MATERIAL LISTENING FROM ENGLISH CLUB.

ZODIAC

Aries
Birth date: 21 March 20 April Symbol: The Ram Birthstone: Diamond Element: Fire Ruling planets: Mars Soul mate: Gemini Strengths: independent, optimistic, ambitious Weaknesses: moody, impatient, pushy
Aries is the 1st sign of the zodiac. Aries have a lot of energy. They are strong, athletic, and naturally beautiful. Aries make good friends, because they are honest individuals who are easy to talk to. On the other hand, they can be seen as close-minded. They dont like to compromise. Arians are known for their creative ideas. They set high goals for themselves and arent afraid to take chances. The energy of these risk-takers rubs off on those around them. Dont tell an Arian that he cant do something! Like its symbol the ram, an Arian will push his way to the top no matter what it takes. They can sometimes take things too far and become physically aggressive. On the other hand, they get bored easily, and dont always follow through if things are too easy. They enjoy hunting more than winning.

Wordchecker optimistic (adjective): thinking positively in all situations ambitious (adjective): determined to succeed pushy (adjective): very self-assertive compromise (verb): to settle a difference of opinion by giving and taking rub off (verb): to be transferred to others by contact aggressive (adjective): likely to attack; tending to violence

Taurus
Birth date: 21 April 21 May Symbol: The Bull Birthstone: Emerald Element: Earth

Ruling planets: Venus Soul mate: Capricorn Strengths: patient, practical, determined Weaknesses: jealous, greedy, materialistic
Taurus is the 2nd sign of the zodiac, and the closest sign to earth. Following the law is important to a Taurus. A Taurus will also follow a good leader. Taurus-born people enjoy material possessions. They also love comfort and luxury, such as candlelight dinners and a happy home. Like the bull, a Taurus can be a bit stubborn. This isnt always a negative aspect. They work at a slow and steady pace to achieve their hopes and dreams. A Taurus will shower herself with gifts after achieving a goal. Taurus make good friends as long are you are in a similar social rank. They are calm and collected, but dont push them too far. It can be difficult to calm a Taurus down after an incident. And dont try to change the mind of a Taurus. You wont win! It may surprise you that the bull-headed Taurus enjoys the arts. Many famous singers are born under the Taurus sign. Wordchecker materialistic (adjective): enjoying having and buying things luxury (noun): an expensive item that is not a necessity stubborn (adjective): fixed in ones ways and opinions steady (adjective): self-controlled; balanced calm and collected (adjectives): relaxed and able to take on a challenge incident (noun): something that happened (usually negative) bull-headed (adjective): stubborn; unwilling to change

Gemini
Birth date: 22 May 21 June Symbol: The Twins Birthstone: Agate Element: Air Ruling planets: Mercury Soul mate: Sagittarius Strengths: witty, curious, social Weaknesses: impulsive, nosy, superficial
Gemini is the third sign of the zodiac. Gemini are explorers of the world. They enjoy life most when they have a lot of freedom. Sometimes Gemini forget to look after their bodies. They are so busy exploring that they dont eat or sleep. If you have a question or concern, a Gemini is a good person to go to. They love to give advice, and they have a lot of real-life experience to share. It is difficult for Gemini to concentrate on one thing at a time. They often leave projects unfinished. Gemini are social butterflies; they have many acquaintances, but few close friends. Be yourself when you meet a Gemini for the first

time. Gemini-born people tend to judge others by their first impression. Some people think that Gemini are always happy. Their positive energy makes them fun to be around. Wordchecker witty (adjective): funny impulsive (adjective): acting quickly without thinking nosy (adjective): interested in other peoples private lives concentrate (verb): focus on something social butterfly (noun): a person who loves to talk and be around others acquaintance (noun): a person you know but are not close friends with first impression (noun): how you view or judge someone the 1st time

Cancer
Birth date: 22 June 22 July Symbol: The Crab Birthstone: Ruby Element: Water Ruling planets: Moon Soul mate: Taurus Strengths: protective, loving, cautious Weaknesses: moody, sensitive, possessive
Cancer is the fourth sign of the zodiac. This zodiac sign is represented by the crab. People born under the Cancer sign have a tough outer shell. They are very protective of themselves and their loved ones. On the inside, Cancers are sensitive creatures who care deeply for their loved ones. You can confide in them with your darkest secrets. Despite their devoted nature, Cancers can be tough to get along with. They are known for having mood swings. Just when you think your friend is ready to go to a party, he curls up behind closed doors with a book. Most of the time, Cancers keep very busy and lead successful lives. They are workaholics who prefer to run rather than walk through life. Wordchecker possessive (adjective): controlling; feels a sense of ownership of people protective (adjective): shielding loved ones from harm sensitive (adjective): having strong emotions and feelings confide in (verb): to tell someone something private devoted (adjective): strongly attached to a person or cause mood swing (noun): a sudden change from one state of mind to another workaholic (noun): a person who works all of the time

Leo
Birth date: 23 July 21 August Symbol: The Lion Birthstone: Peridot Element: Fire Ruling planets: Sun Soul mate: Aquarius Strengths: generous, playful, devoted Weaknesses: arrogant, bossy, intolerant
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Leo is the strongest sign of the zodiac. Leos are born leaders and do best in positions of authority. Leos take on leadership roles at home and at work. They make good doctors, lawyers, and politicians. They know how to get what they want in life, and they attack problems head on. As well as having good survival instincts, Leos love to perform. They will do anything to get your attention and love. If you appreciate them, they will look out for you. It is good to have a Leo on your side. Leos have a bad reputation for having big egos. They dont take criticism well, and it is hard for them to admit when they are wrong. Leos become unhappy if they are not in the spotlight.

Wordchecker peridot (noun): light green gemstone devoted (adjective): very passionate about arrogant (adjective): strong feeling of superiority intolerant (adjective): does not accept alternative views or behaviour head on (adverb): directly against an opponent ego (noun): sense of self-importance spotlight (noun): centre of attention

Virgo
Birth date: 22 August 23 September Symbol: The Virgin Birthstone: Sapphire Element: Earth Ruling planets: Mercury Soul mate: Pisces Strengths: intelligent, punctual, detail-oriented Weaknesses: indecisive, picky, nervous

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Virgo is the sixth sign of the zodiac. Virgos are detail-oriented. Some people call them perfectionists. Virgos expect perfection of themselves and others. Dont be surprised if a Virgo tries to change you or your plans. Virgos are highly analytical. At times they seem to live in their own minds. They look calm and collected on the outside, but on the inside they are analyzing everything. Virgos are very health conscious and are often called hypochondriacs. Whenever their health is disrupted, they make a big deal out of it. With so much nervous tension, Virgos often suffer from insomnia. Virgos are students for life. They are interested in many subjects and will learn about a new topic thoroughly before moving on to something else. Virgos make interesting companions and acquaintances.

Wordchecker punctual (adjective): exactly on time; not late, not early detail-oriented (adjective): paying attention to small things indecisive (adjective): unable to make decisions easily health-conscious (adjective): very aware of ones own health and well-being hypochondriac (noun): a person who is always worried about his/her health insomnia (noun): the inability to sleep acquaintance (noun): a person that you know casually

Libra
Birth date: 24 September 23 October Symbol: The Scales Birthstone: Opal Element: Air Ruling planets: Venus Soul mate: Aquarius Strengths: well-balanced, fair, charming Weaknesses: weak, indecisive, careless
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Libra is the 7th sign of the zodiac. Some people say its the best sign to be born under. Unlike the other signs that are represented by living creatures, Libra is represented by the Scales. The Scales symbolize balance, and Libras are well-balanced people who believe in fairness. They are team players in everything they do, and are often the peacekeepers in families or workplaces. At parties and get-togethers, Libras know how to charm people. They are attracted to beautiful people and love socializing. They can also become bored easily. When faced with a tough decision, Libras often sit on the fence. They dont like to blame anyone. Bankers are often Libras

because Libras are good at dealing with money. However, Libras are not good at saying no. Their own finances can suffer because they always say yes to invitations and opportunities.

Wordchecker charming (adjective): good at pleasing or attracting others indecisive (adjective): unable to make up ones mind careless (adjective): not paying enough attention to detail get-together (noun): informal gathering of people sit on the fence (verb): to not come to a decision

Scorpio
Birth date: 24 October 22 November Symbol: The Scorpion Birthstone: Topaz Element: Water Ruling planets: Mars and Pluto Soul mate: Pisces Strengths: observant, powerful, intuitive Weaknesses: possessive, obsessive, dramatic
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Scorpio is the eighth sign of the zodiac. Scorpios are independent people who enjoy their alone time. They are wise and wealthy business people. While they often stay away from the centre of attention, they are watchful of everything that is going on. The eyes of a Scorpio can make other people nervous. It can be difficult for Scorpios to find true love. They have trouble sharing decision-making powers with a partner. Scorpios are also very emotional. They do not forgive people easily and they often invite drama into their lives. Despite their emotional shortfalls, Scorpios are wise souls. From a young age, they seem far more advanced and experienced than their peers. When faced with life challenges, they typically rise up undefeated. For this reason, they make great leaders.

Wordchecker observant (adjective): noticing everything intuitive (adjective): knowing things based on feeling possessive (adjective): having a sense of ownership dramatic (adjective): acting as if one is on stage in a theatre shortfalls (adjective): aspects that do not reach the goal or standard

peer (noun): a person who shares the same age or ststus undefeated (adjective): not beaten

Sagittarius
Birth date: 23 November 22 December Symbol: The Archer and Centaur Birthstone: Turquoise Element: Fire Ruling planets: Jupiter Soul mate: Leo Strengths: honest, optimistic, humorous Weaknesses: irresponsible, restless, superstitious
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Sagittarius is the 9th sign of the zodiac. Sagittarius are intellectual. They are level-headed people who think before they act. They look to many different sources for answers. Sagittarius are free spirits who love to explore. They dont do well in situations when they are stuck in one place for a long time. It is good to have a Sagittarius as a companion because they are always optimistic. Some people say Sags are the friendliest of all zodiac signs. On the other hand, they rarely stick with the same group of friends. They prefer new experiences. It can be difficult to build a deep relationship with a Sagittarius due to their fear of commitment. Some people say that Sags have the Peter Pan syndrome. This means they have difficulty growing up.

Wordchecker Centaur (noun): half man, half beast optimistic (adjective): always believing the best will happen irresponsible (adjective): cannot be trusted; careless superstitious (adjective): believing in the supernatural world over logic commitment (noun): the keeping of a promise or plan

Capricorn
Birth date: 23 December 20 January Symbol: The Goat Birthstone: Garnet Element: Earth

Ruling planets: Saturn Soul mate: Taurus Strengths: practical, ambitious, trustworthy Weaknesses: stubborn, pessimistic, over-cautious
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Capricorn is the 10th sign of the zodiac. Capricorns work hard to achieve success. Like a mountain goat, they keep climbing until they reach the top. They always weigh the pros and cons before making decisions. They are good with finances and rarely fall into debt. It can be difficult for a Capricorn to balance work and play. Capricorns always pitch in when help is needed. They also make sympathetic friends and partners that you can count on. You wont catch a Capricorn breaking a promise. On the other hand, they are cautious people who do not enter relationships easily. It may take a lot of time and effort to find your way into a Capricorns inner circle of friends. Capricorns tend to suffer from low selfesteem. They become easily depressed. Fortunately, they dont like laziness, and will eventually stop sulking and get back to work or play.

Wordchecker ambitious (adjective): determined to succeed pessimistic (adjective): always seeing the negative side weigh the pros and cons (verb): to consider both sides of an issue or choice pitch in (verb): to help someone complete a task sympathetic (adjective): caring about others problems or concerns sulk (verb): to openly display sadness; be bad-tempered

Aquarius
Birth date: 21 January 19 February Symbol: The Water Bearer Birthstone: Amethyst Element: Air Ruling planets: Saturn and Uranus Soul mate: Libra Strengths: well-organized, independent, humanitarian Weaknesses: unpredictable, detached, sarcastic
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Aquarius is the eleventh sign of the zodiac. Aquarians are forward thinkers who often take the road less traveled. They try to do things differently than their peers. This is how they often get ahead of the pack. Aquarians do not like traditions, rituals, or schedules. It can be difficult for an Aquarian to relax. The mind is always working. Aquarians are great communicators. They stay up-to-date with all the modern technology. Dont be surprised if an Aquarian tries to get you to take his side. Aquarians can be very convincing. They are also very inspiring and love a good challenge. No mission is impossible for an Aquarian.

Wordchecker humanitarian (adjective): caring for human needs unpredictable (adjective): behaving in a different way each time ritual (noun): something that you do regularly in a ceremonious way detached (adjective): not closely connected to other people sarcastic (adjective): tending to use irony to mock or show contempt peers (noun): people who share the same age or status

Pisces
Birth date: 20 February 20 March Symbol: The Two Fishes Birthstone: Amethyst Element: Water Ruling planets: Jupiter and Neptune Soul mate: Cancer Strengths: sympathetic, patient, imaginative Weaknesses: shy, impractical, lazy
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Pisces is the last of the zodiac signs. Pisceans are artistic people who enjoy dance, art, and film. The two fishes symbolize their tendency to go with the flow. Those born under the Pisces sign are attracted to luxurious places. They enjoy looking for treasures. Pisceans are often picky eaters. If they have a craving for a certain food, they wont settle for anything else. Many Pisceans have an addiction. They become obsessed with one thing, such as a television series, and can become addicted to it. Some people say that Pisceans tend to live in a dream world. When they are unhappy, they escape to an imaginary place. It is nice to have a Pisces as a friend because she will always listen to your troubles. On the other hand,

she may become so emotionally involved that she takes on your pain. Your problems become more important than hers. In the workplace, Pisces work best alone.

Wordchecker sympathetic (adjective): caring about the feelings of others impractical (adjective): not practical to go with the flow (verb): to do the same as others; to follow along luxurious (adjective): rich and comfortable addiction (noun): a dependency on something such as alcohol or sweets

Passengers Survive Crash Landing in Guyana

Pre-Listening Vocabulary

overshoot: to go too far past a target fractured: broken skid: slide on slippery ground runway: the strip of land that planes take off and land on at an airport Standard Podcast [ 0.01 MB ] Hide Player | Play in Popup | Download

Passengers Survive Crash Landing in Guyana

A passenger plane broke into two after overshooting a wet runway at Guyanas Georgetown airport. All 157 as well as six crew members survived the accident. A few of the passengers suffered injuries. One passenger reported that people had already

fractured limbs, but there were no

cheering for a safe landing when the plan began skidding off the runway. The flight originated from John F. Kennedy International Airport, and had made a stop in Trinidad. The

of the Caribbean Airlines jet had been flying into this airport for 25 years.

Comprehension Questions
1. Why might some people call this a miracle? 2. When do airline passengers cheer? 3. Where did the flight originate from?

Discussion Question: The Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago stated that this crash could cause tourism to decline in the Caribbean. Would this type of accident prevent you from using this airline temporarily?

How Science Works Cloze Game

Complete each sentence with a word from the list: correct discover evolution experiments incorrect repeat support telescope test theory undermine The aim of science is to making observations, or by doing making observations through a experiments in a . journal works laboratory

new facts about the world. Scientists discover new facts by . For example, astronomers discover new facts by , and chemists discover new facts by doing

An idea that explains why something is true, or how something happens, is called a scientific . For example, Charles Darwin created the theory of to explain how all the different species in nature developed over time. Scientists then designed experiments, and made observations, in order to his theory. it. If scientists . But if they

The results of an experiment might support a theory, or they might keep getting results that undermine a theory, they should accept that it is

keep getting results that a theory, they should accept that it is correct. After thousands of experiments and observations that support Darwin's theory of evolution, for example, it is now regarded as being .

Scientists who find new evidence that supports or undermines a theory will publish their results in a scientific . The results will only be accepted as valid if others can observation or experiment and get the same results. This is how science . the

US Credit Rating Downgraded

Pre-Listening Vocabulary

downgrade: to reduce the level strip: to remove quickly tier: a level or layer debt ceiling: the highest amount of money a country is allowed to borrow plunge: to drop suddenly Standard Podcast [ 0.01 MB ] Hide Player | Play in Popup | Download

US Credit Rating Downgraded

Standard and Poor (S & P), one of the main credit-rating agencies in America, stripped the US of its AAA credit rating for the first time in . AAA is the top tier and stands for the best-quality borrowers. In the weeks leading up to the downgrade, the US government spent a month arguing about the countrys debt ceiling. The inability for the parties to work together on the financial issue, caused S & P to downgrade the countrys credit rating to AA+. the announcement, the US markets plunged and economists began talking about another recession. President Barack Obama tried to reassure that the economic

situation in the US would improve, saying will rise and fall, but this is the United States of America. Europes economy is also undergoing a financial crisis. Comprehension Questions 1. Which credit level is below AAA? 2. Why did Barack Obama speak to his people? 3. According to the report, which other part of the world is in a financial crisis? Discussion Question: Does the government owe it to its people to be a good financial role model? Why or why not?

High Profile Judge Murdered in Brazil

Pre-Listening Vocabulary

high-profile: known well publicly corrupt: dishonest for personal gain behind bars: in jail

gang: an organised group that completes violent and illegal acts together hard-line: strict; serious determined: very committed to a goal Standard Podcast [ 0.01 MB ] Hide Player | Play in Popup | Download

High-Profile Judge Murdered in Brazil

A 47-year-old Brazilian judge who was responsible for putting dozens of gang members and corrupt behind bars was murdered on August 12th. Patricia Acioli, a mother of three, had just arrived at her home across the from Rio de Janeiro when her car was shot at more than 16 times by masked men on a pair of motorbikes. Despite receiving several death threats over the years, the highprofile judge did not have police close to 100 judges . An investigation by Brazils Justice Ministry suggests that

are on a most wanted death list . With the World Cup and Olympic

Games coming to Rio in 2014 and 2016, more efforts are being made to drug gangs and violence. Acioli was known as a hard-line judge who was determined to clean up the police force in Brazil.

Comprehension Questions
1. Where was this judge when she was murdered? 2. Why does the report mention Brazils Justice Ministry? 3. What was Patricia Acioli known for?

Discussion Question: When you think of dangerous jobs do you think of judges and lawyers? Now that youve heard this story, do you think high-profile judges should have body guards?

400 Entries Added To 100-Year-Old Dictionary

Pre-Listening Vocabulary

concise: brief but complete inspire: to influence a choice or decision retweet: to repost someones Twitter post cyberbully: a person who attacks or bothers another person repeatedly online woot: a cheer of joy context: the background surrounding a word or event Standard Podcast [ 0.01 MB ] Hide Player | Play in Popup | Download

400 Entries Added to 100-Year-Old Dictionary

400 new entries were added to the 12th edition of the Concise Oxford English

, many of

which were inspired by technology. Additions included retweet, cyberbully, and woot. OED editor, Angus Stevenson, new words gain dictionary status more quickly now thanks to social networking sites. The dictionary turns 100 years old this month. Definitions for the words follower and friend have also changed, with notes on the meaning of these words in a social media

context. A limited edition of the original 1911 edition has been for the anniversary celebration. While many of the new words in the 12th edition are technology based, the word computer did not in the first edition.

Comprehension Questions
1. Why does the report mention the word follower? 2. What did the OED editor say about social networking sites? 3. Why was a reprint made of the original Concise Oxford English Dictionary?

Discussion Question: According to the dictionarys editor, the Internet is reducing the variety of English spoken around the world. Can you explain this phenomenon? Do you think this trend will continue?

How To Go to a Walk-in Clinic

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If you have a medical emergency in an English-speaking country, call 112, 999 or 911 (or the emergency number of the country you are in), or go to a hospital emergency room (ER). The ER may have a very long wait. If your medical problem is less serious, go to a walk-in clinic. Look online or in a phonebook for the closest clinic. Use the search walk-in clinic plus the name of the city you are in. In a phonebook, look under doctor or medical. Check the clinic hours. You dont need an appointment at most clinics. You might want to bring a dictionary or a friend who can translate. Documents to bring If you are a visitor, you will probably be billed for your visit. Bring your papers with you if you have insurance. If you are a student, bring your permit. Do you need to have your prescription refilled? Bring your prescription form or bottle of medication with you.

Reception

Visit the reception desk first. The receptionist will ask you for your name and health card. Tell the receptionist you are an insured visitor or an uninsured visitor. If you are a student, show her your student permit. The receptionist may ask you to fill out a form. She may ask you a few questions:

Do you have a family doctor/GP? (You can tell her your doctors name in your country.) Why do you need to see a doctor today? What is your medical concern? How long have you had this problem/these symptoms? Are you taking any medication? Do you have any allergies?

Waiting Times Many walk-in-clinics will not tell you how long you will have to wait. They may estimate the time for you. Usually you wait in a waiting room until your name is called. Listen carefully. Then you go into a doctors office and wait again. You can try to ask these questions:

How long is the wait? How many doctors are on duty?

Talking to the Doctor

When the doctor comes, he or she will look at the information from the receptionist. The doctor will ask you the reason for your visit:

What brought you in today? Whats your medical concern? How can I help you?

Do your best to explain your (or your childs) symptoms. Use gestures to point at body parts if you cant explain something. Here are some typical symptoms:

I have a sore throat. (She has a sore throat.) I have an earache. I have an infection. I have a bad cough. I have a rash. I feel sick to my stomach. I have a stomach ache. I think I have the stomach flu. I think I have food poisoning. I have been vomiting/throwing up since yesterday. I have a fever. (high temperature) I have chills. Im experiencing pain in/on my _______________ (body part). I fell and hurt my _________________.

I have a bad headache. My _____________ is swollen. I think I am pregnant.

The doctor will ask how long this has been a problem:

How long have you had these symptoms? Have you had this before? Are you in a lot of pain? Are you experiencing a lot of discomfort?

You can answer in two ways: for + amount of time: for five days; for about a week since + day or time it started in the past: since last Tuesday; since this morning The doctor will examine you. The doctor may ask you to remove or loosen your clothing. The doctor will make a suggestion or offer you a prescription. If you dont understand, ask the doctor to repeat. Ask the doctor if he or she needs to see you again.:

Im sorry, Doctor. I dont understand what you said. Should I come in again? When should I come back?

Pharmacy If you require medication, the doctor will write you a prescription. You will have to go to a pharmacy to get your prescription filled. Another word for pharmacy is drugstore. Ask the doctor to write down the address of the closest pharmacy. The person at the pharmacy is the pharmacist. Make sure you understand the dosage. If you are unclear about the dosage, ask the pharmacist to repeat the information.

Can you explain that to me again?

Repeat the dosage back to the pharmacist to be sure that you understand.

So, I need to take 20 millilitres every four hours. Is that correct?

How to Express Condolences

When a person dies it is difficult to know what to say to the bereaved. If English is your second language, it is even harder to comfort a grieving person. We sometimes use a present tense verb when we should use the past. Dont feel bad if you do this. Even native English speakers find this awkward in the early hours and days after a persons passing. It is important to acknowledge the loss in one form or another. Here are a few expressions you can use to express your care and concern in English when someone passes away. Expressing Condolences in English It is a good idea to name the person who died. If you know this person, describe something you loved about him or her. Share a fond memory if you have one. If you dont know the person, express sadness that you never got to meet him or her or acknowledge the importance of this person to your friend.

I am so sorry to hear about your loss. I was heartbroken by this sad news. I will never forget when he/she (share a memory using the past tense verb) You were such a dedicated friend/mother/sister to ______________ (name). He/She will be sadly missed. (Add a detail that describes this persons best quality. For example: He was the best listener. OR He was always there when I needed help with the kids.) Im sorry, but I am at a loss for words. (If you cant think of anything else to say or write.) If you need anything, please ask. (Then offer something specific, such as help with the kids or a home cooked meal or a coffee date.) When you are feeling up to it, lets have coffee together. Im here for you if you need anything.

Thanks for taking the time to let me know about _________ (name of deceased). (Write or say if you received a special call or email notification about this news.)

Expressing Condolences in Writing When you are looking for a card in a stationary shop look for sympathy cards. You can use many of the same expressions in a sympathy note or card.

Please accept my/our sincere condolences. I would like to express my sincere condolences on the death of __________. (name) He/She was __________. (describe this person in a word or two) Im sorry I could not convey my condolences in person. (If you are far away from a friend. You can use this in a phone call too.)

Words to go with a sympathy gift or donation Please accept these flowers from our family. I have made a donation to _____________ (charity or organization) in ________________ (names) honour. As per your request, we have made a donation to _________ in lieu of flowers. Closing your Condolence note or card

Your family will be in my thoughts and prayers. Wishing you peace as you grieve this loss.

Expressing Condolences via Social Media Networks It is okay to express your condolences in a comment if the announcement has been made in a status update or blog. Take a moment to send a private note as well. Common Errors

spelling of peace (not piece) capitalization of God (not god) spelling of condolences spelling of prayers

WordChecker bereaved (noun): person who is grieving the loss of a loved one (adjective= bereaved) grieve (verb): to feel and express sadness after the loss of a loved one (noun=grief) acknowledge (verb): to express recognition or realization deceased (noun): the person who is no longer alive(adjective=deceased) pass away (verb): to die (noun=passing: Im sorry to hear of his passing.) dedicated (adjective): showing extreme care and commitment to a person or thing to feel up to something(verb): to be feeling well enough to leave the home and do something with another person donation (noun): a gift of money or items to a research organization or charity that helps others in lieu of flowers: instead of buying flowers (use only if the bereaved request donations instead of flowers)

Discuss: Should you say Time will heal to a person who has just lost a loved one? We all know this is true, but do we want to hear this phrase when the loss and sadness is so fresh?

Parent-Teacher Interview English

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Is English a foreign language in your family? Does your child go to an English language school? Many EFL parents worry about Parent Teacher Interview days. What if my childs teacher cant understand me? What if I cant understand him? Who is supposed to ask the questions?

Dont worry. You are not alone. Even English speaking parents get nervous before parent teacher interviews. Here is the most important tip. The interview is about your child. There is no grade for you. All you can do is try your best to communicate. Remember that a smile means more than any word. There are 3 main situations when you will be asked to meet with your childs teacher: 1) Meet the Teacher Night

Informal The whole family is welcome (let your child show off his school) Near the beginning of the school year Look at the classroom Look at your childs work space Introduce yourself

Speak briefly with the teacher (give all parents a chance) Make an appointment for a formal meeting (if you have a major concern)

Introduce yourself: Hello Mrs. Wilkins. Im Yolanda. Im Olivias mother/ father. * Call your teacher by the same name your child does, unless he or she invites you to use a first name. More on How to Address people in English here. 2) Parent Teacher Interview

after report cards discuss your childs progress voice your concerns listen to the teachers feedback or concerns

3) Regarding a Major Concern

discuss a major problem about your child that your teacher or administration has raised during the year (the school arranges the interview) discuss a major problem that you or your child has (you arrange the interview) Note: The principal or vice principal may also be present at this meeting. If possible, bring a friend or family member whose English is strong.

What to expect at the Parent Teacher Interview Who? You, your spouse (if possible), and the teacher. You can bring your child and his/her siblings if you dont have a sitter. The teacher will usually have an activity or play space for the kids to play in while you chat. What? An opportunity to listen and speak to your childs teacher. Be sure to read the report card first. Where? In your childs classroom. When? Usually twice a year, after report cards go out. You will probably only have 10-15 minutes with your childs teacher. Watch the clock and respect the time. Other parents are waiting. Many teachers do interviews on their own time. Arrive a few minutes early and wait outside the classroom until the teacher invites you in. Why? To discuss progress and concerns. To receive suggestions. To review work. How? You sit across from the teacher in your childs classroom Small Talk Keep small talk to the bare minimum. Your childs teacher is very busy. One or two questions is fine. If the teacher asks you a small talk question (unrelated to your childs progress), keep your answer short and sweet. You can ask: How is your class this year? Have you always taught grade 3? Questions you may have for the teacher

How many students are in your class? How many ESL/EFL/ELL kids do you have? Does my son/ daughter need extra help? Is there any special area my child needs to work on? What books can you recommend? What level is my child reading at? Can you explain what this means on the report card? (point to your question) How is he/she doing compared to the rest of the class? What can we work on at home? How much time should he/she spend doing homework? Can you recommend any useful websites? How is my childs behaviour on the playground? What is the best way to contact you? Can you review the library/parking/attendance policy? Can you explain the dress code? Is my child participating? Does my child get along with the other kids? Do you need any help in your class?

Concerns you may have

My child does not understand your instructions. My child says hes bored at school. My child isnt eating his lunch. My child is having trouble making friends. My child is complaining about bullying. My child is struggling with math/reading/science.

Concerns your childs teacher may have

Your child is having trouble concentrating in class. Your child has difficulty following instructions. Your child needs to participate more. Your child is quite shy. I am trying to encourage her to open up. Your child calls out in class instead of raising his hand. Your child needs a reading buddy. Your child needs to practise getting dressed and undressed. Your child needs to work on his/her alphabet.

Asking for clarification

Im sorry I didnt understand what you said. Can you please repeat that? Could you write that down for me? Could you speak a little more slowly?

Expressing gratitude

Thank you for teaching my child. Thank you for being patient with my child. Thank you for recognizing my childs special needs. My child really enjoys coming to school. My child is happy when he comes home from school. I can see by your classroom that you are a very hard working teacher. Teaching is a very hard job. I admire what you do.

Follow Up Tuck a note inside your childs agenda or lunch bag for his/her teacher. For example: Thank you for taking the time to meet with me to talk about (childs name). I really enjoyed meeting you. Please call me if you have any concerns. Volunteering Do you have extra time in your day? Why not offer to volunteer in the classroom? Your English will improve while you lend a helping hand. You could also offer to volunteer on school trips. You might need to get a police check to volunteer. Go into a local police station and provide the necessary information.

How to Give Directions

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You know how to ASK for directions, but what happens when an English speaker asks YOU for directions. This is not a time for small talk. Give only basic directions with

short phrases. Do the best you can. Questions you may hear How do I get to Main Street? Where is the closest gas station? Can you tell me where the community centre is? Im looking for Jane Street. Are you from around here?

If you know the way Use basic English to offer directions. Short phrases are best. Speak slowly and use very careful pronunciation. Spell out a word if necessary. The easiest way is to The quickest way is to The best way is to go + direction (right, left, down, up, through) take + road name turn + right/left stay on + road name for + distance or time Examples: The easiest way is to go right on Commercial Avenue. The quickest way is to take Road Number 1. The best way is to turn right on Main Street. Stay on Route 1 for about ten minutes. Use transitions Separate each leg of the route with a transition. after that then next when you get togo finally Offer Ballpark Figures (rough estimates of time or length of travel) Some people feel better knowing how long it will take to get from A to B. Its just around the corner (not far). Its not far. Its a bit of a way. (it takes a while) Its about a five minute walk. Its about a twenty minute bus ride.

Use landmarks Tell the person what to watch for. You will see a large clock on the right. You will pass a gas station. Its across from the blue church. More useful language Its on + street name Its across from Its opposite Its near Its around the corner from Offer warnings Stay in the right lane. Its a very busy road. Its a big hill. (if they are walking or on a bike) There might be construction. If you pass the you went too far. Theres no parking. Repeat yourself If YOU repeat the directions again, the other person will feel more confident. Repeat important details including street names and turns. You can also ask the other person to repeat the directions back to you. If you are in the car with the driver Give a lot of warning. Turn right at the next street Get in the left lane. Go one more block. Then turn right. At the next traffic lights turn Its going to be on your right. Clarify Make sure that the other person understood your directions. Say: Did you get all that? If you dont know the way Dont guess! Dont just shake your head and walk away. Use one of these phrases: Im sorry, Im not from here. Im afraid I cant help you. Sorry I dont know my way around here.

Offer another solution You could ask the bus driver. Ask the front desk clerk. Follow me. Ill show you the way. Do you want me to draw you a map? Read the directions and directly you will be directed in the right direction. (Alice in Wonderland)

Satisfy your Sweet Tooth

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Just because youre in an English speaking country, doesnt mean youll stop craving sweets! Make sure you know how to satisfy your sweet tooth. You may need to order dessert, shop for candy, or describe the delightful experience of trying out a new treat.

Types of Dessert May I see the dessert menu? Practise this line before you enter a restaurant or cafe. Its okay to eat a sundae for dinner if you dont think youll have room after the main event. pie (apple, lemon marangue, pumpkin, pecan) cake (cheesecake, sponge cake, shortcake, brownie, carrot) cupcakes: mini cakes with icing on top (popular for kids) ice cream cones/sandwich/sundaes sorbet mousse cookies and biscuits (chocolate chip, peanut butter, shortbread, ginger) squares and bars pastries (donuts, tarts, fritters)

Types of Toppings and Fillings These days, people rarely just order a scoop of vanilla ice cream! icing/frosting: smooth sugary layer on top of cakes chocolate syrup butterscotch syrup strawberry syrup sprinkles: hard flakes of coloured sugar powdered sugar cinnamon peanuts almonds whipped cream chocolate shavings custard: sweet milk and egg mixture jelly or fruit compote: sweetened and mashed berries or fruit with sugar chocolate chips

Types of Candy You can buy candy at a candy shop or a sweet shop or a corner store or a grocery store. You can also raid the bulk food section or a booth at a market to get your sugar fix. hard candies (wrapped) chocolate bar/candy bar liquorice (red or black) mints cinnamon hearts (spicy) sour candies candy corn (orange and black cone shaped) jellybeans jujubes bubble gum/gumballs/stick of gum gummy bears/worms candy floss (also called cotton candy) lollipops candy apple

chocolate or candy coated raisins/peanuts/pretzels taffy powdered candy

Types of Chocolate Are you a chocoholic? If so, you probably have a preference to one of these types. milk chocolate dark chocolate semi-sweet white chocolate unsweetened chocolate mint chocolate How to Describe Sweets How is your dessert? Practise these descriptive words and phrases or simply lick your lips and nod happily if you are enjoying a bite. delicious scrumptious tasty yummy to die for *If you dont like your dessert or treat you can say it is too: sticky sour sweet for my taste heavy: you feel too full after you eat it rich: the taste is too strong (such as dark chocolate) bland: not enough taste *If youre only looking or still thinking about what to choose you can say the treats look mouth watering or tempting.

No Thank You Did you save any room for dessert? This is what many servers will ask at a restaurant. If you dont want dessert, you can say Id love to, but Im afraid Im full. If the dessert menu doesnt interest you, you can say Were going to pass on dessert tonight. Thank you. Spelling Tip Dessert has two ss and desert (dry land) has one s. Think of dessert as being extra special. This is why it needs an extra s. Comments: Lets talk about sweets! Whats your favourite type of candy or dessert? Is there a treat we should try when we visit your country?

Grocery Shopping in English

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A grocery store is also called a supermarket or a greengrocer. Chain grocery stores are referred to by name. Learn the names of these stores before you travel to a new country. Superstores or department stores often have full grocery sections inside.

Shop Smart
Grocery stores are set up for you to buy more than you need. Fresh foods and staples are usually placed in the outside aisles or at the far end of a grocery store. At the front you will find convenience foods and sale items. At the checkout you will find things you probably dont need, such as chocolate bars and magazines. The store is counting on you to throw a few of these items into your cart or basket. This is called impulse shopping. Can you resist the temptation?

Gathering and packing

Most grocery stores offer a variety of options for gathering and packing items. Dont be surprised if you have to buy your bags.

shopping cart: pushcart on wheels (you may have to put a coin deposit in the slot) basket: plastic container with handles; useful for quick grocery trips when you only need a few items box: sometimes available for free at the checkout plastic or paper bags: you may have to pay for these reusable bags: bring your own (or buy and reuse)

Main Aisles and Sections

Here are the main aisles (or sections) in a grocery store as well as some example items you will find in them. produce: fresh fruit and vegetables frozen food: juice, pizzas, fruit and vegetables bulk food: peanuts, candy, flour, snacks (You bag yourself. You choose the amount.) baking: pre-packaged goods such as flour, sugar, salt, and chocolate chips. breads: packaged breads, bagels, hamburger and hot dog buns meat and seafood: packaged beef, chicken, fish deli: freshly sliced meats and cheeses (You tell the butcher how much you want.) bakery: fresh breads, muffins, cakes to order dairy: milk, eggs, dairy, yogurt pasta and rice: spaghetti, penne, wild rice, whole wheat pasta ethnic foods: foods from countries in other parts of the world canned foods: beans, pasta sauce, canned fruit and vegetables condiments: ketchup, BBQ sauce, salad dressings, oil snacks: chips, packaged candy, cookies, crackers cereal: boxed breakfast cereals and bars, oats, granola. beverages: juice, pop, coffee, tea,

household items: toilet paper, tissue paper, garbage bags, detergent, diapers health and beauty and or pharmacy: make up, deodorant, feminine products, medicine

Checkout

Read the signs above you before you get into a line.

express checkout: For people buying a few items. The sign will show how many items you are allowed to have (1-12). automatic checkout: You swipe and bag your own groceries and pay with a credit or debit card. closed: Many stores use a lighting system to show which line ups are open for service. If the light is on the aisle is likely open.

Questions to ask in a Grocery Store

You dont always need to ask someone who works in the store. The shopper next to you may be able to tell you where to find the sugar.

Can you tell me where the produce section is? Can you do a price check for me? Do you have prepackaged candy? Do you have more flour in the back? (if a shelf is empty) Is this on sale? Do you sell stamps, lottery tickets, alcohol? (grocery stores in some countries are not licensed to sell alcohol)

Discounts
Do you have a discount card? Many clerks will ask this. Membership cards at grocery stores are usually free. They provide you with a discount on many items. Are you going to use this store a few times? Fill out a form and get a card! It will be worth your time. If you dont have a card, dont be fooled by the prices on food. Many foods are advertised at membership prices. Without a card youll pay a higher price. Brand-name items are typically more expensive than no-name or store-named items. Common Courtesy If the person behind you only has one or two items, you can invite the shopper to go in front of you. Say, You can go ahead of me. Youre just buying a few things. If there is a divider (small

stick) on the conveyor belt at the checkout, place it after your items. This will allow the person behind you to start placing his or her groceries down too. Grocery Shopping Tips Did you write out a list? Creating an English grocery list is a fun and simple way to practise English. You can even create a master list using the sections above. Add subcategories for all the foods you normally buy. Leave extra spaces for special items that you need once in a while. If youre shopping with children, bring a snack or toy!

English for Earth-Friendly Travellers

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At home you may know the rules about recycling. You know where to put the papers. You know where the plastics belong. You even know which bottles can be returned. Good habits often go out the window when you are travelling. Sometimes this is out of laziness. Sometimes it is because you dont know the language or the rules of the region you are visiting. Its easy to be earth-friendly in English. Just ask your nearest human for help!

Questions you may need to ask

Do papers go in here? Where can I recycle the papers? Where do the plastics go? Who picks up the papers for recycling? Can this be recycled? Can I compost this? Do you have a compost pile?

Where does the trash belong? Can I return my bottles here? Where can I buy a reusable bag? Is this bin for bottles? Which day is the recycling picked up? When is garbage day? Where can I buy a reusable bottle? How do I turn this off? Is there a used/second hand clothing store around here?

Earth-Friendly Choices

I dont need a bag. I dont need a receipt. Im okay to walk. Id like to rent a bicycle. Im looking for LED lights. Im looking for a recycling bin.

Wordchecker compost (noun): a pile of soil that food and yard waste can be added to (also used as a verb) LED light (noun): an energy-saving light bulb

Taking a Taxi
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If you are travelling to an English speaking country for business or pleasure, you will likely use a taxi. Here are some useful words and phrases to help you enjoy a smooth ride:

Asking someone to call you a taxi Would you call me a taxi, please? Im going to _____________ (your destination). OR Could you give me the number for a taxi service? Calling a taxi yourself When the dispatch operator answers you will hear something like Circle Taxi. How can I help you? or Yellow Taxi. Where are you located? You will need to provide the address of where you are (your location) and where you are going (your destination). For example: Can I get a taxi to the airport? Im at the Crown Hotel. Questions for a taxi dispatch operator: Can I schedule a taxi pick up for 5am tomorrow? Is there a flat rate to the airport from here? What will it cost me to go from my hotel to the airport? How long is the wait for a taxi right now? Flagging down a taxi In some locations you dont need to call a taxi. You can just wave your hands at one as it drives close to you. This is called flagging or hailing a taxi down. Stand close to the road and wave your arm out. An empty taxi will pull over for you. Many people get in the back of a taxi instead of the front passenger seat. A taxi without its light on is likely already on a taxi run for someone else. Questions the driver may ask you Where are you heading? How will you be paying? (cash, credit card, debit, foreign exchange) Do you want a flat fee? Do you need a receipt? Telling the driver your destination Can you take me to the airport, please. Im going to the Star Motel downtown. Do you know where the Brick St. Pub is? Im going to 501 Main St. please. Questions for your taxi driver Would you mind making a quick stop? (if you need to pick someone or something up on the way-the driver will likely keep the meter running even if you are not in the car) Whats your exchange rate? (f you have foreign money) Do you have a flat fee to the airport? Do you accept debit?

Do you accept credit cards? What do I owe you? What to say when leaving the cab Keep the change. (if you are offering a tip) May I have a receipt please? (if you need it for business purposes) Thanks for the ride. Enjoy the rest of your day. Words you may need to know location: your current place destination: where you are going metre: the machine that reads the distance and calculates the cost fare: the amount you must pay tip: the extra money you offer for safe, friendly, and prompt service car seat: a seat for a child luggage: your bags and suitcases cab: short form for a taxi cab flag or flag down: to indicate that you want a taxi or bus to stop pick up: the taxi picks you up at your current location drop off: the taxi drops you off at your destination van: a larger taxi that has more seats Tip: Making small talk with a friendly taxi driver is a great way to practise your English. Dont be shy!

Picture It: Soothe

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How do you soothe a crying baby?

The crying began when she was about three weeks old. I said to my doctor: What happened to my happy baby? My doctor answered, She woke up!

For the first few days or weeks of a newborns life sleep is the main event. Then one day the baby wakes up and realizes she is out of the womb. Put me back! my baby cried. She could not get comfortable. No matter what we did, we could not soothe her. I began to do some research. All of the experts said the same thing: Try to make your baby feel like she is back in the womb. Besides food, the environment inside the womb provides a fetus with the following:

warmth vibration closeness movement white noise

I got to work! Swaddling did not work. Nursing her all day long did not work. Walking through the halls with her at all hours of the night did not work either. One trick I had not tried was filling her ears with white noise. What do I have around the house that makes white noise? I wondered. I turned on the hair dryer and sat close to it with my baby. Guess what happened? My baby stopped crying. The sound of the hair dryer soothed her. Sometimes it even put her into a deep sleep. The clothes dryer worked too, but how often can you wash your clothes? (Pretty often when you have a newborn, actually.) Can you believe I used to ask people if they had a hair dryer before I went to visit with my baby? If they didnt have one, I brought my own. Now that youve heard and seen proof of this story, Ill bet you never forget this word! Word Forms to soothe (verb): to calm and comfort someone who is experiencing pain or sadness soother (noun): a small rubber or plastic nipple that a baby sucks when he or she is not drinking (also called a pacifier or binky) soothing (adjective): comforting (The soothing music put the baby to sleep.) Note: A hair dryer is also called a blowdryer. Previous Picture It posts: improvise jealousy Share Do you have a picture that will help others remember a word? Pairing a word with a visual image

is a good way to keep it in your brain. Each time you learn a new word, try to find a picture that defines it. If you have a picture that describes a word or phrase perfectly in English share it in the MyEC Gallery. Use the tag Picture-It and contact me about having it published in ESL Magazine. Leave a comment: How do you soothe a baby? Share your tricks!

Picture It: Jealousy

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Do animals get jealous?

The children were gathered around the petting zoo admiring the ponies and goats and llamas. Then along came King and Weston. The ponies went berserk when they saw the mounted police on their turf. The parents and children wondered what the ponies were thinking.

Did the ponies want the horses to come closer? Did the ponies want the horses to go away? Did these miniature horses wish they were as big and beautiful as the animals that roamed free on the other side of the chain link fence? Personally, I think the ponies were jealous. After all, these tall dark horses were perfectly groomed. They were also strong and powerful. They belonged to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). What were these horses doing in the childrens park other than showing off their power and beauty? Your guess is as good as mine. Now that youve pictured the word jealousy Ill bet you never forget this word! Do you have any real life examples of animals displaying jealousy? Leave your story in the comments below. Usage Note: This word is often misspelled. Be careful to choose the correct word form when you use it.

jealous: adjective jealousy: noun Related Learn more about this story in the audio storybook Playing Hooky. Last weeks Picture It word: improvise Share Do you have a picture that will help others remember a word? Pairing a word with a visual image is a good way to keep it in your brain. Each time you learn a new word, try to find a picture that defines it. If you have a picture that describes a word or phrase perfectly in English share it in the MyEC Gallery. Use the tag Picture-It and contact me about having it published in ESL Magazine.
Written by Tara Benwell for EnglishClub.com | November 2010 Tara Benwell is a Canadian freelance writer and editor who specializes in materials and articles for the ELT industry

Picture It: Claustrophobic

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Are you claustrophobic? When Grandma said she was buying a scooter, we thought she meant the kind that you ride on. The typical mobility scooter is similar to an electric wheelchair. We were surprised when Grandma asked if the kids wanted a ride in her new scooter. Didnt she mean a ride on her scooter? When we got to the parking garage, we understood what Grandma meant. Her new scooter was more like a car! It even had its own parking spot. The kids fought over who got to have a ride with Grandma first. Everyone took a turn, except me.

Why didnt I want a ride in Grandmas Mr. Bean car? Well, the truth is, Im a tad claustrophobic. In my opinion, this phobia stems from having older brothers who loved to cover my head with blankets or bury me in pillows. My brothers deny this torture to this day. Regardless of whether or not my memory serves me correctly, I dont enjoy being in enclosed spaces. This includes showers that close tightly, elevators (I almost never take an elevator alone.), and yes, Grandmas new scooter. I know this is an irrational fear, but I cant help it. That is why it is called a phobia. I am also afraid of mice. Do you have an irrational fear? Word Forms

claustrophobic (adjective) claustrophobia (noun)

How to Describe your Fear To describe your fear in English you can always say, I am afraid of + (fear) or I have a fear of + (fear), for example:

I am afraid of spiders. I have a fear of flying.

To use a word such as the ones below, you can use the adjective form or the noun form.

I am claustrophobic. I have claustrophobia.

Other Common Phobias

arachnophobia: fear of spiders agoraphobia: fear of leaving your home or your comfort zone xenophobia: fear of foreigners or strangers acrophobia: fear of heights (It is more common to say Im afraid of heights.)

And here is a new one I learned today: carcinophobia. This is an irrational fear of cancer. If you have carcinophobia you are afraid that every pain or illness you have is a sign of cancer. Here is an A-Z of phobias. If you look at the root of each phobia, you can learn some common words. These root words are used to make many other words with similar meanings. Can you guess what melanophobia is? Here is a hint. Think of the word melancholy.
Written by Tara Benwell for EnglishClub.com | December 2010 Tara Benwell is a Canadian freelance writer and editor who specializes in materials and articles for the ELT industry.