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Write short notes on any four of the following : 4x5=20 (i) Influence of attitude on language learning (ii) Register (iii) Standard Dialect (iv) Behaviourist Learning Theory (v) Interlanguage (vi) Code-mixing and Code switching 2. What role does motivation play in leaming ? Give a few indances from your experi ence to illustrate your point. (10+10=20) 3. How is human language more sophisticated than the language of animals ? Illustrate with examples. (15+5=20) 4. Explain the basic tenets and procedures of error analysis. How is it more useful than contrastive analysis ? (10+10=20) 5. Who would you call a bilingual ? Explain how bilingualism can be an enabling factor in L2 learning. Give two examples from your classroom experience. (5+10+5=20) 6. Language is not a static entity but subject to variation, Discuss. Describe the factors that lead to language variation. (10+10=20)
Note: The above courses

A,nswer all questions. 1 What, according to you, is the difference between learning a language and learning a subject like History and Philosophy? How would this difference affect curriculum design and methodology? (20) 2 Describe the terms intelligence, aptitude and attitude. How do they affect second language acquisition? (20) 3 What are the defining features of human communication? Which of these are absent ia animal communication? (20) ' 4 What are errors, mistakes and lapses? Do you feel that it is important for a teacher to identify them in order to rectify them? (20) 5 What is meant by the Three Language Formula? What purpose does each of the languages serve? Do you feel that this Formula is appropriate for India? If not, then 1 Write short notes on any four of the following: 20
i ii iii iv v vi Human beings never finish learning any language, even their mother tongue. Field-independence vs. Field-dependence and second language learning. Wernickes aphasia. Difference between errors, mistakes and lapses. Three stage Model of Human Memory. Interlanguage

What is cognitive style? Is it different from intelligence? List the cognitive styles indicated by researchers. Which of the cognitive styles is more important for developing communicative skills in second language learning? You may write about your own experience as a teacher. 20 Discuss with examples the difference between integrative orientation and instrumental orientation. Which kind of orientation is likely to make the learner more successful at learning a second language? Why do you think so in the Indian context? 20 What is code switching and code mixing? Should use of mother tongue in the language classroom be encouraged? 20 What is contrastive analysis? Is it important as a teaching tool? Why? 20

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What do you understand by bilingualism? Distinguish between co-ordinate compound and subordinate bilinguals. Give examples to support your answer. 20 what, in your opinio1 Write short notes on any four of the following: 20

n, should be the language policy in India?