Page 1 of 3 OJT REPORT FOR APRIL: 2012 ET XVI BATCH () Emp.

No: Electrical ET XVI batch Palakkad CAO Thru proper Channel :

Submitted to : Sh. V.K. SINGH / Chief Manager (HR)/CC Manager/TLC/Palakkad Ch.Manager/CAO/Palakkad Sr.PO/HR/CC OVERVIEW OF TLC The various stages in Transmission line construction are: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Environmental Consideration Survey Issue of Notices, CCTCs Excavation Foundation Erection of Towers Earthing of Tower Stringing of conductors Testing and Commissioning

Environmental Consideration 1. The route of the transmission line should be aligned in such a way so as to minimize damage to crops and cutting of trees. 2. Special care is to be taken to avoid routing of line through reserved forests. If forest land cannot be avoided, standard extensions should be provided to minimize cutting of trees. Survey The work of Surveying as applied to the transmission lines is divided into following a) b) c) d) Route Alignment Survey Detailed Survey Tower Spotting Check Survey

Issue of Notices,CCTCs 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Issue of Notice to Owners under Telegraph Act 1885/Electricity Act 2003 Copy of Notice to Special Tahsildar by POWERGRID Intimation to owners for inspection by Special Tahsildar Valuation Assessment at site by Special Tahsildar Preparation of Mahzar by Special Tahsildar Mahzar submission to District Collector for inspection. Inspection by District Collector

Page 2 of 3 8. 9. 10. 11. Copy of approved Mahzar to land owner Issue of cutting order by Collector to POWERGRID Cutting and removal of trees by POWERGRID Issue of CCTC by POWERGRID to the land owner.

Excavation 1. After the location marking has been done, the marking of the pits for excavation for the foundation of the location is carried out. 2. The size of the pit, in case of open cut foundations, is worked out by adding 150 mm to the sides of the base pad on all the four sides for allowing working space. No margin is necessary in case of undercut foundations. 3. The excavation pit marking drawing indicates the distance of centers, sides and corners of the pits with reference to the centre point of the tower. 4. The depth of actual excavation at the pit centre is measured with reference to the ground level at the centre of the tower location. 5. While excavating, the earth is cut vertically / tapered / in steps as per the soil conditions at site to avoid any kind of mishap caused by collapsing of the pit sides during the course of excavation and foundation work. Foundation 1. The type of the foundation to be casted at any location depends upon the type of soil, sub soil water level and the presence of surface water. 2. Pyramid type of foundation is used which consists of three parts. The lower part is called the frustum and is the base of the foundation.The middle part is the step box. The upper part is called the chimney which covers the stub angle. Erection of Towers 1. The towers shall be erected on the foundations not less than 10 days after concreting or till such time that the concrete has acquired sufficient strength. 2. Check the correctness of diagonal and level of the stub of the foundation. 3. The erection method consists of erecting the towers member by member. The tower members are first set out and kept on the ground serially according to erection sequence to avoid time loss due to searching for them as and when required. 4. The erection progresses from the bottom upwards Earthing of Tower 1. Each tower shall be earthed after the foundation has been cast. 2. Pipe or Counterpoise type of earthing is employed based on the resistivity of the soil at that particular location. 3. For this purpose earth strip shall be fixed to the stub during concreting of the chimney and taken out horizontally below ground level. 4. Earth strip is provided on Leg A (The leg which is on right hand side in near side transverse face when seen in the direction of the line). 5. The tower footing resistance of the tower is measured before and after earthing. In no case the tower footing resistance shall exceed 10 ohms. Stringing of conductors The various stages in the stringing process are: a) Tower Tightening/Checking b) Insulator Hoisting c) Paying out

Page 3 of 3 d) e) f) g) h) Makeup Rough Sag Final Sag Installation of Spacers, Vibration Dampers Jumpering

Testing and Commissioning 1. Before the line is energized, visual examination of the line is carried out to check that all nuts and bolts are tight and insulators and accessories are in position. 2. The statutory authorities shall be informed before commissioning the lines and their approval obtained in accordance with Indian Electricity Rules, 1956.