Electronics Terms and Definitions Part 1 LINEAR WAVE SHAPING Changing the shape of a sinusoidal signal by passing it through

a series of linear circuits PEAKING Changing pulses to spikes RAMSAUER EFFECT The low attenuation of slowing electrons by inert gasses WIEN MAXWELL BRIDGE Measures an unknown inductance with a given capacitance ANDERSON BRIDGE SCHERING BRIDGE Useful in measuring capacitance and also in measuring insulating properties for phase angle of very nearly 900 RESISTANCE GROUNDING Use when the voltage is from 3.3kv to 11kv SOLID/ SOIL GROUNDING Use when the voltage is below 660v FRENKELL EFFECT SELENIUM Has a 1v drop JAMES CLERK MAXWELL Electromagnetic radiation WEBER S.I. unit of magnetic flux HALL EFFECT Can be used to determine if p-type or n-type

ISOTOPES Atoms which has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons HYSTERESIS Causes a lagging effect CRITICAL RESISTANCE Causes the square root of the resistance to be zero MEGGER Use to measure high resistances Maximum electrons in the valence shell is 8 LEAD ACID 2.1V GAUSS LAW The total electric flux extending from a closed surface is equal to the algebraic sum of the charges inside the closed surface DEAD SHORT - Most dangerous short - short ckt having minimum resistance CORONA SWINBURNE Most economical BRAVAIS LATTICE SILVER ZINC Used for emergency purposes LECLANCHE CELL Most common dry cell

WESTON CELL Used as a reference cell ELECTROLUMINISENCE Conversion of electrical energy into light energy CERAMIC Capacitor used for high frequencies ELECTROLYTIC BATTERY Undergoes an electrochemical process DEAD SPACE - refers to the possibility that till the input increases beyond a certain value, the output does not change in some instrument. STEP INPUT - represents a sudden, instantaneous and finite change in the input. PARABOLIC INPUT - represents an input signal which is proportional to the square of the time and hence represent a constant acceleration. SPEED OF RESPONSE - the rapidity at which a system responds to the change in the quantity being measured. FIDELITY - indicates how much faithfully the system responds to the change in the input. MEASURING LAG - retardation or delay in the response of the system. GROSS ERROR OR PERSONAL ERROR - error which mainly occurs due to carelessness or lack of experience of human being. 0.5% TO 1% - the accuracy obtained by using a Wien bridge. SYSTEMATIC ERROR - error due to the short comings of the instrument and the charateristics of the materials used in the instrument. RANDOM ERROR - error in the instrument which cannot be corrected by any method of calibration or other methods of control as the causes of such errors are unknown. WHEATSTONE BRIDGE - simplest type of bridge used to measure medium resistances.

1 OHM TO FEW MEGA OHMS - range measured by wheatstone bridge. 0.05% TO 0.2% (both in positive & negative) - in a Kelvin's double bridge, with resistance range from 10 ohms to 100 micro ohms, ___ tolerance. (something like this, forgot the whole question) MAXWELL'S BRIDGE - type of bridg used to measure unknown inductance using the known capacitance. GROUNDING AND SHIELDING - used to... of stray capacitances (minimize the effect ata yun) 3 TO 6 INCHES - original diameter of silicon wafer before processing. FILM IC - IC whose components consist of passive elements either resistor or capacitor. MULTIVIBRATORS - output is not sonusoidal. OSCILLATORS - dc power to ac power at predetermined frequency. MAXWELL-WIEN BRIDGE - is a modified Anderson bridge.