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Specification

Surface coatings and coverings general requirements


Issued by Ralph Nussbaum Product Requirements & Compliance/ Product Laws & Standards Signature Authorised by Anders Grlin IKEA of Sweden/ Deputy Manager

Spec. no: Date: Version no:

IOS-MAT-0066 2010-05-14 AA-163938-7

Signature

Replaces: AA-163938-6

Surface coatings and coverings general requirements


This specification describes IKEA requirements on surface coatings and coverings, as well as metal surface treatment and stainless steel surfaces, in respect of chemical content, physical properties, visual qualities, and documentation. The specification is valid for application of surface coatings and coverings (see Definitions, section 6) to all substrates except leather, textiles, printing on paper and cardboard, ceramic glazes, enamel on metal, and decorations which are fused into/onto the glass, enamel, or ceramic glazes.

Contents

About this specification

This specification addresses IKEA suppliers as well as their surface coating and covering suppliers. The purpose of this specification is to describe IKEA requirements concerning surface coatings and coverings in order to: Minimise harmful effects to environment and health from IKEA articles. Ensure compliance of IKEA articles with health and environment regulations in all IKEA markets. Ensure the quality of surfaces on IKEA articles, such as surface resistance, surface appearance, correct colour and gloss, and good workmanship.

This document is connected to IOS-TM-0002, Surface resistance test methods.

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Table of contents
1

Chemical requirements .......................................................................................... 3 1.1 Surface coatings and coverings general requirements ..........................................3 1.2 Surface coatings and coverings for solid wood, wood-based substrates, and natural materials .........................................................................................................8 1.3 Surface coatings for metal substrates ..................................................................9 1.4 Surface coatings for plastic substrates .................................................................9 2 Physical properties .............................................................................................. 10 2.1 Surface resistance........................................................................................... 10 2.2 Surface coating/covering adhesion .................................................................... 12 2.3 Coating blocking and stickiness ......................................................................... 12 3 Visual requirements............................................................................................. 13 3.1 Colours.......................................................................................................... 13 3.2 Gloss............................................................................................................. 14 3.3 Surface appearance and defects in coating film/finish........................................... 14 3.4 Fingerprints.................................................................................................... 14 3.5 Textured paints .............................................................................................. 14 4 Metal surfaces coatings and stainless steel ...................................................... 15 4.1 Service conditions ........................................................................................... 15
4.1.1 3.1.1 3.1.2 Colour samples ........................................................................................................ 13 Approval of colour and tolerances ............................................................................... 13

4.2

Corrosion requirements and test methods........................................................... 17

Requirements .......................................................................................................... 16 Neutral salt spray test............................................................................................... 17 Acetic acid salt spray test .......................................................................................... 17 Dip test .................................................................................................................. 17 Minimum thickness ................................................................................................... 18

4.3 Corrosion and coating thickness test frequency ................................................... 19 Documentation .................................................................................................... 19 5.1 General certificate of conformity of CPSA/CPSIA .................................................. 20 6 Definitions ........................................................................................................... 21 Appendix A: List of allowed biocides .......................................................................... 25 Appendix B: Test methods for surface resistance deviations and comments ........... 26 Appendix C: Surface coating/covering declaration of chemical substances by surface coating/covering supplier .......................................................................................... 27 Appendix D: Lead test requirement according to 16 CFR, Part 1303 (USA) ................ 31 Appendix E: References .............................................................................................. 34 5

4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4

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Specification
Surface coatings and coverings general requirements

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Chemical requirements

When choosing surface coating and covering materials, and production processes, the aim shall always be to select an alternative which minimises any harmful effects to health and environment: In the raw material During the production process During use of the article When the article becomes waste

Prior to packing, the finished surface shall be cured and well ventilated. Requirements on emissions and odour from the final product are stated in IOS-MAT-0010 (Chemical compounds and substances). IKEA supplier shall make sure that only surface coating and covering components and systems, which are guaranteed by the coating/covering supplier to fulfil the requirements listed below on content of chemical substances are used in the production of IKEA products. All references to standards and legislations shall always be seen as referring to the latest updated version.

1.1

Surface coatings and coverings general requirements


Test method Minimum documentation requirement Self Declaration (SD)

Table 1.1. Surface coatings and coverings general requirements Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering All types of surface coatings/ coverings, thinners, and pre-treatment CMR substances (Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, or Reprotoxic) category 1 and 2 according to EU-legislative classification Addition of CMR substances of category 1 or 2 to coatings/coverings used in IKEA products is not allowed. Contamination levels of a CMR substance in a coating component below 0.10 % are not considered to be an addition.

Screening test. Different extraction and analysis methods depending on which materials and substances to be tested. Screening test. Different extraction and analysis methods depending on which materials and substances to be tested.

All types of surface coatings/ coverings, thinners, and pre-treatment

PBT substances (Persistent, Bioaccumulating, and Toxic substances) and vPvB substances (very Persistent very Bioaccumulating substances)

Addition of PBT and vPvB substances to coatings/coverings used in IKEA products is not allowed. Contamination levels of a PBT or vPvB substance in a coating component below 0.10 % are not considered to be an addition.

SD

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Specification
Surface coatings and coverings general requirements
Table 1.1. Surface coatings and coverings general requirements Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering All types of surface coatings/ coverings, thinners, and pre-treatment Other SVHC (Substances of Very High Concern) Addition of SVHC to coating/coverings used in IKEA products is not allowed. Contamination levels of SVHC in a coating component below 0.10 % are not considered to be an addition.

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Test method

Minimum documentation requirement SD

Screening test. Different extraction and analysis methods depending on which materials and substances to be tested. EN 71-3

All types of surface coatings/ coverings All types of surface coatings/ coverings All types of surface coatings/ coverings

Migration of heavy metals including their compounds (Sb, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Se) Cadmium (Cd) and its compounds Lead (Pb) and its compounds

Surface coating films and covering systems on all products shall not exceed limits for heavy metal migration. For limits, see EN 71-3. Shall not be used. Contamination limit value: 40 mg Cd/kg dry surface material. Shall not be used. Contamination limit value: 90 mg Pb/kg dry surface material.

SD

Total digestion (e.g. hydrofluoric acid) + AAS or ICP Total digestion (e.g. hydrofluoric acid + AAS or ICP) in compliance with 16 CFR Part 1303 (CPSC-CHE1003-09) (USA) Screening test. Different extraction and analysis methods depending on which materials and substances to be tested.

SD

SD + Test Report (TR)1 for solid films in furniture articles in the scope of 16 CFR, Part 1303 (USA), see Appendix D.2 3 SD for all other surface coatings/ coverings. SD

Liquid coatings and fillers

Biocides of all kinds

Addition of biocides is only allowed according to the approved list of substances in Appendix A. The concentration of individual biocides or mixtures of biocides as parts of a weighted sum (see Appendix A for explanation), shall not exceed the limits in Appendix A, in each surface coating component. or Addition of biocides is also allowed after permission from IKEA. Permission is needed for all biocides not listed in Appendix A. See Table C1 in Appendix C.

The TR may be replaced by tests of lead by the coating supplier in coating products that are identical in all material respects to those used in production of the furniture article, see Appendix D. Test reports from these tests of lead in coating products shall be handed over by the coating supplier to the IKEA supplier for registration in the IKEA Connect database, see section 5.1. 2 This requirement is valid regardless of whether a furniture article, as defined in Appendix D, is delivered to the USA or not. 3 The content of other heavy metals that are analysed in the same test (on dry surface coating from the final article) shall also be reported in the test report.
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Specification
Surface coatings and coverings general requirements
Table 1.1. Surface coatings and coverings general requirements Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering Liquid coatings including hardeners, pretreatment, thinners, and solvents for cleaning/ degreasing Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents

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Test method

Minimum documentation requirement SD

ISO 11890-2 The content of total aromatic hydrocarbon solvents shall be less than 1 % by weight in the liquid fraction of each surface coating component. Examples are: Toluene (CAS no: 108-88-3), xylene (CAS no (group): 1330-20-7), ethylbenzene (CAS no: 100-41-4), styrene (CAS no: 100-42-5), and trimethylbenzenes and higher aromatic hydrocarbons. Furthermore, the content of benzene (CAS no: 71-43-2), shall be less than a contamination limit of 0.10 % by weight in the organic solvent fraction. Use of chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents is not allowed The level of chlorinated hydrocarbons in the solvent fraction shall be less than the labelling limit according to EU Directives 1999/45/ EC and 67/548/EEC Annex I or Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. Examples are: Methylene chloride (CAS no: 75-09-2), chloroform (CAS no: 67-66-3), and perchloroethylene (CAS no: 127-18-4) each less than 1 % by weight. Trichloroethylene (CAS no: 79-01-6) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (CAS no: 71-55-6) each less than 0.1 % by weight. 2-ethoxy ethanol (ethyl glycol) (CAS no: 110-80-5) and 2-ethoxy ethylacetate (ethyl glycol acetate) (CAS no: 111-15-9) are not allowed to be used. Contamination limit value: 0.1 % by weight of the solvent fraction. Headspace gas chromatograp hy with electron capture detection (HSGC-ECD)

Liquid coatings, pretreatment, thinners, and solvents for cleaning/ degreasing

Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents

SD

Liquid coatings and thinners

2-ethoxy ethanol and 2ethoxy ethylacetate

ISO 11890-2

SD

Liquid coatings and thinners

Dimethylformamide

Dimethylformamide (CAS no: 68-12-2) is not allowed to be used. Contamination limit value: 0.1 % by weight of the solvent fraction.

ISO 11890-2

SD

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Table 1.1. Surface coatings and coverings general requirements Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering Liquid coatings and fillers Organotin (tinorganic) compounds No kind of organotin compounds are allowed to be used, except: dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL, CAS no: 77-58-7) (including residues of monobutyltin compounds) as catalyst in 2-pack polyurethane coatings and urethane-acrylic UV coatings at a maximum concentration of 0.05 % in the ready-to-use mixture. Contamination limit value for organotin compounds included in the standard test (see Definition of organotin compounds): 2.5 mg/kg dry surface material. The limit values refer to the alkyl/aryl tin cation without the counter ion. Monomer levels of: TDI (toluene diisocyanate, CAS no: 26471-62-5) HDI (hexamethylene diisocyanate, CAS no: 822-06-0) in isocyanate-containing liquid coatings and hardeners (prepolymer solution) shall be less than 0.5 % by weight of each diisocyanate. APEO, sum of NPEO (Nonylphenol ethoxylates) and OPEO (Octylphenol ethoxylates) Phthalates Use of APEO (alkylphenol ethoxylates) is not allowed. Contamination limit value: 0.10 % by weight in the ready-to-use mixture. Use of the following phthalates is not allowed: DEHP (CAS no: 117-81-7) BBP (CAS no: 85-68-7) DBP (CAS no: 84-74-2) DINP (CAS no: 28553-12-0) DNOP (CAS no: 117-84-0) DIDP (CAS no: 26761-40-0) DIBP (CAS no: 84-69-5) Contamination limit value: 0.10 % for sum of all phthalates in the ready-to-use mixture.

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Test method

Minimum documentation requirement SD

Extraction and GC-MS

Isocyanatecontaining liquid coatings including hardeners

TDI and HDI monomers

LC-MS/MS

SD

Liquid coatings and fillers

Extraction (methanol + ammonium acetate) + HPLC and detection by MS DAD Extraction and GC-MS

SD

Liquid coatings and fillers

SD

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Specification
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Table 1.1. Surface coatings and coverings general requirements Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering UV coatings, including printing inks Toxic coating ingredients Coating ingredients classified as T according to EU Directives 1999/45/EC and 67/548/EEC or classified as Acute Tox. 1-3, STOT SE 1 or STOT RE 1 according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, are not allowed. Note: Residual substances (technical impurities) classified as toxic are allowed to be found in the coating ingredients as long as the coating ingredient itself is not classified as toxic. UV coatings, including printing inks Stenomeric acrylates It is not allowed to use: any stenomeric acrylate that is classified as Xn or T according to EU Directive 67/548/EEC or classified as Acute Tox. 1-4, STOT SE 1 or STOT RE 1 & 2 according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008. Contamination limit value: 1 % by weight in the ready-to-use mixture for the sum of such stenomeric acrylates including acrylic acid (CAS no: 79-10-7). UV coatings, including printing inks Xn-and Cclassified (harmful and corrosive) preparations TGIC (Triglycidyl isocyanurate) The ready-to-use UV-coating preparation shall not be classified as Xn or C according to the EU Directives 1999/45/EC (and 67/548/EEC). Powder coatings shall not contain any addition of TGIC hardener (CAS no: 2451-62-9). This crosslinking agent is primarily used in polyester-based powder coatings. Contamination limit value: 0.1 % by weight. Not allowed to be used as a material for surface coverings. Pulp that has been bleached with elemental chlorine is not allowed to be used in the manufacturing of supporting paper.

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Test method

Minimum documentation requirement SD

Extraction and GC-MS

SD

SD

Powder coatings

SD

Surface coverings Surface coverings

PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) Elemental chlorine bleaching

SD SD

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1.2

Surface coatings and coverings for solid wood, wood-based substrates, and natural materials

Table 1.2. Surface coatings and coverings for solid wood, wood-based substrates, and natural materials Surface Substance Requirements Test method Minimum coating/ documentation covering requirement All types of surface coatings Formaldehyde Surface coating products shall not contain formaldehyde, i.e.: No formaldehyde shall be added to the surface coating product. No formaldehyde shall be created during storage and curing of the surface coating. The formaldehyde contamination level shall be maximum 0.5 mg/m2h measured according to EN 717-2 (Gas analysis method) with the finished surface coating applied to a glass plate or other inert substrate. For requirements, see IOS-MAT-0003. The sampling shall reflect a realistic worst case in comparison to when the product could reach a customer (i.e. normal handling in factory, storage time, packaging and transport to the nearest destination). SD

Surface coverings

Formaldehyde

For documentation requirements, see IOS-MAT0003 SD ASTM D 2369, in For exceptions with VOC cases where reactive diluents exhaust reduction, a are present solvent management plan (mass balance) according to EU Directive 1999/13/EC Annex III shall be carried out every 12 months. ISO 11890-2

Liquid coatings, fillers, and thinners

Organic solvents

Surface coatings, fillers, and thinners shall have a maximum VOC content of 130 g VOC/litre of the ready-to-use product. Exception: After approval by IKEA, surface coatings, fillers, and thinners containing organic solvents exceeding 130 g VOC/litre may be used if the process is performed under conditions with efficient VOC encapsulation and VOC exhaust reduction. The total VOC emission shall be maximum 15 % of all solvents used in connection with the application of solvent-borne coatings, including for cleaning of coating equipment, as per the mass balance calculation.

Unsaturated polyester coatings

Styrene and vinyltoluene monomers Peroxides

Coating systems shall contain less than 1 % by weight of styrene and vinyltoluene monomers. In cases where peroxide is used as hardener, the peroxide shall not contain aromatics.

SD

SD

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Table 1.2. Surface coatings and coverings for solid wood, wood-based substrates, and natural materials Surface Substance Requirements Test method Minimum coating/ documentation covering requirement UV coatings Residual free monomers (stenomeric acrylates) Residual stenomeric acrylic monomers in the finished cured coating film and the substrate shall be less than 800 mg/m2 extractable. Note: This requirement refers to the final product after curing. In order to fulfil this requirement, key UV-process parameters such as UV-radiation level, UV-lamp distance, applied amount of coating, flow speed etc. shall be fully controlled and documented. For determination of residual free monomers and photo-initiators in cured films: Extraction and GC-MS (see IOS-TM-0002, section 16) For all UV coatings except for waterborne UV coatings: TR and SD.4 For water-borne UV coatings: SD. Note: Photoinitiators are also included in the test although there is no specific content requirement for them.

1.3

Surface coatings for metal substrates


Test method Minimum documentation requirement SD SD

Table 1.3. Surface coatings and for metal substrates Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering Hot dip galvanizing Chrome plating Chromating and anodizing Cadmium Hexavalent chrome (Cr-VI) Hexavalent chrome (Cr-VI) Zinc grades with cadmium content lower than 40 mg/kg shall be used. Not allowed to use Cr-VI (chromates, bichromates, or chromic acid) in chrome plating. Not allowed to use Cr-VI (chromates, bichromates, or chromic acid). If Cr-VI is found according to spot test and/or boiling under extraction procedure (qualitative tests, see IEC 62321), this indicates that Cr-VI has been used, which is not allowed.

ICP

IEC 62321

SD

1.4

Surface coatings for plastic substrates


Test method Minimum documentation requirement SD

Table 1.4. Surface coatings for plastic substrates Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering Pre-treatment Chlorinated paraffin Use of chlorinated paraffin (alkanes) is not allowed. Contamination limit value: 0.1 % by weight.

Extraction and GC-MS

4 A yearly test report is required even in cases where the content of residual monomers (stenomeric acrylates) in the ready-to-use mixture ensures that the limit value of 800 mg/m2 theoretically cannot be exceeded at the applied amount. However, any subsequent changes of the formulation of such coating systems do not require a repeated test, if the levels of total stenomeric acrylates and of total photoinitiators don't increase significantly.

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Table 1.4. Surface coatings for plastic substrates Surface Substance Requirements coating/ covering Chrome plating including pre-treatment Hexavalent chrome (Cr-VI) Not allowed to use Cr-VI (chromates, bichromates, or chromic acid) in chrome plating.

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Test method

Minimum documentation requirement SD

2
2.1

Physical properties
Surface resistance

The Technical Description (TED) specifies the requirement Tables 2.1.A to 2.1.I and requirement class which applies to the surface treatment of the product. Samples shall be taken from the suppliers production line. For test method references with (*), see Appendix B for deviations from standard tests and additional comments. The surface resistance tests listed in Tables 2.1.A to 2.1.I do not apply to products made of natural materials.
Table 2.1.A. Coated/covered substrates of wood, wood-based, plastic and glass materials, and flat horizontal coated metal substrates Requirements Test method Class P1 Water Fat (liquid paraffin) Alcohol (48 %) Coffee EN 12720 * EN 12720 * EN 12720 * EN 12720 * 24 hours 24 hours 6 hours 6 hours R1 24 hours 24 hours 1 hour 1 hour R2 24 hours 24 hours 1 hour 1 hour R4 16 hours 24 hours -1 hour R6 6 hours 24 hours --R7 1 hour 6 hours ---

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory. For class R4 the coffee test only applies to external horizontal surfaces (i.e. not inside shelves) of storage furniture less than 1500 mm over floor.

Dry heat Fastness to rubbing

EN 12722 * IOS-TM-0002, section 4

---

-10 x 9 N

70 C 10 x 9 N

-10 x 9 N

-10 x 9 N

-10 x 9 N

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory. (only for wood/woodbased substrates, not for surface coverings, clear-lacquered and white-pigmented surfaces)

Result 4 for dry rubbing and 3-4 for wet rubbing on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Table 2.1.B. Coated substrates of wood and wood-based materials (not including surface coverings) Requirements Fat on scratches Test method P1 IOS-TM-0002, section 2 7N+ 24 hours R1 5N+ 24 hours Class R2 3N+ 24 hours R4 2N+ 24 hours

Acceptable width of a scratch is maximum 0.5 mm. Penetration through the coating film is not acceptable. Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

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Table 2.1.C. Coated metals substrates (not including inorganic coatings) Requirements Test method Class P1 Fastness to rubbing metal Scratching (not for surfaces with texture or surfaces with a gloss below 15) IOS-TM-0002, section 3 IOS-TM-0002, section 1 22.5 2.5 N R1 22.5 2.5 N R2 22.5 2.5 N R4 22.5 2.5 N

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

5N

5N

5N

3N

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Table 2.1.D. Office furniture (not including coated metal substrates) Requirements Test method Class P1 Wet heat EN 12721 * 85 C
Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Abrasion and fat

IOS-TM-0002, section 9

2 kg/700 cycles + 24 hours fat

No spreading of paraffin oil outside the abraded area is accepted for approval.

Table 2.1.E. Public furniture (not including coated metal substrates) Requirements Test method Class P1 Wet heat Damp and friction + cold liquids, wet heat, and fat on scratches EN 12721 * IOS-TM-0002, section 10 85 C 4 kg/2500 cycles
Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Coffee: 6 hours, alcohol: 6 hours, water: 24 hours, fat: 24 hours, wet heat: 85 C, fat on scratches: 7 N/24 hours. Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Table 2.1.F. Kitchen and bathroom doors, fronts, and cabinets Requirements Test method R1 Water on edges Heat on edges Steam on edges on kitchen doors and fronts (not cabinets) Water spray on bathroom doors IOS-TM-0002, section 5 IOS-TM-0002, section 6 IOS-TM-0002, section 7 1 hour 85 C 3 cycles

Class R2 1 hour ---

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 3 on a scale 1-3, where 1 is worst and 3 is best, is satisfactory.

IOS-TM-0002, section 11

--

3 cycles

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

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Table 2.1.G. Worktops in laminate/melamine Requirements Test method R1 Dry heat Wet heat Heat on edges Steam on edges on worktops Resistance to crazing EN 12722 * EN 12721 * IOS-TM-0002, section 6 IOS-TM-0002, section 7 IOS-TM-0002, section 12 160 C 85 C 85 C 3 cycles 80 C, 20 hours

Class

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 3 on a scale 1-3, where 1 is worst and 3 is best, is satisfactory.

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory. (Degree 4: Hairline cracks only visible under 8X magnification, irregularly distributed across the surface).

Surface wear Impact on surface

EN 438-2:2005 * ISO 4211-4 *

(IP + FP)/2 >350 and IP >150 50 mm

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory, including an impact mark of maximum 5 mm.

Impact on edges

IOS-TM-0002, section 8

50 mm

Result 3 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory, including an impact mark of maximum 5 mm.

Table 2.1.H. Armrest, coated wood, and wood-based materials Requirements Test method R2 Perspiration EN 12720 * 1 hour

Class R4 1 hour

Result 4 on a scale 1-5, where 1 is worst and 5 is best, is satisfactory.

Table 2.1.I. Coated wood, metal, and plastic substrates for outdoor environment Requirements Test method Class R11 Artificial weathering IOS-TM-0002, section 13 200 hours R12 400 hours R13 750 hours

Cracks shall not be visible under a magnifying of 10 (class 0). Flaking shall not be visible under a magnifying of 10 (class 0). Valid for both quantity and size of flakes. Blistering shall not be visible under a magnifying of 10 (class 0). There shall be no visible corrosion.

2.2

Surface coating/covering adhesion

The surface coating/covering shall be adequately adhered to the substrate. An indicative and simple adhesion test method is described in IOS-TM-0002, section 14.

2.3

Coating blocking and stickiness

Any risk for coating blocking or stickiness problems shall be prevented. This demand is also valid during standard transport conditions at temperatures reaching 70 C.

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3
3.1

Visual requirements
Colours

3.1.1 Colour samples


The supplier index indicates the colour of the product, e.g. "IKEA white no. 5". IKEA can provide the supplier with colour samples to use when checking the colour. The colour samples validity is stated on the back of the sample. The colour sample is only intended as a basis for judgement of the colour of the product and is not to be used for judgement of surface appearance or gloss unless this is specifically stated in the TED. Exceptions from this rule are colour samples of metallic and/or textured finishes. These shall be used for judgement of surface appearance. The label on the colour sample gives information about the colours name and gloss value. In case of dispute, a solid colour sample, e.g. a pigmented colour sample or a solid colour foil sample, has to be measured against a colour master sample at IKEA. The colour deviation expressed as E-value (delta E) shall be less than 0.5. Colour samples are to be stored at room temperature in a dark place well protected from dust, dirt, and liquids. The surfaces of the sample shall be left untouched. Any fingerprints shall be removed using a mild soap solution. The sample shall then be allowed to dry in the air or be wiped dry with a soft cotton cloth. If the sample is damaged, it shall be replaced.

3.1.2 Approval of colour and tolerances


A visual colour check with colour sample is used for approval of colour and determined in daylight outdoors in the shade or in a viewing cabinet with daylight D65 with a colour temperature of 6500 K and a colour rendering index RA >92. The colour sample and the object to be evaluated (for maximum 20-30 s) shall be held at a distance of approximately 0.5 m, at an angle of 45 and with 2-3 cm space between the objects. When checking colours of stains the object shall have about the same surface structure and the colour sample shall be viewed parallel to the grain. When checking paints, the object is to be placed in the sanding direction. Before the final evaluation is made the colour sample and the object shall change places. Since metamerism effects may occur, the colour shall also be checked in other light sources, e.g. light bulbs and fluorescent tubes. If no or a hardly noticeable colour difference is detected on the object, then the colour match is approved. If a hardly noticeable colour difference between individual components of the same product is detected, the product shall be assembled in its entirety and another visual evaluation shall be made based on if the customer would detect any colour difference in the finished product. Measurement of colour deviation shall be done with a spectrophotometer with the following settings: CIELAB Geometry diffuse: 8 Light source: A 10, D65 10, and F11 10

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3.2

Gloss

The gloss is measured at the supplier according to Gardner 60 on completely flat surfaces with a width of minimum 50 mm. The gloss value is given as the average value of at least three measurements on the same surface. When measuring gloss it is always done in the fibre direction of the sample where the wooden structure is visible. The gloss value of the colour is stated on the label on the back of each colour sample. The gloss tolerances in Table 3.2 apply:
Table 3.2. Gloss tolerance Gloss value 0-30 >30-55 >55 (not including high-gloss foils) High-gloss foils Tolerance for A- and B-surfaces -2 to +5 5 10 5

Gloss on surfaces with metallic effect and/or textured, shall be judged with comparison to colour sample and not measured. For C-surfaces5 there are no specific requirements regarding deviations, unless otherwise stated in the TED.

3.3

Surface appearance and defects in coating film/finish

The surface appearance, which refers to surface fullness, occurrence of pores, sanding scratches, stained or discoloured finish, visible base structure etc., shall be judged based on a reference sample, which is taken and then approved by IKEA. Visible coating damage repairs, running, or visible particles in the coating film/finish are not acceptable on A- and B-surfaces on furniture as defined in specification IOS-PRF-0011.

3.4 3.5

Fingerprints Textured paints

Permanent visible fingerprints are not allowed.

Colour samples of textured paints shall be used to evaluate the appearance of the texture. For dark colours the texturing agent shall be coloured.

For definition of A, B, and C-surfaces, see specification IOS-PRF-0011.


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Metal surfaces coatings and stainless steel

This section contains corrosion requirements and test methods on metal surface coatings and stainless steel for IKEA products. Service condition 1 is valid unless otherwise stated in the TED. Tests shall be made on ready-made assembled product or component.

4.1

Service conditions

Table 4.1 shows the service conditions defined by IKEA. Table 4.1. Service conditions Service condition Description

1 3 5 6

Indoor: office, kitchen, bedroom, living room, or transport Wet indoor: bathroom, laundry, attic, garage, cellar, or in kitchen if prolonged exposure
to wetness or to water

Outdoor: garden or terrace For particular requirements. Can be a lower requirement than 1 or higher requirement than 5.

Table 4.1.1 lists specific requirements regarding service conditions and corrosion test methods for all metal surface coatings and stainless steel. It is the surface that meets the environment which decides which test method to use. All corrosion tests and measuring shall be made on the final surface. If the coating layers under the top surface are inorganic, these layers shall be measured with X-ray. For example, clear lacquer on top of nickel plating, use gauge meter to measure lacquer thickness, X-ray to measure the nickel thickness, and dip test to evaluate corrosion resistance.

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4.1.1 Requirements
Table 4.1.1. Requirements Surface description Organic coatings ED-liquid coating Liquid coating Powder coating Inorganic coatings Anodizing Chrome plating Nickel plating Hot dip galvanized Pre-galvanized Zinc plating Brass plating Copper plating Tin plating Hot dip tinning Antique treatment Stainless steel Martensitic stainless steel Ferritic & austenitic stainless steel 6 hours 1 hour 6 hours 3 hours Not applicable 6 hours Dip test Dip test Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 5 m. 4 hours 4 hours Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 20 m. Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 5 m. 6 hours 4 hours 4 hours 1 hour 1 hour 6 hours Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 10 m. 8 hours 8 hours Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 20 m. Wet test not applicable Minimum thickness is 10 m. 24 hours 8 hours 8 hours 8 hours 8 hours 24 hours Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 15 m. 48 hours 48 hours Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 30 m. Wet test not applicable. Minimum thickness is 15 m. 72 hours 48 hours 48 hours 24 hours 24 hours 72 hours Gauge meter X-ray + AASS X-ray + AASS Gauge meter X-ray X-ray + NSS X-ray + AASS X-ray + AASS X-ray + dip test X-ray + dip test NSS, see section 4.2.1 1 hour 1 hour 1 hour 8 hours 8 hours 8 hours Not applicable (not UV-resistant) 24 hours 24 hours Gauge meter + dip test Gauge meter + dip test Gauge meter + dip test Service conditions Test method

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4.2

Corrosion requirements and test methods

Note: The surface on threads, for example screws, shall not be judged. This is valid for all test methods.

4.2.1 Neutral salt spray test


The neutral salt spray (NSS) test is used on all zinc coatings with a passivation post-treatment to measure coating protection. The test result is based on the appearance of white rust after the required test period. Base material corrosion is not allowed. The NSS test complies with ISO 9227. For antique treatments, the test result shall be based on the appearance of base material corrosion (RP 5) after the required test period. Test evaluation shall be performed according to the requirements in Table 4.2.1.
Table 4.2.1. NSS Service condition 1 3 5 NSS test period 6 hours 24 hours 72 hours Requirement According to ISO 10289 Rating RA 5 approved According to ISO 10289 Rating RA 5 approved According to ISO 10289 Rating RA 5 approved

4.2.2 Acetic acid salt spray test


The acetic acid salt spray (AASS) test is used on nickel, chromium, brass, copper, and tin plated products to evaluate the corrosion resistance. The test result is judged based on the appearance of base material corrosion after the required test period. The AASS test shall be performed according to ISO 9227. Test evaluation shall be performed according to the requirements in Table 4.2.2.
Table 4.2.2. AASS Service condition 1 3 5 AASS test period 4 hours 8 hours 48 hours Requirement According to ISO 10289 Rating RP 8 approved According to ISO 10289 Rating RP 8 approved According to ISO 10289 Rating RP 8 approved

4.2.3 Dip test


The dip test is used on all organic coated products and stainless steel. A scratch with a length of 30 mm and a width of 1 mm is created on coated products. In case of organic on top of inorganic, no scratching is needed during test. The dip test shall be performed according to ISO EN 8442-2, Annex C.

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Test evaluation shall be performed according to requirements given in Table 4.2.3: Table 4.2.3. Dip test Service condition Martensitic stainless steel Ferritic & austenitic stainless steel Dip test for coated surface Requirements on martensitic stainless steel Requirements on coated nonscratched surface and on ferritic & austenitic stainless steel No corrosion or oxidation allowed No corrosion or oxidation allowed Requirements on coated scratched surface

6 hour

1 hours

1 hour

According to section 7.1 in ISO 8442-2 According to section 7.1 in ISO 8442-2

No spread of corrosion allowed Maximum 5 mm spread of corrosion allowed in the scratch Maximum 5 mm spread of corrosion allowed in the scratch

6 hours

3 hours

8 hours

Not applicable

6 hours

24 hours

Not applicable

No corrosion or oxidation allowed

4.2.3.1 Evaluation of stainless steel in dip test


Martensitic stainless steel shall be tested and evaluated according to ISO 8442-2, Annex C. A crevice is a narrow gap between two pieces of metal, or tightly adhering material like metal sheet or wire joined together through for example welding, riveting etc (see Figure 1). The evaluation is based on: If no crevice, no indication of corrosion is allowed. If crevice, according to ISO 10289 rating RP 8 is approved.

Figure 1

4.2.4 Minimum thickness


Minimum thickness shall be measured on surfaces where a round shaped sphere with diameter 20 mm fits, as shown in Figure 2, or fixed measuring point according to drawing for a specific product.

Figure 2

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4.3

Corrosion and coating thickness test frequency

Corrosion and coating thickness tests on article level shall be carried out by the supplier as part of production control at a sufficient frequency to secure the requirements in this specification and/or in the TED. Process description and data from running production shall at any time upon request, be presented to IKEA. SD shall be updated and tests carried out every 12 months for each surface treatment type, e.g. zinc plating or powder coating, and always in case of: Changes in chemistry or process New product New supplier/sub-supplier Changes in specification/requirement

For further requirements concerning documentation, see section 5.

Documentation

Verifying tests shall be made at IKEA approved test laboratories. Contact IKEA for a list of approved laboratories. Test reports and self declarations shall, unless otherwise stated, be: renewed when the surface coating process are changed, e.g. change of coating system or application and drying method; in any case renewed within 12 months; in English; registered in the IKEA Connect database within four weeks of date of issue.6 Test reports shall, in addition to the test result, state a full identification of the tested sample. This information shall be provided to the laboratory in the test order. For test of complete IKEA article, the identification is: IKEA supplier number and name; Article number and name; Date stamp (or production date). For test of surface coating/covering sample, the identification is: Surface coating/covering producer, trade name and identification code; Surface coating/covering batch number or equivalent; How and where the sample was taken. And, if the TR/SD is for only one IKEA supplier: IKEA supplier number and name; Range name(s) of articles in which the surface coating/covering is used. When the IKEA supplier orders verifying tests, they shall inform the laboratory that IKEA has permission to receive copies of the test report from the laboratory. Documentation requirements do not apply to surfaces of the article which fulfil all the following criteria:
6

Constitute less than 2 % of the surface area of the product, Less than 5 dm2 of area, and

The supplier shall use Connect within three months from the date the supplier has received training in Connect. Meanwhile, any document not uploaded to Connect shall be retained by the supplier for at least 15 years. On request, the document shall be provided to IKEA, in English, by the next working day. IKEA of Sweden AB 2010 Page 19 (35)

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There is no specific demand in the TED for documentation of that particular component. Fittings, i.e. components on fitting list. Knobs and handles.

Note: This exception does not apply to:

IKEA supplier shall retain updated Safety Data Sheets (SDS) or Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) or equal information. SDS etc. do not have to be available in English, though upon request, an English translation of the composition part of the documentation shall be made available to IKEA. SDS etc. shall not be older than 5 years.

5.1

General certificate of conformity of CPSA/CPSIA

The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA 2008) of the USA requires that coatings on so-called furniture articles (see Appendix D) are tested to verify compliance with specified code of federal regulations (CFR). Test reports and self declarations verifying compliance with CPSIA 2008 shall be registered in the IKEA Connect database within four weeks from date of issue. However, in the case of registration of a valid paint test report from a paint supplier the four week time limit instead runs from the date the IKEA supplier receives the test report from the paint supplier. Table 5.1.1 describes which regulations apply to which kinds of products.
Table 5.1.1. USA regulation Regulation Name

Connect Subtype text

Section in IOS-MAT-0066

16 CFR 1303

Ban of lead-containing paint and certain consumer products bearing lead-containing paint

16 CFR 1303 Lead in paint/ coatings

1.1 Lead Appendix D

CPSIA 2008 requires that the documentation according to Table 5.1.1 shall be summarised in a General Certificate of Conformity. To enable automatic creation of a General Certificate of Conformity, specific to the product, the IKEA supplier shall: In Connect, fill in appropriate document information as normal. Under Document-content description, do the following: 1. Requirement source: Select CPSA/CPSIA 2. Sub-type: Select standard/regulation as stated in Table 5.1.1 3. Level: Select Complies, Does not comply, or N/A as appropriate 4. Click Add content description

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Definitions
Description Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Anodizing is the deposit of a thin film of oxide on for example aluminium to prevent air from reaching the base material. It is an electro-chemical coating for aluminium, hard, durable, and attractive. Anodized parts are highly resistant to corrosion. An organic solvent where the molecule contains only hydrogen and carbon and contains at least one aromatic ring. Bright chrome plating is a finishing treatment using an electrolytic deposition of chromium. The most common form of chrome plating is the thin, decorative bright chrome, which is a chrome layer over an underlying nickel plating. Chrome plating gives a good resistance to abrasion. On IKEA products only processes with trivalent (Cr-III) plating are allowed. An unpigmented surface coating product which consists of a mixture of binder, solvent and additives, which forms a transparent film after drying. Substances that according to European Union classification are: C: Carcinogenic substances classified as category 1 or 2 (risk phrases R45 or 49), or according to the CLP-regulation 1272/2008 Carc. 1A or 1B (hazard statements H350 or H350i); M: Mutagenic substances classified as category 1 or 2 (R46), or according to the CLP-regulation 1272/2008 Muta. 1B (hazard statement H340); R: Substances toxic to reproduction (reprotoxic) classified as category 1 or 2 (R60 or R61), or according to the CLP-regulation 1272/2008 Repr. 1A or 1B (hazard statements H360). These classifications are defined in the EU Directive 67/548/EEC or Regulation (EC) 1272/2008 on dangerous substances, and listed in the EU REACH regulation 1907/2006: Annex XVII, Point 28 (C), Annex XVII, Point 29 (M), Annex XVII, Point 30 (R). Note: Addition of CMR, vPvB, PBT and other SVHC substances for chemical synthesis does not count as addition if the original CMR, vPvB, PBT and other SVHC substance disappears (i.e. is chemically transformed) during a chemical manufacturing process. However, residues of the CMR, vPvB, PBT and other SVHC substance in the final coating component above 0.10 % are not allowed. A chemical product provided by e.g. the coating supplier to the coating applicator that is mixed with other coating components in order to make the ready-to-use coating mixture. For example: coating base, hardener, and thinner. Raw material or additive added to a coating component by the manufacturer of the coating component. A crevice is a narrow gap between two pieces of metal, or tightly adhering material like metal sheet or wire joined together through for example welding, riveting, etc. Electrophoretic deposition (ED) is a coating technique carried out in water and based on the mobility of charged particles in an electric field. Positively charged particles migrate towards a negative electrode, and negatively charged particles towards a positive electrode. It is often used when a thin and even coating is needed to protect all the areas of a metal surface, and is commonly used on complex shapes and designs like taps. Semi-solid paste consisting of pigment dispersed in a binder. Is applied on an uneven surface to make it smooth before painting/lacquering. Page 21 (35)

Term AAS Anodizing

Aromatic hydrocarbon solvent Chrome plating

Clear lacquer CMR substances

Coating component

Coating ingredient Crevice

ED coating

Filler (the term putty is also used) IKEA of Sweden AB 2010

Specification
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Term Glazing paint (lasur in German) Hardener

Spec. no: Date: Version no:

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Hot dip galvanized

ICP Inorganic coating

Liquid coating Metamerism Natural materials

Nickel plating

Organic coating Organic solvent Organotin compounds

Other SVHC (Substances of Very High Concern)

Paint Passivation/chromating

Description A transparent or semi-transparent paint, normally used on outdoor products, containing pigments with poor hiding power or small quantities of pigments to give a colour effect without concealing the base. Substance that causes, promotes, or regulates the formation of intermolecular bonds between polymer chains resulting in a threedimensional molecular network. Hot dip galvanizing is the process of coating iron or steel with a zinc layer, by passing the steel through a molten bath of zinc at a temperature of around 460 C. The process is often used after all mechanical manufacturing operations are finished and covers all areas of the product. Inductively Coupled Plasma Inorganic surface treatment predominantly (but not always) applied onto metal substrates, e.g. chrome plating, nickel plating, galvanizing, chromating, phosphatizing, and anodizing. See Surface coating. A phenomenon by which a pair of spectrally different samples may match under one illuminant but not under other lighting conditions. In this specification, this includes materials such as rattan, bamboo, straw, water hyacinth, willow as well as natural fibres such as banana fibres, cactus fibres, maize fibres, palm leaves, sisal, and sea grass. Linoleum also belongs to this category. An electroplating process is a common form of electrolytic deposition that is generally used as an undercoating for subsequent deposits of chromium. More layers of nickel can be added on top of each other and thereby create a better protection, depending on the demand. Coatings and coverings which have organic chemicals (e.g. monomers and polymer) as main ingredients. Any liquid volatile organic compound (VOC) used to dissolve other substances. A group of compounds composed of the metal tin covalently bonded with an organic (carbon-containing) molecule/radical, for instance butyl, octyl or phenyl. (These radicals are collectively known as alkyls and aryls.) The tin is in the tetravalent state - Sn (IV). Organotin compounds may also be known as tinorganic compounds. Each kind of organotin, e.g. dibutyltin (DBT), is actually several different substances. DBT, MBT, TBT, DOT etc are positive ions, cations, and they can have many different negative counter-ions (anions), e.g. chloride, oxide, laurate. The organotin substances that are included in the standard test are monobutylin, dibutyltin, tributyltin, tetrabutyltin, monooctyltin, dioctyltin, tricyclohexyltin, and triphenyltin. Substance having properties as defined in the EU REACH regulation, (EC) No. 1907/2006, Article 57(f) and listed in any candidate list published by the European Chemical Agency in accordance with REACH article 59. The word other refers to the fact that PBT and vPvB substances, as well as some CMR, also are classified by the EU as SVHC. See also note under CMR substances. A surface coating product which consists of a mixture of binder, pigments, solvent, and additives, which forms a non-transparent film after drying. Passivation or chromating treatment is a chemical conversion coating and it is particularly effective in delaying the formation of white corrosion on zinc coating and zinc alloys. Chromating is based on hexavalent (Cr-VI) chromium compound. Passivation is based on trivalent (Cr-III) chromium compound but can also be chromium-free. Page 22 (35)

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Term PBT substances

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Powder coating

Pre-galvanized

Pre-treatment PVD

Self Declaration (SD) Service condition

Stain Stenomeric acrylates

STOT SE STOT RE Substrate Surface coating

Surface covering

Technical Description (TED) Test Report (TR)

Description Substances that are Persistent (do not easily degrade in the environment), Bioaccumulating (easily increase in concentration in living organisms, especially in fatty tissues) and Toxic, as defined in the EU REACH regulation 1907/2006 REACH Art. 57(d) & Annex XIII(i) and listed in any candidate list published by the European Chemical Agency in accordance with REACH article 59. See also note under CMR substances. Powder coating is a type of dry coating, which is applied as a dry powder, after which the piece of work is heated so the powder fuses to a film and cures. The main difference between a conventional liquid paint and a powder coating is that the powder coating does not require a solvent to keep the binder and filler parts in a liquid suspension form. Pre-galvanizing is a form of continuous hot-dip galvanizing that is done already on the steel sheet (coil), i.e. before the final product is manufactured from the steel sheet. Pre-galvanized gives open cut edges after manufacturing. This will result in a more corrosion-sensitive product compared to hot dip galvanized. A treatment of the surface before application of coating or covering, e.g. degreasing, phosphatising, or use of adhesion promoter. Physical vapour deposition (PVD) is a variety of vacuum deposition and is a general term used to describe any of a variety of methods to deposit thin films by the condensation of a vaporized form of the material onto various surfaces. A declaration issued by supplier and sub-supplier (e.g. chemical or coating supplier) to confirm that a requirement is fulfilled. The service conditions define in which environment the product shall be used and function. IKEA has today 3+1 service conditions: Low (1), Medium (3), High (5), and Other (6). A more or less transparent solution of colorant in a solvent or water, designed for colouring of surfaces without fully covering them. So-called acrylic monomers with relatively low molecular weight and very narrow molecular weight distribution used in 100 % UV coatings, see also list in Guide to the classification and labelling of UV/EB acrylates, 3rd ed. 2007, published by Cefic European chemical industry council7. Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure Specific target organ toxicity - Repeated exposure A substrate is the basic/primary material used in the product. General term including paint, clear lacquer, glazing paint, stain, powder coating, printing ink, oil, wax, filler, and inorganic coatings. Liquid coating refers to the surface coating before drying, but does not include fillers and inorganic coatings. Generic term for foil, surface laminate, and edge band. Note: Surface coatings applied to the covering as part of its manufacture, before it is applied to the substrate, are not subject to the separate requirements for liquid coatings, except the lead test requirement (see Appendix D). Document listing the requirements of a specific IKEA article, including references to relevant specifications. A report of one or several tests performed by an IKEA approved laboratory.

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Term VOC content

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Volatile organic compound (VOC) vPvB substances

Description The mass of volatile organic compounds, expressed in grams/litre (g/l), in the formulation of the product in its ready to use condition. The mass of volatile organic compounds in a given product which react chemically during drying to form part of the coating shall not be considered part of the VOC content. Any organic compound having an initial boiling point less than or equal to 250 C measured at a standard pressure of 101.3 kPa. very Persistent, very Bioaccumulating substances, as defined in the EU REACH regulation 1907/2006 REACH Art. 57(e) & Annex XIII(ii) and listed in any candidate list published by the European Chemical Agency in accordance with REACH article 59. See also note under CMR substances. Durability of zinc provides anti-corrosion performance for e.g. steel. Zinc is a relatively reactive metal. The stable oxides formed on the zinc's surface determine its durability, and these oxides are formed progressively as the zinc is exposed to the atmosphere. These oxides are called white rust. Zinc plating is a galvanic treatment where zinc is deposited on for example steel. Zinc gives a cathodic protection but can only protect from minor damages and is over time used up through sacrificial corrosion protection and thereby loses the ability to give protection.

White rust

Zinc plating

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Appendix A: List of allowed biocides


List of allowed biocides and maximum allowed concentrations (limits) of biocides in liquid coatings and fillers. For mixtures of biocides, see Note below.
Biocides 1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one, (BIT) 1H-1,2,4-triazole,1-[[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3dioxolan-2-yl]methyl], (Propiconazole) 2,6-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-4-yl acetate 2-Bromo-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, (Bronopol) 2-Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, (MIT) 2-Pyridinethiol-1-oxide, sodium salt, (Sodium pyrithione) 3-Iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate, (IPBC) 5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one mixed with 2-Methyl-4isothiazolin-3-one (3:1), (CMIT:MIT 3:1) 5-Hydroxypoly [methyleneoxy] methyl-1-aza-3,7-dioxabicyclo [3.3.0] octane and others (Mixture of bicyclic oxazolidines) Benzoic acid, sodium salt, (Sodium benzoate) Biphenyl-2-ol, (2-Phenyl phenol) Sodium-2-biphenylate Diphosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene), tetrapotassium salt Hexahydro-1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)-S-triazine Methanesulfenamide, 1,1-dichloro-N-[(dimethyl-amino)sulfonyl]-1fluoro-N-(4-methylphenyl), (Tolylfluanide) Methanesulfenamide, 1,1-dichloro-N-[(dimethyl-amino)sulfonyl]-1fluoro-N-phenyl, (Dichlofluanide) Octyl isothiazolinone, (OIT) Parabens (e.g. benzylparaben, methylparaben, ethylparaben, propylparaben) Salicylanilide Sodium nitrite Terbutryn Tetrahydro-3,5-dimethyl-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thione, (Dazomet) Copolymer of 2-propenal and propane-1,2-diol N-Dodecylguanidine hydrochloride 2,2'-dithiobis[N-methylbenzamide] a) b) CAS no. 2634-33-5 60207-90-1 828-00-2 52-51-7 2682-20-4 3811-73-2 55406-53-6 55965-84-9 56709-13-8 532-32-1 90-43-7 132-27-4 14860-53-8 4719-04-4 731-27-1 1085-98-9 26530-20-1 94-18-8, 99-76-3 120-47-8, 94-13-3, and 94-26-8 87-17-2 7632-00-0 886-50-0 533-74-4 191546-07-3 13590-97-1 2527-58-4 Max. allowed conc. (%) 0.05 1a 1 0.5 0.1 1 1a / 0.1b 0.0015 0.25 1 1 1 1 0.1 0.1a 0.1a 0.05 0.8 0.25 0.5 1 1 0.1 0.5 0.25

only for treatment of products in permanent outdoor use, shall not be used on other products. only for treatment of natural fibre products, shall not be used on other products.

Note: Mixtures of biocides (weighted sum of biocide concentrations). If only one biocide is present, its concentration may not exceed 100 % of the limit given in the table. If several biocides are present, then the weighted sum is equivalent to the sum of each biocides percentage of its limit. For example, if two biocides are present at 40 % of their limit, the weighted sum is still below the limit, whereas if two biocides are present at 60 % of their limit, then the weighted sum is exceeded. Mathematically, this can be expressed as: Ca/Cal + Cb/Cbl + Cc/Ccl + ... 1 (if > 1 then the weighted limit is exceeded) where Ca stands for the concentration of biocide a and Cal stands for the limit for biocide a

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Appendix B: Test methods for surface resistance deviations and comments


For further information, see respective table in section 2.1. Section Test method Comments Table 2.1.A Table Table Table Table Table 2.1.A 2.1.D 2.1.E 2.1.G 2.1.H EN 12720 EN 12720 EN 12721 EN 12722 At least two identical tests shall be carried out. IKEA deviation: The test surface shall be cleaned prior to the conditioning period starts by lightly wiping it with a cleaning cloth soaked first in cleansing solution and then only water.

Table 2.1.G Table 2.1.G Table 2.1.H

EN 438-2:2005 ISO 4211-4 EN 12720

See EN 438-2:2005, section 10: Resistance to surface wear. IKEA deviation: Only 50 mm drop height is used. Perspiration, alkaline, and acid solution, prepared according to EN ISO 105-E04, section 4.3 and 4.4.

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Appendix C: Surface coating/covering declaration of chemical substances by surface coating/covering supplier


Trade name and article no. of coating / covering product Type of productA Type of surface coatingB or coveringC Type of coating binderD

Note: For coverings (foils, surface laminates, and edge bands), declaration shall be made only for the final covering product as delivered to the IKEA supplier (or the equivalent producer applying the covering). A) Type of product: e.g. filler, primer, base coat, top coat, foil, surface laminate, edge band. B) Specify type of surface coating: for example water-borne UV coating, 100% UV coating, water-borne coating, solvent-borne coating, 2-pack polyurethane coating, powder coating, printing ink, oil treatment, wax treatment, metal surface treatment (specify), other treatment (specify). C) Specify type of surface covering: ABS foil, PET foil, melamine paper, PE foil, PMMA foil, PP foil, PS foil, PU foil, styrene/acrylonitrile foil, UF-impregnated paper, paper foil, metal foil, melamine laminate, ABS edge band, melamine edge band, PE edge band, PP edge band, other (specify). D) Specify type of coating binder (including coating binders used in the manufacturing of surface coverings): acrylic, alkyd resin, epoxy/polyester mix, nitrocellulose, polyester, polyurethane, polyurethane/acrylic, other (specify). Hereby we, the surface coating/covering supplier, certify that the above surface coating(s)/covering(s) fulfils the following specific requirements regarding the chemical content stated in IOS-MAT-0066 (AA-163938-7):
Please complete the declaration below for each of the coating/covering systems components listed above. For each requirement check either "fulfils" or "not applicable". Requirements8 CMR substances PBT and vPvB substances Other SVHC Heavy metal migration
8 9

Type of surface coating/covering: Refers to all substrates All types of surface coatings/coverings, thinners and pre-treatment All types of surface coatings/coverings, thinners and pre-treatment All types of surface coatings/coverings, thinner and pre-treatment All types of surface coatings/coverings

Fulfils

Not applicable9

See IOS-MAT-0066, section 1 for specific information on each requirement. Not applicable shall only be filled in if the coating product being declared is not in the scope of the requirement (type of surface coating/covering and intended substrate). IKEA of Sweden AB 2010 Page 27 (35)

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Requirements8 Cadmium Lead10

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Type of surface coating/covering: Refers to all substrates All types of surface coatings/coverings All types of surface coatings/coverings Fulfils

Fulfils

Not applicable9

PerNot applicable9 mission required12

Biocides

11

Liquid coatings and fillers (any use) Liquid coatings and fillers (for natural fibre substrates) Liquid coatings and fillers (for products in permanent outdoor use) Fulfils Not applicable9

Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents

Chlorinated hydrocarbon compounds 2-ethoxy ethanol and 2-ethoxy ethylacetate Dimethylformamide Organotin compounds TDI and HDI monomers Alkylphenol ethoxylates Phthalates Toxic ingredients Stenomeric acrylates incl. acrylic acid Xn- and C-classified preparations TGIC PVC Elemental chlorine bleaching

Liquid coatings, hardeners, thinners and solvents for pre-treatment, cleaning/ degreasing Liquid coatings, thinners and solvents for pre-treatment, cleaning/ degreasing Liquid coatings and thinners Liquid coatings and thinners Liquid coatings and fillers Isocyanate-contain. liq. coat./hardeners Liquid coatings and fillers Liquid coatings and fillers UV coating, including printing inks UV coating, including printing inks UV coating, including printing inks Powder coatings Surface coverings Surface coverings

10

A test report shall also be presented by the IKEA supplier for IKEA articles according to Appendix D. The TR may be replaced by tests of lead by the coating supplier in coating products that are identical in all material respects to those used in production of the furniture article, see Appendix D. Test reports from these tests of lead in coating products shall be handed over by the coating supplier to the IKEA supplier for registration in the IKEA Connect database, see section 5.1 in IOS-MAT-0066. 11 Often, only one box, in only one row, needs to be filled in. (If the coating fulfils for any use, then it automatically fulfils for the specific uses; if it fulfils for natural fibre substrates, then it automatically fulfils for permanent outdoor use.) 12 For biocides not appearing in IOS-MAT-0066, Appendix A, or if the weighted sum of a biocide mixture is greater than 1, special permission is required. Go to Table C1. IKEA of Sweden AB 2010 Page 28 (35)

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Requirements8

Type of surface coating/covering: Refers to wood & natural material substrates All types of surface coatings Unsaturated polyester coatings UV coatings Fulfils

Fulfils

Not applicable9

Formaldehyde requirements for coatings Styrene, vinyltoluene monomers/ peroxides Residual free monomers13

14

Does not fulfil (exception)15

Not applicable9

Organic solvent

Liquid coatings, fillers and thinners

Requirements8 Cadmium Chrome-VI Chrome-VI Requirements8 Chlorinated paraffins Chrome-VI

Type of surface coating/covering: Refers to metal substrates Hot dip galvanizing Chrome-plated metals Chromating and anodizing Type of surface coating/covering: Refers to plastic substrates Pre-treatment Chrome-plated plastics including pre-treatment

Fulfils

Not applicable9

Fulfils

Not applicable9

In addition to this SD, the IKEA supplier shall present a test report for all UV coatings except for waterborne UV coatings (see also IOS-MAT-0066, Note 4 on page 9). 14 This requirement refers to the final product after curing. Fulfils means for coating supplier that the coating product shall be able to fulfil this requirement under normal operating conditions when coating suppliers instructions are followed. And for IKEA supplier (or coating applicator) it means that the application process shall have sufficient process control to secure fulfilment of this requirement. 15 After approval by IKEA, the coating applicator can have an exception to this requirement, if they have VOC exhaust reduction and fulfil an emission limit of maximum 15 % of total solvent input. Note that SD for coatings with this exception shall not be combined with SD for other coatings. IKEA of Sweden AB 2010 Page 29 (35)

13

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Table C1. Special permission needed from IKEA (biocides) Trading name and article no. of coating product Biocide in the coating product CAS no. Weight percentage (%)

Table C1 shall be filled in for biocides not appearing in Appendix A, and in cases where the weighted sum of a biocide mixture is greater than 1. Note that in both these cases all biocides in the coating or filler shall be listed. The information in this table shall be used as a basis for the IKEA suppliers application to IKEA for permission for the use of biocides in the coating. Safety data sheets and technical data sheets for the surface coating products specified in this declaration have been handed over to the IKEA supplier (or the equivalent producer applying the coating/covering). This declaration is only valid on condition that these products are used according to process instructions established by us, the surface coating/covering supplier.
Company name of surface coating/covering supplier:

Address and phone no.: Place and date: Name and signature: Valid for delivery to the following IKEA supplier (or the equivalent producer applying the coating/covering):

We, the IKEA supplier (or the equivalent producer applying the coating/covering), confirm that we are well informed about instructions for use of the above mentioned coating/covering products and that we fully follow these instructions for IKEA products.
Name of IKEA supplier (or the equivalent producer applying the coating/covering): Address and phone no.: Place and date: Name and signature:

Supplier no:

IKEA of Sweden AB 2010

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Specification
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Appendix D: Lead test requirement according to 16 CFR, Part 1303 (USA)


Definition of furniture article
The definition in the US legislation (16 CFR, Part 1303) is:

Furniture article means those movable articles: (i) Used to support people or things; (ii) other functional or decorative furniture articles, including, but not limited to, products such as beds, bookcases, chairs, chests, tables, dressers, desks, pianos, console televisions, and sofas. The term furniture article does not include appliances, such as [cooking] ranges, refrigerators, dishwashers, clothes washers and dryers, air conditioners, humidifiers, and dehumidifiers; fixtures such as bathroom fixtures, built-in cabinets, chandeliers, windows, and doors; or household items such as window shades, venetian blinds, or wall hangings and draperies. The definition of furniture is thus regardless of type of material. For IKEA, furniture includes movable items such as: All products used to sit on, seating furniture (except loose cushions sold separately), All beds and mattresses (e.g. coating on a zipper), Non-built-in cabinets and wardrobes, chest of drawer, larger chests for storage, Bookcases, bookshelves including loose shelves and shelf brackets, Tables and desks, and Separate components that the IKEA customer will mount onto furniture, such as draw knobs and caster sets.

Whereas the following are not included as furniture: Mirrors, Picture frames, Small storage boxes (roughly a box that average person could comfortably lift with one hand when it is full), Laundry bag (e.g. with coated metal frame), ironing boards, Purely decorative items, e.g. bowls, Bathroom fixtures, Built-in cabinets and wardrobes, kitchen fronts, Flooring, Waste bins, Curtain rod sets, roller blinds, and Lighting.

In case of uncertainty regarding the definition of Furniture article, IKEA shall be contacted.

IKEA of Sweden AB 2010

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Definition of materials included in solid film


This term corresponds to the 16 CFR, Part 1303 term paint and other similar surface-coating materials. In the scope of IOS-MAT-0066 this includes the following: Organic coatings, i.e. coatings which have organic chemicals (polymer etc) as main component, such as paint, clear lacquer, glazing paint, powder coating, wax, and filler (i.e. surface coatings according to IOS-MAT-0066 except oil and inorganic coatings). Surface coatings applied on coverings (i.e. foil, surface laminate or edge band) as part of the manufacturing of covering, e.g. paint or lacquer on finish foil, or coating on printed foil. Most foils except melamine foil and PMMA foil can be coated, so all foils except melamine and PMMA should be sent to the approved test laboratory for their assessment if it has a coating or not unless it is clear that a foil does not have coating. Printing on plastic that is separable from the substrate with a razor blade.

Examples of materials not included in solid film


In order to clarify the limits of what is considered as solid film, here are some materials which IKEA does not consider to be covered by the test requirements on solid film: Wood treatment oil which penetrates into the substrate. Printing on paper, cardboard, any print that cannot be removed with the help of a razor blade. Melamine and PMMA foils are normally not coated. Electroplating and other inorganic coatings.

As indicated above, in unclear cases a practical rough-and-ready rule is: if the coating can be scraped off with a razor blade, then it is a solid film in the scope of 16 CFR, Part 1303. If it cannot be separated from the substrate in this way with a razor blade, it is not in the scope. In case of uncertainty, borderline case, send the product to an approved test laboratory and they can determine if it is included in the 16 CFR, Part 1303 definition of paint and other similar surface coating materials.

Exception for non-accessible parts


The requirement to test for lead in solid films applies to any accessible parts, but not for parts which are non-accessible. Within the scope of IOS-MAT-0066 this accessibility is defined as follows: On the surface of the article or if you can reach it by poking into the assembled article with a probe with the dimension of a childs finger (approximately 5 cm long) (ASTM F 963, Toys). The above criteria also apply to the article after US standard use and abuse test have been applied, i.e. if the article can reasonably break (16 CFR 1500.50).

Surface coating testing by paint supplier conditions and requirements


Generally (1) All testing must be performed on dry paint that is scraped off of a substrate for testing. (2) The tested paint is identical in all material respects to that used in production of the consumer product (furniture article). The paint samples to be tested must have the same composition as the paint used on the final product. However, a larger quantity of the paint may be tested than is used on the consumer product, in order to generate a sufficient sample size. The paint may be supplied to an IKEA-approved test laboratory either in liquid form or in the form of a dried film of the paint on any suitable substrate.

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(3) Documentation required by a testing party shall identify each paint tested by colour, location, specification number or other characteristic, the manufacturer of the paint, and the supplier of the paint (if different), tests performed, test method used, test date, and test results. (4) The substrate used need not be of the same material as in the finished product or have the same shape or other characteristics as the part of the finished product to which the paint will be applied. Paint certificate A certifier shall base its certification on testing of each paint system used on a furniture article by testing at an IKEA-approved test laboratory. One test is sufficient also for a paint system applied onto a surface consisting of more than one layer, e.g. stain, base coat and top coat. Traceability Any person who certifies a product as complying with the lead paint limit, or other paint limit, should be able to trace each batch or lot of paint that is used on the product to the paint manufacturer. Contamination subsequent to testing The furniture article manufacturer shall ensure that paint meeting the applicable limits when tested and certified is not later contaminated with lead from other sources before or during application to the product.

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Specification
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Appendix E: References
Table E1. References related to specification Related standards 16 CFR, Part 1303 (USA) ASTM D 2369 ASTM F 963 CPSC-CH-E1003 EC 1272/2008 Name Ban of lead-containing paint and certain consumer products bearing leadcontaining paint Standard test method for volatile content of coatings Standard consumer safety specification for toy safety Standard operating procedure for determining lead (Pb) in paint and other similar surface coatings Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labelling and packaging (CLP) of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 December 2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH), establishing a European Chemicals Agency, amending Directive 1999/45/EC and repealing Council Regulation (EEC) No 793/93 and Commission Regulation (EC) No 1488/94 as well as Council Directive 76/769/EEC and Commission Directives 91/155/EEC, 93/67/EEC, 93/105/EC and 2000/21/EC Criteria for the identification of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances, and very persistent and very bioaccumulative substances (persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances (PBT-substances)) Criteria for the identification of persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances, and very persistent and very bioaccumulative substances (very persistent and very bioaccumulative substances (vPvB-substances)) Substances to be included in Annex XIV; Substances which are persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic in accordance with the criteria set out in Annex XIII of this Regulation Substances to be included in Annex XIV; Substances such as those having endocrine disrupting properties or those having persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic properties or very persistent and very bioaccumulative properties, which do not fulfil the criteria of points (d) or (e) for which there is scientific evidence of probable serious effects to human health or the environment which give rise to an equivalent level of concern to those of other substances listed in points (a) to (e) and which are identified on a case-by-case basis in accordance with the procedure set out in Article 59. Council Directive 1999/13/EC of 11 March 1999 on the limitation of emissions of volatile organic compounds due to the use of organic solvents in certain activities and installations Solvent management plan Council Directive 67/548/EEC of 27 June 1967 on the approximation of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances Dangerous substances directive List of dangerous substances Furniture - Assessment of surface resistance to cold liquids Furniture - Assessment of surface resistance to wet heat Furniture - Assessment of surface resistance to dry heat High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (Usually called Laminates) - Part 2: Determination of properties Page 34 (35)

EC 1907/2006

- Annex XIII(i)

- Annex XIII(ii)

- Art. 57(d)

- Art. 57(f)

EC 1999/13

- Annex III EC 1999/45

EC 67/548 - Annex I EN 12720 EN 12721 EN 12722 EN 438-2:2005

IKEA of Sweden AB 2010

Specification
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Table E1. References related to specification Related standards EN 71-3 EN 717-2 ISO 11890-2 ISO 105-E04 IEC 62321 Name

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Safety of toys Part 3: Migration of certain elements Wood-based panels - Determination of formaldehyde release - Part 2: Formaldehyde release by the gas analysis method Paints and varnishes - Determination of volatile organic compound (VOC) content - Part 2: Gas-chromatographic method Textiles -- Tests for colour fastness -- Part E04: Colour fastness to perspiration Electrotechnical products - Determination of levels of six regulated substances (lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers) Furniture -- Tests for surfaces -- Part 4: Assessment of resistance to impact Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2006) Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs- Cutlery and table holloware - Part 2: Requirements for stainless steel and silver-plated cutlery (ISO 8442-2:1997) Test method for corrosion resistance of unplated stainless steel cutlery Methods for corrosion testing of metallic and other inorganic coatings on metallic substrates - Rating of test specimens and manufactured articles subjected to corrosion tests

ISO 4211-4 ISO 9227 ISO 8442-2

- Annex C ISO 10289

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