Feature code processing
12.3.1
Creating CAD Styles

This section shows you, by example, how to use the Trimble Geomatics Office software to create a CAD style for a point. If you want to create a CAD style for lines or text, the procedure is essentially the same. Every point in the project has a point style. You can create point styles to specify how points are displayed in the Plan view of the graphics window. A point style consists of a point symbol and the settings that configure the appearance of the point symbol. For more information, see Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor, page 420.
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Using the Plan View
To create a point style: 1. In the Plan view, select Edit / Styles. The following dialog appears:
2.
In the Point styles tab, click New. The following dialog appears:
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Using the Plan View
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3.
Table 12.1 Field Name Symbol
Complete the Create Point Style dialog using information in Table 12.1.
Items in the Create Point Style dialog Description Enter a unique name for the new point style. Select the required symbol. To view, add, or edit a symbol, use the Symbol Editor utility. For more information, see Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor, page 420. Select the color required for the symbol. If no color is selected, the default setting is Microsoft Windows Window text setting. If you have the default background set in the General tab of the Project Properties dialog, when you are plotting points this window defaults to black. If you have the black setting, it defaults to white. Enter the diameter required for the symbol. The interpretation of this field depends on the setting of the Dimensions field. The units for the Diameter field change depending on whether the Dimensions group is set to the Paper option or the Ground option. For some symbols (such as Dot) the diameter is not applicable so the field is unavailable.
Color
Diameter
Rotation
Use this field to control the orientation of the symbol. The interpretation of this field depends on the Dimensions setting. If the Dimensions option is set to Paper, the symbol is oriented relative to the top of the page. If the Dimensions option is set to Ground, the symbol is oriented relative to north.
Dimensions
Use this group to control the operation of the Diameter and Rotation fields. If the Paper option is selected, the diameter value of the symbol controls the size of the symbol as it would appear on paper. The representation of the paper units on the screen is calculated using the specified plot scale from the menu File / Sheet setup. If the Ground option is selected, the diameter value of the symbol is the size in the field. The size of the symbol plotted depends on the scale of the plot.
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12.3.2
Using the Plan View
Editing Existing CAD Styles

You can edit an existing CAD style at any time. If you edit a CAD style that is currently being used by an entity (point, line, arc, curve, annotation, or text) in the project, the entity is updated with the new CAD style settings. To edit an existing CAD style: 1. 2. 3. 4. In the Plan view, select Edit / Styles. The CAD Styles dialog appears. In the appropriate tab, select the CAD style that you want to edit and click Edit. Use the dialog that appears to specify the CAD style settings and then click OK. The CAD Styles dialog returns. Click Close.
12.3.3
Deleting CAD Styles

You can delete any CAD styles that are not currently referenced by an entity in the project. To delete a CAD style: 1. 2. In the Plan view, select Edit / Styles. The CAD Styles dialog appears. In the appropriate tab, select the CAD style that you want to delete and click Delete.
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Using the Plan View

12.3.4
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Creating CAD Styles Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility
You can also create point and line styles in feature and attribute libraries using the Feature and Attribute Editor utility. The new CAD styles appear in the Trimble Geomatics Office software after you process the feature and attribute library in which they are defined. You can then view CAD styles created by the library in the CAD Styles dialog. These new settings from the library overwrite any existing CAD style that has the same name. For information on creating CAD styles in the Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor utility, refer to the topic Point Styles Overview in the Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor Help.
12.4
Annotation Templates
Annotations are text associated with entities (points, lines, and arcs). The text that appears is defined by an annotation template. Annotation templates define: the entity types that are annotated when the template is used the actual text that appears the position of the annotation in relation to the entity
For information about adding annotations to the project, see Adding Annotations, page 354. Annotation templates can contain combinations of user-defined text and field codes. Field codes are expanded whenever the field being annotated changes. For example, if a point is annotated with its elevation, and the elevation for the point changes, the annotation is updated. Trimble supplies some predefined annotation templates for you.
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Using the Plan View
To view annotation templates: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: Select Edit / Annotation Templates. Select Insert / Annotations and then click Templates.
2.
From the Annotation templates list, select the annotation template that you want to view and click Edit. The Annotation Template dialog appears. You can view the annotation templates details. Click Cancel to return to the Annotation Templates dialog. Click Close.
3. 4.
12.4.1
Creating Annotation Templates

To create an annotation template using the Trimble Geomatics Office software: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: Select Edit / Annotation Templates. Select Insert / Annotations, and then click Templates.
The Annotation Templates dialog appears.
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Using the Plan View
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2.
Click New. The following dialog appears.
3.
Table 12.2 Field Name Text style
Use the information in Table 12.2 to complete the Settings tab.
Items in the Settings tab Description Enter a name for the annotation template. Select a text style for the annotation text. If you enter a text style that does not exist, the Create Text Style dialog appears. Use this dialog to define a new text style. If you select the <By Layer> option, the text style is based on the text style setting for the layer the annotation is added to. Enter the point annotation orientation you require. You can use any orientation from 0000'00" to 36000'00". The default is 9000'00".
Point annotation orientation
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Using the Plan View Items in the Settings tab (Continued) Description Place in To place the annotations in a specified layer, select this option. You can either select from the list of existing layers, or enter a new layer name. If you enter a new layer name, this layer is automatically created when the template is applied. Place in the current layer To place the annotations in the current layer, select this option. The current layer is displayed in the Layer Selection tool in the Plan view, and the Layers dialog. To access the Layers dialog, select Edit / Layers. Place in the annotated entity's layer To place annotations in the same layer as the entity being annotated, select this option.
Table 12.2 Field Layer
4.
Select the Points tab. Use this tab to specify the text that you want to appear with points annotated using this template. You can annotate a point with any combination of four default positions; Left, On, Right, or Floating. A floating annotation is linked to the point but clear of it.
Tip After you insert an annotation, you can move it from a default position in the graphics window. Use the mouse to drag the annotation to a more suitable location. The annotation is still linked to the point.
The text in each location can have a maximum of 100 alphanumeric characters. The annotations in each location can consist of user-defined text and field codes. To access the available field codes: Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and select Fields.
The field codes extract details from the project. For example, the field code [Name] annotates a point with its name. For more information, refer to the topic Field Codes Overview in the Help.
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Using the Plan View
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5.
If necessary, specify annotation text for the Lines and Arcs tabs in the same way, and then click OK.
The annotation template is saved and added to the list in the Annotation Templates dialog.
12.4.2
Editing Annotation Templates

You can edit annotation templates at any time. Any changes you make to annotation templates that are already used in the project are not updated. To edit an annotation template: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. In the Plan view, select Insert / Annotations. The Annotate dialog appears. Click Templates. The Annotation Templates dialog appears. Select the annotation template that you want to edit and click
Edit. The Annotation Template dialog appears.
Use the tabs to change the template settings as required and click OK. The Annotation Templates dialog returns. Click Close to return to the Annotate dialog.
12.4.3
Deleting Annotation Templates

You can delete annotation templates at any time. If you delete an annotation template that is used to annotate entities in the project, the existing annotations are not deleted. To delete an annotation template: 1. 2. 3. In the Plan view, select Insert / Annotations. The Annotate dialog appears. Click Templates. The Annotation Templates dialog appears. Select the appropriate annotation template and click Delete. The template is deleted from the list.
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Using the Plan View
4.
Click Close to return to the Annotate dialog.
12.4.4
Creating Annotation Templates Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility
You can create annotation templates in feature and attribute libraries using the Feature and Attribute Editor utility. Annotation templates created in feature and attribute libraries do not have a Text style field. When you process feature codes, annotation templates contained in the feature and attribute library are added to the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The standard text style is used. You can view them in the list of available annotation templates.
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CHAPTER
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13

In this chapter:
s s s s s s s
Introduction Adding points Adding and editing azimuth observations Adding linework Adding text Adding annotations Cutting, or copying, and pasting entities
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13.1
Introduction
Generally, you add data to a project by importing files, processing baselines, and processing feature codes. However, you can also add entities (points, lines, text and point annotations) manually. This chapter shows you how to add entities using the tools provided by the Trimble Geomatics Office software. Note Although you can add points in both views, you can only add lines, curves, arcs, text, and annotations in the Plan view.
13.2
Adding Points
Points are the main focus of a Trimble Geomatics Office project. You can add them to a project by importing a data file, or by using the Insert Points or Insert points by Azimuth and Distance dialogs. For information about imported data files, see Chapter 7, Importing Survey Data into the Trimble Geomatics Office Software and Chapter 5, Importing ASCII Data Files into the Trimble Geomatics Office Software. The following sections show you how to use the Insert Points and Insert Points by Azimuth and Distance dialogs.
13.2.1
Adding Points by Coordinates

To manually add points to a project, use the Insert Points dialog. This dialog allows you to enter the known coordinates and select qualities for the point. To access the dialog in the Survey view: Select Insert / Point.
To access the dialog in the Plan view, do one of the following:

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Select Insert / Point. Click the Insert Points tool.
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The dialog appears with the Grid option selected. If you select the WGS-84 or Local options, the fields in the Coordinate details group change. To enter information in each field, you can use the keyboard or field fill-in. Field fill-in automatically enters the information when you click the chosen point.
Tip You can use field fill-in to find an approximate coordinate for the point, and then edit the value.
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To complete the dialog: 1. 2. In the Name field, enter the point name. Do one of the following: If you want to use the Grid option, in the Northing and Easting fields enter the appropriate values. If you want to use the WGS-84 or Local options, in the Latitude and Longitude fields enter the appropriate values.
Note If you set the Display WGS-84 as field in the Units and Format tab of the Project Properties dialog to X, Y, Z ; the Latitude, Longitude and Height fields in the Coordinate details group are replaced by X, Y, Z fields respectively. 3. 4. In the Elevation and Height fields, enter the appropriate values. In the Coordinate type field, specify how points are saved in the database. Note The coordinate fields can only be edited when the selection in the coordinate type and the coordinate view are the same. 5. Click the Quality button next to each coordinate component and select the appropriate quality for each coordinate. To add the point to the project, go directly to step 11. However, to add CAD properties to the point so that you can use it in the Plan view, continue with step 7. You add CAD properties to a point, using the fields in the CAD details group.
6.
7.
To add a feature code to the point, in the Feature code field, enter a feature code value, using the keyboard or field fill-in.
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Tip To add a point along an observation line in the Survey view, or along any linework in the Plan view, hold the key while using field fill-in.
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8. 9.
To add a description for the point, in the Description field, enter a description, using the keyboard or field fill-in. In the Layer field, do one of the following: Select an existing layer from the list. Enter a new layer using the keyboard. To create a new layer, complete the New Layer dialog that appears. Enter a new layer using field fill-in. The layer value for that point appears in the field.
10. In the Point style field, do one of the following: Select an existing point style from the list. Enter a new point style using the keyboard. The Create Point Style dialog appears. Enter a new point style using field fill-in. The point style value for that point appears in the field.
11. To add the point, click Insert. 12. Click Close.
13.2.2
Adding Points by Azimuth and Distance

If you want to add a point using an azimuth and distance from a plan, use the Insert Points by Azimuth and Distance dialog. To access it, do one of the following: In either view, select Insert / Points by Azimuth and Distance. In the Plan view, click the Insert point by azimuth and distance tool.
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Enter the appropriate information in the fields: 1. 2. 3. In the Point name field, enter the point name. In the From point field, use the keyboard or field fill-in to enter an existing point name. In the Azimuth (Grid) field, enter an azimuth value. The format of this field depends on the option selected in the Azimuth Type group. In the Distance (Ellipsoid) field, enter a value. This field depends on the setting for the Display distance as field in the Units and Format tab of the Project Properties dialog. You can specify a unit of m (meters), ift (international feet), or sft (US survey feet). If you do not specify a unit, the current units for the project are used.
4.
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5.
In the Delta elevation field, do one of the following: If the new point has a lower elevation than the from point, enter a negative value. If the point has a greater elevation, enter a positive value.
If you do not specify a unit, the current units for the project are used. If you do not specify a delta elevation, the elevation of the new point will be null. This value is added to the elevation of the from point to derive an elevation for the new point. 6. 7. In the Azimuth Type group, select the Grid or Normal Section Fwd option. In the Method group, do one of the following: If you want to enter a traverse, select the Sequential option to automatically put the new point created into the From point field when a new point is added. If you want to enter radiations to points from the same from point, select the Radial option to keep the from point value the same.
8.
If you want a line added between the from and new points, select the Join check box. The software adds the line to the current layer and draws it in the default line style for the current layer. You can only see this line in the Plan view (provided the current layer has its visible property turned on). To add the point, click Insert.
9.
10. Click Close.
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13.3
Adding and Editing Azimuth Observations

To manually add or edit azimuth observations, use the Insert Azimuth dialog. This dialog lets you enter the azimuth between two points. To access the dialog in the Survey view: Select Insert / Azimuth. The following dialog appears:
To manually add an azimuth observation between two points: 1. Use the keyboard or field fill-in to enter point names in the From point and To point fields. If existing point names are entered, a calculated azimuth value is shown. If necessary, you can edit this value or its quality. How your azimuth is displayed (that is, as a grid or normal section forward azimuth), depends on the azimuth view setting. Note If the to point does not have a coordinate, the conversion between the grid azimuth and the normal section forward azimuth cannot be calculated, so the azimuth is displayed as null (?). 2. In the Azimuth Type field, specify how the azimuth is stored in the database, that is, as a grid or normal section forward azimuth. Note Both the coordinate view and coordinate type settings must be the same so that you can edit the coordinate details field. 3. 4.
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To add the azimuth to the project, click Insert. Click Close.
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13.4
Adding Linework
In your project, you can use the Trimble Geomatics Office software to add CAD linework between points. Lines can define boundaries, for example, fencelines, buildings, and pipelines. You can add linework by feature code processing, or by adding lines manually.
13.4.1
Adding Lines
To manually add a line between two points: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: In the CAD toolbar, click the Insert Linework Select Insert / Lines. tool.
2.
In the FromPointID field, do one of the following: Use field fill-in to select the first point that you want to use to define the line. Enter the point name for the first point that you want to use to define the line.
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3. 4.
In the ToPointID field, complete as for step 2. In the Layer field, do one of the following: Select the layer to which you want the line added. Enter a new layer name to create a new layer.
5. 6.
In the Line style field, select the line style that you want to use to display the line. To add the line, click Insert. The point you selected in the To Point field appears in the From Point field. You can continue adding lines without having to re-enter the from point. The line appears in the graphics window (provided the layer that you selected for the line has its visible property turned on).
7.
Click Close.
To view the properties of the line: Double-click the line to open the Properties window.
For more information, see Chapter 8, Using the Graphics Window and Selecting Entities.
Tip When the From Point field contains a valid point name and you want to quickly add lines, double-click a point when the To Point field is selected. This accepts the Layer and Line Style fields and adds the line.
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Adding linework for observations Observations in the Survey view do not appear in the Plan view. To create CAD linework from observations, in the Plan view, do the following: 1. Select Insert / Linework for Current Observations. The following dialog appears:
2.
Select or enter a value for the layer from the CAD Layer field that you want to assign to the corresponding observation type in the Observation type field. Select the (none) option from the CAD Layer field if you do not want to add linework for an observation type. Click OK. The lines appear in the graphics window (provided the layer that you selected for the line has its visible property turned on) and are placed in the specified layers.
3.
To view the properties of the line: Double-click the line to open the Properties window.
For information about selecting and editing entities, see Chapter 8, Using the Graphics Window and Selecting Entities.
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13.4.2
Adding Arcs
To add an arc between two points: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: In the CAD toolbar, click the Insert Arcs Select Insert / Arcs. tool.
2.
To enter values for the From Point ID field and the To Point ID field, do one of the following: Use field fill-in and click the appropriate points. Use the keyboard to enter the point name(s).
3.
To define the center coordinates for the arc, do one of the following: In the Center Point field, enter an existing point name, or use field fill-in to select an existing point. The coordinates for the point are copied to the Center Northing and Center Easting fields. In the Center Northing or Center Easting fields, use field fill-in to click a location in the graphics window. The coordinates are copied to these fields.
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If you enter a center point and center coordinates, the software uses the center point. Note If the distance between the from point and the center point is different from the distance between the to point and the center point, a warning message appears. It displays the difference between these distances. The arc is still drawn. However, the ends of the arc do not join to the points. This is because of the difference in the distances. Straight lines are drawn from the end of the arc to the points. 4. If you want to create a large arc, in the Small Arc field, select the False option. Otherwise, select the True option. There are always two possible arcs between two points that together define a circle. This setting defines which arc you want to draw as shown in Figure 13.1.
Large arc
Center point
Small arc
Figure 13.1
The possible arcs between two points
5.
In the Layer field, do one of the following: Select the layer to which you want the curve added. Enter a new layer name to create a new layer.
6.
In the Line Style field, select the line style that you want to use to display the arc.
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7.
To add the arc, click Insert. The arc appears in the graphics window (provided the layer you selected for the arc has its visible property turned on). Click Close.
8.
To view the properties of the arc: Double-click the arc to open the Properties window.
13.4.3
Adding Curves
You can create curves of best fit between points. Use these curves to define boundaries that are not straight lines, for example, water courses or tracks. To add a curve between points: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: In the CAD toolbar, click the Insert Curve Select Insert / Curves. tool.
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2.
To enter values for the From Point and To Point fields, do one of the following: Use field fill-in and click the appropriate points. Use the keyboard to enter the point name(s).
3.
In the Entry Tangent and Exit Tangent fields, leave the values as <Automatic>. This automatically enters the tangent values based on the lines going into and coming out of the curve when they are added in sequence. You can also enter your own tangent values. In the Billow field, enter a numerical value between zero and one. The billow defines how much width there is in the curve. The higher the billow, the larger the curve width. In the Layer field, do one of the following: Select the layer to which you want the arc added. Enter a new layer name to create a new layer.
4.
5.
6. 7.
In the Line Style field, select the line style that you want to use to display the curve. To add the curve, click Insert. The curve appears in the graphics window (provided the layer you selected for the curve has its visible property turned on). Each time you add a curve from a point that is used in another curve, the Trimble Geomatics Office software recalculates the existing curve to ensure a smooth curve is displayed. Click Close.
8.
To view the properties of the curve: Double-click the curve to open the Properties window.
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13.5
Adding Text
You can add text to the project, for example, you can add text to label roads. To add text: 1. In the Plan view, do one of the following: In the CAD toolbar, click the Insert Text Select Insert / Text. tool.
2.
In the Text expression field, enter the text that you want to add to the project. You can enter combinations of field codes and user-defined text. To access the available field codes: Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields.
For more information, see Field Codes, page 470. 3. In the Northing and Easting fields, do one of the following:
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Use field fill-in and click a location in the graphics window. Enter the northing and easting values.
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4.
In the Orientation field, enter a value to display the text at the required angle. If you leave it as a question mark (which is the default), the software writes the text horizontally in the graphics window. In the Anchor Type field, select the location of the text in relation to the selected coordinates. Figure 13.2 shows the different locations.
5.
2 1
5
Figure 13.2
4
Location of text in relation to coordinates
6.
In the Layer ID field, do one of the following: Select the layer to which you want the text added. To create a new layer, enter a new layer name.
7.
In the Text Style ID field, select a text style from the list. If you select <By Layer>, the software uses a default text style. This is the style that is selected for the layer the text is being added to. Click Insert. The text appears in the graphics window (provided the layer you selected for the text has its visible property turned on).
8.
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9.
Click Close.
To view the properties of the text: Double-click the text to open the Properties window.
13.6
Adding Annotations
Annotations display information about entities and are stored in the project. (Annotations differ from labels in that labels are not stored in the project, so you cannot export or report labels. For more information, see Labeling Points, page 142.) To add annotations to the project: 1. Select Insert / Annotations. The following dialog appears:
2.
In the Annotation template field, select the annotation template that you want to use. Annotation templates define: the text that is displayed an annotations position in relation to the point, arc, or line being annotated the layer in which the annotation is placed
For information about defining annotation templates, see Annotation Templates, page 331.
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3.
If necessary, select the Retain existing annotations check box. If you want to delete all existing annotations before adding the new annotations, clear this check box. In the Annotate group, select the Whole database option to annotate the whole database. If you want to annotate a selection, choose the Selection option. It is only available if there is a current selection set. For more information, see Selecting Entities, page 151. Click OK.
4.
5.
The annotations appear in the graphics window (provided the layer you selected for the annotation template has its visible property turned on). To view the properties of an annotation: Double-click the annotation to open the Properties window.
For information about selecting and editing entities, see Chapter 8, Using the Graphics Window and Selecting Entities.
13.7
Cutting, or Copying, and Pasting Entities

You can use the Cut, or Copy, and Paste commands to quickly move or copy the current selection of data. Do this if you want to copy: data between projects (for example, you can copy the control points between projects) points with attributes between projects CAD work into a report data into a project with a different coordinate system (for example, points from a project with a NAD-27 coordinate system can be copied and pasted into a project with a NAD-83 coordinate system)
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The Trimble Geomatics Office software copies entities into a project by using the coordinate values associated with them. It also copies the qualities for the points. When you copy a selection into another software application, all CAD information (such as lines, point styles, and annotations) of the selection is added to the new application. To copy, or cut, and paste data: 1. 2. In Select mode, drag a selection box around the entities that you want to paste. Do one of the following: Select Edit / Copy or click the Copy tool.
If you want to move the selection, select Edit / Cut or click the Cut tool.
The selection is held in the clipboard. Note Each new cut or copy replaces any previous selection. The copy of the selection stays on the clipboard even after you paste it into a project or another software application. 3. Do one of the following: To paste the selection in a Trimble Geomatics Office project, select Edit / Paste or click the Paste tool. To paste the selection in a software application other than the Trimble Geomatics Office software, use the paste command in the new application.
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In this chapter:
s s s s
Introduction Additional reports Level reports Report links
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14.1
Introduction
This chapter describes some of the reports that you can create using the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The reports provide summaries of projects and give you information that you can pass on to clients. You can create a report for an entire project or for only a particular selection of entities in the projectbefore you create the report make your selection using one of the techniques described in Chapter 8, Using the Graphics Window and Selecting Entities. The Trimble Geomatics Office software generates the reports in HyperText Markup Language (HTML) format and displays them on the default HTML viewer installed on your computer. The software supports the viewing of reports under Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 and 5, and Netscape Navigator 4. A typical project report includes a header containing the following project information: Project name User name Date and time Coordinate system and zone Datum Geoid model Units
To specify the information that appears in the report, create a custom report format. For more information, see Appendix A, Custom Import, Export, and Report Formats.
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14.2
Additional Reports
The Trimble Geomatics Office software also provides system database and custom reports. System database reports are predefined report formats that you can use to obtain a summary of the current project. Normally, you do not need to edit these reports. However, you can modify them by editing the Asciirpt.dat file located in the Program Files\Trimble\Trimble Geomatics Office\System folder. Custom reports are determined by primary record types or queries that you define, and which are in the database. You can create, or edit a custom report format. You can prevent these reports from being modified by editing the Asciirpt.dat file located in the Program Files\Trimble\Trimble Geomatics Office\System folder. To create and view these additional reports: 1. 2. Select Reports / Additional Reports. The Additional Reports dialog appears. In the Reports list, select the report that you want to view.
Note Where a report requires user entry, the name is followed by an ellipsis (...). If you choose such a report, the Trimble Geomatics Office software asks you to provide the parameters required to run the query. The Points report and Stakeout report are two examples of custom reports.
14.2.1
Points Report
The Points report summarizes the points in the project. To create and view this report, do one of the following: Select Reports / Additional Reports. In the Additional Reports dialog that appears, select the Points option and then click OK. In the project bar, select the Trimble Survey group, and then select the Points Report option.
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Figure 14.1 shows an example of a Points report.
Figure 14.1
Points report
14.2.2
Stakeout Reports
You can generate reports based on stakeout records in the database. For example, the software can report the cuts and fills for all staked points in the database. To create and view a Stakeout report: 1. 2. Select Reports / Additional Reports. The Additional Reports dialog appears. Select one of the following: All Staked Points As Staked report Design Points As Staked report Road Story board report Road Catch point report Road Point on Road report
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3.
Click OK.
Figure 14.2 shows an example of the Design Points As Staked report.
Figure 14.2
Design points As Staked report
These reports can be customized for your particular project. For more information, see Custom Formats, page 474.
Tip To select points for your Stakeout report, choose Select / Staked Points option.
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14.3
Level Report
The Level report shows the level observations and data for your Level file. It is stored in the <Project name>\Reports\Level folder. To access the report: Select Reports / Level Reports and then the Level file.
The report is displayed in the HTML viewer, as shown in Figure 14.3.
Figure 14.3
Level report
The report shows the following information: Leveling data This section summarizes the information displayed in the Digital Level Import dialog Leveling observations the leveling observations table shows the following information:
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ID From point Delta elevation
To point Quality
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B
14.4
Tip To select the leveling observation in the graphics window, select the observation ID. This link lets you easily view the level observation in the Properties window.
Report Links
Many of the reports in the Trimble Geomatics Office software contain links to: other parts of the report other reports the graphics window the Properties window
These links let you find points and investigate erroneous data more easily. For example, if you find a misclosure reported in the Recompute report, you can select the relevant point, locate it in the graphics window, and then investigate it further in the Properties window. For information on report links in specific reports, refer to the Help.
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In this chapter:
s s s s s
Introduction Export formats Exporting to a third-party software format Exporting NGS Bluebook files Exporting using the Trimble Data Exchange Format
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15.1
Introduction
Once you complete all processing using the Trimble Geomatics Office software, you can export project data to a third-party format for further processing or analysis. This chapter describes the third-party export formats available in the software. It also shows how to export an AutoCAD (*.dwg/*.dxf) file.
15.2
Export Formats
All export formats export points. However, some formats also export lines and text, for example, AutoCAD and TRIMMAP graphics files. The export formats are organized in the tabs in the Export dialog, as shown below:
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The tabs and their uses are described below: Survey to export survey data to a file or data collector. CAD / ASCII to export data to a variety of ASCII and CAD formats. GIS to export points and their associated attributes to GIS formats. Custom to export data in a custom ASCII format.
To access the formats, do one of the following: Select File / Export. Click the Export tool.
The Export dialog appears. You can do the following: Click Options to configure the version or format of the file to export. This button is only available if you can configure the selected format. Click Change to select the coordinate system for the file to be exported. You only need to use this option if you want to export coordinates in a different coordinate system from your project.
You can export selected entities or the whole project. To only export selected entities, use the Select menu. For more information, see Chapter 8, Using the Graphics Window and Selecting Entities. You can also select the order in which points are exported by using the sort data option. To change the order in which data is exported: 1. 2. In the Export dialog, select the Sort data check box. Choose to sort by one of the following: Database order Elevation Name Quality
Start time Data type Occupation length
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Tip The same sorting options are available in the Properties window.
In addition to the export formats provided, you can create your own custom ASCII export formats. For more information, see Appendix A, Custom Import, Export, and Report Formats. Note You can also add a new format by installing an external filter. External filter programs must be written as Dynamically Linked Libraries (*.dll) with specific functions created. You can add them to any tab in the Import or Export dialog. When installed, they appear as a normal import or export format. For more information, see the topic External Filters Overview in the Help. Table 15.1 describes the export formats provided.
Table 15.1 Name ArcView files AutoCAD files (dxf/dwg) AutoCAD file with attributes C&G standard format C&G with no quotes CMM files (cor, lev) Trimble GDM format MapInfo files Microstation file GIS CAD/ASCII CAD/ASCII CAD/ASCII CAD/ASCII GIS GIS A .dxf file containing points with attributes A C&G software standard ASCII format file A C&G software ASCII format file with no quotes Standard ASCII format files used by the Bureau of Land Management A coordinate file in the Trimble GDM standard format MapInfo GIS files containing points with attributes A Microstation .dgn file containing points with attributes A utility to help create NGS B and G Bluebook files. Third-party software export formats Tab GIS CAD/ASCII What it creates ArcView GIS files containing points with attributes A drawing exchange or a drawing file for AutoCAD
NGS Bluebook Export Survey
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Exporting to Third-Party Software Formats Table 15.1 Name Trimble Data Exchange Format Third-party software export formats (Continued) Tab Survey What it creates
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A Trimble-defined ASCII file that supports stations and coordinates, processed GPS vectors, terrestrial observations, laser observations, and leveling. Use this format to export observations to third-party software packages and to copy observation data into other Trimble Geomatics Office projects. A PacSoft ASCII format file Data in the Survey Data Management System format of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) An SDR33/20 file An SDRMap coordinate file A file in Autodesk fieldbook format. A STAR*NET 2D control points ASCII format file A STAR*NET 3D control points ASCII format file A STAR*NET observations ASCII format file A TERRAMODEL comma delimited format file A GPSurvey ASCII format file A TRIMMAP (or SDRmap) graphics file A WILDsoft ASCII format file A Trimble Zeiss Rec E/M5 coordinate file
Pacsoft format SDMS format
CAD/ASCII CAD/ASCII
SDR files SDRMap coordinates Autodesk fieldbook file
Survey CAD/ASCII CAD/ASCII
STAR*NET 2D control Survey points STAR*NET 3D control Survey points STAR*NET observations TERRAMODEL P,N,E,Z,20D file TPLANE Survey CAD/ASCII CAD/ASCII
TRIMMAP Graphics CAD/ASCII File WILDsoft format Trimble Zeiss Rec E/M5 format file CAD/ASCII CAD/ASCII
Note For more information on the GIS export options, see Exporting Features and Attributes to a Geographic Information System (GIS) Format, page 397.
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15.3
Exporting to a Third-Party Software Format

The following is an example that shows you how to export the project as an AutoCAD .dxf file. To create a .dxf file from your project: 1. Do one of the following: Select File / Export. Click the Export tool.
The Export dialog appears. 2. Select the CAD / ASCII tab, as shown below:
3.
Select the AutoCAD files (*.dxf,*.dwg) option.
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4.
Click Options. The following dialog appears:
5. 6. 7.
In the Data format field, select the required format. In the Version field, select the appropriate option. This depends on the version of AutoCAD you use. In the Prototype Drawing field, the default file is Symbols.dxf. It contains blocks for each symbol in the Symbols.sym file (the file supplied in the Trimble Geomatics Office software). The prototype drawing file selected is included in the exported file. The blocks are used in the AutoCAD software as a library for displaying points. If you used the Symbol Editor utility to add any symbols to the Symbols.dxf file, and you have points in the database that use the new symbol(s), you must: a. b. c. d. Open the Symbols.dxf file in the AutoCAD software. Use the AutoCAD software to add a block for each new symbol. Make sure that each block has the same name as the point style that uses the new symbol. Specify Symbols.dxf file as the prototype drawing, or else when you open the exported file in the AutoCAD software, points with unrecognized point styles appear as dots.
Note You can use any .dxf file as the prototype drawing file. Alternatively, do not use one at all.
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8. 9.
Click OK to return to the Export dialog. In the Export group, check that the Whole Database option is selected.
10. In the Coordinate system for Export data field, click Change to select the coordinate system for the file to be exported. Use this option if the file you want to export is in a different coordinate system than the Trimble Geomatics Office project. 11. When you are ready to create the file, click OK. The Save As dialog appears. 12. Locate the folder you want to export the file to. 13. In the File Name field, enter a name and then click Save. The software creates the file in the folder that you selected.
15.4
Exporting NGS Bluebook Files

NGS Bluebook files are defined by the United States government and are required for surveys that are submitted to the National Spatial Reference System. The rules for these surveys are contained in a blue book, and submitting these surveys is known as bluebooking. You can generate standard National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Bluebook files from the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The NGS Bluebook utility creates the following NGS Bluebook files for GPS baselines: NGS B contains project information G contains baseline information SERFIL an ASCII file containing the station SSN, ID, and names of stations from an existing project
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To export an NGS Bluebook file: 1. 2. Select File / Export. The Export dialog appears. In the Survey tab, select the NGS Bluebook files option. The following dialog appears:
If you have previously saved a bluebooking session, you are asked if you want to load the saved information. Note The NGS Bluebook Files dialog uses data associated with the selected set of independent processed baselines in your project. Before you export your NGS Bluebook files, you must complete all field work, processing, and quality assurance. Once you select baselines and initiate the export, you cannot add any baselines to the Bluebooking dialog without starting the export process again.
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The NGS Bluebook Files dialog contains the following tabs: Project Session Post Session Weather Station Pre Session Weather Miscellaneous
Note As each tabs required fields are completed, the * next to its name is removed. When there are no more fields to complete in the dialog, the Export button becomes available. 3. Enter the necessary information for your project. Click Export to enter a name for each file and select a location for each file. The default location is Trimble Geomatics Office\Projects\<Project Name>\Export.
For more information, refer to the NGS Bluebook Export topic in the Help.
15.5
Exporting Using the Trimble Data Exchange Format

The Trimble Data Exchange Format was designed by Trimble to: transfer survey data between Trimble Geomatics Office projects export survey data to other applications for network adjustments or other geodetic operations
Note If you are not using the Trimble Geomatics Office software to perform a network adjustment, check that your network adjustment software vendor supports this format. To export data using this format: 1. 2. 3. 4. In the graphics window, select the observations to be exported. Select File / Export. The Export dialog appears. In the Survey tab, select the Trimble Data Exchange Format option and click OK. The Save As dialog appears. Locate the folder that you want to export the file to.
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5.
In the File Name field, enter a name and then click Save. The software creates the file in the folder that you selected.
For more information about the Trimble Data Exchange Format, refer to the Help.
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CHAPTER
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In this chapter:
s s s s s s s s s s s s
Introduction Defining attributes Setting up a project for attributes Exporting a feature and attribute library to the Trimble Survey Controller software Collecting attribute information in the field Importing a Data Collector (*.dc) file containing attributes Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) files Managing attributes Cutting, or copying, and pasting points with attributes Reporting attributes Exporting attributes to an ASCII format Exporting features and attributes to a Geographic Information System (GIS) format
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16.1
Introduction
The Trimble Geomatics Office software supports the collection of attribute data for points. Collecting attribute data with feature codes for GPS or terrestrial observations is an efficient way to collect relevant information about spatial features. This chapter describes how to define, collect, report, and export attribute information.
16.2
Defining Attributes
This section shows how to define attributes for feature codes in a feature and attribute library. For information on creating feature and attribute libraries, see Feature and Attribute Editor, page 425. Note If you have the GPS Pathfinder Office software, you can use a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) file created in the Data Dictionary Editor utility to define attributes. For more information, see Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files, page 385. To create a feature and attribute library, use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility. The following example shows you how to create a new attribute for the feature code, power pole, in the Default.fcl file. This file is the Trimble-supplied feature and attribute library and is located in the Trimble Geomatics Office System folder. To define a new attribute for a feature code: 1. To open the Feature and Attribute Editor utility, click and then select Programs / Trimble Geomatics Office / Trimble Utilities / Feature and Attribute Editor.
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2.
Select File / Open. The following dialog appears:
3. 4.
Select Default.fcl and then click Open. Double-click PP (power pole). The following dialog appears:
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5.
Select the Attributes tab, as shown below:
The attributes defined for the power pole feature code appear. The predefined attribute (ID) is visible. 6. Create a new attribute. To do this: a. b. c. d. Click New to create a new attribute. The New Attribute dialog appears. In the Name field, enter Age. This attribute will collect the estimated age of the power pole. Select the Numeric option. Age is a numeric attribute type. Click OK to return to the Properties dialog.
The Attribute Properties group appears below the list of attributes.
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7.
Complete the options in the Attribute Properties group. To do this: a. b. c. d. e. In the Minimum field, enter 1. This specifies that a power pole cannot be less than one year old. In the Maximum field, enter 100. This specifies that a power pole cannot be more than a hundred years old. In the Decimal Places field, enter 0. In the Default field, enter 2. This sets the default age of a power pole at two years. In the Field Entry field, select Required. This means that you must enter an age value whenever you use the power pole feature code. Click OK to close the Feature Code Properties dialog.
f.
The attributes are defined. For more information, refer to the topic Attributes Overview in the Feature and Attribute Editor Help.
16.3
Setting up a Project for Attributes

Before you import attribute data to a project, select a feature and attribute library so that the Trimble Geomatics Office software knows the attribute definitions for features and attributes that will be imported with Survey Controller (*.dc) files. The software can then check that only valid attributes are added to the project. You can only have one feature and attribute library defining the attributes for each project. Set up a project for attributes before importing a .dc file containing attributes. Note If you have the GPS Pathfinder Office software, you can use a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) file created in the Data Dictionary Editor software to set up a project for attributes. For more information, see Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files, page 385.
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When you select a feature and attribute library for a project, the software creates a database table for each feature code with attribute definitions. The feature and attribute library is not stored in the project. This means that changes to the feature and attribute library do not affect projects using the library. The feature and attribute library that you select for the project should be identical to the library you use in the field with the Trimble Survey Controller software (version 7.0 or later). Once you add points with attributes to the project, you cannot select a different feature and attribute library for the project. To select a feature and attribute library for a project, do the following: 1. 2. 3. Select File / Project Properties. The Project Properties dialog appears. In the Features tab, select the Use attributes check box. The Library field becomes available. To select the appropriate Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) file: a. b. In the Attributes group, click Browse. Locate and select the appropriate feature and attribute library and then click Open. The path and name appear in the Library field.
4.
Click OK.
The software reads the library and adds the attribute definitions to the project. The project is now set up to use attribute data.
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16.4
Exporting a Feature and Attribute Library to the Trimble Survey Controller Software
When you have selected a feature and attribute library containing attributes, you can export the file to the Trimble Survey Controller software. For more information, see Chapter 6, Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software. Note If you have the GPS Pathfinder Office software, you can use a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) file created in the Data Dictionary Editor utility in the Trimble Survey Controller software to collect attributes in the field. For more information, see Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files, page 385.
16.5
Collecting Attribute Information in the Field

Once you transfer a feature and attribute library to the Trimble Survey Controller software, you can collect attribute information in the field. You can select a feature code for each point and enter the relevant attribute data. For more information about collecting attributes using the Trimble Survey Controller software (version 7.0 or later), refer to the Trimble Survey Controller Reference Manual.
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16.6
Importing a Data Collector (*.dc) File Containing Attributes

This section shows how to import Survey Controller (*.dc) files containing attributes from the Trimble Survey Controller software into a Trimble Geomatics Office project. For more information, see Importing Survey Controller (*.dc) Files, page 106. To import a Survey Controller (*.dc) file: 1. 2. 3. 4. Make sure that the Trimble Survey Controller software is in Import/Export mode. In the Trimble Geomatics Office software, select File / Import. The Import dialog appears. Select the Survey devices option. The Open dialog appears. Select a Survey Controller device. Make sure that the data collector is connected to the correct COM port on your computer and is in the PC connection mode. Click Open. Select the .dc file from the appropriate location in the Trimble Survey Controller software and then click Open. The .dc file transfers to the Trimble Geomatics Office project. If the feature and attribute library used in the .dc file matches the one defined for the project, the import proceeds as normal. However, if the libraries differ, a dialog appears. 7. From the dialog, select one of the following options: To import attributes, click Yes. The software imports any attribute information that the projects feature and attribute library recognizes. It warns you that you may lose data. Any attribute data that is not imported is recorded in the <file name>.html report. This file is stored in the Reports folder of the project. To import points and ignore attributes, click No. To cancel the import, click Cancel.
5. 6.

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16.7
Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files

If you have the GPS Pathfinder Office software, you can use a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) file created in the Data Dictionary Editor utility for defining attributes.
16.7.1
Using Data Dictionary (*.ddf) Files for Defining Attributes

Use the Data Dictionary Editor utility to define features and attributes. A feature is the same as a feature code. However, a feature in a .ddf file does not have any CAD-related information, such as point styles, attached. Note The Trimble Geomatics Office software and Trimble Survey Controller software (version 7.0 or later) only support point features. If you define any line or area features in a .ddf file, these are converted to point features when you use the .ddf file to set up a project for attributes, or when you export the file to the Trimble Survey Controller software (version 7.0 or later).
16.7.2
Setting up a Project for Attributes

To set up a project for attributes using a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) file, follow the procedure in Setting up a Project for Attributes, page 381. However, in step 3, select a .ddf file for the Library field.
16.7.3
Exporting a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) File to the Trimble Survey Controller Software
You can export a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) file to the Trimble Survey Controller software (version 7.0 or later). You can then use the file to collect attribute information in the field. For more information, see Chapter 6, Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software.
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16.8
Managing Attributes
The following sections show how to view, edit, add, and delete attributes in the Trimble Geomatics Office software by using the Properties window.
16.8.1
Viewing Attributes
To view the attributes of a point in the software, use the Properties window. To do this: 1. In the graphics window, double-click on a point with attribute information. The following window appears:
2.
Select the Attributes tab. Note The Attributes tab only appears if you have the project set up for attributes. For more information, see Setting up a Project for Attributes, page 381.
3.
Click the drop-down arrow in the Features field, and select the appropriate feature code.
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The attribute data for the displayed feature code in the Features field appears:
16.8.2
Editing Attribute Values

To edit attribute values in the software, use the Properties window. The software checks the new value to ensure that it is valid according to the projects attribute definitions. To edit an attribute value, do the following: 1. 2. 3. Double-click a point with attribute information. Select the Attributes tab. The Attribute name and Value columns show the points attribute information. To edit an attribute value, click the appropriate field in the Value column. For menu attributes: Select a value from the list of available attribute values
For all other attribute types: Enter the new value for the attribute. (You cannot use field fill-in for attributes.) For more information, refer to the Help.
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16.8.3
Adding Attributes
Use the Properties window to add attributes to points. This is useful if you have a point already in the project and now want to enter attribute information. You can add more than one feature code with attributes to a point. Before you can add attribute data, you must set up the project for attributes. For more information, see Setting up a Project for Attributes, page 381. To add attribute data to a point: 1. 2. Double-click on the point to which you want to add attributes. Select the Attributes tab. Click and from the menu that appears, select Insert. The list of available feature codes with attributes appears, as shown below:
3. 4.
Select the feature code that you want to add. Enter appropriate values for the attributes.
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Note The Trimble Geomatics Office software checks that you have entered valid values according to the feature and attribute library definition.
16.8.4
Deleting Attributes
Use the Properties window to delete attribute values. To do this: 1. 2. 3. 4. Double-click the point that you want to delete attributes from. The Properties window appears. In the Attributes tab, select the feature code you want to delete the attributes for. Click and from the menu that appears, select Delete.
Repeat the above steps for any other feature codes with attributes that you want to delete.
16.9
Cutting, or Copying, and Pasting Points with Attributes

If you have a project containing points with attribute data and you want to use new feature codes with attributes, you cannot do this in the current project because the projects attribute definitions are already being used. However, with the Trimble Geomatics Office software, you can use standard Windows procedures to cut, or copy, and paste points with attributes from one project to another. When you cut, or copy, and paste points with attributes between projects, the software checks for differences in the attribute definitions between the two projects. The checks that the software makes are the same as those it carries out when you import a .dc file. Only points with attributes where the attribute definitions are the same in both projects are pasted.
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To cut, or copy, and paste points with attributes from one project to another: 1. Use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility to add the new feature codes with attributes to the library that you used in your project. Do not change the original attribute definitions. For more information, refer to the Feature and Attribute Editor Help. 2. 3. Create a new project. For more information, see Creating a Project, page 24. Select the new feature and attribute library for the new project. For more information on setting up a feature and attribute library, see Feature and Attribute Editor, page 425. 4. Copy and paste the points with attributes from the original project to the new project. For more information, refer to the topic Selecting Entities Overview in the Help. Because the new project has different attribute definitions to the original project, a dialog appears. 5. Click Yes to paste all points and any attribute information that the new project recognizes.
If you have not changed the definition of attributes used in the original project, the software pastes all points with attributes into the new project. You can now import points with new attributes. Note You cannot add a new attribute to an existing feature code with attributes if it has been used in a project.
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16.10
Reporting Attributes
To create a report that shows the attributes for points in the project, the general procedure is as follows: 1. 2. 3. Create a custom report for each feature code with attributes in the project. Select the required points with attributes. Run the appropriate report.
The next sections provide more information about this procedure.
16.10.1
Creating a Custom Report Format

To create a custom report format: 1. In the Survey view, select Reports / Additional Reports. The Additional Report dialog appears.
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2.
Click New. The following dialog appears:
3. 4. 5.
In the Name field, enter a name for the report. In the Description field, enter a description of the report. (This is optional.) From the Report on list, select the Point records option. This is because you are reporting on points.
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6.
Click Fill Format Automatically. The following dialog appears:
7.
Select the way that you want to separate each field header and value. For more information about this dialog, press to access the Help. Click OK. The Format header field fills with field headings from the points table. The Format body field fills with field values from the points table. In the Format header and Format body fields, delete any field headings or values that you do not want to include in the report.
]1F[
8.
9.
10. In the Format header field, enter any other attribute headings that you want to include in the report format. 11. Add the attributes that you want to include in the report. To do this: a. b. In the Format body field, right-click to access the shortcut menu. Select Fields / Advanced / Attributes. All feature codes with attribute definitions in the project appear in the next submenu.
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c.
Select a feature code from the selection in the submenu, as shown below:
The attributes for the feature code appear in the next submenu. d. Select the attribute that you want in the report. The attribute appears in the Format body field.
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Tip Select the asterisk (*) option to add all of the attributes to the Format body field.
12. If you did not select the asterisk option, repeat step 11 for each attribute that you want in the report. 13. Click OK. The format appears in the Additional Reports dialog.
16.10.2
Selecting Points to Report

Before you run an attribute report, select the points that have the required attributes. To do this: 1. In the Plan view, choose Select / By Point Feature. For example, if you want to report on all tree features, enter Tree in the Select by Point Feature dialog. Click OK.
2.
All points that have the feature code with attributes that you specified are selected. The Feature Code field of the point is not used in this query.
16.10.3
Running the Custom Report

Once you have selected the points that you want in the report: 1. 2. Select Reports / Additional Reports. The Additional Reports dialog appears. To run the report, do one of the following: In the Reports list, select the report name and click OK. Double-click the report name.
The default HTML viewer opens and the software reports the features and attributes for the selected points.
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16.11
Exporting Attributes to an ASCII Format

To export points with their associated attributes to an ASCII file: 1. In the Plan view, choose Select / By Point Feature and select the feature codes with attributes that are associated with the points you want to export. Do one of the following: Select File / Export. Click the Export tool.
2.
The Export dialog appears. 3. 4. Select the Custom tab. To use a predefined attribute export format, select one of the following options: 5. 6. Name,Latitude,Longitude,Height,All Attributes (Local) Name,North,East,Elevation,All Attributes
In the Export group, select the Selection option to export the selected points and then click OK. The Save As dialog appears. In the File name field, enter the name for the file and then click
Save.
The file is created in the folder you have selected. For information about defining a custom export format, see Appendix A, Custom Import, Export, and Report Formats.
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16.12
Exporting Features and Attributes to a Geographic Information System (GIS) Format

This section describes the GIS export capabilities of the Trimble Geomatics Office software.
16.12.1
GIS Formats
You can export data in the following GIS software formats: ArcView (*.dbf/*.shp/*.shw) Shapefiles AutoCAD with Attributes (*.dxf) files MapInfo (*.mif/*.mid) files Microstation (*.dgn) files
You can configure the file format depending on the software package to which you are exporting. For information about the export options for each format, refer to the appropriate GIS format information in the Help.
16.12.2
Exporting Data to a GIS

To export data in a GIS format: 1. Do one of the following: Select File / Export. On the standard toolbar, select the Export tool.
The Export dialog appears. 2. 3. In the GIS tab, select the appropriate format. Click Options to change any export options. The Export Options dialog appears. The options to select in this dialog depend on the GIS format you selected.
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4.
Click Attributes if you want to add any of the following information as attributes: Date recorded you do not need this if you already have a date attribute. Time recorded you do not need this if you already have a time attribute. Point elevation use this if your GIS format is a 2D GIS and you want to export elevations for points as an attribute. Horizontal precision use this if you need horizontal precision values in your GIS. Vertical precision use this if you need vertical precision values in your GIS.
The Attributes dialog appears. 5. Do the following: a. Select the other attributes that you want created in the export file. These are in addition to the attributes collected for feature codes. In the Export Menu Attributes As group, select the values that you want to export to the GIS format. These values are defined in the feature and attribute library. b. 6. 7. 8. 9. Click OK to close the Attributes dialog.
Click OK to close the Export Options dialog. Click OK in the Export dialog. The Save As dialog appears. Locate the folder where the exported file is to be saved. If the File name field is available, enter a name for the new file. If the File name field is not available, this means that the software creates the file name automatically. With most GIS formats it uses the feature code name.
10. Click Save to create the new file.
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CHAPTER
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In this chapter:
s s s s s s s s s s s
Introduction Trimble Data Transfer Coordinate System Manager Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor Feature and Attribute Editor DC File Editor QuickPlan Convert to RINEX A1 Viewer Grid Factory NGS antenna models
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Utilities
17.1
Introduction
This chapter introduces the Trimble Geomatics Office utilities and uses examples to show how they link with the Trimble Geomatics Office software. Each utility also has a Help system that you can access from the Help menu. To open a utility, do one of the following: Click and then select Programs / Trimble Geomatics Office / Trimble Utilities / <utility>. In the Trimble Geomatics Office software, when there is no project open, use the Utilities group in the project bar. To do this: a. b. In the project bar, click the Utilities group. Click the appropriate shortcut.
In the Trimble Geomatics Office software, when there is no project open, select the appropriate utility from the Utilities menu.
Note Not all utilities are available in the project bar, and the Data Transfer utility is not available from the Utilities menu.
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17.2
Trimble Data Transfer

The Trimble Geomatics Office software uses the Data Transfer utility to transfer data to or from the following devices: a data collector running the Trimble Survey Controller software a survey data card a Trimble GPS receiver a Trimble total station an SDR data recorder
You can also use the Data Transfer utility as standalone software to transfer data without using the Trimble Geomatics Office software. To use the Data Transfer utility, you need the correct cables for connecting your device to your computer. For information about the cables you need, refer to the documentation for the device you are using. The following sections describe the basic functions of the Data Transfer utility when accessed from the Trimble Geomatics Office software. For more information, refer to the Data Transfer Help. For information about using the Data Transfer utility to transfer files, see Chapter 6, Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software and Chapter 7, Importing Survey Data into the Trimble Geomatics Office Software.
17.2.1
Using the Data Transfer Utility from the Trimble Geomatics Office Software
The Data Transfer utility starts whenever you use the Export or Import dialogs to transfer files to or from a Trimble device. For example, to open the utility you can select the Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) to Survey Controller option in the Export dialog.
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17.2.2
Utilities
Using the Standalone Data Transfer Utility

You can use the Data Transfer utility as a standalone utility. Do one of the following: Click and then select Programs / Trimble Geomatics Office / Trimble Utilities / Data Transfer. When there is no project open, select Utilities / Data Transfer. When there is no project open, in the project bar, click the Utilities group and then click the Data Transfer shortcut.
This lets you transfer any file type to any device.
17.2.3
Setting Up Devices Using the Data Transfer Utility

Before using the Data Transfer utility to transfer files between the Trimble Geomatics office software and a device, you may need to set up a device. You can set up the following types of device: a data collector running the Trimble Survey Controller software a survey data card a Trimble GPS receiver a Trimble total station an SDR data recorder
Devices are system wideonce you have set up a device, it is available in all projects. The following sections show you how to set up a Trimble Survey Controller device, a GPS receiver device and a survey data card device.
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Setting up a Trimble Survey Controller device Set up a Trimble Survey Controller device before transferring files to or from the Trimble Survey Controller software. When you have added a Trimble Survey Controller device, you can connect to the Trimble Survey Controller software during import or export. The Trimble Geomatics Office software already has a device for a Trimble Survey Controller defined. This section shows how to create your own custom device if necessary. To set up a Trimble Survey Controller device: 1. Do one of the following: Select the Export Select File / Export. Select the Import Select File / Import. tool. tool.
The appropriate dialog appears. 2. 3. In the Survey tab, select the Survey devices option. Click OK. The Save As or Open dialog appears:
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The Look in field is set to Devices. Previously created device definitions appear in the window.
Tip In the project bar, click the Survey Device shortcut in the Trimble Survey, Import, or Export groups as a shortcut to the Open or Save As dialog.
4.
Do one of the following: Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select New. Click the Create new device button.
5. 6.
Select the Survey Controller option and click OK. The Create Remote Device dialog appears. In the Port field, select the computer port that will be connected to your Trimble Survey Controller software and then click Next. The Enter Device Name dialog appears. In the Name field, enter a name for the new Trimble Survey Controller device. This is the name that appears in the Save As dialog. For example, enter My Survey Controller.
7.
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8.
Click Finish. The following dialog appears:
It displays the new Trimble Survey Controller device. The Trimble Survey Controller device is now set up. You can transfer data between your computer and the Trimble Survey Controller software. Setting up a GPS receiver device Set up a GPS receiver device before transferring files from a GPS receiver. Once you add a GPS receiver device, you can connect to a GPS reciver device when you import. To set up a GPS receiver device: 1. Do one of the following: Select the Import Select File / Import. tool.
The Import dialog appears. 2. In the Survey tab, select the Survey devices option and click OK. The Open dialog appears. The Look in field is set to Devices and previously created devices appear in the window.
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Tip In the project bar, you can also click the Survey Device shortcut in the Trimble Survey or Import groups to display the Open dialog.
3.
Do one of the following: Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and select New. Click the Create new device button.
The Create New Device dialog appears. 4. Select the GPS receiver (5000 Series) option and click OK. The Create Remote Device dialog appears. Note You can only use the GPS Receiver 5000 option to connect to a 5000 series receiver, that is, the 5700 receiver. To connect to a 4000 series receiver, use the GPS Receiver 4000 option. 5. In the Port field, select the computer port you use to connect to your GPS receiver and then click Next. The Enter Device Name dialog appears. In the Name field, enter a name for the new GPS receiver device. This is the name that appears in the Save As dialog. For example, enter My GPS receiver.
6.
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7.
Click Next. The following dialog appears:
8.
Select the appropriate serial port settings to allow your computer to communicate with the GPS receiver and then click Next. The Download Properties dialog appears. Click Finish. The Open dialog appears. The new GPS receiver device appears in the window.
9.
The GPS receiver device is now set up. You can transfer data to your computer from a GPS receiver.
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Setting up a survey data card device If your computer has a PC card drive, you can use it to transfer data to or from the Trimble Geomatics Office software. Set up a survey data card device before transferring files. To set up a survey data card device: 1. Do one of the following: Select the Export Select File / Export. Select the Import Select File / Import. tool. tool.
The appropriate dialog appears. 2. In the Survey tab, select the Survey devices option and click OK. The Save As or Open dialog appears. The Look in field is set to Devices. Any devices that you have already created appear in the window. Do one of the following: Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select New. Click the Create new device button.
3.
The Create New Device dialog appears. 4. 5. Select the Survey Data Card option and click OK. The Create Survey Data Card Device dialog appears. In the Folder field, select the name of the drive that the survey data card is connected as and then click Next. The Enter Device Name dialog appears. In the Name field, enter a name for the new survey data card device. This is the name that appears in the Save As dialog. For example, enter My PC Card on D drive.
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7.
Click Finish. The Save As or Open dialog appears. The new survey data card device appears in the window.
The survey data card device is now set up. You can now transfer data between your computer and a survey data card inserted in a PC card drive on your computer.
17.2.4
Managing Your Devices

You can create several devices if you have more than one connection to the same device. For example, you can set up more than one Trimble Survey Controller device. Viewing the properties of a device To view the properties of a device: 1. Access the Open or Save As dialogs. For information on how to open these dialogs, see Setting up a Trimble Survey Controller device, page 403. Select the appropriate device. Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and select Properties. The appropriate Properties dialog appears. If a field is unavailable, that setting is not applicable for the device. Edit the Properties dialog as required and click OK to apply your changes. The Open or Save As dialog returns.
2. 3.
4.
Deleting a device To delete a device at any time: 1. Access the Open or Save As dialogs. For information on how to open these dialogs, see Setting up a Trimble Survey Controller device, page 403. Select the appropriate device.
2.
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3.
Do one of the following: Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Delete.
The following message appears:

Are you sure you want to delete <device name> ?
4.
Do one of the following: To delete the device, click Yes. The device is removed from the list in the dialog. To cancel the delete, click No. You are returned to the dialog.
17.3
Coordinate System Manager

Trimble provides you with an extensive set of predefined coordinate system definitions. With Trimbles Coordinate System Manager utility you can: access your coordinate system database (Current.csd) create additional coordinate system definitions for the coordinate system database
17.3.1
When to Use the Coordinate System Manager Utility

Use the Coordinate System Manager utility to add definitions that are not included in the Trimble-supplied set of coordinate system parameters, or when new parameters are published.
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You can add and edit: ellipsoids datum transformations coordinate systems site definitions geoid models
You select a coordinate system for a project in the Trimble Geomatics Office software from the coordinate system database. Note You cannot edit any of the Trimble coordinate system parameters. These records appear in red in the Coordinate System Manager window. However, you can copy or duplicate them and edit the copied version. When you create a new record, it is displayed in blue in the Coordinate System Manager window. You can edit any of these records.
17.3.2
Using the Coordinate System Manager Utility

If the coordinate system database does not have the coordinate system you need, you can define a new coordinate system. In the Coordinate System Manager utility, duplicating a record lets you paste it in the same group but with a different name. You can then edit the parameters of the new record. Copying a record lets you paste it to a different group. This example shows you how to: duplicate an existing ellipsoid record and edit its parameters to create a new ellipsoid create a datum transformation using the new ellipsoid create a coordinate system zone using the new datum transformation
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Note Make sure that you use the Coordinate System Database (Current.csd) file, which is located in \Program files\Common files \Trimble\GeoData in the Coordinate System Manager utility. The Trimble Geomatics Office software uses this file to determine the available coordinate systems when you change the coordinate system for your current project. Duplicating an existing ellipsoid Duplicate a predefined ellipsoid record so that you can edit the new ellipsoid record as required. This is useful when most of the parameters are correct and you only want to make small changes. The following example shows how to add a new ellipsoid record to the coordinate system database by duplicating an existing one. Note You can duplicate ellipsoids, datum transformation groups, coordinate system zones, sites, and geoid models. For more information, refer to the topic Duplicate Command in the Coordinate System Manager Help.
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To create a new ellipsoid record in the Coordinate System Manger utility by duplicating an existing one: 1. In the Ellipsoids tab, select the ellipsoid that you want to duplicate (for example, Clarke 1866):
2.
Select Item / Duplicate. The following dialog appears:
3.
In the To field, enter an ellipsoid name.

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Note Although an export name is required, the Trimble Geomatics Office system does not use it. 4. Click OK. The following dialog appears:
All fields have the same values as the ellipsoid record you duplicated. 5. Change any field values if necessary and click OK to create the new ellipsoid record.
New ellipsoids appear in blue to show that they are user-defined records. Adding a new datum transformation You can now use the new ellipsoid record to create a new datum transformation definition. You can add datum transformation definitions to existing datum transformation groups if there is no datum transformation of the same method (for example, seven parameter) defined in that group. To add a datum transformation to the database: 1. 2. When any tab is selected, select Edit / Add Datum Transformation. From the submenu, select a datum transformation method.
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3.
Select the Create a new group of Datum Transformations check box. This creates a new datum transformation group, as shown below:
4. 5. 6. 7.
Click OK. The appropriate Datum Transformation Properties dialog appears. In the Name field, enter a name for the datum transformation group. From the list in the Ellipsoid field, select the ellipsoid you created in the previous section. If you selected the Molodensky or Seven Parameter method: a. Select the from WGS-84 (from WGS-84 ellipsoid to local ellipsoid) option, or the to WGS-84 (from local ellipsoid to WGS-84 ellipsoid) option. Enter the necessary transformation parameters.
b.
If you selected the Multiple Regression or Datum Grid method: From the available list(s), select the new datum transformation file created for the new ellipsoid record.
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8.
Click OK to create the new datum transformation group, as shown below:
New datum transformations in the Datum transformation tab have blue icons to show that they are user-defined records. The new datum transformation is added to the database.
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Adding a new coordinate system zone The datum transformation group you created in the previous section can now be used to define a new coordinate system zone. The following steps show how to duplicate an existing coordinate system zone, then edit the parameters to use the new datum transformation created in the previous step. All coordinate system zones belong to a coordinate system group. These groups do not contain any coordinate system definitions. For more information on coordinate system groups, refer to the topic Coordinate System Group in the Coordinate System Manager Help. To add a new coordinate system zone to the database: 1. Select the Coordinate Systems tab, as shown below:
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In the left pane, select the name of the coordinate system group you want to create the new zone under (for example, the US State plane 1983 group). The zone names in the coordinate system group appear in the right pane. Select the coordinate system zone name you want to duplicate. For example, select the name California Zone 4 if you selected the US State Plane 1983 group. Select Item / Duplicate. The Duplicate Record dialog appears. In the Name field, enter a coordinate system zone name. The export name is the name you see when you use the coordinate system database to select a coordinate system for a project in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. Click OK. The following dialog appears:
3.
4. 5.
6.
7.
In the Zone Parameters tab, do the following: a. b. In the Datum name list, select the datum transformation group you defined in the previous section. In the Datum method list, select the datum method you defined in the previous section. This list shows the methods available for the datum transformation group.
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8.
In the Geoid Model tab, do the following: a. From the Method list, select a method for calculating the elevation relative to mean sea level. For example, select the Geoid Grid Model method. Different fields become available depending on the geoid method you select. For example, if you selected the Geoid Grid Model method, the Model field becomes available. b. In each available field or list, enter an appropriate value.
9.
In the Projection tab, edit the projection parameters if necessary and click OK.
New coordinate system zone definitions are displayed in blue in the Coordinate Systems tab. This is to show that they are user-defined records.
17.3.3
Using the Coordinate System Database

For information about using the coordinate system database in the Trimble Geomatics Office software, see Selecting a Coordinate System from the Coordinate System wizard, page 45.
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17.4
Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor

Use Trimbles Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor utilities to edit the symbol and line type libraries used by the Trimble Geomatics Office software. Creating a symbol in the Symbol Editor utility does not automatically make the symbol available in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. You must use the newly-created symbol to define a point style. The new point style can then be assigned to points in the database. Similarly, creating a line type in the Line Type Editor utility does not automatically make the line available in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. You must use the newly created line type to define a line style.
17.4.1
When to Use the Symbol Editor or the Line Type Editor Utilities
The point symbols and line types that the Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor utilities create and edit become the symbols and line types in the Trimble Geomatics Office software and Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor utility. When you add or edit point or line styles, you can define them using the available symbols and line types from the list in the CAD styles dialog in the Trimble Geomatics Office software (or the point styles and line styles tabs in the Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor utility). A point or line style: defines how a point or line is drawn in the Trimble Geomatics Office software includes a symbol or line type that is created in the Symbol Editor utility or the Line Type Editor utility
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Using the Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor Utilities

The following example shows how to create a new tree symbol in the Symbol Editor utility. This new symbol is later used to create a new point style in the section. For more information, see Feature and Attribute Editor, page 425. Defining a new line type is similar to the process outlined in this example. Creating a new symbol To create a new symbol in the Symbol Editor utility: 1. 2. 3. Select Symbol / Add. The Add New Symbol dialog appears. In the Symbol name field, enter tree. Select the Use colors check box. This means that the symbol color cannot be changed when it is used as part of a point style definition. Click OK. The name tree appears in the title bar. It is added to the Symbols in library list. Use the Arc drawing Line drawing tools to create the tree symbol. When drawing, make sure that you: Select the color for the new arc or line before you begin to draw. Use the whole area of the drawing palette. When you use a symbol in a point style in the Trimble Geomatics Office software, the Diameter field controls the size of the symbol.
4. 5.
For more information about the drawing tools, refer to the Symbol Editor Help.
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The following shows a possible drawing for creating a tree symbol:
6.
When you finish creating the tree symbol, select File / Save As to save the symbol as a symbol file. The Save Library As dialog appears. In the File name field, enter a name for your symbol file and then click Save. The Confirm dialog appears. Click Yes to use the new file as the system symbol library file for symbols.
7. 8.
The symbols in the saved library are now available when you: manage point and line styles in the Trimble Geomatics Office software use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility to create point and line styles in feature and attribute library definitions
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Note By default, the Trimble Geomatics Office software is configured to use the predefined libraries Symbols.sym and Linetype.ltp. These files already contain a set of point symbols and line types for use in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. You cannot edit these styles.
17.4.3
Using Symbols and Line Types in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software
To create point or line styles, do one of the following: In the Trimble Geomatics Office software, in the Plan view select Edit / Styles. In the Feature and Attribute Editor utility, use the Point Styles or Line Styles tab.
If you define point styles and line styles in the Feature and Attribute Editor utility, these styles do not appear in the Styles dialog in the Trimble Geomatics Office software until you process the feature and attribute library containing the point and line style definitions. In Figure 17.1, a symbol with the name tree is created in the Symbol Editor utility (the Trimble Symbol Editor tree dialog). With the symbol file registered as the system symbol file, tree becomes an available symbol when you create point styles in the Feature and Attribute Editor utility (the NewPointStyle Properties dialog). It also becomes an available symbol when you create point or line styles in the Trimble Geomatics Office software (the Create Point Styles dialog).
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Figure 17.1
Relationship between symbols and point styles
Note If you run the Symbol Editor or Line Type Editor utilities while a Trimble Geomatics Office project is open, any changes that you make to the system libraries are not reflected in the current project until you close and reopen the project. The Trimble standard templates already have a style defined for each of the symbols and line types in the default Symbols.sym and Linetype.ltp files.
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In the Trimble Geomatics Office software, you can associate a point style to any point, and a line style to any line, arc, or curve. To do this, use one of the following methods: Use the Properties window. Points and lines are then displayed according to the style settings. Process the feature codes that have point and line styles.
17.5
Feature and Attribute Editor

Trimbles Feature and Attribute Editor utility lets you manage feature codes for feature code processing and GIS attribute collection.
17.5.1
When to Use the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility

Use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility to view or edit a Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) file. An .fcl file is a text file that contains the definitions of feature codes, CAD styles, and control codes. Use it to: process feature codes set up a project for attributes
A feature code definition can include: a code for the feature the procedures to be carried out on points that have that feature code associated with them attributes for the feature code
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Feature code processing Use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility to define feature codes and control codes that you can use in the field to describe the data you want to collect. When you transfer points to the Trimble Geomatics Office software, they can have feature codes specified. Use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility to define how each feature code and control code is processed. A feature code definition can include: point styles line styles annotation templates
Control codes are also defined in the Feature and Attribute Editor utility. Attribute collection Use the Feature and Attribute Editor utility to create and edit attribute definitions. When you collect GPS or terrestrial positions in the field, you can collect attribute information at the same time.
17.5.2
Using the Feature and Attribute Editor Utility

In this example, the Feature and Attribute Editor utility is used to create a feature and attribute library. The example illustrates the roles of the Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor utilities, and shows how the Feature and Attribute Editor utility links with the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The example shows how to: create a point style using the symbol you created in the section Using the Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor Utilities, page 421 create an annotation template
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create a feature code create a control code save a feature and attribute library use the feature and attribute library to process feature codes in the Trimble Geomatics Office software use the feature and attribute library to set up a Trimble Geomatics Office project for attributes
Creating a point style Point styles define how points are displayed in the graphics window. A feature code definition can include a point style, so each point with that code is displayed according to the style. There are predefined point and line styles in the standard Trimble Geomatics Office templates that use each of the predefined symbols and line types in the Symbols.sym and Linetype.ltp files. The point and line styles have the same name as the symbol and line types. For example, the symbol tree1 has a predefined associated point style tree1. You only need to create a new point style or line style when you create a new symbol or line type. This part of the example shows how a new point style is created. This point style uses the symbol you created in the Symbol and Line Type section Using the Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor Utilities, page 421. If you did not create a new symbol in the Trimble Symbol Editor section, use one of the existing symbols to proceed with this example. You can also create CAD styles in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. For information about this, see Creating CAD Styles, page 327. Note A symbol cannot be assigned to a point. Only a point style can be assigned to a point. To use a newly-created symbol you must define a new point style.
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To create a point style in the Feature and Attribute Editor utility: 1. Select the Point Styles tab. Use this tab to define the settings that make up a point style. This includes symbol and size settings. Select Edit / New. The following dialog appears:
2.
3. 4.
In the Name field, enter a unique name for the point style. From the Symbol list, select the symbol you created in the Symbol Editor utility. (To view, add, or edit a symbol, use the Symbol Editor utility. For more information, see Symbol Editor and Line Type Editor, page 420.)
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5.
In the Color field, select the color you want for the symbol. The default setting is Microsoft Windows Window text setting. If you have the default background set in the Survey Legend tab of the View Options dialog, when you are plotting points this window defaults to black. If you have the black setting, it defaults to white. In the Dimensions group, specify the dimension for displaying the point style. This group controls the Diameter and Rotation fields. If the Paper option is selected, the diameter value controls the size of the symbol on paper. The representation of the paper units on the screen is calculated using the specified plot scale from the menu File / Sheet setup. If the Ground option is selected, the diameter value of the symbol is the size in the field. The size of the symbol plotted depends on the scale of the plot.
6.
7.
In the Diameter field, specify the diameter of the point style to be displayed in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The interpretation of this field depends on the setting of the Dimensions field. The units for the Diameter field change depending on whether the Dimensions group is set to the Paper option or the Ground option. For some symbols (such as Dot) the diameter is not applicable and the field is unavailable. The Dimensions group and Diameter field determine the size of the point style. Note The default units depend on the display units defined for the Feature and Attribute Editor utility. If the Paper option is selected, the Diameter field units are millimeters or inches. If the Ground option is selected, the Diameter field units are meters, US survey feet, or international feet.
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8.
Leave the Rotation field at zero degrees. This field controls the orientation of the symbol. The interpretation of this field depends on the Dimensions setting. If the Dimensions option is set to Paper, the symbol is oriented relative to the top of the page. If the Dimensions option is set to Ground, the symbol is oriented relative to north.
9.
If you only want to create the point style when it is referenced by a feature code that is processed, select the Create style only when required check box. If this check box is not selected, the point style is created in the project whether it is referenced or not. The dialog should look like the following:
10. Click OK. The new style now appears in the Point Style tab. It is displayed using the symbol you defined for the style.
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Note If a point style with the same name exists in both the Trimble Geomatics Office project and the feature and attribute library, the point style definition in the feature and attribute library overwrites the definition in the project. Creating line styles is a similar process to creating point styles. Creating an annotation template In this part of the example, an annotation template is created. It annotates a point with its elevation. This annotation template is used in the feature code tree. When you process a feature and attribute library containing annotation templates, the annotation templates are added to the Trimble Geomatics Office software as annotation templates. When annotation templates are added to the project as a result of feature-code processing, the standard text style is used. A set of predefined annotation templates is included with the software. To view the projects annotation templates: 1. 2. In the Plan view, select Insert / Annotations. Click Templates.
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To create an annotation template in the Feature and Attribute Editor utility: 1. 2. Select the Annotation Templates tab. Select Edit / New. The following dialog appears:
3. 4. 5.
In the Name field, enter tree_annot. In the Layer group, select the Place in option. This specifies the layer in which annotations using this template are placed. In the Place in field, enter a layer name or select an existing layer from the list. If the layer name you enter does not currently exist in the project, it is created during feature code processing. For more information, refer to the topic Layers Overview in the Trimble Geomatics Office Help. Select the Create template only when required check box. The annotation template is only created in the Trimble Geomatics Office software if it is referenced by a feature code that is used during feature code processing.
6.
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7.
Select the Points tab. This tab shows the four ways that you can annotate a point. The positions are: left of the point floating right of the point on the point
For this example, the point is annotated with the elevation to the left of the point. 8. 9. In the Left list, click the button. The list of fields that you can annotate with a point appears. Select Elevation.
[Elevation] appears in the Left field. The square brackets show that
it is a field code. Any text can be entered as an annotation. You can enter combinations of field codes and text at each position. For example, to annotate the text elevation followed by the elevation value, enter elevation : [Elevation], as shown below:
For more information, refer to the topic Field Codes Overview in the Help. 10. Click OK.
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Note To annotate lines and arcs, select the Lines or Arcs tab. The field codes you can use to annotate depend on the entity (point, line, or arc) that you are annotating. You can annotate points, lines, and arcs with one annotation template. The new annotation template appears in the Annotation Templates tab. When the feature and attribute library containing the annotation template definitions processes feature codes, the Trimble Geomatics Office software creates the annotation template. The new annotation template is added to the annotation template list. Creating a feature code with attributes In this part of the example, a feature code called tree is created. The example uses the point and annotation templates you created earlier to show how to assign CAD definitions to the tree feature code. It also shows how to assign attribute definitions to a feature code. To create a feature code: 1. 2. Select the Feature Codes tab. Select Edit / New. The appropriate Properties dialog appears.
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3.
In the Feature Code field, enter tree, as shown below:
4.
In the Description field, enter Any native tree. The Copy description to the Point description field check box becomes available. Select the Copy description to the Point description field check box.
5.
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The text that you entered in the Description field appears in the Point description field of every point with the tree feature code. View the point descriptions in the Properties dialog, as shown below:
For information about the other fields in the Properties dialog, refer to the Feature and Attribute Editor Help. 6. Use the Point tab to define how points with a code of tree are displayed in the graphics window. The Point Style list includes all of the symbols in the current Symbols (*.sym) file. It also includes all of the point styles defined in the current feature and attribute library. Any point style that you have defined in the current library appears with a paper clip icon beside it.
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The list assumes that you have point styles defined for any symbols you plan to use. If you add a symbol to the .sym file, the symbol appears in the available point styles list even if the style does not exist. If the point style selected does not exist in the current library or in the Trimble Geomatics Office project, the software uses the default point style selected for the layer to which the style is being added. 7. Select the point style you created earlier. The symbol on which you based the tree style (that is, the tree symbol) is displayed. 8. In the Layer list, enter tree to place all tree points in the tree layer. The Layer list has [Current layer] selected automatically. You can select a layer from this list in which to put all feature codes of the same type. This is useful if you are handling large amounts of data that you want to display in different layers. The layer does not have to exist in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. It is created on the fly if it is required during feature code processing.
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9.
In the Annotation list, select the annotation template you created earlier, as shown below:
This means that all points coded with tree are annotated with the elevation to the left of the point, as defined in the previous section. 10. Select the Attributes tab. Use this tab to define the set of attributes to collect in the field. 11. Click New. The New Attribute dialog appears.
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Table 17.1 describes each attribute type.

Table 17.1 Attribute types How to use the attribute type When there is a definable set of values (strings of letters, numbers, or other characters) that describe the attribute. A menu definition includes the list of possible values and the default value. When collecting a feature in the field, select a single value from the list. For example, a road surface attribute can be surface, with menu items asphalt, concrete, unsealed, and other. When collecting a feature you can only enter a decimal or whole number. You can specify the minimum value, maximum value, number of decimal places, and the default value. For example, height. When collecting a feature you can enter a string of letters, numbers, or other characters. You can specify the maximum length of the text string. For example, comments. When collecting a feature you can enter a date. You can specify the format of the date to be used when you export the attributes in a GIS format. For example, date collected. When collecting a feature you can enter a time. You can specify the format of the time to be used when you export attributes in a GIS format. When collecting a feature you can enter a file name. For example, image. This prompts you to specify an image file of the feature being collected. This works the same way as a text attribute type. Is not an attribute; it breaks up the list. Separators make a long list of attributes easier to read.
Attribute type Menu
Numeric
Text
Date
Time File name
Separator
12. In the Name field, enter Girth.
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13. Select the Numeric option, as shown below:
This defines a numeric attribute named Girth. 14. Click OK. The Attribute Name and Attribute Type columns, and the attribute properties required for a numeric attribute, appear in the dialog, as shown below:
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The items that appear in the Attribute Properties group depend on the attribute type currently selected. For more information about these settings, refer to the Feature and Attribute Editor Help. For this example, enter the values shown in Table 17-2.
Table 17-2 Field Minimum Maximum Decimal Places Default Field Entry Attribute properties Value 1 10 0 2 Required
Note The Field Entry list is available for all attribute types. This setting is used during entry of attribute data in the Trimble Survey Controller software (version 7.0 or later). For more information, refer to the topic New Attribute Dialog in the Feature and Attribute Editor Help. 15. Click OK. The feature code tree appears in the Feature Codes tab. An icon attached to the bottom left corner of the feature code symbol indicates that the feature code has attributes, as shown below:
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Creating a control code Use control codes with feature codes to control how points and lines are displayed in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. During field work, you can assign control codes to points. When you process feature codes in the Trimble Geomatics Office software, the software processes the points with control codes according to the codes built-in functions. In this part of the example, you create a control code. It closes a rectangle that is based on the three previous points with the same feature code. To create a Close Rectangle control code: 1. 2. Select the Control Codes tab. Select Edit / New. The following dialog appears:
The list in this dialog contains a description of the built-in control code functions. You cannot edit this list.
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3. 4.
Select the Close Rectangle option. In the Control Code field, enter CR (for Close Rectangle) and click OK. The new control code appears in the Control Codes tab.
Saving the feature and attribute library The feature and attribute library for this example is now complete. To save the library: 1. 2. Select File / Save. The Save As dialog appears. In the File name field, enter a name for the feature and attribute library and then click Save.
You can now transfer the feature and attribute library to the Trimble Survey Controller software. For more information, see Chapter 6, Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software.
17.5.3
Using a Feature and Attribute Library in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software
Use a feature and attribute library in the Trimble Geomatics Office software to: set up the project for attributes. For more information, see Chapter 16, Using Attributes in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software. process feature codes. For more information, see Chapter 11, Feature Code Processing.
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Using attributes You must set up the project for attributes before you import a Data Collector (*.dc) file with attributes. Setting up a project for attributes assigns the attribute definitions in the feature and attribute library to the current project. If you have a Data Dictionary (*.ddf) file, you can use it to set up a project for attributes. To create .ddf files, use the Data Dictionary Editor utility. This is part of the GPS Pathfinder Office software. For information about setting up a project for attributes, see Setting up a Project for Attributes, page 381. Processing feature codes in the Trimble Geomatics Office software You can process feature codes using any feature and attribute library. For information on processing feature codes, see Processing Feature Codes, page 316.
17.6
DC File Editor
Use Trimbles DC File Editor utility to view and edit Survey Controller (*.dc) files. Note Trimble recommends that you edit data in the Trimble Geomatics Office software so that if you have any problems while editing, you can go back to the original Survey Controller (*.dc) file.
17.6.1
When to Use the DC File Editor Utility

Use the DC File Editor utility to view and edit: files from a Trimble data collector files from a Sokkia data recorder (up to version 4.03) any Survey Controller (*.dc) file that can be converted to the SDR format
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Use the DC File Editor utility to do the following: View the data in the DC File Editor utility if you have any unexpected results in the Trimble Geomatics Office software Look for any erroneous data from the field Add any information that was not available in the field
Note You cannot edit attributes or change the feature and attribute library information in DC File Editor utility. A .dc file is divided into different records that depend on the type of data collected (for example, GPS or conventional). The record types are displayed in the DC File Editor utility on the left side of the DC File Editor window. If an arrow appears in a field, you can select the value for that field from the list. Viewing files in the DC File Editor utility To view a Survey Controller (*.dc) file, do the following: 1. 2. Select File / Open. The Open dialog appears. Locate the appropriate .dc file in one of the following folders: If the data is not yet in the project, the .dc file is located under your project folder in the Checkin subfolder. If the data is in the project, the .dc file is located under your project folder in the Data Files\Trimble Files subfolder. If the .dc file was created in the Trimble Geomatics Office software, the .dc file is located under your project folder in the Export subfolder.
3.
Open the .dc file.
You can view the original data from the field. Any data that you can edit appears in black.
Tip To locate all of the records with a particular name, select Edit / Find. This is useful if, for example, you only want to view the antenna records.
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17.7
QuickPlan
Trimbles QuickPlan utility helps you plan and schedule your GPS field observations. The QuickPlan utility has more features than are described in this section. For information about other options, refer to the QuickPlan Help.
17.7.1
When to Use the QuickPlan Utility

Mission planning is the first phase of managing a surveying project. The objective is to define all significant aspects of the project so that the project can be performed effectively and efficiently. The QuickPlan utility is most often used near the end of the mission planning phase, after you do the following: Determine the information that your survey must produce Decide which surveying procedures to use Perform site reconnaissance
Use the QuickPlan utility to: predict satellite availability at each point experiment with satellite selection, site visibility obstructions, and elevation masks determine the best observation periods for a sessiongiven any necessary constraints on PDOP and on the hours during which the field crews can work visualize satellite availability through tables and graphical representations
The QuickPlan utility runs as a standalone utility. Your session descriptions are not stored in the Trimble Geomatics Office project. However, you can define and use the sessions until you exit the program.
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17.7.2
17
Before Using the QuickPlan Utility

To obtain accurate information in the QuickPlan utility, it is important to obtain a current almanac and understand the basic concepts of sessions and points. Updating the almanac To produce accurate graphs, the QuickPlan utility requires a current almanac, which is a set of data used to predict satellite orbits over a moderately long period of time (about a month). The information is stored as an Ephemeris (*.eph) file in the following folder: C:\Program Files\Common Files\Trimble\Almanacs If your computer does not have a current Ephemeris file, do one of the following: Download it from the Trimble FTP site at: ftp://ftp.trimble.com/pub/eph/current.eph Use the data transfer procedure to obtain data from a receiver. For information about transferring the file from your receiver, refer to your receiver manuals.
The QuickPlan utility automatically looks for the most current file in the Almanacs folder. Typically, this file is named Current.eph. If the file is not automatically found, locate and select it. If the file is out of date, a warning message appears. To select a different Ephemeris file at any time when running the utility: 1. 2. Select Options / Almanac. The Load File with Almanac dialog appears. Locate the file that you want to load and click OK.
The selected .eph file loads and the QuickPlan utility window returns. The information in the Status window updates to reflect your changes.
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Note If you want the QuickPlan utility to find this file automatically each time you start it, copy the file to the Almanacs folder. Creating sessions and defining points The concepts of sessions and points are central to the operation of the QuickPlan utility. They are defined as follows: A session is the time period (in the correct time zone) you plan to make observations. A point is the place at which observations take place.
17.7.3
Using the QuickPlan Utility

The following sections describe how to: define a session define a point view the Status window set auto time parameters view reports display graphs
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Defining a session When the QuickPlan utility opens, the following dialog appears:
You can view satellite information for only one day at a time. Use this dialog to select the date: 1. Do one of the following: 2. Click Today, Tomorrow, or Day after tomorrow. Click a date button in the calendar. Enter the date in the date fields.
Click OK.
The QuickPlan utility computes satellite availability for the selected date.
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Defining a point After the Select Date dialog closes, the following dialog appears:
Use this dialog to define the point to be used to calculate the satellite graphs and plots. Use a point near the center of your project area. To define a point: 1. Do one of the following: If you know the latitude and longitude for the point, click Keyboard. Enter the appropriate values for the point. If you are working in or near a major city, click Cities. Select the city and click Keyboard to update the default values. If you would like to work with a map view, click World Map to locate your area using the mouse pointer. Select a city and click Keyboard to update the default values.
2. 3.
Click OK to return to the Edit Point dialog. Click OK.
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Viewing the status window After the Edit Point dialog closes, the QuickPlan utility displays the Status window, as shown below:
At this point, the main menu bar is available. You can use the Options menu to set the following: SVs Almanac Time Zone SV Sample Rate Elevation Mask #SVs Receiver can Track
The Status window will update to show your current settings.
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Setting auto time parameters Use the Auto View Time Selection dialog to define the parameters to be used when displaying satellite information. For example, you can set the working hours for your field crews so you see information for only that time period. To use the Auto View Time Selection dialog: 1. Select Options / Auto Time. The following dialog appears:
2.
Enter the appropriate information and click OK.
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Viewing reports You can view reports in table format. The sample report below shows the azimuth and elevation of each visible satellite for the time increment specified by the Options / SV Sampling Rate. To select the type of report to view: 1. 2. Select Options / Report Type. The Report Type dialog appears. Select the Azimuth Elevation option (to display a report as shown in this example) and click OK.
To view the report: Click Options / Show Report. A report appears, as shown below:
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Displaying graphs Use the Graphs menu to display information in graphical format for the last point added or edited in the session. The time interval used for these graphs is based on the working hours specified using Options / Auto Time (see page 452). The interval is based on the entire day if options have not been set. To view graphs: 1. 2. Select the Graphs menu. Select one or more graphs to display, such as the Number SVs and PDOP graph shown:
To print a graph: 1. 2. 3. Display and select the graph in the QuickPlan utility window. Select File / Print Graph. The Print dialog appears. Complete the standard Print dialog commands.
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17.7.4
17
Exiting the QuickPlan Utility

To end a run of the QuickPlan utility or exit the program: Select File / Exit.
Your session is not saved in your project database, but it will be the initial session when you restart the QuickPlan utility.
17.8
Convert to RINEX
The Receiver INdependent EXchange (RINEX) format is an ASCII representation of GPS data collected by receivers. Trimbles Convert to RINEX utility converts binary .dat format files collected using Trimble survey receivers into ASCII RINEX format files.
17.8.1
When to Use the Convert to RINEX Utility

Agencies that make data available to the general public use the RINEX format. Use the Convert to RINEX utility to convert your Trimble .dat files into this universally accepted format. Use the Convert to RINEX utility to create the following types of RINEX files from Trimble .dat files: Observation raw GPS observations with station antenna information Navigation GPS orbits Meteorological pressure, temperature, and relative humidity
RINEX Observation and Navigation files are created by default. You can also choose to create a RINEX Meteorological file.
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Utilities
Selecting Folders and Files

When you run the Convert to RINEX utility, the following dialog appears:
Use the Convert to RINEX dialog to specify the input .dat file and the output folder for the converted RINEX file. To select the Input .dat file: 1. Use Browse to locate the folder and .dat file to be converted. The following dialog appears:
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2. 3.
In the Look in field, select the folder containing the .dat file to be converted. In the File name list, select the file to be converted and then click Open. The Convert to RINEX dialog returns.
From the Convert to RINEX dialog, select the Output folder for your RINEX files: Enter the name of the folder, or use Browse to open a dialog to navigate to an output folder, and then click OK.
When you are satisfied with your selections: Click OK to continue to the conversion Configuration dialog.
17.8.3
Configuring the RINEX Conversion

After you have confirmed the file and folder selections, the following dialog appears:
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The selections in the Configuration dialog provide information used in the RINEX conversion process for three types of controls: output files, antenna information, and header information. This dialog provides all the control you need for typical use. For additional control, you can click the following buttons:
Header to access the Header Field Override dialog Controls to access the special Controls dialog
The dialog controls and configuration information are outlined in the following sections. Configuring the output files The Output Files fields are described in Table 17.3.
Table 17.3 Field Output file configuration Description
Prefix The output RINEX files have identical prefixes, which default to the prefix (up to 8 characters) of the .dat file being converted. To override the default, enter a prefix. Suffix The suffix types can be .yyo, .yyn, .yym (where yy represents the last 2 digits of the year and o, n, and m distinguish the file type ), .obs, .nav, or .met. The .yyo, .yyn, and .yym suffixes are most commonly used. This information is retained from one run of the utility to the next. There are three options for controlling the creation of the RINEX Meteorological (.met) files: Do not create prevents creation of the MET file. Create if DAT file contains Met info creates a MET file only if MET data were entered into the .dat file during data collection. Always create creates a file even if no MET data is present in the file. If no MET data is found, a RINEX MET file with a single entry containing default parameters will be created. This information is retained from one run of the utility to the next. Rinex Version You can specify the version of RINEX file to create.
Met
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Configuring the antenna information The Antenna information: defines the antenna type recorded in the RINEX Observation file controls how corrections are made to the raw antenna measurements recorded in the .dat file
This information is read from the .dat file as described in Table 17.4.
Table 17.4 Field Type Antenna configuration Description The RINEX standard specifies that all antenna heights are to be corrected to represent the height from the base of the antenna to the survey mark. If no antenna type is found in the file, use this field to specify the type of antenna to be recorded in the RINEX Observation file. If you want to override the antenna type recorded in the .dat file, use this field to specify a different type of antenna. Correction The Correction selection determines how antenna height measurements (recorded in the .dat file) are corrected during the conversion to RINEX. You can enable or disable default or custom corrections with the following selections: For most cases, select Correct to Base (standard RINEX). Select Correct to antenna phase center to record antenna heights to the nominal L1 phase center. Select Do not correct to suppress all antenna height corrections and record only raw antenna measurements. Apply additional In some situations, you may need to apply a fixed vertical offset to antenna vertical offset measurements. For example, if a nonstandard antenna type or configuration was used and you must adjust heights to account for this set up, enter a nonzero value to apply a fixed vertical offset to all antenna measurements. Use the default value of 0.0 m to disable fixed vertical adjustments.
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To edit the antenna information: Click Edit. The following dialog appears:
To make changes in the Edit Antenna Height dialog: 1. 2. 3. 4. Select a Measurement method or enter the Original antenna height information. Click Correct to calculate the correction. Click Previous or Next to edit antenna measurements for other occupations when more than one point was observed in a file. Click OK to return to the Configuration dialog.
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Configuring the header information Use the Header Information fields in the Configuration dialog to control information that is written to the header of the RINEX Observation file. Note The Required fields are retained by default by the Convert to RINEX utility from one conversion to the next, but the Marker fields are not. Table 17.5 describes the Header Information fields.
Table 17.5 Field Marker Header information configuration Description Enter values in the Name and Number fields to override the default values. The default values are derived from the site occupation information logged in the .dat file. Enter information in the Required fields the first time you run the utility. The information in these fields is used by default when you perform conversions. You can modify this information for subsequent conversions. Run by name of the person or agency running the Convert to RINEX utility Observer name of the person who collected the survey data Agency name of the agency or company responsible for collecting the data
Required
17.8.4
Using the Header Field Override Dialog

Use the Header Field Override dialog to manually define the fields in the header. You will not usually need to define the fields. Note The Convert to RINEX utility defaults to the Time option Offset and Zone fields from the previous run. Clear these fields if it is no longer necessary to override these values.
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To access the Header Field Override dialog: In the Configuration dialog (page 457), click Header. The following dialog appears:
Define header information in the fields as outlined in Table 17.6.

Table 17.6 Group Receiver Header field override Description Enter the receiver Type (the manufacturer and model number), serial Number, and firmware Version. This is determined automatically from the .dat file. Enter the marker coordinates in the X, Y, and Z fields. All coordinates are in meters. Enter information for the Type and serial Number, if the information extracted from the .dat file is missing or incorrect. Enter the Offset (in hours) from UTC/GMT and the three-letter Zone to be included in the time portion of the RINEX file creation date field.
Marker XYZ (WGS-84) Antenna
Time options
You can click Default at any time to restore values to those derived from the .dat file.
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17.8.5
17
Using the Controls Dialog

The parameters provided in the Controls dialog determine how the GPS data in the RINEX Observation file will be created. To access the Controls dialog: From the Configuration dialog, click Controls. The following dialog appears:
Note The Antenna is in motion initially and Adjust observations and clock controls are provided for some special cases as described in Table 17.7. Define the controls as outlined in Table 17.7.
Table 17.7 Check box Log L1 Doppler Antenna is in motion initially Controls dialog check boxes and information Description Select this option to include L1 Doppler data in the RINEX Observation file. Select this option only if a data file was collected using a static data collection method (for example, a QUICKSTART survey) but the antenna was mounted on a moving platform. For example, use this option when pure on-the-fly (OTF) data is collected for camera positioning in a photogrammetric application. Select this option if it is required for compatibility with other manufacturers systems.
Truncate MARKER names to 4 characters
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Select this option only if the processing software requires clock offset values in the RINEX Observation file.
17.8.6
Creating the RINEX Conversion File

After specifying all of your configuration parameters: In the Configuration dialog, click OK to create the file.
The utility creates the RINEX files in your specified output folder. The Convert to RINEX dialog remains open. If you have more files to convert, repeat the steps as outlined above.
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17.9
A1 Viewer
Trimbles A1 Viewer utility lets you view the contents of a GPSurvey Project Archive (*.A1) file and then extract (save) the selected files to a destination directory. The A1 Viewer works independently of the GPSurvey software, so you do not need to load this software onto your computer. After saving the GPSurvey project data files, you can use the import functions in the Trimble Geomatics Office software to import the data into the current project.
17.9.1
Files Supported by the A1 Viewer Utility

Only the files that were archived during the GPSurvey archive process are available for viewing: SSF/SSK files These files contain the baseline solution results from the GPSurvey WAVE processor. To import these files into a Trimble Geomatics Office project: a. b. Select File / Import. The Import dialog appears. In the Survey tab, select the SSF/SSK files (*.ssf,*.ssk) option.
GPS Data files These files contain the raw GPS data collected in the field. Two types of files are available for import: .dat (raw GPS data files from a Trimble receiver) and .rnx (raw RINEX data files converted for use in the WAVE processor) files. To import these files into a Trimble Geomatics Office project: a. b. Select File / Import. The Import dialog appears. In the Survey tab, select the GPS Data files (*.dat) option.
Note To view the available .rnx files in the Open dialog, the Files of type field must show the All files *.* option. Adjusted Coordinate Files These files contain the adjusted coordinates from a GPSurvey archived project:
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The Curr_net.dat file is used to import your coordinates into the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The Coords.log file is in ASCII format and only available for viewing with a text editor.
To import GPSurvey coordinate files into a Trimble Geomatics Office project: a. b. Select File / Import. The Import dialog appears. In the Survey tab, select the GPSurvey Coordinates (curr_net.dat) option.
The points in the GPSurvey project can be in geographic or grid coordinate format, and in any coordinate system.
Warning For the coordinate import to work correctly, the coordinate system of the Trimble Geomatics Office project coordinate system properties must match the GPSurvey project coordinate system properties exactly.
Note When the file (curr_net.dat) is read, the importer identifies which coordinates were fixeds during the GPSurvey adjustment. There must be at least one fixed coordinate component (NE, e, h) in the file before all coordinate components of the same type are imported. For example, one fixed elevation is required before elevations are imported. All imported components are given a quality of control. Local Geoid Grid (*.ggf) files These files contain the geoid data created in, or imported into, a GPSurvey project. These files are created using the residual geoid modeling function in the TRIMNET Plus software. This filter does not display the Global .ggf files (that is, WW15MGH, GEOID99) that were available in GPSurvey.
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To use the .ggf file in the Trimble Geomatics Office software, save the file to the Program Files\Common Files\Trimble\GeoData folder, then use the Coordinate System Manager utility to add the geoid to the coordinate system database. For more information, see the Coordinate System Manager Help. For more information about the A1 Viewer utility, refer to the Help.
17.10
Grid Factory
Use Trimbles Grid Factory utility to create: Trimble Geoid Grid (*.ggf) files from geoid models published in other formats Trimble Datum Grid (*.dgf) files from datum grids published in other formats
Note You can subgrid geoid models and combine Datum Grid files in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. For more information, see Chapter 6, Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software. The Grid Factory utility is not installed in a typical installation. You need to specify a custom installation. To do this: 1. 2. 3. 4. Follow the Trimble Geomatics Office installation wizard until you reach the Setup Type dialog. In the Setup Type dialog, select the Custom install option and click Next. The Select Components dialog appears. Select the Grid Factory check box and click Next. Complete the custom installation.
For more information about using the Grid Factory utility, see the Grid Factory Help.
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For more information about subgridding Geoid Grid (*.ggf) files and combining Datum Grid files for transfer to the Trimble Survey Controller software, see Chapter 6, Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software.
17.11
NGS Antenna Models

You can use one of two antenna model setsTrimble or NGSwith the Trimble Geomatics Office software. Your survey requirements will determine which antenna model set to use. The Trimble antenna set is installed as the default. However, to install the NGS antenna models, run the antenna model installation program, tgongsu1.exe. This file is located in the Additional Utilities folder on the Trimble Geomatics Office CD. When you run this file you are asked to select the antenna model that you want to use. Select the NGS antenna model option. The software adds NGS Antenna Model (*.ngs) files to the Program Files\Common Files\Trimble\Config directory. To change back to the Trimble antenna set, run the antenna model installation program again and select the Trimble Antenna Model option. Note You can only run the NGS antenna model installation if you have the Baseline Processing module installed with your Trimble Geomatics Office software.
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APPENDIX
A
A

In this chapter:
s s s s
Introduction Field codes Custom formats Creating an export format
A.1
Introduction
Custom formats are formats for exporting, importing, and reporting that you define to suit your purposes. This chapter introduces field codes and shows you how to use them to define custom formats. It also provides you with an example of how to create a custom export format.
A.2
Field Codes
Field codes are special instructions that instruct the Trimble Geomatics Office software to insert information into fields and custom formats. Field codes are macros and are always enclosed in square brackets. The software treats any characters inside the brackets as a possible field code expression and replaces them by the corresponding field code value. Text not included in brackets is written directly to the field or custom format. Field codes can be used for annotations; labels; and custom export, import, and report formats. An example of a field code is [Elevation]. If this field code is included in a custom report, the software reports the elevation of points. To access field codes: In the field that you want to add field codes to, right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields (if field codes are available).
Field codes are context sensitive so only valid field codes are available. The syntax of a field code can include three elements: Context Name Options
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The syntax required is [context.name:options], where context and options are optional. The following sections discuss these elements.
A.2.1
Context
The context components give a field code a specific context. For example, the field code [Name] returns the point name. If you want to use a field code to insert the name of the project name, the expression must include the context $Project ([$Project.Name]). If you leave out the context component, the Trimble Geomatics Office software uses the most logical context.
A.2.2
Name
The name field states the field code required. For example, to create an export format with the point name, northing, and easting, use the following expression:
[Name:20] [Northing:11.3] [Easting:11.3]
Figure A.1 is an example of a file that uses the above field codes.
11 characters (3 decimal places) 20 characters Figure A.1 11 characters (3 decimal places)
Output file using field codes in a custom format
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A.2.3
Options
The options that you can include with a field code are usually modifiers. Field code modifiers are special commands that modify the field codes output. In the expression [Name:20], :20 is a modifier. It specifies the width of the field code. Modifiers can define: decimal places the width of a field justification upper and lower case
For more information, refer to the topic Modifiers in the Help. A useful modifier when defining a custom import format is the skip modifier. Use skip when, in the file that you are importing, there is a field that you want the Trimble Geomatics Office software to ignore. Skip is only available when defining import formats. An example is:
[Layer:skip]
This skips the Layer value in the imported file and imports the point to the current layer.
A.2.4
Other Field Codes

You can use field codes to specify information other than point data. The software groups these field codes into a number of headings that all begin with the character $. The three main types are: System Project Coordinate system
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System field codes Use system field codes to access system details, for example, Time and Date. The system values are written to the custom format. To use system field codes: In the appropriate field, right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields / Advanced / More / $System.
The available system fields appear. For information on the use of each field, refer to the topic System Field Codes in the Help. Use system field codes to modify outputs from existing field codes. This ensures that the data is in the required format. For example, the system field code replace ([$System.Replace<x><y>]) finds all occurrences of the string x in the current line. It then replaces them with the string y. Project field codes Use project field codes to include project fields, for example, the project name. To use project field codes: In the appropriate field, right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields / Advanced / More / $Project.
The available project field codes appear. For more information, refer to the topic Project Field Codes in the Help. Coordinate system field codes Use coordinate system field codes to access specific details of the coordinate system for the project. To use coordinate system field codes: In the appropriate field, right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields / Advanced / More / $Coordinate system.
The available coordinate system fields appear. For more information, refer to the topic Coordinate System Field Codes in the Help.
A.3
Custom Formats
A custom format consists of a format header, format body, and a format footer. To add or modify these, select field codes from the shortcut menu in the appropriate format group. The field codes available are context sensitive and depend on the table or query specified in the Export from, Import as, or Report on fields of the dialog you are using.
A.3.1
Format Header
The format header includes any headings that you want at the top of the file before the data is written, for example, the coordinate system or project name.
A.3.2
Format Body
The format body consists of a combination of field codes that represent the data that is imported, exported, or reported on.
A.3.3
Format Footer
The format footer includes any definition that you want at the bottom of the file before the data is written, for example, an EOF (end of file) command.
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A.3.4
Custom Format Definition Dialogs

Table A.1 describes each item in the dialogs.
Table A.1 Item Name Null string
Fields for a custom format definition Description Each custom format needs a name. The software adds it to the custom formats list. Defines how null values are represented in a file, for example, a ?. This field is not available when you are creating a report. It is important if you are exporting to a software package that does not support nulls. When the format is highlighted, this appears in the status bar of the Trimble Geomatics Office software. If you are defining an import format, the Open dialog uses the extension specified here to filter the files in the folder that you are viewing. If you are exporting, the extension specified is given to the created file. This field is not applicable when defining reports. These fields refer to the database table or query that the points are imported to, exported from, or reported from, depending on the custom format you are defining. For importing, this is always the point table. For exporting and reporting, you can use the main database tables, and any export queries you have added to the database. You can also export or report on the predefined queries which link more than one table by a common field. Other than for queries, you cannot export or report on more than one database table for each format. Use this button to read the database table or query that is specified in the Import as, Export from, or Report on field. The Format body field is filled with each item in the database table or query. You can then remove any fields in the Format body field that you do not require. When you click Fill Format Automatically, the Insert Format dialog appears. Select the way you want to separate each field.
Description Default extension
Import as / Export from / Report on
Fill Format Automatically
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Custom Import, Export, and Report Formats Fields for a custom format definition (Continued) Description The entries in this field specify which headings appear in the custom format, for example, when you include the coordinate system definition. In the Format Header field, right-click. Select Fields. Choose the information that you want to include. You can also add any text in the Format Header field. Make sure that any free text is not enclosed in brackets. The entries in this field define which fields in the table or query are used in the custom format. Right-click to access the shortcut menu and then the fields. If you are creating an import format, the order of the fields must match the order of the values in the file or files to be imported. If you are creating an export format, make sure that the fields are in the correct order; that is, the order of the values in the export file should satisfy the requirements for any additional software that use the export file. The entries in this field specify which definitions appear at the bottom of the custom format. For example, to include the product name and version, in the Format Footer field, right-click to access the shortcut menu and then select Fields. Choose the $System.About option. You can also add any text in the Format Footer field. Make sure that any free text is not enclosed in brackets.
Table A.1 Item
Format header
Format body
Format footer
Note You must enclose each field in square brackets (for example, [Northing]). You can enter free text in the Format Body field if you are reporting or exporting, but any free text entered in this field for an import format is ignored. Use the keyboard or the mouse to add field codes individually. To do this: 1. In the Format body field, right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields. (For more field options, select Fields / Advanced). All fields appear in the next submenu. Select the field that you want to use.
2.
The field that you select appears, enclosed in square brackets, in the Format body field. Note If you right-click to add fields, the fields that become available depend on whether you are adding the fields to the format header or format body.
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A.4
Creating an Export Format

This example shows you how to create an export format that contains the point name, feature code, northing, and easting for all points in the database. To do this, you use field codes to define the data structure of the file. To create a custom export format: 1. Do one of the following: Select File / Export. Click the Export tool.
The Export dialog appears. 2. Select the Custom tab, as shown below:
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3.
Click New format. The following dialog appears:
4. 5.
In the Name field, enter Example. In the Description field, enter Outputs points in format for example. This text appears in the status bar when the format is selected.
6.
Leave the Null string field clear because you want any nulls to be exported as blank. However, remember to check the software package in which you plan to use the exported file. It should explain how it handles null values. In the Default extension field, enter txt. This names the exported file, Example.txt. In the Export from field, select Point information.
7. 8.
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9.
Leave the Format header field clear as the required format does not require special header lines as part of the definition.
10. In the Format body area of the dialog, enter the definition for the output lines. To do this: a. b. Click in this area. Enter PT= as the starting fixed text for the line definition.
11. Once the fixed text in step 10 is entered, the format requires the point name for a database point. Use field codes to retrieve database information. To do this: In the Format body field, right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields.
All database field codes appear in the next submenu. Select the appropriate database field code. (For this example, select Name.)
The format definition becomes PT=[Name]. 12. Enter ,CODE= directly after [Name]. 13. Use the field codes to select Feature code.
This places the field code [Feature code] at the end of the existing definition and gives the following definition:
PT=[Name],CODE=[Feature code]
14. Add another comma to the definition and then add the field codes [Northing], [Easting], and [Elevation], also separated by commas. To do this, do one of the following: Enter the required text. Use the shortcut menu to select the field codes.
The following full definition appears:

PT=[Name],CODE=[Feature code], [Northing],[Easting],[Elevation]
The definition produces the format required. However, to illustrate the use of field code modifiers, the following steps show you how to output coordinate values to two decimal places: 1. At the end of the field code to be modified (for example, in [Northing], right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Fields / Advanced / Modifiers / width.decimal places. The following dialog appears:
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2. 3.
In the Width field, enter 0. The zero indicates that as many figures before the decimal point will be output as required. In the Decimal places field, enter 2 and then click OK.
:0.2 is added to the end of the field code, for example, [Northing:0.2].
Note Alternatively, before exporting the data, set the Coordinate decimal places option in File / Project Properties / Units and Format tab to two decimal places. 4. 5. 6. 7. Click OK to save the definition and return to the Export dialog, where Example is selected. In the Export group, select the Whole database option. Click OK. The Save As dialog appears. In the File name field, enter a name for the file and then click Save.
The file is created in the folder that you have selected.
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APPENDIX
B
B
Recomputation
In this chapter:
s s s s s s s
Introduction How a recomputation determines the calculated positions for observed points How a recomputation uses multiple observations and coordinates for a point How a recomputation determines the quality of observed points Points moved or adjusted using the Trimble Geomatics Office software Project height Using the Recompute report
Recomputation
B.1
Introduction
A recomputation is the process of determining the calculated position of a point. The Trimble Geomatics Office software performs a recomputation on all data; that is, all GPS, conventional, terrestrial, delta elevation, and laser rangefinder observations, and keyed-in coordinates for a point. It uses these observations and keyed-in coordinates to determine the position and quality for the point. A recomputation: calculates the position for the points measured in the field gives a point position an appropriate quality detects and reports misclosures in data creates a Recompute report
If a point has redundant survey data, the Point Derivation report shows which observation/s or keyed-in coordinates were used to establish the calculated position. The Recompute report shows any redundant observations that are out of tolerance. Tolerances are defined in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog. For more information about the Project Properties dialog, see Chapter 3, Setting up a Project. A recomputation is necessary whenever you add data to the project or edit existing data, for example if you change an antenna height for a GPS observation. When you need a recomputation, the Recompute the status bar of the software. icon appears in
To perform a recomputation, do one of the following: Select Survey / Recompute.

]4F[
Press
In the status bar, double-click the Recompute icon (if available). Right-click to access the shortcut menu, and then select Recompute.
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You can perform a recomputation at any time. However, if the Recompute icon is not displayed in the status bar, it is not usually necessary. A recomputation: does not distribute errors uses adjusted, control, or survey quality keyed-in coordinates in preference to observations.
Note In this chapter, the term keyed-in coordinates refers to coordinates for a point that are either keyed in using the Trimble Geomatics Office software, or imported from a data file to the Trimble Geomatics Office project.
B.2
How a Recomputation Determines the Calculated Positions for Observed Points

Figure B.1 shows how a recomputation finds the calculated position for points observed in the field.
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Starting points are determined.
The positions for all potential starting points are determined.
The highest component (NE,e,h) qualities are used to determine the current starting point.
All observations from the current starting point are applied in the direction that the vector was observed.
The projection (local grid) coordinates of the observed point(s) are determined using the coordinate system defined for the project.
The quality of each observed point is determined.
If a coordinated point has observations flowing from it, the recomputation continues to coordinate points until all the observations that can be used to calculate the position of a point are used.
If there are still points in the project that do not have a position calculated for them, and remaining observations that can be used to coordinate these points, the next highest quality starting point becomes the current starting point. This process continues until all points have positions or there are no remaining observations that can be used to calculate the positions of the point.
Figure B.1
A recomputation process flowchart
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Recomputation
Note When determining the calculated position for a point, a recomputation does not use disabled observations or disabled keyed-in coordinates. It only uses observations or keyed-in coordinates that are enabled as a check if the positions of points in the project cannot be determined by any other observations or coordinates. To enable and disable observations, use the Properties window. For more information, see Chapter 9, Viewing and Editing Data. The following sections describe each step in Figure B.1 in detail.
B.2.1
How a Recomputation Determines Potential Starting Points

Firstly, a recomputation determines the potential starting points. A recomputation can start with any point that has the following characteristics: Keyed-in coordinates (3D or 2D), and One or more observations from the point
For example, Figure B.2 shows a Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) base that has a keyed-in coordinate and observations flowing out from it. This is a potential starting point.
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Not a starting point
Starting point
Figure B.2
Potential starting point
B.2.2
How a Recomputation Determines the Position and Quality for all Potential Starting Points
The position of the starting point is determined from the keyed-in coordinate. A potential starting point usually has only one set of keyed-in coordinates. The quality of each position component (NE,e,h) is inherited from the quality of the keyed-in coordinate. If the elevation or height component is not keyed in, then the geoid model is used to derive the missing component. If the points in your project only have one keyed-in coordinate for the starting point, continue from the section How Recompute Uses the Component Qualities to Determine the Current Starting Point, page B-10.
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A point may have more than one set of keyed-in coordinates if you: key in coordinates for a point and perform an adjustment (if you have the Network Adjustment module installed) without holding the point fixed. (This creates an adjusted set of coordinates for the point). import WGS-84 coordinates and grid control coordinates for a point import a WGS-84 coordinate and an elevation. An elevation is stored as part of a grid coordinate.
In this case, the recomputation uses certain criteria to determine which of the coordinates to use as the calculated position. If it cannot find a single set of coordinates using the first criterion, it applies the next. The criteria, in order, are as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. The status (enabled/disabled) of the coordinates The highest quality component (NE,e,h) WGS-84 coordinates Grid coordinates
The status (enabled) of the coordinates A recomputation considers enabled coordinates first. If there are no enabled coordinates, it considers coordinates that are enabled as check. Disabled coordinates are never considered. To enable and disable coordinates, use the Properties window or the Multiple Edit dialog. The highest quality component (NE,e,h) If there is more than one enabled set of coordinates, the recomputation takes the highest quality components from all of the available keyed-in coordinates for the point.
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The three components are: Horizontal Elevation Height
Note These components do not have to come from the same set of coordinate group. Table B.1 shows the possible qualities of the three components and ranks them from highest to lowest. In this chapter, the order of the qualities is referred to as the quality hierarchy.
Table B.1 Rank 1 The quality hierarchy Quality Control (fixed in adjustment) (yellow) Symbol
Adjusted
Control (not fixed in adjustment) (blue)
Survey
Mapping
Unknown
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In the Properties window, the symbol for the quality appears next to each component. Figure B.3 shows the Properties window displaying a point that has a control quality horizontal component, survey quality elevation component, and mapping quality height component.
Control quality horizontal component Survey quality elevation component Mapping quality height component Figure B.3 Properties window displaying the qualities of a points components
Coordinate Type If the two coordinates have the same quality, the type of coordinate is considered. WGS-84 coordinates are used in preference to Grid/Local coordinates.
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B.2.3
Recomputation
How a Recomputation Uses the Component Qualities to Determine the Current Starting Point
If there is more than one potential starting point, the recomputation chooses the highest quality point as the current starting point. It uses the following quality hierarchy: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Control Adjusted Survey Mapping Unknown
The recomputation considers each component quality. If the quality for the point position is different for each component, it firstly considers the horizontal quality, then the height, and then finally the elevation. Table B.2 shows part of the quality hierarchy, which determines which of the potential starting points becomes the current starting point (the quality hierarchy extends beyond what is shown in the table). The shaded cells show the qualities that the recomputation prefers.
Table B.2 Part of the quality hierarchy that determines starting points Height quality Control Any quality Adjusted Any quality Survey Any quality Mapping Any quality Elevation quality Any quality Control Any quality Adjusted Any quality Survey Any quality Mapping
Horizontal quality Control Control Control Control Control Control Control Control
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Recomputation Table B.2 Part of the quality hierarchy that determines starting points (Continued) Height quality Unknown Any quality Control Any quality Elevation quality Any quality Unknown Any quality Control
Horizontal quality Control Control Adjusted Adjusted
For example, a point can have the following component qualities: Horizontal quality control Height quality unknown Elevation quality unknown
It is then used as a starting point before a point with the following component qualities: Horizontal quality survey Height quality survey Elevation quality mapping
Make sure that the point that you want to use as a starting point or seeding coordinate has control quality components. Note If there is more than one potential starting point with the same qualities for all components, the recomputation uses the first one stored in the project.
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B.2.4
Recomputation
How a Recomputation Applies Observations from the Current Starting Point

The recomputation applies an observation from a starting point in different ways according to the observation type. It applies: GPS observations on the WGS-84 ellipsoid. Conventional and laser rangefinder observations on the local ellipsoid unless the Reduce terrestrial observations to ellipsoid (Sea Level correction) option is not selected. This option is located in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog. In this case, the recomputation applies terrestrial observations at ground level. For more information, refer to the topic Ellipsoid Level Correction in the Help. Delta elevations are applied to existing elevations in an initial recompution.
The following sections describe these applications.
B.2.5
GPS Observations
A recomputation performs the following actions to determine the position for points observed using GPS: 1. 2. 3. Converts current starting point coordinates to WGS-84 latitude, longitude, and height (LLH). Converts these coordinates to WGS-84 Cartesian coordinates (X, Y, Z). Applies the ground-to-ground GPS vector (delta X, delta Y, and delta Z) to the WGS-84 Cartesian coordinates of the starting point. This provides a Cartesian WGS-84 position for the observed point.
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Note The GPS baseline applied is an adjusted baseline if network adjustment transformation parameters exist in the project. For information on network adjustment transformation parameters, refer to the topic Transformation Parameters Overview in the Help (if you have the Network Adjustment module installed). 4. 5. Converts the observed point to a WGS-84 latitude, longitude, height. Uses the coordinate system selected for the project to derive the projection coordinates for each point from its WGS-84 position. It also uses any GPS site calibration applied to the project. The resultant coordinate becomes the current position of the point.
6.
Direction of GPS baselines By default, a recomputation applies all Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS observations in the direction that you observed the baseline (base to rover). However, GPS baselines observed using a Postprocessed technique (Static, or FastStatic) do not have an observation direction. The direction of these baselines is determined by coordinate seeding when GPS baselines are processed. The seeding algorithm ensures that baselines are stored in the direction from the point with the highest quality position to the point with the lowest quality position. A recomputation applies the baseline in this direction. You can change the direction of a GPS baseline so that the recomputation applies it in the opposite direction. To do this: 1. 2. Select the observation. Select Edit / Reverse Observation Flowout.
Make sure that the point you want the baseline to flow out from has a position, for example, a position derived from a keyed-in WGS-84 latitude, longitude, and height coordinate; or an observation.
Recomputation
If the point does not have a derived position, the change in direction of the baseline is not applied. For more information, see Reversing the Direction of Observations, page 207.
B.2.6
Conventional and Laser Rangefinder Observations

When conventional observations are imported: Vertical angles are corrected for curvature and refraction Slope distances are corrected for atmospheric errors (ppm correction) Horizontal observations are converted to horizontal angles from the backsight
A recomputation performs the following actions to determine the position for points observed conventionally or with a laser rangefinder: 1. A recomputation does one of the following: If the observation is a laser rangefinder observation, the recomputation applies magnetic declination to the observed azimuth. If the observation is a conventional observation, the recomputation applies the prism constant to the slope distance.
2. 3.
It reduces observed slope distances to horizontal ground distances. If the Reduce terrestrial observations to ellipsoid (Sea Level correction) option is selected in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog, it reduces ground distances to ellipsoid distances. If an adjustment is performed, all distances will be reduced to the ellipsoid. It adds the instrument height to the elevation.
4.
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5.
It uses the coordinate system defined for the project to convert the current starting point to local latitude, longitude, and height (the observation is applied along the ellipsoid). The following rules are used to determine the backsight azimuth (for conventional observations only): a. If only the position of the instrument point and the backsight points are known, (this is, there is no keyed-in azimuth) the recomputation uses the backsight azimuth determined from the inverse between the two points If only a keyed-in azimuth is available (and the backsight point does not have a coordinate), the recomputation uses this as the backsight azimuth. If both positions of the instrument point and the backsight point are known, and a keyed-in azimuth is available, the quality of each azimuth is determined and the hierarchy in Table B-3, page 498, is used to determine which azimuth is used as the backsight azimuth. For example, if a survey-quality instrument and backsight point pair exist, along with a control quality keyed-in azimuth, the keyed-in azimuth is used for the backsight azimuth. Note To compute the quality of the backsight azimuth, the horizontal quality for the instrument point and the backsight point are examined and the lowest quality is taken. For example, if the instrument point has a control quality and the backsight point has a mapping quality, the backsight azimuth will have a mapping quality.
6.
b.
c.
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Table B-3 Type
Backsight azimuth quality hierarchy Quality Control Control Survey Survey Mapping Mapping
Derived from coordinates Keyed-in azimuth Derived from coordinates Keyed-in azimuth Derived from coordinates Keyed-in azimuth
B B
Tip The quality of a keyed-in azimuth can be edited.
Tip If you want the keyed-in azimuth to be used in preference to the azimuth determined between the instrument and the backsight point, edit the quality of the keyed-in azimuth position so that it is higher in the hierarchy than the azimuth determined between the instrument and the backsight point.
7. 8. 9.
It applies the horizontal angle to the backsight azimuth to determine the grid azimuth (for conventional only). It applies the magnetic declination to the magnetic azimuth to determine the grid azimuth (for laser only). It applies the observation along the ellipsoid to determine a local latitude and longitude for the observed point.
10. To determine the elevation for the observed point, it subtracts the target height from the instrument height to find the delta height. It then adds this to the elevation of the instrument setup point. 11. It uses the coordinate system selected for the project to convert the coordinates to local grid coordinates.
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B.2.7
How Delta Elevations are Applied

Delta elevations are applied during recomputation. A recomputation performs the following actions to flow out delta elevations: It determines the elevation of the starting point. It applies the delta elevation to the starting point to determine the elevation of the new point.
The starting point must have a keyed-in elevation so that delta elevations can flow out from it in a recomputation. You must enter an elevation at the start of the level run to ensure that delta elevations can flow out from the start of the level run. For example, in Figure B.4, Point A must have a keyed-in elevation for the elevations of points B, C, and D to be determined using the delta elevation observations. If an observation to A had sufficient information to compute an elevation at A, delta elevations would still not be computed unless it had a keyed in elevation.
A de NEe
de de C
Figure B.4
Delta elevation flowout
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B.2.8
Recomputation
An Example of a Recomputation
Figure B.5 is an example of how a recomputation coordinates points. Points A and I are both control quality points; the remaining points are survey quality. The recomputation establishes points A and I as potential starting points as both of these points have keyed-in coordinates and observations flowing from them. Points A and I are of the same quality (control L,L,h), so the recomputation chooses point A as the current starting point because it was entered in the database first. To coordinate the observed points, the recomputation uses all of the observations from the starting point until the remaining observations flowing from A cannot be used to coordinate any more points. Therefore, the following points are coordinated from point A: B, C, D, E, F, G, and H. There are no further observations from the current starting point (point A), so the recomputation chooses point I as the new current starting point. The recomputation coordinates points J, K, and L. There are observations from point I to points D and H. The recomputation has already coordinated these points so the figure shows a closure for these points. If the closure error is larger than the tolerance settings in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog, an error flag appears on the observed point in the graphics window. The Recompute report reports the misclosure. It also reports if the closure error is smaller than the tolerance setting. Note If the recomputation can use more than two observations/coordinates to derive the position of the point, you can see a misclosure and a closure on the same point.
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Starting point (Control quality L,L,h)
B C
G Starting point (Control quality L,L,h) H
E J K Figure B.5 Recomputation example
I L
Warning Point D can be derived from observations from B and I. The observation from B is used regardless of the quality of these observations. This is because D is coordinated from B first. The software warns you that the quality of D could be improved. If you want to make sure that the observation from I is used, change the status of the observation from B to D to enabled as check.
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B.3
How a Recomputation Uses Multiple Observations and Coordinates for a Point

A point can have multiple observations to it and keyed-in coordinates for it. If the Use best observation option in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog is selected, the recomputations can only use one observation or coordinate to derive a position component (NE,e,h) for the point. For example, a point may have two observations to it and one keyed-in coordinate. The keyed-in coordinate is used before the observations to determine the northing, easting, and height. The Point Derivation report reports the other observations or keyed-in coordinates that the recomputation does not use as closures. Note If the Calculate mean from the same type of observations option (in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog) is selected, all observations can contribute to the calculation of the coordinate components of the sideshot point. The recomputation only means sideshot points. For more information, see Multiple Observations to Sideshot Points, page 503.
B.3.1
Multiple Observations to a Point

To determine the calculated coordinates for a point with multiple observations, a recomputation uses the following observation hierarchy to determine the observation used to coordinate the point: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Observation status (enabled, enabled as check) Observation quality Observation type (GPS, conventional, laser, reduced) Precision First observation in the database
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B.3.2
Multiple Observations to Sideshot Points

When observations (GPS or conventional) are transferred to the Trimble Geomatics Office software, the software determines if each observation is a sideshot. A sideshot is an observation to a point that: does not have an observation from it does not have a static or FastStatic observation to it is not a control point
Figure B.6 shows how multiple observations to sideshot points can occur in two different situations.
Conventional observation
Sideshot (with multiple observations) (2)
Conventional observation Setup
Figure B.6
Sideshots occurring in two different situations
The setting in the Multiple Sideshot Observations group in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog determines which observations are used to calculate the position of the sideshot point.
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Note The elevations from multiple sideshots are not meaned, even if in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog, the Calculate mean from the same type of observations option is selected.
B.3.3
Multiple Observations and Meaning Coordinates

By default, the Calculate mean from the same type of observations option in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog is not selected. As a result, the software does not mean (average) multiple observations. If you select this option, the Trimble Geomatics Office software means the coordinates calculated from each observation to a sideshot point. Note If the point is a traverse point, the recomputation only uses one observation or coordinate to determine the position of the point. For more information, see Multiple Observations to Traverse Points, page 508. The rules for meaning the coordinates for sideshot points are: A recomputation only means the same type of observation. For example, a GPS observation cannot be meaned with a conventional observation. In this case, the recomputation uses the GPS observation in preference to the conventional observation. A recomputation only means the coordinates derived from observations. For example, if a point has two observations and keyed-in coordinates, the recomputation uses the observations to calculate two sets of coordinates, which are then meaned. It then compares the keyed-in coordinates and the meaned coordinates, and uses the highest quality coordinate as the position for the point. For more information, see Points with Keyed-in Coordinates and Observations, page 509.
Note If there are one or more observations enabled, a recomputation does not use observations enabled as a check to determine a mean position.
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Recomputation
To determine the calculated position for the point, a recomputation calculates positions from each observation to the point. Each observation is weighted according to its precision value. The better the precision, the more influence the observation has on the mean coordinate values. For GPS observations, a recomputation uses the Precision field in the Properties window. To access this field: 1. 2. 3. Select the GPS observation. Open the Properties window. Click the Statistics button.
For conventional observations, if there is a precision record in the Instrument record of a Survey Controller (*.dc) file, stating the accuracy of the instrument, a recomputation uses this value. If there is no precision record, then the recomputation uses a weighted mean based on the standard errors. A recomputation uses the mean position as the center of a circle with a radius defined by the tolerance distance. You specify this distance in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog. If the coordinate component is horizontal (Northing, Easting), the recomputation uses the Horizontal tolerance. If the coordinate component is vertical (Elevation, or Height), it uses the Vertical tolerance. If one or more positions are outside the circle defined by the tolerance, the recomputation rejects the position furthest from the mean and repeats the process.
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In Figure B.7, a sideshot point has three conventional observations to it. This determines the positions 1, 2, and 3.
Figure B.7
The rejection of the position furthest from the mean
Observation 3 is outside the tolerance circle, so the recomputation does not include it in the next iteration. The recomputation repeats the process with the remaining observations until all of the calculated positions are within the tolerance circle.
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Figure B.8 shows how the computed mean grid coordinates become the final calculated position for the point.
Figure B.8
The final calculated coordinates for the point
All observations used to determine the mean coordinates are now within the tolerance specified, so the recomputation uses the meaned coordinates for the calculated position for the point. Note If you clear the Tolerance checking check boxes in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog, the recomputation will mean all observations of the same type without tolerance checking. As a result, it will not detect outliers.
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B.3.4
Recomputation
Multiple Observations to Traverse Points

In a survey traverse, a traverse point may have more than one observation to it. This is known as a multiple observation. A recomputation does not mean multiple observations to traverse points. This is shown in Figure B.9. Point 1 has two observations to it, and one observation from it. The observation used to derive the position of Point 1 is the first one to position the point.
Point 1
Figure B.9
Multiple observations to a traverse point
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B.3.5
Points with Keyed-in Coordinates and Observations

The displayed position for a point can be derived from: observation(s) keyed-in coordinate(s), for example, imported grid coordinates
If a point has both keyed-in coordinates and observations to it, a recomputation uses the quality of the keyed-in coordinate(s) and observation(s) to determine the position for the point. If the qualities are the same, it uses the keyed-in coordinates in preference to the coordinates from the observation(s). A recomputation considers the horizontal and vertical component qualities separately. For example, imported grid coordinates for a point may have a survey quality horizontal component (Northing, Easting), and a mapping quality elevation component. There is also a survey quality observation to the point. The horizontal component is derived from the keyed-in coordinate, and the elevation component is derived from the observation. Table B.4 summarizes the above. The shaded cells show which components are used in a recomputation. The horizontal component qualities are the same, so it uses the keyed-in coordinates in preference to the coordinates derived from the observations. The elevation derived from the observation is survey quality, which is higher than the mapping quality for the keyed-in grid coordinates, so the recomputation uses the elevation from the observed coordinates.
Table B.4 Horizontal and vertical component qualities considered Horizontal quality Survey Survey Elevation quality Mapping Survey
Coordinate type Keyed-in grid coordinates Coordinate derived from observation
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The best elevation or height for points is derived using any available keyed-in coordinates and observations to the point. If the recomputation uses an observation to calculate an elevation or height for the point, then it calculates the remaining vertical component from one of the following: The geoid model and/or vertical adjustment Keyed-in coordinates
If a geoid model is used for the project, the geoid model quality in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog is used to determine the quality of the elevation or height derived from the geoid model. This quality is compared to any keyed-in coordinates, and the best quality elevation or height component is used. Note If a vertical adjustment from a calibration exists in the project coordinate system definition, then the quality of the derived elevation or height will be survey.
B.4
How a Recomputation Determines the Quality of Observed Points

A recomputation determines the quality of an observed point from the quality of the point that it was observed from, and the quality of the observation used to derive the position of the point. It considers the horizontal and vertical components separately. The quality hierarchy is: 1. 2. 3. 4. Control Survey Mapping Unknown
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Table B.5 shows how observation qualities are determined from the solution type or measurement type.
Table B.5 Observation qualities determined from solution and measurement types Quality assigned to observation Survey Mapping Unknown Survey Mapping Survey
Observation type GPS Fixed GPS Float GPS Autonomous Conventional Laser rangefinder Delta elevation
The quality assigned to a point for each component (horizontal, elevation, and height) is the lower of: the quality for the point position component from which the observation was observed the quality of the observation
B.4.1
Autonomous Base Position for Real-Time Kinematic Surveys

If you use the key in the Trimble Survey Controller software to start a Real Time Kinematic (RTK) base and transfer the Trimble Survey Controller (.dc) file to the Trimble Geomatics Office software, the base position (and therefore all rover points from the base) is of unknown quality (for all components: horizontal, height, and elevation).
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If you use the Trimble Geomatics Office software to perform a GPS site calibration, the qualities of the horizontal and height components do not change. If you are confident that the GPS site calibration improves the quality of the points, use the Properties window to change the quality of the base point. Increasing the quality of the base improves the quality of the rover points. Note The quality of the elevation component is survey if a vertical adjustment exists in the project coordinate system definition.
B.5
Points Moved or Adjusted Using the Trimble Geomatics Office Software

A recomputation does not change the positions of points that have been shifted by the following: Move command Coordinate transformation (For more information, see the topic Coordinate Transformation Overview in the Help.) Elevation adjustment (For more information, see the topic Elevation Adjustment Overview in the Help.) Network adjustment
When you apply one of these operations to a point, the recomputation does not use the positions derived from the observations to the point.
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B.6
Project Height
The project height is a project-wide setting that approximates the height for any calculations that involve points with no height. Use it to convert coordinates when: the projects coordinate system changes and there are null heights sea level corrections are applied and there are no heights for points
The Project height field is in the Coordinate System tab of the Project Properties dialog. For information about selecting a coordinate system, see Chapter 4, Using a Coordinate System. Note If a point has no height, the project height is not used instead.
B.7
Using the Recompute Report

The Recompute report is a HyperText Markup Language (HTML) report that summarizes the results of the recomputing process. Use the Recompute report to eliminate warning flags by: checking occupation details checking that points are named correctly disabling the coordinate if you suspect that the coordinate has been keyed in incorrectly reobserving if necessary
The Recompute report reports on the following: Tolerance errors where multiple observations or coordinates result in positions outside tolerance (tolerances are defined in the Recompute tab of the Project Properties dialog) Closures for station points Unused observations and errors
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Starting coordinates and the order in which the coordinates were derived Observations and coordinates referenced in the report
The Trimble Geomatics Office software creates a Recompute report every time it performs a recomputation. How you are notified that a Recompute report exists depends on the setting in the View generated report group in the Reporting tab of the Project Properties dialog. The Recompute report is always stored in the Reports folder for the project. Like all system-generated reports, if a report already exists, then the new report overwrites the old report. The Recompute report includes the following parts: Project Details Errors and Warnings Closures Point Derivations Starting Points Traverse Report Survey Data (Observations and Coordinates)
The following sections describe each part of the Recompute report and include report samples where appropriate.
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B.7.1
The Project Details Section

Figure B.10 shows the Project Details section of the Recompute report which summarizes the project name and coordinate system details.
Figure B.10
Project Details section
B.7.2
The Errors and Warnings Section

Figure B.11 shows the Errors and Warnings section of the Recompute report. This section lists all of the points where tolerance errors are detected. It also shows which observations are not used, and which points cannot be coordinated.
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Recomputation
Use this section to examine the errors and warnings, and decide if you should edit your project to resolve them. To look at the derivation for a point, click the point name. This takes you to the Point Derivation section.
Figure B.11
Errors and Warnings section
Note A maximum of 50 out-of-tolerance observations can be shown. If this many out-of-tolerance observations exist, investigate the problem in the Point Derivation report.
B.7.3
The Point Derivations Section

The Point Derivations section of the Recompute report shows the calculated position for a point. Only points with errors included in the Recompute report have their derivation reported. The qualities of the horizontal (Northing, Easting) component, elevation component and height component for the calculated position are shown. Below the calculated position and qualities is a list of the survey data that could be used to coordinate the point.
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Recomputation
Each observation shows the: type of observation ID for the observation from and to points
To view the observation details, click on the ID. It links to the Survey Data section of the report. Each coordinate shows the: coordinate (grid, geodetic, or position solution) source of the coordinate coordinate ID
To view the coordinate details, click on the ID. It links to the Survey Data section of the report. To select the point or observation in the Properties Window, click the icon. The Used to calc column shows which position components (NE,e,h) were calculated from the observation or coordinate. For example, if an observation determines the Northing, Easting and height components for the point, and the coordinate determines the elevation, the Used to calc column displays NEh next to the GPS observation and e next to the coordinate. The delta north, delta east, delta elevation, and delta ellipsoid height columns display the difference between the final calculated position and the position calculated using just the observation or coordinate. If the delta values are above the tolerance setting configured for the project, flags appear and the numbers become red. Observations marked in red do not necessarily indicate an incorrect observation or keyed-in coordinatesthe recomputation may have used a poor observation or set of keyed-in coordinates. Determine the cause of the error and disable any poor observations. Use the Survey Data section of the report to examine each observation.
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Recomputation
Figure B.12 shows the Point Derivation section for point MOON 2.
Figure B.12
Calculated coordinates for a Point Derivation section
Note You can use the Properties window to view the derivation report for any point in the project database, including points not reported in the Recompute report.
B.7.4
The Starting Points Section

This section shows the points that the recomputation started to flow observations out from. For information on starting points, see How a Recomputation Determines Potential Starting Points, page 487.
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Recomputation
B.7.5
The Traverse Report Section

Figure B.13 shows the Traverse Report section of the Recompute report. This section shows how a recomputation traverses from the starting point, and the observation that it uses. A recomputation only reports on traverses with more than one observation leg from the starting point.
Figure B.13
Traverse Report section
519
B
B.7.6
Recomputation
The Survey Data Section

Figure B.14 shows the Survey Data section. This section shows all of the observations and coordinates for the points shown in the Recompute report. The survey data is organized by observation type. Use this section when trying to determine which observations are incorrect. Only observations and coordinates referenced in the Recompute report are listed in this section. You can view all data in the Properties window.
Figure B.14
Survey Data section
52 0
Glossary
This section explains some of the terms used in this manual.
1-sigma a posteriori errors
One standard error from the mean. The a priori errors multiplied by the standard error of unit weight (reference factor) resulting from a network adjustment. Errors estimated for observations prior to a network adjustment. American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials The closeness of a measurement to the actual (true) value of the quantity being measured. Values derived from observed data (measurement) by applying a process of eliminating errors in that data in a network adjustment. The process of determining and applying corrections to observations for the purpose of reducing errors in a network adjustment. When the network adjustment has met the defined residual tolerance or last ditch residual tolerance within a defined number of iterations.
a priori errors
AASHTO
accuracy
adjusted values
adjustment
adjustment convergence
5 21
Glossary
adjustment datum
The datum used in the current network adjustment iteration. The Trimble Geomatics Office software lets you select either the project datum or WGS-84. Trimble default and user-defined settings for a network adjustment. The sign (+ or -) associated with a value which designates it as a positive or negative number. A set of rules for solving a problem in a finite number of steps. Data transmitted by a GPS satellite that includes orbit information on all the satellites, clock correction, and atmospheric delay parameters. The almanac facilitates rapid SV acquisition. The orbit information is a subset of the ephemeris data with reduced precision. The unknown integer number of cycles of the reconstructed carrier phase contained in an unbroken set of measurements. The receiver counts the radio waves (from the satellite as they pass the antenna) to a high degree of accuracy. However, it has no information on the number of waves to the satellite at the time it started counting. This unknown number of wavelengths between the satellite and the antenna is the ambiguity. Also known as integer ambiguity or integer bias. A piece of text that describes another database record. To select and edit annotations, use the Properties window. An annotation is liveany fields are re-expanded whenever the parent entity changes.
adjustment styles
algebraic sign
algorithm
almanac
ambiguity
annotation
52 2
Glossary
antenna height
The height of a GPS antenna phase center above the point being observed. The uncorrected antenna height is measured from the observed point to a designated point on the antenna, then corrected to the true vertical manually or automatically in the software.
antenna phase correction
The phase center for a GPS antenna is neither a physical nor a stable point. The phase center for a GPS antenna changes with respect to the changing direction of the signal from a satellite. Most of the phase center variation depends on satellite elevation. Modeling this variation in antenna phase center location allows a variety of antenna types to be used in a single survey. Antenna phase center corrections are not as critical when two of the same antenna are used since common errors cancel out. A feature that allows the U.S. Department of Defense to transmit an encrypted Y-code in place of P-code. Y-code is intended to be useful only to authorized (primarily military) users. AS is used to deny the full precision of GPS to civilian users. Antenna Phase Center The electronic center of the antenna. It often does not correspond to the physical center of the antenna. The radio signal is measured at the APC. In the Properties window the height of a point may be the elevation of the APC. If the height is specified as APC, it is the height of the APCnot the ground height.
Anti-Spoofing (AS)
APC
523
Glossary
autonomous positioning
A mode of operation in which a GPS receiver computes position fixes in real time from satellite data alone, without reference to data supplied by a base station. Autonomous positioning is the least precise positioning procedure a GPS receiver can perform, yielding position fixes that are precise to 100 meters horizontal RMS when Selective Availability is in effect, and to 1020 meters when it is not. Also known as absolute positioning and point positioning. A surveying observation used to measure the angle formed by a horizontal baseline and geodetic north. When applied to GPS observations, it refers to a normal section azimuth. An antenna and receiver set up on a known location. It is used for real-time kinematic (RTK) or differential surveys. Data can be recorded at the base station for later postprocessing. A Trimble base station consists of a receiver in Base Station mode used with the Trimble Reference Station (TRS) software or the Universal Reference Station (URS) software. In GPS surveying practice, you observe and compute baselines (that is, the position of one receiver relative to another). The base station acts as the position from which all other unknown positions are derived.
azimuth
base station
baseline
The position of a point relative to another point. In GPS surveying, this is the position of one receiver relative to another. When the data from these two receivers is combined, the result is a baseline comprising a three-dimensional vector between the two stations.
52 4
Glossary
baseline processor
A computer program that computes baseline solutions from satellite measurements. It may run as a postprocessor on a personal computer, or as a real-time processor in a receiver. WAVE (Weighted Ambiguity Vector Estimator) is Trimble's baseline processor. A unit of data transfer speed (from one binary digital device to another) used when describing serial communications. Mathematical function describing the behavior of two-dimensional random errors in error ellipses for: northing/easting latitude/longitude X/Y
baud
bivariate
CAD styles
CAD styles define the appearance of points, lines, arcs, curves, text, and annotations in a project. A style, for example, can be made up of a symbol, line type, color, or font. Style definitions are stored in a project. To have styles available for a number of projects, define the styles in a template project.
calibrated site
A site definition uses an existing coordinate system definition plus correction transformation. This makes the best fit for GPS data in a specific area (or site). The extra correction transformations are required because a coordinate system is designed to apply over a very large area. It does not allow for variations in the local coordinates. You need to have new work fit with the existing control, so the extra correction transformations will correct for these local variations. Extra corrections are only valid over a limited area. This explains the site terminology.
525
Glossary
The Trimble Geomatics Office software can compute the extra transformations required to fit to local control and save these definitions in the coordinate system database.
calibration coordinates
WGS-84 coordinates (latitude/longitude/ellipsoid height) generated from a minimally constrained network adjustment of your GPS observation, then saved for later use in a GPS site calibration. The calibration coordinates are used as the GPS observed coordinates that are associated with the grid coordinates of a particular point when performing a calibration.
Cartesian coordinates chi-square test
See Earth-Centered-Earth-Fixed Cartesian coordinates. An overall statistical test of the network adjustment. It is a test of the sum of the weight squares of the residuals, the number of degrees of freedom and a critical probability of 95 percent or greater. The purpose of this test is to reject or to accept the hypothesis that the predicted errors have been accurately estimated.
clock offset
The constant difference in the time reading between two clocks. In GPS, usually refers to offset between SV clocks and the clock in the user's receiver. Agreement between measured and known parts of a network. Compact Measurement Record A satellite measurement message that is broadcast by the base receiver and used by real-time kinematic (RTK) surveys to calculate an accurate baseline vector from the base to the rover.
closure
CMR
52 6
Glossary
Coarse Acquisition (C/A) code
A pseudorandom noise (PRN) code modulated onto an L1 signal. This code helps the receiver compute the distance from the satellite. The GPS code is a pseudorandom noise (PRN) code that is modulated onto the GPS carrier signals. The C/A code is unclassified and is available for use by civilian applications. The P code is also known and unclassified, but may be encrypted for national defense purposes. Code measurements are the basis of GPS navigation and positioning. Code also is used in conjunction with carrier phase measurements to obtain more accurate survey quality baseline solutions.
code
component
One of the three surveying observations used to define a three-dimensional baseline between two control points. The same baseline can be defined by azimuth, delta height, and distance (in ellipsoid coordinates); by delta X, delta Y, and delta Z (in Earth Centered Cartesian coordinates); and by delta north, delta east, and delta up (in local plane coordinates). A specific set of satellites used in calculating positions: three satellites for 2D fixes, four satellites for 3D fixes. All satellites visible to a GPS receiver at one time. The optimum constellation is the constellation with the lowest PDOP. See also PDOP.
constellation
constrained
To hold (fix) a quantity (observation and coordinate) as true in a network adjustment. External limitations imposed upon the adjustable quantities (observations and coordinates) in a network adjustment.
constraint
527
Glossary
control point
A monumented point to which coordinates have been, or are in the process of being, assigned by the use of surveying observations. An observation in the field obtained using a total station or theodolite. A set of transformations that allow GPS positions (in the WGS-84 ellipsoid) to be transformed to projection coordinates with elevations above the Geoid. It consists of a datum transformation, a geoid model allocation, and a coordinate projection definition. The datum transformation is defined in the coordinate system database. It includes the definition of the datum on which the coordinate projection is based. An existing geoid model can be assigned to the coordinate system, but it is also possible to specify a constant geoidal separation rather than using a geoid model. Use the Trimble Coordinate System Manager utility to define geoid models in the coordinate system database. You can allocate some coordinate projection types to a coordinate system (for example, Transverse Mercator or Lambert One Parallel). Different countries and regions use different projection types to achieve optimum results (that is, minimum distortion) in the projection coordinates. The coordinate projection methods project latitude and longitude values on the appropriate datum to Cartesian coordinate values. The elevations for the projection coordinates are achieved using the geoid model assigned to the coordinate system. The Trimble Coordinate System Manager utility lets you view, edit, and add to the coordinate system definitions supplied with the Trimble Geomatics Office software.
conventional observation coordinate system
52 8
Glossary
correlated
Said of two or more observations (or derived quantities) which have at least one common source of error. A measure of the correlation of errors between two observations or derived quantities. Also refers to an off-diagonal term (that is, not a variance) in a variance-covariance matrix. A matrix that defines the variance and covariance of an observation. The elements of the diagonal are the variance and all elements on either side of the diagonal are the covariance. As used by the Trimble Geomatics Office software, this is the publication of the propagated (computed) a posteriori errors in azimuth, distance, and height between pairs of control points resulting from a network adjustment. The term covariant indicates that this computation involves the use of covariant terms in the variance-covariance matrix of adjusted control points. You can open more than one view onto the database using the Window / New Window command. Each of these views can have different view settings. The current view is the view that has focus and this is identified by the use of the active title bar. An interruption in a receivers lock onto a satellites radio signals. A cycle slip requires the re-estimation of integer ambiguity terms during baseline processing. The process of recording satellite data in a file stored in the receiver, on a data collector running the Trimble Survey Controller software, or on a survey data card.
covariance
covariance matrix
covariant values
current view
cycle slip
data logging
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Glossary
data message
A message, included in the GPS signal, that reports on the location and health of the satellites as well as any clock correction. It includes information about the health of other satellites as well as their approximate position. A mathematical model of the earth designed to fit part or all of the geoid. It is defined by the relationship between an ellipsoid and a point on the topographic surface established as the origin of the datum. It is usually referred to as a geodetic datum. The size and shape of an ellipsoid, and the location of the center of the ellipsoid with respect to the center of the earth, usually define world geodetic datums.
datum
datum defect
Unknown discrepancies between two sets of coordinates which can only be rectified by the use of a datum transformation as part of a network adjustment. Defines the transformation that is used to transform the coordinates of a point defined in one datum to coordinates in a different datum. There are a number of different datum transformation methods supported by the Trimble Geomatics Office software: Seven-Parameter Three-Parameter (also referred to as Molodensky) Multiple Regression Datum Grid Datum transformations usually convert data collected in the WGS-84 datum (by GPS methods) onto datums used for surveying and mapping purposes in individual regions and countries.
datum transformation
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Glossary
de-correlate
To remove the covariances between observations. This may be done through elaborate orthogonal transformations, or by computing separate horizontal and vertical adjustments. The angular difference between the upward direction of the plumb line (vertical) and the perpendicular (normal) to the ellipsoid. A measure of the redundancy in a network. The difference in elevation between two points. The vertical component in the Trimble Geomatics Office software's expression of GPS baselines. It is the difference in height or change of height. Coordinate differences expressed in a Local Geodetic Horizon coordinate system. Coordinate differences expressed in a Cartesian coordinate system. The precise measurement of the relative position of two receivers that are tracking the same satellites simultaneously. Dilution of Precision An indicator of the quality of a GPS position. It takes account of each satellites location relative to the other satellites in the constellation, and their geometry in relation to the GPS receiver. A low DOP value indicates a higher probability of accuracy.
deflection of the vertical
degrees of freedom delta elevation delta height
delta N, delta E, delta U delta X, delta Y, delta Z differential positioning
DOP
531
Glossary
Standard DOPs for GPS applications are: PDOP Position (three coordinates) HDOP Horizontal (two horizontal coordinates) RDOP VDOP Vertical (height only) TDOP Time (clock offset only)
Doppler shift
The apparent change in frequency of a signal caused by the relative motion of satellites and the receiver. An arithmetic method of differencing carrier phases simultaneously measured by two receivers tracking the same satellites. This method removes the satellite and receiver clock errors. Digital Terrain Model An electronic representation of terrain in threedimensions.
double differencing
DTM
dual-frequency
A type of receiver that uses both L1 and L2 signals from GPS satellites. A dual-frequency receiver can compute more precise position fixes over longer distances and under more adverse conditions because it compensates for ionospheric delays. A Cartesian coordinate system used by the WGS-84 reference frame. In this coordinate system, the center of the system is at the earth's center of mass. The z axis is coincident with the mean rotational axis of the earth and the x axis passes through 0 N and 0 E. The y axis is perpendicular to the plane of the x and z axes. Eastward reading of grid values. Left to right on a grid (X-axis).
Earth-CenteredEarth-Fixed (ECEF)
easting
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Glossary
elevation
The height above mean sea level or the vertical distance above the geoid. Elevation is sometimes referred to as the orthometric height. An angle which is normally set to 13 degrees. If you track satellites from above this angle, you usually avoid interference caused by buildings, trees, and multipath errors. Trimble recommends that you do not track satellites from below 13 degrees.
elevation mask
ellipsoid
A mathematical model of the earth formed by rotating an ellipse around its minor axis. For ellipsoids that model the earth, the minor axis is the polar axis, and the major axis is the equatorial axis. You define an ellipsoid by specifying the lengths of both axes, or by specifying the length of the major axis and the flattening. Two quantities define an ellipsoid; these are usually given as the length of the semi-major axis, a, and the flattening,
(a b ) f = --------------a
where b is the length of the semi-minor axis.

ellipsoid distance
As used in the Trimble Geomatics Office software, it is the length of the normal section between two points. Ellipsoid distance is not the same as the geodesic distance.
ellipsoid height
The distance, measured along the normal, from the surface of the ellipsoid to a point.
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Glossary
entities
Primary graphical elements that you can view and select from the graphics window. Entities available in the Trimble Geomatics Office software are points, lines, arcs, curves, text, and annotations.
ephemeris
A set of data that describes the position of a celestial object as a function of time. Each GPS satellite periodically transmits a broadcast ephemeris describing its predicted positions through the near future, uploaded by the Control Segment. Postprocessing programs can also use a precise ephemeris that describes the exact positions of a satellite in the past. The measurement interval of a GPS receiver. The epoch varies according to the survey type: For real-time surveys it is set at one second. For postprocessed surveys it can be set to a rate of between one second and one minute
epoch
epoch interval
The measurement interval used by a GPS receiver; also called a cycle. The difference between the measured value of a quantity and its true value. Surveying errors are generally divided into three categories: blunders, systematic errors, and random errors. Least squares analysis is used to detect and eliminate blunders and systematic errors, and least squares adjustment is used to measure and properly distribute random error. A coordinate error ellipse is a graphical representation of the magnitude and direction of the error of network adjusted points.
error
error ellipse
53 4
Glossary
events
A record of the occurrence of an event, such as the closing of a photogrammetric camera's shutter. A GPS receiver can log an event mark containing the time of the event and an alphanumeric comment entered through the keypad to describe the event. An event can be triggered through the keypad or by an electrical signal input on one of the receiver's ports. A method of GPS surveying using occupations of up to 20 minutes to collect GPS raw data, then postprocessing to achieve sub-centimeter precisions. Typically the occupation times vary based on the number of satellites (SVs) in view: 4 SVs take 20 minutes* 5 SVs take 15 minutes* 6 or more SVs take 8 minutes* (*collected at a 15 second epoch rate)
FastStatic
Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) file feature codes
A text file that contains the definitions of feature codes, attributes, CAD styles, and control codes. Descriptive words or abbreviations that describe the features you see. Special instructions that tell the Trimble Geomatics Office software to insert information into reports, files, and annotations. Field codes are used to handle the transfer of database data in ASCII import/export/report operations.
field codes
535
Glossary
final solution
When postprocessing is used to generate GPS vectors, particularly for static solutions, the baseline processor steps through different solutions using a variety of processing techniques and combinations of GPS measurements. In general each subsequent solution is better than the previous one. The final solution provides the best estimate of the GPS vector between two points. See constrained. Point coordinates that do not move when performing a network adjustment. A solution obtained when the baseline processor is able to resolve the integer ambiguity search with enough confidence to select one set of integers over another. It is called a fixed solution because the ambiguities are all fixed from their estimated float values to their proper integer values. A mathematical expression of the relative lengths of the major and minor axes of an ellipsoid. An expression of the flattening that is easier to read and edit. A solution obtained when the baseline processor is unable to resolve the integer ambiguity search with enough confidence to select one set of integers over another. It is called a float solution because the ambiguity includes a fractional part and is non-integer. Performing a network adjustment in which no point (coordinate) is constrained. The network adjustment uses inner constraints. The size and spread of residuals in a data set. Graphically shown in histograms.
fixed fixed coordinates
fixed solution
flattening
flattening inverse
float solution
free adjustment
frequency distribution
53 6
Glossary
fully constrained
A network adjustment in which all points in the network which are part of a larger control network are held fixed to their published coordinate values. Used to merge smaller with larger control networks and old to newer networks. Geometric Dilution of Precision The relationship between errors in user position and time, and errors in satellite range. See also DOP.
GDOP
geodetic azimuth
The angle between the geodetic meridian and the tangent to the geodesic line of the observer, measured in the plane perpendicular to the ellipsoid normal of the observer. Clockwise from north. A mathematical model designed to fit part or all of the geoid. It is defined by the relationship between an ellipsoid and a point on the topographic surface established as the origin of a datum.The size and shape of an ellipsoid and the location of the center of the ellipsoid with respect to the center of the earth define world geodetic datums. Various datums have been established to suit particular regions. For example, European maps are often based on the European datum of 1950 (ED-50). Maps of the United States are often based on the North American Datum of 1927 or 1983 (NAD-27, NAD-83). All GPS coordinates are based on the WGS-84 datum surface.
geodetic datum
geographic (geodetic) coordinates
Latitude, longitude, and ellipsoid height.
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Glossary
geoid
The surface of gravitational equipotential that closely approximates mean sea level. It is not a uniform mathematical shape, but is an irregular figure with an overall shape similar to an ellipsoid. Generally, the elevations of points are measured with reference to the geoid. However, points fixed by GPS methods have heights established in the WGS-84 datum (a mathematical figure). The relationship between the WGS-84 datum and the geoid must be determined by observation, as there is no single mathematical definition that can describe the relationship. You must use conventional survey methods to observe the elevation above the geoid, then compare the results with the height above the WGS-84 ellipsoid at the same point. By gathering a large number of observations of the separation between the geoid and the WGS-84 datum (geoidal separation), grid files of the separation values can be established. This allows the interpolation of the geoidal separation at intermediate positions. Files containing these grids of geoidal separations are referred to as geoid models. Given a WGS-84 position that falls within the extents of a geoid model, the model can return the interpolated geoidal separation at this position.
geoid model
A mathematical representation of the geoid for a specific area, or for the whole earth. The software uses the geoid model to generate geoid separations for your points in the network.
53 8
Glossary
geoid observation
A geoid separation, with its associated error, extracted from a geoid model. The Trimble Geomatics Office software network adjustment treats them as in the same way as any observation with an associated error. As the adjustment progresses the observations will become adjusted geoid observations. The distance between the ellipsoid and geoid at a given point. The design, collection, storage, analysis, display, and retrieval of spatial information. The collection of spatial information can be from a variety of sources, including GPS and terrestrial methods. Geomatics integrates traditional surveying with new technology-driven approaches, making geomatics useful for a vast number of applications. Global Positioning System GPS is based on a constellation of 24 satellites orbiting the earth at a very high altitude.
geoid separation
geomatics
GPS
GPS baseline
A three-dimensional measurement between a pair of stations for which simultaneous GPS data has been collected and processed with differencing techniques. Represented as delta X, delta Y, and delta Z; or azimuth, distance, and delta height.
GPS observations
A GPS baseline with its associated errors. As the adjustment progresses the observations become adjusted GPS observations. The data collected by a GPS receiver for the purpose of processing at a later time. It can be in the form of a .dat file (Trimble raw data file format) or a RINEX file.
GPS raw data
539
Glossary
GPS time
A measure of time used by the NAVSTAR GPS system. GPS time is based on Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) but does not add periodic leap seconds to correct for changes in the earths period of rotation. A two-dimensional horizontal rectangular coordinate system, such as a map projection. The conversion between geographic and map projection coordinates. The distance between two points that is expressed in mapping projection coordinates. The distance (horizontal distance with curvature applied) between two ground points. Horizontal Dilution of Precision A measuring tool supplied with an external GPS antenna and used for measuring the height of the antenna above a point. Height of instrument. Synonymous with antenna heights for GPS.
grid
grid conversion
grid distance
ground distance
HDOP height measurement rod
HI
histogram
A graphical display of the size and distribution of residuals in a network adjustment. A point with horizontal coordinate accuracy only. The elevation or ellipsoid height is of a lower order of accuracy or is unknown. The distance between two points, computed horizontally from the elevation of either point. A point with horizontal coordinates only.
horizontal control point
horizontal distance
horizontal position
54 0
Glossary
independent
Subnetworks, observations, and control points not connected by geometry or errors. This term is the opposite of correlated. A network adjustment computed without fixing any point coordinates. The Trimble Geomatics Office software uses the centroid of the network as an inner constraint. The whole number of cycles in a carrier phase pseudorange between the GPS satellite and the GPS receiver. GPS baseline processing, whether real-time or postprocessed, requires fixed integer solutions for the best possible results. The software which processes the GPS measurements used to derive a baseline does an integer search to obtain a fixed integer solution. The search involves trying various combinations of integer values and selecting the best results. Ionospheric free solution (IonoFree) A solution that uses a combination of GPS measurements to model and remove the effects of the ionosphere on the GPS signals. This solution is often used for high-order control surveying, particularly when observing long baselines.
inner constraint
integer ambiguity
integer search
iono free
ionosphere
The band of charged particles 80 to 120 miles above the earth's surface. It affects the accuracy of GPS measurements if you measure long baselines using singlefrequency receivers.
541
Glossary
ionospheric modeling
The time delay caused by the ionosphere varies with respect to the frequency of the GPS signals and affects both the L1 and L2 signals differently. When dual frequency receivers are used the carrier phase observations for both frequencies can be used to model and eliminate most of the ionospheric effects. When dual frequency measurements are not available an ionospheric model broadcast by the GPS satellites can be used to reduce ionospheric affects. The use of the broadcast model, however, is not as effective as the use of dual frequency measurements. A complete set of adjustment computations that includes the formation of the observation equations, normal equations, coordinate adjustments, and computation of residuals. A method of GPS surveying using short Stop and Go occupations, while maintaining lock on at least four satellites. Can be done in real time or postprocessed to centimeter precisions. Known point is used in conjunction with kinematic initialization. If two known points are available, the baseline processor can calculate an inverse between the two points and derive an initialization vector. This initialization vector, with known baseline components, is used to help solve for the integer ambiguity. If the processor is able to successfully resolve this ambiguity a fixed integer solution is possible, yielding the best solutions for kinematic surveys. The primary L-band carrier used by GPS satellites to transmit satellite data. Its frequency is 1575.42 MHz. It is modulated by C/A code, P code, and a Navigation Message.
iteration
kinematic surveying
known point initialization
L1
54 2
Glossary
L2
The secondary L-band carrier used by GPS satellites to transmit satellite data. Its frequency is 1227.6 MHz. It is modulated by P code and a Navigation Message. Information that you can assign to points in the project. They appear beside points helping you locate them easily. Labels are visible in Survey view and Plan view. You can use the Trimble Geomatics Office software's predefined label definition to label points (for example, with their names, feature codes, and elevations). Labels use the same font and size as the ToolTips in your Microsoft Windows Appearance settings. To assign labels to points in the database, use View / Point Labels.
label
layers
A place to store data that has been grouped together. Organizing data into layers in this way makes it easier to manage. You can have any number of layers in a project. To assign or reassign an entity to a layer, use the Properties window. A layer name can have up to 100 alphanumeric characters.
least squares
A mathematical method for the adjustment of observations, based on the theory of probability. In this adjustment method, the sum of the squares of all the weighted residuals is minimized. A level observation is an observation in the field using a digital level. A measure of the confidence in our results, expressed in a percentage or sigma.
level observation
level of confidence
543
Glossary
level of significance
An expression of probability. A one-sigma (standard) error is said to have a level of significance of 68 percent. For one-dimensional errors, a 95 percent level of significance is expressed by 1.96 sigma, and a percent level of significance is expressed by 2.576 sigma. The ellipsoid specified by a coordinate system. The WGS-84 coordinates are first transformed onto this ellipsoid, then converted to grid coordinates. The latitude, longitude, and height of a point. The coordinates are expressed in terms of the local ellipsoid. At any point, a plane at the ellipsoid height of a given point which is parallel to the tangent plane to the ellipsoid at that point. Coordinate values for the local geodetic horizon are expressed as North, East, and Up. The LGH is used for rotating EC Cartesian Coordinate differences, before modeling a baseline on the ellipsoid. Azimuth values computed from LGH components must be corrected for skew normals as part of modeling on the ellipsoid. Loop closures provide an indication as to the amount of error in a set of observations within a network. A loop closure is calculated by selecting a point from which one or more observations were taken, adding one of those observations to the point's coordinates, and calculating coordinates of the second point based on that observation. This process is repeated one or more times around a loop, finally ending at the original starting point. If there were no errors in the observations, the final calculated coordinate would be exactly the same as the original starting coordinate. By subtracting the calculated coordinate from the original coordinate a misclosure is determined. Dividing this error by the length of the line allows the error to be expressed in parts per million.
local ellipsoid
local geodetic coordinates local geodetic horizon
loop closure
54 4
Glossary
This technique can also be used between two different points when both points are known with a high degree of accuracy. This is also known as a traverse closure.
major axis mapping angle
See ellipsoid. The angle between grid north on a mapping projection and the meridian of longitude at a given point. Also know as convergence. A rigorous mathematical expression of the curved surface of the ellipsoid on a rectangular coordinate grid. The mean height of the surface of the ocean for all stages of the tide. Used as a reference for elevations. A network adjustment in which only enough constraints to define the coordinate system are employed. Used to measure internal consistency in observations. See ellipsoid. Expressing an observation and its related errors mathematically and geometrically on some defined coordinate system, such as an ellipsoid. Interference (similar to ghosts on a television screen) that occurs when GPS signals arrive at an antenna after traveling different paths. The signal traveling the longer path yields a larger pseudorange estimate and increases the error. Multiple paths may arise from reflections from structures near the antenna. A linear combination of L1 and L2 carrier phase observations (L1 + L2) that is useful for canceling out ionospheric effects in collected baseline data. The effective wavelength of the narrow-lane is 10.7 cm.
mapping projection
mean sea level
minimally constrained
minor axis modeling
multipath
narrow-lane
545
Glossary
NAVDATA
NAVDATA is the 1500-bit navigation message broadcast by each satellite. This message contains system time, clock correction parameters, ionospheric delay model parameters, and details of the satellite's ephemeris and health. The information is used to process GPS signals to obtain user position and velocity. A set of baselines. See also subnetwork. Solution of simultaneous equations designed to achieve closure in a survey network by minimizing the sum of the weighted squares of the residuals of the observations. The adjustment technique employed by the Trimble Geomatics Office software is sometimes called variation of coordinates, and at other times the method of indirect observations.
network network adjustment
network status
An indication that a particular observation will be included in the adjustment. Network means that it is included in the adjustment Non-network means that it is excluded from the adjustment.
NMEA
National Marine Electronics Association The NMEA 0183 Standard defines the interface for marine electronic navigational devices. This standard defines a number of strings referred to as NMEA strings that contain navigational details such as positions. Most Trimble GPS receivers can output positions as NMEA strings.
normal
In geodesy, the straight line perpendicular to the surface of the ellipsoid.
54 6
Glossary
normal distribution curve
A graphical illustration of the theoretical distribution of random variables around an expected value according to probability theory. Used with histograms. Northward reading of a grid value. The correction applied to an observation, as determined by the adjustment. See surveying observations. The amount of time required on a station, or point, to achieve successful process of a GPS baseline. The amount of time will vary depending on the surveying technique, the type of GPS receiver used, and the precision required for the final results. Occupation times can vary from a couple of seconds (kinematic surveys) to several hours (control or deformation surveys that require the highest levels of precision and repeatability). The intersection of axes in a coordinate system. The point of beginning. The distance between a point and the surface of the geoid. It is usually called the elevation. GPS baseline processing, whether real-time or postprocessed, requires fixed integer solutions for the best possible results. (See integer search.) Historically, this search was done using measurements collected while two or more receivers were stationary on their respective points. Modern receivers and software can use the measurements collected while the roving receiver is moving. Because the receiver is moving, the data is described as collected On-the-fly (OTF) and the integer search using this data is an OTF search.
northing observation residual
observations occupation time
origin
orthometric height
OTF search method
547
Glossary
outlier
An observation which is identified by statistical analysis as having a residual too large for its estimated error. The term derives from the graphical position of an observation in a histogram. A network for which more measurements have been made than are necessary to compute the coordinates of the network. Related to redundancy. The precise code transmitted by the GPS satellites. Each satellite has a unique code that is modulated onto both the L1 and L2 carrier waves. The P-code is replaced by a Y-code when Anti-Spoofing is active. An independent variable in terms of which the coordinates of points on a line or surface are given. See unknowns. A form of error checking used in binary digital data storage and transfer. Options for parity-checking include Even, Odd, or None. Position Dilution of Precision A unitless figure of merit expressing the relationship between the error in user position, and the error in satellite position. Geometrically, PDOP is proportional to 1 divided by the volume of the pyramid formed by lines running from the receiver to four satellites that are observed. Values considered good for positioning are small, for example 3. Values greater than 7 are considered poor. Thus, small PDOP is associated with widely separated satellites. PDOP is related to horizontal and vertical DOP by:
PDOP = HDOP + VDOP
2 2 2
over-determined
P-code
parameter
parity
PDOP
54 8
Glossary
PDOP cutoff
A receiver parameter specifying a maximum PDOP value for positioning. When the geometric orientation of the satellites yields a PDOP greater than the mask value, the receiver stops computing position fixes. The highest PDOP value at which a receiver will compute positions. See antenna phase correction. A model used to apply a correction to a GPS signal based on a specific antenna type. The correction is based on the elevation of the satellite above the horizon and models electrical variations in the antenna phase center location. These models are useful for eliminating errors introduced when identical antennas are not used at both the base and rover points. See also antenna phase correction. The act of aligning the antenna or instrument along a vertical line (plumb line) perpendicular to the equipotential surface of earth's gravity field. See autonomous positioning. To process satellite data on a computer after it has been collected. Parts per million A standardized representation of a scale error in distance measurements. A 1 PPM error would result in 1 millimeter of measurement error for every 1000 meters of distance traveled.
PDOP mask
phase center phase center models
plumbing
point positions postprocess
PPM
precise ephemeris
See ephemeris.
549
Glossary
precision
A measure of how closely random variables tend to cluster around a computed value. High precision implies small residuals. Usually expressed as one part in, or alternatively, as parts per million. Pseudorandom number A sequence of digital 1s and 0s that appear to be randomly distributed like noise, but that can be exactly reproduced. PRN codes have a low autocorrelation value for all delays or lags except when they are exactly coincident. Each NAVSTAR satellite can be identified by its unique C/A and P pseudorandom noise codes, so the term PRN is sometimes used as another name for GPS satellite or SV.
PRN
probability
A statistical percentage expressing what portion of a hypothetical number of observations will fall within the defined limits. Sometimes called level of significance. The adjusted value for observations and other quantities, assuming that the adjustment has been done correctly. The closest approximation to true value that is possible. The Trimble Geomatics Office software operates on data in projects. You can consider a project to be the workspace you are working in. New projects are always created from existing templates and inherit all the elements of the template. From this point on, all new work is saved only in the new project. A project contains all of the raw observations, computed points, coordinate system definition, line work, text, and CAD styles.
probable value
project
project datum
The datum associated with a project in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. All local coordinates are displayed using the project datum.
55 0
Glossary
projection
Used to create flat maps that represent the surface of the earth or parts of that surface. Computed errors derived from estimated observational errors and expressed in terms of coordinate positions. Propagated coordinate errors may, in turn, be propagated into relative errors in azimuth, distance, and delta height between points. One or more software evaluation tests performed on raw GPS measurement data to determine if the data passes or fails a set of tolerance values that you define. These tests either remove data from further processing or mark data requiring quality improvements. Quality Control records QC records contain information about the quality of the measured GPS position. They are stored with the point record.
propagated error
Quality Acceptance test
QC records
ratio
During initialization, the receiver determines the integer number of wavelengths for each satellite. For a particular set of integers, it works out the probability that it is the correct set. Ratio is the ratio of the probability of correctness of the currently best set of integers to the probability of correctness of the next-best set. Thus, a high ratio indicates that the best set of integers is much better than any other set. This gives us confidence that it is correct. The ratio must be above 5 for new point and OTF initializations.
RDOP
Relative Dilution of Precision
551
Glossary
Real-Time kinematic
A method of GPS surveying in real-time using short (Stop and Go) occupation, while maintaining lock on at least 4 satellites. This method requires a wireless data link between the base and rover receivers. Coordinates in any system in which the axes of reference intersect at right angles. An abbreviated version of the normal equations in which the equations are reordered to minimize the computer memory required to store all nonzero elements. The amount by which a control network is overdetermined, or has more observations than are needed to strictly compute its parts. A measure of the degrees of freedom in a portion, rather than the entirety, of a control network. A baseline observed to a point that has already been connected to the network by other observations. A redundant baseline can be either an independent reobservation of a previous measurement, or an observation to a point from another base. It is redundant because it provides more information than is necessary to uniquely determine a point. Redundant observations are very useful, however, in that they provide a check on the quality of previous measurements. A repeated observation, or an observation which contributes to over-determining a network. See standard error of unit weight. The coordinate system of a datum. A base station.
rectangular coordinates reduced column profile
redundancy
redundancy number
redundant baselines
redundant observation reference factor reference frame reference station
55 2
Glossary
reference variance relative errors
The square of the reference factor. Errors and precisions expressed for and between pairs of network-adjusted control points. The correction, or adjustment, of an observation to achieve overall closure in a control network. Also, any difference between an observed quantity and a computed value for that quantity. Receiver INdependent EXchange format A standard GPS raw data file format used to exchange files from multiple receiver manufacturers.
residual
RINEX
RMS
Root Mean Square RMS expresses the accuracy of point measurement. It is the radius of the error circle within which approximately 70% of position fixes are found. It can be expressed in distance units or in wavelength cycles.
rotated meridian
A zone constant for the oblique Mercator mapping projection. In transformations, an angle through which a coordinate axis is moved around the coordinate system origin. Any mobile GPS receiver and field computer that is collecting data in the field. The position of a roving receiver can be differentially-corrected relative to a stationary base GPS receiver. Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services A Commission established to define a differential data link for the real-time differential correction of roving GPS receivers. There are two types of RTCM differential correction messages, but all Trimble GPS receivers use the newer Type 2 RTCM protocol.
rotation
rover
RTCM
Glossary
RTK
Real-time kinematic A type of GPS survey.
satellite geometry
Position and movement of GPS satellites during a GPS survey. In least squares, a value applied to the variances (errors) based on the required level of confidence. A process of applying a scalar to the estimated errors to achieve proper weighting of the observation. The three types of scalars available in a network adjustment in the Trimble Geomatics Office software are: Default means that scalar is set to 1.00, initial estimated error remains the same Alternative means that scalar is set to the Reference Factor of the previous adjustment User-defined means that you can enter a value for the scalar The scalar is applied to the observation errors using one of the following methods: All Observations Each Observation Variance Component Groups
scalar
scalar weighting
scale
A multiplier used on coordinate and other linear variables, such as for map projections and transformations. Survey Data Management System A set of format definitions for the storage of survey data. AASHTO maintains this system.
SDMS
55 4
Glossary
Selective Availability (S/A)
Artificial degradation of the GPS satellite signal by the U.S. Department of Defense. Since 1st May 2000, Selective Availability has been turned off. One-half of the major axis. One-half of the minor axis. A period during which one or more GPS receivers log satellite measure data. Errors in tribrach centering or height of instrument at a control point. An observed baseline with no redundancy. A mathematical symbol or term for standard error. A type of receiver that only uses the L1 GPS signal. There is no compensation for ionospheric effects. A process of computing parameters which establishing the relationship between WGS-84 positions (latitude, longitude and ellipsoid height) determined by GPS observations and local known coordinates defined by a map projection and elevations above mean sea level. The parameters are used to generate local grid coordinates from WGS-84 (and vice-versa) real-time in the field when using RTK surveying methods. A polar plot that shows the paths of visible satellites for the time interval selected for the graph. The elevation of the satellite is represented in the radial dimension and the azimuth is shown in the angular dimension. The result depicts the satellite's path as it appears to an observer looking down from a place directly above the survey point.
semi-major axis semi-minor axis session
set-up error
sideshot sigma single-frequency
site calibration
skyplot
555
Glossary
solution types
A description of both the data and techniques used to obtain baseline solutions from GPS measurements. Typical solution types include descriptions such as code, float, and fixed. These describe techniques used by the baseline processor to obtain a baseline solution. Solution types also may include descriptions such as L1, L2, widelane, narrow-lane, or ionospheric free. These describe the way the GPS measurements are combined to achieve particular results. For more information, see the references on GPS processing for a more in depth discussion of these terms and techniques. The distance in the plane parallel to the vertical difference (slope) between the points. Signal-to-Noise Ratio A measure of the strength of a satellite signal. SNR ranges from 0 (no signal) to around 35.
slope distance
SNR
standard error
A statistical estimate of error, according to which 68 percent of an infinite number of observations will theoretically have absolute errors less than or equal to this value. A measure of the magnitude of observational residuals in an adjusted network as compared to estimated preadjustment observational errors. Special definitions of Transverse Mercator and Lambert conformal mapping projections adopted by statute in the USA. There is one set of such zones for NAD-27, and another for NAD-83. A method of GPS surveying using long occupations (hours in some cases) to collect GPS raw data, then postprocessing to achieve sub-centimeter precisions.
standard error of unit weight
State Plane Coordinates
static (surveying)
55 6
Glossary
static network
The static network describes the geometry and order in which GPS baselines collected using static and fast static techniques are organized and processed. The baseline processor first examines the project for points with the highest quality coordinates, and then builds the processing network from those points. The result is a set of static baselines that are derived using accurate initial coordinates. Every observation and set of keyed-in coordinates for a point has a status field (available in the Summary page of the Properties window). The status can be Enabled, Enabled as check, or Disabled: Enabled observations and coordinates are always used by recomputation in determining the calculated position for the point. Enabled as check observations and coordinates are only used if there are no Enabled ones Disabled observations and coordinates are never used.
status
stochastic model
A general reference to the techniques used to estimate errors in a network adjustment. A set of baselines connected together by common control points, and independent of (separate from) any other baselines. As used by the Trimble Geomatics Office software, a network may consist of one or more subnetworks, and any one subnetwork may consist of as few as one baseline and two control points. A Trimble proprietary method of processing the L2 signal when the P-code is encrypted.
subnetwork
Super-trak
557
Glossary
surveying observations
Measurements made at or between control points using surveying equipment, including GPS receivers and conventional equipment. Satellite Vehicle (or Space Vehicle) Symbols and line types are maintained using the Trimble Symbol and Line Type Editor utilities. Use these editors to create new symbols and line types as well as to edit existing ones. Symbols are stored in symbol libraries and line types are stored in line type libraries. The Trimble Geomatics Office software uses the current system symbol and line type libraries. When saving an edited library you can make this the system library (if it is not already the current system library).
SV symbols and line types
systematic errors
An error that occurs with the same sign, and often the same magnitude, in a number of related observations. A value computed from an internal frequency distribution based upon the number of observations, degrees of freedom, and a given probability percentage (95%). This value is used to determine if an observation is not fitting with the others in the adjustment. If an observations residual exceeds the tau, it is flagged as an outlier. Known as tau lines in the histogram of standardized residuals, vertical lines left and right of the center vertical line. Allen Pope's statistical technique for detecting observation outliers. For more information, see Pope (1976). Time Dilution of Precision A terrestrial observation is an observation in the field using a laser rangefinder or conventional instrument.
tau (value)
tau criterion
TDOP terrestrial observation
55 8
Glossary
TOW
Time of Week TOW in seconds, from midnight Saturday night/Sunday morning GPS time.
tracking
The process of receiving and recognizing signals from a satellite. The rotation, shift, and scaling of a network to move it from one coordinate system to another. A selected group of observations used to compute transformation parameters unique to that group of observations. Typically, the observations within the group are the same type with similar errors and measured using a common method. A set of parameters derived for a network adjustment or user-defined, that transform one datum to another. Typically with GPS the parameters are generated to transform WGS-84 to the local datum. Centering device used for mounting GPS antennas and other survey instruments on survey tripods. The errors associated with centering (plumbing) the tribrach over the observed point. These errors are estimated. The estimate is based on surveying the quality of surveying methods and should be conservative. Tropospheric correction The correction applied to a satellite measurement to correct for tropospheric delay.
transformation
transformation group
transformation parameters
tribrach
tribrach centering errors
tropo correction
559
Glossary
tropo model
tropospheric model GPS signals are delayed by the troposphere. The amount of the delay will vary with the temperature, humidity, pressure, height of the station above sea level, and the elevation of the GPS satellites above the horizon. Corrections to the code and phase measurements can be made using a tropo model to account for these delays.
univariate
A mathematical function describing the behavior of one-dimensional random errors, in: angle distance difference in height elevation ellipsoid height
URA
User Range Accuracy A measure of the errors that may be introduced by satellite problems and Selective Availability (S/A) if a particular satellite vehicle (SV) is used. A URA of 32 meters indicates that S/A is enabled. The URA value is set by the Control Segment and is broadcast by the satellites.
unknowns
The computed adjustments to coordinates and transformation parameters. Also used to compute observation residuals. United States government agency that maintains the national geodetic datum and all geodetic survey control networks within the US and its territories. 1200/3937 meter. The official unit of linear measure for NAD-27.
US National
US Survey Foot
56 0
Glossary
UTC
Universal Time Coordinated A time standard based on local solar mean time at the Greenwich meridian. See also GPS time.
variance variance component estimation variance group
The square of the standard error. A least-squares technique for estimating the relative error of different portions of a network. One of the groups of observations for which variance component estimation is being used in a network adjustment. The set of numbers expressing the variances and covariances in a group of observations. Vertical Dilution of Precision A three-dimensional line between two points. Similar to the normal, except that it is computed from the tangent plane to the geoid instead of the ellipsoid. A network adjustment of vertical observations and coordinates only. A point with vertical coordinate accuracy only. The horizontal position is of a lower order of accuracy or is unknown. Weighted Ambiguity Vector Estimator WAVE is the Trimble baseline processor. It computes GPS vectors from field observations made using static, FastStatic, or kinematic data collection procedures.
variance-covariance matrix VDOP vector vertical
vertical adjustment
vertical control point
WAVE
weight
The inverse of the variance of an observation.
561
Glossary
weighting strategy
The collection of values used to augment variance-covariance matrices in the Trimble Geomatics Office software. The set of weights, or the inverse of the variancecovariance matrix of correlated observations. World Geodetic System (1984) The mathematical ellipsoid used by GPS since January 1987.
weights
WGS-84
wide-lane
A linear combination of L1 and L2 carrier phase observations (L1 - L2). This is useful for its low effective wavelength (86.2 cm) and for finding integer ambiguities on long baselines. In the Earth Centered Cartesian system, X refers to the direction of the coordinate axis running from the system origin to the Greenwich Meridian; Y to the axis running from the origin through the 90 east longitude meridian, and Z to the polar ice cap. In rectangular coordinate systems, X refers to the east-west axis, Y to the north-south axis, and Z to the height axis. Y-code is an encrypted form of the information contained in the P-code. Satellites transmit Y-code in place of Pcode when Anti-Spoofing is in effect. The delay, caused by the troposphere, of a GPS signal observed from a satellite directly overhead. As a satellite approaches the horizon, the signal path through the troposphere becomes longer and the delay increases.
X, Y and Z
Y-code
zenith delay
56 2
Index
Symbols
#, wildcard 165 *, wildcard 165 .html 384 ?, wildcard 165 datum transformations 411, 414 descriptions for points 341 ellipsoids 411, 413 entities 338 entities, selecting layers 322 entities, using feature code processing 319 feature codes to points 340 field codes 476 geoid models 411 lines 345 lines, using feature code processing 319 linework between points 345 linework for observations 347 points 338 points with attributes 382 points, by azimuth and distance 341 points, manually by coordinates 338 points, using feature code processing 319 site definitions 411 symbols, to .sym file 437 text to projects 352 adjusted quality recomputation 179, 490 adjustment horizontal 51 adjustments horizontal, computing 227 inclined plane 228
Numerics
3D control points color of 150
A
A1 Viewer utility. See Trimble A1 Viewer utility 465 add 348 adding annotations 354 annotations, using feature code processing 319 arcs 348 attributes to feature codes 390 attributes to points 388 attributes to projects 381 azimuths, manually 344 CAD properties to a point 340 coordinate systems 411, 417 coordinate systems to .csd file 417 curves 350
563
Index using a calibration in a site vertical 51 vertical, computing 228 vertical, including 228 vertical, maximum inclination 233 annotation templates 322, 331, 426 adding layers 326 creating 332, 336, 426, 431 deleting 335 editing 335 field codes in 331 for lines and arcs 434 for points, example 431 from feature code processing 431 predefined 331, 431 specifying layers for 432 viewing, how to 332, 431 annotations Also see entities adding 354 adding using feature code processing 319 amount of text 334 and labels 143 default position 334 defining 331 field codes 470 floating 334 moving 334 orientation of 333 position of 331, 433 specifying layers 334 viewing 222 viewing properties of 355 antenna details editing 212 Antenna files transferring to the Trimble Survey Controller software 101 version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to 78 antenna heights editing 211 selecting points by 157 antenna models, NGS 468 applying, GPS site calibrations 239 arcs Also see entities adding 348 viewing properties of 350 ArcView (*.dbf/*.shp/*.shw) Shapefiles 397 ArcView, export format 368 ASCII data files custom formats, importing 68 importing 64 ASCII formats exporting data to 367 ASCII formats, custom exporting data 367 attributes 378 .ddf files for projects 31 .fcl files for projects 31 adding to points 388 adding to projects 381 collecting 383 collecting, .ddf files 98, 383, 385 collecting, .fcl files 96 creating 426 creating custom reports 391 cutting, or copying, and pasting points with 389 date recorded 398 defining 378 defining sets to collect 438 deleting 389 for feature codes 425 horizontal precision 398 importing with .dc files 381 managing 189, 386
56 4
Index point elevation 398 setting up projects for 381, 388, 425, 427, 443 setting up projects for, how to 31 setting up projects, .ddf files 381, 385 time recorded 398 types of 439 using new feature codes in a project 389 viewing 386 AutoCAD files 366 exporting 366 AutoCAD With Attributes (*.dxf) files 397 AutoCAD with attributes, export format 368 AutoCAD, export format 368 Autodesk fieldbook, export format 369 automatic feature code processing 30 autonomous, method of measuring coordinates 116 azimuth adding points by 341 azimuth observations 199 survey details of 199 viewing details 175 azimuth system, south 57 azimuths adding, manually 344 baselines, GPS disabled, color of 149 postprocessed, color of 149 potential, color of 149 blocks, for symbols 371
C
C&G standard, export format 368 CAD details adding to a point 340 of a point, viewing 188 CAD formats exporting data to 367 CAD styles 322, 327 assigning to entities 327 creating 327, 331 defining 327 deleting 327 deleting, how to 330 editing 327, 330 viewing 331 calculated positions for GPS baselines or points 33 of points, recomputation 505 calibration point pairs 229 one-dimensional 231 selecting 229 three-dimensional 228, 231 two-dimensional 231 Calibration Report Also see system-generated reports Calibration Report, sections of 235 Calibration.html. See Calibration Report calibrations. See GPS site calibrations changing .fcl files 382 coordinate systems 28, 40, 45 coordinate systems, automatically 53
B
background maps 150 backsight class, points 115 Base Occupation page, for GPS observations 193 baseline processing selection method for 151 Baseline Processing module. See WAVE Baseline Processing module 17
565
Index geoid models 44 geoid models for sites 52 maximum error and iteration count 233 project properties 27 status of observations 206 view filters 145 check class, points 115 Checkin folder 37, 445 checking data 140 tolerance 33 tolerances 33 classes, points Trimble Survey Controller software 114 CMM files, export format 368 codes, field. See field codes collecting attributes, .ddf files 98 feature codes in the field 314 color settings for a project 148 colors of flags 14 of stations 149 of symbols 329, 429 Combined Datum Grid (*.cdg) files 89 creating 89 transferring 89 version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to commas between point names 155 components (NE,e,h) quality of, recomputation 489 computation summary, GPS site calibrations 233 computing datum transformations 226 datum transformations, how to 226 GPS site calibration parameters 232 horizontal adjustment 227 vertical adjustment 228 context field codes 471 control class points 115 control codes 426 assigning to points 442 creating 427, 442 defining 442 control points 3D, color of 150 horizontal, color of 150 importing 64 vertical, color of 150 control quality recomputation 179, 490 control quality, fixed recomputation 179 conventional observations recomputation 496 viewing details 175, 191, 194 Convert to RINEX utility. See Trimble Convert to RINEX utility 455 Coordinate page, for points 178 coordinate system database 40, 41, 45, 411, 419 accessing 410 selecting coordinate systems 45 viewing 41 coordinate system definitions using datum grids in the field 89 using geoid models in the field 83 coordinate system field codes 473 coordinate system groups 417
56 6
Index coordinate systems (and zones) 39 .csd file, using 419 adding 411, 417 changing 28, 40, 45 changing automatically 53 creating 410, 411 default for projects 28 defined 54 defining 411, 417 duplicating 417 editing 411, 417 from .dc files 40 imported .dc file different to project 112 predefined 410 recently-used, selecting 50 saving as sites 58 Scale factor-only 54 selecting 28, 40, 43, 45, 47, 411 selecting from the .csd file 45 selecting geoid models for 44 selecting sites 51 using datum grids 89 viewing 28 viewing details 44, 48 coordinate systems, published 226 coordinate systems, viewing details 239 coordinates adding points manually by 338 and observations used for points 178 entering for project location 60 entering into the Trimble Geomatics Office software 182 entering, using Properties window 182 meaning and multiple observations, recomputation 504 methods used to measure 116 qualities 116 seeding, recomputation 495 status (enabled/disabled), recomputation 489 coordinates, keyed-in 485 more than one set for a point, recomputation 489 quality, recomputation 488 recomputation 484, 509 coordinates, multiple and observations, recomputation 502 copied, method of measuring coordinates 116 copying Also see cutting, or copying, and pasting projects 35 correction planes, for control point pairs 228 corrections sea level 54 creating .cdg files 89 .ddf files 98 .fcl files 316 annotation styles 336 annotation templates 332, 426, 431 attributes 426 CAD styles 327, 331 control codes 427, 442 coordinate systems 410, 411 custom report formats 391 custom reports 391 datum transformations 411 export formats 477 feature and attribute libraries, example 426 feature codes 427 feature codes with attributes 434 GPS site calibration 51, 58 layers 324, 326 line styles 423, 431 point styles 423, 426, 427
567
Index point styles, example 327 projects 24, 36 selection sets, on import 125 symbols 420, 421, 423 symbols, example 421 templates 36, 37 creating reports 358 Current.csd. See coordinate system database curves Also see entities adding 350 viewing properties of 351 custom format definitions items in dialogs 475 custom formats 470 ASCII data files, importing 68 body 474 footer 474 header 474 overview 474 custom reports 359 creating 391 creating for points with attributes 391 creating formats 391 running 391 selecting points to report 391, 395 cutting, or copying, and pasting entities 355 points with attributes 389 organizing. See layers tools for analysis 214 data collector, exporting survey data to 367 Data Dictionary (*.ddf) files 385 collecting attributes 383, 385 creating 98 exporting to Trimble Survey Controller software 385 for projects with attributes 31 line features 385 setting up projects for attributes 381, 385, 444 transferring 98 version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to 78 Data Dictionary Editor software 378, 381, 385 creating .ddf files 98 data files importing 338 Data Transfer utility. See Trimble Data Transfer utility data, postprocessed kinematic 126 Also see GPS Data (*.dat) files data, static 126 data, survey exporting to a file or data collector 367 database coordinate system 40, 41, 45 tables 382 date, attributes 439 Datum Grid (*.cdg) files Also see Combined Datum Grid (*.cdg) files Datum Grid (*.dgf) files creating 467 datum grids importing .dc files, wrong for .cdg file 113
D
dashes between point names 155 data adding to database, recomputation 484 checking 140 displaying in zoom navigator 13 editing, recomputation 484
56 8
Index using in a coordinate system 89 using in the field in coordinate system definition 89 Datum Transformation Parameters section, Calibration Report 236 datum transformations adding 411, 414 computing 226 computing, how to 226 creating 411 editing 411 predefined 226 DC File Editor utility. See <DefaultParaFont>Trimble DC File Editor utility default .fcl files 423, 424, 427, 436 coordinate system selected for projects 28 elevations 53 geoid models 49 layer 322 projections. See default Transverse Mercator projection default elevation recomputation 513 default Transverse Mercator projection 40, 45, 55 creating projects 54 defining 56 importing .dat files, undefined 125 importing .dc files, undefined 113 selecting geoid models 44 undefined 53 defining annotations 331 attributes 378 coordinate systems 411, 417 line styles 420 deleted class, points 115 deleting annotation templates 335 attributes 389 CAD styles 327 CAD styles, how to 330 layers 326 projects 34 projects, retrieving 35 delta elevation 343 descriptions, for points adding 341 Design Points As Staked report 361 devices 401 deleting 409 managing 409 setting up for Trimble Data Transfer 402 transferring data to 401 types for the Data Transfer utility 402 viewing properties of 409 dialogs, appearing when importing 69 digital level files, importing 131 digital levels, supported by the software 131 Digital Terrain Model (*.dtx) files transferring 99 distance adding points by 341 units to use 342 distance recomputations 33 drag-and-drop importing .dat files from computer to project 122 importing .dc files from computer to project 109 importing files to a project 64 drawing palette 421 size 421 symbols 421 tools 421
569
Index DTM points version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to 78 duplicate points. See points, duplicate duplicating records 411, 412 Dynamically Linked Library (*.dll) files 68 editing antenna heights 211 elevation delta 343 elevations 224 determining for GPS points 42 null 50 specifying default for projects 53 elevations, default. See default elevation Ellipse Controls toolbar 18 ellipses between point names 155 ellipsoid heights 42, 43 ellipsoid records editing 411 ellipsoid, WGS-84 86 ellipsoids adding 411, 413 creating 412 editing 411 entering project location coordinates 60 entities adding 338 adding using feature code processing 319 adding, selecting layers 322 assigning CAD styles 327 changing styles of 19 cutting, or copying, and pasting 355 deselecting 152 editing CAD-related properties 213 editing multiple, selection method for 151 editing survey-related properties 211 hiding, in layers 325 multiple, editing 209 viewing 173 entities, how displayed 322 entities, linework viewing 219
E
easting and northing used in calibration computation 231 editing .dc files 444 .fcl files 425 annotation templates 335 antenna heights 212 CAD styles 327, 330 CAD-related properties of entities 213 coordinate systems 411, 417 data, recomputation 484 datum transformations 411 ellipsoid records 411 ellipsoids 411 geoid models 411 layers 325 Locked property of layers 14 multiple entities 209 multiple entities, selection method for 151 point details 176 point details, survey 177 site definitions 411 survey data 206 survey-related properties of an entity 211 symbols and line types 420 view filters 14 Visible property of layers 14
57 0
Index entities, selected exporting 367 entities, selecting 140 entities, selecting all 152 entities, selecting, in layers 324 entities, selecting, in specified layers 164 entities, selecting, in the Plan view 163 entities, selecting, methods 151 entities, selecting, using queries 166 entities, selecting, with the mouse 152 Error Estimate page, for points 178, 187 error flags 15 error messages importing .dat files 125 importing .dc files 112, 113 errors in data, viewing 202 reported in system-generated reports 32 Errors and Warning section, Recompute Report 515 errors, estimated 178 event marker, color of 150 events data viewing details 175 exiting, the Trimble Geomatics Office software 22 exploding merged points 127 Export folder 445 export formats 366 Also see custom formats creating 477 GIS 397 exporting .ddf files to Trimble Survey Controller software 385 .fcl files to survey controller 383 AutoCAD files 366 data to ASCII and CAD formats 367 NGS Bluebook files 372 points and attributes to GIS formats 367 project database 367 selected entities 367 survey data to a file or data collector 367 to data in a custom ASCII format 367 to third party software formats 365
F
false northings and eastings 57 updated 54 FastStatic baselines direction of 207 FastStatic baselines, viewing details 191 FCpro.htm. See feature code-processing report Feature and Attribute Editor utility. See Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor utility feature and attribute libraries 378 changing 382 creating 316 creating, example 426 default 423, 424, 427, 436 defining CAD styles 327 exporting to survey controller 383 for collecting feature codes and attributes 96 for processing feature codes 314, 315, 316 for projects with attributes 31 from TRIMMAP 315 importing .dc files, different to project 113 in the field 382 processing 423
571
Index processing feature codes 427 projects, setting up for attributes 425 saving 427, 443 selecting 381, 382 transferring to Trimble Survey Controller software 96, 314, 315, 383, 443 using in Trimble Geomatics Office software 443 Feature and Attribute Library (*.fcl) files Also see feature and attribute libraries version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to 78 feature code processing 316, 425, 443, 444 .fcl files 314, 315, 427 adding annotation templates 431 assigning styles to points and lines 425 automatically 30 by selection 319 feature and attribute libraries 316 layers, selecting 322 selection method for 151 selection set 316, 317 undoing 318 feature code-processing report (FCpro.html) 319 choosing the way you are notified 319 locating and opening 320 feature codes 385, 425, 426, 427 adding layers 326 adding to points 340 attributes 425 collecting in the field 314 collecting, .fcl files 96 creating 427, 434 descriptions of 434 entering in the Properties window 314, 315 layers for 437 procedures for points 425 processing 316 processing automatically 30 processing. See feature code processing feature codes with attributes using new in a project 389 features 385 lines, in .ddf files 385 points 385 setting up projects for 30 field codes accessing 470 adding 476 context 471 coordinate system 473 elements of syntax 470 in annotation templates 331 modifiers 472 name 471 options 472 overview 470 project 473 field codes, system 473 field fill-in, how to use 339 files AutoCAD 366 AutoCAD, exporting 366 Background Map 150 digital level, importing 131 Dynamically Linked Library (*.dll). See Dynamically Linked Library (*.ddl) files exporting survey data to 367 Geoid Grid (*.ggf). See Geoid Grid (*.ggf) files importing to a project more than once 70 importing to a project, example 75
57 2
Index Latitude Grid (*.cdg). See Latitude Grid (*.dgf) files Linetype.ltp 327 Longitude Grid (*.dgf). See Longitude Grid (*.dgf) files Meterological 129 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Data Sheet. See National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Data Sheet files Navigation Message 129 NGS Bluebook 372 Observation Data 129 RINEX. See RINEX files RINEX. See Trimble Convert to RINEX utility 455 Survey Controller (*.dc). See Survey Controller (*.dc) files Symbols.dxf 371 Symbols.sym 327, 371 transferring to the Trimble Survey Controller software 78, 79 transferring to the Trimble Survey Controller software, how to 79 TRIMMAP graphics 366 World 150 files, ASCII data custom formats, importing 68 importing 64 files, project stored in specified folder 25 files, rotation of 150 filters, view 143 Flag icon, in status bar 14 flagged observations color of 149 flags colors of 14 error 15 suppressing 14 flags, warning 202 floating annotations 334 folder structure 7 folders Checkin 37, 445 Export 445 for projects 445 Reports 32, 317, 320 format of .dc file to be created 80 formats export 366 RINEX file 129 selecting 29 formats, custom Also see custom formats body 474 footer 474 header 474 FTP site xvii, xxi
G
geographic information system (GIS) export formats 397 formats, exporting points and attributes to 367 Geoid Grid (*.ggf) files 42, 83 creating 467 importing .dc files, wrong geoid model for 113 size of file to be created 85 transferring to Trimble Survey Controller software 83, 88 version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to 78 geoid indicator, Properties window 180 Geoid Model Definition section, Calibration Report 237 geoid models 40, 42
573
Index adding 411 area defined by 85 changing 44 changing for sites 52 choosing default for a coordinate system 419 converting between heights and elevations 43 default 49 determining elevation for GPS points 42 editing 411 for a default Transverse Mercator projection 44 for coordinate systems 44 importing .dc files, wrong .ggf file 113 selecting 43 subgridding 83 using as part of the coordinate system definition in the field 83 viewing properties 49, 58 geoid models, quality 34 geoid separations 86 viewing 42 geoid-ellipsoid separations. See geoid separations geomatics, definition 2 GPS Baseline Processing Report 17 GPS baselines calculated positions for 33 direction of, recomputation 495 multiple 33 selecting by baseline precision 160 GPS Data (*.dat) files importing from the Trimble Survey Controller software 118 importing from your computer 122 GPS Data (*.dat) files, importing 118 drag-and-drop 122 from a GPS receiver 119 messages and dialogs 125 points with duplicate names 127 GPS loop closures 205 GPS observations determining positions for, recomputation 494 disabling 192 pages in Properties window for using for a recomputation 206 using in a network adjustment 192 viewing details 175, 191, 192 GPS occupations 178 viewing details 193 GPS points 229 determining elevation using a geoid model 42 GPS positions collecting 426 GPS receiver device Also see devices setting up 405 GPS receiver. See Trimble GPS receiver GPS site calibration, recomputation 512 GPS site calibrations 42, 43, 58, 224, 232 analyzing parameters 232 applying 239 computation summary 233 computation summary parameters 233 computing parameters 232 creating 51, 58 example 240 finding problem point pairs 234 performing 58 point pairs, errors 234 report 235 selecting calibration components 224 using in future projects 239 using saved 239
57 4
Index GPS site calibrations, parameters analyzing 233 GPS Solution (APC) page, for points 178 GPS vectors. See GPS baselines GPS WAAS, method of measuring coordinates 116 graphics window 1014 color of 149 Grid Factory utility. See Trimble Grid Factory utility 467 grid lines viewing 147 grid points 229 ground scale factor, setting 61 horizontal control points color of 150 horizontal residual, maximum 233 HTML viewer 358 hyphens in point names 155
I
icons, in the status bar 14 import formats See custom formats import reports 73, 136 Messages section 137 parts of 136 Project Details section 137 Recompute Report 137 Import.html. See imported files report imported files reports 73, 136 importing .dc files 52 .dc files containing attributes 384 ASCII data files 64 attributes, with .dc files 381 control points 64 data files 338 data files, selection sets 169 digital level files 131 files to a project 66 files to a project, drag-and-drop 64 files to a project, more than once 70 files to a project, Pacsoft example 75 messages and dialogs that may appear 69 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Data Sheet files quality of points 67 selection sets created 70 importing, .dat files 118 drag-and-drop 122
H
heights, ellipsoid 42, 43 heights, WGS-84 224 Help 6 printing topics 6 utilities 400 Help, context-sensitive xvi, xx Hidden Layers icon, in the status bar 14 High reference variance (GPS Post Processing), warning message 205 High RMS (GPS Post Processing), warning message 205 HighRMS (RTK), warning message 204 horizontal adjustment computing 227 including 228 scale factor 233 Horizontal Adjustment Parameters section, Calibration Report 237 horizontal adjustments, GPS site calibration 51 horizontal components, quality for recomputation 509
575
Index error messages 125 from a GPS receiver 119 from the Trimble Survey Controller software 118 from your computer 122 messages and dialogs 125 points with duplicate names 127 undefined default Transverse Mercator projection 125 importing, .dc files different coordinate systems 112 different feature and attribute libraries 113 error messages 112, 113 from computer to project 110 from computer to project, drag-anddrop 109 from the Trimble Survey Controller software 106 into the Trimble Geomatics Office software 106 messages and dialogs that appear 112 undefined default Transverse Mercator projection 113 wrong .cdg file for datum grid 113 wrong geoid model for .ggf file 113 installing Trimble Grid Factory utility, how to 467 inverse, between two points displaying 214 Inverse.html report 216 iteration count, changing 233 kinematic baselines, postprocessed viewing details 191
L
L1 Code, method of measuring coordinates 116 labels and annotations 143 field codes 470 for points 142 laser rangefinder observations color of 149 details of 197 disabling 198 recomputations 496 status of 198 values 198 viewing details of 175, 191 Latitude Grid (*.dgf) files 89 Layer Selection tool 322 layer, default 322 layers 322 adding in annotation templates 326 adding in feature codes 326 creating 324, 326 deleting 326 editing 325 editing Locked property of 14 editing visible property of 14 hiding entities 325 locking 325 managing 323 selecting 322 selecting all entities in 164 selecting entities in 324 specifying for annotation templates 432 specifying for annotations 334 layers, for feature codes 437
K
keyed-in control, method of measuring coordinates 116 keyed-in normal, method of measuring coordinates 116
57 6
Index least squares method 227, 228 level observations viewing details 175, 191 Level report 362 line features in .ddf files 385 line styles 426, 427 Also see CAD styles assigning to lines, arcs, curves 425 creating 423, 431 defining 420 line types 420, 423 editing 420 line types, predefined 427 lines Also see entities Also see linework adding 345 adding using feature code processing 319 how displayed 442 viewing properties of 347 Linetype.ltp files 327 Linetype.ltp See feature and attribute libraries, default linework Also see arcs Also see curves Also see lines adding between points 345 adding for observations 347 viewing properties of 346 Locked Layers icon, in the status bar 14 Longitude Grid (*.dgf) files 89 Loop Closure Report loop closures, GPS. See GPS loop closures Low ratio (GPS Post Processing), warning message 205
M
MapInfo (*.mif/*.mid) files 397 MapInfo, export format 368 mapping quality recomputation 179, 490 marker, event, color of 150 maximum error, changing 233 mean sea level 42 meaning position of sideshot points, rules 504 menu, attributes 439 menus shortcut 21 merging duplicate points, warning flags 72 messages received on import 69 warning 53, 204, 384 Messages section, import reports 137 Meterological file 129 Microstation (*.dgn) files 397 Microstation, export format 368 misclosure warning message, viewing 178 misclosures 14, 15 mouse pointers. See pointers, shapes 22 moving points, recomputation 512 multiple GPS baselines 33 observations 33 Multiple failures (GPS Post Processing), warning message 205 multiple sideshot observations, recomputations 33
577
Index
N
name field codes 471 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) Data Sheet files, importing 130 Navigation Message file 129 Network Adjustment module 18 opening a project created with 26 Network Adjustment Report 18 network adjustment styles 18 network-adjusted points color of 150 New Project shortcut, in the project bar 24 New Project tool 24 NGS antenna models 468 NGS Bluebook Export, format 368 NGS Bluebook files 372 normal class, points 115 northing and easting used in calibration computation 231 note records viewing 218 null elevations 50 numeric, attributes 439
O
Observation Data file 129 Observation page for conventional observations 195, 197, 200 for GPS observations 193 for laser rangefinder observations 198 for reduced observations 201 Observation Statistics page for GPS observations 193, 195 observations Also see conventional observations Also see GPS observations
57 8
Also see laser rangefinder observations Also see reduced observations adding linework for 347 and coordinates used for points 178 changing status 206 disabling 195, 197 enabled as a check, color of 149 misclosures 14, 15 multiple 33 multiple sideshot, recomputations 33 quality 117 recomputation 484, 509 selecting 158 selecting from or to a specified point 159 viewing details 175 viewing details of 191 observations, azimuth. See azimuth observations observations, multiple and coordinates, recomputation 502 and meaning coordinates, recomputation 504 to sideshot points, recomputation 503 observations, raw GPS processing 17 Occupations and Setups pages, for points 178 occupations, GPS 178 viewing details 193 online Help xvi, xx Open Project shortcut, in the project bar 26 Open Project tool 26 opening projects, how to 26 Properties window 173 Summary page in Properties window 180 system-generated reports 320
Index templates 38 utilities 400 options field codes 472 origin updating default Transverse Mercator projection 227 Out-of-Tolerance Closure (recomputation), warning message 204 Out-of-Tolerance Observation (recomputation), warning message 204 Point Derivation Report, example 181 Point Derivations section, Recompute Report 516 point features 385 point pairs, calibration 229 errors 234 finding problem pairs 234 problem with 233 selecting 229, 230 three-dimensional 228, 231 Point Residuals, Calibration Report 238 point styles 426, 427 Also see CAD styles assigning to points 420, 425 creating 423, 426, 427 creating, example 327 defining settings for 428 selecting 437 point styles, size 429 point symbols 327, 420 pointers, shapes 22 points Also see entities Also see recomputation #, wildcard 165 *, wildcard 165 ?, wildcard 165 adding 338 adding by azimuth and distance 341 adding descriptions for 341 adding feature codes to 340 adding using feature code processing 319 adding, manually by coordinates 338 alphanumeric names 155 arcs between, adding 348 assigning qualities to 126 backsight class 115 CAD properties, adding to 340 calculated positions for 33
P
Pacsoft export format 369 Pacsoft files importing to a project, example 75 pages, Properties window. See Properties window Pan mode, pointer 22 Pan tool 141 parameters, calibration analyzing 232, 233 computation summary 233 computing 232 for vertical adjustment 228 parameters, vertical shift 228 pasting. See cutting, or copying, and pasting PC cards, Trimble Survey Controller 401 Plan view 10, 19 selecting entities 163 using 321 plane adjustment, inclined 228 plane transformations 227 planes, correction for control point pairs 228 plot scale, specified 329 Point Derivation Report generating 180 viewing 180
579
Index calculating position 505 check class 115 classes, Trimble Survey Controller software 114 color of 149 commas between names 155 control class 115 control codes for 442 coordinates, methods used to measure 116 dashes between names 155 deleted class 115 details of, Properties window 176 details, survey 177 determining quality of, recomputation 510 displaying inverse between two 214 ellipses between names 155 entering coordinates for using Properties window 182 entering coordinates into the Trimble Geomatics Office software 182 entering traverses 343 exploding merged 127 exporting to GIS formats 367 how displayed 442 hyphens in names 155 labels for 142 lines between, adding 345 linework between, adding 345 managing attributes for 189 more than one set of keyed-in coordinates, recomputation 489 moving, recomputation 512 normal class 115 pages in Properties window for 178 procedures for feature codes 425 quality of coordinates 116 quality, selecting for import 67 selecting 153 selecting by antenna height 157 selecting by GPS quality 156 selecting by name 154 selecting by name, rules for 155 selecting by name, wildcards 165 stake class 115 stakeout information 187 stakeout information, viewing 186 viewing CAD details 188 viewing details of 175 viewing details, selection method for 151 viewing observations and coordinates used for 178 viewing qualities 178 Points Report 359 points with attributes adding to projects 382 creating custom reports for 391 cutting, or copying, and pasting 389 points, calculating position, determining criteria for 489 points, calibration selecting 163 points, duplicate managing 117 merging 73 merging, warning flags 72 renaming 72, 189 selecting 161 selection method for 151 points, GPS 229 determining elevation using a geoid model 42 points, grid 229 points, network adjusted color of 150 points, sideshot multiple observations to, recomputation 503
58 0
Index rules for meaning position of, recomputation 504 points, staked selecting 162 points, starting. See starting points points, traverse recomputations 508 points, WGS-84 relationship with grid points 224 positions calculated for GPS baselines or points 33 GPS, collecting 426 Postprocessed Kinematic (PPK) vectors color of 149 postprocessed kinematic data Also see GPS Data (*.dat) files importing 126 PPK Continuous vectors color of 149 processing raw GPS observations 17 processing feature codes. See feature code processing project properties of 27 project bar 12 Also see zoom navigator 12 groups 12 New Project shortcut 24 Open Project shortcut 26 opening a project 26 parts of 12 shortcuts 12 showing or hiding 13 utilities, opening 400 project bar, creating a project 24 project databases exporting 367 Project Details section, Calibration Report 236 Project Details section, import reports 137 Project Details section, Recompute Report 515 project field codes 473 project files in specified folder 25 projection parameters calculated 57 projections default. See default Transverse Mercator projection projects 24 adding attributes 381 adding points with attributes 382 changing .fcl files 424 changing coordinate systems 28 changing properties 27 color settings 148 coordinate systems for 39 copying 35 creating 24, 36 default coordinate system for 28 default elevation, recomputation 513 defining CAD styles 327 deleting 34 entering location coordinates 60 geoid models for 40 importing files to 66 importing files to, using drag-anddrop 64 opening, how to 26 retrieving deleted 35 selecting a template for 36 selecting coordinate systems 43 selecting unit values and format 29 setting up 23 setting up for attributes 381, 388, 425, 427, 443
581
Index setting up for attributes, .ddf files 381, 385 setting up for attributes, how to 31 setting up for features 30 templates 40 using new feature codes with attributes in a project 389 viewing, coordinate systems 28 projects, background colour of 429 projects, folders 445 projects, templates 36 properties coordinate system, viewing 48 viewing geoid model 49 Properties window 172, 386 assigning styles to points and lines 425 azimuth observations 199 entering coordinates 182 entering feature codes 314, 315 geoid indicator 180 layers, selecting 322 opening 173 opening Summary page 180 pages 175 pages for conventional observations in 194, 197 pages for GPS observations in 192 pages for points in 178 parts of 173 point descriptions, viewing 436 point details 176 point details, survey 177 Stakeout page 187 properties, attributes 441
Q
qualities assigning to points 126 for points, viewing 178 observations 117 quality geoid models 34 hierarchy table, recomputation 492 hierarchy, recomputation 490 keyed-in coordinate, recomputation 488 keyed-in coordinates and observations, recomputation 509 of component (NE,e,h), recomputation 489 of coordinates 116 of observed points, determining 510 of points for importing 67 selecting points by 156 queries selecting entities 166 QuickPlan. See Trimble QuickPlan
R
Real Time Kinematic (RTK) base position recomputation 511 recomputations adjusted quality 179, 490 calculating position of points 505 control quality 179, 490 criteria for determining calculated position 489 default elevation 513 determining calculated positions for points 485 determining observations to be used. 206
58 2
Index determining positions for GPS observations 494 determining quality of observed points 510 direction of GPS baselines 495 example 500 fixed control quality 179 flowchart 485 GPS site calibration 512 horizontal and vertical component qualities 509 keyed in coordinates and observations 509 keyed-in coordinates and observations, quality 509 keyed-in coordinates, quality 488 mapping quality 179, 490 meaning position of sideshot points 504 more than one set of keyed-in coordinates 489 moving points 512 multiple observations and coordinates 502 multiple observations and meaning coordinates 504 multiple observations to sideshot points 503 multiple sideshot observations 33 performing 14, 207, 484 potential starting points, determining 487 potential starting points, position and quality of 488 quality hierarchy 490 quality hierarchy table 492 quality of component 489 reversing GPS baselines 208 RTK base positions 511 seeding coordinates 495 settings 32 status of coordinates 489 survey quality 179, 490 tolerance distance 505 traverse points 508 unknown quality 179, 490 warning flags 513 recomputations, distance 33 Recompute icon, in the status bar 14 Recompute Report 206, 484, 513 Errors and Warnings section 515 import reports 137 parts of 514 Point Derivations section 516 Project Details section 515 Traverse Report section 519 Recompute Report, Survey Data section 520 recomputing overview 484 records duplicating 411, 412 user-defined 416, 419 reduced observations 191 viewing details of 175, 200 release notes xvii, xxi renaming duplicate points report formats Also see custom reports reports Also see custom reports Also see Point Derivation Report Also see system-generated report additional 359 creating 358 Design Points /= As Staked report 361 header 358 header, changing information 27 import 73, 136
583
Index imported files 73, 136 Inverse.html 216 Level report 362 links in 363 Loop Closure. See Loop Closure Report modifying 359 point derivation details following warning message 203 Points 359 Stakeout report 360 Reports folder 32, 317, 320 Residual Differences Between GPS And Known Coordinates section, Calibration Report 238 residuals maximum horizontal 233 maximum vertical 233 RINEX file format 129 RINEX files 129 Also see Trimble Convert to RINEX utility 458 importing 129 RMS, high warning message, viewing 178 rotation of symbols 329 rotation of files 150 rotations 227 Rover Occupation page, for GPS observations 193 RTK Continuous vectors color of 149 RTK GPS baselines color of 149 direction of 207 viewing details 191
S
saving .fcl files 427, 443 a template 38 selection sets 168 symbols, new 422 scale factor 57, 227 horizontal adjustment 233 Scale factor only, coordinate system 54 importing a .dc file 54 scale factor, ground 61 scale, plot 329 SDMS, export format 369 SDR files, export format 369 SDRMap coordinates, export format 369 sea level elevations 224 sea level corrections 54 changing for terrestrial data 33 sea level, mean 42 seeding coordinates, recomputation 495 selected entities color of 149 selecting .fcl files 381, 382 a template for a project 36 calibration components 224 calibration point pairs 229, 230 calibration points 163 coordinate systems 28, 40, 43, 45, 411 coordinate systems and zones 47 coordinate systems from the .csd file 45 coordinate systems in .dc files 52 duplicate points 161 entities 140 entities in specified layers 164 entities using queries 166 entities with the mouse 152
58 4
Index entities, all 152 entities, in layers 324 entities, in the Plan view 163 entities, methods 151 flagged observations 14 geoid model 43 GPS observations by baseline precision 160 layer 322 observations 158 observations, from or to a specified point 159 point styles 437 points 153 points by antenna height 157 points by GPS quality 156 points by name 154 points by name, rules for 155 points to report 391, 395 recently-used coordinate systems 50 sites 51 sites as coordinate systems 51 staked points 162 symbols 428 unit values and format 29 using wildcards to select multiple point names 165 selection methods 140 selection set feature code processing 316, 317 selection sets 168 created on import 70, 125 importing data files 169 saved, retrieving 169 saving 168 viewing 114, 125 separations, geoid 86 separators, between attributes 439 sets, selection. See selection sets setting up projects 23 projects for attributes 381, 388 projects for attributes, .ddf files 385 projects for features 30 settings recomputations 32 shortcut menus 21 shortcuts, in project bar New Project 24 Open Project 26 site calibrations, GPS. See GPS site calibrations site definitions adding 411 editing 411 sites changing geoid model 44 details, viewing 52 saving coordinate systems as 58 selecting 51 selecting as coordinate systems 51 Sokkia SDR data collectors viewing and editing files of 444 stake class, points 115 Stakeout report 360 STAR*NET 2D control points, export formats 369 STAR*NET 3D control points, export formats 369 STAR*NET observations, export formats 369 starting points potential, determining for recomputations potential, position and quality of 488 starting, Trimble Geomatics Office software 10 Static baselines direction of 207
585
Index static baselines viewing details 191 static data 126 stations color of 149 status (enabled/disabled) of coordinates, recomputation 489 status bar 14 icons in 14 styles, CAD. See CAD styles subgridding .ggf files 83 Summary page, Properties window for conventional observations 195, 197 for GPS observations 192 for laser rangefinder observations 198 for points 178 for reduced observations 200, 201 opening 180 WGS-84 points 179 Summary, Calibration Report 238 Survey Controller (*.dc) files 45, 106, 444 avoiding errors by transferring 80 containing attributes, importing 384 coordinate systems 40 editing 444 formatting of files to be created 80 importing 52 importing attributes 381 importing with a Scale factor-only coordinate system 54 locating 445 selecting coordinate systems from 52 setting up project for attributes 444 transferring to projects 314, 316 version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to 78 viewing 444 Survey Controller (*.dc) files, importing from computer to project 110 from computer to project, drag-anddrop 109 from the Trimble Survey Controller software 106 into the Trimble Geomatics Office software 106 messages and dialogs that appear 112 survey data editing 206 source types 185 viewing 146, 175 Survey Data Management System See SDMS Survey Data section, Recompute Report 520 survey quality recomputation 179, 490 Survey view 10, 15 on opening a project 26 symbol files 422 as system library files 422, 423 symbols 423 adding to .sym file 437 blocks for 371 color of 329, 429 creating 420, 421, 423 creating, example 421 drawing 421 editing 420 orientation of 329, 430 saving new 422 selecting 428 size 429 size of 329 symbols, point. See point symbols symbols, predefined 427 Symbols.dxf files 371 Symbols.sym. See feature and attribute libraries, default
58 6
Index system field codes 473 system library files symbol files 422, 423 system-generated reports <filename>.html 384 Calibration 235 Calibration, sections of 235 choosing how you are notified of 31 choosing the way you are notified 319 feature code-processing report (FCpro.html) 317, 319 GPS Baseline Processing Report 17 informing of errors 32 locating and opening 320 Network Adjustment 18 collecting 426 terrestrial setup, from or to the point 178 text Also see entities adding to a project 352 in project, orientation of 353 viewing properties of 354 text styles Also see CAD styles selecting for annotations 333 text, associated with entities. See annotations text, attributes 439 text, color of 149 text, entity viewing details 220 time, attributes 439 Timeline window 17 tolerance checking 33 tolerance distance, recomputation 505 tolerance values 33 toolbars Ellipse Controls 18 tools Arc 421 drawing 421 for data analysis 214 Layer Selection 322 Line 421 New Project 24 Open Project 26 zoom 13, 85, 141 ToolTips 21 TPLANE, export format 369 transferring .cdg files 89 .dc files to projects 314, 316 .dc files, avoiding errors by 80 .ddf files 98 .dtx files 99
T
tables in the database 382 Target Setup page, for conventional observations 195 templates annotation. See annotation templates creating 36, 37 for a project 36, 40 opening 38 project, defining CAD styles 327 saving 38 selecting for a project 36 templates, for a project 24 TERRAMODEL, export format 369 terrestrial data changing sea level correction for 33 terrestrial observations color of 149 using for a recomputation 206 terrestrial positions
587
Index .fcl files to Trimble Survey Controller software 96, 314, 383, 443 .ggf files 83 Antenna files 101 data to devices 401 files to the Trimble Survey Controller software 78 Survey Controller (*.dc) files 80 transferring files to the Trimble Survey Controller software 79 to the Trimble Survey Controller software, how to 79 transformations, plane 227 translations 227 Transverse Mercator projection, default 40, 45, 55, 226 creating projects 54 defining 56 selecting geoid models 44 undefined 53 updating origin 227 traverse points more than one observation, recomputation 508 Traverse Report section Recompute Report 519 traverses entering for a point 343 Trimble Convert to RINEX utility Configuration dialog 457 configuring antenna information 459 controls 463 header information 461 output files 458 the RINEX conversion 457 creating conversion file 464 defining header fields 461 editing antenna information 460 files creating conversion 464 input 456 output 455, 458 types 455 Header Field Override dialog 462 selecting folders and files 456 input files 456 output folder 457 Trimble Coordinate System Manager utility .csd 411 coordinate system groups 417 coordinate systems 411 adding 417 adding to .csd file 417 creating 411 duplicating 417 editing 417 datum transformations adding 414 creating 411 ellipsoids adding 413 creating 412 geoid models for coordinate systems, choosing 419 records duplicating 411 records, ellipsoid editing 411 records, user-defined 416, 419 viewing .csd 41 Trimble Data Exchange Format 369 Trimble Data Transfer devices deleting 409 managing 409 viewing properties of 409 GPS receiver device setting up 405
58 8
Index setting up devices 402 transferring data to devices 401 Trimble Survey Controller device setting up 403 types of devices 402 Trimble Data Transfer utility 401 Trimble DC File Editor utility 444 .dc files 444 editing 444 locating 445 viewing 444, 445 Sokkia SDR data collectors, viewing and editing files of 444 Trimble DC File Editor window 445 Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor utility 425 Annotation Template-Properties Dialog 432 annotation templates 426 creating 336, 426, 431 for lines and arcs 434 for points example 431 from feature code processing 431 predefined 431 specifying layers for 432 viewing, how to 431 annotations, position of 433 attributes creating 426 defining sets to collect 438 attributes, properties 441 attributes, types of 439 CAD styles creating 331 color settings 429 control codes 426 assigning to points 442 creating 427, 442 feature and attribute libraries creating, example 426 editing 425 processing 423 saving 427, 443 transferring to Trimble Survey Controller software 443 viewing 425 feature code processing, .fcl files 427 Feature Code Properties dialog, Attributes tab 440 feature codes 426, 427 creating 427, 434 descriptions of 434 layers for 437 layers creating 326 line styles 426, 427 creating 423, 431 line types, predefined 427 point descriptions, viewing 436 point styles 426, 427 creating 423, 426, 427 defining settings for 428 selecting 437 point styles, size 429 projects, setting up for attributes 427 separators, between attributes 439 symbol files, as system library files 422, 423 symbols adding to .sym file 437 creating 423 selecting 428 symbols, orientation of 430 symbols, predefined 427 symbols, size 429 Trimble Geomatics Office software, linking 426 using, example 426
589
Index when and why to use 425 Trimble GDM, export format 368 Trimble Geomatics Office software exiting 22 folder structure 7 getting started 6 key features 2 overview 2 starting 10 using 3 workflow 4 Trimble Geomatics Office window 1014 Also see project bar 12 Also see status bar 14 Also see zoom navigator 13 Trimble GPS receiver 401 importing .dat files from 119 Trimble Grid Factory utility .ggf, creating 467 installing, how to 467 viewing geoid separations 42 Trimble Line Type Editor utility 420 line styles, defining 420 line types 420 editing 420 projects, changing .fcl files 424 Trimble Pathfinder Office software 98 Trimble QuickPlan almanac, current ephemeris file 447 creating sessions and defining points 448 defining a point 450 defining the session 449 displaying graphs 454 exiting 455 setting Auto Time parameters 452 viewing reports 453 viewing the Status Window 451 when and why use 446 Trimble Survey Controller (*.dc) files transferring 80 Trimble Survey Controller device Also see devices setting up 403 Trimble Survey Controller software collecting attributes 383 exporting .ddf files 385 exporting .fcl files to 383 importing .dc files from 106 PC card 401 transferring .fcl files 383 transferring .fcl files to 96, 315 transferring Antenna files to 101 transferring files to 78 transferring Geoid Grid (*.ggf) files to 88 versions to transfer files to 78 Trimble Symbol Editor utility 420 drawing size 421 tools 421 drawing palette 421 point styles assigning to points 420 point symbols 420 projects, changing libraries 424 symbol file 422 symbols creating 420, 421 creating, example 421 drawing 421 editing 420 saving new 422 tools Arc 421 Line 421 TRIMMAP .fcl files 315 TRIMMAP files 366 TRIMMAP, export format 369
59 0
Index
U
UK National Grid version of Trimble Survey Controller software to transfer to 78 undefined default Transverse Mercator projection 53 unit values selecting 29 units of measurement for distance 342 unknown quality recomputation 179, 490 Updated Default Projection (Transverse Mercator) Definition section, Calibration Report 236 Utilities QuickPlan 446 utilities 400 A1 Viewer. See Trimble A1 Viewer utility 465 Convert to RINEX. See Trimble Convert to RINEX utility 455 Coordinate System Manager. See Trimble Coordinate System Manager Data Transfer. See Trimble Data Transfer utility DC File Editor. See <DefaultParaFont>Trimble DC File Editor utility Feature and Attribute Editor. See Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor Feature and Attribute Editor. See Trimble Feature and Attribute Editor utility Grid Factory. See Trimble Grid Factory utility 467 utilities, Help 400 utilities, opening 400
V
values laser rangefinder observations 198 tolerance 33 vectors, GPS. See GPS baselines vertical adjustment computing 228 including 228 maximum inclination 233 parameters for 228 Vertical Adjustment Parameters section, Calibration Report 237 vertical adjustment, GPS site calibration 51 vertical components, quality for recomputation 509 vertical control point color of 150 vertical residual, maximum 233 vertical shift parameters 228 view annotation details 222 properties of text 354 view filters 143 changing 145 editing 14 View Filters icon, in the status bar 14 viewing .csd 41 .dc files 444, 445 .fcl files 425 annotation templates, how to 332, 431 attributes 386 CAD details of a point 188 CAD styles 331 coordinate system details 44, 48, 239 coordinate systems 28 entities 173 erroneous data 202
591
Index geoid model properties 49, 58 geoid separations 42 GPS observation details 192 grid lines 147 linework entities 219 note records 218 observations 14 observations and coordinates used for points 178 observations, details 175, 191 Point Derivation Report 180 point descriptions 436 point details 175, 176 point details, survey 177 point qualities 178 points 14 reduced observation details selection sets 114, 125 selection sets created on import 70 site details 52 survey data 146, 175 text entity details 220 warning messages 178, 202 viewing, properties of lines 347 viewing, properties of annotations 355 arcs 350 curves 351 linework 346 views Plan 10, 19 Survey 10, 15 switching between Plan and Survey 10 warning messages 53, 204, 384 viewing 178, 192, 200, 202 Warning page, for GPS observations 192, 200 Warning page, for points 178 WAVE Baseline Processing module 17 opening a project created with 26 WAVE GPS baseline processing module RINEX files 129 WAVE processing styles 17 WGS-84 ellipsoid 86 heights 224 points, relationship with grid points 224 WGS-84 points, in Summary page of Properties window 179 wildcards # 165 * 165 ? 165 selecting multiple point names 165 WILDsoft, export format 369 window graphics 1014 Properties 172 Trimble Geomatics Office 1014 World files 150 world wide web site xv, xix
Z
Zeiss Rec E/M5, export format 369 zoom navigator 13 showing or hiding 13 using 13 using a mouse with a wheel 13 zoom tools 13, 85, 141
W
warning flags 202 warning flags, recomputation 513
59 2
Reader Comment Form

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2 January 2001 Part Number 39329-10-ENG Revision A
We appreciate your comments and suggestions for improving this publication. I use the following Trimble product______________________________________________ for ________________________________________________________________________ Please circle a response for each of the statements below: 1 = Strongly Agree 2 = Agree 3 = Neutral 4 = Disagree 5 = Strongly Disagree The manual is well organized. 1 2 3 4 5 I can find the information I want. 1 2 3 4 5 The information in the manual is accurate. 1 2 3 4 5 I can easily understand the instructions. 1 2 3 4 5 The manual contains enough examples. 1 2 3 4 5 The examples are appropriate and helpful. 1 2 3 4 5 The layout and format are attractive and useful. 1 2 3 4 5 The illustrations are clear and helpful. 1 2 3 4 5 The manual is: too long just right too short Please answer the following questions: Which sections do you use the most? ____________________________________________ What do you like best about the manual? _________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ What do you like least about the manual? _________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Optional Name _____________________________________________________________________ Company __________________________________________________________________ Address____________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Telephone ____________________________ Fax __________________________________ Please mail to the local office listed on the back cover or to Trimble Navigation Limited, 645 North Mary Avenue, P.O. Box 3642, Sunnyvale, CA 94088-3642. Alternatively, e-mail your comments and suggestions to ReaderFeedback@trimble.com. All comments and suggestions become the property of Trimble Navigation Limited.

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Trimble Geomatics Office

Trimble Geomatics Office

Version 1.5 Part Number 39329-10-ENG Revision A January 2001

Using the Trimble Geomatics Office Software

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Using a Coordinate System

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Transferring Files to the Trimble Survey Controller Software

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Importing Survey Data into the Trimble Geomatics Office Software

. . . . 114 . . . . 116 . . . . 117 . . . . 117 . . . . 118 . . . . 118 . . . . 119 . . . . 122

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Using the Graphics Window and Selecting Entities

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

. 163 . 163 . 165 . 166 . 168

Viewing and Editing Data

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

GPS Site Calibration

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing

Using the Plan View

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Adding Entities to the Project

Reporting on the Project

Exporting to Third-Party Software Formats

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Using Attributes in the Trimble Geomatics Office Software

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

. 457 . 461 . 463 . 464 . 465 . 465 . 467 . 468

Custom Import, Export, and Report Formats

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

. 513 . 515 . 515 . 516 . 518 . 519 . 520

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

About This Manual

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

About This Manual

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

About This Manual

About This Manual

Helvetica Narrow Helvetica Bold

Select Italics / Italics

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing

Feature Code Processing

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing

Feature and Attribute Libraries

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing

Processing Feature Codes

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing

Click OK to start processing feature codes.

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing

Undoing Feature Code Processing

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing

The Feature Code Processing Report

Trimble Geomatics Office User Guide Volume 2

Feature Code Processing