GE Multilin F35 Multiple Feeder Protection System 5-123

5 SETTINGS 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS

5
5.6.5 WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT
a) WATTMETRIC ZERO-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL (ANSI 32G)
PATH: SETTINGS GROUPED ELEMENTS SETTING GROUP 1(6) WATTMETRIC... WATTMETRIC GROUND FAULT 1(4)
The wattmetric zero-sequence directional element responds to power derived from zero-sequence voltage and current in a
direction specified by the element characteristic angle. The angle can be set within all four quadrants and the power can be
active or reactive. Therefore, the element may be used to sense either forward or reverse ground faults in either inductive,
capacitive or resistive networks. The inverse time characteristic allows time coordination of elements across the network.
Typical applications include ground fault protection in solidly grounded transmission networks, grounded/ungrounded/resis-
tor-grounded/resonant-grounded distribution networks, or for directionalizing other non-directional ground elements.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 VOLT: The element uses neutral voltage (that is, three times the zero-sequence voltage).
This setting allows selecting between the internally calculated neutral voltage, or externally supplied voltage (broken
delta VT connected to the auxiliary channel bank of the relay). When the latter selection is made, the auxiliary channel
must be identified by the user as a neutral voltage under the VT bank settings. This element will operate only if the aux-
iliary voltage is configured as neutral.
WATTMETRIC
GROUND FAULT 1
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
FUNCTION: Disabled
Range: Disabled, Enabled
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
SOURCE: SRC 1
Range: SRC 1, SRC 2, SRC 3, SRC 4, SRC 5, SRC 6
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
VOLT: Calculated VN
Range: Calculated VN, Measured VX
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
OV PKP: 0.20 pu
Range: 0.02 to 3.00 pu in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
CURR: Calculated IN
Range: Calculated IN, Measured IG
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
OC PKP: 0.060 pu
Range: 0.002 to 30.000 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
OC PKP DEL: 0.20 s
Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
PWR PKP: 0.100 pu
Range: 0.001 to 1.200 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
REF PWR: 0.500 pu
Range: 0.001 to 1.200 pu in steps of 0.001
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
ECA: 0 Lag
Range: 0 to 360 Lag in steps of 1
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
PWR PKP DEL: 0.20 s
Range: 0.00 to 600.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
CURVE: Definite Time
Range: Definite Time, Inverse, FlexCurves A through D
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
MULTIPLIER: 1.00 s
Range: 0.01 to 2.00 s in steps of 0.01
MESSAGE
WATT GND FLT 1 BLK:
Off
Range: FlexLogic operand
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
TARGET: Self-reset
Range: Self-reset, Latched, Disabled
MESSAGE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
EVENTS: Disabled
Range: Disabled, Enabled
5-124 F35 Multiple Feeder Protection System GE Multilin
5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS 5 SETTINGS
5
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OV PKP: This setting specifies the minimum zero sequence voltage supervising the direc-
tional power measurement. This threshold should be higher than possible unbalance during normal operation of the
system. Typically, this setting would be selected at 0.1 to 0.2 pu for the ungrounded or resonant grounded systems,
and at 0.05 to 0.1 pu for solidly or resistor-grounded systems. When using externally supplied voltage via the auxiliary
voltage channel, 1 pu is the nominal voltage of this channel as per VT bank settings. When using internally calculated
neutral voltage, 1 pu is the nominal phase to ground voltage as per the VT bank settings.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURR: The element responds to the neutral current (that is, three times zero-sequence
current), either calculated internally from the phase currents or supplied externally via the ground CT input from more
accurate sources such as the core balanced CT. This setting allows selecting the source of the operating current.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP: This setting specifies the current supervision level for the measurement of the
zero-sequence power.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 OC PKP DEL: This setting specifies delay for the overcurrent portion of this element. The
delay applies to the WATTMETRIC 1 PKP operand driven from the overcurrent condition.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP: This setting specifies the operating point of the element. A value of 1 pu is a
product of the 1 pu voltage as specified for the overvoltage condition of this element, and 1 pu current as specified for
the overcurrent condition of this element.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 REF PWR: This setting is used to calculate the inverse time characteristic delay (defined
by S
ref
in the following equations). A value of 1 pu represents the product of a 1 pu voltage (as specified in the overvolt-
age condition for this element) and a 1 pu current (as specified in the overcurrent condition for this element.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 ECA: This setting adjusts the maximum torque angle of the element. The operating power
is calculated as:
(EQ 5.17)
where * indicates complex conjugate. By varying the element characteristic angle (ECA), the element can be made to
respond to forward or reverse direction in inductive, resistive, or capacitive networks as shown in the Wattmetric char-
acteristic angle response diagram.
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP DEL: This setting defines a definite time delay before the inverse time charac-
teristic is activated. If the curve selection is set as Definite Time, the element would operate after this security time
delay. If the curve selection is Inverse or one of the FlexCurves, the element uses both the definite and inverse time
timers simultaneously. The definite time timer, specified by this setting, is used and when expires it releases the
inverse time timer for operation (torque control).
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE: This setting allows choosing one of three methods to delay operate signal once all
conditions are met to discriminate fault direction.
The Definite Time selection allows for a fixed time delay defined by the WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 PWR PKP DEL setting.
The Inverse selection allows for inverse time characteristics delay defined by the following formula:
(EQ 5.18)
where m is a multiplier defined by the multiplier setting, S
ref
is the multiplier setting, and S
op
is the operating power at
the time. This timer starts after the definite time timer expires.
The four FlexCurves allow for custom user-programmable time characteristics. When working with FlexCurves, the
element uses the operate to pickup ratio, and the multiplier setting is not applied:
(EQ 5.19)
Again, the FlexCurve timer starts after the definite time timer expires.
S_op Re V
n
I
n
1 ECA Z ( )
-
( ) =
t m
S
ref
S
op
---------- =
t FlexCurve
S
op
S
ref
----------
\ .
| |
=
GE Multilin F35 Multiple Feeder Protection System 5-125
5 SETTINGS 5.6 GROUPED ELEMENTS
5
Figure 553: WATTMETRIC CHARACTERISTIC ANGLE RESPONSE
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 MULTIPLIER: This setting is applicable if WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1 CURVE above is selected
to Inverse and defines the multiplier factor for the inverse time delay.
Figure 554: WATTMETRIC ZERO-SEQUENCE DIRECTIONAL LOGIC
FORWARD FAULT REVERSE FAULT
V
n
I
n
ECA = 180 to 270
V
n
I
n
ECA = 0 to 90
V
n
I
n
ECA = 180
V
n
I
n
ECA = 0
V
n
I
n
ECA = 90 to 180
V
n
I
n
ECA = 270 to 360
I
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
E
N
E
T
W
O
R
K
R
E
S
I
S
T
I
V
E
N
E
T
W
O
R
K
C
A
P
A
C
I
T
I
I
V
E
N
E
T
W
O
R
K
837804A1.CDR
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT
1 FUNCTION:
Enabled = 1
A
N
D
WATT GND FLT 1 BLK:
Off = 0
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
SOURCE:
Neutral, In Ground, Ig
Neutral, Vn Auxiliary, Vx
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
CURRENT:
Calculated: Measured:
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
VOLTAGE:
Calculated: Measured:
SETTING
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
ECA:
S = V*conj (I*exp(-j*ECA))
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
OC PICKUP:
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
OV PICKUP:
S
OP
> PWR PICKUP
I > OC PICKUP
MAG
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
PWR PICKUP:
V > OV PICKUP
MAG
t
PKP
0
SETTING
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
1 PWR PKP DEL:
SETTINGS
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
REF PWR:
RUN
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
MULTIPLIER:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
WATTMETRIC 1 OP
A
N
D
A
N
D
t
PKP
0
SETTING
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
OC PKP DEL:
FLEXLOGIC OPERAND
WATTMETRIC 1 PKP
837033A4.CDR
WATTMETRIC GND FLT 1
CURVE:
OP
REF
S
S
m t =