Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Outline
Introduction Background Importance of the Study Theory and Methodology Velocity model for Malay Peninsula Focal mechanism solution using polarities and amplitude ratios Data used for determination of focal mechanism Results and Discussion with related studies Focal mechanisms of four Bukit Tinggi events Comparison of the P and T axes distributions Observed polarities of the first motion of Pwaves Conclusion
2
No. EQ
3 6 4 3
Epicenter (Lat/Long/Location)
3.3 3.4 N 3.3 3.5 N 3.3 3.4 N 3.3 3.4 N 101-102 E 101-102 E 101-102 E 101-102 E Bukit Tinggi Bukit Tinggi Bukit Tinggi Bukit Tinggi
Depth (km)
<7 <5 <3 Shallow
Magnitude (mb)
3.2 3.5 2.6 3.5 2.4 3.4 2.5 3.3
MMI
III III III III
Distributions of the Local Felt EQs since its first occurrence on November 30th, 2007
4 3
Magnitude (mb)
0
0 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720 810
where is the i-th observed data, and is the total number of data.
7
Comparison of Velocity Structure between CRUST2.0 (J1 and C2), and iasp91
Depth (km)
Vs
Vp
Velocity (km/s)
(a)
(b)
10
Time series of vertical channel (a) and horizontal channel (b), of IPM station for the BUkit Tinggi event occurred at 02:13 UTC, November 30, 2007 with magnitude of 3.5mb. The upper, middle and lower traces are velocity, squared velocity, and integration of squared velocity, respectively
11
12
Theoretical P-arrival
The lowest RMS are consistently obtained by model iasp91, which suggests that model iasp91 predicts the observed travel times better than the models from CRUST2.0. This is consistent with the result obtained by Din (2011) in which crustal thickness beneath station IPM is similar to the thickness of iasp91 (35km). We used a velocity model from iasp91 for the calculation of take off angles.
13
30 30 12 10
We requested three-component broadband waveform data recorded at stations of IPM and KOM for four largest Bukit Tinggi events (mb 3 - 3.5) using BREQ_FAST (Batch REQuest, FAST), which provides batch access to the IRIS DMC archive. This was done by emailing a formatted file to breq_fast@iris.washington.edu
15
Rotation of the 02:13 UTC,November 30, 2007 Bukit Tinggi waveform data
East-West Coordinate
rota+on
North-South Ver+cal
Observing polarities of the 02:13 UTC November 30, 2007 Bukit Tinggi event
E-W
Ver+cal
17
0.85281SH
0.77248SH
18
Input parameters for the November 30th, 2007, 02:13 UTC Bukit Tinggi event.D = Dilatation, F = Away from event , L=Left and H = Log10(SH/ P)
Focal Mechanism of the 02:13 UTC November 30, 2007 Bukit Tinggi event
Fault Plane 1 Fault Plane 2 F1 F2 dip
strike
Focal Mechanism of the 12:42 UTC November 30, 2007 Bukit Tinggi event
Fault Plane 1 F1 dip Fault Plane 2
F2 strike
Focal Mechanism of the 10:01 UTC December 12, 2007 Bukit Tinggi event
Fault Plane 1 F1 dip Fault Plane 2
F2
strike
Focal Mechanism of the 15:38 UTC January 10, 2008 Bukit Tinggi event
F1 Fault Plane 1 Fault Plane 2
dip F2
strike
P, T and B are the maximum compressional, minimum compressional and null axes, respectively).
23
The similar waveforms imply that the mechanisms of the events are similar. The observed polarity at a given station should be the same for each event in cluster (Hardebeck and Shearer, 2002).
Waveform data of the 12:55 UTC Dec, 9,2007 (left) and the 00:50 UTC Mar 15, 2008 (right)
24
25
Conclusions
We obtained relatively well-constrained solutions of the events we analysed although the constraint for dip angles is weaker. The focal mechanisms of the largest 3.5mb event is mostly strike slip with some dip slip, while that of three events are strike slip fault type. The maximum compressional (P) axes of the largest 3.5mb event are in the NNW-SSE direction while the three strike slip events are in the NW-SE direction. The minimum compressional (T) axes of the strike slip events are in the NE-SW direction. Since there is no surface trace of ruptures this result is important to improve our understanding of these seismic activities.
26
Thank You
27