Max 1 pm Buccal

st

Max 2 pm

nd

Mndb 1 pm

st

Mndb 2 pm

nd

Canine>1 pm>2 pm
st

nd

Tip distal to midline Sloping cusp ridges: -M - long & straight -D - short & convex Outline: -D straight and higher HOC Overhanging MO &DO 3 lobes MB & DB depressions &labial ridge CL :slight convexity toward root apex Root : conical similar to that of canine but smaller Lingual

Similar to maxillary st 1 premolar Type traits Smaller in breadth & height MO & DO angles are less prominent Buccal ridge & depressions are seldom seen

Long pointed buccal cusp Mesial cusp ridge is shorter Cusp tip is a little mesial to midline HOCs are at the same level just occlusal to the halfway of the crown M & D outlines are converging CL is flat MD compared to that of canine Buccal ridge & depressions Root is conical with pointed apex

Similar to st Mandibular 1 premolar

buccal outline visible (TT) tip is mesial midline No protuberances, ridges or depressions Root -2 apices -Interradicular groove

Buccal profile is seldom seen because B & L cusps are identical in dimensions

buccal profile and occlusal surface visible (TT) Occlusal surface, buccal TR and MR tilt lingually & cervically Buccal triangular ridge crosses midportion of occlusal Lingual cusp is a minor in height & pointed cone It may be centric or

MD diameter = that from B aspect (type trait) Occlusal surface cannot be seen (type trait) Occlusal plane is perpendicular to tooth axis 2 lingual cusps (most commonly) -ML major, 2/3 MD diameter, same height as B -DL minor

eccentric in relation with buccal cusp Root is narrower from lingual & blunt Mesial

Lingual groove

Buccal cusp is higher Triangular ridges 45 Mesial Marginal ridge Prominent Mesial marginal groove lingual Buccal : HOC cervical 1/3 Lingual: convex HOC middle 1/3 CL is convex toward occlusal Mesial interradicular groove: cervical 1/3 down to root bifurcation &In line with mesial marginal groove Occlusal table is centered over root trunk (AT) Root: Commonly 2 roots & bifurcate at the junction middle & apical 1/3

B & L cusps are equal in height No mesial marginal groove No concavity in the crown A single root (90%)

Occlusal plane tilted lingually & cervically Transverse ridge that may or may not be separated by central groove ML groove: MR with ML cusp ridge (type trait) Buccal profile shows highly lingual inclination Lingual profile is straight & then convex up to the cusp tip Tip of lingual cusp is in line with Long axis of the root Lingual HOC within occlusal 1/3 M contact area is in line with apex of B cusp Root is broad BL

Triangular ridges of B & ML cusps dont form a continuous crest

Distal

Similar to mesial except More occlusal surface seen

B & L cusps are equal in height A singe root (90%)

D MR is more prominent & less L & C inclined

Both lingual cusps are seen

No marginalgroove No concavity cervical 1/3 Distal interradicular shallow

No DL groove Contact area is more extensive

Occlusal

Hexagonal (TT) Buccal profile: inverted V L profile is strongly convex Sharp MB & DB (TT) Slightly convergent M & D profile (TT) Buccal ridge & depressions are visible Occlusal table : by cusp & marginal ridges lingual cusp : mesial to midline Occlusal aspect: -Triangular ridges -B & L separated by the central groove -Buccal flanked by supplemental grooves on either sides -Central groove terminates M & D in Triangular fossae -Bounded by MR & B/L Triangular ridges -M is larger & deeper -Each fossa contains: A pit and B & L grooves -Mesial MR is shorter & interrupterd by marginal groove

Ovoid rather than hexagonal Less convergence of M & D outlines Because B cusp very nearly = L in MD width More rounded MB & DB corners Apex of L cusp is in the midline Shorter occlusal groove numerous supplemental groove No mesial marginal grooves

Diamond in shape Inverted V shaped B profile M & D profiles converge lingually D profile is more convex L profile is MD length of B profile 2/3 of buccal surface with ridge & depressions are visible Occlusal table is triangular Tip of B cusp is near the midline of the crown ML cusp ridge with MR is straight DL cusp ridge with MR is convex M MR is shorter & less prominent with ML groove M & D fossae, each contains -A pit -A groove extending BL parallel to MR -M contains ML groove running in a ML direction from M pit

Square profile (TT) M & L profiles are parallel > B surface is visible B ridge is less prominent than that st of mandibular 1 premolar (type trait) M & D MRs are equal in length Grooves (Y-shape meet at the central pit) -M separates B & ML triangular ridges runs obliquely -L separates lingual cusps -D separates B & DL triangular ridges M & D triangular fossae each contains -A pit -MB & DB grooves

Pulp

X-section at cervix Kidney shaped and Wide BL BL section 2pulp horns & Buccal is larger MD section Similar canine

Cigar shaped Xsection at cervix Pulp horns of almost equal height( pic wrong ) Usually a single pulp canal

ML section -Similar to that of canine BL section -A large B horn & small L horn X section -Ovoid

BL section -Pulp chamber is wider -Pulp horns are of equal height X section