!

୯ύኧᏢ!
!
ಃΟн!
!
೽ጓ‫!ހ‬ᏢಞЋн!
 ಃΟн Ьᚒ΋ǵ
Ьᚒ΋ǵ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄ
2.2!!‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
௖઩΋Ǻ
௖઩΋Ǻ
४‫ݤ‬ϦԄ΋Ǻ
ჹ‫ܭ‬Һཀኧ bǵcǵdǵeǴ )bɠc*Ø)dɠe*ɨ bd,be,cd,ce ኧᏢ΢ᆀ
ࣁ४‫ݤ‬ϩଛࡓ
४‫ݤ‬ϩଛࡓǴ٠Ъஒ
४‫ݤ‬ϩଛࡓ bd,be,cd,ce ᆀࣁ)bɠc*Ø)dɠe*‫ޑ‬৖໒Ԅ
৖໒ԄǶ
৖໒Ԅ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬2ǺճҔΠय़‫ޑ‬კ‫׎‬ǴᏢಞ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄǺ
a b

c ac bc

d ad bd

)2*΢य़‫ޑ‬εߏБ‫׎‬
εߏБ‫ߏޑ׎‬ɨ
εߏБ‫׎‬ b,c Ǵቨɨ d,e
य़ᑈɨ bd,be,cd,ce Ƕ
)3*΢კύǴѤঁߏБ‫ޑ׎‬य़ᑈϩձࣁ bd )Ѱ΢*ǵ be )ѰΠ*ǵ
cd )ѓ΢*ǵ ce )ѓΠ*Ƕ
җ)2*ǵ)3*ёள‫ډ‬
!!!)bɠc *Ø)dɠe *ɨ bd,be,cd,ce

ግಞ 2Ǻ
ӵΠკ‫܌‬ҢǴς‫ߏޕ‬Б‫׎‬Ӛᜐ‫ࡋߏޑ‬ϩձࣁ 6Ǵ5Ǵ4Ǵ3ǹஒѤঁߏ
Б‫ޑ׎‬य़ᑈᆉр٠ቪӧ‫ޜ‬਱ϣǶ٠Кၨ೭Ѥঁय़ᑈ‫کޑ‬ᆶ)6,5*)4,3*
‫ޑ‬४ᑈࢂց࣬฻ǻ
5 4

3 ( ) ( )

2 ( ) ( )

3-1
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3ǺճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ 216Ø23 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ
ှǺ216Ø23
>)211,6*!)21,3*
>211Ø21,211Ø3,6Ø21,6Ø3
>2111,311,61,21
>2371
BotǺ2371
٣ჴ΢ǴҔ‫ޔ‬Ԅ४‫ݤ‬ஒ 216Ø23 Ψёаள‫ ډ‬2371 ࣬ӕ‫่݀ޑ‬Ƕ

ግಞ 3ǺճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ :4Ø53 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4ǺճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ 23/9Ø21/36 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

ှǺ
23/9Ø21/36
>)23,1/9*)21,1/36*
>23Ø21,23Ø1/36,1/9Ø21,1/9Ø1/36
>231,4,9,1/3
>242/3
Botǹ242/3

1 4
ግಞ 4ǺճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ : Ø: ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ
2 5

3-2
௖઩ΒǺ
௖઩ΒǺ
४‫ݤ‬ϦԄΒǺ
ჹ‫ܭ‬Һཀኧ bǵcǴ (a + b )2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2 Ǵᆀࣁ‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄ
‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬5ǺճҔΠय़‫ޑ‬კ‫׎‬ǴᏢಞ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄǺ
a b

a a2 ab

b ab b2

)2*΢य़‫ޑ‬ε҅Б‫׎‬
ε҅Б‫ޑ׎‬ᜐߏɨ
ε҅Б‫׎‬ b,c Ǵय़ᑈɨ )b,c*3 Ƕ
)3*΢კύǴѤঁߏБ‫҅܈׎‬Б‫ޑ׎‬य़ᑈϩձࣁ
b3 )Ѱ΢*ǵ bc )ѰΠ*ǵ
bc )ѓ΢*ǵ c3 )ѓΠ*Ƕ
җ)2*ǵ)3*ёள‫ډ‬
)b,c*Ø)b,c*ɨ b3,3bc,c3
‫܈‬ !!)b,c!*3ɨ b3,3bc,c3

)bɠc*3ɨ
ግಞ 5ǺճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϩଛࡓीᆉ)

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6ǺճҔ‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄीᆉ 4123 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

ှǺ4123
>)411,2*3
>4113,3Ø411Ø2,23
>:1111,711,2
>:1712
BotǺ:1712

ግಞ 6ǺճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ)61/4*3 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ
3-3
ጄ‫ ٯ‬7ǺճҔ‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄीᆉ 783,3Ø78Ø44,443 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ
ှǺ783,3Ø78Ø44,443
ɨ)78,44*3
ɨ2113
ɨ21111
BotǺ21111

ግಞ 7Ǻ
ճҔ‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄीᆉ 6/33,3Ø6/3Ø5/9,5/93 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

3-4
 QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/ፎᓨቪрΠӈϦԄ
2/
)2*!)bɠc*)dɠe*ɨ
)3*!)bɠc*3ɨ

3/ղᘐΠӈӚԄࢂց҅ዴǻ
3/
҅ዴ‫ޑ‬ፎӧɍϣѺΉǴᒱᇤ‫ޑ‬ፎӧɍϣѺØǶ
) a ᆶ b ֡όࣁ 1*!
ɍ ( a + b) 2 = a 2 + b 2 ɍ (a + b) 2 = a 2 − 2ab + b 2

4/ղᘐΠӈ฻Ԅࢂց҅ዴǴ҅ዴ‫ޑ‬ፎӧɍϣѺΉǴᒱᇤ‫ޑ‬ፎӧɍϣѺ
ØǴ٠ु҅Ǻ
Ȑ2ȑ2123ɨ2113ɠ3Ø211Ø2ɠ23
ɍ҅ዴ ɍό҅ዴ ु҅Ǻ
Ȑ3ȑ2143ɨ2113,43
ɍ҅ዴ ɍό҅ዴ ु҅Ǻ

5/ፎ٩ྣࡰҢ༤Ε፾྽‫ޑ‬ኧӷ
!318 2 ɨ) ɠ8 ) 2 ɨ) ) 2 ɠ3Ø) *Ø8ɠ) )2

6/ӵკࢂҗᜐߏࣁ b ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬Ҙ
ҘǴӆံ΢‫ߏঁٿ‬ǵቨϩձࣁ bǵc ‫ޑ‬
ߏБ‫ک׎‬΋ঁᜐߏࣁ c ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬Ό
ΌಔӝԶԋ‫ޑ‬Ƕ a b
ς‫ ޕ‬bɠcɨ9Ǵbcɨ26Ǵ a Ҙ ab
ፎୢ‫҅ٿ‬Б‫׎‬ҘǵΌ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ‫ک‬฻‫ܭ‬ӭϿǻ

b ab Ό

3-5
 1 1
/ ӵ݀!)21ɠ *3ɨ213ɠ) *3ɠɍ
) *7/ ɍǴፎୢ ɍɨǻ
5 5

)B*!1!!!!)C*!3!!!!)D*!5!!!!)E*!7Ƕ

8/ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉΠӈӚԄ‫ॶޑ‬ȐፎቪрᆉԄȑ
Ǻ
1
Ȑ2ȑ 3143!!!!! Ȑ3ȑȐ61 ȑ3
4

Ȑ4ȑ 743ɠ3Ø74Ø28ɠ283 Ȑ5ȑ:83ɠ7Ø:8ɠ43

)!!*9/ѓკࢂ΋ঁ҅Б‫׎‬ǴϩԋѤ೽ϩǴ‫ځ‬य़ᑈϩձࢂ b3ǵbcǵc3ǵ
bcǴ߾চ҅Б‫ޑ׎‬ᜐߏࢂ ǻ
ȐBȑb3ɠc3 ȐCȑbɠc
ȐDȑb3ɡc3 ȐEȑbɡc

:/ӵѓკǴஒߏБ‫ ׎‬BCDE ϩԋ
A B
ѤঁλߏБ‫׎‬Ǵ‫ځ‬य़ᑈϩձ mp
mn
ࣁ noǵnqǵqrǵorǴ
nq pq
߾ AB ɨ
D C

1 1
21/bɨ677 Ǵcɨ44 Ǵ߾ b3ɠ3bcɠc3ɨ
2 2

22/ऩ 21183ɨ2111111ɠ3111yɠ5:Ǵ::63ɨ2111111ɠ3111zɠ36Ǵ߾
yzɨ

23/ ऩȐ3118/6ȑ3ɨ31183ɠyǴ߾ yɨ

24/ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄǴीᆉ38:3,669Ø32,323>

3-6
 QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
3 2
)!!!!!*2/вಒᢀჸѓკёள!)3118 ɠ3118ɠ3119*ɨ P Ǵ
)!!!!!*2
‫ځ‬ύ Qɧ1ǶፎգճҔᜪ՟‫ޑ‬གྷ‫ݤ‬Ǵ‫؃‬р 2007 1
3
)3118 ɠ3118ɠ3119*ɠ3119ɠ311:!ɨǻ
)B*!31183 !!)C*!31193
)D*!311:3 !!!)E*!31213 2007

3/ ऩ b3ɠc3ɨ24Ǵbɠcɨ6Ǵ၂‫ ؃‬bc ϐॶࣁ

4/ӵΠკ‫܌‬ҢǴς‫ޕ‬΋ঁεߏБ‫׎‬Ǵ္य़‫׎ંޑ‬य़ᑈϩձࢂǺ4ǵ5ǵ
6Ǵ‫؃‬ಃѤঁં‫ޑ׎‬य़ᑈǻ
3 4

5 ǻ

3-7
 QBSU!5Ǻ
QBSU!5Ǻၗྍံ๏৤
ೲᆉ‫ޑݤ‬ጔҗ
଺‫ٿ‬Տኧ‫ޑ‬४‫ݤ‬ၮᆉਔǴԖ΋ঁೲᆉ‫ݤ‬ёаࡐ‫ז‬Ӧ‫ע‬เਢᆉрٰǹ೭
໨ೲᆉ‫ݤ‬ज़‫ڋ‬ΜՏኧӷѸ໪࣬ӕǴԶЪঁՏኧӷ‫ࣁکޑ‬Μǹ‫ځ‬เਢࣁ
ஒ‫ځ‬ύ΋ঁΜՏኧӷу 2 ࡕǴᆶќ΋ঁΜՏኧӷ࣬४Ǵ่݀‫ܫ‬ӧίՏ
ᆶԭՏǹӆ‫ঁঁٿע‬Տኧӷ࣬४ࡕǴ่݀‫ܫ‬ӧΜՏᆶঁՏǹനࡕև౜
‫ࢂߡ่݀ޑ‬เਢǶ
‫ٯ‬ӵǺ45Ø47ɨǻ
ஒΜՏኧӷ‫ ޑ‬4 у 2 ᡂԋ 5Ǵӆஒ 5 ᆶќ΋ঁΜՏኧӷ 4 ࣬
४Ǵள‫ ډ‬5Ø4>23ǹനࡕஒ‫ঁঁٿ‬Տኧӷ࣬४ள‫ ډ‬5Ø7>35ǹ
ஒ 23 ‫ܫ‬ӧίՏᆶԭՏǴ35 ‫ܫ‬ӧΜՏᆶঁՏǴջள‫ࣁ่݀ډ‬
2335ǴӵΠკ‫܌‬ҢǺ
4
3 4

× 3 6

1 2 2 4

٣ჴ΢Ǵࡪྣ४‫܌ۺཷݤ‬ள‫่݀ޑډ‬Ψࢂ 2335ǴӵΠკ‫܌‬ҢǺ

3 4

× 3 6

2 0 4
1 0 2

1 2 2 4

3-8
ΞӵǺ58Ø54 ҭࢂӵԜǴӵΠკ‫܌‬ҢǺ

5
4 7

× 4 3

2 0 2 1

‫ॺך‬ёа೸ၸжኧԄη‫ޑ‬ၮᆉΑှ‫ځ‬ύ‫ޑ‬চӢǴаΠࢂ‫ޑॺך‬ᇥܴǺ
з೭‫ঁٿ‬ΒՏኧϩձࣁǺΜՏࣁ bǴঁՏࣁ cǹ
аϷΜՏࣁ bǴঁՏࣁ dǹЪ c,d>21
߾)21b,c*)21b,d*
ɨ21bØ21b,21bØd,cØ21b,cØd
ɨ211b3,21bd,21bc,cd
ɨ211b3,21b)c,d*,cd
ɨ211!b3,21bØ21,cd!!)Ӣࣁ c,d>21*
ɨ211b3,211b,cd
ɨ211b)b,2*,cd
ӢԜஒ b ४а)b,2*൩ࢂஒΜՏኧӷᆶќ΋ঁΜՏኧӷу 2 ‫࣬ॶޑ‬४Ǵ
Զ 211b)b,2*൩ࢂஒ΢ॊ‫่݀ޑ‬ӆ४а 211 ७Ǵ‫࣬ॶځ‬྽‫ܫܭ‬ӧίՏ
ᆶԭՏǹനࡕӆу΢‫ঁঁٿ‬Տኧӷ࣬४‫ࢂߡ่݀ޑ‬เਢΑǼ

3-9
ှเǺ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
5 4
ግಞ 2Ǻ

3 ( 15 ) ( 12 )

2 ( 10 ) (8)

٠Ъ४ᑈ࣬฻Ƕ
ግಞ 3Ǻ!4:17
1
ግಞ 4Ǻ 93
10

ግಞ 5Ǻ )!b,c!*Ø)!b,c!*ɨb3,bc,bc!,c3>!b3,3bc,c3
ግಞ 6Ǻ!3641/1:
ግಞ 7Ǻ211
QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/)2*bd,be,cd,ce!)3*b3,3bc,c3
3/ (a + b) 2 = a 2 + b 2  (a + b) 2 = a 2 − 2ab + b 2
4/Ȑ2ȑ2123ɨ2113ɠ3Ø211Ø2ɠ23
҅ዴ ɍό҅ዴ ु҅Ǻ
Ȑ3ȑ2143ɨ2113,43
ɍ҅ዴ ό҅ዴ ु҅Ǻ 2143ɨ2113,3Ø211Ø4,43
5/3183>)311,8*3>3113,3Ø311Ø8,83>5395:
1
6/45 7/!D !8/!)2*5231:!!)3* 2525 !!)4*7511!!)5*21111!
16

9/!C :/!o,q 21/!471111 22/!.46 23/ 3118/36

24/!:1111
QBSU 4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
20
2/!D!!!!!3/!7!!!4/
3

3-10
 2.3 ৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБ
ѳБϦԄ
ѳБϦԄ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
௖઩΋
௖઩΋ǵৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБ
ѳБϦԄ
ѳБϦԄ
४‫ݤ‬ϦԄΟǺ
ჹ‫ܭ‬Һཀኧ bǵcǴ (a − b )2 = a 2 − 2ab + b 2 Ǵᆀࣁৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБϦԄ
ৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБϦԄ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2ǺճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϩଛࡓीᆉ)bɡc*3
ှǺ)bɡc*Ø)bɡc*!ёа࣮ԋ
!!\bɠ)ɡc*^Ø\bɠ)ɡc*^ɨb3ɠb)ɡc*ɠb)ɡc*ɠ)ɡc*)ɡc*
ɨb3ɡbcɡbcɠc3 ɨb3ɡ3bcɠc3
ள‫) ډ‬bɡc*Ø)bɡc*ɨb3ɡ3bcɠc3
Ψ൩ࢂᇥ!!!!!)bɡc*3 ɨb3ɡ3bcɠc3
BotǺb3ɡ3bcɠc3

ግಞ 2Ǻ
ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϩଛࡓीᆉ)yɡz*3

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3ǺճҔৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБϦԄीᆉ 6:93 ᆶ)7:/7*3 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

ှǺ)2*!!6:93 (2) (69.6)2
ɨ)711.3*3 =(70-0.4)2
ɨ7113.3Ø711Ø3,33 =702-2×70×0.4+0.42
ɨ471111.3511,5 =4900-56+0.16
ɨ468715 =4844.16
BotǺ)2*!468715!)3*5955/27

ግಞ 3Ǻ
7
ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ 2::3 ᆶ (15 ) 2 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ
8

3-11
 QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/ፎᓨቪрΠӈϦԄ)
2/ bɡc*3ɨ

3/ղᘐΠӈӚԄࢂց҅ዴǻ
3/
҅ዴ‫ޑ‬ፎӧɍϣѺΉǴᒱᇤ‫ޑ‬ፎӧɍϣѺØǶ
) a ᆶ b ֡όࣁ 1*!
)2*ɍ
)2*ɍ (a + b) 2 = a 2 + b 2 )3*ɍ
ɍ (a − b) 2 = a 2 − b 2
)4*ɍ
)4*ɍ (a − b) 2 = a 2 − 2ab − b 2 )5*ɍ
ɍ (a − b) 2 = a 2 − 2ab + b 2

4/ղᘐΠӈ฻Ԅࢂց҅ዴǹᒱᇤ‫ޑ‬ፎु҅Ǻ
:83ɨ2113ɡ43
ɍ҅ዴ ɍό҅ዴ ु҅Ǻ

5/ፎ٩ྣࡰҢ༤Ε፾྽‫ޑ‬ኧӷ
)2*!::5 2 ɨ)2111ɡ )2

ɨ) ) 2 ɡ3Ø2111Ø) *ɠ) )2 ɨ

1 1 2
)3*!) 99 * 2 ɨ) ɡ )
2 2

1 1 2
ɨ) ) 2 ɡ3Ø) *Ø ɠ) ) >
2 2

6/ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉΠӈӚԄ‫ॶޑ‬ȐፎቪрᆉԄȑ
Ǻ
Ȑ2ȑ 2:83 Ȑ1/::ȑ3
Ȑ3ȑ

Ȑ4ȑ 8:3ɡ3Ø8:Ø2:ɠ2:3 Ȑ5ȑ 783ɡ45Ø78ɠ283

7/ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄǴीᆉ::3ɡ29Ø::ɠ92ɨ

3-12
 QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

!!*2/ΠӈӚԄύǴόᆅ yǵz Ҕϙሶኬ‫ޑ‬ኧжΕǴ

)!!*2
่݀҉ᇻ҅ዴ‫ࢂޑ‬ব΋ঁǻ
)B*!)yɡz*3!ɨ y3ɡz3!!!!!!)C*)yɡ2*3!ɨ y3ɠ3yɡ2
)D*!)yɠz*3!ɨ y3ɠz3!!!!!!)E*!)yɡz*3!ɨ y3ɡ3yzɠz3

3
)!!*3/
3/Πӈব΋ኧനௗ߈!)2::
3/ *3 ǻ
4

)B*!51111!!!)C*!4::::!!!)D*!4:::1!!!)E*!4::11

3-13
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤
1
FY 2Ǻ྽ x = − , a = −2 ਔǴ‫ ؃‬2(ax + by ) ⋅ (by − ax) − (ax + by ) 2 − (ax − by ) 2 ϐ
4

ॶ
ှǺ
2(ax + by ) ⋅ (by − ax) − (ax + by ) 2 − (ax − by ) 2
= −[(ax + by ) 2 − 2(ax + by )(by − ax) + (ax − by ) 2 ]

= −[(ax + by ) − (by − ax)] 2

= −[ax + by − by + ax]2
= −[2ax] 2

1
= −[2 ⋅ (−2) ⋅ (− )] 2
4

= −1
Ԝᚒऩ҂ӃҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄϯᙁǴԶ‫ޔ‬ௗжΕीᆉǴஒ཮ࡐᕷᅥǼ
BotǺ.2

FY 3Ǻऩ (3a + 3b − 2)(3a + 3b + 2) = 437 Ǵ

߾a +b =
ှǺ
(3a + 3b − 2)(3a + 3b + 2) = 437

(3a + 3b) 2 − 2 2 = 437

9(a + b) 2 − 4 = 437

9(a + b) 2 = 441

(a + b) 2 = 49

∴ a + b = ±7

BotǺ ± 7
FY 4Ǻ৖໒ (a + b + c) 2
ှǺ
( a + b + c) 2

3-14
 = (a + b + c)(a + b + c)

= a 2 + ab + ac + ab + b 2 + bc + ac + bc + c 2

= a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca

ԜࣁΟኧ‫ֹޑک‬ӄѳБϦԄǴଯύதҔ‫ډ‬
BotǺ (a + b + c) 2 = a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca

FY 5ǺճҔ Fy4 ‫ޑ‬ϦԄբǺऩ x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 2 x + 6 y − 4 z + 14 = 0 Ǵ

‫ ؃‬3x − 2 y + z ϐॶ
ှǺ
x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 2 x + 6 y − 4 z + 14 = 0
( x 2 − 2 x + 1) + ( y 2 + 6 y + 9) + ( z 2 − 4 z + 4) = 0
( x − 1) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 + ( z − 2) 2 = 0

⎧x − 1 = 0
ΟঁѳБ‫ ࣁک‬1Ǵջ ⎪⎨ y + 3 = 0
⎪z − 2 = 0
⎩

∴ x = 1, y = −3, z = 2

ࡺ 3x − 2 y + z = 3 + 6 + 2 = 11
BotǺ22

FY 6Ǻς‫( ޕ‬k + 47) 2 = 200738 Ǵ‫( ؃‬k + 37)(k + 57) ϐॶ

ှǺ
(k + 37)(k + 57)

= (k + 47 − 10)(k + 47 + 10)

= (k + 47) 2 − 10 2
= 200738 − 100

= 200638

BotǺ311749
ှเǺ

3-15
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
ግಞ 2Ǻ x 2 − 2 xy + y 2
7 1
ግಞ 3Ǻ2::3>4:712!Ǵ (15 ) 2 > 252
8 64

QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/!b3.3bc,c3
3/)2*!Y !)3*Y!!)4*Y!!)5*Ή
4/Ήό҅ዴ :83ɨȐ211ɡ4ȑ3ɨ2113ɡ3Ø211Ø4ɠ43
5/)2*::53>)2111.7*3>21113.3Ø2111Ø7,73>:99147!
1 1 1 1 2 1
)3* (99 ) 2 = (100 − ) 2 = 100 2 − 2 ⋅ 100 ⋅ + ( ) = 9900
2 2 2 2 4

6/)2*4991:!!)3*1/:912!!)4*4711!!)5*3611!!!7/!9211

QBSU 4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
2/E 3/!E

3-16
 2.4 ѳБৡϦԄ
ѳБৡϦԄ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
४‫ݤ‬ϦԄѤǺ
ჹ‫ܭ‬Һཀኧ bǵcǴ (a + b)(a − b ) = a 2 − b 2 ǴᆀࣁѳБৡϦԄ
ѳБৡϦԄ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2ǺճҔΠय़‫ޑ‬კ‫׎‬ǴᏢಞ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄǺ

a b
b

)2*഍ቹय़ᑈɨᜐߏࣁ b ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬य़ᑈɡᜐߏࣁ c ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬य़ᑈ

ɨb3ɡc3
)3*഍ቹय़ᑈɨΒ༧ఊ‫ޑ׎‬य़ᑈ
(a + b)(a − b)
ɨ ⋅ 2
2

ɨ)bɠc * ) bɡc *
җ)2*ǵ)3*ёள‫ډ‬
)bɠc * ) bɡc *ɨb3ɡc3
٣ჴ΢Ǵ)bɠc*Ø)bɡc*!ёа࣮ԋ
)bɠc*Ø\bɠ)ɡc*^ɨb3ɠb)ɡc*ɠbcɠc)ɡc*
ɨb3ɡbcɠbcɡc3 ɨb3ɡc3
ள‫)!ډ‬bɠc*Ø)bɡc*ɨb3ɡc3

ግಞ 2Ǻ
ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϩଛࡓ৖໒ (a + b)(a − b)

3-17
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3ǺճҔѳБৡϦԄीᆉ 3:7Ø415 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ
ှǺ3:7Ø415
>)411.5*)411,5*
>4113.53
>:1111.27
>9::95
Bot;9::95

ግಞ 3Ǻ
ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ 31/4Ø2:/8 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4ǺճҔѳБৡϦԄीᆉ 9:63.9:53 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

ှǺ9:63.9:53
>)9:6,9:5*)9:6.9:5*
>289:Ø2
>289:!
Bot;289:

ግಞ 4Ǻ
ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉ 343.283 ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

3-18
 QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

2/ղᘐΠӈ฻Ԅࢂց҅ዴǴჹ‫ޑ‬ѺȬɄȭǹᒱ‫ޑ‬ѺȬØȭ٠ु҅Ǻ
Ȑ2ȑ2523ɡ26:3ɨȐ252ɠ26:ȑȐ252ɡ26:ȑ
ɍ҅ዴ ु҅Ǻ
Ȑ3ȑ32Ø2:>)32,2:*)32.2:*
ɍ҅ዴ ु҅Ǻ

3/)2*ፎֹԋѳБৡϦԄ (a + b)(a − b) =
)3*ፎճҔ)2*‫ޑ‬ϦԄǴ‫ ؃‬:98Ø2124ɨǻ
)4*ፎճҔ)2*‫ޑ‬ϦԄǴ‫؃‬ 126 2 − 124 2 ɨǻ

4/ፎ‫؃‬рΠय़഍ቹ೽ҽ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈǻ
24

4 4
24

5/ ӵѓკӕЈ༝ύǴε༝ъ৩ࣁ 35 ϦϩǴλ༝ъ৩ࣁ 27 ϦϩǴ

ٗሶ഍ቹ೽ҽय़ᑈࣁӭϿѳБϦϩǻ
24

Ԧ 16

/!:323ɡ:223 ‫ࢂॶޑ‬Πӈব΋ঁኧ‫ޑ‬७ኧǻ
) *6/
)ຏǺᒧ໨ύ!:22ǵ33:!ࣁ፦ኧ*
)B*!:32!!!!!)C*!:22!!!!!)D*!431!!!!!)E*!33:Ƕ

3-19
7/ճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄीᆉΠӈӚԄ‫ॶޑ‬ȐፎቪрᆉԄȑ
Ǻ
Ȑ2ȑ219Ø:3 Ȑ3ȑ3:83ɡ4143

)!!*8/ߓᝊགྷीᆉ 314Ø2:8 ϐॶǴߓܴǵλऍǵλ੿ϩձගрԾρ‫ޑ‬

Б‫ݤ‬ӵΠǺߓܴǺȐ313ɠ2ȑȐ2:9ɡ2ȑ
λऍǺ
Ȑ311ɠ4ȑȐ2:9ɡ2ȑλ੿ǺȐ311ɠ4ȑȐ311ɡ4ȑ
գᇡࣁፔ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ӧीᆉ΢КၨБߡǻ
ȐBȑߓܴ ȐCȑλऍ ȐDȑλ੿ ȐEȑ೿΋ኬǶ

9/ӵѓკǴᜐߏϩձࣁ 267 Ϧϩ‫ک‬

67 Ϧϩ‫҅ٿޑ‬Б‫׎‬Ǵ၂‫ځ؃‬௹ጕ
೽ϩ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈࣁ ѳБϦϩǶ

3-20
 QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
1 2007 ⋅ 2005
)!!!*2/ፎᒧҔ፾྽‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ीᆉ + − 1911 >ǻ
2006 2006

1 1
)B*!:5 !!!!!)C*!:6!!!!)D*!:6 !!!!!)E*!21:6
2006 2006
2
)!!!*3/ፎճҔ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄǴղᘐΠӈՖ‫ޣ‬ᆶ 123 ό࣬฻ǻ
2 2
)B*! 146 + 23 − 2 ⋅ 146 ⋅ 23
2 2
)C*! 99 + 24 + 99 ⋅ 48
)D*! 124 ⋅ 122 − 1
)E* (120 ⋅ 121 + 120 ⋅ 2) + (3 ⋅ 121 + 3 ⋅ 2)
!28! !7!
)!!!*4/ς‫)!ޕ‬7: *Ø)81 *ɨbɠcǴ‫ځ‬ύ b ࣁ҅᏾ኧЪ 1ɦcɦ
!34! !34!
2Ǵ
߾ bɨǻ)B*!4694!!!!)C*!4695!!!!)D*!59::!!!!)E*!5:11
)!!!*5/ीᆉ 9::3ɡ2123 ϐॶࣁՖǻ
)B*!899111!!)C*!8:9111!!!)D*!999111!!)E*!9:9111
)!!!*6/ऩ 2:::3ɡ31113ɨ2444!Ø bǴ߾ bɨȆ
)B*!2!!!)C*!ɡ2!!!)D*!4!!!)E*!ɡ4!
)!!!*7/‫ ؃‬3112Ø3113ɡ2:::Ø3115 ϐॶࣁՖǻ
)B*7 )C*27 )D*37 )E*47

3-21
 !QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤
a b c
2/ऩ abc = 1 Ǵ‫؃‬᛾ + + =1
ab + a + 1 bc + b + 1 ca + c + 1

ှǺ
a b bc
ѰԄ = + +
ab + a + abc bc + b + 1 bca + bc + b

1 b bc
= + +
b + 1 + bc bc + b + 1 1 + bc + b

1 + b + bc
=
b + 1 + bc

=1
BotǺ2

3/ࢌ҅᏾ኧ x у 8: ‫ ܈‬315 ࡕǴ֡ࣁֹӄѳБኧǴ

‫؃‬x>
ှǺ
⎧ x + 79 = a 2 ..............(1)
з ⎪⎨ a.b ֡ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴЪ b > a
⎪⎩ x + 204 = b 2 ............(2)

!!!!)3*.)2*Ǻ125 = b 2 − a 2
(b + a )(b − a ) = 125

⎧b + a = 125 ⎧b + a = 25
⇒⎨ ‫܈‬ ⎨
⎩b − a = 1 ⎩b − a = 5

⎧a = 62 ⎧a = 10
⇒⎨ ‫܈‬ ⎨
⎩b = 63 ⎩b = 15

‫܌‬а x = 62 2 − 79 ‫܈‬ x = 10 2 − 79
⇒ x = 3765, 21

BotǺ4876-!32

3-22
ግಞ 3Ǻࢌ҅᏾ኧ x Ǵу 211 ‫ ܈‬279 ࡕǴ֡ࣁֹӄѳБኧǴ
‫؃‬x>
BotǺ267

30 − n
4/‫҅؃‬᏾ኧ n Ǵ٬ள ε‫ ܭ‬1 ЪࣁֹӄѳБኧǴ
n

‫ ؃‬n ‫܌ޑ‬Ԗёૈॶ>
ှǺ
29 28 27 15
வ , , ,........,
1 2 3 15

λ‫ ܭ‬3: ϐֹӄѳБኧԖ 36-27-:-5-2

27
ள n = 3 ਔǴ =9
3

24
n = 6 ਔǴ =4
6

15
n = 15 ਔǴ =1
15

BotǺ4-7-26

a
5/ς‫ ޕ‬a − b − 2 = 0 Ъ 2b 2 + b − 4 = 0 Ǵ‫ ؃‬− b ϐॶ>
b

ှǺ
җ a − b − 2 = 0 Ǵё‫ ޕ‬a = b + 2
җ 2b 2 + b − 4 = 0 Ǵ‫ ޕ‬b = 4 − 2b 2

a a − b2 b + 2 − b2
‫܌‬а − b = = !!)ᘉϩ ⋅ 2 *
b b b

2b + 4 − 2b 2
=
2b

3-23
 2b + b
=
2b

3
=
2

3
BotǺ
2

6/ऩ k 2 ࢂ 22 ঁೱុ᏾ኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБ‫ک‬Ǵ‫ ؃‬k ϐനλॶɨ

ှǺ
з k 2 = ( x − 5) 2 + ( x − 4) 2 + ( x − 3) 2 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + x 2 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + ( x + 5) 2
k 2 = x 2 − 10 x + 25 + x 2 − 8 x + 16 + ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ + x 2 + 10 x + 25

= 11x 2 + 110
= 11( x 2 + 10)

྽ x 2 = 1 ਔǴ k 2 നλɨ112 = (±11) 2
k = ±11

‫܌‬а k ϐനλॶɨ.22
˽otǺ.22

3-24
ှเǺ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
ግಞ 2Ǻ)b,c*)b.c*>b3.bc,bc.c3>b3.c3
ግಞ 3Ǻ4::/:2
ግಞ 4Ǻ3511

QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/)2*)Ʉ* )3* )˜* 32Ø2:>)31,2*)31.2*>313.23
3/)2*!b3.!c3 )3*:::942!!)4*611!!!!!!4/671!!5/431͘ѳБϦϩ
6/E!!!!7/!)2*::47!!)3*.4711!!8/D!!!9/32311!!

QBSU 4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
2/!C!!!3/!D!!!!4/!D!!5/C!!!6/E!!!7/B

3-25
 3.2!ӭ໨Ԅ‫ޑ‬у෧
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩୔

ጄ‫ ٯ‬1Ǻ − 3x 4 + 11x 2 − 7 x − a + 8 ࣁ x ‫ޑ‬Ѥԛӭ໨ԄǴ߾Ǻ

Ʉ
2 Ѥԛ໨ࣁ Ǵ߯ኧࣁ
Ʉ
3 Οԛ໨ࣁ Ǵ߯ኧࣁ
Ʉ
4 Βԛ໨ࣁ Ǵ߯ኧࣁ
Ʉ
5 ΋ԛ໨ࣁ Ǵ߯ኧࣁ
Ʉ
6 தኧ໨ࣁ Ǵऩதኧ໨ࣁ :Ǵ߾ a =

ှǺ Ʉ
2 − 3x 4 ǹ-3

Ʉ
3 0x 3 ǹ1

Ʉ
4 11x 2 ǹ22

Ʉ
5 − 7 x ǹ.8

Ʉ
6 − a + 8 ǹ.2

ӭ໨Ԅ‫ޑ‬у෧‫ݤ‬Ꮲಞ฼ౣǺɄ
2 ѐࡴဦ Ʉ
3 ӝ‫ٳ‬ӕᜪ໨

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2Ǻ ϯᙁǺ (4 x 3 − 2 x + 7) + (−4 x 3 + 8 x − 8)

ှǺ
(4 x 3 − 2 x + 7) + (−4 x 3 + 8 x − 8)

= 4 x 3 − 2x + 7 − 4 x 3 + 8x − 8
= 6x − 1

ᏢಞЈள‫ঁٿ‬Οԛӭ໨Ԅ࣬уǴԛኧനଯࣁˠԛǴՠΨёૈफ़ԛȐӵ
΢‫ٯ‬ȑ

3-26
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3Ǻ ϯᙁ (7 − 3x 2 ) − (7 x 2 − 5 x + 3)
ှǺ
(7 − 3x 2 ) − (7 x 2 − 5 x + 3)

= 7 − 3x 2 − 7 x 2 + 5 x − 3

= −10 x 2 + 5 x + 4

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4Ǻӭ໨Ԅ 3x − 1 ᆶ − 5 + 19 x 2 + 19 x ‫کޑ‬Ǵӆ෧ѐ − 2 x 2 + 12 x − 28 ‫่ޑ‬

݀ࣁՖǻȐፎ٩फ़Ꮘ௨ӈȑ
ှǺ
3 x − 1 + (−5 + 19 x 2 + 19 x) − (−2 x 2 + 12 x − 28)

= 3 x − 1 − 5 + 19 x 2 + 19 x + 2 x 2 − 12 x + 28

= 21x 2 + 10 x + 22

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5ǺԖ‫ٿ‬ӭ໨Ԅ A ǵ B Ǵς‫ ޕ‬A + B = − 8 x 2 + 9 x + 11 Ǵ

A − B = 6 x 2 − 15 x + 29 Ǵ‫؃‬ӭ໨Ԅ B ࣁՖǻ

ှǺ
⎧⎪ A + B = −8 x 2 + 9 x + 11L (1)
⎨
⎪⎩ A − B = 6 x 2 − 15 x + 29 L (2)

(1) − (2) 2 B = −14 x 2 + 24 x − 18

1
B= (−14 x 2 + 24 x − 18)
2

= −7 x 2 + 12 x − 9

3-27
ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ λܴࢌԛԵ၂‫ٿ؃‬ӭ໨Ԅ AǵB ‫ޑ‬у‫ݤ‬ਔǴஒᚒҞύȨ A + B ȩ
࣮ԋȨ A − B ȩǴ่݀ᆉр‫ޑ‬เਢࣁ − 7 x 2 + 8 x − 11 Ǵऩς‫ ޕ‬B ࣁ
3 x 2 − 6 x − 7 Ǵ߾Ȩ A + B ȩ‫҅ޑ‬ዴเਢࣁՖǻ

ှǺ
A − (3 x 2 − 6 x − 7) = −7 x 2 + 8 x − 11 ᏢಞЈள
A = −4 x 2 + 2 x − 18 ଯЋགྷ‫ݤ‬Ǻ
∴ A + B = (−4 x 2 + 2 x − 18) + (3 x 2 − 6 x − 7) A + B = A − B + 2B

= − x 2 − 4 x − 25

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻ ς‫( ޕ‬a − 5) x 3 + (2b + 7) x 2 − ax + b − 6 ࣁ x ‫ޑ‬΋ԛӭ໨ԄǴ‫؃‬Ԝ

ӭ໨ԄࣁՖǻ

ှǺ
⎧a − 5 = 0 Ꮲಞ฼ౣ
⎨
⎩2b + 7 = 0 К΋ԛଯ‫ޑ‬໨Ǵ֡όёаӸӧǶ
−7 ࡺΟԛ໨ǵΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧ֡ࣁ 0
∴ a = 5, b =
2

‫ ؃܌‬− ax + b − 6
19
= −5 x −
2

3-28
 QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/Πӈব٤όࢂ x ‫ޑ‬ӭ໨Ԅǻ
!!)Ҙ* 3x
!!)Ό*!7
5
!!)Ч*! 5 x + + 1
x

x2 x
!!)΍*! − + 15
5 3

)B*!ҘǵΌ!!)C*!ΌǵЧ!!)D*!ҘǵЧ!)E*!ѝԖЧ

4
3/ 7 − 2 x − x 4 ࣁ x ‫ ޑ‬b ԛӭ໨ԄǴ‫ ؃‬b>ǻ
3

!!)B*!5!)C*!4!)D*!2!)E*!όዴ‫ۓ‬

4/ऩ (3 x 2 − 2 x − 1) − (3 − 2 x − x 2 ) = ax 2 + bx + c Ǵ‫ ؃‬a − b − c >ǻ

!!!)B*!5!)C*!.5!)D*!3!)E*!9

5/ऩ (a − 2) x 3 + (b + 4) x + 6 ࣁதኧӭ໨ԄǴ߾ a + b >ǻ

!!)B*!7!)C*!3!)D*!.3!)E*!1

6/ϯᙁ (3 x 2 − 11x + 7) − (6 x 2 + 5 x − 7) ࡕǴӚ໨߯ኧᕴ‫ࣁک‬ǻ

)B*!.6!)C*!4!)D*!2!)E*!.4
7/೛ BǵC ֡ࣁΟԛӭ໨ԄǴ߾ B,C ‫ޑ‬ԛኧǻ
)B*!7!)C*!6!)D*!3!)E*!നଯࣁ 4 ԛ

8/ऩ A = −8 x 2 + 7 x − 87 Ǵ B = 9 x 2 − x − 91 Ǵ
‫ ؃‬A− B =

3-29
9/ѓკᙯ‫ ࣁ֡ف‬90 0 Ǵς‫ޕ‬Οᜐ‫ࡋߏޑ‬Ǵ
‫>ߏڬ؃‬

:/ӕಃΖᚒკǴԿϿѸ໪‫ޕ‬ၰ ᜐߏࡋǴߡё‫ߏڬځ؃‬Ƕ

21/‫ٿ‬ӭ໨Ԅ 3x 2 − 7 x + a ᆶ bx 2 + cx − 9 ࣬฻Ǵ‫ ؃‬3a + 2b − c >

3-30
 QBSU!4Ǻ຾໘ࡷᏯᚒ

1 ѓᜐࢂӭ໨Ԅ‫ޔ‬Ԅ෧‫ޑݤ‬ၸำǴፎୢɍό

ёૈࢂΠӈՖኧ .

Ȑ˽ȑ − 11 Ȑ˾ȑ11 Ȑ˿ȑ − 5 Ȑ̀ȑ − 7

3-31
2 ς‫ ޕ‬AǵB ࣁ‫ঁٿ‬ӭ໨ԄǴЪ A − 2 B = −2 x 2 + x + 5 Ǵ

2 A + 3B = −4 x 2 − 7 x + 17 Ǵ‫؃‬ӭ໨Ԅ B ࣁ .

4/ऩӭ໨Ԅ A = ax 2 + (a − b) x − 1, B = x 2 + 3x + c Ǵς‫ ޕ‬A = B Ǵ

߾ a + 2b + 3c =

3-32
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤

ҥБ࣬ᜢϦԄ‫ံޑ‬к

x 3 + y 3 = ( x + y ) ⋅ ( x 2 − xy + y 2 ) ᆀࣁ”ҥБ‫ک‬ϦԄ”ȐӃҥБӆ࣬уȑǴ

Զ x 3 − y 3 = ( x − y ) ⋅ ( x 2 + xy + y 2 ) ߾ᆀࣁ”ҥБৡϦԄ”ȐӃҥБӆ࣬෧ȑǴ

а΢‫ঁٿ‬ҥБ‫ޑ‬ϦԄǴଯύ཮Ҕ‫ډ‬Ȑа߻ឦ୯ύጄൎȑǴёаҔ

x 3 ± y 3 = ( x ± y ) ⋅ ( x 2 m xy + y 2 ) ӝ‫߄ٳ‬ϐǶ

ᆶ΢ӈ‫ٿ‬ϦԄ”ߏளࡐႽ”‫ޑ‬Ǵߡࢂ (a + b) 3 = a 3 + 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 + b 3 ᆀࣁ

ȸ‫ޑک‬ҥБϦԄȹǴԶ (a − b) 3 = a 3 − 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 − b 3Ǵ߾ᆀࣁȸৡ‫ޑ‬ҥБ

ϦԄȹǴа΢‫ٿ‬ϦԄӝ‫( ࣁٳ‬a ± b) 3 = a 3 ± 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 ± b 3 ӝᆀࣁ”ֹӄҥ

БϦԄ”Ƕ

‫ځ‬ჴ (a + b) 3 = a 3 + 3a 2 b + 3ab 2 + b 3 ࢂΒ໨Ԅ‫ۓ‬౛ (a + b) nǴ྽ n=3 ਔ‫ޑ‬

৖໒ԄǴύ୯ֺරኧᏢৎླྀ፵‫ܭ‬Ջϡ 1261 ԃӧ‫܌‬๱‫”ޑ‬၁ှΐകኧᏢ”

΋ਜύǴനԐइᒵΒ໨৖໒Ԅ‫߯ޑ‬ኧ߄:

ps : (a + b) 4 = 1a 4 + 4a 3b + 6a 2 b 2 + 4ab 3 + 1b 4 ⇒ ௢ቶ (a − b) 4 = [a + (−b)]4

3-33
 ླྀ፵ᇥǴԜ߄ࢂрԾчֺၘᏦϐЋǴӢԜύ୯ᆀࣁȨླྀ፵Ο‫׎ف‬ȩ

‫܈‬ȨၘᏦΟ‫׎ف‬ȩǶӧኻࢪ߾ᆀࣁȨЃථь Pascal Ο‫׎ف‬ȩࢂࣁΑइ

‫ݤۺ‬୯ኧᏢৎ Pascal.

3-34
ᇞ࿠

QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
BotǺ2/!)C*!!ҘǺ΋ԛ ΌǺதኧ
ЧǺ x ӧϩ҆Ǵ‫܌‬аόࢂ x ‫ޑ‬ӭ໨Ԅ
΍ǺΒԛ
!!!!!3/!)B*!!!4/)E*!!!5/!)D*!!!6/!)B*!!!7/!)E*
!!!!!8/ − 17 x 2 + 8 x + 4
!!9/ 2(2 x + 9 + 3x − 5) + 2( x − 1)
= 12 x + 6

!!!!!:/Οᜐ‫)ࡋߏޑ‬ջಃΖᚒ‫܌‬๏‫ޑ‬
Οᜐߏ*
!!!!!21/!.25!) a = −9, b = 3, c = −7 *

QBSU!4Ǻ຾໘ࡷᏯᚒ

1.

ှǺ

AnsǺ(A)

3-35
2.

⎧⎪ A − 2 B = −2 x 2 + x + 5.......... ..(1)
ှǺ ⎨
⎪⎩2 A + 3B = −4 x 2 − 7 x + 17 ......( 2)

(1) ⋅ 2 : 2 A − 4 B = −4 x 2 + 2 x + 10.......( 3)

( 2) − (3) : 7 B = − 9 x + 7

−9
B= x +1
7

−9
AnsǺ x +1
7

3.

ှǺ
A = B Ǵ߾ӕԛ໨ჹᔈ࣬฻
ջ ax 2 = x 2 ,∴ a = 1
( a − b) x = 3 x

1 − b = 3,∴ b = −2

−1 = c

ࡺ a + 2b + 3c
= 1− 4 − 3

= −6

BotǺ.7

3-36
 3.3 ӭ໨Ԅ४‫ݤ‬

QBSU!J
QBSU!JǺЬᚒ௖઩୔

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2Ǻ ൂ໨४ൂ໨
2 3
)2* ɡ ⋅ x !>!
3

)3* ɡ4 x ⋅ !6 x 3!>

)4* )ɡ4 x *3 ⋅ !6 x 3!>!: x 3 ⋅ !6 x 3!>!

2 3 4 5
BotǺ)2* ɡ x !)3* ɡ26 x !)4*!56 x
3

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3Ǻ ൂ໨४ӭ໨

)2* 9!)3 x 3ɡ6*>

)3* ɡ6 x !)4 x 3ɡ5 x ,6*>

)4* )ɡ3 x ,8*)ɡ4 x *>

BotǺ)2*!27 x 3ɡ51!

)3*!ɡ26 x 4,31 x 3ɡ36 x

)4* 7 x 3ɡ32 x

3-37
ጄ‫ ٯ‬4Ǻ ӭ໨४ӭ໨

)2* ) x ,5*)ɡ8 x ,9*

> x !)ɡ8 x ,9*,5)ɡ8 x ,9*

!!!!>.8 x 3,9 x ɡ39 x ,43

!!!!>

)3* )ɡ x ,3*)ɡ4 x 3ɡ24 x ,:*

>ɡ x !)ɡ4 x 3ɡ24 x ,:*,3)ɡ4 x 3ɡ24 x ,:*

!!!!>4 x 4,24 x 3ɡ: x ɡ7 x 3ɡ37 x ,29

!!!!>

BotǺ!)2*!ɡ8 x 3ɡ31 x ,43!!!!!!!!!)3*!4 x 4,8 x 3ɡ46 x ,29

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5Ǻ ճҔ‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄ଺ӭ໨Ԅ४‫ݤ‬

!)2*!)3 x ,4*3

!!!!>)!!*3!,3)!!*)!!*,)!!*3 ճҔ (a + b) 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2

ё࣪ౣϩଛࡓ‫ޑ‬ၸำ
>5 x 3,23 x ,:!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

)3*!) x 3,2*3

!!!>)!!*3!,3)!!*)!!*,)!!*3 (a + b) 2 = a 2 + 2ab + b 2

> x 5,3 x 3,2!!!

BotǺ)2* 3 x !-3 x !-4!-4!)3* x 3!- x 3!-2!-2

3-38
ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ ճҔৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБϦԄ଺ӭ໨Ԅ४‫ݤ‬

)2*!)4 x .6*3

>)!!*3 .3)!!*)!!*,)!!*3

>: x 3.41 x ,36!!!!!!

)3*!)5 x 3.4*3

!!!>)!!*3 .3)!!*)!!*,)!!*3

>27 x 5.35 x 3,:!!!

BotǺ)2* 4 x !-4 x !-6!-6!)3* 5 x 3!-5 x 3!-4!-4

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻ ճҔѳБৡϦԄ଺ӭ໨Ԅ४‫ݤ‬

)2*!)3 x .4*)3 x ,4*

(a − b)(a + b) = a 2 − b 2
!!!>)!!*3 .)!!*3

!!!>5 x 3.:
1 1
)3*!) x . *) x , *
2 2

!!!>)!!*3 .)!!*3
1
!!!> x 3.
4
1
BotǺ)2* 3 x !-4!)3* x !-
2

3-39
ጄ‫ ٯ‬8Ǻ ճҔϩଛࡓᏤрଯύϦԄ

)2* ) x ,2*) x 3ɡ x ,2*

3 3
ʈҥБ‫ک‬ϦԄ
> x !) x ɡ x ,2*,2) x ɡ x ,2*

!!!!>!

)3* ) x .2*) x 3, x ,2*

>
ʈҥБৡϦԄ
!!!!>

BotǺ)2* x 4,2!!!)3* x 4, x 3, x ɡ x 3ɡ x ɡ2!-! x 4ɡ2

3-40
 QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

)!!*2/Βԛӭ໨Ԅ४а΋ԛӭ໨ԄǴ཮ԋࣁ൳ԛӭ໨Ԅǻ

!!!!!!)B*!3!)C*!4!)D*!5!)E*!ό΋‫ۓ‬Ƕ

)!!*3/Βԛӭ໨Ԅу΋ԛӭ໨ԄǴ཮ԋࣁ൳ԛӭ໨Ԅǻ

)B*!2!)C*!3!)D*!4!)E*!ό΋‫ۓ‬Ƕ

)!!*4/ऩ)4 x ,3*)b x ,c*!>!7 x 3ɡ22 x ,dǴ‫ ؃‬b.c.d ϐॶ>ǻ

!!!!!!)B*!.24!)C*!8!)D*!.4!)E*!28
6 7
)!!*5/ऩ) 49 *) 50 *>b,cǴς‫ ޕ‬b!ࣁ҅᏾ኧЪ 1=c=2Ǵ߾ b>ǻ
13 13

)B*!3561!)C*!355:!)D*!35::!)E*!3611
1
6/ϯᙁ)5 x .27* ⋅ >
4
2 7 3
7/ϯᙁ x Ǹ). x *>
3 12

8/ϯᙁ)6 x 3ɡ23 x ɡ:* ⋅ ).4 x *>

9/ϯᙁ!8)3 x .2*.4)5 x .6*>

:/ϯᙁ).3 x ,2*).6 x .8*>

21/ϯᙁ!) x 3ɡ2*) x ,2*>

3-41
 QBSU!4Ǻ຾໘ࡷᏯᚒ

1 ӭ໨Ԅ A = −3x + 1 Ǵ 3B = 15x + 21Ǵ‫ ؃‬4 A ⋅ B ৖໒Ԅύ x ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧ

ࣁ .

3-42
2 ‫ ( ؃‬x − 3)( x + 2)( x − 1) ৖໒Ԅύ x 2 ໨߯ኧ=

3-43
3 ѓკύǴ ∠G = 90°, ∠H = 90° Ǵ AD = 2 x + 3 Ǵ

BC = 5 x − 1 Ǵ BG = x − 5 Ǵ DH = 4 x − 6

ፎ٩‫ׇ‬ӣเΠӈ 1ɴ3 λᚒ
1
1 ೱ BD Ǵ߾໌‫ ف‬ΔABD य़ᑈ = ⋅ AD ⋅ BG !> ѳБൂՏ
2
1
2 ໌‫ ف‬ΔBCD य़ᑈ = ⋅ BC ⋅ !> ѳ
2

БൂՏ

3 ‫؃‬Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬ABCD य़ᑈ= ѳБൂՏ

3-44
4 ‫( ؃‬− x 2 − 5 x + 3) ⋅ (13x 3 − x − 6) ৖໒ԄύǴ x 2 ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ

ግಞǺऩ (−6 x 2 + 8 x + 7) ⋅ (4 x 2 − ax + 5) ৖໒ԄύǴ x ໨߯ኧࣁ − 2 Ǵ

‫؃‬a =

3-45
5 ં‫ ׎‬ABCDȐӵѓკȑ‫ځ‬ύ AF = 2 Ǵ

AB = 2 x + 1 Ǵ BC = x + 5 Ǵ CE = x Ǵ‫؃‬

ΔBEF य़ᑈ= ѳБൂՏ

3-46
6 ऩ (3x − 1)(4 x 2 + 6 x − 9) = ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d

‫ ؃‬1a +b + c + d =

2a −b+c −d =

3-47
 1 1
8/ऩ 2 x 2 − x + + 3 A = 0 Ǵ߾ӭ໨Ԅ A >
2 4

3-48
 3x 2 − 2 x + 1 2 x 2 + 5 x − 1
9/ϯᙁӭ໨Ԅ −
5 3

3-49
:/၂ᖐΟ‫ٯ‬ᇥܴǺ‫ঁٿ‬Οԛӭ໨Ԅ࣬෧ࡕёૈᡂԋΒԛǵ΋ԛ‫܈‬தኧ

ӭ໨Ԅǻ

3-50
21/ߏБᡏߏǵቨǵଯϩձࣁ ( x + 3), ( x − 2), ( x + 1)

‫)ځ؃‬2*߄य़ᑈ>

!!!!!!)3*ᡏᑈ>!

3-51
22/ҘΌЧ΍ѤΓǴӕਔှΟᚒӭ໨Ԅ४‫ݤ‬Ǵፎୢፔเჹനӭᚒǻ

Ҙ Ό Ч ΍

( x + 3) 2 = x 2 + 9 Ʉ X Ʉ X

(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1) = 2 x 2 − 12 X X Ʉ Ʉ

(3 x − 1) 2 = 9 x 2 − 1 Ʉ X X Ʉ

3-52
 QBSU!JW Ǻၗྍံ๏৤

ᎩԄ‫ۓ‬౛ᆶӢԄ‫ۓ‬౛

‫؃‬ӭ໨Ԅ 2 x 2 − 11x − 15 ନа x − 7 ਔǴᎩԄࣁՖ?

ှǺ

җନ‫ݤ‬চ౛Ǻ೏ନԄ=ନԄ ⋅ ୘Ԅ+ᎩԄ

ёள 2 x 2 − 11x − 15 = ( x − 7) ⋅ (2 x + 3) + 6

྽ x = 7 жΕ㚌฻Ԅள

2 ⋅ 7 2 − 11 ⋅ 7 − 15 = 0 ⋅ 17 + 6

98 − 77 − 15 = 6

ё٬Ѱѓ‫ٿ‬ᜐ࣬฻ǴԜॶ࡞ࣁᎩԄǶ

྽ନԄࣁ΋ԛӭ໨ԄਔȐ‫ځ‬ᎩԄѸࣁதኧȑǴట‫؃‬ᎩԄǶҗନ‫ݤ‬চ

౛Ǻ೏ନԄ=ନԄ ⋅ ୘Ԅ+ᎩԄё‫ޕ‬Ǵᒧ᏷፾྽‫ ޑ‬x ॶжΕǴ٬ளନԄ

⋅ ୘Ԅ೭΋໨ࣁ 0Ǵ߾೏ନԄ‫܌‬ளϐॶջࣁᎩԄǴԜջࣁ”ᎩԄ‫ۓ‬౛”

‫ ٯ‬1:‫ ( ؃‬x 3 − 17 x 2 − 9 x + 11) ⎟ ( x + 1) ‫ޑ‬ᎩԄ

3-53
ှǺ

җନ‫ݤ‬চ౛‫ޕ‬Ǻ ( x 3 − 17 x 2 − 9 x + 11) = ( x + 1) ⋅ ୘Ԅ+ᎩԄ

྽ x = −1 жΕ x 3 − 17 x 2 − 9 x + 11

= − 1 − 17 + 9 + 11
=2

ளᎩԄ=2

‫ ٯ‬2:‫ ( ؃‬x 3 + x 2 + x + 1) ⎟ ( x + 1) ‫ޑ‬ᎩԄ

ှǺ

྽ x = −1 жΕ x 3 + x 2 + x + 1

= −1+1−1+1
=0

ளᎩԄ=0Ǵջ᏾ନ

྽ᎩԄ=0Ǵᆀ‫”ࣁځ‬ӢԄ‫ۓ‬౛”ǶΨ൩ࢂᇥǴӢԄ‫ۓ‬౛ࢂᎩԄ‫ۓ‬౛

‫ޑ‬੝‫ٯ‬Ƕ

3-54
‫ ٯ‬3: ӭ໨Ԅ 3x 2 − 7 x − 6 = (3x + 2) ⋅ ( x − 3)

྽x−3= 0⇒ x = 3

жΕ 3x 2 − 7 x − 6

= 3⋅ 9 − 7 ⋅ 3 − 6
=0

ግಞ 3Ǻ ‫ׯ‬ԋ 3x 2 − 7 x + a ࢂ x − 3 ‫ޑ‬७Ԅ

‫؃‬a =

3-55
‫ ٯ‬4: ऩ 2 x − 1 ࢂ 8 x 2 − mx + 3 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴ‫ ؃‬m =

ှǺ

8 x 2 − mx + 3 = (2 x − 1) ⋅ A
1
྽ 2x − 1 = 0 ⇒ x =
2

жΕ 8 x 2 − mx + 3
1 1
ள8⋅ − m+3=0
4 2
1
5= m
2
∴ m = 10

ግಞ 4ǺӕᏢգ‫ޕ‬ၰ ( x − 1)( x100 + x 99 + x 98 + L + x + 1) ৖໒Ԅࢂϙሶ༏ǻᡣ

‫ॺך‬৖໒ᏢಞϐਓǼ

Ʉ
2 x 2 −1 =

Ʉ
3 x 3 −1 =

Ʉ
4 x 4 −1 =

аԜᜪ௢ёளǺ x101 −1 =

Ʉ
5 ፎճҔ΢य़ೕ߾Ǵीᆉ 2100 + 2 99 + 2 98 + L + 2 + 1 =

3-56
ግಞ 6Ǻऩ x 2007 + x 2006 + x 2005 + L + x + 1 = 0 Ǵ‫ ؃‬x 2008 =

3-57
ှเ

QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

BotǺ2/!!!)C*

3/!!!)C*

4/!!!)E*

5/ )D*

6/ x .5!!
7 4
7/. x
18

8/.26 x 4,47 x 3,38 x

9/!3 x ,9!!!

:/21 x 3,: x ɡ8!!!!!

21/ x 4, x 3ɡ x ɡ2

7 7 7
ံкᇥܴǺ5/ȴLfzȵ)61. *)61, *>613 ȉ) *3
13 13 13
49 49
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!>3611. !>35::,)2. *
169 169

3-58
QBSU!4Ǻ຾໘ࡷᏯᚒ

1.

ှǺ

4 A = 4( −3 x + 1) = −12 x + 4

3B = 15x + 21
1
B = (15 x + 21) = 5 x + 7
3
∴ 4 A ⋅ B = ( −12 x + 4) ⋅ (5 x + 7)

= −60 x 2 − 84 x + 20 x + 28

= −60 x 2 − 64 x + 28

x ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ − 64

AnsǺ − 64
2.

ှǺ ( x − 3)( x + 2)( x − 1)

= ( x − 3)( x 2 + x − 2)

x 2 ໨ ⇒ x 2 − 3 x 2 = −2 x 2

x 2 ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ − 2

AnsǺ − 2

3-59
3.

7 15 41 2 9
AnsǺ1 x 2 − x − 2 DH Ǵ 10 x 2 − 17 x + 3 311x 2 − x −
2 2 2 2

4.

ှǺ (− x 2 − 5 x + 3) ⋅ (13x 3 − x − 6)

x 2 ໨ ⇒ − x 2 ⋅ (−6) + (−5 x) ⋅ (− x) = 11x 2

x 2 ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧ = 11

AnsǺ 11

ᒭ฾Κ

ှǺ

(−6 x 2 + 8 x + 7) ⋅ (4 x 2 − ax + 5)

x ໨ ⇒ 8 x ⋅ 5 + 7 ⋅ (− ax) = −2 x

40 x − 7ax = −2 x

40 − 7a = −2

a=6

AnsǺ 6

3-60
5.

ှǺ DE = x + 1 Ǵ DF = x + 3

ΔBEF = ં‫ ׎‬ABCD − ( ΔABF + ΔBCE + ΔDEF )

1
= ( x + 5)(2 x + 1) − [2(2 x + 1) + x( x + 5) + ( x + 1)( x + 3)]
2
1
= 2 x 2 + 11x + 5 − (4 x + 2 + x 2 + 5 x + x 2 + 4 x + 3)
2
1
= 2 x 2 + 11x + 5 − ( 2 x 2 + 13 x + 5)
2
13 5
= 2 x 2 + 11x + 5 − x 2 − x−
2 2
9 5
= x2 + x+
2 2

9 5
AnsǺ x 2 + x +
2 2

6.

ှǺ

Ԝᚒࣁ㚌฻ԄǴ x жΕҺཀኧѸё٬‫ٿ‬ᜐ฻ॶǶ

όѸ੿‫ޑ‬৖໒ϩձ‫؃‬р a, b, c, d

1 x = 1 жΕ (3 − 1)( 4 + 6 − 9) = a + b + c + d

2 = a+b+c+d

3-61
 2 x = −1 жΕ (−3 − 1)(4 − 6 − 9) = − a + b − c + d

( −4)( −11) = − a + b − c + d

a − b + c − d = −44

AnsǺ1 2 2 − 44

7.
ှǺ
1 1
2x 2 − x + + 3A = 0
2 4
1 1
3 A = −2 x 2 + x−
2 4
2 1 1
A = − x2 + x −
3 6 12
2 1 1
BotǺ A = − x 2 + x −
3 6 12

8.

ှǺ

3x 2 − 2 x + 1 2 x 2 + 5 x − 1
−
5 3
9 x 2 − 6 x + 3 10 x 2 + 25 x − 5
= −
15 15
9 x 2 − 6 x + 3 − 10 x 2 − 25 x + 5
=
15
− x 2 − 31x + 8
=
15
!!!!)Ϫ૶Ǻόёቪԋ − x 2 − 31x + 8 ǴӢࣁԜᚒࣁϯᙁԶߚှБำԄǴ
‫܌‬аόёѐϩ҆*

− x 2 − 31x + 8
BotǺ
15

3-62
9.

ှǺ

!!!!)2*ऩ A = x 3 + x 2 + 1

B = x3 + 2x 2 + 6

⇒ A − B = − x 2 − 5 ǾǾǾǾΒԛӭ໨Ԅ

!!!!)3*ऩ C = x 3 + x 2 + 2 x + 1

D = x3 + x2 + x − 6

⇒ C − D = x + 7 ǾǾǾǾ ΋ԛӭ໨Ԅ

!!!!)4*ऩ E = x 3 + x 2 + x + 9

F = x3 + x2 + x + 3

⇒ E − F = 6 ǾǾǾǾǾ தኧӭ໨Ԅ

21/

ှǺ

!!!)2*! 2[( x + 3)( x − 2) + ( x − 2)( x + 1) + ( x + 1)( x + 3)]

= 2( x 2 + x − 6 + x 2 − x − 2 + x 2 + 4 x + 3)

= 2(3x 2 + 4 x − 5)

= 6 x 2 + 8 x − 10

3-63
!!!)3* ( x + 3)( x − 2)( x + 1)

= ( x + 3)( x 2 − x − 2)

= x 3 + 2x 2 − 5x − 6

BotǺ)2*! 6 x 2 + 8 x − 10 )3* x 3 + 2 x 2 − 5 x − 6

11.

ှǺ
( x + 3) 2 = x 2 + 6 x + 9
(2 x + 1)(2 x − 1) = (2 x) 2 − (1) 2
= 4x 2 −1
(3 x − 1) 2 = 9 x 2 − 6 x + 1

ࡺЬᚒ௶ॊ֡ᒱ

‫܌‬аΌΟᚒ֡բเ҅ዴ

BotǺΌ

3-64
QBSU!JW Ǻၗྍံ๏৤

ᒭ฾ 3Κ

ှǺ

3x 2 − 7 x + a = ( x − 3) ⋅ A

྽ x = 3 жΕ 3x 2 − 7 x + a ཮฻‫ ܭ‬0Ǵ

ջ 3⋅ 9 − 7 ⋅ 3 + a = 0

∴ a = −6

ግಞ 5Ǻ

ှǺ

Ʉ
2 ( x − 1) ⋅ ( x + 1)

Ʉ
3 ( x − 1) ⋅ ( x 2 + x + 1)

Ʉ
4 ( x − 1) ⋅ ( x 3 + x 2 + x + 1) Ǵ

ᜪ௢Ǻ ( x − 1)( x100 + x 99 + x 98 + L + x + 1)

Ʉ
5 ( 2 − 1)(2100 + 2 99 + 2 98 + L + 2 + 1) = 2101 − 1

∴ 2100 + 2 99 + 2 98 + L + 2 + 1 = 2101 − 1

3-65
ግಞ 6Ǻ

ှǺ

ճҔ ( x − 1) ⋅ ( x 2007 + x 2006 + x 2005 + L + x + 1) = x 2008 − 1

( x − 1) ⋅ 0 = x 2008 − 1

0 = x 2008 − 1

∴ x 2008 = 1

3-66
 3.4!ӭ໨Ԅ‫ޑ‬ନ‫ݤ‬
QBSU!J ǺЬᚒ௖઩୔

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2Ǻ ൂ໨Ԅନаൂ໨Ԅ

x3
Ʉ
2 3 2
x ⎟ x = 2 =x
x

− 4x 4 4
Ʉ
3 4
− 4 x ⎟ 3x = = − x3
3x 3

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3Ǻ ӭ໨Ԅନаൂ໨Ԅ

ϯᙁΠӈӚԄ

− 18 x 2 + 16 x
Ʉ
2 =
4x

3 (27 x 3 − 12 x ) ⎟ 3 x =
Ʉ
−9
BotǺɄ
2 x+4 Ʉ
3 9x 2 − 4
2

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4Ǻ ‫ ؃‬5 x 2 − 15 x + 50 ନа 5 x ‫ޑ‬୘ԄᆶᎩԄ

ှǺ

ନԄલதኧ໨ाံ 1

BotǺ୘Ԅ; x − 3 ᎩԄ; 50

3-67
Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬
2ǵӭ໨Ԅନ‫ݤ‬ा੝ձ‫ݙ‬ཀ
2 फ़Ꮘ௨ӈ Ʉ
Ʉ 3 લ໨ံ 1)х֖લதኧ໨*

3ǵࡌ᝼аϩᚆ߯ኧ‫ݤ‬ှᚒ

ግಞ 4Ǻ ‫ ؃‬6 x 2 − 18 x − 13 ନа 3x ‫ޑ‬୘ԄᆶᎩԄ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5Ǻ ‫؃‬Πӈӭ໨Ԅନ‫ޑݤ‬୘ԄᆶᎩԄ
(6 x 2 − x + 7) ⎟ (2 x − 3)

ှǺ

ΰ։ᠦএᑇऄα

BotǺ୘Ԅ; 3x + 4 ᎩԄ;19

3-68
ግಞ 5Ǻ (2 x 2 − x − 3) ⎟ (2 x − 3)

୘ԄǺ
ᎩԄǺ

Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬
2ǵӭ໨Ԅନ‫ݤ‬ύǴ୘ԄᆶᎩԄ‫߯ޑ‬ኧёૈࣁϩኧǶ
3ǵऩᎩԄ>1Ǵ߾ᆀࣁ᏾ନǶ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ (6 x 2 + 4 x + 7) ⎟ (2 x + 3)

5 29
୘ԄǺ 3x − ᎩԄǺ
2 2

3-69
ግಞ 6.2Ǻ (9 x 2 + 5 x + 7) ⎟ (3x − 2)

୘ԄǺ
ᎩԄǺ
ግಞ 6.3Ǻ (5 x 2 − 6 x − 4) ⎟ (5 x + 1)

୘ԄǺ
ᎩԄǺ

Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬
ӭ໨Ԅନ‫ݤ‬ύǴԖલ໨૶ளाံ 1Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻ (4 x 2 − 3) ⎟ (2 x − 1) ೏ନԄલ΋ԛ໨

ှǺ

BotǺ୘Ԅ; 2 x + 1 ᎩԄ; − 2

3-70
ግಞ 7.2Ǻ (15 x 2 + 4 x) ⎟ (3x + 2)

ှǺ
3 + 2 15 + 4 + 0

೏ନԄલதኧ໨

୘ԄǺ
ᎩԄǺ
ግಞ 7.3Ǻ (7 x 2 − 3) ⎟ (3 x + 1)

ှǺ
3 +1 7 + 0 − 3 ೏ନԄલ΋ԛ໨

୘ԄǺ
ᎩԄǺ

3-71
Ɉ҅᏾ኧᆶӭ໨Ԅନ‫ݤ‬Кၨ߄
҅᏾ኧନ‫ݤ‬ ӭ໨Ԅନ‫ݤ‬
13 ⎟ 4 = 3KK1 (2 x 2 − x + 7) ⎟ ( x + 2) = 2 x − 5KK17

13 1 1 2x 2 − x + 7 17
= 3+ = 3 = 2x − 5 +
4 4 4 x+2 x+2

೏ନኧ>୘ ⋅ ନኧ,Ꭹኧ ೏ନԄ>୘Ԅ ⋅ ନԄ,ᎩԄ

!!24!>!4! ⋅ !5!,!2 (2 x 2 − x + 7) = (2 x − 5)( x + 2) + 17

ᙁ૶Ǻ A = BQ + R !!!!!!!!!BǺ೏ନԄ!!!!CǺନԄ

A R
!!!!!!!ps! = Q + !!!!!!!!RǺ୘Ԅ!!!!!!SǺᎩԄ
B B

ጄ‫ ٯ‬8Ǻ ΋ঁӭ໨Ԅନа 2 x + 3 ள‫ډ‬୘Ԅ 5 x − 1 ǴᎩԄࣁ 8Ǵ၂‫؃‬

Ԝӭ໨ԄࣁՖǻ
ှǺ Ԝӭ໨Ԅ>) 2 x + 3 *) 5 x − 1 *,8!!!
Ӄղձ‫ࣁ؃܌‬೏ନԄ
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!>10 x + 13 x − 3 + 7
2

ӆճҔ A = BQ + R
!>10 x + 13x + 4
2

BotǺ 10 x 2 + 13x + 4

ግಞ 8Ǻ ΋ঁӭ໨Ԅନа 5 x − 7 ள‫ډ‬୘Ԅ 4 x + 9 ǴᎩԄࣁ .:Ǵ၂‫؃‬

Ԝӭ໨ԄࣁՖǻ
ှǺ

3-72
 2 x 2 − 15 x + 7 − 11
ጄ‫ ٯ‬9Ǻ ऩ B ࣁ΋ӭ໨ԄǴЪ = x−6+ Ǵ‫؃‬ӭ໨Ԅ B
A A

ࣁՖǻ
ှǺ A = [2 x 2 − 15 x + 7 − (− 11)] ⎟ (x − 6)
[ ]
= 2 x 2 − 15 x + 18 ⎟ ( x − 6 )
Ӄղձ‫ࣁ؃܌‬ନԄ

= 2x − 3
ӆճҔ
ନԄ = )೏ନԄ ɡ ᎩԄ* ⎟ ୘Ԅ

BotǺ 2 x − 3

3x 2 + 11x + 8 −2
ግಞ 9Ǻऩ C ࣁ΋ӭ໨ԄЪ = B+ Ǵ‫؃‬ӭ໨Ԅ C ࣁՖǻ
x+2 x+2

ගҢǺ୘Ԅ>)೏ନԄ.ᎩԄ* ⎟ ନԄ

3-73
 QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

2ǵ‫( ؃‬4 x 2 − 2 x + 6) ⎟ (2 x + 1) ‫ޑ‬୘Ԅ> ᎩԄ>!

3ǵ‫( ؃‬−8 x 2 + 10 x − 5) ⎟ (−4 x + 3) ‫ޑ‬୘Ԅ> ᎩԄ>!

4ǵ‫( ؃‬6 x 2 − 6 x + 8) ⎟ (2 x − 3) ‫ޑ‬୘Ԅ> ᎩԄ>!

5ǵ‫( ؃‬4 x 2 + 1) ⎟ (2 x − 1) ‫ޑ‬୘Ԅ> ᎩԄ>!

6ǵ‫( ؃‬−7 x 2 − 9 x − 5) ⎟ (7 x) ‫ޑ‬୘Ԅ> ᎩԄ>!

3-74
 QBSU!4Ǻ຾໘ࡷᏯᚒ

1 ѓᜐࢂӭ໨Ԅନ‫ޑݤ‬ीᆉၸำǴ٠а

a, b,c,d ߄Ң߯ኧǴ‫ ؃‬a + b + c + d =

3-75
2 ‫([ ؃‬3x 2 − 4 x + 9) − (− x 2 + 3x − 6)] ⎟ ( x − 1) ‫ޑ‬ᎩԄ

3-76
4/ஒӭ໨Ԅ A = ( x + 4)( x − 7) ෧ѐࢌኧࡕ཮ᡂԋ x − 9 ‫ޑ‬७ኧǴ
‫ࢌ؃‬ኧࢂΠӈՖኧǻ
!!)B*.23!)C*37!)D*.21!)E*.2

3-77
5/ ஒ B = (3x + 1)( x − 5) ෧ѐ ax ࡕǴ൩ᡂԋ 3x − 5 ‫ޑ‬७ኧǴ߾ a ёૈࣁΠӈ
Ֆኧǻ
!!)B*.7!)C*23!)D*.23!)E*7

3-78
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤

ύᏢғӭ໨Ԅନ‫ޑݤ‬ᡍᆉБ‫ݤ‬

λܴբӭ໨Ԅନ‫( ݤ‬2 x 2 + 3x + 1) ⎟ (4 x − 1)Ǵаϩᚆ߯ኧ

‫؃ݤ‬୘ԄϷᎩԄǴբ‫ݤ‬ӵѓǺ
1 7 15
λܴ‫܂‬ᆉᒱǴа (2 + 3 + 1) = (4 − 1) ⋅ ( + ) + բᡍᆉǴፎ
2 8 8

ୢΠӈ௶ॊՖ‫҅ޣ‬ዴǻ
)B*!ԜᡍᆉБ‫҅ݤ‬ዴǴऩ ೏ନኧ ≠ ନኧ ⋅ ୘ + ᎩኧǴ߾
ߥ᛾ᆉᒱΑ
)C*!ԜᡍᆉБ‫ݤ‬ᒱᇤǴӢࣁ ೏ନኧ = ନኧ ⋅ ୘ + Ꭹኧ ѝ፾Ҕ‫҅ܭ‬᏾ኧ
)D*!ԜᡍᆉБ‫ݤ‬΋‫ߥૈۓ‬᛾գᆉჹ
)E*!λܴբϩᚆ߯ኧ‫ݤ‬ၸำᒱᇤǴ‫܌‬а൩ᆉᡍᆉБ‫҅ݤ‬ዴΨؒԖҔ

҅ዴเਢȐ˽ȑ

ӭ໨Ԅନ‫ݤ‬ჹಞᄍ‫҅ܭ‬᏾ኧନ‫ޑݤ‬ᏢғԶ‫ق‬Ǵ΋໒‫ࡐۈ‬ᜤௗ‫ڙ‬Ƕ
ନΑा‫ݙ‬ཀɄ
2 फ़Ꮘ௨ӈɄ
3 લ໨ံ႟Ʉ
4 ‫ޔ‬Ԅϩᚆ߯ኧ‫ݤ‬ीᆉǶЪीᆉၸ

ำΞதр౜ϩኧǴаԿ‫ܭ‬ᏢғჹԾρ‫ޑ‬ှเߞЈό‫ ى‬Ƕ
ऩа13 ⎟ 4 = 3 L 1 ࣁ‫ٯ‬Ǵ߾җନ‫ݤ‬চ౛ё‫ ޕ‬13 = 4 ⋅ 3 + 1

‫܌‬аନ‫ݤ‬চ౛Ǻ A ⎟ B = Q L R → A = B ⋅ Q + RȐࣁ΋ࡡ฻ԄǴ྽ x = 1
жΕҭԋҥȑёբࣁᡍᆉ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬Ƕ
Ȩऩ A ≠ B ⋅ Q + R Ǵ߾ߥ᛾ᆉᒱΑǴ
ᇴ‫פז‬рᒱᇤ‫ޑ‬ӦБु҅փǼȩ

3-79
 ՠ A = B ⋅ Q + R ൩΋‫ߥૈۓ‬᛾գ΋‫ۓ‬ᆉჹ༏ǻเਢࢂց‫ޑۓ‬Ƕ
Ϟᖐ΋ᒱှٰ૸ፕǺ

ጄ‫ٯ‬Ǻ‫ ( ؃‬x 2 − 2 x + 1) ⎟ ( x + 1) ‫ޑ‬୘ԄᆶᎩԄǶ

ှǺ

BotǺ୘ԄǺ x − 2 ᎩԄǺ − x + 3

൩΢य़‫ٯ‬ᚒٰᇥǴа x 2 − 2 x + 1 = ( x − 2)( x + x) + (− x + 3)

Ш 1 − 2 + 1 = (1 − 2)(1 + 1) + (−1 + 3) ٰᡍᆉࢂ҅ዴ‫ޑ‬Ǵՠࢂᄽᆉၸำࠅว

ғΑ΋ঁȹܴᡉ‫ޑ‬ᒱᇤȹǴᎩԄ‫ޑ‬നଯԛ‫ک‬ନԄ‫ޑ‬നଯԛ࣬ӕǶ
Ȑी
ᆉၸำҁ‫ي‬Ԗୢᚒȑ
่ፕǺᡍᆉБ‫ݤ‬ѝૈԭϩԭȺୀᒱȻ
Ǵՠόૈԭϩԭߥ᛾գᆉჹǼ
ѝૈᇥቚமգเჹ‫ߞޑ‬ЈǶ

3-80
ᇞ࿠Κ

QBSU!J ǺЬᚒ௖઩୔

ግಞ 4Ǻ
BotǺ ୘ԄǺ 2 x − 6 ᎩԄǺ − 13

ግಞ 5Ǻ
BotǺ ୘ԄǺ x + 1 ᎩԄǺ 0

ግಞ 6Ǻ
11 43 7 13
BotǺɄ
2 ୘ԄǺ 3 x + ᎩԄǺ Ʉ
3 ୘ԄǺ x − ᎩԄǺ −
3 3 5 5

ግಞ 7
BotǺɄ
2 ୘ԄǺ 5 x − 2 ᎩԄǺ5!

7 7 20
3 ୘ԄǺ x −
Ʉ ᎩԄǺ −
3 9 9

ግಞ 8
BotǺ 20 x 2 + 17 x − 72

ግಞ 9
BotǺ 3x + 5

3-81
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
3 25
2 2 x − 2 Ǵ9!!!Ʉ
BotǺɄ 3 2 x − 1 Ǵ.3!!Ʉ
4 3x + -
2 2

9
Ϥ
4 2x + 1Δ 2 Ϥ
5 − x − Δ−5
7

QBSU!4Ǻ຾໘ࡷᏯᚒ
1.

ှǺ

Q 4ax = −12 x ∴a = −3

2 x ⋅ 8 = cx ∴c = 16

d − ( −24) = 18

d + 24 = 18 ∴d = −6

b − ( −12) = c

b + 12 = 16 ∴b = 4

ࡺ a + b + c + d = − 3 + 4 + 16 − 6 = 11

AnsǺ 11

3-82
2.

ှǺ [3x 2 − 4 x + 9 + x 2 − 3 x + 6] ⎟ ( x − 1)

= (4 x 2 − 7 x + 15) ⎟ ( x − 1)

AnsǺᎩԄ = 12

3.

ှǺ
A = ( x + 4)( x − 7)

= x 2 − 3 x − 28
ஒ ( x 2 − 3x − 28) ⎟ ( x − 9)

྽ࢌኧࣁ 37 ਔǴ x 2 − 3x − 28 − 26
= x 2 − 3 x − 54
= ( x + 6)( x − 9)

BotǺ)C*

3-83
4.

ှǺ
B = (3 x + 1)( x − 5)

= 3 x 2 − 14 x − 5
၂բ (3 x 2 + bx − 5) ⎟ (3x − 5)

‫܌‬а b = −2
− 14 x − (ax) = −2 x

∴ a = −12

!!BotǺ)D*

3-84
 ಃΟнЬᚒΟѳБਥ
4.2 ѳБਥ‫ۺཷޑ‬
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
઩΋Ǻᇡ᛽ѳБኧ
௖઩΋Ǻ
‫ॺך‬೿‫ޕ‬ၰ҅Б‫ޑ׎‬य़ᑈ฻‫ܭ‬ᜐߏ‫ޑ‬ѳБǴ‫ॺך‬ΨёаவΠय़‫ޑ‬Б਱
ύਣрय़ᑈࣁ 2ǵ5ǵ:ǵ27ǵǾ฻‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬ǴӵΠკ‫܌‬ҢǺ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2
ֹԋΠ߄Ǻ
a 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
a2 1 4 9 16 25 36 49 64 81 100
a 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
a2 121 144 169 196 225 256 289 324 361 400

ግಞ 1 ֹԋΠ߄Ǻ
a 21 22 23 24 25
a2
௖઩Β
௖઩ΒǺᇡ᛽ѳБਥ
2/ ჹ‫ܭ‬΋҅ኧ aǴऩ΋ኧ b ᅈ‫ ى‬b2>aǴ߾ b ࢂ a ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶҗ‫ܭ‬
).b*×).b*>b2>aǴ‫܌‬а.b Ψࢂ a ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǹӢԜ b ᆶ.b ೿ࢂ a
‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ‫ٯ‬ӵǺ(3)2=:Ǵ(-3)2=:ǹ‫܌‬а 4 ᆶ.4 ᆀࣁࢂ : ‫ޑ‬ѳБ
ਥȐ‫܈‬ΒԛБਥȑǶ
3/ Ӣࣁ 1 ‫ޑ‬ѳБ฻‫ ܭ‬1Ǵ‫܌‬а 1 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥѝԖ΋ঁኧ 1Ƕ

3-85
 4/ Ӣࣁ‫פ‬ό‫ډ‬΋ኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБ฻‫ॄܭ‬ኧǴ‫܌‬аॄኧؒԖѳБਥǶ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬2
‫؃‬ΠӈӚኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǺ
25
)2*75!!!!!)3*255!!!!!!!)4*1/47!!!!!!)5*
49

ှǺ)2*Ӣࣁ 93>).9*3>75Ǵ‫܌‬а!9 ᆶ.9 ೿ࢂ 75 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ

)3*Ӣࣁ 122=(-12)2=144Ǵ‫܌‬а 12 ᆶ-12 ೿ࢂ 144 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ
)4*Ӣࣁ)1/7*2=).1/7*2=1/47Ǵ
‫܌‬а 1/7 ᆶ.1/7 ೿ࢂ 1/47 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ
5 5 25 5 5 25
(4)Ӣࣁ ( ) 2 = (− ) 2 = Ǵ‫܌‬а ᆶ − ೿ࢂ ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ
7 7 49 7 7 49

ግಞ 2
‫؃‬ΠӈӚኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǺ
16
)2*92!!!!!)3*2:7!!!!!!!)4*3/36!!!!!!)5*
121

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3 ‫؃‬ΠӈӚኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǺ
(1)484 (2) 1225 (3)24×52×72 (4)-9
ှǺ(1)ճҔอନ‫ݤ‬ஒ 484 ϩှ
2 484
484=22×112
2 242
=(2×11)2
11 121
=222
11
‫܌‬а 484 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 22 ᆶ-22
(2)ճҔอନ‫ݤ‬ஒ 1225 ϩှ
1225=52×72 5 1225
=(5×7)2 5 245
=352 7 49
‫܌‬а 1225 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 35 ᆶ-35 7
(3) 24×52×72=(22×5×7)2
3-86
 =(70)2
‫܌‬а 24×52×72 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 70 ᆶ-70
(4)Ӣࣁ‫פ‬ό‫ډ‬΋ኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБ฻‫ܭ‬-:Ǵ
‫܌‬а -9 ؒԖѳБਥ
ግಞ 3
‫؃‬ΠӈӚኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǺ
(1)22×54×72 (2)4356 (3) -1

௖઩Ο
௖઩ΟǺᇡ᛽ѳБਥ‫߄ޑ‬Ң‫ݤ‬
2/ჹ‫ܭ‬Һ΋҅ኧ aǴa ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥа a ߄ҢǴ a ᠐բਥဦ a ‫܈‬Βԛ
ਥဦ aǴa ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥа. a ߄ҢǴ᠐բॄਥဦ aǶ
‫ٯ‬ӵǺ: ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 9 )>4*Ϸ. 9 )>.4*Ƕ
!!!!!!!!3 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 2 ᆶ − 2 Ƕ
8 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 7 ᆶ − 7 Ƕ
3/ऩ΋ঁ҅Б‫ޑ׎‬य़ᑈࣁ aǴ߾ᜐߏࣁ a ǹЪᅈ‫ ( ى‬a ) 2 = a Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4
‫؃‬рΠӈӚኧ‫ॶޑ‬Ǻ
(1) 36 (2) − 169 (3)11 ‫҅ޑ‬Бਥ (4)5 ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥ
ှǺ)2*Ӣࣁ 47>72Ǵ‫܌‬а 47 ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 7Ǵҭջ 36 =ˉ
)3*Ӣࣁ 27:>).13*2Ǵ‫܌‬а 169 ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ.24Ǵҭջ − 169 = −13
)4*22 ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥ> 11
)5*5 ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥ= − 5

ግಞ 4
‫؃‬рΠӈӚኧ‫ॶޑ‬Ǻ
(1) 225 (2) − 16 (3)13 ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥ (4)8 ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥ

3-87
ጄ‫ ٯ‬5
‫؃‬рΠӈӚኧ‫ॶޑ‬Ǻ

25 1
(1) (2) 2 (3)( − 0.09 )2 (ˇʼ ( 5 ) 2
49 4

25 5 25 5 25 5
ှǺ(1)Ӣࣁ = ( ) 2 Ǵ‫܌‬а ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥ= Ǵҭջ =
49 7 49 7 49 7

1 9 3 1 3 1 3
(2)Ӣࣁ 2 = = ( ) 2 Ǵ‫܌‬а 2 ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥ= Ǵҭջ 2 =
4 4 2 4 2 4 2

(3)Ӣࣁ( − 0.09 )2= ( 0.09 ) 2 = 0.09

(4) ( 5 ) 2 =ˈ
ግಞ 5
‫؃‬рΠӈӚኧ‫ॶޑ‬Ǻ

64 1
(1) (2) 6 (3)( − 1.69 )2 (4) ( 7 ) 2
9 4

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6 ऩ 5xɠ1 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ ²6Ǵ߾ xЀ2 ɨǻ

ှǺӢࣁ( ²6)2=36Ǵ
‫܌‬а 5x+1=36
߾ x=7
ӢԜ xЀ2 = 7 + 2 = 9 = 3

ግಞ 6
ऩɡ5 ࢂ 9ɠ2x ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥǴ߾Ǻ
)˞* x>ǻ )˟* 3xɠ1 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁǻ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7
ऩ xɡ2yɡ4 ࢂ 16 ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥǴЪ 2xɠ5yɡ10 ࢂ 9 ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥǴ߾
xǵy ӚࢂӭϿǻ

3-88
ှǺӢࣁ 16 ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ 5Ǵ
‫܌‬а xɡ2yɡ4=5Ǵ
ΞӢࣁ 9 ‫ॄޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ-4Ǵ
‫܌‬а 2xɠ5yɡ10=-3
⎧x − 2 y − 4 = 4
ӢԜёள ⎨
⎩2 x + 5 y − 10 = −3

⎧ x − 2 y = 8....(1)
ϯᙁள ⎨
⎩2 x + 5 y = 7....(2)

(1)×2-(2) ёள -9y=9
߾ y=-2Ǵx=10
ግಞ 7
೛ xɠyɠ1 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ²3ǴЪɡ2 ࢂ 3xɡ2yɠ5 ‫ޑ‬΋ঁѳБਥǴ‫؃‬Ǻ
)˞* xǴy ϐॶǶ
)˟* 2xɠ6y ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ

௖઩Ѥ
௖઩ѤǺБਥ‫ޑ‬ελКၨ
1.ऩ 0ɦaɦbǴ߾ a ɦ b Ƕ
2.ऩ 0ɦaɦbǴ߾ a2 ɦb2 Ƕ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬8
Кၨ 5Ǵ 15 Ǵ 17 ‫ޑ‬ελ Ƕ
ှǺ42=16Ǵ ( 15 ) 2 = 15 Ǵ ( 17 ) 2 = 17
Ӣࣁ 16ɦ27ɦ28Ǵ
‫܌‬а 15 ɦ5ɦ 17

ግಞ 8
Кၨ 9Ǵ 63 Ǵ 65 ‫ޑ‬ελ Ƕ

3-89
௖઩ϖ
௖઩ϖǺѳБਥ‫߈ޑ‬՟ॶ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬9
ճҔΜϩၳ߈‫ ؃ݤ‬2 ‫ॶޑ‬Ǵ٠ҔѤ௭ϖΕ‫ډڗݤ‬λኧಃ΋ՏǶ
ှǺӢࣁ
2 2
( 2 ) 2 = 2 Ǵ2 >2Ǵ2 =5ǹ
Ꮲಞ฼ౣǺ
Ꮲಞ฼ౣ

җ‫ ܭ‬2ɦ2ɦ4 ‫ ע‬2 ࣮ԋय़ᑈࣁ 2 ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬ϐᜐ

‫܌‬а 1ɦ 2 ɦ2 ߏǶ
4
2 ӧኧጕ΢ࢂՏ‫ ܭ‬2ǵ3 ϐ໔Ǵ 1 2
1 2 2

0 1 2
ஒ 1 ᆶ 2 ϐ໔ϩԋΜ฻ϩǴள‫ ډ‬1.1ǵ1.2ǵ1.3ǵ…ǵ1.9ǹ

1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2

Ӣࣁ(1.1)2=1.21Ǵ(1.2)2=1.44Ǵ(1.3)2=1.69Ǵ(1.4)2=1.96Ǵ(1.5)2=2.26ǹ
җ‫ ܭ‬1.96ɦ2ɦ2.25
‫܌‬а 1.4ɦ 2 ɦ1.5Ǵҭջ 2 ϟ‫ ܭ‬1.4 ᆶ 1.5 ϐ໔ǹ
ஒ 1.4 ᆶ 1.5 ϐ໔ӆϩԋΜ฻ϩǴள‫ ډ‬1.41ǵ1.42ǵ1.43ǵ…ǵ1.49ǹ

1.4 1.5
Ӣࣁ (1.41) =1.9881Ǵ(1.42)2=2.0164Ǵ
2

‫܌‬а 1.41ɦ 2 ɦ1.42

ջ 2 =1.41Ǿ
Ѥ௭ϖΕ‫߈ڗ‬՟ॶ‫ډ‬λኧᗺࡕಃ΋ՏǴ 2 ɭ1.4
ख़ፄӕኬ‫ޑ‬ၸำ൩ёа‫ډפ‬λኧಃ 3 Տǵಃ 4 ՏǵǾ‫ޑ‬ኧǹႽ೭
ᅿճҔΜ฻ϩٰ೴ᅌၳ߈ 2 ӧኧጕ΢‫ޑ‬Տ࿼ǴԶ‫؃‬ள߈՟ॶ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬
ᆀࣁΜϩၳ߈‫ݤ‬
Μϩၳ߈‫ݤ‬Ƕ
Μϩၳ߈‫ݤ‬
ճҔѤ௭ϖΕ‫ډ؃ݤ‬λኧಃ΋Տ‫߈ޑ‬՟ॶਔǴᆉ‫ډ‬λኧಃΒՏ
ਔǴѝाዴ‫ ۓ‬2 ࢂցε‫܈ܭ‬฻‫ ܭ‬1.45 ջёǹӵ݀ε‫܈ܭ‬฻‫ ܭ‬1.45 ջ
຾Տள߈՟ॶ 1.6ǹӵ݀λ‫ ܭ‬1.45 ջ௭కள߈՟ॶ 1.4Ƕ
Ӣࣁ(1.45)2=2.1026ǹ‫܌‬а 2 ɦ1.46ǴӢԜ 2 ɭ1.4

3-90
ግಞ 9
၂аΜϩၳ߈‫ ؃ݤ‬6 ‫߈ޑ‬՟ॶȐаѤ௭ϖΕ‫ډ؃ݤ‬λኧಃ΋Տȑ
Ƕ

௖઩Ϥ
௖઩ϤǺࢗ߄‫؃ݤ‬ѳБਥॶ)
ࢗ߄‫؃ݤ‬ѳБਥॶ)ёૈࣁ߈՟ॶ*
ёૈࣁ߈՟ॶ*
N N2 N 10 N

11 121 3.316 625 10.48809

12 144 3.464 102 10.95445
13 169 3.605 551 11.40175
14 196 3.741 657 11.83216
15 225 3.872 983 12.24745
16 256 4.000 000 12.64911
17 289 4.123 106 13.03840
18 324 4.242 641 13.41641
19 361 4.358 899 13.78405
20 400 4.472 136 14.14214
ಃ΋Չࣁ NǴ߄Ң೭΋Չ‫܌‬ӈр‫҅ޑ‬᏾ኧǶ
ಃΒՉࣁ N2Ǵ߄Ң೭΋Չ‫܌‬ӈр҅᏾ኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБǶ
ಃΟՉࣁ N Ǵ߄Ң೭΋Չ‫܌‬ӈр‫ࢂޑ‬၀ኧ‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥ‫߈ޑ‬՟ॶǶ
ಃѤՉࣁ 10 N Ǵ߄Ң೭΋Չ‫܌‬ӈр‫ࢂޑ‬၀ኧ‫ ޑ‬21 ७‫҅ޑ‬ѳБਥ‫߈ޑ‬
՟ॶǶ

‫ٯ‬ӵǺ
ಃ΋ՉύԖ΋ঁ҅᏾ኧ 15ǹ
ಃΒՉ N2 ύᆶ 14 ӕӈ‫ޑ‬ኧࢂ 197Ǵж߄ 142=197ǹ
ಃΟՉ N ύᆶ 14 ӕӈ‫ޑ‬ኧࢂ 3.741658Ǵж߄ 14 ɨ3.741658ǹ
ಃѤՉ 10 N ύᆶ 14 ӕӈ‫ޑ‬ኧࢂ 11.83217Ǵж߄ 140 ɨ11.83217Ƕ

3-91
ጄ‫ ٯ‬10
ፎਥᏵ΢ॊ‫ޑ‬४Б໒Б߄Ǵ‫؃‬рΠӈӚԄϐॶǶ
(1) 18 (2) 120 (3) 17 2 (4) 361
ှǺ
(1) 18 = 4,242641 (2) 120 = 10.95445 (3) 17 2 = 289
(4) 361 = 19 2 = 19

ግಞ 10
ፎਥᏵ΢ॊ‫ޑ‬४Б໒Б߄Ǵ‫؃‬рΠӈѳБਥϐॶǶ
(1) 19 (2) 130 (3) 289

3-92
 QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
1.ΠӈӚ௶ॊύǴ҅ዴፎѺȨɄȩ
ǴᒱᇤፎѺȨ˜ȩǺ
( )(1)Ӣࣁɡ9ɨɡ32Ǵʀɡ3ࢂɡ9 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥ
( )(2) 16 = ±4
( )(3)0 ؒԖѳБਥ
1 3
( )(4) 2 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ ±
4 2

( )(5) 81 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥ ²9
( )(6) (−11) 2 = −11

2.‫؃‬рΠӈӚኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǺ
7
(1)25 (2)1 (3)0.0049 (4)34×52×76
9

3.‫؃‬рΠӈӚኧ‫ॶޑ‬Ǻ

1
(1) (−16) 2 (2) 4900 (3) 7 (4) (− 5 ) 2
9

4.ճҔ኱ྗϩှԄ‫؃‬ΠӈӚኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǺ
(1)576 (2) 5184

5.ऩɡ3 ࣁ 3aɠbɠ1 ϐ΋ঁѳБਥǴЪ aɠ2bɠ3 ϐѳБਥࣁ²2Ǵ

߾(1) a =ǻ b=ǻ (2) aɡb ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥɨǻ

3-93
6.Ԗ΋ঁᜐߏࣁ a Ϧϩ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬Ǵय़ᑈࣁ 43 ѳБϦϩǴ߾Πӈ௶ॊ
Ֆ‫҅ޣ‬ዴǻ)˽* 5ɦaɦ6 )˾* 6ɦaɦ7 )˿* 7ɦaɦ8 )̀* 8ɦaɦ9Ƕ

7.ς‫ ޕ‬4.352ɨ18.9225Ǵ4.362ɨ19.0096Ǵ4.3552ɨ18.966025ǴճҔѤ
௭ϖΕ‫ ؃ݤ‬19 ‫߈ޑ‬՟ॶ‫ډ‬λኧಃΒՏɨ Ƕ

12
8. ‫؃‬ ɨ
27

9. ೛ mɨ34Ø52Ø72Ǵ߾ m ɨ

10.ϟ‫ ܭ‬20 ᆶ 50 ϐ໔‫ޑ‬᏾ኧԖব٤ǻ

11.ᢀჸΠ߄Ǵё‫ ޕ‬5 ‫߈ޑ‬՟ॶϟ‫ܭ‬Πӈব‫ঁٿ‬ኧϐ໔ǻ

N 2.21 2.22 2.23 2.24 2.25
N2 4.8841 4.9284 4.9729 5.0176 5.0625
)˽* 2.21Ǵ2.22 )˾* 2.22Ǵ2.23 )˿* 2.23Ǵ2.24 )̀* 2.24Ǵ2.25Ƕ

36
12. 169 ɠ 0.04 ɠ Ȑɡ3ȑ2 ɠ ϐॶࣁ
25

3-94
13.ճҔΠ߄ӣเୢᚒǺ
N 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
N2 121 144 169 196 225 256 289 324 361 400
߄਱٬ҔБ‫ݤ‬Ǻӵ 182ɨ324 ʀ 324 ɨ18
)˞*‫ ؃‬169 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ
121
)˟*‫؃‬ ϐॶǶ
49
)ˠ*‫ ؃‬256 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥǶ
)ˡ* 300 ӧব‫ঁٿ‬ೱុ᏾ኧϐ໔ǻ
)ˢ* 110 Ǵ 120 Ǵ 130 ǴǾǾǴ 200 ӅΜঁኧǴ‫ځ‬ύϟ‫ ܭ‬13 ᆶ 14
ϐ໔‫ޑ‬ኧԖ൳ঁǻ

3-95
 QBSU 4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

1 1 1 17 17
1.‫ ؃‬4 ɨǻ )˽* 2 )˾* ²2 )˿* )̀* ²
4 2 2 2 2

2.ऩ 10Ёa ࣁ᏾ኧǴ߾҅᏾ኧ a ϐॶԖӭϿঁǻ

)˽* 4 ঁ )˾* 3 ঁ )˿* 2 ঁ )̀* 1 ঁǶ

3.ӵΠკ‫܌‬ҢǴࢂ΋ঁय़ᑈࣁ 16 ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬Ǵፎӧ೭ঁ҅Б‫׎‬ϣฝ΋
ঁ҅Б‫׎‬Ǵ٬‫ځ‬य़ᑈ฻‫ ܭ‬8ǶΞԜਔ೭ঁय़ᑈࣁ 8 ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫ޑ׎‬ᜐߏ
ࣁՖǻ

4.၂ӣเΠӈୢᚒǺ
(˞)‫؃‬ᅈ‫ ى‬9ɩ x ɩ13 ‫҅ޑ‬᏾ኧ x Ԗ൳ঁǻ
(˟)ᅈ‫ ى‬10ɩ n ɦ15 ‫҅ޑ‬᏾ኧ n Ԗ൳ঁǻ

5. (1) (2 − 3 ) 2 = (2). ( 5 − 3) 2 =

6.೛ 72 ɭ8.485Ǵऩ x ɭ0.08485Ǵ߾ x =ǻ

7.೛ x2 = 13 + 23 + 33 + 43Ǵ߾ x =ǻ

3-96
8.၂аΜϩၳ߈‫ ؃ݤ‬23 ‫߈ޑ‬՟ॶȐаѤ௭ϖΕ‫ډ؃ݤ‬λኧಃ΋ՏȑǶ

720
9.೛ aǴbǴcǴd ֡ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴऩ 720 26.8Ǵట٬ 720 ⋅ a Ǵ Ǵ
b

720Ѐc Ǵ 720Ёd ֡ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴ྽ aǴbǴcǴd ֡ࣁനλਔǴ‫ ؃‬aɠb

ɠcɠdɨǻ

10.೛ a ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴऩ 80ɩaɦ200Ǵ߾ૈ٬ a ࣁ҅᏾ኧϐ a ॶӅԖӭ

Ͽঁǻ

11.ኧጕ΢ aǵb ‫ٿ‬ᗺ‫ޑ‬Տ࿼Ǵӵკ‫܌‬ҢǴ߾ a 2 ɡȈaɡbȈɨǻ

3-97
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤
2/ς‫ فޔޕ‬ΔABC ύǴ
∠C = 90 0 , AC = 1, ∠B = 15 0

‫ ؃‬AB =

ှǺ
բ ∠DAC = 60 0
߾ ∠ADC = 30 0
∠BAD = 75 0 − 60 0

= 15 0
∴ ΔDAB ࣁ฻ဈΟ‫׎ف‬Ǵ BD = AD

Ӣࣁ AD = 2 AC = 2 = BD
CD = 3 AC = 3
2 2 2
ࡺ AB = AC + BC
= 12 + ( 2 + 3 ) 2

= 1+ 4 + 4 3 + 3

=8+4 3
= 8 + 2 12 ‫ פ‬b,c>9-bc>23
= ( 6)2 + 2 6 ⋅ 2 + ( 2)2

= ( 6 + 2)2

∴ AB = 6 + 2

΢ᚒύ 8 + 4 12 ᆀࣁȸᚈख़Бਥȹ
‫ פ‬b,c>9
FYǺ 8 + 2 15 = ( 5 ) + 2 5 ⋅ 3 + ( 3 )
2 2

!!bc>26
2
= ( 5 + 3)
‫ ڗ‬b>6-c>4
= 5+ 3

3-98
FYǺ 10 − 84 = 10 − 2 21
‫ פ‬b,c>21
= ( 7 ) 2 − 2 7 ⋅ 3 + ( 3) 2
!!bc>32
= ( 7 − 3) 2
‫ ڗ‬b>8-c>4
= 7− 3

10 − 2 21
FYǺ 5 − 21 = LfzǺᇙ೷ 3bc
2

( 7 − 3)2
=
2

7− 3
=
2

2 ( 7 − 3)
=
2⋅ 2

14 − 6
=
2

3-99
ှเጇǺ
ግಞ 1
a 21 22 23 24 25
a2 441 484 529 576 625
4
ግಞ 2(1) ± 9 (2) ± 14 (3) ± 1.5 (4) ±
11

ግಞ 3(1)±2×52×7 (2)±2×3×11 (3)ؒԖѳБਥ

ግಞ 4(1)15 (2)-4 (3) 13 (4) − 8
8 5
ግಞ 5(1) (2) (3)1.69 (4)7
3 2

ግಞ 6(1)8Ǵ(2)±5
ግಞ 7(1)x=4Ǵz>6!!!)3*±7
ግಞ 8 65 ɧ8ɧ
ɧ 63
ግಞ 9 6 ɭ2.4
ግಞ 10(1) 4.358899 (2) 11.40175 (3) 17
Ȝ୷ᘵግಞጇȝ
୷ᘵግಞጇȝ
1/×Ǵ×Ǵ×Ǵ○Ǵ×Ǵ×
4
2.(1)±5 (2) ± (3) ±0.07 (4) ±32×5×73
3

8
3.(1)16 (2)70 (3) (4)5
3

4.(1) ±24 (2) ±72

5.(1) a =3 b=-1 (2) ±2
2
6.˾ 7. 4.36 8. 9. 32Ø5Ø7 10. 6Ǵ7Ǵ8 11. C
3

11
12. 17.4 13. (1) ±13 (2) (3) ±4 (4)17Ǵ18 (5)3 ঁ
7

3-100
 QBSU 4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
1.C 2. A
3. 8

4.(1)89 ঁ (2)125 ঁ
5.(1)2- 3 (2)3- 5
6.0.0072
7.±10
8. 23 ɭ5/9
9.a=6Ǵb=6Ǵc=:Ǵdɨ45Ǵ aɠbɠcɠdɨ63
10.6 ঁ
11. a 2 ɡȈaɡbȈɨ(-a)-(b-a*ɨ-b

3-101
 ಃΟн ЬᚒΟ ѳБਥ
4.3 Бਥ‫ޑ‬ၮᆉ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
઩΋ǺਥԄ‫ޑ‬ཀကᆶ୷ҁၮᆉ
௖઩΋ǺਥԄ‫ޑ‬ཀကᆶ୷ҁၮᆉ
ᆉԄύ֖ԖਥဦǴӵ 2 + 3 Ǵ − 5 ⋅ 2 ǴǾ฻ᆉԄ೿ᆀࣁਥԄ
ਥԄǶЪऩ
ਥԄ a
ࢂҺཀ᏾ኧǵϩኧ‫܈‬λኧǴb ࢂε‫܈ܭ‬฻‫ ܭ‬1 ‫ޑ‬ኧǴ߾ीᆉਥԄ‫ޑ‬ϯ
ᙁᆶжኧԄ࣬ӕǴஒȨ×ȩϷȨ⋅ȩ೿࣪ౣǴ٠ஒ߯ኧ‫ܫ‬ӧਥԄ‫߻ޑ‬य़Ƕ

1 b
(1) a× b = a b (2) b ⎟ a = b ⋅ =
a a

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2
ीᆉΠӈӚԄ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ
2
(1) 7 ⋅ 3 (2) 4 2 ⋅ (3) − 1⋅ 6
3

ှǺ(1) 7 ⋅ 3 ɨ4 7

2 8 2 8
(2) 4 2 ⋅ ɨ )‫ ܈‬2 *
3 3 3

(3) − 6

ግಞ 1
ीᆉΠӈӚԄ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

7 3 5
(1) − 3⋅ 5 5 (2) ⋅ 16 (3) 6⎟
12 2 4

3-102
௖઩Β
௖઩ΒǺਥԄ‫ޑ‬४ନၮᆉ
2/ऩ aǵb ࣁ‫҅ঁٿ‬ኧ‫ ܈‬1Ǵ

a a
߾ a⋅ b = ab Ǵ a ⎟ b = = = a⎟ bǶ
b b

3/ऩ҅᏾ኧ a ёаϩှԋ aɨb2ØdǴ‫ځ‬ύ c ᆶ d ࣁ҅᏾ኧǹԶЪ c

ؒԖε‫ ܭ‬2 ‫ޑ‬ѳБኧ‫ޑ‬ӢኧǴ߾ a = b 2 ⋅ c = b ⋅ c = b c Ƕ‫ॺך‬ஒ a
ϯԋ b c ‫ޑ‬ၸำᆀࣁਥԄ‫ޑ‬ϯᙁ
ਥԄ‫ޑ‬ϯᙁǶԶ
ਥԄ‫ޑ‬ϯᙁ b c ൩ᆀࣁനᙁБਥ
നᙁБਥǶ
നᙁБਥ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2
ीᆉΠӈӚԄ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

4 2
(1) 2 ⋅ 3 (2) 3 7 ⋅ 2 5 (3) 12 ⎟ 3 (4) ⎟
3 9

ှǺ(1) 2 ⋅ 3 = 2 ⋅ 3 = 6 Ƕ

(2) 3 7 ⋅ 2 5 = 3 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 5 = 3 ⋅ 2 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 5 = 6 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 5 = 6 35 Ƕ

(3) 12 ⎟ 3 = 12 ⎟ 3 = 4 = 2 Ƕ

4 2 4 2 4 9
(4) ⎟ = ⎟ = ⋅ = 6Ƕ
3 9 3 9 3 2

ግಞ 2
ीᆉΠӈӚԄ‫ॶޑ‬Ƕ

8 4
(1) 8 ⋅ 2 (2) 2 3 ⋅ 7 2 (3) 50 ⎟ 2 (4) ⎟
6 42

3-103
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3

ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ

(1) 12 (2) 45 (3) 21 ⋅ 35 (4) 6 ⋅ 25 ⋅ 49

ှǺ(1) 12 = 2 2 ⋅ 3 = 2 2 ⋅ 3 = 2 ⋅ 3 = 2 3

(2) 45 = 3 2 ⋅ 5 = 3 2 ⋅ 5 = 3 ⋅ 5 = 3 5

(3) 21 ⋅ 35 = 21 ⋅ 35 = 3 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 5 = 7 2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 5 = 7 ⋅ 15 = 7 15

(4) 6 ⋅ 25 ⋅ 49 = 6 ⋅ 25 ⋅ 49 = 5 2 ⋅ 7 2 ⋅ ⋅ 6 = 5 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 6 = 35 6

ግಞ 3

ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ

(1) 24 (2) 150 (3) 28 ⋅ 56 (4) 6 ⋅ 8 ⋅ 10

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4

ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ

12 3 2
(1) 18 ⎟ 3 (2) ⎟ (3) 10 ⎟
5 25 9

3-104
ှǺ(1) 18 ⎟ 3 = 18 ⎟ 3 = 6

12 3 12 3 12 25
(2) ⎟ = ⎟ = ⋅ = 4⋅ 5 = 2 5
5 25 5 25 5 3

2 2 9
(3) 10 ⎟ = 10 ⎟ = 10 ⋅ = 5 ⋅ 9 = 3 5
9 9 2

ግಞ 4
ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ

24 4 5
(1) 80 ⎟ 20 (2) ⎟ (3) 30 ⎟
7 21 18

௖઩Ο
௖઩ΟǺਥԄ‫ޑ‬Ԗ౛ϯ
೏໒Бኧࣁϩኧǵλኧ‫܈‬ϩ֖҆Ԗਥဦ‫ޑ‬೿όࢂനᙁਥԄǴ‫ٯ‬ӵǺ

1 3
ǵ 0.3 ǵ ǵǾ฻฻೿όࢂനᙁਥԄǶ‫ॺך‬ёаճҔᘉϩ‫ޑ‬БԄ
2 2

ஒѬϯࣁനᙁБਥǴஒϩ҆ϯԋό஥Ԗਥဦ‫ޑ‬ၸำǴᆀࣁϩ҆Ԗ౛ϯ
ϩ҆Ԗ౛ϯǶ
ϩ҆Ԗ౛ϯ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5

ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ

3 5
(1) (2) (3) 0.4
5 12

3 3⋅ 5 3 5
ှǺ(1) = =
5 5⋅ 5 5

5 5 5 5⋅ 3 15
(2) = = = =
12 12 22 ⋅ 3 22 ⋅ 3⋅ 3 6

3-105
 4 2 2⋅ 5 10
(3) 0.4 = = = =
10 5 5⋅ 5 5

ግಞ 5
ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ

3 7
(1) (2) (3) 0.9
6 18

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6
ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ
3 2
(1) (2)
5− 2 5+ 3

3
ှǺ(1)
5− 2

3( 5 + 2 )
ɨ
( 5 − 2 )( 5 + 2 )

3( 5 + 2 )
ɨ
( 5)2 − ( 2)2

3( 5 + 2 )
ɨ
3

ɨ 5+ 2

3-106
 2
(2)
5+ 3

2 ⋅ ( 5 − 3)
ɨ
( 5 + 3 )( 5 − 3 )

2( 5 − 3 )
ɨ
2

ɨ 5− 3

ግಞ 6
ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄ
3− 2 3
(1) (2)
3+ 2 7 −2

௖઩Ѥ
௖઩ ѤǺਥԄ‫ޑ‬у෧
Ԗ٤ਥԄ೿஥Ԗ࣬ӕ‫ޑ‬БਥǴ‫ॺך‬ᆀ೭٤ਥԄࣁӕᜪБਥ
ӕᜪБਥǹ‫ٯ‬ӵǺ
ӕᜪБਥ

3 2
2 Ǵ5 2 Ǵ ǴǾ฻฻೿Ԗ࣬ӕ‫ޑ‬Бਥ 2 ǴӢԜ೿ࢂឦ‫ܭ‬ӕᜪБ
7

ਥǹջ٬ 50 ǴӢࣁёаϯᙁࣁ 5 2 Ǵϝࢂឦ‫ܭ‬ӕᜪБਥǶЪ΋ঁਥ

Ԅύӵ֖݀ԖӕᜪБਥਔǴ൩ёаஒѬॺӝ‫ٳ‬Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7
ीᆉΠӈਥԄǴ٠ஒเਢϯᙁǺ

3 2
(1) 50 + 72 − 32 (2) −
2 3

ှǺ(1) 50 + 72 − 32
ɨ5 2 + 6 2 − 4 2
ɨ7 2

3-107
 3 2
(2) −
2 3

6 6
ɨ −
2 3

3 6 2 6
ɨ −
6 6

6
ɨ
6

ግಞ 7
ीᆉΠӈਥԄǴ٠ஒเਢϯᙁǺ

5 4
(1) 12 − 27 + 75 (2) −
4 5

ጄ‫ ٯ‬8
ीᆉΠӈਥԄǴ٠ஒเਢϯᙁǺ
(1) ( 7 + 3)( 7 − 3) (2) 2 3 ( 27 − 12 )

ှǺ(1) ( 7 + 3)( 7 − 3)
ɨ ( 7 ) 2 − (3) 2
ɨ7-9
ɨ-2
(2) 2 3 ( 27 − 12 )
ɨ2× 81 ɡ2× 36
ɨ2×9ɡ2×6
ɨ18ɡ12
ɨ6

3-108
ግಞ 8
ीᆉΠӈਥԄǴ٠ஒเਢϯᙁǺ
(1) ( 5 + 2 )( 5 − 2 ) (2) 2 5 ( 45 − 20 )

௖઩ϖ
௖઩ϖǺਥԄ‫ޑ‬Ѥ߾ၮᆉ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬9
ҘǵΌǵЧ೿ࢂ҅Б‫׎‬ǴΔABC ࣁ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Ƕӵ݀ AC = 6 + 2 Ǵ
BC = 6 − 2 Ƕ
A
(1) ‫؃‬рҘǵΌ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈǶ
Ч
(2) ‫؃‬рЧ‫ޑ‬ᜐߏǶ Ҙ
ှǺ(1)Ҙ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ
BΌC
ɨ ( 6 + 2)2
ɨ ( 6)2 + 2 ⋅ 6 ⋅ 2 + ( 2)2
ɨ8+ 4 3

Ό‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ
= ( 6 − 2)2
ɨ ( 6)2 − 2 ⋅ 6 ⋅ 2 + ( 2)2
ɨ8 − 4 3
(2)ਥᏵϭި‫ۓ‬౛
Ч‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ
ɨҘ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ+Ό‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ
ɨ8+ 4 3 + 8 − 4 3
ɨ16
‫܌‬аЧ‫ޑ‬ᜐߏɨ4

3-109
ግಞ 9
ӵკ‫܌‬ҢǴҘǵΌ೿ࢂ҅Б‫׎‬Ǵय़ᑈϩձࢂ 5 ѳБϦϩϷ 2 ѳБϦϩǶ
നѦൎ ABCD ࢂߏБ‫׎‬Ǵय़ᑈࣁ 15 ѳБϦϩǶ‫ ؃‬AB ‫ߏޑ‬ǻ

A D

Ҙ
Ό
B C

3-110
 QBSU!3
QBSU!3Ǻ
!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
1.ᙁቪΠӈӚԄǺ
2
(1) 3⋅ 2 = (2) ⋅ 5 =
3

2.ஒΠӈБਥϯࣁനᙁБਥǺ
(1) 18 (2) 27 (3) 50 (4) 32 (5) 180

3.ϯᙁΠӈӚਥԄǺ

3 4 7 2 6 2 6
(1) (2) (3) (4) ⎟ (5) ⎟
2 3 5 18 5 5 3 5

4.ीᆉ٠ϯᙁΠӈӚᆉԄǺ

5 3 3 1
(1) 2 5 + 5 5 (2) 3 5 − 7 5 (3) 2+ 2 (4) −
4 5 4 3

3 2 1 3 5 1 1 1 1
(5) + (6) + − (7) 28 − 63 + 72 − 98
2 3 15 5 3 2 3 6 7

1 1 1 1 2 8 6 3
(8) 12 + + − (9) + − (10) 5 −2
3 20 5 2 25 49 5 10

3-111
5.‫؃‬ΠӈӚԄ‫ޑ‬४ᑈǴ٠ϯࣁനᙁਥԄǺ
(1) 2 (−1 + 6 ) (2) 6 ( 3 − 2 ) (3) (2 + 3 2 )(3 − 2 2 )

(4) 3 2 ⋅ 2 6 (5) ( 5 − 2 ) 2 (6) (4 − 3 ) 2

(7) ( 5 + 1) 2 (8) ( 3 + 2 ) 2 (9) ( 7 + 2)( 7 − 2)

7/ϯᙁΠӈӚԄǺ
1 2 4 3
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3− 2 5 +1 3+ 5 2− 3

3-112
 QBSU 4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
1.‫؃‬ΠӈӚԄ‫ޑ‬४ᑈǴ٠ϯࣁനᙁਥԄǺ

5 24 3
(1)Ȑɡ ȑ⋅ øȐɡ ȑ
6 25 5

5 2 12
(2) ⋅ ÷
2 3 5

1
(3) 12 ɠ ɡ 27
3 ɡ1

1 10 16
(4) 1 ø ⋅
4 3 21

(5) ( 7 − 5 ) 2 ( 5 + 7 ) 2

1 1
(6) ɠ
3ɠ 2 3ɡ 2

(7)Ȑ4 3 ɠ2 5 ȑȐ 3 ɡ3 5 ȑ

3-113
2. ೛ xɨ 2 ɠ 3 Ǵyɨ 2 ɡ 3 Ǵ߾ x2ɠy2ɨǻ

3.ऩ΋ߏБ‫ࣁߏޑ׎‬Ȑ1ɡ 2 ɠ 3 ȑϦϩǴቨࣁȐ1ɠ 2 ɡ 3 ȑϦϩǴ

߾ԜߏБ‫׎‬य़ᑈࣁӭϿǻ

4.ऩ΋‫فޔ‬Ο‫ߏިٿޑ׎ف‬ӚࣁȐ 5 ɠ1ȑϷȐ 5 ɡ1ȑ

Ǵ߾௹ᜐߏࣁǻ
௹ᜐ΢‫ޑ‬ଯࣁӭϿǻ

5.೛ aɨ 17 ɠ 3 Ǵbɨ 13 ɠ 7 Ǵcɨ 15 ɠ 5 ǴКၨ aǵbǵc ‫ޑ‬ε

λᜢ߯ࣁՖǻ

6.ɆABC ύǴ AB ɨ 7 ɠ 2 Ǵ AC ɨ 6 ɠ 3 Ǵ BC ɨ 5 ɠ2Ǵ߾ɸAǵ
ɸBǵɸC ‫ޑ‬ελ໩‫ࣁׇ‬Ֆǻ

3-114
 1 1 1 1
8/ऩ A = + + + ....... +
1+ 2 2+ 3 3+ 4 2006 + 2007

B = 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + ...... + 2005 − 2006 + 2007

B
‫؃‬ =
( A + 1) 2 + 1

ှǺ
1 1 ⋅ ( 2 − 1)
= = 2 −1
2 +1 ( 2 + 1)( 2 − 1)

1 1⋅ ( 3 − 2 )
= = 3− 2
3+ 2 ( 3 + 2 )( 3 − 2 )

∴ A = 2 − 1 + 3 − 2 + 4 − 3 + ...... + 2006 − 2005 + 2007 − 2006

= 2007 − 1
Զ B = (1 − 2) + (3 − 4) + ...... + (2005 − 2006) + 2007
= −1 ⋅ 1003 + 2007

= 1004

B 1004
∴ 2
=
( A + 1) + 1 ( 2007 − 1 + 1) 2 + 1

1004
=
2008

1
=
2

1
BotǺ
2

3-115
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤

2/ፎӧ΋ϩដϣЈᆉр A = 2007 2006 2005 ⋅ 2003 + 1 + 1 + 1 ϐॶ

ှǺ
!!!!\ගҢ^Ǻ 2005 ⋅ 2003 + 1
= (2004 + 1)(2004 − 1) + 1

= 2004 2 − 1 + 1

= 2004 2
BotǺ3117

3/ς‫ ޕ‬0 < b < a Ъ 2007 = a + b Ъ֤኱֡ࣁ᏾ኧ‫ޑ‬ᗺ (a, b) ӅԖӭϿ

ᗺǻ
ှǺ
2007 = 3 2 ⋅ 223
Ъ 2007 , a , b ࣁӕᜪБਥ
2007 = 3 223

= 2 223 + 223

= 892 + 223
ࡺ (a, b) = (892,223) ѝԖ΋ᗺ
BotǺ΋ᗺ

3-116
ှเǺ
QBSU!2
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื

4 7 6 6
ግಞ 2Ǻ(1) − 15 5 (2) (3)
3 5

ግಞ 2Ǻ(1)4 (2)14 6 (3)5 (4) 14

ግಞ 4Ǻ(1) 2 6 (2) 5 6 (3)28 2 (4)4 30
ግಞ 5Ǻ(1) 2 (2)3 2 (3)6 3

6 14 3 10
ግಞ 6Ǻ(1) (2) (3)
2 6 10

ግಞ 6Ǻ(1) 5 − 2 6 (2) 7 + 2

5
ግಞ 8Ǻ(1) 4 3 (2)
10

ግಞ 9Ǻ(1)3 (2)10
ግಞ :Ǻ BC = 5 + 2
AB = 15 ⎟ ( 5 + 2 )

15
ɨ
5+ 2

15( 5 − 2 )
ɨ
( 5 + 2 )( 5 − 2 )

15( 5 − 2 )
ɨ
3

ɨ 5( 5 − 2 )
QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

2 5
1. (1) 3 2 (2) 2. ှǺ(1)3 2 (2) 3 3 (3)5 2 (4)4 2
3

3 2 4 5 14 3 10
(5) 6 5 3.(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 4. (1)7 5
2 15 6 3 3

37 2 3 5 6 15
(2)-4 5 (3) (4) (5) (6) − (7)0
20 6 6 15

3-117
 7 3 5 29 2 4 30
(8) − (9) (10) 5.(1) − 2 + 2 3
3 10 70 5

(2) 3 2 − 2 3 (3)-6+ 5 2 (4)12 3 (5)7-2 10 (6) 19 − 8 3

5 −1
(7)6+2 5 (8) 5 + 2 6 (9)3 6(1) 3 + 2 (2)
2

(3) 2 5 − 2 3 (4) 6 + 3 3
QBSU 4;ଯ
4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

2 3 5 2 1− 3 14
1. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 4 (6) 2 3
3 6 2 7

(7)-18-10 15 2. x2ɠy2ɨ ( 2 + 3 ) 2 + ( 2 − 3 ) 2 ɨ (5 + 2 6 ) + (5 − 2 6 )
ɨ10 3.Ȑ1ɡ 2 ɠ 3 ȑ×Ȑ1ɠ 2 ɡ 3 ȑɨ [1 − ( 2 − 3 )]⋅ [1 + ( 2 − 3 )]

2 3
ɨ 1 − (5 − 2 6 ) ɨ 2 6 − 4 4.௹ᜐߏɨ 2 3 Ǵଯɨ
3

5.җ‫ ܭ‬a2ɨ ( 17 + 3 ) 2 = 20 + 2 51 b2ɨ ( 13 + 7 ) 2 = 20 + 2 91

c2ɨ ( 15 + 5 ) 2 = 20 + 2 75 Ӣࣁ b2 ɧc2 ɧb2 Ǵ ‫܌‬а cɧdɧb
2
6. ှǺҗ‫ ܭ‬AB = ( 7 + 2 ) 2 = 9 + 2 14
2
AC = ( 6 + 3 ) 2 = 9 + 2 18
2
BC = ( 5 + 2) 2 = 9 + 2 20
2 2 2
Ӣࣁ BC ɧ AC ɧ AB
‫܌‬а BC ɧ AC ɧ AB
߾∠Aɧ∠Bɧ∠C

3-118
 ЬᚒѤ ϭި‫ۓ‬౛
5.2!௖઩ϭި‫ۓ‬౛
QBSU!2;Ьᚒ௖઩ื

‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ύǴ‫ިٿ‬ѳБ‫>ک‬௹ᜐѳБ

2 2 2
ջ ΔABC ύǴऩ ∠C = 90 0 Ǵ߾ AC + BC = AB Ƕ
നᙁܰЪᐕўനΦ‫)!ࢂߡޑ‬6Ǵ5Ǵ4* ೭ಔǺ
3 2 + 4 2 = 5 2 Ǵ‫ځ‬ύ AC, BC ᆀࣁȹ‫ިٿ‬ȹȐόϩ

ελȑǴ AB ᆀࣁȸ௹ᜐȹǴࢂ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ޑ׎ف‬നεᜐǶ

௖઩΋;Ֆᒏϭި‫ۓ‬౛
ጄ‫ ٯ‬2Ǻ

ፎ‫؃‬Πӈ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ޑ׎ف‬௹ᜐߏ;
)2*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)3*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)4*

ှǺ

)2* x 2 = 5 2 + 12 2

x 2 = 25 + 144

x 2 = 169

∴ x = ±13 !)ॄόӝ*

3-119
!!!!)3* y 2 = 5 2 + 5 2
y 2 = 50

y = ± 50

∴ y = ±5 2 !)ॄόӝ*

ԜࣁΟ‫݈ف‬ύǴ 45 0 − 45 0 − 90 0 ฻ဈ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬
‫ޑ‬ΟᜐК 2Ǻ2Ǻ 2 Ǵಞᄍ΢ᆀΟ‫ٿ݈ٗف‬ᅿΟ‫ف‬
‫ࣁ׎‬ȹ੝ਸ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ȹǶ

!!!!!)4* z 2 = 7 2 + 24 2

z 2 = 49 + 576

z 2 = 625

∴ z = ±25 !)ॄόӝ*

BotǺ)2*! 13 !!)3*! 5 2 !!)4*! 25

ግಞ 2.2 ግಞ 2.3

3-120
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3Ǻ

၂‫؃‬ΠӈӚ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ޑ׎ف‬΋ި
)2*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)3*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)4*

ှǺ

)2* x 2 = 17 2 − 82

x 2 = 289 − 64

x 2 = 225

∴ x = ±15 !)ॄόӝ*

!!!!)3* y 2 = 2 2 − 12
y2 = 3

∴ y = ± 3 !)ॄόӝ*

3-121
 ԜࣁΟ‫݈ف‬ύǴ 30 0 − 60 0 − 90 0 ੝ਸ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ف‬
‫ޑ׎‬ΟᜐК 2Ǻ 3Ǻ3Ǵा૶ΠԜ΋੝ਸ‫ فޔ‬ΔABC
ϐᜐ‫ف‬ᜢ߯

!!!!!)4* z 2 = ( 10 ) 2 − 3 2

z 2 = 10 − 9

z2 = 1

∴ z = ±1 !)ॄόӝ*

BotǺȐ2ȑ26!!Ȑ3ȑ 3 Ȑ4ȑ2

ግಞ 3.2 a = /

ግಞ 3.3 b = /

3-122
ጄ‫ ٯ‬4Ǻ

)2*ς‫ޕ‬΋‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Ǵ‫ٿ‬ᜐߏࣁ 6Ǵ5Ǵ‫؃‬ಃΟᜐ‫>ߏޑ‬

ှǺ
‫ޔ‬᝺Ȑ6-5-4ȑளಃΟᜐࣁ 4Ǵՠձ‫ב‬Α 6
ό΋‫ࢂۓ‬௹ᜐȐ྽ฅ 5 όёૈࢂ௹ᜐȑё
ૈ‫ ࢂިٿ‬6-5

‫܌‬аಃΟᜐࣁ௹ᜐ> 5 2 + 4 2
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!> 41
ࡺเਢࣁ!4!ps! 41
)3*ς‫ޕ‬΋฻ဈΟ‫ٿ׎ف‬ᜐࣁ 6-3Ǵ‫؃‬ಃΟᜐࣁӭϿǻ

ှǺёૈȐ6-6-3ȑȐ6-3-3ȑՠ 2 + 2 < 5 όૈ‫׎‬ԋΟ‫׎ف‬Ǵ‫܌‬аѝԖ΋

ှ6

BotǺ6

ግಞ 4.2 ς‫ޕ‬΋‫فޔ‬Ο‫ٿ׎ف‬ᜐࣁ 8-35Ǵ‫؃‬ಃΟᜐ =

ግಞ 4.3 ς‫ޕ‬΋฻ဈΟ‫ٿ׎ف‬ᜐࣁ 6-5Ǵ‫؃‬ಃΟᜐ =

3-123
ጄ‫ ٯ‬5Ǻ

)2*ߏБ‫׎‬ᜐߏࣁ 7-9/!‫؃‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕߏࡋ =

)3*ߏБ‫׎‬΋ᜐߏ 8Ǵჹ‫ف‬ጕߏ 21Ǵ‫؃‬ќ΋ᜐ =

ှǺ

)2*ჹ‫ف‬ጕջ௹ᜐ = 6 2 + 8 2

= 10

)3*ќ΋ᜐջ΋ި = 10 2 − 7 2

= 51

BotǺ)2*!21!!!)3*! 51

ግಞ 5.2 ς‫ߏޕ‬Б‫׎‬ᜐߏ 6-7Ǵ‫؃‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕ>

ግಞ 5.3 ς‫҅ޕ‬Б‫׎‬ᜐߏ 6Ǵ‫؃‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕ>

3-124
ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ

‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ύ- ∠A = 90 0 , AB = 8, AC = 6
‫);؃‬2* ௹ᜐ>
!!!)3* ΔABC य़ᑈ> ѳБൂՏ
!!!)4* ௹ᜐ΢‫ޑ‬ଯ AH = ȐIǺࠟ‫ى‬ȑ

ှǺ

!!!)2* ٩ϭި‫ۓ‬౛ BC = 6 2 + 8 2

= 100

= 10

1
!!!)3* ΔABC = ⋅ AB ⋅ AC
2
1
= ⋅ 8⋅ 6
2

= 24

1 1
!!!)4* ⋅ AB ⋅ AC = ΔABC = ⋅ BC ⋅ AH
2 2

ள AB ⋅ AC = BC ⋅ AH
‫ިٿ‬ᑈ
௹ᜐ΢‫ޑ‬ଯ> =
AB ⋅ AC 8 ⋅ 6 24 ௹ᜐ
∴ AH = = =
BC 10 5

24
AnsǺ(1) 10 (2) 24 (3)
5

3-125
ግಞ 6Ǻ

ӵѓკ‫ ؃‬1 ΔABC य़ᑈ>!

2௹ᜐ΢‫ޑ‬ଯ>

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻ

ӧ‫֤فޔ‬኱‫س‬΢Ǵ‫؃‬চᗺ P ‫ޔډ‬ጕ MǺ 3x + 4 y = 24 ‫ޑ‬നอຯᚆ>@

ှǺ

Ӄฝр x y
9 1
1 7
з B)9-1*ǴC)1-7*Ǵ

AB = 6 2 + 8 2 = 10 Ǵ

ၸ 1 բ OK ⊥ AB ‫ ܭ‬K Ǵ OK ࣁനอຯᚆǴΨࢂ௹ᜐ΢‫ޑ‬ଯ
OA ⋅ OB 8 ⋅ 6 24
∴ OK = = =
AB 10 5

24
BotǺ
5

3-126
ግಞ 7

ӧ‫֤فޔ‬኱‫س‬΢Ǵ‫؃‬চᗺ 1 Կ‫ޔ‬ጕ NǺ12 x − 5 y = 120 ‫ޑ‬നอຯᚆ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬8Ǻ ‫֤فޔ‬኱‫ٿس‬ᗺຯᚆϦԄ

A(2,5), B (−1,1)

‫ ؃‬AB =

ှǺ

‫ פ‬C (2,1) ‫׎‬ԋ‫ فޔ‬ΔABC , ∠C ࣁ‫فޔ‬

AC = 5 − 1 = 4

BC = 2 + 1 = 3

∴ ௹ᜐ = 3 2 + 4 2 = 5

AnsǺ5

Ȑϣ఼ࣁ ( x֤኱ৡ) 2 + ( y֤኱ৡ) 2 ȑ

ᙯϯԋ
‫ ؃‬AB ⎯⎯ ⎯⎯→ ‫؃‬௹ᜐ

3-127
ግಞ 8.2 C (3,8), D(−2,20) Ǵ‫ ؃‬CD =

ግಞ 8.3 E (−1,−6), F (−4,5) Ǵ‫ ؃‬EF =

ϦԄϯ ⇒ A( x1 , y1 ), B( x2 , y 2 )

⇒ AB = ( x1 − x 2 ) 2 + ( y1Qbsu!JJ
− y2 ) 2 Ꮲಞᔠෳઠ

3-128
 QBSU!JJ;Ꮲಞᔠෳઠ

2/‫ ঁٿ‬30 0 − 60 0 − 90 Ъ΋ኬελ‫ޑ‬Ο‫݈ف‬ǴӅё࡫р ᅿ‫࣬ރ׎‬౦

‫ޑ‬Ѥᜐ‫׎‬Ƕ

3/ߏБᡏߏǵቨǵଯϩձࣁ 2-3-4-!‫؃‬ჹ

‫ف‬ጕ AB =

3-129
4/΋Ԯंߏ 36 ϦЁǴӢࣁϼߏΑǴ࿶ம॥΋֌வ C
ᗺ‫ש‬ᘐǴς‫ ޕ‬OA = 5 Ǵ‫ ؃‬AB =

5/ҘԾ B ᗺӛܿ‫ و‬8N-ӆӛࠄ‫ و‬6N-ӆӛՋ‫ و‬3nǴௗ๱ӛࠄ‫ و‬5nǴΞ

ӛܿ‫ و‬4n-നࡕӛч‫ و‬2n ‫ډ‬ၲ C ᗺǴ‫ ؃‬BC ‫ٿ‬ᗺ‫ޔޑ‬ጕຯᚆ

6/ԖѠన඲ႝຎǴሌჿ‫ ࢂߏޑ‬43 әǴቨࢂ 35

әǴፎୢԜႝຎࢂ൳ә‫ޑ‬ǻȐаሌჿჹ‫ف‬ጕ
ߏࣁྗȑ

7/‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ǴΟᜐߏК 4;5;6Ǵय़ᑈࣁ 65 cm 2 Ǵ‫ ؃‬ΔABC ‫>ߏڬ‬ dnǶ

3-130
8/ӵკύǴ ∠A = ∠OBC = ∠OCD = 90 0
OA = BC = 2, AB = 1, CD = 3 Ǵ‫ ؃‬OD =

9/‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ύǴ ∠C = 90 0 ऩ AC = 19 + 3, BC = 19 − 3,
‫ ؃‬AB =

:/ᜐߏࣁ 4Ǵ6Ǵ5 ‫ޑ‬Οঁ҅Б‫׎‬٠

ӈǴ‫܌؃‬Ԗᜐ΢‫ٿޑ‬ᗺ‫ޑ‬നߏຯ
ᚆǻ

21/‫֤فޔ‬኱ѳय़΢‫ٿ‬ᗺ A(3,8), B(−4, a) Ǵऩ AB = 25 Ǵ߾ a ϐॶ>ǻ

3-131
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
2/ஒ҅ ΔABC ǴBǵC ‫ٿ‬ᗺख़ӝǴౢғ‫ש‬౩
AH Ǵς‫∠ ޕ‬AHB = 90 0 Ǵ‫؃‬

)2*҅ ΔABC ‫ޑ‬ଯǶ

)3*҅ ΔABC ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈǶ
)4*ऩ҅ ΔABC ᜐߏࣁ a Ǵፎ௢р҅Ο‫׎ف‬य़
ᑈϦԄǶ

3/ჹ‫ف‬ጕϕ࣬ࠟ‫ޑޔ‬Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDEǴ
ऩ AD = 5, BC = 7 Ǵ
2 2
‫ ؃‬AB + CD =

2 2 2 2
LFZ;ჹᜐѳБ‫࣬ک‬฻ջ AB + CD = BC + AD

3-132
4/а‫ فޔ‬ΔABC Οᜐࣁ‫ޔ‬৩ǴӛѦբΟঁъ༝ Y-Z-[
߾Πӈ௶ॊՖ‫҅ޣ‬ዴ;
)B*ъ৩ᜢ߯ǺZ,[>Y
)C*۱ߏᜢ߯ǺZ,[>Y
)D*य़ᑈᜢ߯ǺZ,[>Y
)E*‫ߏڬ‬ᜢ߯ǺZ,[>Y

5/ѝа‫ޔ‬ЁǴӧѓᜐБ਱ύฝр΋҅Б‫׎‬
Ǵय़ᑈࢂ҅Б‫ ׎‬BCDE ‫ޑ‬ϖ७

3-133
6/ӧѓୁБ਱રύǴ‫؃‬բ΋҅Б‫׎‬य़ᑈ>24

7/ऩ y-z ֡ԾฅኧǴ‫ ؃‬ΔABC ‫!>ߏڬ‬

3-134
8/ऩ AB = 12, BC = 13, CD = 3, DA = 4 ǴЪ
∠D = 90 0 Ǵ‫؃‬Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE य़ᑈ>

9/ ΔABC ύǴ AB = 4, AC = 5 Ǵ

Ъ AD ⊥ BC ‫ ܭ‬D Ǵऩ BDǺCD = 2Ǻ3Ǵ

‫ ؃‬ΔABC य़ᑈ>

3-135
:/‫ ؃‬ΔABC ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ>

21/

‫ޔ‬ጕ M ΢ѳ‫ܫ‬Ύঁ҅Б‫׎‬Ǵ‫ځ‬ύ QǴRǴS य़ᑈϩձࣁ 4Ǵ6Ǵ3Ǵ

‫ ؃‬B,C,D,E य़ᑈ>

3-136
22/ L1 // L2 // L3 Ǵ L1 , L2 ຯᚆ 8Ǵ L1 , L3 ຯᚆ
24ǴЪ L1 ၸ B ᗺǴ L2 ၸ E ᗺǴ L3 ၸ D
ᗺǴ‫҅؃‬Б‫ ׎‬BCDE य़ᑈ>!

23/Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE ύǴ ∠B = 30 0 , ∠C = 60 0 , BC = 8, CD = 1
13
ЪѤᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE य़ᑈ> 3
2
‫ ؃‬AB =

3-137
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤

୘ଯ‫ۓ‬౛ǵ౥М‫ۓ‬౛ǵԭФ‫ۓ‬౛ǵϭި‫ۓ‬౛ǵϭި۰‫ۓ‬౛ǵΟѳБ‫ۓ‬౛

ύ୯ђᆉਜȨ‫ڬ‬ㆃᆉ࿶ȩ)ऊՋϡ߻
2211 ԃ*ύԖ૶ၩǴ‫ڬ‬ϦᇥȨϭቶΟǴި
অѤǴ৩ଽϖȩࢂ΋Տћ୘ଯ‫ޑ‬Γ֋ນ
д‫ޑ‬Ǵ‫܌‬аа߻‫ޑ‬௲ࣽਜᆀ‫ࣁځ‬Ȩ୘ଯ
‫ۓ‬౛ȩǴՠᏵѠৣεኧᏢўεৣࢫ࿤ғ
௲௤‫ق܌‬Ǵᐕў΢Ե᛾ό‫ډ‬୘ଯ೭ঁΓǶ
࿶ၸऊ 711 ԃࡕǴᇻӧՋБ‫׆‬ᛪ‫ޑ‬
౥ၲঢ܎ථ)Qzuibhpsbt*Ψว౜Ԝ‫ۓ‬౛
)ԖΓᇥࢂд‫ޑ‬Ꮲғว౜ǴаԴৣϐӜ‫ڮ‬Ӝ‫*ޑ‬ǴЪ᛾ܴӴࢂ҅ዴ‫ڬ)ޑ‬
ㆃᆉ࿶ѝว౜)6-5-4*Ԝ੝‫ٯ‬Ǵՠ٠҂᛾ܴǴаՋБΓჹኧᏢ᛾ܴ‫ޑ‬ा
‫؃‬٠όϷ਱*ǴࡺՋБΓᆀ‫ࣁځ‬Ȩ౥М‫ۓ‬౛ȩǴࣗԿᗋߕΑ΋ঁ໺ᇥࡺ
٣ˇ౥ၲঢ܎ථࣁΑቼઔว౜೭ঁ‫ۓ‬౛ǴৌΑ΋ԭᓐФ౼‫ޘ‬ᕯࡘ
)Nvtft*ζઓǴаၿᖴઓܴ‫௴ޑ‬ҢǴ೭൩ࢂ๱Ӝ‫ޑ‬ȨԭФϐ౼ȩǶ‫܌‬а
ԖΓᆀȨ౥М‫ۓ‬౛ȩࣁȨԭФ‫ۓ‬౛ȩǶՠϞВրΓԖ΋ᅪൽǴջࢂ౥
МᏢࢴࢂӞન‫ޑ‬Ǵ࡛ሶ཮ৌФ‫ګ‬ǻ
ύ୯ђਜύǴԖ‫ޑ‬ቪϭλ‫ިܭ‬ǴΞԖ‫ޑ‬ቪϭε‫ިܭ‬ǴӧԜ‫ॺך‬ό
གྷѐ‫៏ݾ‬ǶԶ‫)ިٿ‬όϩελ*ӧύ୯ᆀ‫ࣁځ‬Ȩ‫فޔ‬ᜐȩΨࡐӳǴᎃ୯
Вҁ߾‫ڗ‬ϦԄѦࠠᆀ౥М‫ۓ‬౛ࣁȨΟѳБ‫ۓ‬౛ȩǴΨԖ΋‫߄ޑۓ‬ቻ‫܄‬Ƕ
ᕴϐǴคፕӜᆀࣁՖǴϭި‫ۓ‬౛‫ܭ‬ኧᏢሦୱύϝឦख़ໆભ‫ޑ‬Γ‫ނ‬Ǵ
ाӳӳ๓ࡑӴǶ

3-138
 ଍౥М‫ۓ‬౛‫ޑ‬଎Ѩ

ӕᏢॺςᏢၸ౥М‫ۓ‬౛ǴӴࢂӃ‫ޕ‬ၰࢌΟ‫ف‬
‫فޔࣁ׎‬Ο‫׎ف‬ਔǴБё٬ҔȨ‫ިٿ‬ѳБ‫ک‬฻‫ܭ‬
௹ᜐ‫ޑ‬ѳБǶȩՠࢂ଺֝໔ෳᡍ‫ୖ܈ڔ‬ԵਜਔǴ
2 2 2
தၶ‫ډ‬Ȩऩ AC + BC = AB ߾ ∠C = 90 0 Ǵջ ΔABC
ࣁ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ǶȩԜᜪࠠ‫ޑ‬ᚒҞǴ‫ځ‬ჴόࢂૈΚࡰ኱ϣ‫ޑ‬௲‫׷‬ǴӴࢂ
౥М‫ۓ‬౛‫ޑ‬଍‫ۓ‬౛ǴёҔٰղᘐࢌΟ‫ࢂ׎ف‬ցࣁ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Ƕ )྽ฅ
ाӃղ‫ޕ‬ΟᜐૈցᄬԋΟ‫׎ف‬Ǵջࢂ‫ٿ‬λᜐϐ‫ک‬ाε‫ܭ‬ಃΟᜐ*Ƕ

‫ٯ‬ᚒǺ‫֤فޔ‬኱ѳय़΢ǴB).2-3*ǴC)2-.3*Ǵ

D).3- .2*Ǵ
‫)؃‬2* ΔABC ࢂ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬༏ǻ
!!)3* ΔABC य़ᑈࣁՖǻ

ှǺ AC = 12 + 3 2 = 10

BC = 12 + 3 2 = 10

AB = 2 2 + 4 2 = 20

Q ( 10 ) 2 + ( 10 ) 2 = ( 20 ) 2

٩଍౥М‫ۓ‬౛‫∠ ޕ‬ACB = 90 0 Ǵջ ΔABC ࢂ)฻ဈ*‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬

1
∴ ΔABC = ⋅ AC ⋅ BC
2
1
= ⋅ 10 ⋅ 10
2

=!6

3-139
‫ٯ‬ᚒǺղᘐΠӈΟ‫فޔࣁ׎ف‬ǵ᎒‫ف໌܈ف‬Ο‫׎ف‬ǻ

)B* 5ǵ6ǵ21
)C* 6ǵ7ǵ8
)D* :ǵ51ǵ52
)E* :ǵ22ǵ28

ှǺ
!!)B*!Q 4 + 5 < 10 Ǵ∴ όૈᄬԋΟ‫׎ف‬
!!!!!!!!)C*!Q 5 2 + 6 2 > 7 2 -∴ όࢂ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ࣁ)׎ف‬᎒‫ف‬Ο‫*׎ف‬
ջ‫ٿ‬λᜐѳБ‫ک‬ε‫ܭ‬നεᜐ‫ޑ‬ѳБ
!!!)D*!Q 9 2 + 40 2 = 412 -∴ ࣁ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬
!!!)E*!Q 9 2 + 112 < 17 2 -∴ όࢂ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ف໌ࣁ)׎ف‬Ο‫*׎ف‬
ջ‫ٿ‬λᜐѳБ‫ک‬λ‫ܭ‬നεᜐ‫ޑ‬ѳБ

3-140
ှเጇǺ

QBSU!2;Ьᚒ௖઩ื

ግಞ 2Ǻ
BotǺ)2*!3:!!)3*!31!)ջ 4.5.6 ‫ޑ‬Ѥ७*

ግಞ 3Ǻ

BotǺ)2*!26!!)3* 7 )όࢂ 6*!

ግಞ 4Ǻ
BotǺ)2*!36- 527 !!)3* 6Ǵ5

ግಞ 5Ǻ
BotǺ)2*! 61 !!)3* 5 2

ግಞ 6Ǻ
168
BotǺ)2*!95!!)3*
25

ግಞ 7Ǻ
120
BotǺ
13

ግಞ 8
BotǺ)2*!24!)3*! 130
QBSU JJ Ꮲಞᔠෳઠ

1.

BotǺ5

3-141
2.

ှ;
2
Ӄ‫ ؃‬AC = 12 + 3 2 = 10
2
ӆ‫ ؃‬AB = 10 + 2 2 = 14

∴ AB = 14

BotǺ AB = 14

⇒ ߏБᡏ‫ޑ‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕϦԄ = l 2 + w 2 + h 2

) l , w, h ࣁߏǵቨǵଯ*

3.
ှǺ

з AB = x
߾ OB = 25 − x
x 2 = (25 − x) 2 + 5 2

x 2 = 625 − 50 x + x 2 + 25

50 x = 650

x = 13

∴ AB = 13

BotǺ AB = 13

4.
ှ;
ฝ΋ᙁკȐӵѓკȑ
‫׎‬ԋ‫ فޔ‬ΔOAB
2 2
AB = OA + OB

= 82 + 82

3-142
 =8 2

BotǺ 8 2 ϦЁ

6/
ှ;
)Б‫ ݤ‬2/*
(5,4,3) → (40,32,24)

ё‫ޕ‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕࣁ 51 ә

)Б‫ ݤ‬3/*

ჹ‫ف‬ጕ = 24 2 + 32 2

= 576 + 1024

= 1600

= 40

Bot;51 ә

7/
ှ;
зΟᜐߏࣁ 3x ǵ 4 x ǵ 5 x Ϧϩ
1
⋅ 3 x ⋅ 4 x = 54
2

x2 = 9

x = ±3 Ȑॄόӝȑ

‫ >ߏڬ‬3x + 4 x + 5 x = 12 x

= 12 ⋅ 3

3-143
 = 36

BotǺ47 ϦЁ

7.
ှǺ
2
OB = 12 + 2 2

=5
2 2
OC = OB + 2 2

=9
2 2
OD = OC + 32

= 9+9

= 18

OD = 18 = 3 2

BotǺ 3 2

8.
ှǺ
2
௹ᜐ AB = ( 19 + 3) 2 + ( 19 − 3) 2

= 28 + 6 19 + 28 − 6 19

= 56

∴ AB = 56 = 2 14

BotǺ 2 14

9.

ှ;
ܴᡉ CD > AB
ճҔ‫ فޔ‬ΔBCD ύ

3-144
 BD = 4, BC = 12

∴CD = 4 2 + 12 2

= 16 + 144

= 160

= 4 10

BotǺ 4 10

10.

ှǺ

AB = [3 − (−4)]2 + (a − 8) 2 = 25

7 2 + (a − 8) 2 = 25 2

(a − 8) 2 = 576 = (±24) 2

a − 8 = ±24

∴ a = 8 ± 24

a = 32,−16

BotǺ a = 32,−16

QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
1.

ှǺ

)2*‫ فޔ‬ΔABH ύǴ AH = 6 2 − 3 2

= 27

=3 3

3-145
 1
!!!!)3*! ΔABC = ⋅ 6 ⋅ 3 3
2

=9 3

a
)4*ऩ AB = a Ǵ߾ BH =
2

a
ଯ AH = a 2 − ( ) 2
2

1
= a2 − a2
4

3 2
= a
4

3
= a
2

1 3 3 2
∴ ΔABC = ⋅ a⋅ a= a
2 2 4

3
ջ҅Ο‫׎ف‬य़ᑈϦԄࣁ (ᜐߏ) 2
4

3 2
BotǺ)2* 3 3 !)3* 9 3 !)4* a
4

2.

3-146
ှ;
з OA = a, OB = b, OC = c, OD = d Ǵ
2 2
߾ AB + CD = (a 2 + b 2 ) + (c 2 + d 2 )
= (a 2 + d 2 ) + (b 2 + c 2 )
2 2
= AD + BC

= 52 + 7 2

= 74

BotǺ85

3.
ှǺ
а‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Οᜐߏ۳ѦբΟঁ࣬՟კ‫׎‬Ǵ
߾ѸԖεय़ᑈ>ύय़ᑈ,λय़ᑈ
ࡺǺ)D*҅ዴ
BotǺ)D*

4.
ှ;
҅Б‫ ׎‬BCDE>3!!!!!
‫܌‬аε҅Б‫׎‬य़ᑈ>! 5 ⋅ 2 = 10
∴ ᜐߏࣁ 10

Եቾ 12 + 3 2 = 10
‫فޔפ‬Ο‫ ࣁިٿ׎ف‬2Ǵ4
߾௹ᜐ = 10
⇒ Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬QRST ջࣁ‫؃܌‬

3-147
5.

ှǺ
ᜐߏࣁ 13
Եቾ 2 2 + 3 2 = 13
‫فޔפ‬Ο‫ ࣁިٿ׎ف‬3Ǵ4
⇒ Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE ࣁ‫؃܌‬

6.

ှǺ
٩ϭި‫ۓ‬౛
x 2 = y 2 + 97 2

x 2 − y 2 = 97 2

( x + y )( x − y ) = 97 2 !!!):8 ࢂ፦ኧ*

ѝૈϩှԋ 9409 ⋅ 1
∴ x + y = 9409, x − y = 1

ΔABC ‫ = ߏڬ‬x + y + 97

= 9409 + 97 = 9506

BotǺ:617

3-148
7.
ှ;
ೱ AC

߾ AC = 3 2 + 4 2 = 5
ΔABC ࣁ)24Ǵ23Ǵ6*

ё‫∠ ޕ‬BAC = 90 0
∴ Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE

= ΔABC + ΔACD
1 1
= ⋅ 5 ⋅ 12 + ⋅ 3 ⋅ 4
2 2

= 36

BotǺ47

8.
ှ;

з BD = x, CD = 2 x
2
Q 4 2 − x 2 = AD = 5 2 − (2 x) 2

16 − x 2 = 25 − 4 x 2

3x 2 = 9

x2 = 3

x = ± 3 Ȑॄόӝȑ

ࡺۭ BC = 3x = 3 3

ଯ AD = 4 2 − x 2 = 13
1
ΔABC = ⋅ BC ⋅ AD
2
1
= ⋅ 3 3⋅ 13
2

3-149
 3
= 39
2
3
BotǺ 39
2

:/
ှǺ
(6 x) 2 + (7 x) 2 = 85 2

36 x 2 + 49 x 2 = 85 2

85 x 2 = 85 2

∴ x 2 = 85
1
ΔABC = ⋅ 7x ⋅ 6x
2

= 21x 2

= 21⋅ 85

= 1785

BotǺ2896

10.
ှǺ

∴ a 2 + b 2 = 3 ǾǾǾǾ)2*

c 2 + d 2 = 2 ǾǾǾǾ)3*

!!!!!)2*,)3*Ǻ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 = 5
ջ!B,C,D,E>6
BotǺ!6

3-150
11.

ှǺ
ၸ E բ L2 ࠟጕ
߾ ΔADE ≅ ΔDCF
ࡺ AE = DF
= 13 − 7 = 6
2 2 2
∴ AD = AE + DE
= 62 + 72
= 85

BotǺ96

12.

ှǺ‫ ߏۯ‬CD, BA Ҭ‫ ܭ‬Q

߾ ΔQBC ࣁ 30 0 − 60 0 − 90 0 ϐ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬
1
∴ CQ = BC = 4
2
ࡺ DQ = 4 − 1 = 3
Ξ BQ = 4 3
з AQ = x
1 3 13
߾ ⋅ 4⋅ 4 3 − x = 3
2 2 2

3x = 3 3
x= 3
∴ AB = 4 3 − 3
=3 3
BotǺ 3 3

3-151
 5.3!ࢲҔϭި‫ۓ‬౛

QBSU J;Ьᚒ௖઩ื

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2Ǻ

ϭި‫ۓ‬౛‫ޑ‬᛾ܴ)J*!!

‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ύǴ ∠C = 90 0 , AB = 5, BC = 3, AC = 4 Ǵ

߾ύ҅Б‫ ׎‬BDEF>!

λ҅Б‫ ׎‬DCGH>!

ε҅Б‫ ׎‬BCIJ>!

ว౜҅Б‫ ׎‬ACDE +҅Б‫ ׎‬CBFG=҅Б‫ ׎‬ABHI

2 2 2
⇒ AC + BC = AB

⇒ ‫ިٿ‬ѳБ‫>ک‬௹ᜐѳБ

Ԝࣁϭި‫ۓ‬౛നԐ‫ޑ‬᛾ܴȐ౥МᏢࢴȑ
ǴԜკӧӑࡋᆀࣁȨཥাශȩǶ

BotǺ16 , 9 , 25

ግಞ 2.2

‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ύǴ ∠C = 90 0 ǴаΟᜐࣁ҅Б

‫ޑ׎‬ᜐߏӛѦբΟঁ҅Б‫׎‬ȐӵკȑǴς‫ޕ‬

‫҅ٿ‬Б‫׎‬य़ᑈࣁ 27: Ϸ 255

‫؃‬1҅Б‫ ׎‬ACDE य़ᑈ=

2 ΔABC ‫>ߏڬ‬

3-152
 3 ΔABC य़ᑈ>

ግಞ 2.3

ӵკǴ‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ‫ޑ‬Οᜐߏࣁ p, q, ۳Ѧբ

Ο҅Б‫׎‬Ǵय़ᑈࣁ P, Q, R ǴፎբΠӈѤᚒࢂߚ

ᚒǺ

)2*!)!!* p 2 + q 2 = r 2

)3*!)!!*! p + q =

)4*!)!!*! P 2 + Q 2 = R 2

)5*!)!!*! P + Q = R

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3Ǻ

ϭި‫ۓ‬౛‫ޑ‬ຓܴ)JJ*

ѓკࢂҗѤ༧Οᜐߏࣁ 6Ǵ23Ǵ24 ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ف‬

‫܌‬ൎԋ‫҅ޑ‬Б‫׎‬ǴፎୢǺ

1ύѧٗ༧Ѥᜐ‫ࢂ׎‬ցࣁ҅Б‫@׎‬ Z!! Ȑ༤̕ps!Oȑ

ȐӢࣁѤϣ‫ ֡ف‬:1 ࡋǴЪѤঁᜐߏࣁ 23.6>8ȑ

2ύѧٗ༧Ѥᜐ‫׎‬य़ᑈ!>!!5:

3-153
3ε҅Б‫>׎‬λ҅Б‫׎‬,5 ༧‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬
1
13 2 = (12 − 5) 2 + 4 ⋅ ( ⋅ 5 ⋅ 12)
2

4ऩ‫ׯ‬ԋ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ ࣁިٿ׎ف‬a, b, (a > b) Ǵ௹ᜐࣁ c Ǵ߾΢Ԅё߄Ңࣁ;

1
c 2 = (a − b) 2 + 4 ⋅ ( ab)
2
= a 2 − 2ab + b 2 + 2ab
= a2 + b2

Ԝკࣁύ୯നԐ‫ޑ‬ϭި‫ۓ‬౛᛾ܴǴࢂܿᅇ҃ԃᇳ౏‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ǴΞᆀ

ࣁȨ۰კȩǶ

ግಞ 3Ǻ

գԾςΨёаவѓკٰ᛾ܴϭި‫ۓ‬౛"

ஒ΢ᚒϐკѦуѤ༧‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Ǵ

߾ε҅Б‫ ׎‬PQRS ‫ޑ‬ᜐߏࣁ

‫ځ‬य़ᑈࣁ !>

҅Б‫ ׎‬ABCD ‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ=

ѦൎѤ༧‫فޔ‬Ο‫ޑ׎ف‬य़ᑈ‫!>ک‬5 ⋅ !>!

җε҅Б‫҅=׎‬Б‫ ׎‬ABCD+ѦൎѤ༧‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬
(a + b) 2 = c 2 + 2ab
a 2 + 2ab + b 2 = c 2 + 2ab

ள a2 + b2 = c2

3-154
ጄ‫ ٯ‬4Ǻ

ϭި‫ۓ‬౛‫ޑ‬᛾ܴ)JJJ*

ѓკ ABCD ࣁఊ‫׎‬Ǵ
1
ఊ‫׎‬य़ᑈ>Ȑ΢ۭ + Πۭȑ ⋅ ଯ ⋅
2
1
= ( a + b) ⋅ ( a + b) ⋅
2
1 2
= (a + 2ab + b 2 )
2
1 2 1
= a + ab + b 2 ǾǾǾǾǾķ
2 2

Ξ ΔABE + ΔCDE + ΔADE

1 1 1
= ab + ab + c 2 ǾǾǾǾǾĸ
2 2 2

җķ>ĸ
1 2 1 1 1 1
a + ab + b 2 = ab + ab + c 2
2 2 2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
a + b = c
2 2 2
∴ a2 + b2 = c2

Ԝࣁऍ୯ಃ 22 Һᕴ಍у๷ᅟቺȐHbmgjfmeȑ‫ ܭ‬2987 ԃ҂྽ᕴ಍

߻‫܌‬གྷ‫ޑډ‬Б‫ݤ‬Ƕ

3-155
ግಞ 4Ǻ

֤኱ѳय़΢Ǵ A(0,3), B(2,0), C (5,2) Ǵ

‫)؃‬2*҅Б‫ ׎‬ABCD य़ᑈǶ

)3*E ᗺ֤኱Ƕ

ගҢǺ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5Ǻ

‫؃‬ѳՉѤᜐ‫ޑ׎‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕߏǺ

ѳՉѤᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE ύǴ

AD = 8, AB = 6, ∠ABC = 600

၂‫؃‬

)2*ჹ‫ف‬ጕ BD =

)3*ჹ‫ف‬ጕ AC =

3-156
ှǺ

)2*ၸ E բ DE ⊥ BC ‫ ܭ‬EǴ߾ ΔCDE ࣁ

30 0 − 60 0 − 90 0 ϐΟ‫׎ف‬Ǵࡺ

CE = 3 - DE = 3 3 Ǵҗ‫ فޔ‬ΔBDE ‫ޕ‬

2 2
BD = BE + DE

= 112 + (3 3 ) 2

= 121 + 27
= 148
= 2 37

)3*ၸ B բ AF ⊥ BC ‫ ܭ‬G-!߾

BF = 3, FC = 5 Ǵ‫ فޔ‬ΔACF ύ

2 2
AC = AF + CF

= (3 3 ) 2 + 5 2

= 52
= 2 13

BotǺ)2*! 2 37 !!!)3*! 2 13

3-157
ግಞ 5.2

ऩ҅Б‫׎‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕߏࣁ 22Ǵ‫؃‬

1҅Б‫׎‬ᜐߏ

2҅Б‫׎‬य़ᑈ

ግಞ 5.3

๯‫׎‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕϕ࣬ࠟ‫ޔ‬ЪѳϩǴ౜ς‫ޕ‬ᜐߏࣁ 21Ǵ΋ჹ‫ف‬ጕߏࣁ

27Ǵ‫؃‬ќ΋ჹ‫ف‬ጕߏࣁ Ǵ๯‫׎‬य़ᑈ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ౥Мᐋ

ѓკࢂҗΟঁ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Ǵ

ᆶΎঁ҅Б‫ ׎‬A,B,C,D,E ,F ,G ‫܌‬ಔԋǴ

ऩ A + B + C + D=100, ‫ ؃‬E+F+G=

3-158
ှǺ
E=A + B
F=C + D
‫܌‬а E + F = A + B + C + D = 100

ΞG=E+F
= 100
‫܌‬а E + F + G = 200

AnsǺ200

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻ

΋ఊηߏ 3/6 ϦЁǴఊဌຯᕅ‫ ف‬2/6 ϦЁǴ

‫؃‬

)2*ఊഗຯᕅ‫ف‬ ϦЁ

)3*‫)܍‬2*ఊഗΠྖ 1/6 ϦЁǴ߾ఊဌѦ౽ ϦЁ

ှǺ

)2*‫( = ؃܌‬2.5) 2 − (1.5) 2

= 6.25 − 2.25
= 4
=2

3-159
 )3*ఊηߏ 3/6 ϦЁόᡂ

OA = 2.5 2 − (2 − 0.5) 2

= 4
=2

‫ =؃܌‬2-1.5=0.5 (ϦЁ)

AnsǺ(1) 2 ϦЁ (2)0.5 ϦЁ

ግಞ 7

΋ఊηߏ 6 2 ϦЁǴ௹᎞΋ᕅǴ࡞ᆶӦय़և 45 0 Ǵ

Ϟ΢௢ x ϦЁࡕǴ֨‫ف‬ᡂԋ 60 0 Ǵ‫ ؃‬x >

)ᕅଯ OA ‫*ۓڰ‬

6 2
ගҢǺ চ OA = = 6 = OA'
2
6
OB ′ = =2 3
3
A′B ′ = 2OB ′ = 4 3

3-160
ጄ‫ ٯ‬8Ǻ

Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬ABCD ύǴ CD = 3, AB = 5, BC = 6 ‫؃‬

AD =

ှǺ

2 2 2 2
ೱ AC Ǵ߾ AD + CD = AB + BC
2
ջ AD + 3 2 = 5 2 + 6 2
AD = 25 + 36 − 9
= 52
= 2 13

BotǺ 2 13

ግಞ 8

Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE ύǴBC = 7, CD = 4, AB = x, AD = y Ǵ

‫ ( ؃‬x − y )( x + y ) =

ගҢǺೱ AC

2
x 2 + 7 2 = AC = y 2 + 4 2

x 2 − y 2 = 42 − 72
= −33

ջ ( x − y )( x + y ) = x 2 − y 2 = −33

3-161
 QBSU!JJǺ Ꮲಞᔠෳઠ

2/ L1 // L2 // L3 // L4 ǴЪ໔ຯ֡ࣁ 2Ǵ

ϞԖ΋҅Б‫ ׎‬BCDEǴѤഗᗺϩձӧ

Ѥ‫ޔ‬ጕ΢Ǵ‫҅؃‬Б‫ ׎‬BCDE य़ᑈ>ǻ

3/ ϖᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDEF ύǴ AB = 5, CD = 3, AE = DE = 11

ǴЪ ∠A = ∠D = ∠E = 90 0 Ǵ‫ ؃‬BC =

4/ऩ҅Б‫ ׎‬PBCD>736Ǵ҅Б‫ ׎‬PEFG>687

Ъ D ӧ DE ΢Ǵ‫ ؃‬ΔOCD य़ᑈ>!

3-162
5/а‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ‫ ޑ‬AB ࣁᜐߏǴ۳Ѧբ΋҅Б‫׎‬

ABDEǴς‫ ޕ‬AC = 5, BC = 12 Ǵ

၂‫)؃‬2* CE = )3* CD =

6/)2*‫؃‬ᜐߏࣁ 3 ‫҅ޑ‬Ζᜐ‫׎‬य़ᑈ>!

)3*‫؃‬ᜐߏࣁ 3 ‫҅ޑ‬Ϥᜐ‫׎‬य़ᑈ>!

)4*Кၨ)2*ǵ)3*ελǶ

7/‫ فޔ‬ΔABC ύǴ AC = 6, BC = 8 Ǵϣௗ΋҅Б‫׎‬

DEFGǴ‫ ؃‬DE =

3-163
8/ఊ‫ ׎‬BCDE ύǴ AD // BC Ъ BC ⊥ CD, ∠B = 45 0 Ǵ

BC = 7 dn-ऩ CE ⊥ AB Ъஒఊ‫׎‬य़ᑈϩԋ 8Ǻ9Ǵ

‫ ؃‬AD + CD ϐߏࣁ dn

9/ऩ OP = 3 ǴЪ ∠O = 60 0 ǴϞԖ΋ Q ᗺӧ OL ΢౽

୏ǴፎӣเΠӈୢᚒ

)2*྽ OQ = ਔǴ ΔOPQ ࣁ҅Ο‫׎ف‬

)3*྽ OQ = ਔǴ ΔOPQ ࣁ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬

)4*྽ OQ ጄൎӧ ਔǴ ΔOPQ ࣁ᎒‫ف‬Ο‫׎ف‬

)5*྽ OQ ጄൎӧ ਔǴ ΔOPQ ࣁ໌‫ف‬Ο‫׎ف‬

3-164
:/ ΔABC ࣁ௹ᜐߏ16 2 ‫ޑ‬฻ဈ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ف‬

‫׎‬Ǵஒ B ‫ ݮ‬DE ࣁ‫ש‬౩Ǵ‫ש‬Կ BC ύᗺ GǴ

‫ ؃‬ΔCEF य़ᑈ

21/ં‫ ׎‬BCDE ύǴ AH ⊥ DH Ъ AH = 9, DH = 7 Ǵ‫؃‬

ં‫ ׎‬BCDE य़ᑈ>!

3-165
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

2/ં‫ ׎‬BCDE ύǴ AB = 5, ΔABE = 30 Ǵ

ஒ E ᗺа AF ࣁ‫ש‬ጕǴ‫ש‬Կ F ᗺȐF ӧ BC

΢ȑǴ‫ ؃‬ΔCEF =

2.‫֤فޔ‬኱‫س‬ύǴA(0,6), B (7,2)ǴP ᗺӧ y ື΢Ǵ

၂‫;؃‬

)2*ऩ ∠APB = 90 0 Ǵ‫ ؃‬P ᗺ֤኱

)3*ऩ ΔAPB = 9 Ǵ‫ ؃‬P ᗺ֤኱

4/ϖᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDEF ύǴ
∠A = ∠C = ∠D = 90 0 , ∠B = ∠E = 135 0

Ъ AB = 3, CD = 6, DE = 2Ǵ‫؃‬ϖᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDE

‫ޑ‬य़ᑈ>

3-166
5/ં‫ ׎‬BCDEǴ༝Ј P ӧ BC ΢ǴЪ

AB = 4, BQ = 3, AP = 5 Ǵ‫؃‬༝‫ޔޑ‬৩>

6/ς‫ ޕ‬ΔABC ύǴ AB = 25, AC = 17 ǴԶ BC ΢‫ޑ‬ଯ AD = 15 Ǵ

‫ ؃‬BC >!

7/ߏБᡏ‫ߏޑ‬ǴቨǴଯࣁ 6Ǵ5Ǵ4Ǵ

‫ ؃‬B ‫߄ݮ‬य़‫ ډ‬C ‫ޑ‬നอຯᚆ>

3-167
8/‫֤فޔ‬኱ѳय़΢ǴԖ΋ঁ༝ЈӧচᗺǴЪъ৩ࣁ

6 ‫ޑ‬༝Ǵ༝‫ڬ‬΢‫ޑ‬ᗺаȐa,bȑ߄ҢǴᅈ‫ ى‬a,b ֡ࣁ

᏾ኧ‫ޑ‬ᗺӅԖ ঁ

9/ ΔABC ύǴ ∠A = 60 0 , ∠B = 75 0 , AB = 4 -‫ ؃‬ΔABC य़ᑈ>

:/ ΔABC ύǴ ∠B = 600 , AB = 16, BK = 6, CK = 4

‫ ؃‬AC =

3-168
21/ӵკǴ‫ޔ‬ጕ M ΢Ԗ B ᗺ֤኱

(4t + 2,5t ) Ǵӧಃ΋ຝज़ϣǶ c ࢂ M

ᆶ x ືҬᗺǴऩ ΔABC य़ᑈࣁ 21 ѳ

БൂՏǴ‫ ؃‬t ϐॶࣁՖǻ

22/Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬ABCD ύǴ ∠B = ∠D = 90°, ∠C = 120°

Ъ AB = 4, CD = 2 Ǵ‫ ؃‬BC = Ǵ AD =

3-169
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤

2/ ΔABC ύǴ ∠BAC = 45 0 , AH ⊥ BC ‫ ܭ‬H

Ъ BH = 3, CH = 2 Ǵ‫ ؃‬ΔABC य़ᑈ>

ှǺ

‫∠ ڗ‬PAB = ∠HAB ǴЪ AP = AH

∠RAC = ∠HAC ǴЪ AR = AH

߾ ∠PAR = 90°

ೱ PB, RC ‫ߏۯ‬Ҭ‫ ܭ‬Q

߾Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬APQR ࣁ҅Б‫׎‬

з AH = x Ǵ߾ AP = AR = x

‫ فޔ‬ΔBCQ ύǴ BC = 5

BQ = x − 3, CQ = x − 2

٩ϭި‫ۓ‬౛‫ޕ‬
( x − 3) 2 + ( x − 2) 2 = 5 2
x 2 − 6 x + 9 + x 2 − 4 x + 4 = 25
2 x 2 − 10 x − 12 = 0
x 2 − 5x − 6 = 0
( x + 1)( x − 6) = 0

∴ x = 6, x = −1 )όӝ*

1
∴ ΔABC = ⋅ BC ⋅ AH
2
1
= ⋅ 5 ⋅ 6 = 15
2

BotǺ26

3-170
3/۰კ֮Ҕ

Q ӧ҅Б‫ ׎‬ABCD Ѧ΋ᗺǴ

ς‫ ޕ‬ΔABQ = 48, ΔCBQ = 20, QB = 8

‫҅؃‬Б‫ ׎‬ABCD य़ᑈ>

ှǺ

ၸ A բ AE ⊥ QB ‫ߏۯ‬ጕ‫ ܭ‬E

ံฝԋȸ۰კȹ
Q ΔABQ = 48
1
⋅ QB ⋅ AE = 48
2
1
⋅ 8 ⋅ AE = 48
2
∴ AE = 12

ΞQ ΔCBQ = 20
1
⋅ QB ⋅ CF = 20
2
1
⋅ 8 ⋅ CF = 20
2
∴ CF = 5 = BE

ࡺ‫ فޔ‬ΔABE ύǴ AB = 5 2 + 12 2
= 13

‫܌‬а҅Б‫ ׎‬ABCD य़ᑈ>27:

BotǺ27:

3-171
4/Ѥᜐ‫ ׎‬ABCD ύǴ ∠B = ∠D = 90 0 Ǵ

AB = 4, BC = 8, Ъ AD = CD Ǵ

‫؃‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕ BD =

ှǺ΋ᚒӭှǺ

ȘБ‫ݤ‬΋ș

BK = 12 2 + 12 2 = 12 2

1
BD = BK
2
1
= ⋅ 12 2
2
=6 2

ȘБ‫ݤ‬ΒșǺ

ံԋ҅Б‫ ׎‬FBED, ΔDFA ≅ ΔDEC ( AAS )

з CE = x = AF

BF = BE
4+ x =8− x
2x = 4
x=2
∴ BE = 8 − 2 = 6

ࡺ BD ࢂ҅Б‫ ׎‬FBED ჹ‫ف‬ጕ

2 2
∴ BD = BE + DE = 62 + 62

=6 2

BotǺ 6 2

3-172
5/Οᜐ֡ࣁ᏾ኧ‫ فޔޑ‬ΔABC य़ᑈ> x ѳБൂՏǴ‫ >ߏڬ‬x ൂՏǴ

‫؃‬Ԝᅿ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ϐᜐߏࣁՖǻ

ှǺ

з‫ ࣁިٿ‬a, b(a > b)

1
a + b + a 2 + b2 = ab
2
1
a 2 + b 2 = − a + ab − b
2
1 2 2
a2 + b2 = a2 + a b + b 2 − a 2 b + 2ab − ab 2
4
a 2 b 2 − 4a 2 b − 4ab 2 + 8ab = 0
ab − 4a − 4b + 8 = 0
a (b − 4) − 4(b − 4) = 8
(a − 4)(b − 4) = 8

a-4 8 4
b-4 1 2

⎧a = 12 ⎧a = 8
∴⎨ ‫܈‬ ⎨
⎩b = 5 ⎩b = 6

Οᜐߏࣁ)6-23-24*-)7-9-21*

AnsǺ(5,12,13) , (6,8,10)

3-173
6/ς‫فޔޕ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Οᜐߏ֡ࣁ᏾ኧǴЪ‫ ޑߏڬ‬4 ७ᆶ‫ޑިٿ‬ᑈ࣬฻Ǵ

‫פ‬р‫܌‬Ԗ೭ᜪ‫فޔޑ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Ƕ

ှǺ

!!!!\Lfz^Ǻ‫ިٿ‬ѸԖ΋ঁࣁ 4 ‫ޑ‬७ኧ

೛‫ ࣁިٿ‬3a, b Ǵ௹ᜐࣁ c

߾ 3(3a + b + c) = 3ab
c = ab − 3a − b

Ξ٩ϭި‫ۓ‬౛
ϦԄǺ (a + b + c) 2
(3a) 2 + b 2 = c 2 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
9a 2 + b 2 = (ab − 3a − b) 2
9a 2 + b 2 = a 2 b 2 + 9a 2 + b 2 − 6a 2 b + 6ab − 2ab 2

ab − 6a − 2b + 6 = 0 !)ӕନа ab *

a (b − 6) − 2(b − 6) = 6
(a − 2)(b − 6) = 6

a-2 6 3 2 1
b-6 1 2 3 6
a 8 5 4 3
b 7 8 9 12

3a 24 15 12 9
Οᜐ
b 7 8 9 12
c 25 17 15 15

BotǺ):-23-26*Ǵ)9-26-28*Ǵ)8-35-36*

3-174
ှเጇ

QBSU J;Ьᚒ௖઩ื

ግಞ 2ɡ˞
Ans: 125 230 330

ግಞ 2.3

BotǺ!)2*!Ʉ!)3*!Y!)4*!Y!)5*!Ʉ

ግಞ 3
1
BotǺ a + b ǹ (a + b) 2 ǹ a 2 + 2ab + b 2 ǹ c 2 ǹ ab ǹ 2ab
2

ግಞ 4

AnsǺ(1) 13 (2) D(3,5)

ግಞ 5.2

11 2 121
BotǺ1 2
2 2

ግಞ 5.3

BotǺ23!Ǵ:7

ግಞ 7

Bot; 6 2 − 4 3

3-175
ግಞ 8

Bot;!.44

QBSU!JJǺ Ꮲಞᔠෳઠ

2/

ှ;

բ҅Б‫ ׎‬PQRSǴߡёှள

AB = 12 + 2 2

= 5

‫܌‬а҅Б‫ ׎‬BCDE = ( 5 ) 2 = 5

BotǺ6

2.

ှ;

ံԋ҅Б‫ ׎‬BLEF

ள‫ ޕ‬BC = 6 2 + 8 2
= 10

Bot;21

3-176
3.

ှǺ
OC = 625 = 25
OD = 576 = 24
2 2
∴ CD = OC − OD

= 49
=7
1
ࡺ ΔOCD = ⋅ 7 ⋅ 24
2
= 84

Bot;95

4.

ှ;

ճҔ҅Б‫ ׎‬DQSRǴё‫ فޔޕ‬ΔCPE ύ

CE = 5 2 + 17 2

= 25 + 289
= 314

‫ فޔ‬ΔCDQ ύ

CD = 12 2 + 17 2

= 433

‫ځ‬ჴ) CD ≠ CE *!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

!BotǺ)2* 314 !!)3* 433

3-177
5.

ှ;

!!!)2*

ε҅Б‫׎‬.5 ⋅ ฻ဈ‫ فޔ‬ΔABC

1
= (2 + 2 2 ) 2 − 4 ⋅ ⋅ 2⋅ 2
2
= 4+8 2 +8−4

=8 2 +8 Ȑ 2 ɭ1.4, 3 ɭ1.7ȑ

ɭ 8 ⋅ 1.4 + 8 = 19.2

)3*‫ = ؃܌‬6 ⋅ ‫إ‬ΔOAB

3
= 6⋅ ⋅ 22
4
=6 3

ɭ 6 ⋅ 1.7 = 10.2

)4*!2:/3?21/3

ё‫҅ޕ‬Ζᜐ‫׎‬ၨε

BotǺ)2* 8 2 + 8 !)3* 6 3 !)4*!҅Ζᜐ‫׎‬ၨε

3-178
6.

ှ;

ೱ CE Ǵз DE = x
Q ΔABC = ΔACE + ΔBCE
1 1 1
⋅ 6 ⋅ 8 = ⋅ 6 x + ⋅ 8x
2 2 2
48 = 14 x
24
x=
7
24
BotǺ
7

7.

ှ;

‫ ߏۯ‬CD, BA Ҭ‫ ܭ‬PǴ

όѸᆅय़ᑈϩԋ 8Ǻ9

Q ΔOAD, ΔOBC ֡ࣁ฻ဈ‫فޔ‬ϐΟ‫׎ف‬

∴ ջёว౜ AD = OD

Զ AD + CD = OD + CD = BC = 7

BotǺ8!

3-179
8.

ှ;

)2*ܴᡉ OQ = OP = 3
3
!!!!)3* OQ = !ps! OQ = 6
2
3
!!!!)4*! < OQ < 6
2
3
!!!!)5*! 0 < OQ < !!) ∠OQP > 900 *
2

‫ ܈‬OQ > 6 !!!) ∠OPQ > 900 !*

3 3 3
!BotǺ)2*!4!)3* -7!)4* < OQ < 6 !)5* 0 < OQ < ‫ ܈‬OQ > 6
2 2 2
9.

ှ;

‫ ޕ‬AC = BC = 16 Ǵ

з CE = x Ǵ߾ EF = AE = 16 − x Ǵ

Ξ CF = 8 Ǵ

2 2 2
∴ EF = CE + CF

(16 − x) 2 = x 2 + 8 2
256 − 32 x + x 2 = x 2 + 64
192 = 32 x
6=x
1
ࡺ ΔCEF = ⋅ 8 ⋅ 6 = 24 Ǵ
2

BotǺ35

3-180
10.

ှ;

όѸ‫ ؃‬AD ‫ ک‬AB ߡё‫ ׎ંޕ‬BCDE य़ᑈ

Q ં‫ ׎‬BCDE = 2 ⋅ ΔAHD

1
= 2⋅ ⋅ 9⋅ 7
2
= 63

BotǺ74

3-181
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

2/

ှǺ

AE = 5 2 + 12 2 = 13 = AD

CE = 13 − 12 = 1

з DF = x Ǵ߾ EF = x, CF = 5 − x

2 2 2
‫ فޔ‬ΔCEF ύǴ CE + CF = EF
12 + (5 − x) 2 = x 2
1 + 25 − 10 x + x 2 = x 2
2 .6 = x
∴ 5 − x = 5 − 2 .6 = 2 .4
1
ࡺ ΔCEF = ⋅ 1 ⋅ 2.4 = 1.2
2
AnsΚ1.2

3/

ှ;!

)2*з P(a,0)

2 2 2
߾ AP + BP = AB
a 2 + 6 2 + ( a − 7) 2 + 2 2 = 7 2 + 4 2
2a 2 − 14a + 24 = 0
a 2 − 7 a + 12 = 0

(a − 3)(a − 4) = 0
∴ a = 3,4

3-182
 )3*з P(b,0), b > 0
( 2 + 6) ⋅ 7
ఊ‫ ׎‬AOCB = = 28
2
1
ΔAOP = ⋅ b ⋅ 6 = 3b
2
1
ΔPBC = ⋅ ( 7 − b) ⋅ 2 = 7 − b
2
Q ΔAPB = 9
28 − (3b + 7 − b) = 9
12 = 2b
b=6

BotǺ)2*
)2*!)4-1*‫)!܈‬5-1*!)3*
)2* )3*!)7-1*
)3*

4/

ှǺ

ஒচკȐ΋ȑᡂԋკȐΒȑ

‫ = ؃܌‬ΔPCQ − ΔABP − ΔDEQ ȐΟঁ֡ࣁ

฻ဈ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ȑ
1 2
= (8 − 3 2 − 2 2 )
2
51
=
2
51
BotǺ
2

3-183
5/

ှǺ

зъ৩ OQ = x

߾ OP = x, PR = x − 2

ճҔϭި‫ۓ‬౛
( x − 2) 2 + 4 2 = x 2
x 2 − 4 x + 4 + 16 = x 2
20 = 4 x
x=5

‫܌‬а‫ޔ‬৩>21

BotǺ‫ޔ‬৩>21

6/

ှ;!

Ԗ‫ٿ‬ᅿёૈ

)2* BD = 25 2 − 15 2 = 20

CD = 17 2 − 15 2 = 8

∴ BC = 20 + 8 = 28

)3* BC = BD − CD
∴ BC = 20 − 8 = 12

ࡺ BC = 28,12

Ȑqt;চᚒҞคߕკǴࡺᔈϩ‫ٿ‬ᅿ௃‫૸ݩ‬ፕȑ

3-184
7/

ှ;

ҥᡏӃѳय़ϯǴӆ٩ϭި‫ۓ‬౛ှᚒ

!!!!)j* AB = 92 + 32 = 90

!!)jj* AB = 52 + 7 2 = 74

!!!!!)jjj* AB = 42 + 82 = 80

ࡺ 74 < 80 < 90

‫܌‬аനอຯᚆ 74

3-185
8

ှǺ

ӅԖȐ1-6ȑ-Ȑ1-.6ȑ-Ȑ6-1ȑ-Ȑ.6-1ȑ-

Ȑ4-5ȑ-Ȑ5-4ȑ-Ȑ.4-5ȑ-Ȑ.5-4ȑ-Ȑ.4-.5ȑ-

Ȑ.5-.4ȑ-Ȑ4-.5ȑ-Ȑ5-.4ȑ฻ 23 ঁᗺ

Ȑqt;೭ᜪ‫ޑ‬ᗺǴᆀࣁ᏾ኧᗺȑ

ှǺ

բ BH ⊥ AC ‫ ܭ‬IǴ߾ ΔABH ࣁ 30 0 − 60 0 − 90 0 ‫ޑ‬

‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Ǵ∴ AH = 2, BH = 2 3

Ξ ΔBCH ࣁ 45 0 − 45 0 − 90 0 ฻ဈ‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬

∴ CH = BH = 2 3
1
ΔABC = ⋅ AC ⋅ BH
2
1
= (2 + 2 3 ) ⋅ 2 3 = (2 + 2 3 ) ⋅ 3
2
= 6+2 3

BotǺ 6 + 2 3

3-186
:

ှǺ

բ AM ⊥ BC ‫ ܭ‬NǴ߾ ΔABM ࣁ 30 0 − 60 0 − 90 0 ‫فޔޑ‬Ο‫׎ف‬

1
∴ KM = BM − BK !!!!) BM = AB = 8 *
2
=8−6

=2

AM = 8 3 !!!!!!!!!) 3 ⋅ BM *

CM = 4 − 2 = 2

∴ ‫ فޔ‬ΔACM ύ

AC = (8 3 ) 2 + 2 2

= 192 + 4

= 14

BotǺ 14

3-187
21

ှǺ

c ᗺ y ֤኱>1

∴ 5t = 0, t = 0

ள 4t + 2 = 2

ࡺ c(2,0)

AB = 5t

BC = 4t + 2 − 2 = 4t
1
⋅ BC ⋅ AB = 10
2
1
⋅ 4t ⋅ 5t = 10
2
∴t 2 = 1

t = ±1 Ȑॄόӝȑ

Bot; t = 1

3-188
22

ှǺ

!!!!\Б‫ݤ‬΋^

բ BE ⊥ AD, CF ⊥ BE

ё‫ ޕ‬ΔABE , ΔBCF ֡ࣁ 30 0 − 60 0 − 90 0 ϐΟ‫ف‬

‫׎‬

∴ AE = 2, BE = 2 3

BF = 2 3 − 2
BC = 2 BF = 4 3 − 4

CF = 3 ⋅ BF = 3 (2 3 − 2)

= 6 − 2 3 = DE

ࡺ AD = AE + DE
= 2+6−2 3
=8−2 3

!!!!!!QTǺѤᜐ‫ ׎‬CDEF ࣁߏБ‫׎‬Ǵόࢂ҅Б‫׎‬

3-189
\Б‫ݤ‬Β^

ၸ D բ DR ⊥ AB, DQ ⊥ BC ‫ߏۯ‬ጕ‫ ܭ‬Q

߾ ΔADR, ΔCDQ ֡ࣁ 30 0 − 60 0 − 90 0 ϐΟ‫׎ف‬

1
∴ CQ = CD = 1
2

DQ = 3 ⋅ CQ = 3 = BR

ࡺ AR = 4 − 3
∴ AD = 2 AR = 8 − 2 3

DR = 3 ⋅ AR = 3 (4 − 3 )

= 4 3 −3

= BQ

ࡺ BC = BQ − 1
=4 3−4

BotǺ 4 3 − 4 ǹ 8 − 2 3

3-190
 6.2 ගϦӢԄ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
௖઩΋Ǻ
௖઩΋ǺӢԄᆶ७Ԅ
Ӣኧᆶ७ኧǺ
Ӣኧᆶ७ኧǺ
҅᏾ኧ b ନа҅᏾ኧ cǴऩᎩኧࣁ 1 ਔǴ߾ b ࢂ c ‫ޑ‬७ኧǴc ࢂ b ‫ޑ‬
ӢኧǶ
ӢԄᆶ७ԄǺ
ӢԄᆶ७Ԅ Ǻ
ӭ໨Ԅ B ନаӭ໨Ԅ CǴऩᎩԄࣁ 1 ਔǴ߾ B ࢂ C ‫ޑ‬७ԄǴC ࢂ B ‫ޑ‬
ӢԄǶ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬2
)2* ղձ y,4 ࢂցࣁ y3,21y,7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǻ
)3* ղձ y.3 ࢂցࣁ 3y3.8y,7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǻ
ှǺ)2* x ɠ7
x+3 x3 ,21x!,!7
x2 + 3x
7x + 6
7x + 21
-15
ӢࣁᎩԄό฻‫ ܭ‬1Ǵ‫܌‬а y,4 όࢂ y3,21y,7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǹ࣬ϸ‫ޑ‬Ǵ
y3,21y,7 όࢂ y,4 ‫ޑ‬७ԄǶ
)3* 2x -3
xɡ2 2x3 . 8x!,!7
2x2ɡ4x

-3x+ 6
-3x+ 6
0
ӢࣁᎩԄ฻‫ ܭ‬1Ǵ‫܌‬а y.3 ࢂ 3y3.8y,7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǹ࣬ϸ‫ޑ‬Ǵ3y3.8y,7
ࢂ y.3 ‫ޑ‬७ԄǶ
٣ჴ΢Ǵஒ 3y3.8y,7 ନа 3y.4 ‫ޑ‬ᎩԄࣁ 1ǶӢԜ 3y.4 Ψࢂ
3-191
3y3.8y,7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǹ3y3.8y,7 ࢂ 3y.4 ‫ޑ‬७ԄǶ
BotǺ)2*ց!)3*ࢂ
ግಞ 2.2 ղձ y,2 ࢂցࣁ y3,5y,4 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǻ
ግಞ 2.3 ղձ 3y.2 ࢂցࣁ 3y3.6y,7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǻ

௖઩ΒǺ
௖઩ΒǺӢԄϩှ‫ޑ‬ཀက
ஒӭ໨Ԅ B ନаӭ໨Ԅ CǴள‫ډ‬୘Ԅࣁӭ໨Ԅ D ЪᎩԄࣁ 1ǹᆀӭ໨
Ԅ C ёа᏾ନӭ໨Ԅ BǹճҔ೏ନԄ>ନԄ ⋅ ୘Ԅ,ᎩԄ)ᎩԄ>1*Ǵቪ
ԋ B>C ⋅ Dǹᆀࣁӭ໨Ԅ B ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှǶ
‫ٯ‬ӵǺ 2 x 2 − 7 x + 6 = (2 x − 3)( x − 2) ᆀࣁ 2 x 2 − 7 x + 6 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှǶ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3
ղձ 5y3,23y,: ࢂόࢂ 3y,4 ‫ޑ‬७ԄǶ٠Ъஒ 5y3,23y,: ӢԄϩှǶ
ှǺ
2x ɠ3
2x+3 4x3 ,23x!,!:
4x2+6x
6x + 9
6x + 9
0

ӢࣁᎩኧࣁ 1Ǵ‫܌‬а 5y3,23y,: ࢂ 3y,4 ‫ޑ‬७Ԅǹ

җ೏ନԄ฻‫ܭ‬ନԄ४а୘ԄǴӆуᎩԄǴ
ёள 5y3,23y,:ɨ)3y,4*)!3y,4*Ƕ
BotǺࢂ

ግಞ 3
ղձ 3y3,6y,4 ࢂόࢂ 3y,4 ‫ޑ‬७ԄǶ٠Ъஒ 3y3,6y,4 ӢԄϩှǶ

3-192
௖઩ΟǺ
௖઩ΟǺගϦӢԄ
‫ॺך‬ᏢၸϩଛࡓǺ
b⋅)cɠd*ɨbcɠbd ‫܈‬ )cɠd*⋅bɨcb
bɠdbb
࣬ϸ‫ޑ‬Ǵ
bcɠbdɨb⋅)cɠd* ‫ ܈‬cbbɠdbbɨ)cɠd*⋅b
ӧ΢य़‫ޑ‬ԄηύǴ‫ॺך‬ว౜Ǻbc ᆶ bd ೿ԖӅӕ‫ ޑ‬bǴ‫ע‬Ӆӕ‫ ޑ‬b ග
рٰǴ൩ள‫ډ‬ѓᜐ‫ޑ‬ԄηǶ
‫ॺך‬ΨёаճҔȨ࡫კ
࡫კȩٰᔠᡍǺ
࡫კ

b c b c

a ab + a ac = a ab ac

ab + ac = a(b+c)
b ࢂ bc ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴb Ψࢂ bd ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴӢԜ b ൩ࢂ bc ᆶ bd ‫ޑ‬ϦӢ
Ԅǹ‫ٯ‬ӵǺ7y ᆶ y3 ‫ޑ‬ϦӢԄࣁ yǴ
8)y,3*ᆶ)y,3*)3y,6*‫ޑ‬ϦӢԄࣁ)y,3*Ǵ
)3y.6*)y,4*ᆶ)4y,5*)3y.6*‫ޑ‬ϦӢԄࣁ)3y.6*Ƕ
‫܌‬аǴஒ bc,bd ቪԋ b)c,d*Ǵ‫ॺך‬ᆀࣁӢԄϩှǴ
‫ॺך‬ᆀࣁӢԄϩှǴ‫ע‬Ӆӕ‫ޑ‬Ϧ
ӢԄගрٰǴ೭ኬ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ᆀࣁȨගϦӢԄ
ගϦӢԄȩ
ගϦӢԄ Ƕ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬4
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*3by,y3!!!!!)3*8z3.z!!!!)4*)y.6*)3y,8*,)y.6*)y,4*
ှǺ
)2*ӭ໨Ԅ 3by,y3 ύԖ 3byǵy3 ‫ٿ‬໨ǴϦӢԄࣁ y
3by,y3
>y⋅3b,y⋅y
>y)3b,y*

3-193
)3*ӭ໨Ԅ 8z3.z ύԖ 8z3ǵ.z ‫ٿ‬໨ǴϦӢԄࣁ zǶ
8z3.z
>z⋅8z.z⋅2
>z)8z.2*
)4*ӭ໨Ԅ)y.6*)3y,8*,)y.6*)y,4*ύԖ)y.6*)3y,8*ǵ)y.6*)y,4*
‫ٿ‬໨ǴϦӢԄࣁ)y.6*Ƕ
)y.6*)3y,8*,)y.6*)y,4*
>)y.6*\)3y,8*,)y,4*^
>)y.6*)4y,21*
BotǺ)2*!y)3b,y*!)3*!z)8z.2*!)4*!)y.6*)4y,21*

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 4.2!6cy,8cz
ግಞ 4.3!)y,3*)y,4*,)y,3*)y.5*

௖઩Ѥ
௖઩ѤǺϩಔගϦӢԄ
ӭ໨Ԅ bc,bd,yc,yd Ӛ໨ؒԖӅӕ‫ޑ‬ϦӢԄǴՠࢂ bc ᆶ bd ԖϦ
ӢԄ bǴගрϦӢԄ b ࡕǴϩှԋ b)c,d*ǹyc ᆶ yd ԖϦӢԄ yǹග
рϦӢԄ y ࡕǴϩှԋ y)c,d*Ƕջёள
bc,bd,yc,yd
ɨb)c,d*,!y)c,d*
Ӣࣁ b)c,d*ᆶ y)c,d*ΨԖϦӢԄ)c,d*ǴӆගрϦӢԄ)c,d*ջёள
b)c,d*,!y)c,d*
ɨ)c,d*)b,y*
ӢԜӭ໨Ԅ bc,bd,yc,yd ёа٬ҔΠय़‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ӢԄϩှǺ
bc,bd,yc,yd
ɨb)c,d*,!y)c,d*
ɨ)c,d*)b,y*
3-194
‫עॺך‬΢ॊ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ᆀࣁȨϩಔගϦӢԄ
ϩಔගϦӢԄȩ
ϩಔගϦӢԄȩǶ
‫ॺך‬Ψёа٬ҔќѦ΋ᅿϩಔ‫ޑ‬БԄٰ଺ҁᚒ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှǺ
bc,bd,yc,yd
ɨ)bc,yc*,)bd,yd*
ɨc)b,y*!,d)b,y*
ɨ)b,y*)c,d*
வ΢य़‫ޑ‬ၸำёаว౜Ǻϩಔ‫ޑ‬БԄ٠ό୤΋Ƕѝाಃ΋ԛϩಔ
ࡕ‫܌‬ౢғ‫ޑ‬ӢԄёаӆගрϦӢԄǴ೿ࢂёа‫ޑ‬Ƕ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬5
ӢԄϩှ 3yz,4,3z,4y
ှǺ3yz,4,3z,4y
ɨ)3yz,3z*,)!4!,4y*
ɨ3z)y,2*,4)2,y*
ɨ)y,2*)3z,4*
BotǺ)y,2*)3z,4*

ግಞ 5
ӢԄϩှ cz4,cz3.3cz.3c

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6
ӢԄϩှ by,cy,dy,bz,cz,dz
ှǺby,cy,dy,bz,cz,dz
ɨ)by,cy,dy*,)bz,cz,dz*
ɨy)b,c,d*,z)b,c,d*
ɨ)b,c,d*)y,z*
BotǺ)b,c,d*)y,z*

ግಞ 6
ӢԄϩှ bc,bd,be.)yc,yd,ye*
3-195
௖઩ϖ
௖઩ϖǺ಄ဦ‫߾ݤ‬
2/4.9>.)9.4*Ǵ࣬ӕ‫ޑ‬Ǵb.cɨ.)c.b*
3/.b,c>.)b.c*Ǵ.b,c,d>.)b.c.d*
4/)b.c*3ɨ)b.c*⋅)b.c*ɨ\.)c.b*^⋅\.)c.b*^>)c.b*⋅)c.b*ɨ)c.b*3
5/)b.c*4ɨ)b.c*)b.c*)b.c*ɨ\.)c.b*^⋅\.)c.b*^⋅\.)c.b*^
ɨ.)c.b*4
6/!)b.c*5ɨ)b.c*3⋅)b.c*3ɨ)c.b*3⋅)c.b*3ɨ)c.b*5
ጄ‫ ٯ‬7
ӢԄϩှ y3.dy.3y,3d
ှǺy3.dy.3y,3d
ɨ)y3.dy*ɡ)3y.3d*
ɨy)y.d*ɡ3)y.d*
ɨ)y.d*)y.3*
BotǺ)y.d*)y.3*

ግಞ 7
ӢԄϩှ 4y.by.bc,4c

ጄ‫ ٯ‬8
ӢԄϩှ)b.c*3.5c)c.b*
ှǺ)b.c*3ɡ5c)c.b*
ɨ)b.c*3ɡ5c⋅\.)b.c*^
ɨ)b.c*3ɠ5c)b.c*
ɨ)b.c*)b.c,5c*
ɨ)b.c*)b,4c*
BotǺ)b.c*)b,4c*

ግಞ 8
ӢԄϩှ n)b.c*)y.z*.)c.b*)z.y*
3-196
ጄ‫ ٯ‬9;
ӢԄϩှ)b.4*yɡ)y3.4b*
ှǺ)b.4*y.)y3.4b*
ɨbyɡ4yɡy3ɠ4b
ɨ)byɠ4b*ɡ)4yɠy3*
ɨb)y,4*ɡy)4,y*
ɨ)y,4*)bɡy*
BotǺ)y,4*)bɡy*

ግಞ 9;
ӢԄϩှ 3b,)b3.5*y.3by3

3-197
 QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
΋ǵᒧ᏷ᚒ
)!!*2/ऩ)y . 3*)y , 6* >y3,4y.21Ǵ߾ΠӈՖ‫ޣ‬όࢂ!y3,4y.21
‫ޑ‬ӢԄǻ)B*!y . 3 )C*!y , 6 )D*!y . 21 )E*!3 . yǶ
) !*3/ΠӈՖ‫ޣ‬όࢂ)y ,7*)y . 6* . )y . 6*‫ޑ‬ӢԄǻ
)B* y3 . 36 )C* y , 7 )D* y . 6 )E* y , 6Ƕ
) !*4/ΠӈՖ‫ޣ‬όࢂ)y .3*‫ޑ‬७Ԅǻ
)B* y)y , 8* . 3)y , 8* )C*!)y . 4*)y , 5* , y)y . 4*
)D*!)y . 4*3 . )4 . y* )E*!)y . 9*)y , 5* , )y, 5*3Ƕ
)!!*5/ӢԄϩှ)y , 8*)3y . 6* . )3y . 6* > )3y . 6* ⋅ ɍǴ
߾ɍ
)B* y , 8 )C* y . 6 )D* y ,7 )E* y , 6Ƕ
)!!*6/ӢԄϩှ)y3.4y*,)y.4*Ǵள‫ࣁ่݀ځ‬Πӈٗ΋ᒧ໨ǻ
)B*!)y,2*)4.y* )C*!)y,2*)y.4*
)D*!)y.2*)y,4* )E*!)y.2*)y.4*Ƕ
)! *7/ς‫ ޕ‬4y3.y.21ɨ)!4y,6!*!)!y.3!*ǴፎୢΠӈব΋ঁ௶ॊࢂ҅
ዴǻ
)B*!4y3ɡyɡ21 ࣁ yɡ3 ‫ޑ‬७Ԅ!!)C*!yɡ3 ࣁ 4y3ɡyɡ21 ‫ޑ‬७Ԅ
)D*!4yɠ6 ࣁ 4y3ɡyɡ21 ‫ޑ‬७Ԅ!)E*!4y3ɡyɡ21 ࣁ 4yɠ6 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄ
Βǵ༤кᚒ
2/ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*!4y3,y>
)3*!y)y,4*,)y,4*)y,6*>
)4*!)y,3*)y,4*,)y,3*)y.5*>
)5*!)4y,5*)6y,3*.)4y,5*)5y.4*>
)6*!)y,7*)y.7*.)y.7*>
)7*!)3y,4*3.9)3y,4*>
)8*!3y3,cy.7y.4c>

3-198
)9*!by.cy,cz.bz>
):*!4yz.6y,:z.26>
)21*!4)y,5*)y.6*.)y.6*>
)22*)3y,4*3.5y.7>
)23*)y3.6y*,)!6.!y*>
3/ऩ BǵCǵD Οঁӭ໨Ԅǹς‫ ޕ‬BɨȐ3yɠ4ȑ
Ȑy.5ȑ
ǴCɨȐ3y,4ȑ
Ȑy.3ȑ
Ǵ
DɨȐyɠcȑǴऩ D ࢂ B ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴՠόࢂ C ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴ߾
cɨ

Οǵीᆉᚒ
2/ղձ y.2 ࢂόࢂ y3.8y,7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǶ٠Ъஒ y3.8y,7 ӢԄϩှǶ

3/ς‫ ޕ‬4y.3 ࢂ 7y3ɠny.7 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴ߾ nɨǻ

4/ीᆉ 68:Ø89:,537Ø89:.5Ø89: ‫ॶޑ‬ɨǻ

5/ीᆉ).298*Ø454,338Ø298.298Ø).27*‫ॶޑ‬ɨǻ

3-199
 QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
QBSU!4;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
x
2/ӭ໨Ԅ B>Ȑ ɠ2ȑ
Ȑyɡ4ȑ
Ǵӭ໨Ԅ C>Ȑ4ɠyȑ
Ȑ5ɠyȑ
ǴΠӈՖ‫ޣ‬
4

ࢂ B ᆶ C ‫ޑ‬ϦӢԄǻ)2* yɡ4 )3* yɠ4 )4* 5yɠ2 )5* yɠ5Ƕ

Bot;!)5*

1 1 1
3/ς‫ ޕ‬y3ɡ3yɡ7ɨ Ȑyɠ3ȑȐyɡ7ȑ
Ǵ߾Πӈব٤ࢂ y3ɡ3yɡ7
2 2 2

1 1 1
‫ޑ‬ӢԄǻ )B* yɠ2 )C* y,5!! )D* yɠ3 )E* y3ɡ3yɡ7
2 2 2

1
)́* yɡ4!! )̂* y3ɡ5yɡ23Ƕ
2

Bot;!)B*ǵ)F*ǵ)G*

4/ӢԄϩှȐb.cȑ
Ȑb,c.dȑɠȐb,cȑȐ.b.c,dȑɨ
BotǺ.3c)b,c.d*

5/೛ y4ɠly3ɡ6y.7 ࢂ yɠ2 ‫ޑ‬७ԄǴ߾ lɨ

BotǺ3

6/ፎӢԄϩှΠӈӚᚒǺ
)˞* 4byɠ9czɡ7cyɡ5bz
BotǺ)b.3c*)4y.5z*

)˟* 3byɡ9yɠ4czɠ3ycɠ4bzɡ23z
BotǺ)3y,4z*)b,c.5*

7/ӢԄϩှ)y ,z *)b . c ,d * , )y . z*) c . b . d*

BotΚ3z)b.c.d*

3-200
)!!*8/‫ ؃‬647!Ø1/63ɡ475!Ø1/59ɠ475!Ø1/63ɡ647!Ø1/59 ϐॶࣁ
Ֆǻ
)B*!1!!!)C*!31 )D*!47!!!)E*!51
BotǺ)D*
9/)2* ӢԄϩှ ab + a + b + 1
!!)3*!ӢԄϩှ ab − a − b + 1
!!)4*!ӢԄϩှ a 2 b 2 + a 2 + b 2 + 1
!!)5*!ӢԄϩှ a 2 b 2 − a 2 − b 2 + 1
ှǺ
!!!!)2* ab + a + b + 1
= (ab + a ) + (b + 1)

= a (b + 1) + (b + 1)

= (a + 1)(b + 1)

!!!!)3* ab − a − b + 1
= (ab − a ) − (b − 1)

= a (b − 1) − (b − 1)

= (a − 1)(b − 1)

LfzǺѝԖ΋ঁॄဦ‫܈‬Οঁॄဦਔค‫ݤ‬ϩှ
!!!!)4* a 2 b 2 + a 2 + b 2 + 1
= (a 2 b 2 + a 2 ) + (b 2 + 1)

= a 2 (b 2 + 1) + (b 2 + 1)
= (b 2 + 1)(a 2 + 1)

!!!!)5* a 2 b 2 − a 2 − b 2 + 1
= (a 2 b 2 − a 2 ) − (b 2 − 1)

= a 2 (b 2 − 1) − (b 2 − 1)
ᗋёӆϩှ
= (b 2 − 1)(a 2 − 1)
= (b + 1)(b − 1)(a + 1)(a − 1)

BotǺ)2* (a + 1)(b + 1) !)3*! (a − 1)(b − 1) !)4*! (b 2 + 1)(a 2 + 1)

)5* (b + 1)(b − 1)(a + 1)(a − 1)

3-201
:/ஒં‫׎‬ϩԋ 7 ༧λં‫׎‬Ǵ‫؂‬༧λં‫ޑ׎‬
य़ᑈӵკҢǴЪᜐߏ֡ࣁ᏾߯ኧǶ
‫)؃‬2*চં‫>ߏڬ׎‬
!!!!)3*‫)܍‬2*Ǵऩ x = 6 Ǵ‫>ߏڬ؃‬
ှǺ
аගϦӢԄ‫ݤ‬Ǵஒᜐߏӄ኱р
‫ = ߏڬ‬2 ⋅ (4 x + 2 + 2 x + 3)
= 12 x + 10

x = 6 жΕ 12 x + 10
= 12 ⋅ 6 + 10

= 82

BotǺ)2*12 x + 10 !)3*93

21/ஒѓᜐં‫׎‬य़ᑈϩှԋߏᆶቨ֡ࣁ᏾߯ኧǴ߾
y3 yz
চં‫׎‬य़ᑈ>ߏ ⋅ ቨ> ⋅

‫!>ߏڬځ‬ y3 yz

yz z3

ှǺ
( x + y ) ⋅ (2 x + y ) y z
‫ = ߏڬ‬2 ⋅ ( x + y + 2 x + y )
y y3 yz
= 6x + 4 y
y y3 yz

z yz z3
!BotǺ)2* ( x + y ) ⋅ (2 x + y )
!!!!!!)3* 6 x + 4 y

3-202
22/ӢԄϩှ ( x − 1)( x + 3) 2 − ( x − 1) 2 ( x + 3)
ှǺ ( x − 1)( x + 3) 2 − ( x − 1) 2 ( x + 3)
= ( x − 1)( x + 3)[( x + 3) − ( x − 1)]

= ( x − 1)( x + 3)[ x + 3 − x + 1]

= 4( x − 1)( x + 3)

BotǺ 4( x − 1)( x + 3)

23/ӢԄϩှ x 4 − x 3 + 3 x 2 − 2 x + 2
ှǺ x 4 − x 3 + 3 x 2 − 2 x + 2
= x 4 − x3 + x 2 + 2x 2 − 2x + 2
= ( x 4 − x 3 + x 2 ) + (2 x 2 − 2 x + 2)

= x 2 ( x 2 − x + 1) + 2( x 2 − x + 1)

= ( x 2 − x + 1)( x 2 + 2)

BotǺ ( x 2 − x + 1)( x 2 + 2)

24/೛ A = 401x 4 − 2007 x 3 Ǵ྽ x = 5 ਔǴ A ϐॶ>

ှǺ A = 401x 4 − 2007 x 3
= x 3 (401x − 2007)

= x 3 (401 ⋅ 5 − 2007)
= 5 3 (2005 − 2007)
= 125 ⋅ (−2)

= −250

BotǺ.361

25/ऩ x, y ֡ࣁ᏾ኧǴЪ x 2 + y 2 + 4 y + 4 = 0
‫ ؃‬2007 x − 5 y >
ှǺ x 2 + y 2 + 4 y + 4 = 0
x 2 + ( y + 2) 2 = 0

∴x = 0 Ъy+2=0

3-203
 ∴ x = 0, y = −2

ࡺ 2007 x − 5 y = 2007 ⋅ 0 − 5 ⋅ (−2)

= 10

BotǺ21

3-204
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤
1 1
2/ x + = 5, xy + = 28
y xy

1
‫ ؃‬y+ =
x

1 1 1
ှǺճҔ ( x + )( y + ) = xy + +2
y x xy

1
жΕ 5( y + ) = 28 + 2
x

1
∴y+ =6
x

BotǺ7

3/ऩ 2 x − 3 ࢂ 4 x 3 + ax + 6 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴ‫ ؃‬a =

ှǺ

‫ݙ‬ཀǺલΒԛ໨ाံ 1

∴ a + 9 = −4

a = −13

BotǺ.24

3-205
4/‫܍‬΢ᚒǺӢԄϩှ 4 x 3 + ax + 6
ှǺ
4 x 3 + ax + 6
!!!> 4 x 3 − 13x + 6
= (2 x − 3)(2 x 2 + 3 x − 2) ᗋёӆϩှ
= (2 x − 3)( x + 2)(2 x − 1)

BotǺ (2 x − 3)( x + 2)(2 x − 1)

5/ኧᏢԴৣ੿቉্
ࢌ࿯ኧᏢፐǴԴৣ๏Α‫؂‬Տ 9
Ʉ 6 25 24 27 23
ӕᏢ΋஭ 6 ⋅ 6 ‫ޑ‬ኧӷ߄Ǵೕ‫؂ۓ‬ 26 23 32 31
31
Ʉ 34 2:
ՏӕᏢவ‫؂‬ՉǴ‫؂‬ӈӚ‫פ‬΋ঁኧ : 7
Ʉ 26 25 28 24
ӷǴՠ‫؂‬Չ‫؂‬ӈόёख़ᙟ‫ঁٿڗ‬ 34 31 3: 39 42
42
Ʉ 38
ኧӷа΢)ӵ߄΋ࣁ‫*ٯ‬ǶࡑӕᏢ 6 3 22
22
Ʉ 21 24 38
‫ࡕֹڗ‬ǴፎӕᏢஒԾ‫ ޑڗ‬7 ኧ࣬ 31 28 37 36 39 35
35
Ʉ
уǴ٠֋ນԴৣᕴ‫ࢂک‬ӭϿǻ྽ )߄΋*
ӄ੤౦αӕᖂӣเǺȨ211ȩਔǴ
ԴৣΨӧӕ΋ਔ໔‫ע‬เਢቪӧ໵݈΢ΑǹȨԴৣգ࡛ሶ‫ޕ‬ၰǻȩ‫ځ‬ჴ
চ౛ࡐᙁൂ‫ޑ‬Ǽ
\ϩ‫^݋‬Ǻ

3-206
 Դৣӧന΢΋ӈቪр 4Ǵ1Ǵ:Ǵ9Ǵ22Ǵ
8 ςԖϿኧӕᏢว౜‫ځ‬ೕࡓǶࡑԴৣӧനѰ 4 1 : 9 22 8

΋Չቪ΢ 6Ǵ23Ǵ7Ǵ31Ǵ3Ǵ28 ࡕǴεӭኧ 6 9 6 25 24 27 23

ӕᏢςว౜‫ځ‬ύচ౛Ƕӆୢࣁϙሶεৎуଆ 23 26 23 32 31 34 2:

ٰ೿ࢂȨ211ȩ‫ګ‬ǻಖ‫ܭ‬ԖӕᏢᇥǺ
ȨӢࣁ‫؂‬ 7 : 7 26 25 28 24

Չǵ‫؂‬ӈ֡‫ڗ‬΋ኧǴࡺ 4Ǵ1Ǵ:Ǵ9Ǵ22Ǵ8 31 34 31 3: 39 42 38
ᆶ 6Ǵ23Ǵ7Ǵ31Ǵ3Ǵ28 ӕኬ೿ѝ‫ڗ‬΋ԛǴ 3 6 3 22 21 24 38
ό཮ख़ፄ‫ڗ‬Ǵՠ೭ 23 ঁኧᕴ‫ۓڰک‬฻‫ܭ‬ 28 31 28 37 36 39 35
211Ǵ‫܌‬аคፕգ࡛ሶ‫ڗ‬Ǵᕴ‫ک‬ᗋࢂ 211Ƕȩ
౜ӧգΨёаԾՉ೛ी΋஭ 6 ⋅ 6 )‫ ܈‬m ⋅ n *ϐȨᕴ‫ۓک‬ኧ߄ȩ
Ǵε
চ߾ࢂஒന΢΋ӈǴനѰ΋ՉӃ،‫ۓ‬Ǵᕴ‫ک‬ӭϿᒿգ‫ۓ‬Ǵӆஒ߄ύӚ
ኧ༤ΕǴനࡕஒന΢΋ӈǴനѰ΋Չ‫ޑ‬ኧᔔ௞ߡֹԋΑǼ
QTǺգࢂցёԾՉ೛ीȨ४ᑈ‫ۓ‬ኧ߄ȩ
Ǵ၂၂࣮Ƕ

3-207
ှเጇǺ
QBSU!2!ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
ግಞ 2.2 ࢂ ግಞ 2.3 όࢂ
ግಞ 3 ࢂǴ3y3,6y,4ɨ)3y,4*)y,2*
ግಞ 4.2c)6y,8z*! ግಞ 4.3 )y,3*)3y.2*
ግಞ 5!c)z,2*)z3.3*
ግಞ 6)c,d,e*)b.y*
ግಞ 7)y,c*)4.b*
ግಞ 8)b.c*)y.z*)n.2*
ግಞ 9)b.3y*)3,by*

QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
΋ǵᒧ᏷ᚒ
2/)D*!3/)C*!4/)C*!5/)D*!6/)C*!7/)B*
Βǵ༤кᚒ
2/)2*!y)4y,2*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)3*!)y,4*)3y,6*
!!)4*!)y,3*)3y.2*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)5*!)4y,5*)y,6*
!!)6*!)y.7*)y,6*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)7*!)3y,4*)3y.6*
!!)8*!)3y,c*)y.4*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)9*!)b.c*)y.z*
!!):*!)4z.6*)y,4*!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)21*!)y.6*)4y,22*
!!)22*!)3y,4*)3y,2*!!!!!!!!!!!!!)23*!)y.6*)y.2*
3/ .5
Οǵीᆉᚒ
2/ ࢂǴy3.8y,7ɨ)y.2*)y.7*
3/!6
4/!89:89:
5/ .29811

3-208
 6.3 ४‫ݤ‬ϦԄှӢԄϩှ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
௖઩΋Ǻ
௖઩΋ǺճҔѳБৡӢԄϩှ
ѳБৡ‫ޑ‬४‫ݤ‬ϦԄ)b,c*)b.c*ɨb3.c3Ǵஒ೭ঁ฻ԄѰѓ໩‫ׇ‬ჹፓ
ၸٰёள b3.c3ɨ)b,c*)b.c*ǹ൩ࢂ၀ӭ໨Ԅ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှǶ
‫ٯ‬ӵǺ
)3y,6*)3y.6*ɨ)3y*3ɡ63ɨ5y3.36Ǵ
ஒ฻ԄѰѓ‫ٿ‬ᜐჹፓёள
5y3.36ɨ)3y*3ɡ63ɨ)3y,6*)3y.6*ǹ൩ 5y3.36 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှǶ
ጄ‫ ٯ‬2
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*!y3.27!!!!!)3*:y3.5:
ှǺ)2*y3.27ɨ)y*3ɡ)5*3
ɨ)y,5*)y.5*
)3*:y3.5:ɨ)4y*3ɡ)8*3
ɨ)4y,8*)4y.8*
BotǺ)2* )y,5*)y.5*!!)3* )4y,8*)4y.8*

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 2.2 y3.75!!!
ግಞ 2.3 47y3.36

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*!)3y.4*3.5!!!)3*)y,3*3.)z.4*3
ှǺ
)2* )3y.4*3.5ɨ )3y.4*3.!)3*3
ɨ)3y.4,3*)!3y.4.3*

3-209
 ɨ)3y.2*)3y.6*
)3*!)y,3*3.)z.4*3> [( x + 2) + ( y − 3)][( x + 2) − ( y − 3)]
ɨ)y,z.2*)y.z,6*
Bot;!)2* )3y.2*)3y.6*!)3* )y,z.2*)y.z,6*

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 3.2 )y,z*3.5:!!!!
ግಞ 3.3 )4,y*3.)z.6*3

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*!3y3.29!!!)3* .4y3,86z3
ှǺ)2*ёаӃஒ 3y3.29 ගрϦӢԄ 3
ջ 3y3.29ɨ3)y3.:*
ɨ3)y,4*)y.4*
!!!!)3*ёаӃஒ.4y3,86z3 ගрϦӢԄ 4Ǵ٠Ъගрॄဦ
ջ.4y3,86z3ɨ.4)y3.36z3*
ɨ.4)y,6z*)y.6z*
BotǺ)2* 3)y,4*)y.4*!)3* .4)y,6z*)y.6z*

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 4.2 6y3.31z3
ግಞ 4.3.23y3,4z3

3-210
௖઩ΒǺ
௖઩ΒǺճҔ‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄӢԄϩှ
‫ޑک‬ѳБϦԄ)b,c*3ɨb3,3bc,c3Ǵஒ฻Ԅ‫ޑ‬Ѱѓ໩‫ׇ‬ჹፓၸٰё
ளǴb3,3bc,c3ɨ)b,c*3Ǵ൩ࢂӢԄϩှǶ
‫ٯ‬ӵǺ
)3y,6*3ɨ)3y*3,3⋅)3y*⋅6,63ɨ5y3,31y,36Ǵ
ஒ฻ԄѰѓ‫ٿ‬ᜐჹፓǴёள
5y3,31y,36ɨ)3y*3,3⋅)3y*⋅6,63ɨ)3y,6*3ǹ
൩ࢂ 5y3,31y,36 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှǶ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*y3,3y,2!!!)3*!5y3,5y,2
ှǺ)2*!y3,3y,2ɨ)y*3,3⋅y⋅2,)2*3>)y,2*3
)3*!5y3.5y,2ɨ)3y*3,3⋅)3y*⋅2,)2*3ɨ)3y,2*3
BotǺ)2* )y,2*3!)3* )3y,2*3

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 5.2!y3,9y,27!!!
ግಞ 5.3 :y3,7y,2

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*)y,4*3,21)y,4*,36!!!)3*)b,c*3,23)b3.c3*,47)b.c*3
ှǺ)2*з y,4>BǴ߾চӭ໨Ԅёаቪԋ B3,21B,36ǹ
ԶǴB3,21B,36ɨ)B,6*3
ɨ [( x + 3) + 5]2
ɨ)y,9*3

3-211
 )3*!)b,c*3,23)b3.c3*,47)b.c*3
з)b,c*ɨBǴ)b.c*ɨCǴ)b3.c3*ɨ)b,c*)b.c*>B⋅Cǹ
߾চӭ໨Ԅёаቪԋ B3,23BC,47C3
ԶǴB3,23BC,47C3ɨ)B,7C*3
ɨ\b,c,7)b.c*^3
ɨ)b,c,7b.7c*3
ɨ)8b.6c*3
BotǺ)2* )y,9*3!)3* )8b.6c*3

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 6.2 )3y.4*3,9)3y.4*,27!!!
ግಞ 6.3 )b,c*3,5)b3.c3*,5)b.c*3

௖઩ΟǺ
௖઩ΟǺճҔৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБϦԄӢԄϩှ
ৡ‫ޑ‬ѳБϦԄ)b.c*3ɨb3.3bc,c3Ǵஒ฻Ԅ‫ޑ‬Ѱѓ໩‫ׇ‬ჹፓၸٰё
ளǴb3.3bc,c3ɨ)b.c*3Ǵ൩ࢂӢԄϩှǶ
‫ٯ‬ӵǺ
)4y.6*3ɨ)4y*3.3⋅)4y*⋅6,63ɨ:y3.41y,36Ǵ
ஒ฻ԄѰѓ‫ٿ‬ᜐჹፓǴёள
:y3.41y,36ɨ)4y*3.3⋅)4y*⋅6,63ɨ)4y.6*3ǹ
൩ࢂ :y3.41y,36 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှǶ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*36y3.21y,2!!!)3*!y3.29y,92
ှǺ)2*!36y3.21y,2ɨ)6y*3.3⋅)6y*⋅2,)2*3>)6y.2*3
)3*!y3.29y,92ɨ)y*3.3⋅)y*⋅:,):*3ɨ)y.:*3

3-212
BotǺ)2* )6y.2*3!)3* )y.:*3

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 7.2!y3.9y,27!!!
ግಞ 7.3!:y3.7yz,z3

ጄ‫ ٯ‬8
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*9y3.9y,3!!!!)3*y3)z.3*,z3)3.z*
ှǺ)2*9y3.9y,3>3)5y3.5y,2*
ɨ3)3y.2*3
)3*y3)z.3*,z3)3.z*ɨy3)z.3*.z3)z.3*
ɨ)z.3*)y3.z3*
ɨ)z.3*)y,z*)y.z*
BotǺ)2*!3)3y.2*3!)3* )z.3*)y,z*)y.z*

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 8.2 56y3.71y,31!!!!!
ግಞ 8.3 b3)y.8*,c3)8.y*

ጄ‫ ٯ‬9
ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
)2*b5.c5!!!!)3*y3.9y,27.36z3
ှǺ)2*b5.c5ɨ)b3*3.)c3*3
3-213
 ɨ)b3,c3*)b3.c3*
ɨ)b3,c3*)b,c*)b.c*
)3*!y3.9y,27.36z3>)y.5*3.)6z*3
ɨ)y.5,6z*)y.5.6z*
BotǺ)2*!)b3,c3*)b,c*)b.c*!)3*!)y.5,6z*)y.5.6z*

ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ
ግಞ 9.2b5.27!!
ግಞ 9.3y3.z3,5z.5

3-214
 QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/ղձ
2/ղձΠӈӚԄӢԄϩှ‫੿ޑ‬ଵ
ղձ ੿ଵǴ٠ஒᒱᇤ‫҅ुޣ‬
੿ଵ ஒᒱᇤ‫҅ुޣ‬Ǻ
ஒᒱᇤ‫҅ुޣ‬

)2*!y3,35y,211>)y,21*3

)3*!y3,5y,:>)y,4*3

)4*!y3,7y,:>)y,:*3

)5*!3y3,7y,:>)3y,4*3

)6*!5y3,31y,36>)5y,6*3

)7*!4b3−71b,211>)4b−21*3

)8*!3b3.:>)3b,4*)3b−4*

)9*!36−5c3>)6,5c*)6−5c*

):*!y3−31y,511>)y−31*3

)21*!6y3,31y,5>)6y,3*3

3/ӧΠӈӚᚒύ༤Ε፾྽‫ޑ‬ኧ
༤Ε፾྽‫ޑ‬ኧǴ٬ԄηԋࣁֹӄѳБ‫׎ޑ‬ԄǺ
༤Ε፾྽‫ޑ‬ኧ

)2*/y3,9y, >)!y, *3!!!)3*/!y3,21y, >)!y, *3

)4*!y3,31y, >)!y, *3!!)5*/!y3,23y, >)!y, *3

)6*/y3−7y, >)!y− *3!!!)7*/!y3−41y, >)!y− *3

)8*/y3−29y, >)!y− *3!!)9*/!y3−211y, >)!y− *3

4/!ӢԄϩှΠӈӚԄǺ

Ȑ2ȑy3.21y,36 Ȑ3ȑy3,3y,2 Ȑ4ȑ3y3.27y,43

Ȑ5ȑy3.5yz,5z3 )6*y3.:z3!!!!!!!!!!!)7*5y3.36

3-215
)8*4y3.38!!!!!!!!!!!)9*:y3.23y,5 !!):*6y3.31

)21*5y3−23y,:!!!!!!)22*:b3−41b,36!!!!!!)23*:y3,35yz,27z3

)24*)y,4*3−3)y,4*!⋅ 6,63!!!!!!!!!)25*!)y−4*3−3)y−4*!⋅ 4,43

)26*)y.3*)y−2*4−)y.3*4)y−2* !)27*)y.3z.9*)y.3z*ɠ23

3-216
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
2/ӢԄϩှ 4 x 2 − 4ax + a 2 − b 2
ှǺ
4 x 2 − 4ax + a 2 − b 2
= (4 x 2 − 4ax + a 2 ) − b 2

= (2 x − a ) 2 − (b) 2
= (2 x − a + b)(2 x − a − b)

BotǺ (2 x − a + b)(2 x − a − b)

3/ऩ a, b ֡ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴЪ a 2 − b 2 = 39
‫ ؃‬a ϐॶ>
ှǺ
a 2 − b 2 = 39
(a + b)(a − b) = 39

Q a + b > 0,∴ a − b > 0

⎧a + b = 39 ⎧a + b = 13
∴⎨ ‫⎨ ܈‬
⎩a − b = 1 ⎩a − b = 3

⎧a = 20 ⎧a = 8
ှள ⎨ ⎨
⎩b = 19 ⎩b = 5

BotǺ31Ǵ9

4/ऩ A = 212 − 1 Ǵ‫؃‬ନ A ҁ‫ي‬аѦǴ A ‫ޑ‬നεӢኧࣁՖǻ

ှǺ
212 − 1 = (2 6 ) 2 − (1) 2
= (2 6 + 1)(2 6 − 1)

= 65 ⋅ 63

3-217
 = 5 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 3 2 ⋅ 7
‫܌‬аനεӢኧࣁ 5 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 7 = 1365
\ќှ^Ǻ
212 = 4096

A = 4095 = 3 2 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 7 ⋅ 13
‫܌‬аനεӢኧࣁ 5 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 7 = 1365 )‫ ܈‬4095 ⎟ 3 = 1365 *
BotǺനεӢኧࣁ1365

5/ऩ a, b, c ߄Ң ΔABC ϐᜐߏǴፎӢԄϩှ a 2 − b 2 − c 2 + 2bc Ǵ

٠ղᘐ‫ॄ҅ځ‬ǻ
ှǺ
a 2 − b 2 − c 2 + 2bc
= a 2 − (b 2 − 2bc + c 2 )

= a 2 − (b − c) 2

= (a + b − c)(a − b + c) !)ճҔΟ‫ٿ׎ف‬ᜐ‫ک‬ε‫ܭ‬ಃΟᜐ*

⇒ ҅⋅ ҅

⇒ ҅ኧ

BotǺ҅ኧ

6/ΠӈՖ‫ޣ‬όࢂ 7 8 − 4 8 ‫ޑ‬፦Ӣኧǻ
!!)B*!22!!)C*!24!)D*!8!)E*!4
ှǺ
78 − 48
= (7 4 ) 2 − ( 4 4 ) 2

= (7 4 + 4 4 )(7 4 − 4 4 )

= (2401 + 256)(7 2 + 4 2 )(7 2 − 4 2 )

= 2657 ⋅ (49 + 16) ⋅ (7 + 4) ⋅ (7 − 4)

= 2657 ⋅ 65 ⋅ 11 ⋅ 3 = 2657 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 13 ⋅ 11 ⋅ 3

Ξ!3768 ନа 8 ନόᅰ

3-218
 ‫܌‬а 8 όࢂ 7 8 − 4 8 ‫ޑ‬፦Ӣኧ

BotǺ)D*

7/ӢԄϩှǺ 3( x + 7)( y − 5) − x(− x − 7)(5 − y )

( − x − 7) → −( x + 7)
ှǺ
3( x + 7)( y − 5) − x(− x − 7)(5 − y ) (5 − y ) → −( y − 5)

= 3( x + 7)( y − 5) − x( x + 7)( y − 5) ӚᡂΑ΋ԛ಄ဦǴॄ

= ( x + 7)( y − 5)(3 − x) ॄள҅Ǵ฻‫ܭ‬όᡂ

BotǺ ( x + 7)( y − 5)(3 − x)

3-219
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤
2/ऩ 7 ⋅ 9 ⋅ (8 2 + 1)(8 4 + 1) = 8 a − 1
‫؃‬a>
ှǺ
7 ⋅ 9 ⋅ (8 2 + 1)(8 4 + 1)

= (8 − 1) ⋅ (8 + 1) ⋅ (8 2 + 1)(8 4 + 1)
= (8 2 − 1) ⋅ (8 2 + 1)(8 4 + 1)

= (8 4 − 1)(8 4 + 1)

= (8 4 ) 2 − (1) 2

= 88 − 1
∴a = 8

BotǺ9

3/ӢԄϩှ x 4 + x 2 + 1
ှǺ
x4 + x2 +1
= ( x 4 + 2 x 2 + 1) − x 2

= ( x 2 + 1) 2 − x 2

= ( x 2 + x + 1)( x 2 − x + 1)

BotǺ ( x 2 + x + 1)( x 2 − x + 1)

4/!ӢԄϩှ x 4 + 64
ှǺ
x 4 + 64 = ( x 4 + 16 x 2 + 64) − 16 x 2

= ( x 2 + 8) 2 − (4 x) 2

= ( x 2 + 4 x + 8)( x 2 − 4 x + 8)

BotǺ ( x 2 + 4 x + 8)( x 2 − 4 x + 8)

3-220
5/ऩ1997 ⋅ 1998 ⋅ 1999 ⋅ 2000 + 1 = k 2
‫҅؃‬᏾ኧ k >
ှǺ

BotǺ4::5112

‫ځ‬ჴೱុѤঁ҅᏾ኧ‫ޑ‬४ᑈӆу 2ǴѸࣁ΋ֹӄѳБኧЪ฻‫ܭ‬
(a + 1) 2 + a !) a ࣁѤೱុ҅᏾ኧύ‫ޑ‬നλኧ*

6/ x, y, z ֡ࣁჴኧЪ x + y + z = 4( x − 5 + y − 4 + z − 3)
‫؃‬x = Ǵ y= Ǵz =
ှǺ
x−5−4 x −5 + 4+ y −4−4 y −4 + 4+ z −3−4 z −3 + 4 = 0
[( x − 5 ) 2 − 4 x − 5 + 4] + [( y − 4 ) 2 − 4 y − 4 + 4] + [( z − 3 ) 2 − 4 z − 3 + 4] = 0
( x − 5 − 2) 2 + ( y − 4 − 2) 2 + ( z − 3 − 2) 2 = 0

⎧x − 5 = 4 ⎧x = 9
⎪ ⎪
∴⎨y − 4 = 4 ⇒ ⎨y = 8
⎪z − 3 = 4 ⎪z = 7
⎩ ⎩

BotǺ x = 9, y = 8, z = 7

3-221
7/ς‫ ޕ‬a − b = 5, c − b = 10
‫ ؃‬a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca ϐॶǻ
ှǺ
a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca

1
= (2a 2 + 2b 2 + 2c 2 − 2ab − 2bc − 2ca )
2

1
= [(a 2 − 2ab + b 2 ) + (b 2 − 2bc + c 2 ) + (a 2 − 2ca + c 2 )]
2

1
= [(a − b) 2 + (b − c) 2 + (c − a) 2 ]
2

⎧a − b = 5
Q⎨ ⇒ a − c = −5
⎩c − b = 10

1
= [5 2 + (−10) 2 + 5 2 ]
2

1
= ⋅ 150
2

= 75

BotǺ86

8/!΋ϡΒԛӭ໨Ԅ‫ޑ‬ӢԄϩှᆶ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫؃ޑ‬ှϐόӕೀ
!!)2* x + 1 ࢂցࣁ x 3 − x 2 − 3x − 1 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄ
ှǺ
ճҔӭ໨Ԅନ‫ۺཷݤ‬

3-222
BotǺ x + 1 ࢂ x 3 − x 2 − 3x − 1 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄ

)3*‫)܍‬2*ǴӢԄϩှ x 3 − x 2 − 3x − 1
ှǺ
җ)2*೏ନԄ>ନԄ ⋅ ୘Ԅ
‫ ޕ‬x 3 − x 2 − 3x − 1 = ( x + 1)( x 2 − 2 x − 1)
BotǺ ( x + 1)( x 2 − 2 x − 1)

όѸӆᝩុϩှԋ ( x + 1)( x − 1 + 2 )( x − 1 − 2 )
ѝሡϩှԿȸԖ౛ኧ߯ኧȹߡёǶ‫܌‬аᆀ x 2 − 2 x − 1 ࢂȸ፦Ԅȹ
όૈӆϩှǶ
ՠऩࢂှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 2 x − 1 = 0 Ǵ߾ᗋሡाᝩុ۳Π଺
( x − 1 + 2 )( x − 1 − 2 ) = 0

∴ x = 1± 2
Ӣࣁ୯ύှБำԄѸ໪ӧȸჴኧጄൎϣȹǶ

⎧ p
⎪Ԗ౛ኧΚёቪԋ qΔ̃ , q֡ࣁ᏾ኧ
!!!!!Q/T!!! ჴኧ⎨
⎪ค౛ኧΚ 2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ,............
⎩

3-223
ှเጇǺ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
ግಞ 2.2!)y,9*)y.9*!!!!! ግಞ 2.3!)7y,6*)7y.6*
ግಞ 3.2)y,z,8*)y,z.8*!!! ግಞ 3.3)y,z.3*)y.z,9*
ግಞ 4.26)y,3z*)y.3z*!!!!ግಞ 4.3.4)3y,z*3y.z*
ግಞ 5.2)y,5*3 ግಞ 5.3 )4y,2*3
)3y,2*3
ግಞ 6.2)3 ግಞ 6.3 )4b.c*3
ግಞ 7.2)y.5*3 ግಞ 7.3 )4y.z*3
ግಞ 8.26)4y.3*3 ግಞ 8.3 )y.8*)b,c*)b.c*
ግಞ 9.2)b3,5*)b,3*)b.3*!!ግಞ 9.3 )y,z.3*)y.z,3*

QBSU!3Ǻ
QBSU!3ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/)2* ØǴy3,31y,211>)y,21*3 )3*ØǴ!y3,7y,:>)y,4*3

)4*ØǴ!y3,7y,:>)y,4*3 )5*ØǴ5y3,23y,:>)3y,4*3

)6*ØǴ5y3,31y,36>)3y,6*3 )7*ØǴ:b3−71b,211>)4b−21*3

)8*ØǴ5b3.:>)3b,4*)3b−4* )9*ØǴ36−5c3>)6,3c*)6−3c*

):*ØǴy3−51y,511>)y−31*3 )21*ØǴ36y3,31y,5>)6y,3*3

3/)2*/y3,9y, 27 >)!y, 5 *3 )3*/!y3,21y, 36 >)!y, 6 *3

)4*!y3,31y, 211 >)!y, 21 *3 )5*/!y3,23y, 47 >)!y, 7 *3

)6*/y3−7y, : >)!y− 4 *3!!!)7*/!y3−41y, 336 >)!y− 26 *3

)8*/y3−29y, 92 >)!y− : *3 )9*/!y3−211y, 3611 >)!y− 61*3

4/)2*)y.6*3 Ȑ3ȑ)y,2*3 Ȑ4ȑ3)y.5*3

Ȑ5ȑ)y.3z*3!!!!!!!)6*)y,4z*)y.4z*!!!!)7*)3y,6*)3y.6*

)8*4)y,4*)y.4*!!!)9*)4y.3*3 !!):*6)y,3*)y.3*
)21*)3y.4*3 !!!!)22*)4b.6*3 !!!!!)23*)4y,5z*3!!!

3-224
)24*)y.3*3!!!!!!!!)25*!)y−7*3 !!!)26*!)y.3*)y.2*)3y.4*!!!!!
)27*)y.3z.7*)y.3z.3*

3-225
 5-3 ΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬

QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื

௖઩΋Ǻ
઩΋Ǻ‫ޔ‬Ԅ४‫ݤ‬ᆶΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬Ȑ
‫ޔ‬Ԅ४‫ݤ‬ᆶΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ȐΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 2ȑ

‫ॺך‬Ꮲၸӭ໨Ԅ‫ޔޑ‬Ԅ४‫ݤ‬Ǵ‫ٯ‬ӵǴ(x+3)(x+4)‫ޔޑ‬ԄᆉԄӵΠǺ
x + 3

× x + 4

4x + 12
x2 + 3x

x2 +7x +12
४ᑈࣁ x2+7x+13Ǵ‫ځ‬ύ 12=(+3)⋅(+4*Ǵ7x=3⋅xɠ4⋅xɨ(3+4)xǴx2=x⋅xǹ

ӕኬ‫ޑ‬Ǵ(x+p)(x+q)‫ޔޑ‬ԄᆉԄӵΠǺ
x + p

× x + q

qx + pq
x2 + px

೭ঁᆉԄΨёа૶ࣁǺx2 + (p+q)x + pq
x +p
2
x + pq
x +q

px + qx = (p+q)x
‫׳܈‬຾΃‫؁‬ᙁ૶ࣁǺ
1 +p
1 + pq
1 +q

p + q = (p+q)

‫ځ‬ύ 1 ࣁΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧǴ(p+q)ࣁ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧǴpq ࣁதኧ໨Ƕ

3-226
ᢀჸ x2+7x+13 ᆶ x2+(p+q)x+pq ‫ঁٿ‬ԄηǴว౜ p+q=7Ǵpq=12ǹԶ‫ٿ‬

ኧ࣬४‫ޑ‬४ᑈࣁ 12Ǵ࣬у฻‫ ܭ‬7ǴѝԖ 4Ǵ4 ωԋҥǶ

ӢԜǴx2+7x+13ɨ(x+3)(x+4*ǹҭջ x2+(p+q)x+prɨ(x+p)(x+q*Ƕ

‫ॺך‬ஒ೭ᅿӢԄϩှ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ᆀࣁȨΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬
ΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ȩ
ΜӷҬ४‫ ݤ‬Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2

ӢԄϩှ x2+8x+16Ƕ

ϩ‫݋‬Ǻ

ӢࣁΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 2Ǵதኧ໨ࣁ 26Ǵ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 9ǹӵ݀

ёаϩှࣁ)y,q*)y,r*ਔǴٗሶ qr>26Ǵq,r>9ǹӢԜ

1 -1
1 +1
1 + 15
1 + 15
1 -15
1 +15

-1 + -15 =- 16(όӝ)
1 + 15 = 16(όӝ)
1 +3 1 -3
1 + 15 1 + 15
1 +5 1 -5

3 + 5 = 8(ӝ) -3 + -5 =-8(όӝ)
1 +3
1 + 15
1 +5

3 + 5 =8

AnsǺx2+8x+15ɨ(x+3)(x+5)

3-227
ግಞ 1

ӢԄϩှ x2+9x+14Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3

ӢԄϩှ x2-x-7Ƕ

ϩ‫݋‬Ǻ

ӢࣁΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 2Ǵதኧ໨ࣁ.7Ǵ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ.2ǹӵ݀

ёаϩှࣁ)y,q*)y,r*ਔǴٗሶ qr>.7Ǵq,r>.2ǹӢԜ
1 +1 1 -1
1 -6 1 -6
1 -6 1 +6

1 + -6 = -5(όӝ) -1 + 6 = 5(όӝ)
1 +2 1 -2
1 -6 1 -6
1 -3 1 +3

ှǺ 2 + -3 = -1(ӝ) -2 + 3 = 1(όӝ)
1 +2
1 -6
1 -3

2 + -3 = -1
2
AnsǺx -x-7ɨ(x+2)(x-3)

ግಞ 2

ӢԄϩှ x2-3x-40Ƕ

3-228
ጄ‫ ٯ‬4

ӢԄϩှ x2+11x+19Ƕ

ϩ‫݋‬Ǻ

Βԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 2Ǵதኧ໨ࣁ 29Ǵ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 22ǹӵ݀ё

аϩှࣁ)y,q*)y,r*ਔǴٗሶ qr>29Ǵq,r>22ǹӢࣁ‫ٿ‬ኧ࣬४ࣁ҅Ǵ

Ъ࣬у‫کޑ‬Ξࣁ҅ǴѝԖ೿ࢂ҅ኧਔω཮ԋҥǴӢԜѝԵቾ‫ٿ‬ኧ೿ࣁ

҅ኧ‫ޑ‬௃‫ݩ‬Ǻ
1 +1 1 +2
1 +18 1 +18
1 +18 1 +9

1 + 18 = 19(όӝ) 2 + 9 = 11(ӝ)
1 +3
1 +18
1 +6

3 + 6 = 9(όӝ)
1 +2
1 +18
1 +9

2 + 9 = 11

AnsǺx2+11x+18ɨ(x+2)(x+9)

ግಞ 3

ӢԄϩှ x2-13x+40Ƕ

3-229
௖઩ΒǺ
઩ΒǺ‫ޔ‬Ԅ४‫ݤ‬ᆶΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬
‫ޔ‬Ԅ४‫ݤ‬ᆶΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ȐȐΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧόࣁ 2ȑ

ӭ໨Ԅ(2x+3)(4x-5)‫ޔޑ‬Ԅ४‫ݤ‬ӵΠ‫܌‬ҢǺ

2x + 3

× 4x -5
-10x -15
8x2 + 12x
8x2 + 2x - 15
Ψёаᙁ૶ࣁǺ
2 +3
8 -15
4 -5

12 + (-10) = 2
‫ځ‬ύǴ8 ࢂΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧǴ-15 ࢂதኧ໨Ǵ2 ࢂ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧǶ

ᢀჸ 8x2+2x-15Ǵ‫ځ‬ύ 8=2⋅4Ǵ-15=3⋅(-5)Ǵ2=2⋅(-5)+4⋅3ǹӢԜǴ

8x2+2x-15ɨ(2x+3)(4x-5)Ƕ

ӕኬ‫ޑ‬Ǵ(ax+p)(bx+q)‫ޔޑ‬ԄᆉԄӵΠǺ
ax + p

× bx + q
aqx + pq
abx2 +bpx

abx2 + (bp+aq)x + pq

೭ঁᆉԄΨёа૶ࣁǺ
ax +p
2
abx + pq
bx +q

bpx + aqx = (bp+aq)x

‫׳܈‬຾΃‫؁‬ᙁ૶ࣁǺ
3-230
 a +p
ab + pq
b +q

bp + aq = (bp+aq)
ᢀჸ 8x2+2x-15 ᆶ abx2+(aq+bp)x+pq ‫ঁٿ‬ԄηǴว౜ ab=8Ǵ

pq=-15Ǵaq+bp=2ǶӢԜǴ8x2+2x-15ɨ(2x+3)(4x-5)ǹаϷ

abx2+(aq+bp)x+pq=(ax+p)(bx+q)Ƕ‫ॺך‬ஒ೭ᅿӢԄϩှ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ᆀࣁȨΜ
Μ

ӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ȩ
ӷҬ४‫ ݤ‬Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5

ӢԄϩှ 3x2+11x+7Ƕ

ϩ‫݋‬Ǻ

ӢࣁΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 4Ǵதኧ໨ࣁ 7Ǵ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 22ǹӵ݀

ёаϩှࣁ)by,q*)cy,r*ਔǴٗሶ bc>4Ǵqr>7Ǵcq,br>22ǹӢԜ
1 +1 1 -1
3 +6 3 +6
3 +6 3 -6

3 + 6 = 9(όӝ) -3 + -6 =- 9(όӝ)
1 +6 1 -6
3 +6 3 +6
3 +1 3 -1

18 + 1 = 19(όӝ) -18 + -1 =-19(όӝ)

1 +2 1 -2
3 +6 3 +6
3 +3 3 -3

6 + 3 = 9(όӝ) 3-231 -6 + -3 = -9(όӝ)

 1 +3
1 -3
3 +6
3 +6
3 +2
3 -2

9 + 2 = 11(ӝ)
-9 + -2 = -11(όӝ)
ှǺ 1 +3
3 +6
3 +2

9 + 2 = 11
AnsǺ3x2+11x+6ɨ(x+3)(3x+2)

ግಞ 4

ӢԄϩှ 6x2+13x+5Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6

ӢԄϩှ 3x2.2xɡ5Ƕ

ϩ‫݋‬Ǻ

ӢࣁΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 4Ǵதኧ໨ࣁ.6Ǵ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ.3ǹӵ݀

ёаϩှࣁ)by,q*)cy,r*ਔǴٗሶ bc>4Ǵqr>.6Ǵcq,br>.3ǹӢԜ
1 -1
1 +1
3 -5
3 -5
3 +5
3 -5

-3 + 5 =2(όӝ)
3 + -5 = -2(ӝ)
1 -5 1 +5
3 -5 3 -5
3 +1 3 -1

-15 + 1 = -14(όӝ) 15 + -1 =14(όӝ)

3-232
ှǺ
1 +1
3 -5
3 -5

3 + -5 = -2

Ans:3x2-2xɡ5ɨ(x+1)(3x-5)

ግಞ 5

ӢԄϩှ 6x2-x-15Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7

ӢԄϩှ-3x2+7xɡ2Ƕ

ϩ‫݋‬Ǻ

ӢࣁΒԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ-4Ǵதኧ໨ࣁ.3Ǵ΋ԛ໨‫߯ޑ‬ኧࣁ 8ǹӵ݀

ёаϩှࣁ)by,q*)cy,r*ਔǴٗሶ bc>.4Ǵqr>.3Ǵcq,br>8ǹӢԜ
1 +1 1 -1
-3 -2 -3 -2
-3 -2 -3 +2

-3 + -2 = -5(όӝ) 3 + 2 =5(όӝ)
1 -2 1 +2
-3 -2 -3 -2
-3 +1 -3 -1

6 + 1 = 7(ӝ) -6 + -1 =-7(όӝ)
ှǺ
1 -2
-3 -2
-3 +1

6 + 1 =7 3-233
AnsǺ-3x2+7xɡ2ɨ(x-2)(-3x+1)

ግಞ 6

ӢԄϩှ 4x2-3x-10Ƕ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬8

ӢԄϩှ(x-1)2-4(x-1)-21Ƕ

ှǺ೛ x-1=AǴ߾Ԝӭ໨ࢂёቪࣁ A2-4A-22Ƕ

Զ A2-4A-22 ёҔΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ϩှ
1 -7
1 -21
1 +3

-7 + 3 = -4
2
A -4A-22ɨ(A-7)(A+3)

ӢԜǴ(x-1)2-4(x-1)-22ɨ(x-1-7)(x-1+3)

ɨ(x-8)(x+2)

AnsǺ(x-8)(x+2)

ግಞ 7

ӢԄϩှ(2x-3)2-2(2x-3)-24Ƕ

3-234
ጄ‫ ٯ‬9
5 8
ӢԄϩှ x 2 − 2 xy − y 2
3 3
5 8 5 6 8
ှǺ x 2 − 2 xy − y 2 ɨ x 2 − xy − y 2 5x +4y
3 3 3 3 3
2
1 5x -8y2
ɨ (5 x 2 − 6 xy − 8 y 2 )
3 x -2y
1
ɨ (5 x + 4 y )( x − 2 y ) 4xy + -10xy = -6xy
3
1
AnsǺ (5 x + 4 y )( x − 2 y )
3

ግಞ 8
4 10 2
ӢԄϩှ x 2 − xy − y
3 3

3-235
 PART 2ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

1.ҔΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ӢԄϩှΠӈӚᚒǺ

Ȑ1ȑx2+10x+25= Ȑ2ȑx2+5x+6= Ȑ3ȑx2ɡ7x+6=

Ȑ4ȑx2+5xɡ14= Ȑ5ȑx2+xɡ20= Ȑ6ȑx2ɡxɡ6=

Ȑ7ȑx2ɡ3xɡ10= Ȑ8ȑx2ɡ5xɡ14= Ȑ9ȑx2ɡ4xɡ32=

(10)10x2+13x-3= Ȑ11ȑ6x2+17x+10= Ȑ12ȑ5x2-36x+7=

) *2.ӵѓკǴԖҘǵΌǵЧǵ΍Ѥᅿό࣬՟‫׎ંޑ‬Ǵ

ς‫ޕ‬ᜐߏ֡ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴ‫ځ‬ύԖ 3 ঁҘǴ2 ঁΌǴ3

ঁЧǴ2 ঁ΍ǶϞஒ೭ 7 ঁკ‫׎‬Ǵ࡫ԋ΋ঁε‫ંޑ‬

‫׎‬Ǵ߾‫ٿځ‬ᎃᜐ‫ޑ‬ᜐߏϩձࣁӭϿǻ

(A) 2xЀ1ΔxЀb (B) 2xЀbΔxЀ1

(C) xЀ2bΔ2xЀ1 (D) xЀ1Δ2xЀ2b

( )3.Πӈব΋ঁӭ໨Ԅࢂ 6x 2 – 7x – 3 ᆶ 4x2 – 12x + 9 ‫ޑ‬ϦӢԄǻ

3-236
 (A) 2x2 + 5x – 12 (B) ( 2x – 3 )2 (C) 2x – 3 (D) 3x + 1
( )4.ऩ 481x2ɠ2xɡ3 ёӢԄϩှԋ ( 13xɠa ) ( bxɠc )Ǵ‫ځ‬ύ aǵbǵ

c ֡ࣁ᏾ኧǴ߾Πӈ௶ॊՖ‫҅ޣ‬ዴǻ

(A) aɨ1 (B) bɨ468 (C) cɨɡ3 (D) aɠbɠc= 39

5. ೛ x2ɠmxɡ42ɨȐxɠaȑ Ǵ‫ځ‬ύ mǵaǵb ࣁ᏾ኧǴЪ aɪbǴ

Ȑxɠbȑ

߾Ǻ

)˞*ऩ bɨɡ6 ਔǴ߾ mɨ

)˟*ऩ mɨˇ19 ਔǴ߾ aɨ

3-237
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

2/ऩ x ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴ٬ள 12 x 2 − 77 x − 20 ࣁ፦ኧ

‫ ؃‬x ‫܌‬Ԗёૈॶ> ǴԜ፦ኧࣁ

ှǺ

ӢԄϩှ12 x 2 − 77 x − 20
= (3 x − 20)(4 x + 1)
Q 4 x + 1 > 0,∴ 3 x − 20 > 0

‫܌‬аёૈ 3x − 20 = 1 ‫ ܈‬4 x + 1 = 1 )Q ፦ኧѝૈϩှԋ1 ⋅ ҁ‫ঁٿي‬

Ӣኧ*

ள x=7 ‫܈‬ x = 0 !)όӝ*

жΕ (3 x − 20)(4 x + 1)
= 1⋅ 29
= 29

BotǺ8Ǵ3:

3-238
3/Πӈব΋ӭ໨Ԅࢂ 3x 2 − 23x + 14 ᆶ 6 x 2 + 38 x − 28 ‫ޑ‬ϦӢԄǻ
!!)B*! x − 7 !!)C*! x + 7 !!)D*! 3x + 2 !!)E* 3x − 2
ှǺ
3 x 2 − 23 x + 14
= ( x − 7)(3 x − 2)

Ξ 6 x 2 + 38 x − 28
= 2 ⋅ (3x 2 + 19 x − 14)
= 2( x + 7)(3 x − 2)

BotǺ)E*

4/ς‫ ޕ‬x 2 + ax − 6 ёϩှࣁ‫ঁٿ‬᏾߯ኧ‫ޑ‬΋ԛӢԄ‫ޑ‬४ᑈǴ

‫ ؃‬a ‫܌‬Ԗёૈॶǻ
ှǺ
− 6 = 1 ⋅ ( − 6)

= (−1) ⋅ 6

= 2 ⋅ (−3)

= ( − 2) ⋅ 3

BotǺ a = ±1, ± 5

239
5/ऩ x 2 − x − n ёϩှԋ‫ঁٿ‬᏾߯ኧ‫ޑ‬΋ԛԄ‫ޑ‬४ᑈǴЪ 0 < n < 120
‫ ؃‬n ‫܌ޑ‬Ԗёૈॶ>ǻ
ှǺ
n Ѹёϩှԋ‫ঁٿ‬ೱុ᏾ኧ‫ޑ‬४ᑈ
n = 1 ⋅ 2, 2 ⋅ 3, 3 ⋅ 4, 4 ⋅ 5, 5 ⋅ 6, 6 ⋅ 7,

7 ⋅ 8, 8 ⋅ 9, 9 ⋅ 10, 10 ⋅ 11,

∴ n = 3-!7-!23-!31-!41-!53-!67-!83-!:1-!221
BotǺ3-!7-!23-!31-!41-!53-!67-!83-!:1-!221

240
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤
2/ᚈΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬
!!)2*ӢԄϩှ x 2 + xy − 2 y 2 + x + 8 y − 6
ှǺ
Ӄϩှ x 2 + xy − 2 y 2
= ( x − y )( x + 2 y )

ӆᆶ).7*ଛр x + 8 y

Bot; ( x − y + 3)( x + 2 y − 2)

ԜᚒӅҔΑ‫ٿ‬ԛΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ǴࡺᆀࣁȸᚈΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ȹ
౜ፎှ)3*ᆶ)4*

241
)3* x 2 − 2 xy − 3 y 2 + 3x − 5 y + k ёϩှԋ‫ঁٿ‬΋ԛӢԄǴ‫ ؃‬k >

ှǺз k = a ⋅ b

⎧a + b = 3.................(1)
∴⎨
⎩− 3a + b = −5..........(2)

!!!!)2*.)3*! 4a = 8
a = 2 жӣ)2*ள b = 1

ࡺk = a⋅ b = 2
BotǺ3

242
 )4*ऩ x − y − 3 ࢂ x 2 + axy + by 2 − 5 x − 10 y + 6 ‫ޑ‬ӢԄǴ
‫ ؃‬a, b ϐॶ>

ှǺ

∴ 2 + 3b = −10

b = −4

ள ( x − y )( x + 4 y )

= x 2 + 3xy − 4 y 2

∴a = 3

BotǺ a = 3, b = −4

243
ှเጇǺ
QBSU!2Ǻ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
ግಞ 2)y,3*)y,8*
ግಞ 3)y.9*)y,6*
ግಞ 4)y.6*)y.9*
ግಞ 5)4y,6*)3y,2*
ግಞ 6)3y,4*)4y.6*
ግಞ 7)5y,6*)y.3*
ግಞ 8)3y.:*)3y,2*
1
ግಞ 9 (4 x + 5 y )( x − 2 y )
3

PART 2ǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
1.(1) ( x + 5) 2 !!!!!!!)3* ( x + 2)( x + 3) !!!!!!)4* ( x − 1)( x − 6)
(4) ( x + 7)( x − 2) !!!)6* ( x + 5)( x − 4) !!!!!!!)7* ( x − 3)( x + 2)
(7) ( x − 5)( x + 2) !!!)9* ( x − 7)( x + 2) !!!!!!!):* ( x − 8)( x + 4)
(10) (2 x + 3)(5 x − 1) !)22* (6 x + 5)( x + 2) !!!!!)23* (5 x − 1)( x − 7)

2.(B) 3.(C) 4.(D) 5.(1) 1 (2) 2

244
 ЬᚒϤǺ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ

7.2!ΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ

QBSU!2!ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2ǺΠӈব٤ࢂ΋ϡΒԛБำԄǻ

)B*! x 2 − 3x + 1

)C*! x 3 + 1 = x Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬Ǻ

)D*! (2 x + 1)(2 x − 1) = 5 ϯᙁࡕ‫ޑ‬БำԄǴѝ֖Ԗ΋ঁ

)E*! x 2 + 5 x = 0 ҂‫ޕ‬ኧ x ǴЪനଯԛࣁ 3 ԛǴ

)F*! 2 x 2 + x − 1 = 2( x 2 − x) + 7 ߾ԜБำԄࣁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ

)G*! 2 x + 7 = 0
1
)H*! − 4 x = 5
x

BotǺ!)D*!)E*

ግಞ 2Ǻ x 2 = 0 ࢂ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ༏@

3-245
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3ǺӵՖղ‫ࢂۓ‬ցࣁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫ޑ‬ှ@!!!

)2* 1!ࢂցࣁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − 19 x 2 + 13 x = 0 ‫ޑ‬ှǻ

)3* 5 ‫ک‬.4 ࢂցࣁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 4)( x + 3) = 10 ‫ޑ‬ှǻ

ှǺ

)2*! x = 0 жΕ − 19 x 2 + 13x = 0 ⇒ −0 + 0 = 0 ԋҥ

∴ࢂ

)3*! x = 4 ᆶ x = −3 жΕǴѰѓό࣬฻

∴ց

ግಞ 3Ǻ5 ‫ک‬.4 ࢂցࣁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 4)( x + 3) = 0 ‫ޑ‬ှǻ

3-246
ጄ‫ ٯ‬4ǺճҔऩȺ a ⋅ b = 0 Ǵ߾ a = 0 ‫ ܈‬b = 0 Ȼ

ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 2)(3x + 4) = 0

ှǺ x − 2 = 0 ‫ ܈‬3x + 4 = 0

−4
⇒ x = 2 ‫܈‬x =
3
−4
૶ࣁ x = 2 Ǵ
3

ግಞ 4Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (2 x − 5)(5 x − 2) = 0

3-247
 Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬Ǻ

Ȩऩ a ⋅ b = 1 Ǵ߾ a = 1 Ъ b = 1 ȩԜཷ‫ۺ‬ჹ༏ǻ

ёόёૈ (−1) ⋅ (−1) = 1

1
⋅ 3 =1
3
1
(−5) ⋅ (− ) = 1
5

྽ฅёૈǴ‫܌‬аค‫ݤ‬ҔԜཷ‫؃ۺ‬΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫ޑ‬ှǶ

Ψ൩ࢂᇥ฻ဦѓᜐ΋‫ۓ‬ा฻‫ܭ‬ȸ1ȹωёа

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5Ǻ ගрϦӢԄှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ

ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 4 x = 0

ှǺ x 2 + 4 x = 0
x ( x + 4) = 0

∴x = 0 ‫܈‬x+ 4 = 0

∴ x = 0 ‫ ܈‬x = −4

ግಞ 5.2Ǻ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 2 x 2 − 4 x = 0
1 2
ግಞ 5.3Ǻ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x + 6x = 0
2

3-248
΋ϡΒԛБำԄǴऩѝલதኧ໨)‫܈‬ᆀதኧ໨ࣁ 1*Ǵ

߾࡞Ԗ΋ਥࣁ 1

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ ӃϩಔӆගϦӢԄ

)2* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 4 x + 3x + 12 = 0

‫ݙ‬ཀǺ
ှǺ x 2 + 4 x + 3 x + 12 = 0
ှБำԄၸำȺɨȻ
x( x + 4) + 3( x + 4) = 0
( x + 4)( x + 3) = 0 όё‫߻ܫ‬य़
∴ x = −4 ‫ ܈‬x = −3

)3* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 2 x 2 − 6 x + 3x − 9 = 0

ှǺ 2 x 2 − 6 x + 3x − 9 = 0

2 x( x − 3) + 3( x − 3) = 0
( x − 3)(2 x + 3) = 0
3
∴x = 3 ‫܈‬x = −
2

3-249
ግಞ 6Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 5 x 2 + 2 x − 15 x − 6 = 0

Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬Ǻ

ᏢಞаΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ‫؁ޑ‬ᡯ

Tufq!2!Ǻ a = 1 Ǵ b > 0 Ъ c > 0 Ȑጄ‫ ٯ‬7ȑ

Tufq!3!Ǻ a = 1 Ǵ b < 0 Ъ c > 0 Ȑጄ‫ ٯ‬8ȑ

Tufq!4!Ǻ a = 1 ǴЪ c < 0 Ȑጄ‫ ٯ‬9ȑ

Tufq!5!Ǻ a ≠ 1 Ȑጄ‫ ٯ‬:ȑ

Tufq!6!Ǻ຾໘ᚒ Ȑጄ‫ ٯ‬21ǵ22ȑ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻ

)2* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 5 x + 6 = 0

ှǺ x 2 + 5x + 6 = 0

( x + 2)( x + 3) = 0

∴ x = −2 Ǵ − 3

3-250
)3* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 7 x + 6 = 0

ှǺ x 2 + 7 x + 6 = 0
( x + 1)( x + 6) = 0

∴ x = −1 Ǵ − 6

Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬Ǻ

ǴѝԖ x а‫ځ‬ှжΕ
БำԄ)ύ୯ᆀࣁȸБำȹ*ΞћբȺచҹ฻ԄȻ

ਔǴ฻ဦω཮ԋҥǶԶ΋ϡΒԛБำԄѸԖ‫ٿ‬ှǴѝࢂԖਔ཮ౢғ

຀ኧှȐा฻‫ډ‬ଯύω཮௲‫ډ‬ȑ
ǴԶ୯ύ໘ࢤԖ٤‫ހ‬ҁ௲ࣽਜᆀϐࣁ

ȸคှȹǴၨό፾྽Ǵᔈ၀ᇥคჴኧှၨ፾྽Ƕ

ግಞ 7.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 5 x + 4 = 0

ግಞ 7.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 4 x + 4 = 0

3-251
ጄ‫ ٯ‬8Ǻ

)2*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − 5 x + 6 = 0
( x − 2)( x − 3) = 0

∴x−2 = 0 ‫܈‬x−3= 0

∴ x = 2 Ǵ3

)3*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 7 x + 6 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − 7 x + 6 = 0
( x − 1)( x − 6) = 0

∴ x = 1 !- 6

3-252
ግಞ 8.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 25 x + 24 = 0

ግಞ 8.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 10 x + 24 = 0

ግಞ 8.4Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 20 x + 91 = 0

ጄ‫ ٯ‬9Ǻ

)2*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 2 x − 24 = 0

ှǺ x 2 + 2 x − 24 = 0 ʈձ‫ב‬Αቪ ȹ>!1!ȹ

( x − 4)( x + 6) = 0

∴x = 4 Ǵ−6

)3*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 2 x − 24 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − 2 x − 24 = 0

( x + 4)( x − 6) = 0

∴ x = −4 !- 6

3-253
)4*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 5 x − 24 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − 5 x − 24 = 0

( x + 3)( x − 8) = 0

∴ x = −3 !- 8

ግಞ 9.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 2 x − 15 = 0

ግಞ 9.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 15 x − 76 = 0

ግಞ 9.4Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 8 x − 105 = 0

3-254
ጄ‫ ٯ‬:Ǻ

)2* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 5 x 2 + 16 x + 3 = 0

ှǺ 5 x 2 + 16 x + 3 = 0

( x + 3)(5 x + 1) = 0
1
∴ x = −3 Ǵ −
5

)3* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 − 5 = −2 x

ှǺ 3 x 2 − 5 = −2 x

3x 2 + 2 x − 5 = 0
( x − 1)(3 x + 5) = 0
5
∴ x = 1 !- −
3

)4* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 5 x 2 − 3x − 14 = 0

ှǺ 5 x 2 − 3 x − 14 = 0

( x − 2)(5 x + 7) = 0
7
∴ x = 2 !- −
5

3-255
ግಞ :.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 − 11x + 6 = 0

ግಞ :.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (2 x − 1)(3x + 5) = 15

ግಞ :.4Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (2 x + 3)(2 x − 3) = 9 x

ጄ‫ ٯ‬21Ǻ

)2* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 6 x 2 + 28 x − 48 = 0

ှǺ 6 x 2 + 28 x − 48 = 0

3 x 2 + 14 x − 24 = 0 !!!!)Ӛ໨ӕନа 3*

( x + 6)(3 x − 4) = 0
4
∴ x = −6 Ǵ
3

ȴќှȵ 2 ⋅ (3x 2 + 14 x − 24) = 0 !!!!)Ӄගр 3*

2 ⋅ ( x + 6)(3 x − 4) = 0

߾Q 2 ≠ 0

∴x+6 = 0 ‫܈‬ 3x − 4 = 0

4
∴ x = −6 Ǵ
3

17 6
)3* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − x+ =0
7 7

3-256
 17 6
ှǺ x2 − x+ =0
7 7

7 x 2 − 17 x + 6 = 0 !!!!!)Ӛ໨ӕ४а 8*

( x − 2)(7 x − 3) = 0
3
∴ x = 2 !-
7

)4* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ1.5 x 2 − 0.7 x = 3

ှǺ 1 .5 x 2 − 0 .7 x = 3

15 x 2 − 7 x = 30 !!!!!!!!)Ӛ໨ӕ४а 21*

15 x 2 − 7 x − 30 = 0
(3 x − 5)(5 x + 6) = 0
5 6
∴x = !- −
3 5

ግಞ 21.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 40 x 2 − 30 x − 70 = 0
10
ግಞ 21.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − x − =0
9

ግಞ 21.4Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 0.6 x 2 − 2.4 = x

3-257
ጄ‫ ٯ‬22Ǻ

)2* ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 3) 2 − 3( x − 3) − 4 = 0

ှǺ
ऩз x − 3 = A

߾ A2 − 3 A − 4 = 0

( x − 3) 2 − 3( x − 3) − 4 = 0
( x − 3 + 1)( x − 3 − 4) = 0
( x − 2)( x − 7) = 0

∴x = 2 Ǵ7

ግಞ 22.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (2 x + 1) 2 − (2 x + 1) − 30 = 0

ግಞ 22.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 4( x − 5) 2 − 5( x − 5) − 21 = 0

3-258
 QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

2ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 = 6 Ǵ x =

3ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 7)(13x − 2) = 0 Ǵ x =

4ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x(3x − 2) = 0 Ǵ x =

5ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (5 x + 2) 2 = 0 Ǵ x =

6ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (3 − x) 2 = (3 − 2 x) 2 Ǵ x =

7ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 49 x 2 − 70 x + 25 = 0 Ǵ x =

8ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x( x − 7) = 18 Ǵ x =

9ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 + 8 x − 3 = 0 Ǵ x =

:ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 = −7 Ǵ x =

21ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 1)(2 x + 3) = (3x − 11)( x − 1) Ǵ x =

3-259
22ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 3)( x + 3) − ( x + 3) = 0 Ǵ x =

23ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x + 1) 2 − 3x( x + 1) = 0 Ǵ x =

24ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − 12 − x + x 2 = 0 Ǵ x =

25ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − x 2 + 11x + 42 = 0 Ǵ x =

26ǵ ٬ӭ໨Ԅ 5 x 2 − 3x − 14 ‫ ࣁॶޑ‬1 ‫ ޑ‬x ॶ>

27ǵ x = 3 όࢂΠӈব΋ঁБำԄ‫ޑ‬ှǻ

)B* 7( x − 3) = 0 !)C* ( x − 3)( x + 3) = 0 !)D*! (71x − 3)(17 x − 51) = 0

)E* x( x + 3) = 0

28ǵ ΠӈՖ‫ޣ‬ёࣁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 4 x 2 + 41x + 91 = 0 ǻ

13 13
)B* 7 !!)C*! − 13 !!)D*! − )E*! −
4 2

Ɂа࣬ӕ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ှ 2931 ᚒ

29ǵ A 2 − A − 30 = 0 Ǵ A =

2:ǵ ( x + 1) 2 − ( x + 1) − 30 = 0 Ǵ x =

31ǵ ( x + 1) 2 − ( x + 1)(3x − 2) − 30(3x − 2) 2 = 0

3-260
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

2/ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 0.18 x − 0.0144 = 0

ှǺ

ճҔ 0.0144 = 0.06 ⋅ 0.24

( x + 0.06)( x − 0.24) = 0
∴ x = −0.06, 0.24

BotǺ x = −0.06, 0.24

3/ऩ b, c ࢂ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + bx + c = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥǴ

‫؃‬b > c> Ƕ

ှǺ
x = b, c
( x − b)( x − c) = 0
x 2 − (b + c) x + bc = 0

Кၨ x 2 + bx + c = 0
⎧bc = c ⎧b = 1
∴⎨ ள ⎨
⎩b + c = −b ⎩c = −2

BotǺ2-.3

3-261
4/ऩ x 2 − px + 24 = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥКࣁ 3Ǻ4Ǵ

‫؃‬p= Ƕ

ှǺ

з‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ 2r ,3r
( x − 2r )( x − 3r ) = 0
x 2 − 5rx + 6r 2 = 0
∴ 6r 2 = 24
2
=4
= ±2

Զ p = 5r = ±10

BotǺ ± 10

5/ x = a ࢂ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + bx + a = 0 ‫ޑ‬΋ਥǴ a ≠ 0

‫ ؃‬a+b = Ƕ

ှǺ

x = a жΕ x 2 + bx + a = 0

ள a 2 + ab + a = 0
a (a + b) = − a
−a
Q a ≠ 0,∴ a + b = = −1
a

BotǺ.2

3-262
6/ς‫ ޕ‬n ࣁ҅᏾ኧǴፎ‫פ‬рΠӈ n ঁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫ޑ‬੝‫܄‬

!!!)2*! x 2 − 1 = 0

!!!)3*! x 2 − x − 2 = 0

!!!)4*! x 2 − 2 x − 3 = 0
M

!!!) n *! x 2 − (n − 1) x − n = 0

߾ķፎаΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ှ) n *

ĸ೭ n ঁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄԖ΋Ӆӕਥࣁ Ƕ

Ĺ೭ n ঁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫܌‬Ԗਥϐ‫ࣁک‬ Ƕ

ှǺ

ķ
∴ x = −1, n

ĸ x = −1

Ĺ − 1 + 1 − 1 + 2 − 1 + 3 − 1 + 4 − ǾǾ −1 + n

= 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + ǾǾ + (n − 1)

(1 + n − 1) ⋅ (n − 1)
=
2
n(n − 1)
=
2
n(n − 1)
BotǺķ x = −1, n ĸ .2!!Ĺ
2

3-263
7/ፎቪр΋ঁ‫ٿ‬ਥϕࣁॹኧ‫ޑ‬΋ϡΒԛБำԄǴЪ‫܌‬Ԗ߯ኧ֡ࣁ᏾

ኧǶ

ှǺ

ᖐ΋ӈ
3 2
з‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ ,
2 3
3 2
ջ ( x − )( x − ) = 0
2 3
(2 x − 3)(3 x − 2) = 0
6 x 2 − 13 x + 6 = 0

BotǺ 6 x 2 − 13x + 6 = 0

8/‫܍‬΢ᚒǴऩӆу΋ঁచҹǺ x 2 ໨߯ኧा฻‫ ܭ‬2ǴፎቪрҺ΋ঁ΋ϡ

ΒԛБำԄǶ

ှǺ

ᢀჸ΢ᚒё‫ޕ‬Ǵ೭‫ٿ‬ਥѸࣁ!2-2!‫ ܈‬.2-.2

ջ x 2 − 2x + 1 = 0 ‫܈‬ x 2 + 2x + 1 = 0

3-264
9/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − kx + 14 = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥ֡ࣁ᏾ኧǴ

߾ k ‫܌‬Ԗёૈॶ>

ှǺ

٩ΜӷҬ४‫ ݤ‬14 = 1 ⋅ 14 = (−1) ⋅ (−14) = 2 ⋅ 7 = (−2) ⋅ (−7)

k = ±15

k = ±9

∴ k = ±9,±15

Bot; k = ±9,±15

3-265
:/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − x + t = 0Ȑ t ࣁ᏾ኧȑ‫ٿޑ‬ਥ֡ࣁ᏾ኧǴ߾ t ё

ૈॶԖ ঁ

ှǺ

t = −2 t = −6 t = −12

ёϩԋ

Ԗคज़ӭᅿёૈ

∴ t ёૈԖคज़ӭঁ

Bot; คज़ӭঁ

3-266
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤

΋ϡΒԛБำԄᆶ߯ኧ‫ޑ‬ᜢ߯

2/ऩ x 2 + bx + c = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥࣁ 3Ǵ4Ǵ‫ ؃‬b Ǵ c ϐॶǻ

ှǺ x = 3,4

( x − 3)( x − 4) = 0
x 2 − 7 + 12 = 0

Кၨ x 2 + bx + c = 0
∴ b = −7, c = 12

‫ॺך‬ว౜ 7 = 3 + 4 Ǵ12 = 3 ⋅ 4 Ǵ຾΋‫؁‬Αှ‫ځ‬ύ༫֮

−b
ऩ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ α , β Ǵ߾‫ٿ‬ਥ‫ک‬Ǻ α + β =
a
c
‫ٿ‬ਥᑈǺ α ⋅ β =
a

ှǺ x = α, β

( x − α )( x − β ) = 0
x 2 − (α + β ) x + αβ = 0
1
Ξ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ӕ४
a
b c
ள x2 + x + = 0
a a
−b c
Кၨ߯ኧள α + β = Ǵα ⋅ β =
a a

3-267
 ԜᆀࣁȺਥᆶ߯ኧ‫ޑ‬ᜢ߯Ȼ
ȐԶύ୯ᆀբȺॡၲ‫ۓ‬౛Ȼ
ȑǶଯύҔ

‫ࡐډ‬ӭǴՠ୯ύ௲‫׷‬ς௨ନǴঁΓ௢ᘐচӢёૈࢂ‫ځ‬Ⱥ࠶ΚȻϼமεǴ

ೱղձԄ=1 ਔ೿ૈ٬ҔǶՠ຀ኧ୯ύςό௲ΑǴӢԜȺਥᆶ߯ኧ‫ޑ‬

ᜢ߯ȻߡԾฅ੃ѨΑ"

β α
3/ऩ 3x 2 + 7 x + 6 = 0 ‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ α , β Ǵ‫؃‬ + ϐॶ
α β
⎧ −7
α + β =
⎪⎪ 3
ှǺ ⎨
⎪αβ = 6 = 2
⎪⎩ 3
49
−4
β α β +α (α + β ) − 2αβ
2 2 2
9 13
+ = = = =
α β αβ αβ 2 18
− 7 ± − 23
ёխ‫ޔ‬ௗ‫؃‬р x = ǴӆжΕၮᆉǴ߾ीᆉ཮ࡐፄᚇ
6

4/ऩ 5 x 2 − 6 x + 7 = 0 ‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ α , β Ǵ‫ ؃‬α 2 β + αβ 2 ϐॶ

⎧ 6
⎪⎪α + β = 5
ှǺ ⎨
⎪αβ = 7
⎪⎩ 5
α 2 β + αβ 2 = αβ (α + β )
7 6 42
= ⋅ =
5 5 25

3-268
௢ቶ

ऩ΋ϡΟԛӭ໨Ԅ ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0 ‫ޑ‬Οਥࣁ α Ǵ β Ǵ γ
( x − α )( x − β )( x − γ ) = 0 ⇒ x 3 − (α + β + γ ) x 2 + (αβ + βγ + γα ) x − αβγ = 0

Кၨ ax 3 + bx 2 + cx + d = 0
−b
ளΟਥ‫ک‬Ǻ α + β + γ =
a
c
‫ٿٿ‬ᑈϐ‫ک‬Ǻ αβ + αγ + βγ =
a
−d
ΟਥᑈǺ αβγ =
a

5/઒҆ᆶ৊ηғВӕ΋ϺǴЪ઒҆ೱុϤԃٰ‫ޑ‬ԃស೿ࢂ৊ηԃស‫ޑ‬

७ኧǴୢ઒҆ᆶ৊ηϞԃ‫ྃޑ‬ኧǻ

ှǺ

ϖԃ߻ Ѥԃ߻ ε߻ԃ ߻ԃ ѐԃ߻ Ϟԃ

઒
72 73 74 75 76 77
҆
৊
2 3 4 5 6 7
η

BotǺϞԃ઒҆ 77 ྃǴ৊η 7 ྃ

3-269
6/ϙሶਔংȸϖ෧΋฻‫ܭ‬Ϥȸ

ୖԵเਢǺ

)2*΋ঁϖᜐ‫׎‬ȸ୊ȹѐ΋‫ف‬ǴߡԋϤᜐ‫׎‬

)3*ϖϡӆȸᏺȹ΋ϡᡂԋϤϡ

գᗋԖ‫ځ‬д‫֮ޑ‬เ༏ǻ

3-270
ှเጇǺ

QBSU!2!ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
5 2
ግಞ 2 ࢂ ግಞ 3 ࢂ ግಞ 4 x = Ǵ
2 5

ግಞ 5.2 x = 0 ‫ ܈‬x = 2 ግಞ 5.3 x = 0 ‫ ܈‬x = −12

2
ግಞ 6 x = 3 ‫ ܈‬x = −
5

ግಞ 7.2 x = −1 - − 4 ግಞ 7.3 x = −2 - − 2 )‫ ܈‬x = −2 Ȑख़ਥȑ*!

ግಞ 8.2 x = 1 - 24 ግಞ 8.3 x = 4 - 6 ግಞ 8.4 x = 7 -13

ግಞ 9.2 x = 3 - − 5 ግಞ 9.3 x = −4 -19 ግಞ 9.4 x = 7 - − 15

2 5 4 3
ግಞ :.2 x = - 3 ግಞ :.3 x = − - ግಞ :.4 x = 3 - −
3 2 3 4
7 2 5 4
ግಞ 21.2 x = −1 - ግಞ 21.3 x = − - ግಞ 21.4 x = 3 - −
4 3 3 3
5 13
ግಞ 22.2 x = −3 - ግಞ 22.3 x = 8 -
2 4

QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2 2 2 2
BotǺ)2*! ± 2 !!)3*! 7, !)4*! 0, !!!!)5* − ,− !)6*!1-3!
13 3 5 5
5 5 1
)7*! , !!!)8*! − 2,9 !)9*!! ,−3 !):*คჴਥ!!)21*!2-25
7 7 3
1 7
!!!!!)22*! − 3,4 !!)23*! − 1, !)24*! − 3,4 !!)25* − 3,14 !)26*! 2,−
2 5
9 13
)27*!E!!)28*!D!)29*!! − 5,6 !)2:*! − 6,5 !)31*! ,
16 17

3-271
 7.3!ଛБ‫ݤ‬ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ

QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื

Їଆ୏ᐒǺ

ፎаΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 4 x − 1517 = 0Ǵှᚒၸำύ

ࡐᜤགྷ‫ډ‬ஒ 2628 ‫ܨ‬ԋ 37 ⋅ 41 ⇒

( x − 37) ⋅ ( x + 41) = 0

x = 37,−41

ᡣ‫ॺך‬Ծฅགྷ‫ࢂډ‬ցԖ‫׳‬ӳ‫ޑ‬Б‫ٰݤ‬ှ‫ګ‬ǻ

Ξ‫ٯ‬ӵှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 7) 2 − 3 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − 14 x + 49 − 3 = 0

x 2 − 14 x + 46 = 0

аΜӷҬ४‫ࡐࢂݤ‬ᜤ‫؃‬р‫ځ‬ှǴ

ՠऩ‫ׯ‬ԋ ( x − 7) 2 = 3 = (± 3 ) 2

x−7 = ± 3

x =7± 3

ߡࡐ৒ܰှрǶ

‫ॺך‬ว౜ΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬ၶ‫ࡐډ‬ӭ‫ࢂݩރ‬όӳҔ‫ޑ‬Ǵ‫ॺךࢂܭ‬ा‫׳‬

຾΋‫؁‬Ꮲ΋ᅿཥ‫ޑ‬Б‫ˇݤ‬ଛБ‫)ݤ‬ଛԋֹӄѳБ‫׎‬Ԅ‫ޑ‬Б‫*ݤ‬Ƕ

3-272
Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬Ǻ

ӢࣁଛБ‫ݤ‬ၸำၨߏǴࡺ‫ॺך‬ஒ‫ځ‬Ϫԋ΢ǵΠ‫ٿ‬೽ϩٰᏢǴӃ

ᏢΠъ೽Ǵӆஒ΢ъ೽᏾ᡏՍᖄଆٰǶ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2 Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 = 49

ှǺ x 2 = 49 = (±7) 2 )Q 5: ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࢂ ± 7 *

∴ x = ±7

ግಞ 2.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 = 169

ግಞ 2.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 4 x 2 = 121

3-273
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3 Ǻ)2*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x + 3) 2 = 25

ှǺ ( x + 3) 2 = 25 = (±5) 2

∴ x + 3 = ±5 !!!!)୦բ x у 4 ฻‫ ॄ҅ܭ‬6*

x = −3 ± 5 !!!!)୦բ x ฻‫ ॄܭ‬4 у‫܈‬෧ 6*

x = 2,−8

ȴόӳ‫ޑ‬ှ‫ݤ‬ȵǺ

( x + 3) 2 = 25

x 2 + 6 x + 9 = 25

x 2 + 6 x − 16 = 0

( x − 2)( x + 8) = 0

x = 2,−8

)3*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 4( x − 3) 2 = 25
25 5
ှǺ ( x − 3) 2 = = (± ) 2
4 2
5
∴x−3 = ±
2
5
x = 3±
2
11 1
x= ,
2 2

ግಞ 3.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 5) 2 − 36 = 0

ግಞ 3.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (2 x − 5) 2 − 36 = 0

3-274
ጄ‫ ٯ‬4 Ǻ)2*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 2) 2 = 3

ှǺ ( x − 2) 2 = 3 = (± 3 ) 2 4 ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࢂ ± 3

∴x−2 = ± 3

x = 2± 3

!!!!!)Ԝ‫ٿ‬ਥࣁค౛ኧ*

!)3*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 4( x − 2) 2 = 5

5 5 2 5 5 5
ှǺ ( x − 2) 2 = = (± ) ‫ޑ‬ѳБਥࣁ ± =±
4 2 4 4 2
5
x−2=±
2
5 4± 5
x = 2± !)‫ ܈‬x = !*
2 2

)4*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3( x − 4) 2 = 5

5 15 2 5 5⋅ 3 15
ှǺ ( x − 4) 2 = = (± ) = =
3 3 3 3⋅ 3 3
15
x−4= ±
3
15
x = 4±
3

3-275
ግಞ 4.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ( x − 3) 2 = 2

ግಞ 4.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 9( x − 3) 2 − 5 = 0

ግಞ 4.4Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 2(1 − x) 2 = 7

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5 ࣮ၸΠᚒှ‫ࡕݤ‬Ǵӆբ)2* )3*ግಞ

ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 3x + 1 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − 3x + 1 = 0
Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬Ǻα೘Ǻ΋ъ‫ޑ‬ѳБ
x 2 − 3x = −1
3 3 ‫ٿ‬ᜐӕу x ໨߯ኧȸ΋ъ‫ޑ‬ѳ
x 2 − 3x + ( ) 2 = ( ) 2 − 1
2 2
3 5 ± 5 2 БȹǶѰᜐଛԋ‫׎‬ӵ
(x − )2 = = ( )
2 4 2
3 ± 5 x 2 − 2ax + a 2 → ( x − a ) 2 ⇒ ࣁ΋ֹӄ
x− =
2 2
3± 5 ѳБԄ
x=
2

)2*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 4 x − 2 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − 4x − 2 = 0

x 2 − 4x =2

x 2 − 4 x + !5! = 2 + 4 ⇒ ༤ 5 ‫ޑ‬΋ъ‫ޑ‬ѳБ>5!!!!!!!!!

(x − )2 = = )!!!* 2 ⇒ ༤ 3-!7-! ± 6

ௗΠٰ൩࣮գ‫߄ޑ‬౜ΑǺ

3-276
 x=

)3*΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 5 x + 3 = 0

BotǺ)2*!!!! )3*!!!!
x−2=± 6 25 25
ှ;!! x 2 − 5 x + = − 3
4 4
x = 2± 6 5 13 ± 13 2
(x − )2 = =( )
2 4 2
5 ± 13
x− =
2 2
5 ± 13
x=
2

ግಞ 5.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 7 x + 5 = 0

ግಞ 5.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 6 x + 7 = 0

3-277
 Ӄᡣ x 2 ໨߯ኧᡂԋȸ2ȹ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ)2*!ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − x 2 + x + 1 = 0

ှǺ x 2 − x − 1 = 0 !!!!!!!)ӕ४).2*٬ள x 2 ໨߯ኧ>2*

x2 − x =1
1 1
x2 − x + = +1
4 4
1 5 ± 5 2
(x − )2 = = ( )
2 4 2
1 ± 5
x− =
2 2
1± 5 −1± 5
x= )‫܈‬ *
2 −2

1
)3*!ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − x 2 − x + 1 = 0
3
1
ှǺӕ४).4*٬ள − x 2 = x 2
3
x 2 + 3x − 3 = 0

x 2 + 3x =3
9 9 9
x 2 + 3x + = + 3 !!!!!!!!)ӕу 4 ‫ޑ‬΋ъ‫ޑ‬ѳБ = *
4 4 4
3 21 ± 21 2
(x + )2 = =( )
2 4 2
3 ± 21
x+ =
2 2
− 3 ± 21
x=
2

3-278
ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻ Ӄ࣮ጄ‫ٯ‬ှ‫ࡕݤ‬Ǵӆբ)2*ǵ)3*ᚒǺ

ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 2 x 2 − 3x − 3 = 0

3 3 1
ှǺ x2 − x = !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)ӕ४ *
2 2 2
3 9 9 3 3 9
x2 − x+ = + !!!!!!!!)ӕу ( ) 2 = *
2 16 16 2 4 16
3 33 ± 33 2
(x − )2 = =( )
4 16 4
3 ± 33
x− =
4 4
3 ± 33
x=
4

)2*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 4 x 2 − 2 x − 5 = 0

ှǺ 4x 2 − 2x − 5 = 0

1 5
x2 − x = ⇒ ༤
2 4
1 5 1 1
x2 − x+ = + ⇒ ༤ ‫ޑ‬΋ъ‫ޑ‬ѳБ =
2 4 2 16
21 1 ± 21
(x − )2 = !!>)!!!* 2 ⇒༤ -!
16 4 4

ௗΠٰ൩࣮գ‫߄ޑ‬౜ΑǺ

x=

1 ± 21
BotǺ x − =
4 4
1 ± 21
x=
4

3-279
 )3*ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 − 7 x + 3 = 0

ှǺ

7
BotǺ x 2 − x = −1
3
7 49 49 13
x2 − x+ = −1 =
3 36 36 36
7 ± 13 2
(x − )2 = ( )
6 6
7 ± 13
x− =
6 6
7 ± 13
x=
6

ግಞ 7.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − 2 x 2 + 3x + 4 = 0

ግಞ 7.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 5 x 2 − x − 2 = 0

ግಞ 7.4Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 − 11x + 5 = 0

3-280
 QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

2ǵ ऩ x 2 − 14 x + a = 0 Ԗख़ਥǴ߾ a =

3ǵ ऩ 4 x 2 + bx + 9 ࣁֹӄѳБԄǴ b =

4ǵ ऩ x 2 + 18 x + a − 11 ࣁֹӄѳБԄǴ a =

5ǵ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (2 x + 6) 2 = 12 Ǵ x =

6ǵ ऩ x 2 − 6 x + 9 = 0 ёϯᙁԋ ( x + a) 2 = b Ǵ߾ a = Ǵb =

7ǵ җ x 2 − ax + 1 = 0 ё௢ள ( x − 3) 2 = b Ǵ‫ ؃‬a + b =

8ǵ ऩ x 2 − 8 x + 5 = 0 Ǵ‫( ؃‬x − 4) 2 =

9ǵ ऩ x 2 + 2 x − 399 = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥࣁ a, b ǴЪ a > b Ǵ‫ ؃‬a − b =

:ǵ аଛБ‫ݤ‬ှ − x 2 + 3x + 3 = 0 Ǵள x =

21ǵ аଛБ‫ݤ‬ှ x 2 − 6 x = 5767 Ǵள x =

3-281
 QBSU JJJ;ଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

1 ± 13
2/ ऩ x = ࢂ x 2 − x − k = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥǴ‫ ؃‬k >
2

ှ;

\lfz^ஒଛБ‫ݤ‬଍௢ߡё

1 ± 13
x=
2
2 x = 1 ± 13
2 x − 1 = ± 13

(2 x − 1) 2 = (± 13 ) 2

4 x 2 − 4 x + 1 = 13
4 x 2 − 4 x − 12 = 0
x2 − x − 3 = 0

Кၨ x 2 − x − k = 0

∴k = 3

BotǺ k = 3

3/ ऩ b-!c ࢂ ( x − 13) 2 = 31 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥǴ‫( ؃‬13 − b) 2 − (a − 13) 2 =

ှ;

ஒ b-c ϩձжΕ ( x − 13) 2 = 31 ύǴ

ள (a − 13) 2 = 31 = (b − 13) 2 = (13 − b) 2

∴ (a − 13) 2 = (13 − b) 2

ջ∴ (a − 13) 2 − (13 − b) 2 = 0

BotǺ 0

3-282
4ǵҘǵΌ‫ٿ‬Γӕှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 2 x 2 − x − 1 = x 2 + 4 x − 5 ၸำӵΠǴ

ҘǺ 2 x 2 − x − 1 = x 2 + 4 x − 5

‫ٿ‬ᜐբΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬Ǵ ( x − 1)(2 x + 1) = ( x + 5)( x − 1)

ऊѐ ( x − 1) ⇒ 2x + 1 = x + 5

x=4

ΌǺ 2 x 2 − x − 1 = x 2 + 4 x − 5

x 2 − 5x + 4 = 0
( x − 1)( x − 4) = 0
x = 1,4

ҘǵΌ‫ٿ‬Γፔ଺ᒱΑǴ࡛ሶ‫@ׯ‬

ှǺ

ҘᒱΑǴ( x − 1)(2 x + 1) = ( x + 5)( x − 1) ྽ x = 1 жΕள 0 = 0ǴࡐܴᡉǴx = 1

ࢂБำԄ΋ှǴՠ೏ऊѐ ( x − 1) Ǵߡౢғ෧ਥǶࡌ᝼Ӄଷ೛ x − 1 ό

ࣁ 1 ‫ޑ‬௃‫ݩ‬Π‫ٿ‬ᜐёӕ੃ѐ ( x − 1)Ǵՠᔈҥ‫څ‬ӧനࡕံቪ΢ x = 1 ೭

ঁਥǶ

3-283
 34
5ǵऩ ax 2 − 2 x − 748 = 0 Ǵ‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ − 11, Ǵ‫ ؃‬a = ǶȐү :2 ୷ෳȑ
3

ှ;
34
x = −11, Ȑ଍௢ȑ
3
34
( x + 11)( x − )=0
3
( x + 11)(3 x − 34) = 0

3 x 2 − x − 374 = 0
6 x 2 − 2 x − 748 = 0

Кၨ ax 2 − 2 x − 748 = 0 ∴a = 6

BotǺ a = 6

6/ऩ x 2 − (13 ⋅ 15) x − 14 2 = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥࣁ a, b ǴЪ a > b Ǵ‫ ؃‬2a − b =

ှ;

13 ⋅ 15 = (14 − 1)(14 + 1) = 14 2 − 1
x 2 − (14 2 − 1) x − 14 2 = 0
( x − 14 2 )( x + 1) = 0
x = 14 2 ,−1
x = 196,−1
∴ a = 196, b = −1
2a − b = 2 ⋅ 196 − (−1)
= 393

BotǺ 393

3-284
 −2
7 ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (5 x − 3)(ax + b) = 32 ‫ޑ‬ှࣁ 7, Ǵ‫ ؃‬a − b =
5

ှ;
−2
x = 7,
5
2
( x − 7)( x + ) = 0
5
( x − 7)(5 x + 2) = 0

5 x 2 − 33 x − 14 = 0 ǾǾǾǾǾǾǾǾɁ

Ȑ‫ٿ‬ᜐӕу 43ȑ

5 x 2 − 33 x − 14 + 32 = 32
5 x 2 − 33 x + 18 = 32
(5 x − 3)( x − 6) = 32

Кၨ (5 x − 3)(ax + b) = 32
∴ a = 1, b = −6
a − b = 1 − ( − 6) = 7

ȴќှȵ;வɁ໒‫ۈ‬ΨёҔନ‫ݤ‬ှᚒ

‫ޕ‬ ax + b = x − 6

BotǺ 7

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 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤

2/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + px + q = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥϐКࣁ 3Ǻ4ǴЪղձԄ>:

‫؃‬Ԝ΋ϡΒԛБำԄǻ

ှǺ

з‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ 2r ,3r
∴ x = 2r ,3r
( x − 2r )( x − 3r ) = 0
x 2 − 5rx + 6r 2 = 0
∴ p = −5r , q = 6r 2

Ξ p 2 − 4q = 9
25r 2 − 24r 2 = 9
r2 = 9
∴ r = ±3

‫ ࣁ؃܌‬x 2 − 15 x + 54 = 0

‫ ܈‬x 2 + 15 x + 54 = 0

BotǺ x 2 − 15 x + 54 = 0 ‫ ܈‬x 2 + 15 x + 54 = 0

3-286
3/ ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫ٿޑ‬ਥϐКࣁ 3Ǻ4ǴЪղձԄ>:

‫؃‬Ԝ΋ϡΒԛБำԄǻ

ှǺ

೛ ax 2 + bx + c = 0, a ≠ 0 Ǵ‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ α , β

−b+ 9 −b+3
зα = =
2a 2a
−b− 9 −b−3
β= =
2a 2a

α Ǻ β = 3Ǻ4!!!!ps!!!!! α Ǻ β = 4Ǻ3

−b+3 −b−3 −b+3 −b−3

Ǻ = 3Ǻ4! ⇒ Ǻ = 3Ǻ4
2a 2a 2 2
−b+3 −b−3 −b+3 −b−3
!!!ps!! Ǻ = 4Ǻ3! ⇒ Ǻ = 4Ǻ3
2a 2a 2 2

ள b = 15 !!!ps!! b = −15

Ξ b 2 − 4ac = 9
225 − 4ac = 9
216 = 4ac
54
=c
a
54
ள ax 2 ± 15 x + =0
a

Ԗคज़ӭಔှ

‫ٯ‬ӵ a = 3 ⇒ 3x 2 ± 15 x + 18 = 0
x 2 ± 5x + 6 = 0
a = 6 ⇒ 6 x 2 ± 15 x + 9 = 0
2x 2 ± 5x + 3 = 0

่ፕǺऩ҂ज़‫ ڋ‬a = 1 Ǵ߾Ԗคज़ӭಔှ

3-287
4/ς‫ ޕ‬x 2 − 3x + 1 = 0
1
‫)؃‬2* x 2 + =
x2
1
!!!!)3*! x − =
x

ှǺ
1 1
!!)2* x 2 − 3x + 1 = 0 !)ӕ४ *!! ⇒ x − 3 + = 0
x x
1
x+ =3
x
1
(x + )2 = 9
x
1 1
x 2 + 2x ⋅ + =9
x x2
1
∴ x2 + =7
x2
1 1 1
!!)3* ( x − ) 2 = x 2 + 2
− 2x ⋅
x x x
=7−2
=5
1
∴x− =± 5
x

BotǺ)2*!8!)3*! ± 5

3-288
ှเጇǺ

QBSU!2!ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
11
ግಞ 2.2 x = ±13 ግಞ 2.2 x = ±
2
11 1
ግಞ 3.2 x = 11,−1 ግಞ 3.3 x = ,−
2 2
5 9± 5
ግಞ 4.2 x = 3 ± 2 ግಞ 4.2 x = 3 ± )‫ ܈‬x = !*
3 3
14 2 ± 14
ግಞ 4.2 x = 1 ± )‫ ܈‬x = !*
2 2
− 7 ± 29
ግಞ 5.2 x = ግಞ 5.2 x = −3 ± 2
2
3 ± 41 1 ± 41 11 ± 61
ግಞ 7.2 x = ግಞ 7.3 x = ግಞ 7.4 x =
4 10 6

QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

)2*!5:!!)3*! ± 12 !)4*! 92 !!!!)5* − 3 ± 3 !)6*! − 3,0

3 ± 21
)7*!14(a = 6, b = 8) !)8*!11 !)9*!! 40 !):* x =
2

)21* − 73,79

3-289
 7.4!ϦԄှှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ

QBSU!JǺЬᚒ௖઩୔

Їଆ୏ᐒǺ

ӕᏢჹ߻य़ଛБ‫ݤ‬ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄǴࢂցག᝺‫ډ‬ှᚒၸำࢂ

ցԖ٤ϦԄϯǵ ᐒఓϯǻؒᒱǴ೿ࢂ‫ݮ‬๱΋‫؁ޑۓ‬ᡯ຾ՉǶ ࡽฅ

೭ኬǴ‫ॺך‬ஒ‫ע‬Ѭ΋૓ϯǵϦԄϯǴᕴ่рှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫ޑ‬Ϧ

Ԅှ Ƕ

‫ڀ‬ᡏᆶ΋૓ϯ‫ޑ‬Кၨ

3x 2 + 5 x + 1 = 0 ax 2 + bx + c = 0
5 1 b c
x2 + x =− x2 + x =−
3 3 a a
5 25 25 1 b b2 b2 c
x2 + x+ = − x2 + x+ 2 = 2 −
3 36 36 3 a 4a 4a a
5 13 ± 13 2 b 2 b 2 − 4ac ± b 2 − 4ac 2
(x + )2 = =( ) (x + ) = = ( )
6 36 6 2a 4a 2 2a
5 ± 13 b ± b 2 − 4ac
x+ = x+ =
6 6 2a 2a
− 5 ± 13 − b ± b 2 − 4ac
x= x=
6 2a

− b ± b 2 − 4ac
‫ځ‬ύ x = ᆀࣁ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ‫ޑ‬ȸϦ
2a

ԄှȹǶ

3-290
 − b ± b 2 − 4ac
ጄ‫ ٯ‬2Ǻ x=
2a

)2*аϦԄှǴှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 2 x 2 + 3x − 2 = 0

!!!Tufq!2!ǺӃዴ‫!ۓ‬b> -c> -d>

!!!Tufq!3!ǺӃᆉр b 2 − 4ac = − 4⋅ ) *!!!

!!!Tufq!4!ǺжΕϦԄ x =

ှǺ

Tufq!2!Ǻ!!3!-4!-.3!

Tufq!3!Ǻ!!: − 4 ⋅ ).5*!>!36

− 3 ± 25
Tufq!4!Ǻ x=
4
−3±5
=
4
1
= , −2
2

ጄ‫ ٯ‬3Ǻ аϦԄှǴှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 − 11x + 3 = 0

ှǺTufq!2!Ǻ!b> -c> -d>

!!!!!!!!Tufq!3!Ǻ b 2 − 4ac = − 4⋅ ) *!!!!

!!!!!!!!Tufq!4!Ǻ x =

3-291
 BotǺ

Tufq!2ǽ4!-.22!-4!

Tufq!3Ǻ232 − 4 ⋅ ):*!>!96

11 ± 85
Tufq!4Ǻ x =
6

Ꮲಞཷ‫ۺ‬Ǻ

аϦԄှ‫؃‬ှǴa ό΋‫ۓ‬ाӃϯԋȸ2ȹǴՠനӳӃᡣ a,b,c ϯ

ԋ᏾ኧǴӆжΕϦԄှǴ೭ኬёᙁϯीᆉၸำǶ

аϦԄှǴှΠӈӚᚒǺ

ግಞ 3.2Ǻ x 2 − x − 1 = 0

−b± D
ግಞ 3.3Ǻ 4 x 2 − 12 x + 9 = 0 x= , D = b 2 − 4ac ᆀࣁȺ ղձԄ Ȼ
2a

ግಞ 3.4Ǻ 5 x 2 − x − 7 = 0
ࡌ᝼ǺӃᆉр b 2 − 4ac ϐॶ
ግಞ 3.5Ǻ 3x 2 + 4 x − 1 = 0

3-292
 ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ‫ٿ‬ਥ‫܄‬፦

΋ϡΒԛБำԄ a 2 + bx + c = 0 (a ≠ 0) a, b, c ֡ࣁჴኧǴ‫ځ‬ှ

−b± D
x= , D = b 2 − 4ac ᆀࣁȸղձԄȹǶ ‫ڗ‬मЎ Ejtujohvjti!
2a

ղձ‫ޑ‬ಃ΋ঁӷ҆ E

1ӵ݀ D < 0Ǵ߾ ॄኧ όࢂჴኧȐࢂ຀ኧȑ

ǶᆀȹคჴኧှȹǴᙁᆀȹ

คჴਥȹǴΞӢࣁ୯ύѝӧჴኧጄൎϣ૸ፕǴࡺΨԖ

௲ࣽਜቪȹคှȹǶȐ‫఼҅੿ځ‬ཀࢂӧჴኧጄൎϣค

ှȑ

−b± 0 −b −b
2ӵ݀ D = 0 Ǵ߾‫ٿ‬ਥ x = = , Ǵᆀȹख़ਥȹpsȹ฻ਥȹ
2a 2a 2 a

ջࢂ‫ٿ‬ਥ࣬฻Ƕ

−b+ D −b− D
3ӵ݀ D > 0 Ǵ߾‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ x = ,x = Ǵᆀȹ‫࣬ٿ‬౦ჴኧ
2a 2a

ှȹǴᙁᆀȹ‫ٿ‬౦ਥȹ

а΢Ο‫܄‬፦‫ޑ‬௢ፕ֡ё଍Ƕ

⎧คჴਥ ⇒ D < 0⎫
Ψ൩ࢂᇥǴ࣮‫ډ‬ᚒҞቪ ⎪⎨฻ਥ ⇒ D = 0 ⎪⎬ ӈԄှᚒ
⎪‫ٿ‬౦ਥ ⇒ D > 0 ⎪
⎩ ⎭

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ጄ‫ ٯ‬4;ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 3x + 5 = 0

ှǺQ D = (−3) 2 − 4 ⋅ 5
= 9 − 20 ा‫ע‬ȹ.22ȹᆉрٰ
= −11 < 0

∴ x คှ

ግಞ 4.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ13x 2 − 7 x + 1 = 0

ግಞ 4.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − 6 x 2 + 4 x − 3 = 0

ጄ‫ ٯ‬5;ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 4 x 2 − (a + 1) x + 9 = 0 Ǵ‫ٿ‬ਥ࣬฻Ǵ‫ ؃‬a = ǻ

ှǺ

Q ‫ٿ‬ਥ࣬฻∴ D = 0

[−(a + 1)]2 − 4 ⋅ 36 = 0
(a + 1) 2 = 144
∴ a + 1 = ±12
a = −1 ± 12
a = 11,−13

3-294
 ‫ځ‬ჴ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ฻ਥǴ߾߄ҢӧѰᜐ‫ޑ‬ӭ໨ԄȐό֖

>1ȑѸࣁȹֹӄѳБԄȹǴࡺёҔ D = 0 ٰղ‫ࢂۓ‬ցࣁֹ

ӄѳБԄǶॹၸٰᇥǴऩς‫ֹࣁځޕ‬ӄѳБԄǴҥջӈԄ
D=0

ጄ‫ ٯ‬6;ऩ x 2 + bx + 49 ࣁֹӄБѳБԄǴ‫ ؃‬b = ǻ

ှǺ

ֹӄѳБԄ ⇒ D = 0
b 2 − 4 ⋅ 49 = 0
b 2 = 196
∴b = ±14

ግಞ 6.2Ǻӭ໨Ԅ 4x 2 + ɍ x + 25 ࣁֹӄѳБԄǴ߾ɍ>ǻ

ግಞ 6.3Ǻӭ໨Ԅ16 x 2 − 24 x + ɍࣁֹӄѳБԄǴ߾ɍ>ǻ

ግಞ 6.4Ǻऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (ax) 2 − 12 x + 4 = 0 ฻ਥǴ‫ ؃‬a = ǻ

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 QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

2ǵ ऩ x 2 − 4 x + k = 0 คჴਥǴ߾ k ёૈࢂΠӈՖኧǻ)B*6!!)C*5!!

)D*1!!)E*.5

3ǵ ऩ kx 2 + 12 x + (k − 5) = 0 Ԗ฻ਥǴ߾ k ёૈࢂǻ)B*.:!!)C*.5!!)D*6!!

)E*23

4ǵ аϦԄှ 5 x 2 − 12 = 11x Ǵ߾ x =

5ǵ аϦԄှ − 0.2 x 2 − 0.5 x + 0.3 = 0 Ǵ߾ x =

6ǵ аϦԄှ 2 x 2 + x + 1 = 0 Ǵ߾ x =

7ǵ аϦԄှ 3x 2 − 2 x = 7 Ǵ߾ x =

8ǵ аϦԄှ x 2 − 3x − 1 = 0 ǴЪ x < 0 Ǵ߾ x =

9ǵ ྽x = ਔǴ x 2 + 5 x ‫཮ॶޑ‬฻‫ ܭ‬22

3-296
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑

2/ ‫ۓ‬က a ∗ b = a ⋅ (b + 1) Ǵऩ 8 ∗ x = x 2 ∗ 3 Ǵ

‫؃‬x =

ှǺ
8 ∗ x = 8 ⋅ ( x + 1) = 8 x + 8
x 2 ∗ 3 = x 2 ⋅ (3 + 1) = 4 x 2
8x + 8 = 4 x 2
x 2 − 2x − 2 = 0
x = 1± 3

3/ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 2(k − 1) x + (k 2 + 1) = 0 ‫ޑ‬ၸำӵΠǺ

ှǺ D = 4(k − 1) 2 − 4(k 2 + 1) ǾǾǾǾǾǾǾǾ)2*

= 4k 2 − 8k + 4 − 4k 2 − 4 ǾǾǾǾǾǾǾǾ)3*

= − 8k ǾǾǾǾǾǾǾǾ)4*

Q − 8k < 0 ǾǾǾǾǾǾǾǾ)5*

∴ คှ ǾǾǾǾǾǾǾǾ)6*

ፎୢ)2*)6*ՖԄ໒‫ۈ‬ᒱᇤǴ٠‫҅ׯ‬

ှǺ

ಃ)5*ࢂ໒‫ۈ‬วғᒱᇤ Q −8k ό΋‫ۓ‬λ‫ ܭ‬1

‫ٯ‬ӵ k < 0 Ǵ߾ − 8k > 0 ǴߡԖ‫ٿ‬౦ਥ

3-297
4/ऩ x 2 + x − 1 = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥࣁ a, b Ǵ‫ ؃‬a + b =

ှǺ

−1± 5 −1+ 5 −1− 5

җϦԄှ x = Ǵ‫ٿ‬ਥ ,
2 2 2

−1+ 5 −1− 5
a+b = +
2 2

−1+ 5 1+ 5
= +
2 2
2 5
=
2
= 5

Bot; 5

5/ऩ x 2 − 1 = 2006 ⋅ 2008 Ǵ߾ x >!

ှǺ
x 2 − 1 = 2006 ⋅ 2008
x 2 − 1 = (2007 − 1)(2007 + 1)
x 2 − 1 = 2007 2 − 1
∴ x 2 = 2007 2
x = ±2007

BotǺ x = ±2007

3-298
6/೛ α ࣁ x 2 − x − 1 = 0 ‫ޑ‬΋ਥǴ‫( ؃‬α + 2)(α − 5)(α − 3)(α + 4) ϐॶ>

ှǺ

ஒ x = α жΕ α 2 − α − 1 = 0
∴α 2 − α = 1
(α + 2)(α − 5)(α − 3)(α + 4)
= (α + 2)(α − 3)(α − 5)(α + 4)
= (α 2 − α − 6)(α 2 − α − 20)
= (1 − 6)(1 − 20)
= 95

7/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 54 x + k = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥ֡ࣁ፦ኧǴ߾ k ϐॶӅԖ

ঁǶ

ှǺ

೛‫ٿ‬ਥࣁ α , β

߾ ( x − α )( x − β ) = 0
x 2 − (α + β ) x + αβ = 0

‫ ޕ‬α + β = 54 ǴЪ α , β ֡ࣁ፦ኧ

!!!!65>8,58

>22,54

!!!!!!>24,52

!!!!!!>28,48

!!!!!!>34,42

ࡺ k = 7 ⋅ 47,11 ⋅ 43,13 ⋅ 41,17 ⋅ 37,23 ⋅ 31 Ӆ 6 ঁ

3-299
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏ઠ

྽΋ԛ໨߯ኧࢂଽኧਔǴϦԄёӆᙁϯ

2/ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 Ǵ a ≠ 0 Δ b ࣁଽኧ

ှǺ з b = 2k
D = (2k ) 2 − 4 ⋅ ac
= 4 ⋅ (k 2 − ac)
− b ± 4 ⋅ (k 2 − ac)
∴x =
2a
− 2k ± 2 k 2 − ac
=
2a
2(−k ± k 2 − ac )
=
2a
− k ± k 2 − ac b
= !!!)з D ′ = k 2 − ac = ( ) 2 − ac *
a 2

೭ኬ଺Ǵё෧Ͽीᆉၸำ

3/ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 3x 2 − 4 x − 5 = 0

ှǺ D' = 4 + 15 = 19

2 ± 19
x=
3

3-300
4/ ှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ 5 x 2 + 6 x − 3 = 0

ှǺ D ' = 9 − 4 ⋅ (−15) = 69

− 3 ± 69
x=
5

ऩ1 − 2 ࢂ x 2 + px + 1 = 0 ‫ޑ‬΋ਥ߾ќ΋ਥࣁ1 + 2 ǴόѸᆉё‫ޔ‬ௗ

− 2b ± (b 2 − 4ac)
ቪเǼӢࣁ x = ⇒ ‫ٿ‬ਥѝԖਥဦ߻‫ޑ‬಄ဦ࣬౦ǴԜ
2a

ᚒϼᙁൂΑ""

଺‫ࢂݤ‬ց҅ዴǻǴ२Ӄஒ x = 1 − 2 жΕ

(1 − 2 ) 2 + p (1 − 2 ) + 1 = 0

1 − 2 2 + 2 + 1 + (1 − 2 ) p = 0

4 − 2 2 = ( 2 − 1) p

4−2 2
p=
2 −1

(4 − 2 2 )( 2 + 1)
∴p=
( 2 − 1)( 2 + 1)

ளp=2 2

ќ΋ਥࢂցࣁ 1 + 2 ǻ

3-301
 ှ‫ ݤ‬2ǺΜӷҬ४‫ݤ‬

x 2 + 2 2x + 1 = 0

( x + 2 − 1)( x − 2 + 1) = 0

x = 1 − 2 Ǵ1 + 2

‫܌‬аќ΋ਥࣁ 1 + 2

ှ‫ ݤ‬3Ǻ x 2 + 2 2 x = −1

ȐଛБ‫ݤ‬ȑ x 2 + 2 2x + 2 = 2 − 1

( x + 2 ) 2 = 1 = (±1) 2

x + 2 = ±1
x = − 2 ±1

‫܌‬аќ΋ਥࣁ − 1 − 2

ှ‫ ݤ‬4Ǻ b 2 − 4ac = (2 2 ) 2 − 4 = 4

−2 2 ± 4
ȐϦԄှȑ x =
2
−2 2 ±2
=
2
= − 2 ±1

ࡺќ΋ਥࣁ − 1 − 2

‫࡛@܁ڻ‬ሶ཮೭ኬ‫ۭډ@ګ‬ব΋ঁωࢂ҅ዴ‫ޑ‬ǻ

ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 a ≠ 0 ǴЪ a ǵ b ǵ c ֡ࣁԖ౛ኧǴ

߾‫ٿ‬ਥѸࣁ d + e ᆶ d − e

3-302
ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 Ǵa ≠ 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥࣁ d + e ᆶ d − e ‫ځ‬ύ d

ᆶ e ࣁԖ౛ኧǴ e ≥ 0 Ǵ߾ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 ѸࣁԖ౛߯ኧБำԄ)ջ a, b, c ࣁ

Ԗ౛ኧ*

QgǺԾ᛾

ϸϐऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ax 2 + bx + c = 0 Ǵ a ≠ 0 Ǵ a, b, c ࣁԖ౛ኧǴ߾‫ٿ‬ਥ

ࣁd + e ᆶd − e

QgǺԾ᛾

ግಞ 2.2Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ13x 2 − 7 x + 1 = 0

ግಞ 2.3Ǻှ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ − 6 x 2 + 4 x − 3 = 0

3-303
ှเጇǺ

QBSU!JǺЬᚒ௖઩୔

1± 5 3 3
ግಞ 3.2 x = ግಞ 3.3 x = ,
2 2 2
1 ± 141 −2± 7
ግಞ 3.4 x = ግಞ 3.5 x =
10 3

ግಞ 4.2 ( D = −3 < 0), x คှ ግಞ 3.3 ( D = −56 < 0), x คှ

ግಞ 6.2 ± 20 ግಞ 6.3 :

ግಞ 6.4 ± 3

QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
4 1
)2*!B!!)3*!C!)4*! 3,− !!!!)5* ,−3 !)6*!คჴਥ
5 2
1 ± 22 3 − 13 − 5 ± 69
)7*! !)8*! !)9*!!
3 2 2

QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏ઠ

ግಞ 2.2 ( D = −3 < 0), x คှ ግಞ 2.3 ( D = −56 < 0), x คှ

ግಞ 6.2 ± 20

ግಞ 6.3:

ግಞ 6.4 ± 9

3-304
 7.5!ᔈҔୢᚒ
QBSU!2ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื
य़ᑈୢᚒ ;

ጄ‫ ٯ‬2ǺߏБ‫׎‬βӦǴѝ‫ߏޕ‬Кቨӭ 6 ϦЁǴय़ᑈࣁ 47 ѳБϦЁǴ

‫ࢂߏڬ؃‬ӭϿϦЁǻ

ှǺ
೛ቨࣁ x ϦЁ
x ⋅ ( x + 5) = 36
x 2 + 5 x − 36 = 0
( x − 4) ⋅ ( x + 9) = 0
x = 4, x = −9 !)όӝǴӢࣁߏࡋؒԖॄ‫*ޑ‬
‫( = ߏڬ‬4 + 9) ⋅ 2 = 26

BotǺ37 ϦЁ

ࡘԵǺࣁՖเਢ཮р౜.:ǻ
Ӣࣁ (−4) ⋅ (−9) = 36 Ǵჹ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 + 5 x − 36 = 0 ٰ
ᇥǴѸԖ‫ঁٿ‬ှǶѝࢂ.: ϦЁόӝჴሞғࢲǴ‫܌‬аᔈ௭
కǶ

3-305
ጄ‫ ٯ‬3Ǻ΋ఊ‫׎‬βӦǴΠۭКଯӭ 3 ϦЁǴଯΞК΢ۭӭ 3 ϦЁǴऩ
य़ᑈࣁ 5: ѳБϦЁǴ‫؃‬ଯࣁӭϿϦЁǻ

ှǺ
೛΢ۭࣁ x ϦЁ
߾ଯࣁȐ x + 2 ȑϦЁ
ΠۭࣁȐ x + 4 ȑϦЁ
( x + x + 4) ⋅ ( x + 2)
= 49
2
2( x + 2) ⋅ ( x + 2)
= 49
2
( x + 2) 2 = 49 = (±7) 2
∴ x + 2 = ±7
x = −2 ± 7
x = 5,−9 )όӝ*
ଯࣁ 6,3>8
BotǺ8 ϦЁ

ጄ‫ ٯ‬4 ǺԖ΋ߏБ‫׎‬Ϧ༜Ǵߏ 71 ϦЁǴቨ 57 ϦЁǴӧϣ೽ᎎ೛฻

ቨ‫وޑ‬ၰǴ࿶ෳໆ‫ޕ‬ၰǴഭΠ૛Ҝय़ᑈࣁ 3562 ѳБϦЁǴ
‫؃‬ၡቨ>ǻ
ှǺ೛ၡቨࣁ x ϦЁ
(60 − x)(46 − x) = 2451

2760 − 106 x + x 2 = 2451

x 2 − 106 x + 309 = 0

( x − 3)( x − 103) = 0

∴ x = 3 ‫ ∴ ܈‬x = 103 )όӝ*!!

BotǺ4 ϦЁ

3-306
ጄ‫ ٯ‬5Ǻஒ҅Ο‫ޑ׎ف‬΋ᜐߏᡂࣁচٰ 3 ७Ǵќ΋ᜐ෧Ͽ 2 ϦЁǴಃ

Οᜐ४ 4 ७ӆ෧ 6 ϦЁǴᡂԋ‫فޔ‬Ο‫ޑ׎ف‬௹ᜐǴ

߾)2*೛҅Ο‫׎ف‬ᜐߏࣁ x ϦЁ
߾‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬Οᜐߏϩձࣁ!3 xǴ Ǵ !)௹ᜐ*
!!!!!!!)3*٩ϭި‫ۓ‬౛‫ޕ‬Ǻ‫ިٿ‬ѳБ‫>ک‬௹ᜐѳБ

ёӈԄ) *2 , ) *2 > ) *2

!!!!!!!)4*‫فޔ؃‬Ο‫׎ف‬य़ᑈ> ѳБϦЁ

ှǺ
)2*!3 x Ǵ x − 1 Ǵ 3x − 5
!!!!!)3* (2 x) 2 + ( x − 1) 2 = (3 x − 5) 2

4 x 2 + x 2 − 2 x + 1 = 9 x 2 − 30 x + 25

4 x 2 − 28 x + 24 = 0

x2 − 7x + 6 = 0

( x − 1)( x − 6) = 0

∴ x = 1, x = 6

!!!!!!!!!) x = 1 όӝQ ٬ x − 1 = 0 *
!!!!!)4*‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ϐᜐߏࣁ 23-6-24
12 ⋅ 5
य़ᑈ = = 30
2

3-307
ጄ‫ ٯ‬6Ǻ଎ጋ‫ޑ‬λཥǴӧᆉࢌኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБਔǴᇤᆉࣁ၀ኧ‫ ޑ‬3 ७Ǵ‫؃܌‬

‫ޑ‬เਢК҅ዴเਢϿ 786Ǵ߾ࢌኧࣁӭϿǻ

ှǺ೛ࢌኧࣁ x

2 x = x 2 − 675

x 2 − 2 x + 1 = 676

( x − 1) 2 = 676 = (±26) 2

x − 1 = ±26

x = 1 ± 26

x = 27,−25

BotǺ 27‫ ܈‬− 25

ግಞ 6Ǻёང‫ޑ‬λဗǴӧीᆉࢌኧ‫ ޑ‬3 ७ӆѳБਔǴᇤᆉԋࢌኧ‫ޑ‬ѳ

Бӆ 3 ७Ǵ่݀ᆉр‫ޑ‬เਢК҅ዴเਢϿ :9Ǵ၂‫ࢌ؃‬ኧࣁ
ӭϿǻ

3-308
ጄ‫ ٯ‬7Ǻς‫ ޕ‬AB = 1ǴC ӧ AB ΢ ( AC > BC )

Ъᅈ‫ ى‬AB Ǻ AC = AC Ǻ BC Ǵ߾ᆀ c ᗺࣁ AB ϐȸ໳ߎϩപ

ᗺȹǴፎୢ AC >ǻ

ှǺ
з AC > x Ǵ߾ BC = 1 − x
Ξ AB Ǻ AC = AC Ǻ BC
1 Ǻ x = x Ǻ (1 − x)

x2 = 1− x

x2 + x −1 = 0

−1± 5
٩ϦԄှ x = !!)ॄόӝ*
2

Ȑɭ1/729ȑ

5 −1
BotǺ
2

3-309
ጄ‫ ٯ‬8Ǻऩં‫׎‬Ϫ௞΋҅Б‫׎‬ǴഭΠ‫׎ંޑ‬ᆶচં‫࣬׎‬՟Ǵ߾ᆀԜં

‫ࣁ׎‬໳ߎં‫׎‬Ƕ౜ӧᡣ‫ٰॺך‬ᆉ΋Π໳ߎં‫ޑ׎‬ቨǺߏ‫ޑ‬К
ॶǶ

ှǺ
зં‫ ࣁߏ׎‬lǴቨࣁ wǴ)!l ?!w *
w l−w
٩໳ߎં‫׎‬ೕ‫ۓ‬ =
l w
w l w
= −
l w w
w 1 l 1
з = t Ǵ t = −1 Ȑ = ȑ
l t w t

t2 = 1− t

t 2 + t −1 = 0

−1± 5
∴t = Ȑॄόӝȑɭ1/729
2

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!)!྽ m>2!!߾ xɭ1/729*

ግಞ 8Ǻ΋஭εੇൔરߏ 271 ϦϩǴቨ 223 ϦϩǴϞགྷஒቨ෧Ͽ x Ϧ

ϩǴ٬ளഭΠ‫ੇޑ‬ൔરǴቨǺߏ>6Ǻ9 ௗ߈໳ߎК‫ޑ‬К‫ٯ‬
)1/729*ǴፎୢԿϿा෧௞ӭϿѳБϦϩ‫ޑ‬રǻ

3-310
 QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ

)!!*2/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − 4 x − 1 = 0 ‫҅ޑ‬ਥࣁ k ǴЪ 5 ɭ3/34Ǵ߾

ΠӈՖ‫҅ޣ‬ዴǻ
!!!!!!)B*! 4 < k < 5 !!!!)C* 3 < k < 4
!!!!!!)D* 2 < k < 3 !!!!)E* 0 < k < 2

3/‫فޔ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ΟᜐߏࣁೱុଽኧǴ‫؃‬௹ᜐ΢‫ޑ‬ଯ>

4/λཥϤԃࡕ‫ޑ‬ԃស࡞ࣁѐԃԃស‫ޑ‬ѳБӆуϖྃǴ‫؃‬λཥ౜ԃ
ྃǶ

5/Οೱុଽኧ‫ޑ‬ѳБ‫ ࣁک‬6:7Ǵ‫؃‬ԜΟଽኧࣁ

6/‫҅ٿ‬᏾ኧৡࣁ 31ǴѳБৡࣁ 951Ǵ‫؃‬Ԝ‫ٿ‬ኧࣁ

7/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ (a + 2) x 2 − 2 x − 3 = 0 ԖှǴЪ a ࣁ᏾ኧǴ‫ ؃‬a ϐനλ

ॶ>

8/ऩ b 2 = ac Ǵ߾΋ϡΒԛБำԄ ax 2 − 2bx + c = 0 ‫ޑ‬ှࣁ x =

9/λ҅Б‫׎‬Ϧ༜۳Ѧᑐ 3 ϦЁ‫؁ޑ‬ၰǶς‫؁ޕ‬ၰय़ᑈ
ᆶλ҅Б‫׎‬य़ᑈ࣬฻Ǵ‫؃‬λ҅Б‫׎‬ᜐߏ>
ϦЁǶ

:/ӵѓკǴኧጕ΢ BǴC ‫ٿ‬ᗺ‫܌‬ж߄‫ޑ‬ኧϕࣁ࣬ϸኧǴ

D ӧ C Ѱᜐ x ൂՏߏ‫ޑ‬Տ࿼ǴD ᗺ֤
኱ࣁ 4Ǵ‫ ؃‬AC >

21/ቹӑર C5 ελ࡞ࣁ C6 ‫ ޑ‬3 ७Ǵ)ӵკ*

Ъ‫ٿ‬ᅿર஭ߏᆶቨ‫ޑ‬Кॶ࣬฻Ǵς‫ޕ‬
C5 ‫ ࣁߏޑ‬47dnǴ)೛ߏ?ቨ*
‫)؃‬2*ቨࣁ !dn
!!!!)3*C5 ߏᆶቨ‫ޑ‬Кॶ>

3-311
 QBSU!JJJǺଯЋᝡ‫מ‬൑
2/λऔ‫ߓک‬ዧӕှ x 2 ໨߯ኧࣁ 2 ‫ޑ‬΋ϡΒԛБำԄǴ่݀λऔѝ࣮ᒱ
x ໨߯ኧǴှள x = 3,−4 ǹԶߓዧѝ࣮ᒱதኧ໨Ǵှр x = 3,8 Ǵ

၂‫؃‬Ȑ2ȑ҅ዴБำԄࣁ
Ȑ3ȑ҅ዴ‫ٿ‬ਥ
ှǺ
λऔǺ x = 3,−4
( x − 3)( x + 4) = 0

x 2 + x − 12 = 0 ⇒ ዴ‫ۓ‬தኧ໨Ǻ.23

λዧǺ x = 3,8
( x − 3)( x − 8) = 0

x 2 − 11x + 24 = 0 ⇒ ዴ‫ ۓ‬x ໨Ǻ − 11x

҅ዴБำԄࣁ x 2 − 11x − 12 = 0 ձ‫ב‬Αቪȸ> 1ȹ

( x + 1)( x − 12) = 0

x = −1,12

BotǺ)2* x 2 − 11x − 12 = 0
!!!!!)3* x = −1,12

3-312
3/ऩ x 2 + x − 1 = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥࣁ a, b Ǵ‫ ؃‬a + b =
ှǺ
−1± 5 −1+ 5 −1− 5
җϦԄှ x = Ǵ‫ٿ‬ਥ ,
2 2 2
−1+ 5 −1− 5
a+b = +
2 2

−1+ 5 1+ 5
= +
2 2
2 5
=
2
= 5
BotǺ 5

4ǵӵკǴ‫ޔ‬ጕ M ΢Ԗ B ᗺ֤኱
(4t + 2,5t ) Ǵӧಃ΋ຝज़ϣǴ c ࢂ M
ᆶ x ືҬᗺǴऩ ΔABC य़ᑈࣁ 21 ѳ
БൂՏǴ‫ ؃‬t ϐॶࣁՖǻ
ှǺ
c ᗺ y ֤኱>1
∴ 5t = 0, t = 0
ள 4t + 2 = 2
ࡺ c(2,0)
AB = 5t
BC = 4t + 2 − 2 = 4t
1
⋅ AB ⋅ BC = 10
2
1
⋅ 4t ⋅ 5t = 10
2
∴t 2 = 1
t = ±1 Ȑॄόӝȑ
BotǺ2

3-313
5/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − kx + 14 = 0 ‫ٿޑ‬ਥ֡ࣁ᏾ኧǴ߾ k ‫܌‬Ԗёૈॶ>
ှǺ
٩ΜӷҬ४‫ ݤ‬14 = 1 ⋅ 14 = (−1) ⋅ (−14) = 2 ⋅ 7 = (−2) ⋅ (−7)

k = ±15

k = ±9
∴ k = ±9,±15
BotǺ ± 9,±15

6/ऩ΋ϡΒԛБำԄ x 2 − x + t = 0Ȑ t ࣁ᏾ኧȑ‫ٿޑ‬ਥ֡ࣁ᏾ኧǴ߾ t ё
ૈॶԖ ঁ
ှǺ

ёϩԋ

t = −2 t = −6 t = −12
Ԗคज़ӭᅿёૈ
∴ t ёૈԖคज़ӭঁ
BotǺ t ёૈԖคज़ӭঁ

3-314
 QBSU!JWǺၗྍံ๏৤
ё࡫ԋં‫׎‬༏@

΋ં‫׎‬βӦ BCDEǴவϣ໒៘฻ቨ‫ٿ‬ၰၡǴፎୢ
ഭΠ‫ޑ‬Ѥ༧Ǵૈց࡫ԋ΋ߏБ‫@׎‬

เਢ#ό΋‫ۓ‬#

ύ໔Ԗ‫ࢰޜ‬

ନߚǴԿϿԖ΋చၰၡѳՉߏ‫܈‬ቨǴഭΠ‫ޑ‬Ѥ༧ωૈ࡫ԋќ΋ঁં‫׎‬Ƕ

2/҅ϖ‫׎ࢃف‬ύǴ ΔPAE = 1
‫؃‬Ԝ҅ϖ‫ޑ׎ف‬य़ᑈ>

ှǺ
5 −1
PA : AB = 1 :
2
5 −1
Ξ ΔPAE : ΔBAE = 1 : !)Ӣࣁӕଯ*
2
5 −1
‫ = ؃܌‬6 ⋅ 1 + 2 ⋅
2
= 5+ 5
BotǺ 5 + 5

3-315
 5 −1
3/ऩ x = Ǵ߾ x 4 + x 3 + 2 x + 1 ϐॶ>
2
ှǺ
5 −1
x=
2
2x = 5 − 1
2 x + 1 = 5 ǾǾǾǾǾ)2*
(2 x + 1) 2 = ( 5 ) 2
4x 2 + 4x + 1 = 5
x 2 + x = 1 ǾǾǾǾǾǾ)3*
җ)2*)3*‫ޕ‬
x 4 + x3 + 2x + 1
= x 2 ( x 2 + x) + 5
= x2 + 5
5 −1 2
=( ) + 5
2
6−2 5
= + 5
4
3+ 5
=
2
3+ 5
BotǺ
2

3-316
 ‫ک‬ύᏢғፋ໳ߎК‫ٯ‬

வᆛၡཛྷ൨ȹ໳ߎК‫ٯ‬ȹр౜നӭ‫ޑ‬ᆛઠഖࢂ‫ک‬ȹ݅‫࣓ד‬ȹǵȹ
෧‫ޥ‬ȹ࣬ᜢ‫ޑ‬ЬᚒǴᡣ‫ॺך‬όளόӆख़ཥቩຎȹ໳ߎК‫ٯ‬ȹჹ౜жΓ
‫ޑ‬ϣ఼ᆶ߻Γӧ᛬ೌ΢‫ޑ‬ཀကբ΋КၨǶ

Ֆᒏ໳ߎК‫ٯ‬

‫ע‬΋ጕࢤϩԋ‫ࢤٿ‬Ǵ٬‫ځ‬ύၨε‫ޑ‬΋ࢤࢂচጕࢤᆶၨλጕࢤ‫ޑ‬К
‫ٯ‬ύ໨Ǵ൩ћբȹ‫ע‬೭ጕࢤ໳ߎϩപȹȐHpmefo!tfdujpoȑǶ

ӵკǴз AB = 1 ǵ AT = x
1 x
߾ BT = 1 − x Ǵऩᅈ‫= ى‬ Ǵ߾ᆀ U ᗺࣁ AB ϐ໳ߎϩപᗺ
x 1− x

−1± 5
ှள x = Ȑॄόӝȑ
2
= 0.618033989 ‫߈ڗ‬՟ॶ
1/729!!)!ps!1/73!*

ԜКॶȐջ 1/729ȑӧѦ୯ᆀࣁύѦКǵύ҃Кǵ໳ߎКǵ໳ߎ
౗Ǵђжύ୯ᆀࣁȹ۰ϩപȹǶ

Զȹ໳ߎϩപȹԜऍӜǴᏵᇥࢂኻࢪЎ᛬ൺᑫਔයǴҗကεճ᛬
ೌৎၲЎՋ‫߷܌‬΢‫ޑ‬Ƕ

‫ځ‬ჴ‫׷ي‬Ⴝ‫ۆۆ࣓ד‬΋૓ԋ໳ߎК‫ޑٯ‬ǴჹܿБΓٰᇥࡐϿΓ಄
ӝǶѬࢂՋБΓ‫ޑ‬К‫ٯ‬೸ၸε౲໺ኞ‫ޑ‬Κໆமуӧζ‫ي܄‬΢‫ޑ‬ᆙ⢪
‫ڣ‬Ǵ্ளࡐӭζ‫܄‬ӕझࣁၲԜҞ኱ԶȹԾसȹǴՖѸ‫ګ‬ǻՖ‫׷يݩ‬ԭ
ϩϐΖΜϖࢂҗᒪ໺௓‫ޑڋ‬ǴаΠࢂ΋߾ࣁঅ҅Ѧᢀၲ‫ډ‬໳ߎК‫ޑٯ‬
‫ٯ‬ηǴፎӚՏӕᏢբբ࣮Ǻ

3-317
 ‫ۓ‬က΢ъ‫غࢂي‬ᙏ‫ډ‬ᓐഗ‫ࡋߏޑ‬ǴΠъ‫غࢂي‬ᙏ
‫ډ‬ဌۭȐᎠۭȑ‫ࡋߏޑ‬Ƕ྽΢ъ‫ي‬ǺΠъ‫ي‬ϐКॶࣁ
1/73!!ਔǴᆀࣁȹ໳ߎ‫׷ي‬ȹǶ Ϟߓ‫يک‬ଯ!!279!!
dnǴΠъ‫ ي‬211!dnǴ߾ᔈऀ Ϧ
ϩ‫ޑ‬ଯၟᎠǴωૈ ᡣѦᢀ࣮ଆٰࢂȹ໳ߎ‫׷ي‬ȹǶ Ȑ٩
Ѥ௭ϖΕ‫ݤ‬Ǵ‫ډڗ‬᏾ኧՏȑ

tpmǺзᎠଯࣁ!y!Ϧϩ
168 − 100
߾ = 0.62
100 + x
68 = 62 + 0.62 x
ள y!ɭ!:/7!ɭ!21!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!BotǺ21!dn

໳ߎК‫ࡽٯ‬ฅ೭ሶઓǼٗሶࡐӭ٣‫ߡނ‬གྷᆶѬ‫ݠ‬΢ᜐǴаගଯ
ሽǴϕ௙‫ࢂ่݀ޑ‬ᡣ 1/729 ‫׳‬೏ઓ਱ϯǶᖐ‫ٯ‬ᇥܴ৻η‫ޑ‬஭‫ف‬ᔈࢂӭ
Ͽࡋǻω཮࣮ଆٰനȹऍȹǶ

৻η஭໒‫ ࡋفޑ‬θ ° ᆶ 360° − θ ° ‫ޑ‬Кॶࣁ

1/73 ਔǴ࣮ଆٰന໩౳Ǵፎᆉр θ ° >!!
ࡋȐ٩Ѥ௭ϖΕ‫ݤ‬Ǵ‫ډڗ‬᏾ኧՏȑ

θ
tpm!Ǻ = 0.62
360 − θ
θ = 223.2 − 0.62θ
1.62θ = 223.2
θ = 137.7
‫ ڗ‬θ ɭ249

3-318
ដᒮՉ৖Ңដᒮ٩໺಍ஒਔ໔ፓӧΜᗺΜϩǴԖ
Γᇥ೭ኬ࣮ଆٰКၨႽ໳ߎКǴԖΓᇥႽയճȹW
ȹ‫܈‬ȹ༾ઢȹΨԖΓᇥΜӄΜऍǶόᆅ࡛ኬǴፎ
ᆉр‫ٿ‬ଞ֨‫ف‬ӭϿࡋ

Bot!Ǻ !!226ʨ

ೱШࣚԖӜ‫ࡌޑ‬ᑐΨ٩ྣȹઓ‫ޑ‬К‫ٯ‬ȹٰᇂǴӵѠчᕴ಍۬Ǵষ
Ϸߎӷ༣Ǵ‫ݤ‬୯‫ޑ‬ЃᎿ៓༣Ǵम୯‫ޑ‬қߎᅇ৐ǴӑࡋੀৃഊǴ‫׆‬ᛪ໡
‫ڂ‬ઓ྅ǾǴ๏Γॺ΋ᅿᛙख़‫ک‬ᒋ‫ޑ‬ག᝺Ƕ

໳ߎં‫׎‬

ऩં‫׎‬Ϫ௞΋҅Б‫׎‬ǴഭΠ‫׎ંޑ‬ᆶচં‫࣬׎‬՟Ǵ߾ᆀԜં‫ࣁ׎‬
໳ߎં‫׎‬Ƕ౜ӧᡣ‫ٰॺך‬ᆉ΋Π໳ߎં‫ޑ׎‬ቨǺߏ‫ޑ‬КॶǶ

3-319
ં‫ ࣁߏ׎‬mǴቨࣁ xǴз!)!m!?!x!*
w l−w
٩໳ߎં‫׎‬ೕ‫ۓ‬ =
l w

w l w
= −
l w w
w 1
з = t Ǵ t = −1
l t
2
t = 1− t
t 2 + t −1 = 0
−1± 5
∴t = Ȑॄόӝȑɭ1/729
2
!!!!!!!!!!!!!)!྽ m>2!!߾ xɭ1/729*

໳ߎં‫ืޑ׎‬Њӧ౛ፕ΢ᔈ၀ന‫ڙ‬දᛥε౲‫܌‬഻ངǴՠቺ୯ԖՏ
௲௤ǴฝрόӕК‫ืޑٯ‬ЊǴᡣεᏢғ౻ᒧന഻៿‫ރ׎ޑ‬Ǵ่݀ၨಒ
ߏࠠ‫ืޑ‬Њ௨ಃ΋ӜǴ໳ߎં‫׎‬Ӝӈ٥ैǼёૈ‫ڙ‬౜ж᛬ೌ‫ޑ‬ቹៜǴ
ԃᇸΓၨངȹԖࠠȹ‫ޑ‬٣‫ނ‬Ǽ

ኻԀЎ᛬ൺᑫਔ໔Ǵ೚ӭ଻ε‫ޑ‬ᓁ༟ࠔǴΨ೿٩໳ߎК‫ٯ‬ബբǴ
ӵεፁᓁႽǴඵችζઓ໡‫ڂ‬িǴϼ໚ઓߓ‫ݢ‬ᛥ Ǵ೭٤ᓁႽѦᢀ൳Я
ೀೀ٩ྣ໳ߎКǶ

᠋ᇥΓᜪ‫ูٽޑ‬٢УኧҞǴᆶԋԃΓ‫ࡡޑ‬УኧҞϐКΨࢂ໳ߎ
КǴᡣ‫ٰॺך‬ᆉ΋ΠǼ

ς‫ޕ‬ԋԃΓ㚌Уኧࣁ 43 ᗭȐ֖ඵᏁȑǴԶ‫ޑูٽ‬٢УኧҞǺԋ
ԃΓ‫ޑ‬㚌Уኧ!>!1/729Ǵ‫؃‬٢УӅ ᗭ

tpmǺ೛٢УӅ y ᗭ
x
= 0.618 ∴ yɨ 32 ⋅ 0.618
32
ɨ2:/887
ɭ31

3-320
 ነϺεኴӧ໳ߎϩപᗺуచဈ஥Ǵ཮٬᏾ঁεኴ࣮ଆٰ‫׳‬ᡉр໡
ጏύ஥ᗺࢲዃǴᐱୠᄺЋઠӧᆸѠ‫ޑ‬໳ߎϩപᗺ๏Γག᝺ന፾‫ە‬Ǵॣ
ៜਏ݀ΨࢂനӳȐ‫ځ‬ჴઠӧӅሳᗺ‫׳‬ӳȑǴ‫ྣܡ‬ТਔǴ٩໳ߎКթֽǴ
᠋ᇥന৒ܰளዛǻǻ

໳ߎΟ‫׎ف‬

ഗ‫ ࣁف‬47ʨ‫ޑ‬฻ဈΟ‫׎ف‬Ǵ‫فۭٿځ‬ёᆉр֡ 83ʨǴፎᆉрۭ
ᜐᆶဈߏϐКॶǴ཮ό཮Ξࢂ໳ߎКǻ

฻ဈɆBCDǴഗ‫ف‬ɸB!>!47ʨǴз AB = AC = 1 Ǵ‫؃‬
BC = !!!!!/!!

tpmǺբɸC ѳϩጕ BD Ҭ AC ‫ ܭ‬E ᗺ

߾ ɆCDE!!ɆBCD!)!BB!*
ЪɆBCE ࣁ฻ဈΟ‫׎ف‬
з BD = x Ǵ߾ BC Ǵ AD ֡ࣁ yǴ CD = 1 − x
٩࣬՟‫׎‬ჹᔈᜐԋК‫ٯ‬
AB : BC = BC : CD
1 : x = x : (1 − x)
x2 + x −1 = 0
−1± 5
җϦԄှ x = Ȑॄόӝȑ
2

‫ځ‬ჴ҅ϖᜐ‫׎‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕ‫׎܌‬ԋ‫ޑ‬ϖ‫ࢃف‬ύǴೀೀ
−1+ 5
Ӹӧ๱ȹ໳ߎК ȹ
2

QTǺԜϖ‫ࢂ׎ࢃف‬౥МᏢࢴ‫ޑ‬ຝቻᔇകǴж߄ȹ଼
நȹ

3-321
ӕᏢգ཮ճҔЁೕբკǴ
ӕᏢգ཮ճҔЁೕբკǴբ΋҅ϖᜐ‫׎‬༏
բ΋҅ϖᜐ‫׎‬༏ǻ
ᜐ‫׎‬༏ǻ
Ӄᇥђжύ୯ࢂӵՖբȹࡐႽ҅ϖᜐ‫ޑ׎‬ϖ
ᜐ‫׎‬ȹα೘ࢂȨΐϖഗϖΐǴΖϖϩ‫ٿ‬ᜐȩǴБ
‫ࢂݤ‬Ӄቪ΋ঁγεϻ‫ޑ‬ȹγȹǴК‫ٯ‬ӵѓკ‫܌‬
ҢǴӆ٩‫ׇ‬ೱԋȹ҅ϖᜐ‫׎‬ȹǶ

ࡐᒪᏬ‫ޑ‬Ѭόࢂ΋ঁ੿҅‫҅ޑ‬ϖᜐ‫׎‬Ȑՠς࿶ߚதௗ߈ȑǴΠय़
‫཮ॺך‬௲գӵՖճҔ໳ߎΟ‫ٰ׎ف‬ЁೕբკǴฝр҅ϖ‫׎ف‬Ƕ

1+ 5
Ș೘șճҔ҅ϖᜐ‫ ׎‬ჹ‫ف‬ጕǺᜐߏ ‫ޑ‬Кॶ Ǵऩᜐߏࣁ AB = 1 Ǵ
2
1+ 5
аЁೕբკբ AD = ߡёǶ
2

Șς‫ޕ‬ș AB = 1
Ș‫؃‬բșǺ‫؃‬բ҅ϖᜐ‫!!׎‬BCDEF
բ‫ݤ‬Ǻ
2/ ‫ ڗ‬AB ύᗺ O
3/ ၸ B բ‫ޔ‬ጕ L ⊥ AB Ǵӧ L ΢‫ ڗ‬BP = 1
4/ а O ࣁ༝ЈǴ OP ࣁъ৩Ǵฝ΋۱Ҭ AB ‫ۯ‬
ߏጕ‫ ܭ‬K
5/ ϩձа BǵC ࣁ༝ЈǴ AK ࣁъ৩ǴӚฝ΋۱Ҭ‫ ܭ‬E
6/ ϩձа!!BǵCǵE ࣁ༝ЈǴ AB ࣁъ৩ǴӚฝ΋۱Ҭ‫ ܭ‬Dǵ́
7/ ೱ BC ǵ CD ǵ DE ǵ EA
8/ ϖᜐ‫ ׎‬BCDEF ջࣁ‫؃܌‬

1+ 5 −1+ 5
QTǺԖΓᆀ ɭ2/729 ࣁ໳ߎКǴΨԖΓᆀ ɭ1/729 ࣁ໳ߎ
2 2
1 + 5 ( −1 + 5 )
КǴՠ ⋅ = 1 ‫ٿ‬ኧࣁॹኧᜢ‫س‬ǴΨ൩ࢂ 1.618 ⋅ 0.618 ɭ2
2 2

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ӵѓკ‫҅ޑ‬ϖ‫ࢃف‬ύǴૈ‫ډפ‬൳ঁΟ‫׎ف‬ǻ

Tpm!ǺஒӚ೽ϩጓဦ
΋ঁဦዸ‫ޑ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ԖǺ21 ঁ
‫ঁٿ‬ဦዸ‫ޑ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ԖǺ21 ঁ
Οঁဦዸ‫ޑ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ԖǺ21 ঁ
Ѥঁဦዸ‫ޑ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ԖǺ1!!!ঁ
ϖঁဦዸ‫ޑ‬Ο‫׎ف‬ԖǺ6!!!ঁ
10 + 10 + 10 + 0 + 5 = 35 ӅԖ 46 ঁ

ᖱΑ೭ሶӭ໳ߎК‫ޑ‬ȹઓ၉໺‫ڻ‬ȹǴӳႽࢂऍϯ٣‫ޑނ‬៥ೌኧ
ӷǶӵΓᡏᡏྕ 48ʨǴ४а 1/729 ऊࣁ 34ʨࢂᙴࣚᇡ‫ۓ‬Γᡏག᝺ന
๤፾‫ࡋྕޑ‬Ƕՠ‫ঁ؂‬Γᡏ፦όӕǴፔૈߥ᛾΋‫཮ۓ‬፾ӝգǻΞӵર
஭ǵ୯ᄡቨᆶߏ‫ޑ‬КॶΨࡐᜤ‫֍࣬ډפ‬ӝ‫ޑ‬Ǵӆᇥӵ݀ऍೌǵ᛬ೌബ
բ೿ा໳ߎКϯǴٗό൩฻‫ڋܭ‬ԄϯΑǴ೭Ԗᐱ੝‫܄‬ǵӭኬ‫܄‬ё‫ق‬༏ǻ

ᕴϐቩऍᢀࢂࡐঁΓϯǵਔжϯ‫ޑ‬ǴᏱԖԾς‫ݤ࣮ޑ‬٠ૈᇥр഻
ӳ‫ޑ‬౛җǴКଆΥ٣ઓ਱ϯٰ‫ޑ‬ख़ाǶ

3-323
ှเጇǺ
QBSU!2!ǺЬᚒ௖઩ื

ግಞ 6 ± 7 !)ගҢǺ 2 x 2 = (2 x) 2 − 98 *!!!!!!

ግಞ 82:31 cm 2

160 : (112 − x) = 8 : 5

8 ⋅ (112 − x) = 160 ⋅ 5

112 − x = 100

x = 12

12 ⋅ 160 = 1920

QBSU!JJǺᏢಞᔠෳઠ
2/!)B*!!!
24
3/!
5
4/!4!!!
5/!23-25-27 ‫܈‬.27-.25-.23
6/!22-24
7/!.2
b b
8/ ,
a a
9/ 4 + 4 2
15
:/!
2
21/!18 2 , 2

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