Table of contents CHAPTER NO. Title page Declaration of the student Certificate of the guide Abstract Acknowledgement 1.

INTRODUCTION
1.1 OVERVIEW 1.2 BASIC CONCEPT 1.3 COMPONENTS USED 1.4 ADVANTAGES 1.5 TECHNOLOGY USED 1.6 WORKING

TITLE

PAGE NO. i ii iii iv v 3

3 4 5 7 8 9

2.

INTRODUCTION TO OPAMP 3130, 555 TIMER IC, 4017 DECADE COUNTER

2.1 OPAMP INTRODUCTION 2.2 OPAMP 3130 2.2.1 APPLICATIONS 2.2.2 PIN DESCRIPTION 2.3 555 TIMER 2.3.1 APPLICATIONS 2.3.2 PIN DESCRIPTION

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10 23 23 25 27 28 29

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2.4

4017 DECADE COUNTER

31 32 33 35

2.4.1 APPLICATIONS 2.4.2 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 2.4.3 TIMING DIAGRAM FOR DECADE COUNTER

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
3.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 3.2 WORKING OF CIRCUIT

36
36 37

APPENDICES REFERENCE

40 41

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1OVERVIEW In this project we are making a cell phone detector which detects the incoming signals to a mobile phone. These equipments have excelled in their functioning and are steadily catching the bus of the most effective electronic gadgets. Designed and developed with a technically safe and sound cell phone detector circuit, a cell phone detector comes in handy when you want to track the existence of a mobile in the vicinity. A cell phone motion detector on the other hand, is of great assistance in keeping the intruders at bay. In the subsequent note, this device have been describe in detail. A cell phone detector is devised to sense the activities such as texting, calling, SMS and MMS, being carried out in a cell phone within a specified range. It is an easy to use handy mobile device, sometimes also called as sniffer or pocket-size mobile transmission detector. A number of phone detector manufacturing companies have sprouted in the industry, each offering some or the other exceptional features in their products. You can choose the one as per your own requirements.

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1.2 BASIC CONCEPT

In this project we design a cell phone detector based on an opamp , 555 timer and 4017 decade counter IC. Supply voltage of circuit is around 20 volts dc. When any person uses the cell phone then sensors detects signal automatically and op- amp provides a signal to led and buzzer. A cell phone detector can sense the presence of an activated cell phone within the range of around one and a half metres. The cell phone detector circuit has been designed to perfection so that it may be able to track the appearance of a mobile phone and all its activities, including SMS, video transmissions, incoming calls as well as outgoing calls. The device is quiet capable to function properly even if the cell phone under surveillance is on silent mode. As soon as the detector senses the RF transmission signals from a phone located somewhere in its vicinity, it starts raising a beep alarm which continues till the signal transmission is not ceased.

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1.3COMPONENTS USED

HARDWARE REQURIED

Decade counter 4017 Power supply (20 v) Led 555 Counter

Opamp 3130

555 timer

Piezo buzzer

Inductive coil On/off switch

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PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD For fixing all the electronics components used

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1.4ADVANTAGES Each of the cell phone detectors have been devised to serve distinct purposes at home, in schools and colleges and other places. Some of their uses are mentioned below:

A cell phone detector could be used by school and college administrations to track certain non-permissible activities by the students in the classroom, mostly during tests and examinations. The students often leverage the capabilities of their highly functional cell phones to transfer the academic notes through calls, SMS, MMS and in other forms. With the help of the specialized cell phone detector circuit, this device detects the transmission of any such data between the cell phones kept within a specified range.

At places where the cell phones are not allowed at all, a cell phone detector once again is of much use. It could easily sense the presence of a mobile phone inside the restricted area, being carried either intentionally or intentionally. The places under consideration could be examination halls, conference rooms, operation theaters, police stations and more. The company owners and entrepreneurs can also use the cell phone detector to help them track the activities being performed in the cell phones of their employees. This could help them to know if there is some illegal transfer of sensitive data to and from the company premises in the form of text, image, audio or video files being transmitted via cell phones. The detector device being incorporated in the cell phone takes care of that significantly.

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1.5 TECHNOLOGY USED

The circuit is basically an RF detector. During the activation of mobile phone, strong RF field will be generated. The sensor coil L detects the RF signals and T1 amplifies the signals. The amplified signals are given to the clock input of IC1. CD 4017 is a Johnson decade counter IC with 10 outputs. Its clock input pin 14 is highly sensitive to RF pulses so that it is a very good choice for RF detection. Only two outputs (Q1 andQ2) of the IC are used while the Q3output is tied to the reset pin 15 so that IC will reset on every third pulse. This will repeat the activation of LED and Buzzer. When the sensor detects the RF signal, clock input of IC1 gets pulses and its output pins 2 and 4 becomes high and low alternately giving flashing lights and beeps. The coil used in the circuit is a ready made inductor.Buzzer used is a small piezo buzzer.

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1.6 WORKING

A cell phone detector can sense the presence of an activated cell phone within the range of around one and a half metres.

Device is quiet capable to function properly even if the cell phone under surveillance is on silent mode.

As the detector senses the RF transmission signals from a phone located somewhere in its vicinity, it starts raising a beep alarm which continues till the signal transmission is not ceased.

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2. INTRODUCTION TO OPAMP 3130, 555 TIMER, 4017 DECADE COUNTER

2.1 OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER(OPAMPS)

An operational amplifier ("op-amp") is a DC-coupled highgain electronic voltage amplifier with a differential input and, usually, a single-ended output. An op-amp produces an output voltage that is typically hundreds of thousands times larger than the voltage difference between its input terminals. Operational amplifiers are important building blocks for a wide range of electronic circuits. They had their origins in analog computers where they were used in many linear, non-linear and frequency-dependent circuits. Their popularity in circuit design largely stems from the fact that characteristics of the final op-amp circuits with negative feedback (such as their gain) are set by external components with little dependence on temperature changes and manufacturing variations in the op-amp itself. Op-amps are among the most widely used electronic devices today, being used in a vast array of consumer, industrial, and scientific devices. Many standard IC op-amps cost only a few cents in moderate production volume; however some integrated or hybrid operational amplifiers with special performance specifications may cost over $100 US in small quantities. Op-amps may be packaged as components, or used as elements of more complex integrated circuits. The op-amp is one type of differential amplifier. Other types of differential amplifier include the fully differential amplifier (similar to the op-amp, but with two outputs), the instrumentation amplifier (usually
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built from three op-amps), the isolation amplifier (similar to the instrumentation amplifier, but with tolerance to common-mode voltages that would destroy an ordinary op-amp), and negative feedback amplifier (usually built from one or more op-amps and a resistive feedback network).

Circuit notation

The circuit symbol for an op-amp is shown

V+: non-inverting input V: inverting input Vout: output VS+: positive power supply VS: negative power supply

The power supply pins (VS+ and VS) can be labeled in different ways. Despite different labeling, the function remains the same to provide additional power for amplification of the signal. Often these pins are left out of the diagram for clarity, and the power configuration is described or assumed from the circuit.

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Operation

An op-amp without negative feedback (a comparator) The amplifier's differential inputs consist of a V+ input and a V input, and ideally the op-amp amplifies only the difference in voltage between the two, which is called the differential input voltage. The output voltage of the op-amp is given by the equation,

where V+ is the voltage at the non-inverting terminal, V is the voltage at the inverting terminal and AOL is the open-loop gain of the amplifier (the term "open-loop" refers to the absence of a feedback loop from the output to the input). The magnitude of AOL is typically very large10,000 or more for integrated circuit op-ampsand therefore even a quite small difference between V+ and V drives the amplifier output nearly to the supply voltage. This is called saturation of the amplifier. The magnitude of AOL is not well controlled by the manufacturing process, and so it is impractical to use an operational amplifier as a stand-alone differential amplifier. Without negative feedback, and perhaps with positive feedback for regeneration, an op-amp acts as a comparator. If the inverting input is held at ground (0 V) directly or by a resistor, and the input voltage Vin applied to the non-inverting input is positive, the output will be maximum positive; if Vin is
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negative, the output will be maximum negative. Since there is no feedback from the output to either input, this is an open loop circuit acting as a comparator. The circuit's gain is just the AOL< of the opamp.

An op-amp with negative feedback (a non-inverting amplifier) If predictable operation is desired, negative feedback is used, by applying a portion of the output voltage to the inverting input. The closed loop feedback greatly reduces the gain of the amplifier. If negative feedback is used, the circuit's overall gain and other parameters become determined more by the feedback network than by the op-amp itself. If the feedback network is made of components with relatively constant, stable values, the unpredictability and inconstancy of the op-amp's parameters do not seriously affect the circuit's performance. Typically the op-amp's very large gain is controlled by negative feedback, which largely determines the magnitude of its output ("closed-loop") voltage gain in amplifier applications, or the transfer function required (in analog computers). High input impedance at the input terminals and low output impedance at the output terminal(s) are important typical characteristics. For example, in a non-inverting amplifier (see the figure on the right) adding a negative feedback via the voltage divider Rf,Rg reduces the
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gain. Equilibrium will be established when Vout is just sufficient to reach around and "pull" the inverting input to the same voltage as Vin. The voltage gain of the entire circuit is determined by 1 + Rf/Rg. As a simple example, if Vin = 1V and Rf = Rg, Vout will be 2V, the amount required to keep V at 1V. Because of the feedback provided by Rf,Rg this is a closed loop circuit. Its overall gain Vout / Vin is called theclosed-loop gain ACL. Because the feedback is negative, in this case ACL is less than the AOL of the op-amp. Op-amp characteristics Ideal op-amps

An equivalent circuit of an operational amplifier that models some resistive non-ideal parameters. An ideal op-amp is usually considered to have the following properties, and they are considered to hold for all input voltages:

Infinite open-loop gain (when doing theoretical analysis, Infinite voltage range available at the output (vout) (in and ). The power supply sources are

a limit may be taken as open loop gain AOL goes to infinity).

practice the voltages available from the output are limited by the supply voltages called rails.

Infinite bandwidth (i.e., the frequency magnitude response is

considered to be flat everywhere with zero phase shift).

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Infinite input impedance (so, in the diagram, to ). Zero input current (i.e., there is assumed to be

, and

zero current flows from

no leakage or bias current into the device).

Zero input offset voltage (i.e., when the input terminals are , the output is a virtual ground or vout = 0). Infinite slew rate (i.e., the rate of change of the output

shorted so that

voltage is unbounded) and power bandwidth (full output voltage and current available at all frequencies).

Zero output impedance (i.e., Rout = 0, so that output voltage Zero noise. Infinite Common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR). Infinite Power supply rejection ratio for both power supply

does not vary with output current).

rails. These ideals can be summarized by the two "golden rules": I. The output attempts to do whatever is necessary to make the voltage difference between the inputs zero. II. The inputs draw no current. The first rule only applies in the usual case where the op-amp is used in a closed-loop design (negative feedback, where there is a signal path of some sort feeding back from the output to the inverting input). These rules are commonly used as a good first approximation for analyzing or designing op-amp circuits. In practice, none of these ideals can be perfectly realized, and various shortcomings and compromises have to be accepted. Depending on the parameters of interest, a real op-amp may be
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modeled to take account of some of the non-infinite or nonzero parameters using equivalent resistors and capacitors in the op-amp model. The designer can then include the effects of these undesirable, but real, effects into the overall performance of the final circuit. Some parameters may turn out to have negligible effect on the final design while others represent actual limitations of the final performance, that must be evaluated. Real op-amps Real op-amps differ from the ideal model in various respects. DC imperfections Real operational amplifiers suffer from several non-ideal effects: Finite gain Open-loop gain is infinite in the ideal operational amplifier but finite in real operational amplifiers. Typical devices exhibit openloop DC gain ranging from 100,000 to over 1 million. So long as the loop gain (i.e., the product of open-loop and feedback gains) is very large, the circuit gain will be determined entirely by the amount of negative feedback (i.e., it will be independent of openloop gain). In cases where closed-loop gain must be very high, the feedback gain will be very low, and the low feedback gain causes low loop gain; in these cases, the operational amplifier will cease to behave ideally.

Finite input impedances

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The differential input impedance of the operational amplifier is defined as the impedance between its two inputs; the commonmode input impedance is the impedance from each input to ground. MOSFET-input operational amplifiers often have protection circuits that effectively short circuit any input differences greater than a small threshold, so the input impedance can appear to be very low in some tests. However, as long as these operational amplifiers are used in a typical high-gain negative feedback application, these protection circuits will be inactive. The input bias and leakage currents described below are a more important design parameter for typical operational amplifier applications.

Non-zero output impedance

Low output impedance is important for low-impedance loads; for these loads, the voltage drop across the output impedance of the amplifier will be significant. Hence, the output impedance of the amplifier limits the maximum power that can be provided. In configurations with a voltage-sensing negative feedback, the output impedance of the amplifier is effectively lowered; thus, in linear applications, op-amps usually exhibit a very low output impedance indeed. Negative feedback can not, however, reduce the limitations that Rload in conjunction with Rout place on the maximum and minimum possible output voltages; it can only reduce output errors within that range.

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Low-impedance outputs typically require high quiescent (i.e., idle) current in the output stage and will dissipate more power, so lowpower designs may purposely sacrifice low output impedance.

Input current Due to biasing requirements or leakage, a small amount of current (typically ~10 nanoamperes for bipolar op-amps, tens of picoamperes for JFET input stages, and only a few pA for MOSFET input stages) flows into the inputs. When large resistors or sources with high output impedances are used in the circuit, these small currents can produce large unmodeled voltage drops. If the input currents are matched, and the impedance looking out of both inputs are matched, then the voltages produced at each input will be equal. Because the operational amplifier operates on the difference between its inputs, these matched voltages will have no effect (unless the operational amplifier has poor CMRR, which is described below). It is more common for the input currents (or the impedances looking out of each input) to be slightly mismatched, and so a small offset voltage (different from the input offset voltage below) can be produced. This offset voltage can create offsets or drifting in the operational amplifier. It can often be nulled externally; however, many operational amplifiers include offset null or balance pins and some procedure for using them to remove this offset. Some operational amplifiers attempt to nullify this offset automatically.
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Input offset voltage

This voltage, which is what is required across the op-amp's input terminals to drive the output voltage to zero, is related to the mismatches in input bias current. In the perfect amplifier, there would be no input offset voltage. However, it exists in actual opamps because of imperfections in the differential amplifier that constitutes the input stage of the vast majority of these devices. Input offset voltage creates two problems: First, due to the amplifier's high voltage gain, it virtually assures that the amplifier output will go into saturation if it is operated without negative feedback, even when the input terminals are wired together. Second, in a closed loop, negative feedback configuration, the input offset voltage is amplified along with the signal and this may pose a problem if high precision DC amplification is required or if the input signal is very small.

Common-mode gain A perfect operational amplifier amplifies only the voltage difference between its two inputs, completely rejecting all voltages that are common to both. However, the differential input stage of an operational amplifier is never perfect, leading to the amplification of these identical voltages to some degree. The standard measure of this defect is called the common-mode rejection ratio (denoted CMRR). Minimization of common mode

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gain is usually important in non-inverting amplifiers (described below) that operate at high amplification.

Output sink current The output sink current is maximum current allowed to sink into the output stage. Some manufacturers show the output voltage vs. the output sink current plot, which gives an idea of the output voltage when it is sinking current from another source into the output pin.

Temperature effects All parameters change with temperature. Temperature drift of the input offset voltage is especially important.

Power-supply rejection The output of a perfect operational amplifier will be completely independent from ripples that arrive on its power supply inputs. Every real operational amplifier has a specified power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) that reflects how well the op-amp can reject changes in its supply voltage. Copious use of bypass capacitors can improve the PSRR of many devices, including the operational amplifier.

Drift Real op-amp parameters are subject to slow change over time and with changes in temperature, input conditions, etc.

Noise
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Amplifiers generate random voltage at the output even when there is no signal applied. This can be due to thermal noise and flicker noise of the devices. For applications with high gain or high bandwidth, noise becomes a very important consideration.

AC imperfections The op-amp gain calculated at DC does not apply at higher frequencies. Thus, for high-speed operation, more sophisticated considerations must be used in an op-amp circuit design.

Finite bandwidth All amplifiers have finite bandwidth. To a first approximation, the op-amp has the frequency response of an integrator with gain. That is, the gain of a typical op-amp is inversely proportional to frequency and is characterized by its gainbandwidth product (GBWP). For example, an op-amp with a GBWP of 1 MHz would have a gain of 5 at 200 kHz, and a gain of 1 at 1 MHz. This dynamic response coupled with the very high DC gain of the op-amp gives it the characteristics of a first-order lowpass filter with very high DC gain and low cutoff frequency given by the GBWP divided by the DC gain. The finite bandwidth of an op-amp can be the source of several problems, including:

Stability. Associated with the bandwidth limitation is a

phase difference between the input signal and the amplifier output that can lead to oscillation in some feedback circuits. For example, a sinusoidal output signal meant to interfere
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destructively with an input signal of the same frequency will interfere constructively if delayed by 180 degrees. In these cases, the feedback circuit can be stabilized by means of frequency compensation, which increases the gain or phase margin of the open-loop circuit. The circuit designer can implement this compensation externally with a separate circuit component. Alternatively, the compensation can be implemented within the operational amplifier with the addition of a dominant pole that sufficiently attenuates the highfrequency gain of the operational amplifier. The location of this pole may be fixed internally by the manufacturer or configured by the circuit designer using methods specific to the op-amp. In general, dominant-pole frequency compensation reduces the bandwidth of the op-amp even further. When the desired closed-loop gain is high, op-amp frequency compensation is often not needed because the requisite open-loop gain is sufficiently low; consequently, applications with high closedloop gain can make use of op-amps with higher bandwidths.

Noise, Distortion, and Other Effects. Reduced bandwidth

also results in lower amounts of feedback at higher frequencies, producing higher distortion, noise, and output impedance and also reduced output phase linearity as the frequency increases. Typical low-cost, general-purpose op-amps exhibit a GBWP of a few megahertz. Specialty and high-speed op-amps exist that can achieve a GBWP of hundreds of megahertz. For very highfrequency circuits, a current-feedback operational amplifier is often used.

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2.2 OPAMP 3130

CA3130A and CA3130 are op amps that combine the advantage of both CMOS and bipolar transistors.

The CA3130 Series circuits operate at supply voltages ranging from 5V to 16V.They can be single external capacitor, and have terminals for adjustment of offset voltage for applications requiring offset-null capability. Terminal provisions are also made to permit strobing of the output stage phase compensated with a

2.2.1 APPLICATIONS

Ground-Referenced Single Supply Amplifiers Fast Sample-Hold Amplifiers Long-Duration Timers/Monostables

High-Input-Impedance Comparators (Ideal Interface with Digital CMOS)

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 High-Input-Impedance Wideband Amplifiers Voltage Followers (e.g. Follower for Single-Supply D/A Converter) Voltage Regulators (Permits Control of Output Voltage Down to 0V) Peak Detectors Single-Supply Full-Wave Precision Rectifiers Photo-Diode Sensor Amplifiers

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2.2.2 PIN DESCRIPTION OF OPAMP IC 3130

Absolute Maximum Ratings Thermal Information DC Supply Voltage (Between V+ And V- Terminals) . . . . .16V Differential Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8V DC Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (V+ +8V) to (V- 0.5V) Input-Terminal Current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1mA Output Short-Circuit Duration (Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . Indefinite

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Operating Conditions Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -50 to 125 C C Thermal Resistance (Typical, Note 2) JA ( C/W) JC ( C/W) PDIP Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100 N/A SOIC Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 N/A Metal Can Package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170 85 Maximum Junction Temperature (Metal Can Package) . . . . . . .175oC Maximum Junction Temperature (Plastic Package) . . . . . . . .15C Maximum Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . -65 to 150 C C Maximum Lead Temperature (Soldering 10s) . . . . . . . .300 C

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2.3 555 TIMER IC

DESCRIPTION The 555 monolithic timing circuit is a highly stable controller capable of producing accurate time delays, or oscillation. In the time delay mode of operation, the time is precisely controlled by one external resistor and capacitor. For a stable operation as an oscillator, the free running frequency and the duty cycle are both accurately controlled with two external resistors and one capacitor. The circuit may be triggered and reset on falling waveforms, and the output structure can source or sink up to 200mA. FEATURES Turn-off time less than 2ms Max. operating frequency greater than 500kHz Timing from microseconds to hours Operates in both astable and monostable modes High output current Adjustable duty cycle TTL compatible Temperature stability of 0.005% per C

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2.3.1APPLICATION

Precision timing Pulse generation Sequential timing Time delay generation Pulse width modulation

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2.3.2 PIN DESCRIPTION

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2.4 CD4017 DECADE COUNTER

The CD4017BC is a 5-stage divide-by-10 Johnson counter with 10 decoded outputs and a carry out bit. The CD4022BC is a 4-stage divide-by-8 Johnson counter with 8 decoded outputs and a carry-out bit. These counters are cleared to their zero count by a logical 1 on their reset line. These counters are advanced on the positive edge of the clock signal when the clock enable signal is in the logical 0 state. The configuration of the CD4017BC and CD4022BC permits medium speed operation and assures a hazard free counting sequence. The 10/8 decoded outputs are normally in the logical 0 state and go to the logical 1 state only at their respective time slot. Each decoded output remains high for 1 full clock cycle. The carry-out signal completes a full cycle for every 10/8 clock input cycles and is used as a ripple carry signal to any succeeding stages Features Wide supply voltage range: 3.0V to 15V High noise immunity: 0.45 VDD (typ.) Low power Fan out of 2 driving 74L TTL compatibility: or 1 driving 74LS

Medium speed operation: 5.0 MHz (typ.) with 10V VDD

Low power: 10 mW (typ.) Fully static operation

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2.4.1 APPLICATION

Automotive Instrumentation Medical electronics

Alarm systems Industrial electronics

Remote metering

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2.4.2 PIN DESCRIPTION

Absolute Maximum Ratings

Recommended Operating Conditions Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the

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safety of the device cannot be guaranteed, they are not meant to imply that the devices should be operated at these limits. The table of Recommended Operating Conditions and Electrical Characteristics provides conditions for actual device operation. VSS = 0V unless otherwise specified.

DC Electrical Characteristics IOL and IOH are tested one output at a time. DC Supply Voltage (VDD) -0.5 VDC to +18 VDC Input Voltage (VIN) -0.5 VDC to VDD +0.5 VDC Storage Temperature (TS) -65C to +150C Power Dissipation (PD)

Dual-In-Line 700 Mw

Small Outline 500 mW Lead Temperature (TL)

3(Soldering, 10 seconds) 260C

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2.4.3 TIMING DIAGRAM FOR DECADE COUNTER

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3.CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

3.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

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3.2 WORKING OF CIRCUIT

Here is a device to locate the mobile phone. It emits intermittent flashes and beeps to indicate the presence of an active mobile phone. The circuit becomes active even if the mobile phone is in silent mode. It can be used to detect mobile phone call in noisy environments. Range of the circuit is 15 cm. The circuit is basically an RF detector. During the activation of mobile phone, strong RF field will be generated. The sensor coil L detects the RF signals and T1 amplifies the signals. The amplified signals are given to the clock input of IC1. CD 4017 is a Johnson decade counter IC with 10 outputs. Its clock input pin 14 is highly sensitive to RF pulses so that it is a very good choice for RF detection. Only two outputs (Q1 andQ2) of the IC are used while the Q3output is tied to the reset pin 15 so that IC will reset on every third pulse. This will repeat the activation of LED and Buzzer. When the sensor detects the RF signal, clock input of IC1 gets pulses and its output pins 2 and 4 becomes high and low alternately giving flashing lights and beeps. The coil used in the circuit is a ready made inductor.Buzzer used is a small piezo buzzer.

A cell phone detector can sense the presence of an activated cell phone within the range of around one and a half metres. The cell phone detector circuit has been designed to perfection so that it may be able to track the appearance of a mobile phone and all its activities, including SMS, video
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transmissions, incoming calls as well as outgoing calls. The device is quiet capable to function properly even if the cell phone under surveillance is on silent mode. As soon as the detector senses the RF transmission signals from a phone located somewhere in its vicinity, it starts raising a beep alarm which continues till the signal transmission is not ceased

The circuit can detect both the incoming and outgoing calls, SMS and video transmission even if the mobile phone is kept in the silent mode. The moment the bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. The alarm continues until the signal transmission ceases. Op-amp IC CA3130 (IC1) is used in the circuit as a current-to-voltage converter with capacitor C3 connected between its inverting and noninverting inputs. It is a CMOS version using gate-protected p-channel MOSFET transistors in the input to provide very high input impedance, very low input current and very high speed of performance. The output CMOS transistor is capable of swinging the output voltage to within 10 mV of either supply voltage terminal. Capacitor C3 in conjunction with the lead inductance acts as a transmission line that intercepts the signals from the mobile phone. This capacitor creates a field, stores energy and transfers the stored energy in the form of minute current to the inputs of IC1. This will upset the balanced input of IC1 and convert the current into the corresponding output voltage.

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Capacitor C4 along with high-value resistor R1 keeps the non-inverting input stable for easy swing of the output to high state. Resistor R2 provides the discharge path for capacitor C4. Feedback resistor R3 makes the inverting input high when the output becomes high. Capacitor C5 (47pF) is connected across strobe null inputs (pin 1) of IC1 for phase compensation and gain control to optimise the frequency response. When the cell phone detector signal is detected by C3, the output of IC1 becomes high and low alternately according to the frequency of the signal as indicated by LED1. This triggers monostable timer IC2 through capacitor C7. Capacitor C6 maintains the base bias of transistor T1 for fast switching action. The low-value timing components R6 and C9 produce very short time delay to avoid audio nuisance. Assemble the cell phone detector circuit on a general purpose PCB as compact as possible and enclose in a small box like junk mobile case. As mentioned earlier, capacitor C3 should have a lead length of 18 mm with lead spacing of 8 mm. Carefully solder the capacitor in standing position with equal spacing of the leads. The response can be optimised by trimming the lead length of C3 for the desired frequency.We may use a short telescopic type antenna. Use the miniature 12V battery of a remote control and a small buzzer to make the gadget pocket-size. The unit will give the warning indication if someone uses mobile phone within a radius of 1.5 meters.

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APPENDICES

CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION CIRCUIT DIAGRAM WORKING OF CIRCUIT DECADE COUNTER 31 APPLICATIONS CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION TIMING DIAGRAM FOR DECADE COUNTER OPAMP INTRODUCTION OPAMP 3130 APPLICATIONS PIN DESCRIPTION 555 TIMER APPLICATIONS PIN DESCRIPTION

36 36 37

32 33 35

10 23 23 25 27 28 29

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REFERENCES
[1] http://electroschematics.com/1035/mobile-bug-detector-sniffer/ [2] J.B.Gupta electronic devices and circuits [3] R.P.Jain modern digital electronics [4] S.Salivahanan and A.Vallavaraj Electronic devices and circuits [5] Wikipedia net resource

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